The New York Herald Newspaper, September 25, 1854, Page 1

ee THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 6605. PMPORTANT AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION. The Creps of the United Scates-tffects of the Late Drougat -acpues io the Heretd Cireuler, ‘We sre gradually rec+iv'ng replies to the circular we qemued from the HERALD office, ia the early part of this mouth, directed to resyousib'+ geotiemen throuzhoat the United =tetes, We now publisn the raplias of most im- portance which have come to hint, inolutiag « few let- ‘ters which we have already givea to our ra ‘The following is a copy of tow Geran cireawr referred to, which was sent by mail to iufluential individuals throughout the Union :— CIRCULAR, New York, Sept. 4, 1854. Dean Sm—A great drovght has afflicted the country ‘avpreoedented fn its durationand exient It mast ma! ‘terially affect our financial and iatustrial exchanges, “the subsi:tence of our peopl, aod our general pro «parity We deeire, therefore, vo sollect from the diforeat 60: tiony of the Unioa, for the puriic ia‘ormition, authoauc ‘facts of the state of the crops, especially of corn, cotton and potstoes, and thetr provable yieli thiy season a4 compared with an average crop To tais end, we take the Hterty of addressing you, an‘ request that you will oommunicate to this office svcn ficts ani estiaates as you may be able to command in refereues to the great staples of your Commonweulth, and the oxteut and elect of the drought in tho reduc.ion of your crops. P * * * * The fuller your details, the better. Please answer at our cazilest convenience, and address J. G. BENNE (T, Edltor N. Y. Hana, New York. KENTUCKY. YROM THE SKCRETAKY OF STATE. Frasarort, Sept 18, 1854. Duar Sm—Yours of the sth makiag enquiries in rela- ‘Wcn to the crops of this State, waa receivoia fow days since, and, after obtaiciog all the infomation [ could, I ‘am cf the opinion that there wil not be made ia tne ‘State more than half acrop of such produce as arti- ‘eles of commerce. The drought has been general throughout the State, with the exception of afew coun tes, ehich are, however, remote from commercial ani trading poiats, aud hence av have but litue effect in the sapptics of tue market. The corn in the bog and catte growing portions of the State is cut short upon an sversge of sue half, in ucine places there not being evongh tor the moat economical home demand and consumption Tria wil oo Toubs af- fect sericusly the pors and neof market io tai 3\ite tow very g eat extent, and must produce a tightnoss in the money murset. I am satis. however the! with # proper oxercise of economy, the vetter porticu of our farmers may have « supply for their wants, whilst som of the poorer clarses may suffer. The tobacco crop of Kentuozy, which isan article of considerable comm-ree, vill not m: more thaa two thirds of a crop: and I bare no doubt that these ‘igures will be comsidered by many to batoo high The hemp -erop I know but lite avout, but hear a great dea of complaint of its beiog short. It will perhaps mato f om aw half to two thirds of a c:op. ‘The grass, wheat a:0 oat crop was excellent, and the farmers aro relying altogether upon the hey and oa‘s to Seep their stock alive through tbe winter for the ext yesr’s market, fa consequeace of not haviag safficisat cora to fatten for the presen: season. The wheat crop, though & gooicne, is not more than a supply for home oonsumption, * not being ao article of commerce in this State. The potato crop is not one of mach importance in this State, thougn I think tae early crop is god. It is my opinion that there will bo a good deal of suf- feritg emong the poorer classes of the state for the ne- -censaries of life, ana an ong tho trading class a tigh'acss and stri genoy in the moroy market that will no doubt produce a crash«z ‘hard times”? I my be wrong in my deductions and conciusions, but the tendency of wrcperty of every de-cription in prices ie mow dowa- wards in this State with a mo-t fearful: apldity; and the opinion of commercial men is, taat without come aofore meen favorable ctango in the money market, there will be waffesing smoog the trading mon, and consequeatly amorg sil other classes. {+m yours, ke, GRANT GhEXN, Secretary of state of Kentucky. J G. Baswerr, Beq Faitor New Yorx Mxnau. JOWA. FROM 91H SEORErakY OF STATE. Secunrary’s Orrick, lows } To+ a Crrr, Sept. 12,:1854. J. G, Pmevert, eq —. Dear Sum : In reply to the enquiries contatned in yours of the 4th inst., I will give it as my oplaioa that the crops in the State of Iowa, for the present season, will ‘be greater than the average of former yoars. I mean more to the acre, and a much larger quantity, as mueh more land has been cultivated this year than any pre- vious year. More wheat has been sown this, than avy previous year, and the yield is mach more per acre than in former years. A great deal more corn has been planted this year than any former year, and the yield will doudtiess. be much greater per acre ia some of the soathern coun. tien of the State. Tho corm crops are light, bat in the entral, western and northern portions of tne state the erop of corn will be very heavy—much heavier per scre ‘thea any former year, and much more plantei this year ‘than formerly. Potatoes are not 5» good; the drought hhas infured the crop materia ly. I do not think we shall have an average crop peracre. I think, however, that there were consicerably more planted this year than any former year, but the yield will be lighter. In view ‘of the large immigration to this State, we ahall be able to furnish but little grain for exportation, if ary, and probably no potatoes, as oar home consumption will probably be equal to the supply, or nearly so. Very respectfully, GEORGE W. MoCLEARY. OHIO. YROM THE SECRETARY OF STATE. Stare or Unio, Svoat any’s Orrice, } Covomavs, Sept. 11, 1454. Jaws Gorpow Brynerr, Esq., Forror or THe Naw York Hxnato:— xan Sm—ihis county (Frank‘in) lies on either side ef the ciote, which Is world renowned for the extent Gnd forihity of ive broad botto an and prodao:iro upland, and (s regarded a5 one amo: gat tie beat cora growing counties fa the State, but does not rank with the fore- mor: in the production of wheat. The same may be said ‘Of thir entire valley, to the mouth of the Sci to at Ports- mouth. ‘The season was fine, and crops promised well up to the wheat barvest; and al! crops made previous to that time Were abundant. Wheat, wita the exception of » very few feids injured by weevil, yivkded well; all the smali @raire were abundant, and ney was, perneps, never better; acd then the favorable wea her afforded an op porturity for harvesting all these eroos to the best pos: eible advantage. ‘hen come the drought and from that period up to this time there has not fallen rain enough ‘to perctrate to the roots of anything of vegetable growth Corn way be set down at not more than hslf the enna avernge yield Broom corn, Jarge quantities of which ‘are anuuaily grows in this aod neighboring coanties, While the brush is firm and of most cxocllont qaality, ‘will ot probab y tarn out in weight more than oae-hulf the ueual quantity. Potatoes, none. I planted upon excellent ground. that had boon prepared and worked with ths greatest care, about three acres of this vegotable, which will not prodace DB amount equal to the sed planted Hogs are abundant and low, from the fact that there is Sbut little corn upon which to fatten them. Thero was iprospect, however, for « plentiful c~of of mast, but tho sary weother has greatly injured that. It will help, some- vwhat, however, towards wntering stook hogs. Fruit plonty, but small snd sbrivelled by crought. ‘The shove remarks are pretty generally applicable, not vonly to all this valley to the Onio river, but to the whole of sonthern Obio. ‘The northwestern or new portion of this State, hither- to ranking with the best wheat growing region of the Gtate, has anffored very seriously from the weevil; the *ame may be said o” nearly all the wostern reserve coun- ties, and a'l the eastern tier of counties, where there ‘was not more than a third of a crop of wasat. Summary statement of the prospects of the. crops in Ohio:—Wheat, (w.th the excep'ions on account of wee- vil above named,) fully an average yield, and for theen. the State, perhaps more than half an average crop. —_— MORNING EDITION—MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1854. Pay, end email grote geversiy, acd al! cro:a that were porfect:d before ibe wheat harvest, sbandent. Corn, vot more than haf acrep Potstoss, lear thin the quentity clented 4/1 crops not perfected before wheat harvest eeriously impairet Fruit, ia wost parts of the State, plenty {a quantity, but foferior fo quality, to consequeuce of the extrome drought. Very reepeotfally, yoer obesicet corvsat, Wr Taevirr. MINNESOTA PRRRITORY- PROM GOVERMUB GORMAN, Kxvoutivs Ovrion, Sr. Pavi, Miauesota Docritory Sie—Your printed circular, owed opt 4 was daly re- ceived. You request to be inforwet of the proba le smount of agrosltaral products for this year Ia tho first place it h » oven quile seaeomsble, we have hel no Grought to affect the crops ia the least, All ths eornals have mature) fively and yielded Largs crops, and se with 2) the esculenta @ur whest orvp will reast about 178,000 bushels; corn about 36,008 to 60,008 nushels; po tatoes, the yield fs very Large and of choice quality, eet- meted at 400,000 buabels ‘here will also bos bcge yield of cranberries = urnips, rutadeges sad pumpsias, have yiel ea the largest crop to the acre, generslty, t have ever seep grow in soy pert ol the conatiasat Our turipand rutavega cro, cunsot fall short ot 400,000 bushels; but theee are mo-tty fed toour cattle during tue winter. Iam President of the Agricultural suoloty of this Territory, and think my sources of informatiun such ‘ar can be relied upon— at least suvstaatially #0. Respectfully, your ob’t serv’t. W. A. GORMAN. J. G. Bexxsrt, Esq., New York. WISCONSIN. The following circular has been iraued by the Yecreta- ry of State to the memrers of the Legisiature and the information obteined will soon be embodied and sent to us for publication iu the Hmaaty § [t will be observed the circular states that the crops have beea good in Wisconsin the present year: — OmeULAR. Mavisox, Wisconsin, Sept. 12, 1904. fm—There being 2 general failure of grain crops im the United States whi Wivconsia is sigaslly favored la her agricultural fotereat, [ em induced by inquiries from the East to attempt to obtein an avpe ximite estimate of the amount of grein produced tn our State, tue pre- sent year, for publicetion in Kastern papers. A stave- men: of this sort would ve extensively noticed through- out the Union, and would attract atiention from all quarters to the resources and advaatages of the tate Should you coneur with me in this upinioa, | hope you will tuke pains tv obtain and forward to this office, at ne eurly a date as possible, the best info: mation within your resch) in reply to tbe following questions :— 1 Wheat amount of whest was bacveste d this yearin the aiatrics you represen’? 2, What will probabiy be the amount of corn gathered! 8. What the amount of oats aud other grains? 4. What the probab’e yield of pota*ves? Of course only an estimate approximating the trath as pearly a6 powsible is expec'ed Your varly atiention will much oblige, Yours, respectfuliy, ALEX. T. GY, Secretary of State, PENNSYLVANIA. VROM JAMES GOWKN, BxQ., FARMEB, OF GH&MAN- TUWN. Mount Amy, Germantown, Sept. 20, 1854. J. @ Bexwerr, kag :— Daag >12—To whet extent the drought so much com: plained of hes injured the crops in Poansylvania ia gece rell bave no means of computiag beyons t20 reports 1 have seen in newspapers, atd home verbal and writven con munications 1 bac from frienos and correspondents. Vrom these ard my own obserrstion in this aud w juin ing counties, lam inclined te the opinion thet tue corn bas suffered in some localities from drought, but that owing to a larger breadth having been plented last epring,as 1 believe, than was plates the p:eceding spriag the increase from {his oircumsiauce will ciate up for whatever partial fojury the drought may have occe sioned; and, therefore, I concluis there will be as large crop of corn jhis seasonin Penayleacie as there was last your--osy on average orop, Ualese before it is hsased it sbould befojured by somd dither c+use beside drought ‘The potatoes have suffered in soms places by the , drought, and stil’ more generally by the coutiouous ex cessive heat that prevailed for avvera! da+a a: a critical period in the growth of the cron, but how far aher’ the crop will fallcan as yet be but partisily surmised, as it isnot gathered The potato crop cennot be made up like the corp, from more than usual having been planted, for, with the exce ption of my own neighborhood, I have reason to think that the bro .th of Iaad appropriated to the potatoes in Penzeylvan last +priog was less than that slowed to them the previors season. The farmers generally were no intent last fall upon sowing largely of wheat that they spent the lsst shovel full of maaare that could be 4 toget her to apply to the grain, and henee they found themselres in the ap: ing scant of 8 sufficiert supply ‘of macure for « liberal usual potato Planting. In the ering oats and corn claime! the mast attention—potatces were neglected or badly trested, Whether Keow Nothingiem ba? anything to do with this incivility to ths pota‘o, because it is called Irisb, I can hardly say, but I dere to guese that {f tuat right royal righteous horde, who are numberless ag the sands of the wea, would, of theie magnanimous cemency, abstain from eating “ murpbies” until next summer, it would be an act of grace that would All tne poor with ua wonted gratitude In fect such a Lent wouli bb jess of a boom than a principle of conscience with the heaven-born; for {t can hardly be possibls that a pious outendout Kecw Nothing can ewsilow @ ‘murphy’ without being choked t» Geath for bis infidelity, in defiling himself with the forbidden vile Irish root. Pardon this digression, when I was going on to say, that the potato crop will be mach Iess than an average, but thaak P rovidence it is sound— free from rot. In this vicinity there was no drought, the springs dia not fail; the foliage never looked fresher, aor tne fields greener at this season of the year than they now do; we bad beavy ratoa in the latter part of July and begianing of Augnat, so many that they interfered seriously with the hervesting of my Umothy and oate—the latter was s0 beaten down that it had to be cut with a seythe, and forked into the weguna unbound, like hay—much of the oats was lort in this way by shattering on the elds. Oo the whole, there fs I think a feir crop of oats, as of everything else, except puta:oes, in Ponasylvania. . Pray exense me for not going more into devall, am very bury seeding my winter grain, and preparing for our State Agricultural Exhibition. to be held next week at Philedelphia. Very respectfully yours, JAMES GOWEN. DELAWALE, FROM THE GOVERNOR OF THE eTATE. NzaR Sxaroup, (Del ), Sept’ 12, 1864. Den Saa—In reply to the questions asked in your ecmmunication of the 4th instant, as to the effest the drought bas had on our crops in this Stato, I have to aay, that thongh we have suffered severely, our corm erops are about to turn out much better than we expected. Owing to partial rains on tho western side of thie conaty (Sussox) we havo fared much better than say part of the Perineu’a, except perhaps Newcastle county. In that county the corn crop is c:nsiderod a fair average. Kent and Susrex may eefoly be act dowa one-third to one- fourth short of an average; and tako the whole penin- sula together, (Inclading this ttate, the Fastern shore counties of Meryland and Virginia) the drought has sbortened the corn crop at least ove-third Our late po ‘ato crop bas fared much worse than our corn crop. It may be ret down as @ total fatlare, It is, however, crop but lite cuiivated in thts Stato, except for our own consumption ; ond the loss of thit crop would have been but livile felt if wo had afall crop of corn. Corn is our erest staple, many of our farmers g-owtag no other kind of gra'aforeale. Oar whest crop this year, except in the vorthern part of the State, fell at loast one-third bo. low sv average, The aamo mey be said of the Kastsrn shore counties of Maryland. Our oat crop and first thay crop proved very good Of late hay we have none at all, avd our pastures are now bare of grass. Seasonable teins would yet help our pastursa, ~ Please send me a few copies of the Herat containing the information which you may collest 1rom all parts of the country in regard to the effects of tho drought. Address Seaford, Deleware. Yours reapectfally, 3.0. Busser, Faq. WILLIAM H, ROX } 4 FROM CHAUNORY P BOLOOMB, RSQ, FeRaR, OF NB® CASTLE CoUNTY, | RVONDALS Fara, Naan Newosstux, el, rept, «¥, James G, Bewwary, +59, Eprror oF 18 New York Heratp:— raing to my abse co, yo irs of the 4th ia- information ia e-ferenes to th effsct of the drought in thie State only reach-d me last evening I bamen to reply. Tbe shest crop of this State is, as awhole, not far from 33 p-r cent below an average; bat the effe sts of the rust, which was the prin dpal cause of he felling off, wes partial im some distro's very bac, in others they ooflered comparatively itde «from + smal! ferm [ have in Kent county, wbich usual'y yieds mo 1,090 bush: ols for warket, [ot this year but 340, thouch with ra. ther more breadth in Ip my opinion, from all I have observed and cxn loara, the felling off in the corn crop in the two lower codntice Of Chia Stwte, Kent and susaex, will be scout ‘orty per cont. I think met any lees—more than forty (a Sussex, something less in Keat, It is tae , rtucipal orop of Sus. ex, end is extensivey cultivatd in Keot. Ie this cunty Newcastle our hopes are that it ail; reach with, ft) £0 per cent of an average crop, but will be 40 per ceat below a good crop But the breadth pleated was greater thn» vaual, and may bring the produc:ion of the state wibla £6 percentef am average crap. Pots’ ces are almost « total failure «ll cultivated deld of six acres, ifrom this made an ett that the yield of the field would be about two uuscred and fifty bushels of small potatoes herdly Gfty bushels of them being Gt for table use, The very exrly planted have done something better. There will be very fow turvios; not one field in twenty sown came up Some bave sown @ second and third time, and may getafew from the effects of the late vain. The ort crop and the hay crop were a good aversge fn thiertate. Ishould think the oat crop a iittle above an aversge. 1 have answered your questions with perfeot candor, Léonot doabt but they will b+ answered with like ovndor by agriculiuriste generally It ie very erroceous — ir i» very Wrong—to suppose that a who'e community will Join in a ret of misrepresentations Tnere is no “ panic wokers’’ among the farmers that Tanoe of vo far as Lest the expreesion | f opinion by my agricultural f:icuds and neighbors in reference to the great « rought with «hich the country hes been visited, it is an ho est exproseion of opinions realy entertained and fairly expressed. Somo allovance is undoubtedly to be made for doubts, and teors, ond forebooioge, but they do not mean or inclioe to represent anything with a propestive view to the warkets; and those who think ochersise, of which [am Gad to ree tho New Yor« Henan is vot one, deceive themselves and would écoeive the country on a great and im portant subject T have always thavght that the press of our country— the ccmmercia! prees—has beret fore givea too little at- teution to this all important subject: the state of the ¢rope— the annusl production of the couatry in its prin- cipel ataples. The course of the English commercial press bas always been strikingly different. Oar farmers have scffered for want of reliable inform«tion; our fectors, shippers and millers have equally suffered, oe all have bad torosh biludfoldiato the market without 8 kpowleoge of the true atate of facts, o! least a0 far as tho production ef this count-y is concerad The eye of the merchan: is 4xe@ intently on the martet in which he ells; he reads the Mark Lane Eapress, but nothing of the condition of the crops—nothivg of the probasle surplus for sale; he has no means of ascertaining this if he would. Therefore the production is ueually taken for granted, and no questions a-ked Thope that ove fruit of the present calamitous drought will be to direct the attention of the p ess to this im- Fortant raiter, ‘o ascertain if possi rie, by some a ppeos imate estimare, toe production of the couctry ia its prizcipsl steples; and to this end, thas parties may be early formed of the cordition of the growing crops, I will subscribe to any journai that will give ths iaforas- tion—th vuennée of otber ‘armert could afford to do so, even if the price was $50 a year. I hope the Aseaip will fcliow up the coures it he commenced It has a wide circulation in Europe, and would comrey correct Vews tuere of the condition and prospect of our orops an ou: producti; and a- one producer, I wisn themt bave méch information, and for the factor and shipper, anc wciler and farme: st home, to heve such informa tion. Is will be better end safer for ali parties Let us bargain with a bnowledge of fee +, so far as it {1 practi- casle to obtein them—not a knowledge of ome fac’: the rices by the last ateamer, as reported by telegraph. Any ond all the parties concerned ought to be ashamed of coing business tuis way, and the governmest ought to be achemed that loaves its people spread over a con trent without @ single statistical fact from one decade to snother, In bopes the New York Hararp will take means to eupply this velaable information—an enterprise well suited to ite enterprising cheracter—I remain Truly yours, & , CHAUNCEY P. HOLCOMB. NEW JERSEY. FROM THE GOVERNOR. SraTs o7 New Jeasey—Eceovtive DeraRTMRyt, ‘Tranton, Sept. 7, 1864. } ¢.G@ Bawngrs, Esq. :— Iman }1R—It will afford me pleasure to obtain and give you, as far as I can from the most reliable sources, the information desired by your note of the 4th int. I éevm the informa ‘ion of great national importance. My presont opinion is, take our whole crops together, we shall fave this years fair average crop Our grass and early grain, harvested before the draught, was good and more than an average crop. Potatoes have suffered most. Lom really obliged to you for suggesting this inquiry, and will be fully compensated by rea ting a compendium for the United States in your valuable paper. T have the honor to be, with great respect, your most obec ient servant, ROOMAN M. PRICE. VIRGINIA. FROM THE SEORBTABY OF STATE. EXECUTIVE DRPARTMENT, RICHMOND, -ept. 9, 1864 Daan Smm—The ciroular addressed to me, dated the 41h inst., has been received If I bad authentic sta- tetice) information relative to the state of the corn, cot top and potato crop of this state, it would affurd me pleesu e to give it. General accounts are extremely contradictory; but I believe myself, from a perusal o ovr inland State papers, as well as from faformution af. forded by persons coming from all parts of the state, having business with the officers of government, thet the fact is, if you take the line of peilroais ranclag through Virginia from north to south—that is the «ich- mcnd, Fredericksburg ana Potomac, and the Richmond and Danville Rallroad—to the North Carclina line, as 4 general rale, the weathrr was very searonable, and be- low this line to the seaboard, the corn crop was very good—more than an average crop. There is but little cotton now grown in the Sta‘e, and the potato crop, wtich is for export, is mostly grown in this section. It is aleo good. From the line thus de ‘enated you mast deduct all that portion of Virginian which is called the Northern Nek, in which the drought was very severe, end the corn crop almost an entire failure In soma of the countias in this part of the Stete the farmers are now baying corn for their rext year's sapply, and it is selling at from four to five dollars a varrei. in most of the State, above the line designated, the droaght has been severe, and the corn ercp will be greatly below an avornge crop—some say not half # crop, but I suppose this to be tuo low an estimate. T have thas given you, ina genoral way, all the infor- matin I bave upon the subject, and while {t is vory Mesgre, you are weloome to it. Very respectfully, ke , GEORGE W. MUNFORD. 1884. } Idug a rowing J. G. Beyer, Beq., Editor New Yorx Prrarp. FROM B2RA FITZHAMMON ESQ., FARMER, OF SPOT- (SYLVaNIA COUN: Y. FREDERICKSBURG, Va., Sept. 15, 1854. James Gorpor Bennert, Fsq , @ I Ran tir—Ip the ' sRatp of a previous date, I rev an ortic o in which you earnestly appealed to your readers throughout the Union, to furnish you with informa‘ion conerrping the injury, on account of the drought, ia ‘rrespestive neighborhoods I am placed where I + «De very gonerslly informed on the subject, and can y with safety that the corn crops in our own county se : = (“poteyivanta), and those contiguons to M, viz. ‘xrolior, Stafford end Fequier, are very short, so mu: ao, thet many of the lergest farmers in tho e oudties will & © myelied to buy core for domestic use. Tae cra on the lower Reppabannoot, in the counties near it weath ond tt oge lying on Chosapease Bay ere, tam iu o-med grperally very fine, they vot hav ng sutfec~| Coc rain until their crops w re made. Hoplog that tuese fuet+ may be of some use to you, I am very rea wotfuily, EZRA FI ZH aMMON. NOBTH CAROLINA. FROM JOHN S. DANY, BSQ, PLANTER, OF EDGE CUMBE QUUSTY. Tannono, Sept. 18, 1854 My Deam fin—Our seseon in this region of North Cerclios cen be safely put down as an ave-.goone. It comperes very fivcrebly wth the one of 1865, being fully twenty-five per cent better. Our principal crop in Régecombe is cotton, aud I thivk the growing crop wiil root ap 10,000 bales (400 Ibs. to tbe bale) It will certainly be the Lar.est cro» ever madeinthe county, tne season having been fair end the ste m cultivation increased over that of aoy formar yeur. ‘Tbecors crop is fine, and now out«f ail dange from injury. The ost coo was uncommonly govd. Sweet poratoes look foe, and will, no doubt, yield weil The hg crop will be fully au average one, aod trore is tbe gre sbandanee of peasand pumpkins, in ad i- tlop to the corn elready mentioned, to fatten them in good time. Our county ard several edjacemt counties have beca exempt from drought « Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOAN 8. DaNC * James Gorpon Besyxrr Féitor Heratp, MAINE, FROM GEORGE M. FREBMAN, KSQ., OF YORK COUNTY. York Maino, Sept 21, 1854. Dean SiR—Waving seon your circu'aria the Hekatp of the 1éth inst., it has induced me to send you a otute- ment of the erops in this section, ‘The bay crop was a fair average one, and well sesured Corn on high ground was mach pinched by the drought, which began to be felt about the Zbth July, aad contia- ued till the Ist september, with the exception of one or two slight showers Not mo-e tban half a crop on high ground; on moist ‘anc, sorn good ant a faic crop; seldom better. No wheat sown this way to speak of, but barley, considerable sown, and an exccilint erop. Beans are good. a faircrop, but the droogut plached them soms, otherwire there would have brea a very heavy crop. There is a feir crop of po'atoes tais year, compared to last year. ‘shove planiei early, acd of an esrly kind, yielded a fair crop; those plated late, and where tha rought did not kill the vines. have been reaovated by the ln e rain, and there will bo a fair average crop. The article is of a superior quelity to former years. Upon the whole, I think we have no goo! reason to complain of short crops in thissection. Yours, &, GEO. M. FAEEWAN. James Gorpon B wuurr, Esq , New York. P. 8.—apples are quits abuadact, but not so large as somo years, as the protracted drought affected them somewhat. G. MF. VERMONT. FROM GOVERNOR RUBINSON, Bannixetox, Vermont, Sept 7, 1854. Dear stn—In reply to your letter of the4th inst, in ree,ect to he effect of the drought apon the crops ia this part of the State, I have toinform you that hay was about two-thirds, and wheat, rye, outs aud barley three- quarters of the ancual aversge yield. Gurly plated corn, upon good Iané, will yield two thirds, aad potatoes half & crop. Potsto vines, pertisularly lato planted, look fresh and green, notwithstsnding the tong contiou unceof thedrovgtt, and wih occasi nal showers, 6 ch sw ve bid on tae 4d and 6th inst , the crops may oxcsed the above estimate. More potatoes were planted this vhan the pest year;and more epring greia was so~n, which eill, to some extent, ecmpensate the deficioncy in the yield Very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN 3. ROBINSON. 5. G. Baxyert, Eéitor New York baraup. FROM THE SECRETARY OF STATE. MonteRuee, Sept, 16, 1864, Sin—After é€igent inquiry of reliable men from the various coun‘ies in the central and western parts of this State, embracing about two-thirds of the State, an! com- perirg statemects, Tam somewhat prepared to reply to your cirouler soliciting information in regard to the do- ficl: ney of cropa this seavon in Vermont, which I should put doen as follows :— 1 ‘he hay crop, on the averago, is sbont ono-fourth leas than leat year; but so much better secure, that it is suppoeed that it wil! keep as mach stock throagh the winter, ard o should be placed very near a gonoral aver- 90 of this crop. 2 Potstoes, though perhaps « quarter lees in quantity than of late years, are much suoerior in quality, and there being no loss in dry rot, after they are dag, it is believed they will be worth as much, and perhaps yield qui’e as many bushels of sound potatoes as of late yoars. 3. Cora crop one-fourth less than an average. 4 Apples one-half less then last year. 5. Oats, wheat, barley, kc , a full average. 6 Fall feed is poor; and this will constitute the great: eat lose by drought in Vermont. In haste, D. P. THOMPSON, Secretary of Stato. J. G. Buywzrt, Esq , Pditor of the Bznarp. RHODE ISLAND. FROM THE SECRETARY OF STATE. SSCRETARY’S OFFICR, PRoviDENcs, September 20 1854. Dean fim—Your circular letter of the fourth iastant has been received, andIam bappy to farnish you with tuch informstion relative to the crops in this state as it is in my po ver to give. ‘The crop of grass, always an important crop to the farmer, ond intimately convected with the matter of is in this State, the preseot season, unusually large, and has been secured in good order and con sition, The crop of corn has bern, ia some localitivs, where thesoil is bght and dry, somewhat affected by drought, bat the long continued hot weather, so necessary to the growth snd perfection of his plant generally, has in other moist snd rich scils fully compensated the injary Gone to the crop by the drought in this State. the Grought did not set in, either, unt] the corn had grown #0 large as io shade the ground and thereby, sited by the night dew. enabled to oscape, toa great extent, the bad efecta of the severe dry weather. I think that tue crop of Indian corn will in this State be about an average one, and that the bad effects of the late dry weather upon this crop will be found everywhere to have beon greatly overrated ‘The potatoe crop has also, ta very dry lani, been some- what injured by tse very hot woather and consequent drought; but the universal freedom from th» rot this eeacon in this Sta‘e will I think, more than make up for the demage done by the drought. Aod when wa take into consideration the fact that a much larzer than the ususl quantity were, in conrequence of the high price of this article the last year, planted the present scason, yornnot doubt that there will be more sand potatocs Ielsed and brought to market ia this State the present Yeor than there bes been in either of the last five years. ‘Fhe fine refreshing showers which wo have had in this month of September has given @ good start to tae fall feed, and promises to inaure a large supply of the article of fall butter. Upon the whole, I think there is little danger of a fa- mine this year, and apecalators, who base their cal culations upon such a supposition, will be tn danger of burning their fidgers. Yours very respectfully, Wat. R. WATSON, Secry, of State. SUMMARY OF THE NEW ENGLAND CROPS. We add the followicg vaiuable article from the Bostoa Timesi— THE ChOPS OF MASSACHUSETTS AND NEW ENGLAND. Bosrox, Sept. 21, 1864. Eorron ov nm Bostox Tiwes— . The Boston Mail of yesterday morning contains the clowing:— Mr. W. P Fi, in @ long letter tothe Naw Yoni Henaip in reference to the crops of carent grvias it tats © uptry, puts Cown the crops of wheat, rve barley at two thirds of an everage, and corn at tire aucete # of erage. This shows that Mr. Hilcou’t know what be istelkiog shout Wheat, rye aad barley wore general’y harvested before ‘he droaght hal affec'ed them ip soy great cegree, and they are all full average crope—the wheat evan beyond the the corn crop that has suffered much by drought ia the Ww 0© \atof corals. If the editor of the Mail had taken the palas to read my letter to the Naw Youre Aguacp before relieving him- welt of the above paragraph (su characteristic of his well kurwn disposition to find fault with everybody in gn tel. avd to bite some one ia particular, at losat ay often ea once a duy), he would have discovered that I estimated the crops ot wheat ry@ und bariey, ia the ‘bree southern Ne« Eogtand ~ta! it just abuut @ fuil avert ge (‘aking the coasus revu: 1890 ‘or a basis of compariven), and those in te three northern ones ut peerly ax aversge lo the latter | made a larger dedue ton, for the reason that ia Ne # rismpst acd M the ‘drought wus uaususlly severe, wad co forte ight esriiey shan in Massachusetts, Connecticut and hhove Island; wotle these crops ia the three aorthora ue nensed States are usvally a week or twolater in mstaring Hece ie my es imate ot the whea: aod re crops sad the re marks adced to it in toe New Yorx PxRALo letror:— Warat AND ity LN BUSHEL ——1850. Estimated for 1864. Wheat Wheat. Rye 004 2296, 259 260,000 8,000 270 000 175,000 435 060 140,000 8u,000 450,000 49, 6,000 41,000 600.000 Rye. 102,016 188, 147 176,238 491/621 26,400 600 803 New Hempehire 186.668 Vermont... ....685, 956 Massachusetts .. $1,211 kbode Island..." 49 Coppeetiout,.... 41,172 Total ......1,Q00,b04 1.670 680 940,000 1,496,000 The above shows a sling off from the whest crop of 1hd0 oF 150.885 busbel., aud fromthe rye crop of tuat sr0 74,080 ousbeis, giving a total decreases in both of 5.414 Dosbews oraboutooe twelfth. This is not avery fous love, and mes have cena more than compeusat e0 tor by 80 adr ions) qvactity of Land ealsivacet ‘The prevent cr bewos, oats barley, and buck « heat were ® full average, as com Psred with the cenous returns of che crops of 1859. ut bhecorp crop, 1 *poke as follows: “Ithink | am cafe in estin ag Massachuse'ts corn crop at three fourths of av average ove = In M anc New Howpshure it has suffered wore severely felon have beex cut op for for der; but this 1s 0 usualoceurrence there, os few fa-mera fost a a of a crop ip the poorer ugricultur-I regions, exporting either to lose their corn by drought or an rarly frost. Eati mating the corn crops of New Hsmpsbicw and Vermont at two-t! irde, Maine at one-balf Mrseschasetts, Con- reeticut and Rhode tsinnd st trom two thirds to three fourths the quantity raived 1n 1860, wo arrive at the following estimate for the present as compa:ed with that year— 1860. 1854. 1 760,056 8M 000 1,578 670 1,000,0°0 1,400 000 1,900,¢00 400,000 1,600,000 Rhooe Irisad Connecticu: Total...... «2-10 176,846 7,060,000 8,125,856 ‘the above table shows a decrease from 1849-50 of 2,126,566 ourhele, or neerly one third, in the waole New Eng and corn croo of the present year he fcliowing table wae given in reeapitulation of my 8) Decrease. 900,056 estimeted comparison of the yield of cereals for this year with 1840:— 1854 940,090 1,496,000 7,080,000 3,125,856 460,691 Bush wheat rn « « “ 7 “( buckwhoat., 716 (44 Toral for N. Fng. 22,519,838 19,168 508 3,861,330 The above shows an aggregate deficit in the whole quantity cf cereal prooucts of the present yoar, as com. pared with 1860, of about 14 per cent, or one seventh, peorly all of @Lich 1s w Indian cora the prodaction of th s crop in Now Engiavd, increased from 1840 to 1850, from 6,098,866 to 10,176,860 beshels, or nearly 60 per cent Under oraier: cireumstaaces, this would aliow 8p iporeare of five per cect per annum, or 20 p»r coat for f.ur year over too crop of 1850, whch would more then compensate tor my es imated 14 per cont loss by Vhs Orougnt against thi- I heve alroady aituced to the searoty of labor, & , and must ‘eave ti the reader to make their own deducti wm: It wali be obrer: arrived et the samo conclu- tion thet the Mail I did not, to wit: that nearly the whole decreas @ ta tas New Eogland orops of the present year eis Tudianeorn. This shows that the Mau did not know what it war teiking about + Herat and Yours, respec:fuliy, Wt WILL, [Yor the Peonsyt 10 THE Seme illiberal pe-von, whoeh traps court martial on Cant Dewning, » mole upon one atreaty strick- en down 95 anexpe ty to the purlc as to hivisoll, bee concocted ond published an article outragicg truth and Geoency It is not the fact, nor was there even « shsrow of proof that Cupt Downing ewr oid or could bave received ny w oney other then that which was le hip of fous offi uring 1 gitimately bis eve a0 ad transactions on boar are pubic. and must be kuown to the w yd in the duties of the suip thorized to us-ert that it is p owoieg ever bargaiced for, or reorived, any pecuniary compensation life of Adodrat Coc; neither hax be ever received a letter from that gentleman siace the setarnof the Jamestown. tLe conduct of Capt Downing was prompted and gov: erned by @ sense of bomanity and duty, believing he was bound to conform to the well known sentiments de clared by the Prosicent in his inaugural addrews : ‘that American citizons must he protec'ed anywhera aud bere.’? It is posible that the numerous slanders ted to this country during the abs-nce of the town may have exerted an influence upon his jadges, and determined @ majority to inflict a sentence, telieved by the writer to be unsupported by evidence, ‘upjust and cruel THE DOWNING COURT MARTIAL. ‘The trial ct Captain lowning occupied a considerable porti n of time ‘ast summer «at our Navy Y: Tho matter attracted some attention, but not ax much as it deserved. The charge sgainst Ca stain Downiag was one of the most disgrscefal that could ne made offver. 1 is offence was base in the extreme, and by his cvnduct be brovght on odium upon the American fisg which lap will not eradicate in toe minds of the people of south Averica He ma cle fpr the money which himself pocketed @ portion of the Judas-golt Comm core Cre acted the part of Arnold and sold him selt apd the vessels of the squadron which he command: ed to the ooporing forces of the Argentine Ly, nari the confidentisl assistant of his treason was Commodore Downing of the United ~tates Navy Our gallant post captsin protected the gulity wretch. and, in order to sereen him from the veogeance which even there me- naced him, he carried the traitor away in our ves el to & place of enfoty, aud made the property of the Ameri can governmect a prctection avd a convoni+nee for one who was lo-t to every sen-e of hovorand shame. A per centage of the treason m:noy was the reward of Commo core Dowpiog for this nefarioas deed. Tre pecactent charge against him before the court mactisl was his comp icity with this affair He has been found gaiit by & court mertial and sentence! to bo cashio: | exceforth let the Gager of scorn be poiated at Samuel W. Dowzing. ct devant captain in the United states Navy. Broken ano diegraced, he will be an object for the hatred and contempt of his felow- citizens. ivels fale * Coroner's Inquest, FATAL ACCIDENT.—Michael Movermot, who was sevorely injured on Frioay bs a horse and cart ranning ageinst him in Spring stiect, died yesterday at his ros dence No. 35 Hammersly street Coroner Hilton heid an inquest open the b-dy of tne deceased yesterday aftsracon eben dence was adduced goiog to show that the horse had been left in an ineeourc manner in the »teeete ; that the suimal took fright ant ran towards the river, in his conrse coming toto collision with the coscasad, korcking him down and injuring him fatally. ‘he jary rendered a verdict that the (eceaced came to bis cesth by & rupture ot the large lorestines, from «blow in the abdomen from the wheel of a cart belonging t» Peter Rowe, while the borse attached to ald cart wasin the act of moving sway, he paving beea left feeding in the street in a very careless nd insec ire mann+r ‘pon the renoi ion of the verdict a warrant was issued for the ar Test of Kowe. Founp | rowxep —The bo’y of Augustus Funbert, who has been missing for some days, was found yester- day floating in the Fast river, near pler No 14 An in- ques was hed upon the body oy Coroner Wilhelm when it appeared that the deceased rosided in Brooklyn, and workod st No 89 Fulton street. But nocause was shown for bis desth no marks of violeoce wan perceptible on the body, there’ore, it is preeumed that he asi lentally felloverboard The jury renderod a verdist that the de- ceared come to his death from some cause nakn> ¢n to them. The decoased was thirty dve years of age SUICIDE BY SHOOTING —2esterday Coroner Wilholm held av inquest upon the body of Ludwig Kline. a netive of Germany, who committed suicide at his residence, No. Tolvy street, by blowing his bratas oat with a past the deceased 81 Homm oe It apposrs that for seme time ad beeg very much addicted t> drinking liquor, and that he came on Wed: last in a drankeo state ani com- mer ced breaping up all cis furniture; aod thaton sat urday, jn @ fit of deapondency, he purchased a double bar- relled pistol, and going vp tata hls room elaced toc mazzle of the weapon ix bis mouth, pulled tae ‘rigger and blew vis broins out Verdict accorcingly loveased was 36 years of oge, and leaves a wile and family. DEATH BY THE CAVING IN OF AN EMBANKMENT —Coroner Gemble beld a ingest yesterday upon too body of man nomed Patrick Kave at the New York Hosvital, *ho came to bis death from injuries received by the caving in of an embansinent, while at work op a new seser vow in constrac ion at the corner of Ovk and Catharine streets, Verdict, ‘accidental dearh '* yeare of age, ana was born in Ireiaa4. Deceased was 46 A Dorr axp a Wepprne—.A few days sinco ws announced that a duel hed taken place between young thoy t, of *his ciry, and Alexavder Peacock, of Obicago, rear Alexandria, Ky, and sudseqoently the death of hort, from toe injnvies be had received. It wiil be re- membered that Pencock make his eseape, and it was not krown «bitier he had gove; but we learn that on Thursday Inst ede oe to this city aod effected a ti the young lady who was the cause ot A My were married yesterday —Cin- yt. 16, compromie the diff cima’ Ge twoly {NEWS BY Ti PRICE TWO CENTS. LEGBAPS. A SORTNIGHT LATEX F OM CAL‘FIRMA. Lage Shipments of Coli for this Port. HIGHLY’ (MPORTANT FRM MeXICo. THE INSURGENTS MABCAI G OV TUB Capital. Retreat oW the Government Fores, &e., &e., &e. Two Weeks Later News from Ca)ifornia. ARKIVs |, OF THE C5198 BTATES AT «kW OXLRANS— THE GRORGE LAW KY MOUT! VOR NEW YORK WiTe $1,900,000—I PORTANT PROM mKXLCO—ALVARAZ MAKCHING ON THE CAPITAL. Naw ORiKANY, Septeanbor 23, 1866, The sieamship United Sites bas arrived at this pect from Aspinwall, with the Ceiifornia meilg and dates ef September frst. She reports that the rteamship George Law was te have sald from sspiowall on the 17th instant for New York, with eight hundred passengers, the California nails and $1,900,000 ia specie—brought ever by the Joba L Stephons—on freight. The California news is unimportant Acapuloo dates of the fifth of September are to head by this arrival. Alvarez is reported to have entered the city of Uyntla, and was pushiog forward through the Guerrer, intendirg to march upon the City of Mexico, The insurgents bad had two un uecessful engagements with the goverment troops, who were retiring om the City of Mexieo. MARKETS. BAN FRANCISCO, bot diy 1864, Flour wes improving in velue, Guilogo being qaoted at $12.50 Bacon was worth 18% :¢ .to; mess pore quoted at $13.50; lard 12a ldcents; whinkey had docliaed te 20 cents. From Now Orleans. THY BLACK WARRIOR—THE YBLLOW’ FEVER. New Ontuans, Sopt 24, i454. The steamship Black Warrior asile to morrow, for Havara and New York, with a freight of 1,000 bales of cotton and $150 000 in specie. ‘The deaths by fever at tre hospital last week revhed one hundred and Afty, From Qucbee. EMBARKATION OF BKUTLISH TROOPS—ROZAL ASSENT TO THE RKCIPROO.TY BILL. Queso, Sept. 22, 1854. The Seventy-Grst regiment has beoa withdrawn from here, and embarked for Liverpool to-day, a Te not te bo rep’aced. Other troops will seon follow. The beciprocity bill has received the Royal assent. Almost a Duel. AN EDITOR CHALLENGED BY A UNITRD STATES SENATOR. PHILADELPALA, Sept. 24, 1854. Asharp personal correspondence har occurred Setweem United States Sesuzor Coo,er, of this State, aad Morten MeMichsel, Eeq., editor of the North Américan in conse quence of srticles published in that paper, reflecting om the city subscription to the Sunbury and Erie Railroad as having beon obtaiced by felso pretences and malversa- tion. Mr. Cooper adresse a note, asking Mr. MoM chael be language applied tobim = Mr. MeMichal im reply cd the right to question him, but seia he was lezally, morally and persovally responsible for that, aa foreverything that appearea in the North Americam Mr Comer cén} Hon F. Goat J: hngon, of Maryland, te act as bis friend, and a« the bearer of a challenge to Mr. McWickael, vbo arked two days for considsrstion. At the terminatlon of that time Mr, McMichael de- clined the mevting, en the ground that it was bie éuty ase public journalist to enimadvert upoa suck tra sections, and Le could not therefure be h-l' persva- ally reepeneth'e, Tt is intimates that the correapondence will be pub.ished in case of any fresh attack ia the Nor& American. By provision of the State constitation the sending of a challenge is maden misdemeanor to be punished with fir’ and impriconment, and makes ‘he challong:r ineom- retent to hold any office ef trust, bonor or profit. Seztous Accident to New Yorkers, SreinGrim, Sept. 24, 1864. JonatLan I, Wells and wife, of New York, and Alre@ Wells, of Greenfield, were all badly injured at Greonfel@ on Friday afternoon, by being thrown violently out of @ carriage, in consequence of the horse being frightened and ropning away, Mrz. J.L Wells, it is feared, is fa- tally wounded. Markets, New ORLEANS, Pept. 23, 1864. Our cotton market is unchanged, with an active de mand. Micdlirg is quoted at 810. NEW UBLEANS Sept. 24, 1864. ‘the cotton market is firm he sales forthe week were 12,500 bales. New Orleans middling quotei at 8c. The receipts fer the week amounted to 11,600 bees The stock of Amorican, ex :lusive of snip board, wae 45,000 bales. Flour du'l, at 8775. Corg beers, af 70c a 86c. Mess pork quoted ef $15. Tard frm; for nes 18. Bacon firm, at $1sc: Kilo ecffee, at ile. & o. S PRovipency, Sept. 28, 1854. Our cotton market is dull atd- unehao the wee market is dull, and five qualities are ecarce ‘The sales of the week are 81,400 lbs. Printing cloths—"here is ecntees anes, tno bat erpesiee makes are ea- tirely neglect d, an ices are dro } Seles of the week, 47,8(0 pieces, said Reciprocity Treaty in Prince Edward laland, The following is an extract of a letter from Hon. Geo. Co'es, Colonia! -ecrotury of Frince hdward iilsad Mr. Coles is seid to be a firm friend to reciprocity, and throu his talents and {efiverce the treaty will ne doubt be prempt}y accepted by tne government of Prince wae ove Le ® ‘a “The treety will, e in operation this fall, as our Legislature fs ates to meet on the 26th inst, G0 a8 to give effect to it ao far esour island is coac+raed; anj, in the meantime, the government here has givem orders to ell concerned net to molest the a fishermen, even it they should be found Aishiag witaia the three miles preeorived by the former treaty; andi hope the american gove-nment will admit our pe >duse duty free this fall We have a law now on our atutate allowing all articles thercin named—the samejert. oles as are osmed in the Kyey Sy eccwth aad pradac- tion of the United staves, to bo imported into this idan duty free, provided the like articles are admitted inte the United Mates free of duty Oar crops are better an oe Cee eg ag for spat em vay this @ the potatoes aro free from am in hopes will entirely escape.” sisi Personal Intelligence. Fi ARRIVALS. At the Vetropolitan Hotel—Hon. John How, Mayor St Louls; Mra Gen Kearney and daughter, St. Louis; Lon Pedro Hernander and family, Cubs; tre Wm L Maxcy ond daughter, lady of the ty of Mtate* Geo. Collior ona fomily, St. Louis; Hon Wim, Perkins? Conn. ; Captoin F Steel, United States Army; Col wicke, +t. Louis; Hon. b F ; alsbama; Ceptsin a &. Case, United States Army; Der Eliott, United States Aray; Captain R. 8, United Sta‘es Navy; 1, §. Lord and family, Sam Preacia? co; Don Minqual Gomries, Caba. * From Liverpool, in ship Isase Wright—A Smith, and ron; ¥re Tharston,Wm Santh, atest, Vapocusal From St Paul de Loando, in bark Isla de Cuba—Mr J Hermes and son. For Richmond, &o. Mim the weastorbh Js ‘or mond, &e., ew ip Jameston —F 8 Hopkins, J 4 Egerton, 4 Jewill, me etay, J B Cor David Revanlls, Lawis Triop G'J Smith, TA Hardy, f Hardy, Jr. © & Bishop, © 1 Williamson, Wm T Hernden, Wm Budd, Jr, Ambler ano lady, Mr Jordon and lady, W C Parsons aed Jady, Wm Wilder, Indy and children, Mrs Chadwick and three childven, Mis Tyler, Mrs Peilor, Mrs McLellan t, J M Botts, JF Jordan, J M Morzia, George Maskell Joha Fisher, © Hartaborn, Miss Kendall end a'ster, JG le went, Mr Dail, © Hall, DO Becker, Mrs Hal, Vies Wicks, Mrs Matthews ano teo shiliren, Miss Marg Moon, Mee True and child, HT, Cary and lady, W Prescott aod lady, Wm Ingrom, JSNott Kawa Rycer, AC Dunham F adv, Me Barker sod lady, Mr Me oned PH ies Mefovald, Mise Ward, Mra and Misa Wyette, Nise Graham, Cold D Helee, Mores lean, G 4 Dixon, P& James, Fenry Harries, & Loda, WJ Lorgal, 88 La Win Gur/ongos, HM Hantly aud lady, & simoade Tavic, Jasj er Cornirg, JS Soen), T Gilbert, F MoMa ler, AI, Porter, J HL Calswell ant lasy—50 in the a'oara For Chutleston, in the stewmnabl Sm ar J 7 Por. toous avd Indy, VL Cuthbert, JL Utheaar, © 3 B41 wards, TH Jobroon, B Qaurdeact, Mes AO Jacobs, Mise © sendom, Miss Cromastts, J Saodom, HG inner, Taoe Lynch, © Toobey, lady and throe cbidren M Bucos, Mew © Bolt, Wa Beorh and Indy, Jon Pailison and laty, BA Steward and lacy, WO Forsyth, C Larkslio. Dr Miller, a prominent phys’clan of Flat Bo ir. hon convty, Kontuci y, was recently tound Soar gh ne side of his hor ¢, b th having been killos by igh aiag.