The New York Herald Newspaper, September 15, 1854, Page 4

NEW YORK : yaues GORDON BENIEDS, PROPRISTOR AND EDITOR. avs M. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON SPS. [S, cash wm advance. REV HERALD 3 conte per EEKLY HBR. 1 copy 81 ra EKLY ALD every Sater ribbone, &>., which they wiR proceed to ssl! to | and tarned our unfortunate con-ul over to one day. For. stateme tof proes at wh oh tre ead ing goods were sold w» refer to the sewenth page. Messrs. Van Wyct. Kobb- & Townend held a large catalogue sale of nee \'e mork and embroider! owhich attracted a . ood and spitived company. The catalogue comprised 1,341 low. With very few ex” er tie sents | ceptions all were sold, ani at sstiafactory prices ; nev copy, or $3 per annum j the Stas on ok oda and many of the more desirable and better class of wou fe any part ef Great Britain Gaatinens both tetnclade sestoge FULUNT4RY CORRESPONDENCE oontaintng impor: tmnt news solictted from any quarter of the werld—if used wwall be liberally paid for. ‘Oum Foneies Connesron- OFS AKE PARTICULARLY REQUESTED TO SBAL ALL ENS AND PACKAGES SENT UB. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENIWG. @ASTLE GANDEN—Nowws BROS DWAY THEATRE, Ryexv Busan. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery--Tus Wren PIBLO'S Brosdway—xaxnerre anv Jaaxnor—Di- weatieeusnT Vor-au-Venn, BURTO"'S, Chambers street Grane om Taris—Mip- aan Nigh os DReam. e 4ATIONAL THEATRE Chatham streee—Luur, cue Laponek -Pesnion any Famine, WALLACK’S THEATRE, Brosdway—Hon at Law— ‘Daw Win omen. AWERICAN MUSEUM.—Afternoom -From Viut.sor ro ouns—The Tairon oy Tamwonrn.—Rveming—Ooasican Baornrns— Main oF THE MOU eran. vate Nm. 254» roaéway.--Tua Wive- Brack } goods rold better than goods of a similar desvrip- tion did at previous salea of the season, Messrs. Wilmerdngs & Mount held a catalogue | sale of ojlcloths and woollen carpets, which they considered one of the best o! the kind they had beld the present season, as far as prices were concerned. Woollen filling ing ains sold at 30: a 3h0.; da do. figured do. 25c.@ 29¢.; cotton ingraln 22c. a 260.5 woclien worsted 45c. a 64u. The oilclotha were eld tyles and perfect goods, and were auld by the square yard at 32 36c., which was considered to be very Javerable terms. Messrs. Wailmerding, Hoguet & Hambert held a catalogue sale of French goods an@ Paglish agi German Losiery, dc. The sale drew a fair com: peny. Some lots Por the general ran of the goods sold fair prives were obtained, though rather more favorable purchasers than previous sales of similar gooce the pres- ut semson. MISCELLANEOUS, The Amezican Board of Missions, now in cess on WOOD's MINSTRAL HALL, 444 Broadway—Ermorsax | gt Hartford, was yeoicrday engaged ia an exciting Besyrecisy ann Bunresque Orens BUCKLEY'S OPRRA HOUSE, 589 Brosdway.—DBucx. ww's Ernsoriay Orne T ve. MECHANICS’ HALL, No, 472 Broatway.—Nzeno Min. ware. STUY VESANT INSTITUTE, No, 6£9 Broadway.—Sanv- wwan'e Ores Trove. EBAN CONT’S NIPPODROME, Madison equare.—Equzs TAIANW Peo rokNsrcns THE RUROPEAN MAILS. ‘The mails brought by the steamship Niagara from Liverpool reached this city about one o'clock this moming. Opon a careful exploration of our files we find that all the news of importance has been an- Mieipated by our telegraph’s sammary from Halifax, published yesterday and the day previous. Owiag to the late hour at which we received our corre:pon. dence we are compelied to defer its publication. NEWS FROM WASHINGTON, Our despatches are important. It is said that in- formation bas reached the government from our Min!ster at Madrid, to the effect that the now regime of Spain has agreed upon terms for the sale of Cu- ba, and ales that both France and Eng!and acqniesce im the transfer. if this be true the particulars will doubtless s0n be made public. Tae ratifications of the recip ocity treaty with the British North Ame- rican provinces were exchanged on Saturday last. ‘The time for the sitting of the m'xed eommission, at London, for the settlement of claims of citizens of @reat Britain and the United States upon those governments, has been extended four months from the 15th inst. THE SING SIN® PRISON ATYATR. The recent arrest of the agent and elerk of this institution oo rges of perjury created no little excitement in ain circles, and rumors were cur- rant of all sor ’ roguery having been committed by all sorts of oflicia’s, high and subordinate. [t eppears, however, that Genesal Storms, one of the Btste Prison Inspectors, has investigated the affair, and elicited all the facts connected with it, from which we learn that the clerk, a young man named ©. C. Onilés, Jr., eon of one of our well-known citi- vene, has been in the hab't of signing receipts for connected with the prison in their absence, as an acoommodation, and at their request. Ona recent occasion he had so signed a receipt, and both the clerk and the agent swore to the correctness of the record. Upon this circumstance Mr. Wells, formerly an ofticer in the prison, based a complaint of perjury. A hearing before a magistrate woon te charve resu!ted in the &cquittal of tre accused. Mr. Childe will no doubt be more cireumspect here- after. FATAL RAILROAD ACCIDENT. 4s the mail train on the Hudson River Railroad was passing within a few rods above the Troy Nail Factory yesterday moruing, shout 7 o'clock, a man Was obsei ved walkiag on the track. The engineer ®ave the vsval signal of alarm, but the unfortanate iatividual did not heed it, and was thrown olf. The tain waa stopped and backed as soon a3 possible, when the man was found quite dead, his body strip- ped of all clothing, and his brains scattered upon the track. A crowd of persons quickly assembled, bat noone seemed to recognise him. The accident occurred on 9 straight track, where the train could have been soen three quarters of amile. We would eantion persons who risk their lives by walking on railroad tracks that there is greater danger of being wun down while facing the wind, as a train may ap- proach very close without being heard. MARINE DISASTZRS. The gale of the JOth instant proved a severe one to all yesoeis thot happened to be within its range. fm another column we give an account of the loss ef the ship Shenandoah, while on her passage frou Liverpool for this port. Her crew, with the excep: tion of the first officer, who unfortunately perished, wes picked up at sea by the brig Brilliant, which arrived i this port yesterday. Under the smari- time head may 2180 be found a long list of disasters, devoivng the destraction of human lite and property 0 a vast amount. The stenmship Franklin, @skore near Moriches, fe reported to he rapidly breaking Hp, all hopes of getting her off having been abandoned. 4 portion of her machin: ry has been saved. AFFAIRS IN THE CITy. The anniversary of the entrance of the American army into the city of Mexico was celebrated by the officers and others erevgod{"In the late war, by a dinner at the Prescott House, last evening, The ar zanzements of the committee were excollent, ANd everything admirably adapted to make the occasion pleasant and agreeable. A report will be found in snother eo!nmn. ‘The Board of Aldermen passed a great number of papers last evening, and concwred in a considera We quantity of reports on assessments from tho Councilmen. There was a little bit of a breeze be- wreen Aldermen Howard snd Mott, but it did not eamourt to more than the usual complimentary re tarna which pass between those gentlemen. In the seport of the Committee on the Fire Department rowdyiam and raffiauisin met with a wholesome check, by expulsions and suspensions of offenders agaivat the peace of tbe city, which were concurred in by the Board. Yesteréay morning a fight took place sinong the “fancy,” in which Tom Hyer and Johnny Ling were the main actors. A pistol was fired a! the breast of ‘Hyer, whore life was saved by 8 man named Lozier throwing bis arm before the muzzle of the weapon and receiving the bali io his arm. The affray grew out of an old grudge, which has existed for many years, between the Hyer and Sullivan factions of the fighting men. We give» full account of the affair elsewhere. At meeting of the Commissioners of Hmigra tion on Wednesday statistics were read showing that the emigration to this port from the Ist of January last up to the 12th instant, has been 217,662, being ‘an incroase of 22,505 over the corresponding time of jast yea. This is a good growth tor seven months. STATD OF THE MARKETS. Fancy ond extra grades of flour were yesterday 25 eents per barrel lower, while common brands remain ed about the same. Corn was unchanged, with more doing. Cotton sold to a fair extent, without altera tion in prices. Dealers were waiting for the Niaga- ra’s letters. Sugars were fivm, with increased transactions. Messrs. Coffin & Haydock held ancther large catalogue sale yesterday of new and desirable French goods, which comprised 1,159 lots All were sold except the large ling of millinery goods, j instance of outrage may comp a sapplement, debate upon the report of 4 committee recommend ing the Board to refuse to obey the laws of the Choctaw Nusion of. lndlans, wii b laws forbid the education 0° slaves, and aleo very properly forbiy abolitioniste remaining at any of the missions What willthe “highe: law” fanatics attempt next! Our Relations wich the Datch Government Secretary Guunric and the New York Cas tom House, The case of Captain Gibson is pot t aly the part of the Datch colonial governments upon our citizens, com- merce end interests. Jor years the refusal of the King of the Netherlands to recognise Ame- rican consuis or commercial agents in his colo- nies has been & suject of complaint and a cause ofinjury, not on'y to our citizens abroad, who are thus left unprotected whilst pur- suing their legitimate busioess, but also 0 means of enabling the greatest frauds to be perpetrated by thoee so disposed upon our revenue. This has recently been brought promine: tly to the attention of the government al Washington by the spirited and intelligent stand taken by Mr. James 1 Young, United States commerciai agent ai Cu- oa, and which has led to his having been uelly forced to withdraw from the island. A brief statement of the facts of the case will show that whilst the merchanis of Curacoa, im- ting goods to the United States, and espe- ially to the port of New York, set the laws of Con zulating such importations at de- fiance, the Custom Heuse authorities here, for reasons not yet explained, and which require a charitable supposition to hope cau be explained upon any theory favorable to their integrity, permitted this violation of law, in the face of the most urgent remonstrances from Mr, Young. Under the general law of Co the subject, it is declared that. It shail be the duty ef every master or commander of a ship or vessel, belonging to citizens of the United States, who hall sail from any port of the United States, on his arrival at toreign port, to coposit his register. soa letter and Sediterranesn passport with the Consul, Vice-Con ess regulating or depos P and pay five band Consul, &e., in hi aforesaid, he shull A dollars, to be recovered by t! own name, for the benefit of the United states, in any court of competent jurisdiction. And it shall be the duty of such Consul, &, on sach master or commander producing to him a clearance from the proper officerof the port where his ship or vaso! , 10 Aeliver to the said master or comiannder all ‘d papers. Provided, such master shall bave ith thix act, and those of the act which this ia It is also provided by law, and issued in in- structions, dated Joly 16, 1851, that— Jn all future importations of merchan lise, for account of non-resident owners, when the invoices’ are not a> companied by the Consular certiticate required by law, the gcods most be sent to the public stores, there to ramsin, at the ox cate aball be produced; and no bond will be take, as hereto‘ore, for the production of § In conformity with these instructions, Mr. { Young, upon his arrival at Curacoa, demanded the papers of the American vessels whick were loading for the United States. authorities there declared that foreiga consuls ss and risk o’ the owners, until the cortifi h certilicate, But the Daich were not r.cognized, and that unless the mas- ters of the vessels deposited their pasers in the Custom Tlouse there, they would be confiscated, | It also appeared to have been the practics to ignore the presence of the United States Consal as to the certifying of invoices and to have the certificates given by the Governor. Mr. Young, of course, protestel against such a usurpation of his atthoriiy, regarding it as an unwarrantable interference in the conduct and regulation of our own trade. however, that the authorities should not ret up a plea of ignorance, he caused Determined, of the island to be published im the papers tliore the circular of the United States Secretary of the Treasury, of September 20, 1343 which em- braceg the laws we have just qnoted. In defi- ence of this publication and his solemn protests, the brig Mary Adeline sailed for New York on the 23d of April last, without any certificate to her invoices of merchandise, The Consulat wrote to Mr. Redfield, the Collector of pert, apprising him of the violation of Jaw on the part of the master and shippers of the brig. To this letterno attention what- ever was paid, ond the vessel was permitted to land ber cargo without the certificate of the Consul. In July the Mary Adeline again ar. | rived at Curacoa, and on the 12thof the month she sailed for New York, in company with the bark Venus, neither vessel having complied with the law, and the Governor, instead of the Consul, having certified to their invoices. Mr. Young, nothing daunted by the failure of his former letter to meet with ony attention at Mr. Redfeld’s hands, again advised him of the re- peated violation of law, and also stated speci- fieally that goods had been shipped to Boonen Graves & Co, on invoices averaging from ten to fifteen per cent less than those shipped to Joseph Foutke Sons, No more attention was poid to this lester than to the former, and the gocds on their arrival here were discharged th the same facility as if all the require- ments of law had been followed by the ship- pers, instead of having been violated. Mcantime, Mr. Young, receiving no encour- agement from his government for endeavoring to do hisduty, and finding the authorities of Curacoa and the traders in league to defeat his efforis and eet his instructions at defiance, re turned home, reaching here on the 15th ult Immediately upon his arrival he waited on Mx Nedfield to know why his letters had met with no attention, and the cause of the cargoes of the Venus and Mary Adeline having been passed in the face of biy remonstrance, and without the legal papers necessary for their discharge. Mr. Redfield, of course, knew nothing about the matter—probably having no very distinct ap prebengion aa to Curacos being entitled to oc cupy any attention, unless ina Rqnid state— of bis deputies, Mr. Wa'dron. But ly thie time Mr. Young made up his mind to lay the whole matter before be Secretary of the Trea ury, and he therefore repeired to Washington, and stated his case. : The resu't of these proceedings has been the issuing of instructions to Mr. Redficld, dire slog him to hold himse'f responsible that no more irregularities occur of the character complain- ed of. He is to recognise no invoices unless certified to by the consul. The bark Venus is daily expected, and we will see whether these instructions will now be carried out, and the cargo locked up unti) the laws are complied with. Mr, Guthrie, however, does not fullil his duty in simply directing that for the futare the subordinates in the Custom House shall not violate the law of the land. An investiga- tion should be had into their previous conduct, and the charges of fraud made by Mr. Young, should, in justice to all parties, be probed to the bottom. , It is 9 little singular that whilst the Nether lands government have hereiofore refused io recognise consuls and commercial agents, they, at the same time, expect and enjoy all the advaniages and protection to their commerce in the establishment of consulates tu the United States, and their recognition by vur government. Mr. Zimmerman, the Dutch Consul General, and his vice consuls, claim the yigat to hold all the papers of the vessels of their country arriving in our ports, and the consular certificate is appended to all their in- voices. A commercial treaty, or a projet, has { been drawn up between the goverument of the Hague and Mr. Belmont, which, it is under stood, provides for the future for the matual recognition of consuls, and, if consummated) it will do much towards removing the difticulties which have heretofore existed in the trade with the Netherlands colonies. Mr. Marcy intends to send the projet back to have cortain amend- ments made to it, and it is expected it will be submitted to the Senate for ratification early next winter. A doubt is expressed, however, whether it covers the whole ground. The country will expect, in any arrangement, that Holland will place herself in as liberal a position as the United States have always oc- capied ; andif, in order to obtain thatend, a total cessation of intercourse is for a time ne- cessary, it will be more satisfactory than the present state of things, which openly winks at fraud and is carried on through the connivance of Custom House officials, who treat the law and their instructions with contempt. Mr. Young’s course docs not appear to have met the approbation of the traders in Curacoa or this city, as we learn that petitions have been sent to Washington for his removal. It is very natural, under all the circumstances, that the Consul should have fallen under the ban of these parties; but with all their influence, the goverament will scarcely be induced to remove an efficient olicer for doing his duty, and endeavoring to enforce a due respect for his instructions. A Grew ov Mesieat Crrrietsa.—We find the annexed bit of rhetorical perspicacity in a critique of “Norma,” printed in one of the “leading” papers of this city on Tuesday :— The music of Casta Diya was well observed, except at the n on the penultemate chords, where the com meacing was destroyed, aud a poor common-place ‘ituied. o maestros and singers are not com- porers, and, th and barba cae, One 0 beautifully ox ayer ligious intensity, and the response in exact # tr mmedintely before it, was ruined by an alie: . As Beilin’ wrote, itis b natural ¢, b tat g, then the closing f. The first half tone in that position, the sentiment considered, is exquisitely eloquent, and y ely to thee f of tho antepennltimate pluase. Geuius cannot mend this, but the vulgerity which demands a more positive note for the b nacural, gives us & gaudy irumpery e an accented climax, whish the composer did not want, and would have shrunk from. We are aware of the difficulty of conveying any- thing like criticism in a newspaper, snd go ont of ‘ihe way here to indicate one of the many acts of violence done to melody, which cannot be altered from the way which genius treats it. Let it be remembered, says Carlyle, (we give the spirit of his words,) that one genias fees more deeply, and expresses more clearly, than all the men of talent put together. We give this in charity to many people who were at Castle Garden on Monday, and did not notice, at the time, the glaring fraud perpe- trated by Mme. Grisi upon the public; here she, also, can find her turpitude set forth'in ali its naked deformity, and we trust that she will “go and sin no more.’ One cannot but ad- mire the clearness which marks the critic’s statement of the facts in the case; and Carlyle, who is noted fer being considerably less trans- parent then mud, is also brought in to astonish the unlearned reader. ‘My dear child,” said Mrs. Jones to her daughter, “ what a duck of a man our new minister is!” “Why?” inquired the damsel. “Oh! he preached such a great sermon to-day—so full of long words that none of us could understand it!” The “flat g” critic will pass for a great creature at the small family tea parties of the Mrs. Joneses, but sensible people would prefer that he should “) natural,” and throw pedantry and technical terms “ to the dogs.” Lrent Wantep.—When are we to have 9 public ratification in Tammany Hall of the regolutions and State ticket of the soft shell free coil Syracuse Convention? Does Govern- or Seymour accept? What caused the pain- ful and sudden decease of the True Morning Glory{ Who billed Cock Robin? Light wanted, Rercpatixe Tan Kyow Norumes-~All the democratic candidates for the October election in the city of Philadelphia, have come out in a letter repudiating the Kuow Nothings. Read the document in another part of this paper. This is a good example for the hards of Stuy- vesant Institute and the softs of Tammany Hall, They are both behind the bush upon this sub- ject. Tie Mate Exxcrroy axp ‘te SewaRp Wintos.-—We understand that the Seward whige count largely upon the results of the political fusion of whiga, free soilers, &&., in the Maine election, when the party of this State shall come to talk over the matter at Syracuse. Let the Know Nothings of Wall street be on the qui vive. Guory Exoven—-We are informed that Major Borland, late Minister to Central Ame- rica and Greytown, has retired to the shades of private life in Arkansas, where he intends abstaining henceforth from all the political ex- citemente of the day. He has had glory enough. Preven Line or Ocean Steamens.—We are to have a French line of screw steamers, It i: afixed fact. The line isto begin with five steamers, and will commence its trips in No- vember. Monslear P. Lefevre, the director of we line, is in the city, perfecting his arrange- ments for thiscountry. We shall have more to ny of this enterprise to-morrow. The Amazon Fastin am@ Pts Advantages—A New Mival ce Liveria. We prblished some time ago a criticiem from Brizil newspaper upon the reports of Lieutenants Maury, Herndon and Gibbon, U.S. Navy, on the Andes ant Amazon basin. The writer of that criticism censured the glowing ac- counts thus officially s;read before the world, of the advantages of the Amazon avd the im- mense field which could there be opened for the enterprise and capital of the American people. He declared them for the most part illusory, and warned the credulous from plac- ing faith in theromantic writings of the Chief of the National Observatory and his subordi- nates. A copy of Lieut. Gibbon’s report has since been received by us, and we find that he is not obnoxious to the censure of having given too glowing a description of the Amazon, as his work is strictly confined to the Southern tributary of that river—not treating of the main stream at alle Commencing obserya- tions at the division of the naval party at Tarma, in Peru, and closing them on reaching the mouth of the Madeira, in Brazil, he has oc- cupied essentially other nd. We understand the Navy Department has granted permission to Lieut. Gibbon to pub- lish, unofticially, notes on the Amazon; and he is now preparing a new edition of his interest- ing journey through South America, with these netes appended. We have seen a portion of this new matter, and as it embraces a widely different opinion as to the commercial advan- tages to be anticipated from opening the trade of the Amazon, it is of no little importance to the public seeking the facts of the case, and de- sirous of being properly and correctly informed as to the real nature of the advantages so per- tinaciously pressed upon public attention by Lieut. Maury for two er three years past. Lieut. Gibbon, in his notes, remarks:-—— Owing to the present undeveloped agricultural and commercial interests of the valley of the Amazon, the people there hail the appearance and feel thankful to the supreme authorities for exertions to establish a line of steamers from Para to Nauta, in the territory of Peru. It fs considered that the present trade of the whole Ama- zon valley falls far short of the capacity for transports tion of the two steamers now on that river. The government of Brazil is doing more for the people on the banks of the Amaton than they would or could do for themselves. It has been matter of eurprise that an European popu. lation should have been lingering on the banks of the Amazon for centuries. The experience of a single India rubber gatherer teaches us that the climate, xoil, tim, ber, animals and yegetable life, are not such as to en. courage the laboring white man. if we consult the narratives of travellers and notes of actnal settlers for years long past, we find less industry among the whites of the present day, than was known among the Portuguese and Spaniards at their first settle- ment. A large white population have passed the en- trance of this rich and productive basin, and procecded to the south temperate zone. Spain, France, and Por tugal have becn drained of some surplus population by Chili, South Brazil, and the Argentine Confederation. flave owners, native to the soil of Brazil, prefer any other part of the empire to that of the valley of the Ama- zon; and since the abolition of the African slave trade, the demand in the southern provinces has been partly supplied from the province of Para, So far a4 the black race have been employed in the valley of the Amazon, they and they alone bave proved adapted to its climate, soil and productions. They thrive better on the tropical fruits of this fertile valley than their wild African an cestors. Judging the well formed black races—the clear, bright eyes and sleek skins, accompanied by an almost perpetua) smile—they are destined to occupy a conspicuous position in the future developement of the valley of the Amazon. Here is found the climate best suited to the negro. He works at the sugar plant, and seems perfectly happy in the poonday sun, He floats out on the broad surface of the great riyors, and sings a song which cheors him at his labor. Here he is amphibious: for he seems as con tented in the water as ont of it. ‘There fs no part of the world in which a nation of black people could possibly be more at Lome than on the banks of the large streams of this great valley. The south east trade winds of the South Atlantic Ocean blow from the land of the savage \frican across the sea, and into the very mouth of the Amazon. The great ocean’s current flows from the western shore of Africa, snd wasBes the eastern side of the Amazon basin. The wild Africa, blown of from his own savage shore, and left to the mercy of the winds and the waves vy laws which govern the sea, drifta towards the shore of this country. On landing ho finds a climate yery hot, but more moist than that Africa—hence greater abundance of tropical fruits, which delight his faney, and this appears to him s landof plenty. He leaves the dry, dusty path through the deserts of Africa, and paddies his canoe on the greatest river roads on the surface of the globe. This is not a strange land to the savags African. His forefathers camo to this valley centuries ago. They came simullaneously with tho white race of Europe, The northeast trade winds of the North Atlantic Ocean wafted the emigrant ship from the shores of Portugal to the outlet of this river. Here the civilized man took under his care the savage. Though he did so for his own benefit, it must bo ackmowledged he tavght the wild nogro the use of the plough, the loom and the anvil. Tho ‘old country’? of this new continent is the moun- tatnons portion of it. The ancient and powerful nations of South America were found there. We have no signs of atemple of the sun in this sem!-nanually flooded countiy. There was no great msn lke Manco Capac at ‘the head of @ nation of werricrs among the bushes, swamps and alligators of this portion of the unfinished world. There was no Cuzco for the white man to appro- priate to his own use, nor & government and religion to overthrow. Thore is very little danger of misunderstand- ing Lieut. Gibbon’s conclusions. They are to the point, and afford ample evidence that the Amazon valley has not remained almost a wil- derness for centuries, whilst all around it was peopled by the white race, from mere accident, but from physical cauzes, which drove the white taan to the coast and to the mountains, leaving the valley to the wild beasts and the negroes; a paradise lo them—an immense tomb to all be- sides, It is dne to the public that these facts should he known, and thus prevent, as far as possible, the evils which may arise from a false impres- sion as to the resources of the Amazon, from diamonds, silver mines, gold washings, and gum elastic. All these riches doubiless exist in the valley so poetically described by Messrs. Maury and Herndon; but to obtain them the same terrors have to be conquered as stare the traveller in the face when landed on the Guinea coast, or wandering beneath the dreaded upas, For the Black race it does not appear to have those terrors, and it may be worth the atten- tion of the philanthropist to ingnire whether ihe South American continent does net contain a territory more advantageous in ite climate and resourecs to the negroes than Liberia. To them the subject may be profitably turned over. But as far as the white race is concerned, it is evident that our enterprise must seck some other channel, and Lieut. Maury’s eloquence gome more healthy theme. Decturr in Breapsturrs—On Wednesday last flour went down in our market from fifty to seventy-five cents a barrel. One of our Wall street exchanges attributes this reduction to the late rains, which will set our country mills again in motion. Perhaps this may be the case ; but we are rather inclined to think that the splendid harvests in England and France, and the reduction of the price of flour at Liver- pool, have had something to do with the decline here, Wallstreet may be wiser; but this is our opinicn, Bacxnoye Wastsp.—Charles Sumner, in a recent free soil speech, said that the great want of the North wasawant of backbone. The Evening Post confesses as much concerning the resolutions of the late soft shell farce at Syra- cuse. It says that :— itless snd cowardly as was that portion of the tions which related to the Nel question; wholly inndequate as they were to express the views of the great majority of who were repressnted in that convention, and absolute as is the tisgust which every fair mind must feri at the pusillanimous and com. ising temper, to call it by no worse name, in which were drawn up, they yet condemn the great ineasare af 1) aduinigieatia-—t6e repeal of the uri Com. romise—as one for which there was no good reason nor ust occasion. And yet this lack of backbone was nothing to what we shall seein November. Does Gov Seymour accept? Emroratr N anp Breap.—We are admonish- ed not to overlook the four hundred thousand European immigrants per annum arriving in the United States, in our estimates of ihe crops, the demand, and the supply. This question is, however, easily settled. The European acces- sions to our population are but the transfers of s0 many bread consumers from the other side to this side of the Atlantic. Plentiful harvests in Europe, in addition to the American drain upon its population, will cheapen bread there beyond the necessity of importations. They may even turn the tide back upon us, as in 1835, should the speculators desire it. We_ shall see. The Ctreus on the Battery and the Opera in Castle Garden. Ove of our reporters was present at the opening of Spalding & Rogers’ circus on the Battery, on Mondey evening last. On entering the Battery the first thing that attracts attention ia a hrge tent, on the new made ground, or mud flats, close by the north side of Castle Garden. Both were illuminated, and streams of people were hurrying to each; but by far the greatest crowd thronged the en trance to the circus, where tickets were rapidly selling at twenty-five cents each. As both structures stood lighted up so near together, they bore a relation to each other somewhat similar to that existing between the House of Lords and Commons. Being of a democratic turn of mind, he paid his quar- ter and entered the grand circus, where he found seats formed of rough, and not very clean, pine or deal boards, without backs, rising one above another. In place of gas there was a chandelier formed of tin tubes, filled with good fish oil, and fed by a great number of long cotton wicks, which gave outa brilliant, but rather smoky light. This chandelier was square framed, and suspended around the centre mast of the tent by ropes and pulleys. The or- chestra was also illpminated by tin oil lamps. But, the greatest curiosity of the evening was the number and character of the people who crowded in to see the show. An immense stream poured in, untli every seat ou the deal boards, high and low, was occupied by a body of about four thousand or five thousand people, represeat- ingall classes and all occupations. Patrick, Mike, and Barney were there, with Bridget, Catharine and Marga. ret, their wives, sweethearts, cousias, grandfathers and grandmothers. There were present sailors, with big trowsers, shirts with open bosoms, big cravats, striped collars and glazed hats; who had fought gales in the Bay of Biscay, and weathered storms around the Horn. These sat vis-a-vis with canal boatmen and lake naviga- tors from Canada and the West. There were Dutchmen from the valley of the Mohawk, and Jersey marketmen, carmen, stevedores, laborers, ‘longshoremen; males and femates, who live by labor along West and South streets; fishermen and oystermen, captains, mates and crews of sloops, schooners and coasters, great and small ; steamboat firemen, stewards and stewardosses; indeed, people of al concelvable employments, and every variety of dress, va_ riegated by the sprinkling of a city volunteer company in “full feather;’’ some were in their shirt siceves, and some of the damsels were dressed with shawls heavy enough for midwinter, while others sported garments thin en .ag’ for the warmest day of the late ‘‘heatedterm.’’ In this im- mense mass there was no disorder, shoving or fighting; al! seemed in the best humor, and all determined to ve pleased, to laugh and to be amusedat everything. The man who sat on a deal plank behind us was in bis shirt sleeves, and behaved very well, and maie occasionally some sensible remarks. The young lad to our loft, with a woollen pea-jacket, who had a black-eyed girl at his side, was treating her to a lot of parched pea nuts, at the same time chewing them vigorously himself. A man in his shirt sleeves was peddling sticks of molasges candy, and another lank, long, oddly dressed character, was selling lemonade at six cents o glass. When the lac ques of the circus entered the ring to hoist the tin chandelier, the sailors, in hearty humor, joined in their well-known “he ob-hi; i-he-ch-ho,” which brought out uproarous laughter from everybody. There could be 09 compari. Son between the run, (Olle aNd EDJoy mens of tes UppET and lower house—the latter had the best of it byall odds, It the upper house were excited by a hap- py hit of Grisi, the lower house fairly exploded at the wonderful aztics of tho black horse and woolly poney, directed by Billy the clown. If the audience of the upper circle were elated by the atrains of Mario, the lower circle were transported into convulsions at seeing the baboon descend the centre mast and through the tin chandelier, and after perform- ing astonishing feats of horsemanship, alight and com- mence throwing sawdust and mud at som2 of the audience near the ring, whena fellow ina blouse dress retaliated; upon which the aforesaid baboon dragged him into the ring, and gave him a terrible mauling. Ifthe upper honse were astonished at the acting of Grisi, the lower circle were struck dumb with wonder at the performance of Mademoiselle Agacson the wire or slack rope. Ifthe upper circle gazed in cager curiosity at Miss Coutts, the lower circle shouted their applause in favor of the heroine in the pantomime of “ Puinam.’’ IfGrisi melted the hearts of the hardest musical critics by her happiest melodies and rapidity of execu- tion, the female and male equestrians of the lower circle performed such extraordinary feats of horsemanship, with double summersets, &c., a8 to produce # perfect thunder gust of cheers from four thousand throats. Curious enough, in this case not a policeman was to ‘be seen, nor, indeed, were any required, Not a drunken man Was seen or heard. All were orderly and peaceable, and left the place at its conclusion in good order, Their gencral deportment contrasted favorably with the class of people who make exclusive claims to bigher positions in society; where there is, however, often mush to con- sure and to condemn. In no instance wore the names of Washington, Jetfer- son, or the heroes of the revolution, and their acts, al- uded to, whether by the clown, or in their pantomimes, hat there was not one univorsal shout of applause, in which nono were more earnest than ihe hearty plaudits sent forth by the sun burnt jack tars. They all revered the names of Washiogton, Jeiferson, and our revolutionary fathers, and manifested their feelings in earnest applause. This feeling thoy kept up to the last scone, when the pantomime of General Patnam’s pattlo ended by hoisting a living representative of the veritable general, mounted cn a gray charger, standing on @ platform, which was raised from the grounlon the shoulders of a squad of soldiers, who marched with their charge around the risg to the tame of ‘Yan. Kee Doodle,”’ at the sound of which tho whele crowd rose to their feet, and the air was filled with cheers. Marine Affairs. ‘Tor Bix Day Sreamen—The steamship known as the alx day steamer is now on the sectional dock, coppering, and we would strongly advise thogg that are fond of looking at beantifully modelled vessels to embrace the opportunity of visiting her. It is the opinion of of our most sciontife naval constructors that she cannot bo surpassed for beauty, buoyancy and speed. Her frame is constructed of live oak, cheatnut and hacmatac, and planked and ceiled with Georgis yellow pine. She is thoroughly cress strapped with iron. In addition to the wo ordipary wooden kelsons, she has Aw ae ae erek i weait con beg in Rey ‘ony smee atiech Orie Webrliove she isto be tale t ¢ Bird of the propriate to her graceful appearance. .—Several French = ‘are about tract with one of our em! ‘inects “to build twelve oli ships, of about 1,500 Seon cody to be employed ia’ ine French trade. ‘The a soutennpetee colonizing New Shove ayant Tee. Atver comparing the ing there from. ar on i Once oF Comaseioxmn or JoRoRs.—It is not gen known that persons entitled to exemption from th formance of militia daty—such as aliens and mer forty-five years of age—can obtain from the Cor sioners of Jurors a permanent exemption, under ar act of the Legisisture. ‘Tue WeaTuen —We are certainly getting enough weatkerto meke up for the longdrought. All da; terday the skies were rhowery, and at times the came down lightly; but in the evening “it didn’t but it poured.” as the saying is The streets were ed, and well washed, with no thanks to the street tractors. Umbrellas were above par, and thin clo took a fall. If we sre to judge from the weather o terday summer has pasted. the “heated term’? is anc fallis uponus "he is certainly for th ter, for any smount of fa preferable to dry, sultry, times as we have pasecd thr Fatal Fail rrom 4 New Burpinc.—Yesterdey noon, about 6 o’clock,a man named Peter Carr work upon the new building in Centre street, near’ erecting on the site of the late conflagration street, fell from the #fth story, basement, in bis fall, etriking his head agains beams; and sew i a his head, dislocating his producing severe internal injuries He was immed conveyed to the City Hospital, where he now lies insensibdle condition. ‘ Munary E1gorion —At an e'ection of the Ninth ment of the New York militia, held on the 7th rk pe ey = promoted to ‘igual Colo! ce jal Sweeney, resigned, al ya promoted to the rank of Major, viee Major Shea, res Miurary Excursion —Last Guards, Capt Smi b, passed our from # target excursion to Fast New York. They accompanied by Shelton’s full band, and halting in of the Hina. office. gave usa miltary salute, whi band played & pat air. with many valuable pris aod well ah that the Fee Were not easily won. Thisisa pany, and Ceserving of much praise. WuHamsburg ony News. BastsRpy.—Mr. John Kaylar, arrested by Con Tennin, was tried aad convicted on a charge of bas befor® Justices Mansfield and Amar, on Wednesday comp)ainant, Mary Donnelly, had resided at the ho sccused (who is a married man) about two years. UNLICENSED GROGGRRIES. Mayor Wall is about ¢: the arrest of all unlicansed rum dealers (about 5 this city, who will be dealt, with according to law. Kinas Covnry Hosrrrat.—-Report for the week ¢ Sept: 12:+Remaiving in hos ital, of superinterden s, 116; born,6. Total, ferred to Almshouse, 2; do, to Nursery, £8; deceasod, 8. Total, 110. Remaining, 407 Two young femsles of questionable character, 1 Louisa Haderig and Catharine Fitzers, were yes’ Cid by Mr. Kikley, Superintendent of the Poor, to \ sland. Brooklyn City Intelligence. Coyyi01I0" AND SENTENCE ON AN INDICTMENT YOR In the Kings County Court of General Sessions Samuel Fee, a man of family, aged about thir years, was placed at the bar on an indictment for The person upon whom the outrage was committe German girl, about fourteen years of age. She: with the family of Mr Brinckmen, on the corner « Brant and Fremont streets, South Brooklyn. 1, fence, as proved, was committed on the night of tl) of June last, when defendant, who resided in th¢ house, forcibly entered the apartment occupied b, plainant, and outreged her person. Her scream) tracted the attention of others in the house, an Brinckman, who immediately got up to see what matter, saw defendant jump out of the win low room occupied by the young female. Other cor, tive evidence was adduced, #o as to leave no doubt ever of the guilt of the prisoner, and he was coy by the jury The Court thereapon sentenced him ite prison for the term of ten years, Cononmr’s Inqugst.—Coroner Ball held an inque, terday, upon the body of Mrs Randall McDona] died at her residence, in Plymouth street, on Ty in consequence of exposure and neglect It appe had been ill, and potwithstanding her condition h band ejected her from the house, and she was 001 to lodge in the woodshed. This was repeated for nights. The Suey rena 9e @ Verdict in accordan these facts, and the husband was arrested. The 5 lars were franemitted to the District Attorney, action. Fires in New York. FIRE IN BROADWAY, Between 1 and 2 o’elock yesterday morning, ar of fre sounded for the Fourth district, caused discovery of fire in the upper part of the building || Broadway, a few doors abeve Fourth street. T men with their usual alacrity were promptly spot, and the fames were found to be in the seco: of said building, occupied by Mra, Bernard Acker a French dressmaking establishment. At the the fire there was no one in the house exe:pt M rman’s son and two daughters, their parents left the city on Moaday last for Virginia. Tho peeres to have originated in a kind of closet betw WO rooms on the second floor, in which was }. most part of the millinery goods, The dames through the floor to the attic room, and spread the two rooms on the second floor, destroyit g every article of furniture. ‘ihe firemen, howev ceeded in extinguishing the flames before reach roof. We leasn that au insurance was on the pro. the amount of $2,500 in the Hanover Fire Ineuran, pany. The store below is occupied hy Edward J. Fiteeat erchant 1. flart. Ditee hei a ‘brok 4 “age @ first at , broke i ed by his men, saved all the property. by convey’ the stat house. by Capt. Dilks, imm je an examinatio: i evident from the amount g, that the fire had commenced in a closet loc ween tho two rooms. The whole matter will ther investigated. Any urgean present himself for examination ordered, (unless for reasons which may be est! | to the mt,) or who, after examination, reported by the Board as Poa for pre shall be dropped irom the Hi-t of officers of the x J. C. DOBBIN, Secretary of the Navy Department, Mept. 7, 1854. Pay oF Fimeugw IN THR Navy —The Soaretar,; Navy has published the following genoral order | ‘the eral order dated 11th august, 1854, extended, that§ from the date j, the © class firemen wil be $26 per month, coal 7 The pay of first class dremen remain month, as provided for inthe order of let 1854. JG. Secretary of the Navy Department, Bept. 1, 1854. j the new sdministration of Canada. b new ion formed,"and “i composed of the followin UPPER CANADIANS. ] .- President of the lease a] a -Solicitor Genera | -Postmaster Gen ? Speaker Leg. C:) LOWER CANADIANS. | a Crown | Receiver Genert | Commis. Pabtic | Court Calendar—This ‘rag _Unrtep States Mistrict Covrt.—Nos. 16, 17, © gore yr BT ee ‘Tenm.—Nos. 44, $5, 44, 170, A re Counon ‘Pixas.—Nea. 1097, 1088, 1100, 1 tik 1114, 1198, 1136, 1187, 1188, 1141, 1) 6. Espenscheid may truly Entitle the Jeader of public taste in bats. He draws: tnd professions to his es‘ablishment, 118 New by the magnetic attraction of the most brillia coming fall tylein New York, Call et Weeavre. “Now-n-Days."=—Who is the > cron purting these words Fin the adver lumns of the’ newspapers? We know rot, t divine that it is our old friend KNOX, wh makes the most fashionable hats, bat is ‘nc | generally ahead of his confreres. in baving clegant in shape, more artistic in contour, + me, fifa fal bat go t9 138 Fu. ite, for a beau! at go uw orunderthe Prescott House, in Broadway. Hall, Hatser—First in Fashion—41 |) way, corner of Lispenard street, so far has | approbation of the public in the produ gent fall etyle of hat. No article of dress i: spicuous t! the hat, and if you want to genuine article go to HALL’S. Mealio, Hatter, Broadway, Corner His fall style is su] wr to any hat yet issued constantly on han assortment of chil caps, ke. Give hima before purchasing nin’s, 214 Broad way,—Genin’s F uct ation which pute ideas of “1 out of the beads of our merchants and men No one who sees it imagines that he cannot § Ce. a hat. GENL 214 Broadway, 0 * ‘aul’s. i Cameo-Doguerreoty pes taken onl Williamson gt in Brooklyn, 249 Fulton) posite Clinton, Instantaneous sittings, cate ae of a happy moment, Cars from t! cogaet ean five cent Dagnerreoty pe eparts i A five cen 3 ith Talis for onig'two. things, Takeo by 1 double camera, two at once,