The New York Herald Newspaper, July 31, 1854, Page 3

“ADDITIONAL FROM EUROPE. THE CZAR’S BIRTHDAY. atyh:), 1796, end pcan ae 58, be is i beoken—older in constitution ep ox ancn taka have Hed ton or Bitena years loager 3 bis most ‘enemies caanct louk on sach a spe tale on the Secline, of this. man and his fortunes ‘Whbout a oo in midst of their satis- ection and Tit ‘that powers a0 con- alderable, ‘once had that ‘was fine ip it, ) Heve carried the maa intoa mniouen no of warning, after he and Many others had i would be one of ratriev- al aud smeliona’ Trere is no need’ tong Arad dexent. The Oatherins, ‘the son of Paul, cleime our , at tre outeet,. The mischief was, bowever, almply constitational, for he was too young at the Desai peon BP emprere five yrara when hie wretched futher came Bntimel, end. He was therefore exem: t fr patation which Teeted on his elder ‘twey knew was doing on tue nightiof Paul's marder, and con sented to It ap the only saving their own ity andeven hfe, was then foar twenty; but the child Nichulas, then a spirited and clever - boy of fourgud-enalf, was one of the last who received a wutd and kise from bis doowed father. On that , Panl was in ‘me of his amiable moods; and he sent t> the Em- ‘prese—that ingenious German girl, who found tie greatness which had at first astonwhe. ber, a mise- Table change from the freer and mre modest Ife in her tather’s castle. Her husband went to her draq- fue rvom that eveuing, spoke affectionately to her, aud 100k the baby into hie arms, and played with tio Miede Niedoles. Hie motrer did best she could for the boy, in the way of edacation, General Leusdorf su; tended it. Adelung tanght bum knguages, aud Councilor Stork instr in jul © onomy, to no great purpo-e, jadging by the sexuhts, He was more nea to military sredies than any other, and was almost as foud of fortification as Un le Toby bimse!f. He was fond of & try : rsuit of such studies ag be liked, he issued frum tse educatioval pro:eas, ignoraus of ali it bevame—not only i st & } RI! i! i fi re old age, hich left ¢ rest of be knowledge that jhe object of which was Beluvunic repubbes, ext o the Adriatic— * ‘ver kpowing when the rr him tofeel 118 oh fo:m the poli fl ze Hs irs with mabe bis intervention in Hangary more iH Fx fies z EETE jarities, in Many Cases, \s the instantancous traa- va from the brutal to the human state. Wow }. ™ Of bia fapaticnum one dees net know what Hie Empie-a turned Greek tn a avd this vo doubt seemed to bim all riv ral, But when be m™ ebe faith ta cuee the mxtase of Bo dix; time relations, m ing his pa- him, wanted the Archduke Stephen; he that turn Romiah in a day—shouli embrace of those nuns of Minsk who were Pleasing to bis orthodoxy. It is ting in the history of al shu minunt and involved with the In his fami!y, be is no less unbapp: His faitufal wife, who partly because the e was salons, and partly bia ettention to ber through all nis vagaries, 8 E2stea zigeege partes g Ps rf a] zi ¥ ‘ E: 3 | 3 : z i & cs 2 2 eis to an} his deughter Olge offered and oo hep. because be carsi-d has been wearing out for m.py a dreary year uider the fatigues of iife of, ety gy on all his family. the yor The two Another is the widow of the Duc de tenberg; and j berg. rulipg—as understood, the savage of the M-s0ow to prolon, Upon the commerce and ti she can drew her supplies. mioin extends over @ vast bra: ing various are the p-oductions of these distri. cap be re cured ; and £18,000,000 or £19, cg He, ae er to supplant his e! ler and more estmable man, in the the throne. Thi amusement which he ne favorite ter is puca. Fes it Lj a = : ed F age age [hi i f THE TRADE OF RUSSIA. (From the London Gazette, July 13.) leader boca which we re tg engaged for ngthened pe ty ia worth while climates; extent but the As respe te Great Britain, we have felt no groat inconvenience, nor are we likely te do a0, from a deficiency in the su; ply of a few articles by our manufactn:ers former! stoppage of them | ‘ly obtained there, In- fs calculated to do some ly obtained. Oil seeds can be pro- in large quantities from the East; so can . hemp, and other stout fibres. rived from area of seven and a We leave out of ‘tet papion of tories; whilst ‘eh their eye, and are horrified at its exproasion | Vogceres cf ae werocity and cruelty; and, before you cap with , to the 4th instant, in business, alt! were , numberin Eniope, and six mil Ay Our North Ame: state that million. | shot pots en end a, and when a contest once commenced, ite termi. Shrovgh Rischte.. Thie offer nome tnoreased pala. eet down at aboat ‘a i fo dood fal ehetber, the at 204.0 » to heavy market will be secede ecta for the future, to be ‘oianpach ies 8 " ‘ . With every port inthe Baltie and Bisok BE Production of several years be declio! ried eprom ar et the mines and washings. Tee capitation =~ tex on me will be aggravated and the unprofitable exvenditure incarred sre Ph pare. The die ag ooo if would be meet the extram going on; ant ite ny Teg ae pene una io helj i -c2¥s30 mach in rate striggic on which it has net all on the venture.” Wit! fal ois undaunted covrage, great decision, vigilance and cerry aualisicn wi no one can deay him—tue Czar wil, if he po sist in bis obstinate coare, fin! that be bas rained a storm which it is ienpossible to quell, apd that bis empire mey beoume the theatre of revojation and chan rougbt aboat by his own impohey—for which he ia ered. ‘The Por sessions of Rugeis on the ho: to wert const of America will provably be forthwith subjected to s' blockade, and perbays'to a seizure, by our Pacific Russiag esottie- aquadrom. The commerce of the meots with Selene and Chins will ‘be also inter e £60 000 a year, Ou the map these porse“ioue may Jook extensive, but they are of very slight valuc— the total fas rend aborigines inchuied, not amounting to 60 000 inbebitants, The islend of sit- ko, with its p: yon of somewhere about 1.000 ipbabitants, will be taken posession of and beld till the termination of rhe war, ‘With her resources thus annihilated, Russia will soon have to contemplate the consequences of the precent war; even if unaccompanied by further re- ‘Ye: 8e8, THE RUSSIAN ARMY. ¥ at eats Hy 8, pes ee ae writing on July 8, says :— . 09, in bietory of the world, ‘were the mach vaunted and imme! se war and © mmercial m mne reroarces of avy pation, rest og small, #0 Stierly Gripe end reduced to nullity as those of coloms) Ramis. Not only are some 90 armed vessels, of different’ classes, with at least 60,000 sailors and merines, rendered a8 ‘pat. upwards “ Ipwaro Guard,” and tbe argapization of ¢ reserve battalions of the Guarde, Grenadiers, vorps, and portions of other corps—in all, 60 battaliorr—bave enabled foyer, tach two divisions (8 es sapavey i battalions) of the Grenadier corps, with one ments=20 battulions) to Poland. prep rdpien oo) tw dotes of the 7th from Wareaw, the 2d divisioa the Grenadier bei gn the 4th or Kiew, bth, (Teuris,) and 6th (Yka’erino-liff) regimeuts, and 2d. Car! (ight)—tad. passed throogh ‘Wartew on the four previous days, on their way to the Polish-Gallician froutie?. In #0 far as it is pos- sible to ascertain, the Russian troops oon entred, or ratberechela ed, more or leas near to that frontier in Poland and Volbynia consist of 2 aay divi- mercado battalions) Caption piso roan) corpe; I vivision (20 Hops,) 1 brigade (' fla apy with 90 2 Ns car . tease wig Greece es, 24 corps; giving @ ob effective oops to the amount Total... .ccseecsseee seseeseses seeevesseeees But to these must be added several sotnias sacks with their light batteries, eight to talions of Inward Guard, and a part of the of the first and second corps, +o that the total piers 8. It must be observed that this mass is apart m the corps echeloned behind the Sereta, in Mol- devia, and in Podolia, ee and K»men- tezasas their pivota, whilst later is also distinct from the army of the Danube, right flank, throwa ba k en potence onthe Aluta, does pot extend much beyond Slatin, although sufficient light troops are detached to watch the of ian range, between the Aluta and Buza. It may not be uninteresting gy military readers to add a bird’seye view of dislocation of the pepe he Choker de armée waich com: pore the grand mifitary force of Rossia at this mo- ment, 1g by obverving that tre organization of all corps is identical in every res} and that of the Guards'and Grenadiers nearly Watching Coast of Bothnia —-Spreial Finland carps. North ‘oast of Finland.—Part of Grenadiers and Gusrds. District of St. Petersburg —Guards. Estonian Coast.—Detachments of Guards and Grens- diers. Gulf of Livonis and Courland Coast.—Part of Ist corps. Poland and Volhynia.—Parts of Grenadiers, let and 2d Behind Sereth.—Part of 24 corps, 6th corps, and re serve Cavaby, Panudiap Army —34, 4th, and two divisions of 6th corps, with ono division re-erve Dragoons. Bears: aed Chorsodese —First division of 6th corps, Seer oem oh yr: , Lancers, and remaining goons. Crimea —One division of 6th corps. Asis —Speeial Caucasian corps, with one division of 6th and one of 6th corps. The opr ¢o not imclnde the reserves, Inward Guard, of regular Cossacks. THE WAR AND THE GERMAN POWERS. (From the London Chronicle, July 14.) A change bas taken place, within the last few the military and in the political ion of affairs. Bome weeks since, the Austrian vernment concluded a couvention with Turkey for the immediate o-capation of the principalities; and it was belicved that the division under Conant Coronini, whose bead-quartera had been fixed at Oracva, bad received orders to march, without fur- py ech the tara cea Rossian party at Berlin, ever, succeed presenting an stacie to the immediate execution of the plans wnich bad been formed. The Prussian wnment com- d that, after the union established between two great German Powérs, Austria had singly tt aatep which might probably lead to hosti ties; and it was urged that the contingent oy OF protecting tho imperial territory. from invasion, r from inv: ” entitled it to remonstrate ag: po | fresh pro vocation to Russia. It seems hinte aod menaces of thin kind have bad the effoct of checking the intended movement of the Austriun ey ed the left bank of the Danube, and that the Turks and their,Western allies must, for the present, be contented to bear the whole brunt of the war. It is not likely, however, that the enemy w5ll eventually derive any substantia) benefit frem the intervention of his devoted adherent. There can be little doubt that an ultimatum bas at lat been forwarded by Austria to St. Petersbarg ; ard in the meanwhile a semi-nentral oc:upation o the Danubian provinces has been effectuully pre sented. When the Austrian troops finally march, they will no longer be to affect friend), intentions towards the invader whom it will be the’ conventional pretext of anarchy, assumed to be im- ie in ceaeite, He pot secioualy pet Srwas of ; but the ministerial mani. festo concludes with s really int otraight- forward remark. The question of an Austrian oo- cupation of the es has hithert» been ar- gued on the supposition that the invading to retire from Wailechis, but it now aj pre he meade es sre about to make a neighbo: hood rest, Under there stances, it is announced that the Cvurt of Vienna only await the to the summons which has tent to Bt. Pel 4 and, on the revelpt the expected refura), uo further time will be lost determining on such measures as may be deemed necet: carry out the conventivn with the Porte. re is no small significance in the declara- tion of the official organ, ies “the idol en’ maxim of inte: A the war. Ovition, as @ interna, vk is little more then a traism; the fact pomtchly indi ates te own disinelioation of ates its own to renew arrangements which have been found e9 dengerove Py an eee Buol Lave ma: sacrifices to recure the continuance of oe ja perfectly consistent in declini of a war to the concessions whic! ns And even if his government entertained different views, facts ate too strong for diplomacy. The first cannon scraples and promise: He Bai to com; depend on the relative strength and on which was to o copy Wallachia although powipally neutral, prevent apy farther attempte ogainst ‘Allies On'the central Danube wd on the Aluta. There is reason to believe that Oount Pas kiewitsch, had, in fact, resolved on the move neate which were generally anticipsted; for after the rals- ing of the siege of Ritistria, the invaders recrossed the Danube, and ergo bodies of troops which had been cenpeiched to Wallachia were ordered to re- verse thelr march, for the parpose of strengthening the line of cefence in Moldavia. Those who now accuse Austria of betraying the common eause her slowness iu advancing, were then alarmed, with much more +how of reason, at which seemed to indicate prje ts of the determination to commence s defensive paign. Tbe Czusr, it was suid, had contrived,” One masterly stroke of policy, not only to consi! the German Powers, but also to place his army ssfer position. In aby rt, the reported retreat of +! eremy was regarde*, and not without some ground, as far more men»cing then nia former advance. It wppeara, however, tat the policy of tha Russian commsnder-in-chief bas been overruled sujerjor authority, Pmnoe G.rtechakoff hee more established himself at Bucharest, whilst have beep made to maintalo a considerable fi the lovg-eontestea position cf Giurgevo; and and England have every reason t ae at sion wile will both put an end to the besi Austiia, and spare them the difficult task of pur- suing the enemy into the inte. tur of hie own terri tory. The furwaid m.vemeut of the allies nas ao- FEE poate corcipgly commen ed, Omer Pacha hay at last oressed “be Dunube fn person, with pad of 40,000 meu, including 12,000 suxiiaries, sian force at Ginrgevo has ben . verpowered avd surrounded, and General Baimovoff is said to have son, ht his way te Buchorent, after the }>0 of pice hundred men, inchuving a genera! severely wounded. Should this intelligence be coufirmed, there is reason ‘to wpticipate a pitched buttle fa the neig»borhood of Buchasest «+ of Kalerasch, The allica most by this time be advancing om force from Varna, eltber by ee Schumis or through the Dobrud- aba; apd sia) Te vioroements, on the other band, are once more taking @ southern direction, while the troops which have r-tied from the right berk of the river may prohably be concentratl themselxes pear Prince Gortschekoff's headquer ters, It in impossible to antivtpate the fortune of ‘war; but it is satisfactory to know that the able Genesal who commands the Ottoman army maintains the most friendly and covfidentia reletiona with bis Freneb and E gli-hcNeagues, The of the Danube bas not been undertaken wit previous> Comrest, Dor will the vanguard of the allied forces be Jeft without saunas It is scarcely possible to believe that v.e Ru: army. which has never yet succeeded a; st an equal pumber of Lurks, will be able to resist the hest sulojera of and Fronce; and 8 victory in Vallachia, while it would probybly decide the peutral guverpmenta of Europe, might, pert-aps, tend materially to shorten the war, The Ocst Deutsche Post, of Jaly Sth, saya:— Prince Gortachak ff is provided qith fall and extensive powers, and the propouitions which he hes brought witb him ave.surely not of such a rin- ple nature that they might have been entrusted to ‘sn ordinary courier. The Emperor Nicholas has bot, with ut great cause, 8 dip) ‘matist of so high a rank, of such conspicuous amiability, and of such extensive and recently proved in! Important post a: Bturtgardt to. Se Pete oe Important post a+ \ to raburg, pend. him thence to Vierns. The individuality must be an eminent one who is selected for su: h’s mis- skn at sah & mcment; and the full powers, the instrnetions that aie confided to euch « “ man of copfidence,” are surely as extraordic as the in- dividual] to whom they are entrusted. “* Rossis’s P na tnust be read thrice.” and iu Vienna tole seying of 8 celebiated journalist will cer tela remain a truth. If the latest Rassian ne tions should have for their to win over Austria, or poseibl from the concert Eurc to ‘eolate her peen—in that case the character of the Vienna Cabinet bas. been mie understood. If we are to judge by all that has taken vie till now, the principle which the Vienna Cun- ference has laid down mot be aban- doned for a single moment. The oai- tions will be sal d by the Austrian inet in all ficehty to the conference. If they be acceptable for Europe, then Austria will doubtless support them; but ir they be only calculated for the 4) acceptane of Austria—if their tendency to isolate Austria—then they will be , for the interests of Eu:ope are aleo the interesta of Austria. We will that the ideas entertained in Prussia toucbing the solidarity of all German in- tereate may be as Jear and well d-finea aa they are bere. Why shou'd we doubt it? Ras:ia’s endeavors to dissipate (zerspitttern) the executive power of Lurope—to dissolve the existing ooncord—or at least to prevent important results from being achieved during the present summer, and to apin out the ne- gotistione till the autump and the ensuing winter— are 80 easily to he eeen through that nobody will be blind enongb to fall into the trap. The treaties are «Dear, th is clear, the danger is clear, and one-balf e summer is already lost. e ob} SCANDINAVIA AND THE BELLIGERENT POWERS. [From the United Servise Megsnne (Londoa) Juty 38.) The policy of the Scandinavian Stares ia the struggle which willere long bave commenced in earnest in the Baltic or. Sea, the waters of which wach their coasts, is of Fogg import ence. The craving ambition of ja, though more syparent in the East, hae not been ined to key. The affuirs of the East are better known in Europe than those of the North; and this ex- 1. ins the want of attention, almost amounting to if_erence, which has been msnifested wich regard to the policy and relative po ition of Sweden and Norway, avd even of Denmark, in the t Eu- ropean pclity. Russia has steadily thongh quietly asnt her intueace A vay Tog aso ot rope, extending it no: only thr e * dinevien States, but into the very heart pec By the treaty of Friedrichsham, sigued on the hitn September, 1609, Sweden handed wver to Russia the whole of das fur as the rivers Turnea and Muonio, with the Alend islancsa* Owing to the universal state of war in Europe, the importance of the concession was not fully appreciated at the time. By this tieaty Russia acqnired a race of sailors to man ber fleets, timber to build ber ships, and porta to hold them. Finland covera an area of 6,400 square miles, with a population of 1,397,038 souls. It Is divided into eight districts or governmente:— 1, bo ag a with the capital of Finland, Helsingfors; Hicnsclt 6, kuples 1, Wonay and 8, Ulenberg, kur ael; 6,Kupio; 7, Wosa; and 8, U »K jana, or Faet Botten, and Lapland. Of the ‘ion of 1,397,098 inhabitants, 1,361,- 0CO are Finianders, : hiefly Swedes and fermans, belonging to the Protestant religion, and onl, 36 038 ave Russians of the Greek Orthodox Charo. ‘The impoi tance of the concession mado to Russia may be come ac® by Helsingfons. At tbe mouth of the Gulf of Finland, partly on the sho-e, partly on the bigh ground rear, lies the capital of Finlead, with » pop’ of 15,000. Helsiugfors has become not oply ® great con. mercial harbor, but oae of the stropgert fertresses of the Russian empire. At the presept moment its naval part Swenborg, offers shelter to @ squadron of the jan Baltic fleet, a curefi.y watched by Sir Charles Napler. Here ala fe stationed the much talkec of Scheeren-flotte, or of the Russians. Various lines of ports and com sin nnd and Bothpia. The soil is barren ecveied with Jaken, of which Luke lsrgest in Furope; the trade of the in! sista chiefy in their coast fisheries, ig carried on diligently wherever To @ certain extent, Finland was ate bye ecbetwerts of vo exported to Bweden, ap exporta usrenteed to Sweden free of drty by the treaty of drich+hom. 4 Not satirfied with these to ber hered policy, eudeav prevailed pre’ tens By the possesai the tes of Berlin; as on we 4 islanda, - bohm. Rev: poseessce rone of Denmark, where Russian influence is s0 atzong, that the King besituted to receive the visit of Sir Charles Nay {or ear of fending the Cur Tre Russias. fleet in the was in itself sufficient, before the ep) ¢asanee of the combined English and French fleets, 10 awe into submission the surround- ing Staree. In 1948, Roasts made an offer to Sweden to tabe the island of Borvbolm in exchange for a heavy loan. The offer transpired, and at the time creaudsa ee imag ay say —— — in the port! jermany, a8 it betrays mination of Rus+la to ake" herself, {f possible, mis. ‘were of the Bound clatm ‘With there data to itis to be hoped that the fora ont ae satel MP not }, & cnr! ambitions dosigns Hers std a within ber toni torial e. a opportanity not occ or again. As yet, the government Oscar hee cor fined itself to s declaration of , which bee been admited by the belligerent Towers ‘symptoms hore, however, alresdy saab Pe | < § if és 58 ingy tate, as @ material gua: sptee Pree ines coment heeitate oo upy Swedish Serritoryt It the won apd tbe lamb. all well aware, This explaina theenthusiasm by ulation of Stockholm on the recent of the tiah admi al to King Oecar, tions pai by fleet. Tie Swedes are a warlike race,and have be- people ; the names of Gastavua Vasa, of Gustavus Adolphus, and of Charles XII, sve emblszoned in letters of undying glory in the memory of man. Actuated by a spirit of trae patriotism, by a de- sie to regain possesrion of the province torn from them, @ Gwedieb uuxiliary army would prove a most welo: me ally to France aud England, and such an ally might st the present juncture be easily obtained. The saga: ious ruler of the destinies of France thas co renege bis views with regard to Sweden:— “ The lora of Finland is ao ever bleeding wound in the fieuk of Bueden. From Seer ie ace Russia ¢raws pearly the whole of her m al pnera and her timber. ‘The restoration of id to ite anekent owners would bean act of nolicy, the pru- dence and justice cf which none dare way, A Exe diawx from Viborg to the Gulfof Ovega would beceme on tbat ride, iv the north, the extreme limit ot Russia, Jt is not in her centre that Russia is vul- nirable ; it is at her +xtremities Bat ifthe blood is Grivep buck towards her beast, she will choke. The bead of he colossus 13 at Helvingtors, its right arm at Ww W, its @ i ut Beburtepol The pursession of j l gives Russia the douminivn of the Baltic, as Wut ott e Crime. makes her mistress of tuo Blask E:a; and as long asshe posses:es them, the peace uf Europe is not sure. Finlupd, Polund and Cri- mea wrt be dagred out of the clutches of th doubk -beaded eax): .j. The statu quo ante bel/am cannot now be granted et; cannot be concluded on ¢2¢ basis of ancien Areaties. Sweden can bring an army {uto the fleld, exclusiv> ef Norway, of 145,00 men, in round numbers; her fleet courists « f ten ships of the line, eigat frigaes, eight curveties, six schooners, twelve steamers, an 266 gun bests. ana othe: small craft.§ Tie land forcea of Norway, incorporated with Sweden by the treaty of Kiel, signed on the 14th of January, 1814, give a total of 23,484 men. The Nor wegiap fleet consints of two frigates, four corvettes, one briz, five schooners, five steameis, and one han- dred and thirty-six gun boats. Bince its incorpo ation with Sweden, Norway has attained a position wh ch it had never enjoyed when atteched to the crown of Denmurk. By the fifth article of the treaty of Kie!, tne King of Swoden be ond himse if in the meet solemn manner to cause ‘the inhabivants of the kingdom of Norway aad its depencencies to enjoy in future all the laws, fran- ebises, rights, and privileges, ag they had nitherto subristed. On bis ,art, the King of Sweden re- novneed. in bebalf of the King of Denmark, all nghts and claims to the dukedom of Swedish Pome. Tapia end the principality of the is'and of Ragen. The No: wegians did uot ut first willingly consent to be handed over to Sweden. A war ensued. It was Bot till November, 1814, that the final junction of Norway with Sweden was completed. On the 20th October, the Norwegian Diet, by a majority of 74 voices to 5, adopted the following resolution:—Nor- way shall, as an integral State, be united to Swo- den under one king, with the pieservation of ita constitution, subject to such steam fh pie ob) the welfare of the country may req having, at the same time, regard to the union with Sweden. Thoee alterations which his Swedish Majosty haa recognized in the convention of Moss are to be con- ° g Se : £c6 Fl o & A : sidered and determined on by the Diet as speedily as ble; and as xoon aa this has been done, the diet will solemn! elect and acknowle ge the Kio, of Sweden, hie Mujesty Charles XILL., as the omull. tutional King cf pays ‘the election of the king toxk placeon the 4th Nov: mber, 1814, with en: unanimity. ‘We hope shortly to_be enabled to announce, that ‘an offensive and defensive treaty bas been con- eluded between the Scandinavian States and the Weetern Powers, © Art, 4, His Majesty the King of Sweden, as wel! for bimeelt as bis succersors to tbe throne and kingdom of Sweden, renounces irrevocably and in perpen, ia favor ol his Naje-ty the Kmperor of all fassiae and his suocessors, in bia righte ard tiles to the govern- mits bercafier # ecified, » Bich b.ve been conquered from tie ¢ ‘soot war—vamoly, ry ‘ts ot Kymenagard, Niland, and Tuvast- and Binnevorg, with’ the isles Aland, Sa- Yoax and Corelea, Wasa, Uleanoig and part of West Bothnia, extening tu the river tornea, aa aball be fixed ic the sub-equent article on the cenmarkation of the froviiers. Trexe G-vernments with al) their in- bs Dit.nts, towns, ports, fortresses, villages and ulands, ap well as all the éepeudene es, prerogatives, rights and emolumcnts, shall henceforth belong in full rty and sovereignty to the Empire of Russia, and shall re. in inc: ry orared with it? To this effect his maleey the King of 8w+den premises in the most solemn ani «Unatory manner, aswell for bimseif as for his suc- cessors £nd all the kingdom of Sweden, never to make any c'a'm, cirect or indirect, on the sad governments, provinces, islands, and territories, all the inhatétenta of which shall, in virtve of this renunciation, be relieved from the homage und oath of fidelity by which they were bound to the Crown of sweden. Art. 5. The sea of Alend (Aland’s Maf), the Gulf of Bothnia, and the rivers Tornea and Muonio, shall here- after form tho frontier between Russia and the kingdom of Sweden. The nearest islands at an equal distance frcm the mainland ot Aland and Finland shill belong to Rureia, andthore whic! bearest to the Swedish coast shalt belong to Sweden. The most sdvanced points of the Russian tersitory at» he anouth of the river Tornea shall be the isle Rjorken, the of Ren‘chamm, and the peninsula upon which the town of Toroe sstandas. The frontier rball then be extended along the river Tornes to the confluence ot the two b anches of that river, near Kengis. It +hslt tben folluw the course of the river Muo- Bio. pet g infront of \uonmionis, Kaouimaka, Raunula, and hilpiejaure, to Norway In the course of ‘the rivers Tornes apd Muon as it has been described, the is- lends situated to 1 of the thalweg (vslley lans) shell belong to Russia, and those to the west of the Thalweg to Sweden — (ireaty of 17th Sept., 1809.) From recent statis ical returns. Révision dels Carie da l'Europe. Returns tor 1864 In 1862 ber commereial navy Bumbered 1,407 sailing versels ang sixty-one steamers of 3,180 horse poser. ihe Lanish navy consists of fivo men-of-war (three of eighty‘our guns, one of seventy- two one of sixty-six guns), seven frigates, three cory fivesteam epee and seme smalier vescels, mounting in all efht hundred and righty-four guns ; and in addition, @ flotille of eighty.seven gun bonts (row- ing boats), twenty-three of whith carry mortars. HARVEST PROSPECTS OF GREAT BRITAIN. From a Liverpoel Circular.) ‘Fhe evil forebodings hich had begun to be entertained Tespecting the crope, have disappeared under the late favorable change of wouther, and it is pow very rally acmitted that the ficids baw seliom given promise of a more timely and sbupdant harvest. rain whieh has fallen during the lant four or five weeks hae indeod been excessive; but it could hardly have falien in a more fitting time than in June, when labor was advancod— when the majority of crops had appeared above ground, ond when jure Wa ired to give bulk and vigor tract of rainy weather, rentee that the balance will bo carecr of sun and heat in the jueut month—thns bringing erops eavy tos rich maturity, and secur- by a brillian Present and sn! more than usually ing an early and succ-ssful Larvest, But not to spocu- late on what is future and uncertain, itis perhaps enough to observe that up to thin time the rains are not sup: posed to have dove an; jury, or, to aj more pre- cisely, have done an Wasser good which more than counterbalances any evil of which taoy have been tho cause, Last year the renults of harvest wore seriously ~com- mised by a wi bering drought in tho first wooks of Jemmer. This ate te dry weather came « month or alx weeks garler, allowing 24 to have a’undaneo of rain it was most needed, the result of whlch r Poteet the early and sturdy vegetation which covers the face cf the whole country. Corval crops are at Wart two or three w-esa farther sdvances than at this perion last year. Seldom has thoro born seen thicker and stronger crops of wheat, barley, and oats in Boot land—thedast named crop especially being almost un- rivalled ite healthy end vigorous growth. fo all the arable districts, oats as well as wheat are in tue car, and Hf not lodged, as much Beary crope are peculiarly liable, by storms of wind and rain, but duly nourished and ta- tured by Be fun, it may be quite safely feted that the grain harvest in Scotland this year will be os much above ne Mat year it was below un average. ‘As for Mhy and green in seopess whieh the late crop, wot weather, by laupeding fabor, was mort apt to be laja- Hout, obs eatitinty aslate the, booed tarnig sleterwsiae St this season, in its freshness of eolor unl regalarity and cleapnesa of. driJl, gives oy luxuriant and eo garden- Vike an pest to our telds; whily the rye grass, instead of wevibg gracefoliy under the summer breere, is in Many cares ¢ down, flat aod draygled, to the aoil by the rains, Turnipe for the most part are still un- thinned, and, in some fost-norn, the land intended for thie in red and witbout it) reed; but no one who has Obverved the miraculous progress of turnips under favor- able weather will venture to fay that the pre-ent back- wardnems of this crop may sot yet be recovered. The bay hervest has been retarded rather than injured by the rains. Mowing til) this week could hardly be aaid to be begun, ond rye yrase has consequently not auffered so much ag if it hed been cut and spread ous in the flelds. A Jarge breadth of potatoes is everywhere notice), and with tr Bing exceptions is regular, hvalthy, aud promis- ing. The immense proGt mado from this favorite escu- lent, and the growing conficrnee in ite revovery from Cireaee, have naturally encouraged farmers to extend its culty mm; Boris there eny crop which is associated with more important sclal and considera tinws to the country at large, for tt is not only a chief element of ‘lar diet, bot, when plentiful, directly Sak te the Len! tara shee r bn] pame canse wv #0 greatly promot gro’ of oats has rendered parture succulentand plentiful, and flocks and herés arp revelling in all tho fatnces and abundance of er. These remarke are founded on considerable personal obeervation, and on the re; of corres in whose judgmont we have every confidence. They my epecially to Laparkshire, Gall wey, god the LoiBians, al reve te from district 1m vy #ith what wo have RTA circum tance more essential tha country, than a the «about to be vpom us A defo ent yield of tiny prods the bsipe last year, with wheat at S00 pe: quarter, wit oun try war, with taxes iocrenre.' with yg > apd money scarce, would resliy he vo small calamity; most thepkful should we be to -sca,e from it. An aban- dant hervest, on the other hod, may of itslf be sodiclent to correct all the prevent little orooke la our While at war with 8 formi‘sble enemy, there aro wure- dy two circumstapers op wh'c v6 ay loathe ee late ourselves—namely. that wur foreign trade contianes twi'"'be conducted with perier’ vecunty and with Httle abatement, ond that our doo tic fields, unrave ged by the fee, are brinaiug peacefull, +04 ‘ervilely to matarity more thap usually abundant un. valuable crops. A coun- try thus situated at home and at the same time witacss- ing the successful progress nearecly be said to know or to fh Canadian Le jwlacare. [From the Loudon Chronicle, July 14.) tive Counc bil pow before racasents a jive Coun: pow before Pachament, a of criticism was wasted upon the detaila ofte ane enactment which lust yeur rceived the asoction of tee entre Assembly, We Rape ips io oar former :emarRs upon the subjet that pl. reas raised againat thet ech 3 whether well or il founded, were at ali ¢ prematare, as it was impossible to gay to what extent ite featores might be modifir’ by one or other of the Poosincial o embers, befoie the measure could be ally settled and sent w t is eountry for railfica- tion. The Jatest in elligence irom the oolony shows that we were notQmiteken in this nm A mipisteiial crisis bos led 1 @ oissolat of the Colomal Parliament, and, unier the provisions of 5 recent at, the next Legistu'ive assembly will con- sist of 130 members, 10 '6.d of 84, which hes htbir'o been its matutebie wamber, It is at pre sent quite uncertain whict: o! the various parties exi-ting ip the evlopy will gu) tue greatest aidi- tion of strength ; and the reeult of the approaching elections will, of course, m inl determine in what manner the Capadian Legi-l.iure wul exercise the powers given by the meast'@ vow befure Parlix ment. We aleo fefer to the i adeqnacy of the Leg- iglanve Council as a check uu the Lower House, and in this point also our vi ws ae confirmed passing events, Ample x ore sve accounts whiel Lave reached us of the re-et procvedings, we hear not asyliable of the coume taken, or I taken, hy the well, We svadof no atrempt on the pait of that body either!) npport or to overrule the decision of the Low: r Chimber; and it is evident that neither the copcurrence vor: the opposition of the nominee Hovee can exercise apy appraciable in. fuence over colovial parties and opiotuns, Lord Elgin bas been Gove vor General of Oanade for seven years, and for ulinost as long a peril Mr. Hincks, the present heud of the administra- tion, has Leld a Promivent «sition tn the cabinet. With the recent progres- and present prosperity of the colony, the names of both these al are intimately asvociate’. The tiosucial the Canasian Minister hive been ceeafal, and during his late visit to thie bad the eatistaction of pausing off, out of clear surplus revenue, the first loan ever contracted the province for the pur;o-e of local improvements. But public feeling in the colony nus, for some time past, been dee; interested in other matters, which opinions are muh divided; and the wise policy of the Imperiai Lexislature has of years thrown upon coloum! administration amount of responsibility to which trey wae subjected in the days of nur-ery government, the perpetual interference of it and office wore deemel indispensible for regulation of every rece Se A nestions, eapeclully, have tory reawke a speedy settlement—the ag ede BS the Hi era Nba ard on both these and bis cabinet have promised a fatwe Iu the meanwhile, ever, their lay, spear to be sufficient. We have already that, by a enactment, the number of members composing Arsembly is to be augmentd by one! 3. and that measure was a3:ompepied by another which, when it comes into effect, wili_ add 70,000 electors to the existing constitner cy—an increase which is evidently very important, where the whole tion does not exceed # million and a Led in opeBing the recent -ersion, on the Ith of dae ecessit; ebabieetectisbeste?s month, pressed on t'e Avwembly the of paseing a law for bring!» into tarly ‘4 the measure for augmenting the con-tituencics, and of transacting other busines: of immediate urgency; but he wisely judged it inex: +d ent toentrasta 5 bund legislature ; pronow cen by 1ts ewn vote to be ntation of the people, with the responsibility of finuliy deciding the two great questions of the day. the eourre thus suggested by his boriship, neither the extreme right the extreme loft were disposed to acquiesce; an« adverse vote, carried by a heterogeneons com! jon _of copservatives, “clear grits” or radicals, and French Canadians, &n inacequate re, bas pla ¢ ministry for the moment io 2 minority. First of all, however, Mr. Siie-wond, the leader of the old tory party, appears to hve tri d his «t by moving an amendment t» the address, ce! og the ministry for delay fo essembling the Chumber; but he was defe by © mejority of 40%) 29— ov mbers which show pr-tty clearly that @ new ad- anin‘etration could not bave teen formed on his side of the house. A sul ent amend- a introduced a perpen gd the French Cansdian iy, Feoornmnt |, 1m its original form, the inmoehinte “seculurization” of the clergy re serves; but, in order to zain conservative votes, the word “settlement” was sub-tituted, and the discreditable ruse proved successful. Against ferty- two members, who—some of them being iav enta, and others ardent advocates, of secu- larization—condescended to pulter with words, and to declare themeelves unanimous iu desiring a settle- ment of the question, the miniatry cou!d master only twenty-nine; and instead of occasioning embarrags ment to the public service by vacating pla‘es which no one else Was reacy to cocaupy or allowing a policy which they disapproved, to be force’ upon them their cpfeee y wisely resolved pay te nA the ref Assembly. ir determinaiion ap- pears to have excited some little alirm as wal te enrprire, in the minds of the majority; and an attempt was mide to ;.ahoe+ 9 temporary & promise that the supplies a:ould be roted, nchiee bill passed, and the recent reciproc! treaty with the United Stutes ratified, requitite, time were allowed. These cont however, were not ac epted; and after a session only nine days, the membes of the Elective ber were sent back to their constituents, plain, as they best can, the reusons of their Te-g) q Teall this there ie nothing nnumal, nor be difficult to Ll in the history of the 4 country, more than one prett, exact precedent what ee ty ears, ne: than any which at far too much ge t F s 8 F ; we ite 4 5 Sf i ae 8g respect diffrs from every constitutional country. liberality with which be bes mands where they had justice the vigor with which he has maint $e <f i SF tf i le, while, in bi- ministry; and torn, he 3 full confidence i 5, with such securities fer ape tranquillity, litthe hazard canever be incurred by an ox to the de- cisiogeof the constituencies. Tesult of the tions, whether it be favorable or adverse to the exist pg colonia! mir letry wil] be to plece the decision of two most important social and political questions than the former As- perbaps venture to that * shape of exclasion the next Parliemer t,wi)l fall upon come at least of those who were parties to the vote which has rendered the dieolntion expedient. 4 portion of the English people will watch with interest the Toco contict at prevent capages our siggutices men conflict at present ¢n; our i ct there is folly as well as ‘eltishnees in tthe ays: matic indifference to colonial affairs which is fnebionable even those who teke an intefost in domestic politics, We advert to toe sudject in Pd ir ion, Le op yg ey was noticed by Mr. incks i th at the dioner to Lord Pigin, tad beewase we well Kuow Geet the moe ; Spenives, bay long utter wan’ pathy which the: their visits to this country. We exter he bebalf of meddlesome interference in colontal quar rels; but there mnst surely be s mediam between interference and indifference. Of all our distant dependencies, there is not one whose claims apon our regard are higher tan those of Canada; and, io company, we hope, with an in section of the public, we must ever watch with interest the yen of colonists who—nursed too telage of the mother country, and the clonest ties— ander the wih gud estos with ra; a cial importance whieh will, ere long, a — in the Western hemis; influential as that which she haa the Eastern. Ovrracrous AnaNpoxManr or Tur U. We bavo information from undoubted that the mail carriers to Utah are throw away much of the paver mail away up the Platte, and that there waa @ no: of bags thrown away or sbandoned, or thrown & Cave just above Fort Kearney, and in other plares slong the route. Is governmeut paying men for destroying the mail in this way? It might he doue cheaper at Independeace belure starting — Coen Bluffs Bugle. 5; al = s ely to be xy