The New York Herald Newspaper, June 7, 1854, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. | SAMBES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, y NASSAU AND FULTON STS. | OF) ICE N. W. CORNER PAE DATE Y HERALD 3 conte per per ann om, THE WEEKLY HERALD oyery Baturday at 6X | per 007 vor 38 per vent Britain, and 35 to any sart 9 Oe | OATARY CORRESPONDENCE. containang impor. iit fr of the world—<f weed, woul RU pals or "nae Don Poumon Conmasrornunrs ARE PARTIOULARLY REQUESTED TO SEAL LL Lertane arp Pactscrssest 06 TITRRS mail for Subscriptions er with atmr PE icy ipa) ‘or the postage will be deducted trim | he money AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING BROAPWAY THEATRE, Brosdway—Tux Two Rosy OasTies —Faverus. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Favsrve—WANDERING Miveorken. NiBLO'S, Bresdway—Bevta—Rep dxome ann Warre Waxknion. NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham etroet—Amy Law- wexom-Tve Farry iacur Guanp. ¥. ACK’S THEATRE, Brosdway—-A Lucey Hir— Tux ScuoraRr 2MEAICAN MUSEUM--Afternoce and Evening~—Rara- BLLE. SHRISTY’S AMERICAN way- Erworian Meronixs PERA HOUSE, 472 Broad- Cunisty's MrvoTREvs. WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 44 Broadway, Ermiorras Miveraetsy--Buaierra or Uncun Tom's Canrm. | Monday. lion loan to the 234 instant. Messrs. Whittaker, Bryant & Co.’s iron works, at Havre de Grace, Md., were destroyed by fire on The loss is estimated at from fifteen to twenty thousand dollars. Itis gratifying to learn that the parties arrested in Boston, charged with abetting the recent fugitive slave riot, and causing the death of officer Batcheldor, are in a fair way to receive their deserts. Three of them were committed to jail hy the pelice magistrate yesterday for the murder, and thre» others held in three thowsand dollars bonds for rist. ADDRESS BY A SPANIARD. We pablish cleewhere an enthusiastic address of a distinguished Spaniard on reeching this country and Snding himeelf in a Tree land. The translation mayseem high flown ‘to us; bat expressing as it does the feelings of a man just escaped from the despotism ot Spain, the language will pot be regard- ed as extravagant. It will be read with interest. CITY AFFAIRS. The sepient committee that convened, on the | evening of March 7, 1865, a powerful meeting in Metropolitan Hall, and aanounced ‘to an admiring world the benevolent intention of seforming the ex- isting abuses in our local affairs, bave again “turned up” in an “Address ‘to the People of New York,” which we give the benefit of our immense circula- tion to-day. There is througheut this manifesto continual reference made to what ought-to be done, and what should be done, and what will be done; but we search in vain for anything that has been BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, 839 Broadwsy—Buox- axv's Gruiovianw Orens TROUPE. E WORLD, 377 and 379 Rroadway—Afternoon and New York, Wedneslay, June 7, 1854. “Po the Pablic. The New York Huniup has now ‘the largest circulation f soy daily journal in Europe or America, ‘Foe Daily Humarp circulates nearly sizty thousand sheets per day. ‘The Weekly editions—published on Saturday and San- day—rench a circulation of nearly seventy thousand sheets per week. The aggregate issue of tho Hmmap establishment is about four hundred thousand sheets per week, or over werty millions of sheets per annum. The News. NEWS FROM EUROPS The steamship Niagara, with one week later ad- vices from Europe, arrived at Halifax early yester- @ay afternoon. Our telegraphic report of the news is very meagre. After the operators had sent a very few words of our usual cipher despatch, the wires Were cut cast of Boston, and although speedily re- paired, they still were out of order, and were kept in that condition throughout the night, no doubt by direction of interested parties. Fortunately, how- ever, the news from the seat of war is of no import- ance, although there are statements to the effect that new negotiations for the settlement of the diffi- eulties have been opened at Vienna, and that Pras- aia and Austria have taken a more decided stand against Russia. But we do not regard this in any other light than that we have heretofore expressed ef reports circulated for stock jobving purposes. A decline of one-eighth to one quarter of @ penny on the middling and lower grades of cotton ia re- ported. There is likewise decline of one shilling per barrel on flour, with a dull market, but the bro” kers’ circulars conflict as to the quotations. Provi- sions were tirm, with a fair demand. Consols are quoted at 89j to 89], with a stringent money mar- ket. The steamship Hermann is now over due at this port, and will, perhaps, arrive during the day, but all the important features of the advices by her are anticipated by the Niagara. NEWS FROM CALIFORNIA. By telegraph from New Orleans we have advices from San Francisco to the 15th ult—a fortnight later. The steamships George Law left Aspinwall, and the Star of the West left San Juan,on the 31st ult. for this port, with about three millions of gold ust, and they will both probably arrive , when we shall be enabl the details of THE DOUGLAS DEMON. Last night Senater Donglas was honored by an- other popular demonstration, including a serenade hy several brass bands, with a brass six-pounder accompaniment. The Union men tarned out in full force, with transparencies and all the other para- phernalia of midnight processions. Judge Douglas made a pertinent speech, a report of which, together with an account of the proceedings which took place, may be found on the first page. MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS. ‘The first election in Philadelphia since the conso}- idation took place yesterday, and there is no doubt but Judge Conrad, the candidate of all the factions, is elected Mayor. The previous election showed a clear democratic majority of over five thousand votes in the city and districts, and it is presamed that the success of Mr. Conrad is in no small degree attributable to the secession of a large number of Know Nothings heretofore acting with that party. The day passed off without disturbance, and itis probable a very heavy vote was polled. The choice of the whig and Know Nothing candi- date for Mayor of Washington is certain. Thisevent may be regarded as a justand pointed popular rebuke of the administration for its interference in the elec- tions of the people. In Kingston, N. Y., the first election under the new charter took place yesterday, and the tickets supported by the Know Nothings was elected by a large majority. : LORD ELGIN’S MOVEMENTS, Lord Elgin and Mr. Hincks, a member of the Ca- nadian administration, arrived yesterday in this city, en route for Quebec. The Ear! will visit Portland on his way, in compliance with an inyitation from the inhabitants of that city. Mr. Hincks retarns home direct. It will be seen by our cor dent’s letter that Lord Elgin has succeeded in the object of his journey to Washington, and that the project of a treaty has heen drawn up, subject, of course, to the @pproval of the Senate, and of the Canadian authori- ties. The only clause rejected in his lordship’s draft was that providing that colonial built vessels shall be entitled to American register. THE BRITISH AND UNITED STATES CLAIMS. Te anotter column may be found reports of two very interesting cascs pending before the Commis tioners sitting in 1 under the convention of the Sth of Pebruar claims between the U r One isaclaim by the owners of the back J against the British government for the seizure and detention of that vessel at S! on the charge of bei wed in the The Commissioners in this case co the amount of damaves to be ay ter has been referred to on ump The other claim is urged by } the United States government, confiscation, as prize of war, of a them to the government of Mexico. yet undetermined. MISCELLANEOUS. The New Hampshire Legislature meets to-day. Last evening the party cancases were held in Con- cord, when the deiocrats nominated Francis 2, Chase, of Conway, for Speaker of the House, and E. A. erd ond A. 8. Marshall for Clerk and ASsistant ‘sand free soilers have coa’esced on Mason (er 1 States and G owing by This case is t,) for Speaker, and J. 0. erk. Tho majority in the Le muse of ves met yesterday, re- ferred the , tions for light- houses, &c., to the Whole, refused to consider « siti tiug by ballot ting therefore ned. One in the Distric nbia, substi the viva voce method, and ther ner dred and seven members only done by these self-styled reformers. It ia gratifying, however, to learn that “the committee by no means despair of bringing about a better state of things.” The committee of the State Senate appointed to examine into the affairs of Columbia College com- menced their investigation yesterday. The rejec- tion of Dr. Gibbs was the primary cause of the pre- sent inquiry, but in addition to the aHeged anti- progressive tendencies of the institution there seems to be other matters of 2 more material char- acter which require overhauling. In our report of the proceedings yesterday may be found a list of fif- teen questions propounded by the committee, em- bracing a range of subjects calculated to bring out all the facts in regard to the management and con- dition of the college. The trustees state that they desire a strict and impartial examination, and we hope they may get it. The chemistry class, having made the amende honorable, was yesterday rein- stated. The resolutions passed at a meeting of the Whig General Committee, held at the Broadway House last evening, will be found elsewhere. Coroner O'Donnell was yesterday engaged in the investigation of a supposed murder, the body ofa female having been found, packed ina box, inavery advanced state of decomposition. The evidence, up to the time of adjournment, will be found under the head of “ Coroners’ Inquests.” Coroner Hilton was also engaged in a remarkable case respecting the death of a young woman at No. 172 Thompson street. The deceased, prior to her death, tolda very curious story about the conduct of a certain dentist in giving her chloroform, The Board of Aldermen sat to a late hour last evening, and transacted a considerable amount of business. The Russ & Reid pavement in the Bowery, as usual, occupied the attention of the Board for some time, and was ultimately again referred. A resolution from the Councilmen, to appropriate $6,000 for the celebration of the Fourth of July, was, after some opposition, laid upon the table. The tailors’ conspiracy case, which was set down for trial in the Court of General Sessions yesterday, was postponed until the next term, with the con- sent of the District Attorney. Several firemen be- longing to an engine company, and hook and ladder company No. 8, were convicted of rioting on the ‘ith of March last, at the corner of Seventh avenue and Forty-tifth street ‘The first and second parts of the Common Pleas adjourned yesterday at an early hour, in conse- quence of the death of Thomas J. Henry, Eaq., a member of the bar, and ex-Aiderman of the Sixth ward. 2 ig ta le Our Foreign Policy—The Cuba Question— Annexation of Hon¢aras, The question which now appears to occupy the minds of the Cabinet, the Kitchen Cabinet and Congress, the lobby and the letter-writers at Washington, is the Cuba question and its entanglements. Southern members seem to en- tertain the alarming idea that unless the island is soon acquired, its “Africanigation” will for- ever close the door against us. The Cabinet organ at Washington has been laboring violent- ly to inflame its partisans and the public mind to the fighting point, as if a sudden descent were projected by the President upon the “brightest jewel in the Spanish crown.” Simultaneously the President issues his pro- nunciamento against the filibusteros ; and Mr. Soulé’s belligerent negotiations dwindle down to the reclamation of the six thousand dollars extorted from the Black Warrior. Still the paramount subject at this crisis at Washington is Cuba, and the means and measures by which it can be most speedily brought to the fulfil- ment of its “ manifest destiny.” Gen. Barrundia, meantime, the ambassador from Honduras, has officially signified to the President that he is charged with a question of annexation, which strikes us as far exceeding in importance the existing clamor concerning Cuba. In his official address to Gen. Pierce the other day, Gen. Barrundis, as broadly as the occasion would allow, intimated that his mission was nothing more nor less than to secure the quiet incorporation of the State of Honduras into our federal Union. This may be done, too, without Gadsden subsidies—without infringing upon the rights of any other State—but from the sim- ple acceptance of a free-will offering from the authorities of Honduras, in behalf of the people, to merge their territories, their allegiance, and their fortunes in these United States, Now, we believe that the most superficial view of the annexation of Honduras will con- vince the intelligent reader that it isa question of more immediate and comprehensive impor- tance than the Cuba question. The bay of Honduras commands the passage between the Gulf of Mexico and the Ow n sea—the State lies in that exact graphical position which will enable us not only effectively to cheek the machinations of British, French, and Spanish emissaries, and to upset their schemes for the “balance of power” upon this continent, but the suggested annexation will give us the nuclens around which we shall be able most rapidly to bring in, upon the same terms, the other States of Central America, to the west and the south, and of Mexico on the north. Honduras, in other words, is the central point between the Rio Grande and the Isthmus of Panama, from which the work of annexation may be carried forward between the two oceans —in the south, in the west the city of M with our progress & aud northward simultaneously to the Mexican toward ithword capital from our present Aad, contemplating the movemon K again the d s of the Europea it would bee analagous, to ty ng of th enemy’s centre in a pitched battle, while hi right wing is outflanked and borne dowa by superior numbers, What objections, what i liments, are there to prevent the incorporation of Flondurns into our Union, should Gea. Barrundia very shortly lay before the President the suthoriaed projet { tended the time for the acceptance of the one mil- | of abéolute and unconditional “annexation? { Honduras is an independent State—she may dispose-of her territory and adopt new iastitu- tions of government at her discretion, as far a8 | consistent with the vested rights of ker people ‘and ustice to her neighbors; an they cannot complain. Her admission into our Union upon ‘her own application would not involve cven "the cause of war which was attached to the an- | nexation of Texas. The republic of Texas was | claimed by Mexico as part of her territories; and even admitting the independence of Texas, the boundaries which she hed assumed could | only be made good by war. Not so with Hon- duras; she has her defined boundaries; her inde- pendence as a republic is nowhere denied, and her annexation, therefore, would be complete with the signing of the parchments between the contracting parties. And from the naval, com- mercial, military, and political advantages which this act of incorporation would confer upon us, we are entirely of the opinion that when Gen. Barrundia shall proceed to lay his proposals of annexation before our government, we should proceed to take them up, and clinch the rivet while the iron is hot. We have nothing to fear from the other States of Central America; but everything to expect—we have nothing to fear from England aud France and their “balance of power,’ for with the free will offering of a free American State they can have no business to interfere. Besides, they have their hands full, just now, in their present business wilh the Cossacks, and are powerless to arrest the ‘‘ manifest destiny” of Central America, should we decide upon it in the annexation of Honduras. On the other hand, should the allies come victoriously out of the war again't Russia, we may reasonably expect that they will give us some trouble, and perhaps a war,in the regulation of Central American affairs. We shall watch, therefore, with interest, the opening of ‘his budget by General Barrundia to our executive government. In the event of a clear, unqualified offer of annexation, the least that Gen. Pierce can do will be to lay the mat- ter before Congress; and whatever may be his recommendations, (and we have no right to ex- pect much,) it will be the duty of Congress to act upon the subject with that deliberation and patriotism which its importance will demand. A prize so important and valuable as the State of Honduras, should not be lightly throwa away. The spirit of our institutions, of the American people, of the age, is progressive; and American patriotism, in its largest sense, js identified with the expansion of the boundaries, the prosperity and the power of the republic. ‘Let Gen. Barrundia speak. He must be heard. Tue Carita, any THE Merroporis.—Within the last few days, the city has been thronged with Senators and members of Congress from Washington. These gentlemen have availed themselves of the adjournment to come here and try to learn the state of public sentiment on their doings during the winter. They know perfectly well that they live in a little world of their own at Washington, and for all practical purposes so far as ascertaining the curreat of American opinion is concerned, might as well be in Kamschatka, Some information on the point reaches them in the newspapers of this city; but even these only reflect a partial por- trait of the movements of the popular miad. To guage these, one must mingle with the throng of a metropolitan city. One must hear men speak, and converse with them ia retura : above all, one must enjoy an opportunity of becoming familiar with every party, every fuc- tion, and every shade of opinion. This cannot be done at Washington, where certain political factions are either unknown or very imper- fectly represented, and where @l the little nesses peculiar to a small city are seen in bold relief. To enjoy the benefit of these ad- vantages, our legislators are compelled tocome to New York, where they see and hear all the different classes of politicians who wield in- fluence in this country, and where they can acquire what is ironically called a knowledge of the world. Hence the moment a vacation oran adjournment takes place, our hotels fill up with Senators and members of Congress; and for a time, at least, New York is actually the capital of the Union. Why should this be only for a time? The miscalculation made by the founder of Wash- ington is now so apparent that no one will still contend that the District of Columbia is ever destined to contain a first class city Washingtoa derives all its importance and nineteen-twentieths of its inhabitants from its being the seat of government; remove the Pre- sident, and it sinks into the obscurity for which it was naturally destined. Now, without en- larging on the folly of building up large cities by adventitious support, to the detriment of rivals who, with equal advantages, would build themselves up, it does scem very absurd that we should be sending our statesmen to an out- of-the-way place like Washington, where they lie secluded and shut out from the world, while in point of fact all the thinking and ac- tive movement of the country’s mind is done here. It is flying in the face of one of the most obvious and imperative laws of civilized nature—that which tends to centralization; and must interpose a formidable bar to our pro- gress. There never was an instance where the various elements of advancement and civiliza- tion converged towards two centres in the same country. For some time a struggle may be carried on between two or more rivals; bat long before either reashes the point of devel- opement attained by New York, the battle is over and the winner obvious, Notbing is clearer than the fact that New York is destined to be the metropolis of America. It must be the centre and focus of letters, art, science, commerce, and political power: andevery year must strengthen instead of lessening the inter- val between it and its rivals. The capitalmay continue to be nominally the city of Washing- ton; but practically the business of legislation will be done here, and the former will oaly serve as a place where acts of Congress are formally passed and registered. Time and money will be lost by keeping the two distinct; when people are tired of losing time and mo- ney, the capital will be transferred to Man- hattan Island, and the present District of Co- lumbia ceded to Virginia. The sooaor the change is made the better it will be for us. PREVALENCE OF Insayrry ty Ruope Isnanp. —The good people of Providence Plaatations have been visited with a mild form of lunacy this spring, which is very distressiag to thoir friends, They are much exercised in body and spirit about the doings of the federal Coa gress, and seem to fancy they are bouuwt to go through some sort of penance therefor. What particular concern they have with th» institu- tions to be hereafter established in Nebraska and Kansas they have not hitherto disglosed; but it seems that they—in Providence Planta- tions—consifffr that they have committed a grievous sin in allowing Congress to make pro- vision for the constitutionalgorganization of those Territories. Accordingly it has been re- solved that the good folk in the colony of Rhode Taland and Providence Plantations shall not enjoy their accustomed recreations on the “4th of July, but shall imstead thereof, hear the ‘bells of the city of Providence tolled heavily thrice during the day. Whether any supple- mental sackcloth and ashes are to be added to this infliction, we are not informed; but if they have been forgotten, we strongly recommend its adoption. Fasting, penance, humiliation and low diet are the very things for the citizens of Providence. Tue Boarp or Excise—Roum Seuuie in New Yorx Durive tHE Last Ten Years.—We are enabled to give to-day some interesting statis- tics relative to the doings of the Board of Ex- cise during the last ten years. The following table shows the number of licenses issued since May 1; also, 9 comparative statement of the difference between the number granted in each ward last year with this, as far as the business has progressed:— 89 137 46 169 235 66 375 54 139 150 311 WL 379 498 119 218 292 1) 203 333 130 none. 220 220 49 212 163 126 445 3820 38 128 90 108 243 137 310 388 58 — ’ Totala.,. sees 2,402 4,407 ‘1,945 It will be seen that there is a decrease of nearly two thousand licenses so far, and it is believed that this relative decrease will be kept up through the city, although each of the wards will have another day’s hearing. The annexed table shows the number of li- quor licenses issued during the year ending May 1, 1852, by wards:— 424 Eleventh ward, Highteenth ward Nineteenth ward lay shes sig sab teaBaee ee TRON The following statement gives a comprehen- sive glance at the licensing business since 1845, with the city population compared:— Fear. Population. — Licen ses. 1845... ory 8,206 1850. ° £ 4,553 1854 estimated. 000 * 4,000 These statistics are as important as the more vital ones which appear in the City In- spector’s report. The mortality vills give the effects—the excise statistics show us the cause. It is gratifying to know that there isa better prospect for the coming year. It is hoped that the number of licenses will be reduced from seven thousand to four thousand, and that the law will be rigidly enforced against unlicensed tippling shops. The “agitation” has already commenced, and a mandamus has been issued by the Superior Court, calling upon the Alder- men and Councilmen of tle Ninth ward to ap- pear and show cause why they refused to grant licenses to certain indignant applicants. The law says the Board of Excise may grant licenses to such persons as they think fit. The members of the Board of Exeise of the Ninth ward say that they did not fiad any fit appli- cants, and in consequence refused all. Some of the Councilmen trom the upper part of the city have also declined to act favorably upoa applications. Too many licenses were granted in some of the lower wards, where rumis a powerful agent in political affairs; and itis probable that in the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth wads,as much rum will be sold this year as ever before, unless the law against unlicensed shops is strictly enforced. If the licensing system is kept from abuse, and the excise law is strictly enforced, we shall have no occasion for any prohibitory law. The teetotal or Maine Law party must be satisfied with regulation, not prohibition, As this party has become an important element in city politics, efforts are now being made to conciliate its leaders. Let them take advantage of this power, and look sharply after the Board of Excise. Tuurtow WEED on CANADIAN ANNEXATION.— We publish to-day, an article from the Albany Evening Journal—the central organ of Seward & Co—urging a commercial union with the Canadas and the contiguous British provinces, “from the important influence” which such a union would have “upon the question of the ultimate annexation” of said provinces to this country. It appears that the insuperable exist- ing obstacle to this annexation is the institu- tion of Southern slavery, under the recognition and protection of our federal constitution. Thurlow Weed, therefore, coincides with Cas- sius M. Clay in this, that as the acquisition of the British Northern provinces would be a full equivalent for the loss of the South, “ freedom should not again be sacrificed to prevent the establishment of a Southern republic.” This is coming to the mark. All disguises will be thrown off by and by, and the naked issue pre- sented to the American people will be uniou or disunion, taking into the Northern section as a make-weight for the loss of the South, the Canadas, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Newfoundland ; and annexing to the Southera confederacy the West India islands, Mexico and Central America as an equivalent for the loss of the North. The subject is one of overwhelming mag- nitude—the alternate issue is distinctly foreshadowed in the new anti-slavery pro- gramme; and yet the friends of the Union, regardless of the danger, are doing nothing, while the leading Congres- sional politicians of the two old demoralized parties are still plotting and squabbling for the public plunder. In 1850-51 we had a Castle Garden Union Safety Committee, liberal in its subsidies to Wall street newspapers that were weak in the back, and overflowing with zeal and enthusiasm in behalf of the Union and the cotton trade, Where is that committee now, when loud-mouthed treason, with its brazen front, is stalking abroad at noon-day, and urging, as a good speculation, the dissolution of the Union? Have the members of this patriotic committee gone over to the enemy, or was their late organization only a Wall street humbug for pulling the wool over the eyes of the cotton growers? Some of the leading ora- tors of this idontical committee tigured con- xpleuously at the recent abolition aati-No- braska meeting at the Tabernacle. Whe re they vow ?—with Cassius M. Clay, Garrison, Parker, Seward, Greeley, and Thurlow Weed ; or with Judge Douglas, the Administration, Captain Rynders, and Joba Cochrane? We thould like to know. ‘Tue Buzcrion or Mayor ar Wasaiveros— Axorayr Apmoisrration Dereat.—Mr. Towers (whig) has been elected Mayor of Washington, over the present democratic incumbent, Mr. Maury. We see by the Washington papers that there has been considerable excitement be- tween the Know Nothings and the Catholics in this election, and that the result is counted as a victory of the Know Nothing party. But we are also informed that Mr. Maury was adopt- ed as the administration candidate, and the suc- cess of Towers is therefore an administration defeat. against the Cabinet, in addition to the late re- sults in New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island, the Cabinet ought to resign. If the result, on the other hand, is intended as a rebuke of the President, he ought to turn them out. When the people of Washington reject a candidate of the administration, with all the power and patronage of the government in its hands, there must be something at the bottom of it besides the Know Nothings. Jvupee Doveras snp Joun CocuRrane o Nepraska—The cordial reception of Judge Douglas at the St. Nicholas Hotel, last Satur- day night, by John Cochrane and a respectable posee from Tammany Hall and the Custom House, has excited considerable curiosity con- cerning the upshot of this extraordinary affair. The hard shell organ of this city, however, has volunteered an explanation of the mystery. It says that “em honest old barnburner made an attack the other day on John“Van Buren, for the course of his friend and confidential servant John Cochrane, on the Nebraska ques- tion ; to which the Prince replied, “Are you such a d——d fool as net to see through the joke?” The joke is then explained, to the effect that the President would be compelled to turn the whole pack of Buffalo free soil office- holders into the streets, unless some of them should endorse the Nebraska bill, to keep up appearances. They accordingly held a caucus, at which it was agreed that the custodian of the scarlet letter should make a public recan- tation in behalf of the tribe, so as to save them in the enjoyment of the spoils. The Surveyor of the Port has thus proved his fidelity to the spoils platform upon every trial: First as the recipient of the scarlet letter, then in ad- mitting the fact, then in refusing to give up the letter, then in denying that he had such a letter, or had ever received such a letter, and lastly in swallowing the Nebraska bill, Judge Douglas and all, with a basket of champagne, at a single sitting. Now, all that is required to make Master Cochrane a water proof national democrat, is to give up the searlet letter, make a clean breast of his free Tf such is the verdict of the vicinage | A soil transgressions, and prove the constitution- ality of his repentance by voluntarily aiding, upon the first opportunity, in catching a fugi- tive slave, Will he do it?—that’s the ques- tion—will he do it? Nothing but a hard penance will straighten up a hard sinner. New York my 1853 anp 1854, Versus Patia- DELPHIA.—For the information of our business community, we give place in our columns toa learned article from the Philadelphia Bulletin, in which the contrast drawn between the dash- ing prosperity of New York in 1853, and its comparative stagnation in 1854, will astonish ovr innocent and unsuspecting readers. The commentary in question, however, lacks one essential element to sound argument: Its pre- mises, assumed as facts, are not true. There are no rows of unoccupied houses in New York. Our houses are full; hundreds of new ones are going up, though the aggregate is not equal per- haps to that of last year, from marine losses, high prices of materials, and other temporary causes Rents have gone up in some cases over one hundred per cent, and all over the city the increase over last year has been a subject of general compleint. Still, it is proot of the continuing and rapidly increasing popu- lation and business of the city. Nor is there any reduction in the substantial trafiic of our merchants with the interior. A few fancy country dealers, unable to meet their bills of last year, may have made their pur- chases of Philadelphia houses this year, as they will probably find out next year. The strikes for higher wages by various bodies of our me- chanics and workmen, this season, have all been acceded to. Labor here finds good employ- ment, although the influx of fifty thousand emi- grants per month keeps up a surplusage of laborers over the amount of work on hand. Inaword, the substantial prosperity of New York has never been upon so good a footing as itis now. Itisasound and wholesome pros- perity—the only material drawback to the mas- ses of our population being the limited capacities of the island. Hence, the pressure of high rents. But even those high rents are an evil which the self-adjusting balances between capital and labor Will in time rectify. We rejoice, meantime, at the prosperity of Philadelphia. She is far in the interior—too re- mote from the salt water to be considered for a moment as a commercial rival of New York. The coal trade and manufactures are the voca- tion of Philadelphia. New York looks out upon the highways of the ocean on the one side, and upon the resources of the continent on the other, and naturally holds the commanding po- sition of the commercial emporium of America. Philadelphia is not, therefore, and cannot be, the rival of New York, for each has a sort of mono- poly of its peculiar interests. We feel no jea- lousy concerning the prosperity of our neigh- bors. It reacts to the promotion of our own, just as the success of provincial towns always contributes, pari passu, to the advancement of the central metropolis. Let our Philadelphia cotemporary, in the true spirit of “ brotherly love,” try it again. OrrictaL Prom Santa Anva—The Washing- ton Union says that “intelligence has reach- ed Washington from reliable sources in the city of Mexico, that Santa Anna will accept tho Gadsden treaty.” Of course he will. He leit the rebellion in Acapulco to come over to Mexico for the first instalment. Perhaps he will be disappointed on finding that Gea. Gadsden has come without it ; and a worse di appointment may aygait his Serene Highnes in the delay of the House of Representatives in furnishing the supplies. Indeed, it is quite possible that Alvarez may yet drive Gea Santa Anna and Gen. Gadsden out of the Mexican capital in the same diligence. We know that his Imperial Magnificence will ac } cept the treaty, although razeed to one-half the original bill; but we can’t rejoice short | of the most authentic information that the thing is done, Things are just as slippery in Mexico as at Washington. The cotton rill, machinery, buildings, water privilsze, | ke., together with about twenty acres of land, at Do ige- vilio, Mtloborough, Mass., wore sold at auction on the Ist inst., for $22,500: "Also the mansion house and ight acres of laud contiguous, for $5,759, FREE MASONRY—ANNUAL COMMUNICATION OF THR G1 Lopcr —The annual June commnnication of the M. W] onorable the Stateof New York, degun last evening at Niblo’s Saloon, the M. W. G Master, R. H. Walworth, in the ebair, and Mu. rand Secretary, ‘There oe easement Todges in the el ance, including 4 tnd ‘country. The Grand Mastor delivered his ann address, and the Grand made bis annual ri port, from which it appeared there are now 2 ines, with 15,000 members, working under. the ju diction of this Grand Lodge. “The receipts of the Lodge for the past year have exceeded nt is @ season of unexam) ge. These 4 in 1849, upon a teebnical question, in volving the number of representatives allowed to lodge in the Grand . There are, we are info about thirty lodges with the organization way. meets at No. 600 Broad: PROPOSED REVOLUTION JN THE OMNIBUS BUSINESS—REDUO TION Ce From Six oad ee this b we pul an account 8 stating pip a ron & Beers’, Dry Dock line of stages, to run an ind ovepd line on this route, and to reduce the fare muployert tocet dewa thal rage be refleage fo tha em cut to notlee we have received the fol commieaioition; James Gonvon Bennett, Esq.— Dean Sin—We, the drive ployed on retot o Messrs. Ji artic your colum: i calculated to, misleas the publi x leave Co correct the impreseio oer ily obtained, Inthe firet place: t baving been made on the 9 ¢ amount o: from “nino dollar: eam Sen $250 aay oa sy; whereas, the probabil shillings had been mado, an the company to consider would have beon agreed to. ® stock company, and {natend of b (60 testable in any public enterprise), Mr; who by all as obliging and considerate, has extend to any of the drivers whose means are ade a diaposed, to purchase ons or meng she ital ok, 4 ca rpend intimatoal auch @ n° intima: ere establishing an independ ate of fare” ‘The greater number of x resumed thelr former positions in the serting this sommunication, a who have eo) your columns necessary correction, you will oblige the d. Signed, ieabuse the public min TF. Bennan, T. Pinney, Luruen H. Wvcanr, EM. Krrona My . Dry Doox, New Yorx, June 5. We huve only to say, in regard to our article, that we received our information, as published, from a reliable source, and there was ® movement among the drivers establish an independent line, aa we stated. We are now accountable for any change in the originul intentions of ‘the partiés interested, since Sunday last. Another com- spunlentien, sent us upon the same subject, reads as follows — Bnrooxtyy, June 6, 1854. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Sm—You had a heer artic! to omnibuse you farther sn 0 drivers to 1 go for oon! ‘alton forry to Hoboken an y ferries, and, if thes the Battery to South ferry, Staten Isand fare: Fulton?) it would be a great accommodation, and I am certain, whe onoe well known, would pay well. "Yours, £0, Notwithstanding the statement in the above corres- , the movement is a good one, and ought to bo} carried out. PHESENTATION BY THE DEAF AND Doan.—The deaf mutee| of this city, on the 8d of June last, at their school room, presented the Rev. Thomas Gallaudet with a complete on Bee! Kitto’s works, in nine volumes. The Rev. Mr. Gallaudet is not only the pastor of the deaf mutes, but is also one of their teachers, and this present—a dirth-day-| gitt—was from a class of tN A The school room was handsomely festooned with roses and evergreens, the whole scene as beautiful as it was touching aud interesting. Mr. F.C. Hortwick, one of tho pupita of Mr. Gallaucet’s class, prepared for the occasion a very" appropriate address, which was delivered, of courae, in the sign language. ‘The address closed with the follow- ing:—*-Dear teacher: The time is fast approaching when some of us must bid adieu to this institution and go home, and others must leave your class to enter a higher one: and on this account we take the opportunity, on this ap- propriate o:ension, to offer you this smail present, and ask you to accept it from your pupils, who respect ant love you as a teacher and ga a friend, who are ever joined to you by the links that pind pupils to their ard who will ever pray that Heaven may clwaya grant you happiness and prosperity on earth, and after life is Hosea. Mr. Gallaudet made s brief reply. The histor; of the deaf and dumb of our city is one of the deepest interest. This society, with us, through the exertions of President Peet, the father of the Deaf Dumb Asylum in Fiftieth street, have advanced to a her iknowledz> of the arts and sciences than ever before in ae of the world. Some are excellent linguists, others i chemists, and all who have passed throagh the New York institution are highly educated and accomplished. The Ih Sass c caters taper pst yan are unwritten seli-sacrifice and goodness. TF BUUDERS ON A Staike.—Last evening a meeting of the boat builders of New York and Brooklyn was at No. 56 Division , for the of consideration the ropeety of striking for an advance of wages. Albert burn was chosen chairman, ani ‘Wilkins secretary. On the chair why ¢ meeting was called, a motion was ree to, that on and after Monday next those em: in the trade should receive $2 50 per day as work- ers, and, in the event of the bosses not i demand, they should make s general strike. A commit- ‘tee of one from each shop was also appointed to confer with their employers. - New York TEMPERANCE ALttAnce.—The usual meet! was held last night at the New York Alliance tent, lo- cated at present on the corner of Thirteenth street and Seventh avenue. We believe baiph ghee of holding these teetotal doctrines hat meet for the genom been oa puccomiel us far, and that succeed in oe large a of —, ro 4 and . Beck were among the speakers, ivered address - es much in the usual style. The have been qnite popular, and will probably be through the summer. Ficnt is Euzaaeravort.—We understand that « fight tock place on Monday afternoon, at Elizabeth; fow Jersey, between the Irish and the German Turn in So- ciety of this city, who were out to this place on an excur- sion. The Turnverie torumor, wer? assaulted: with brickbats and other missi without y. Provoca- tion being given, while about to leave for New York, Upon tI turning upon their: the row becams general, and it is said one Irishman was killed and two or three persons on both sides severely injured. OPENING OF TE MERCANTN.E LIBRARY AT ASTOR PLace.— The inauguration of this institution takes place to-night at its rooms in the New Clinton Hall, at Astor Place. Cords of invitation have been issued to the members of the institution, admitting a lady and tleman. Gov. Seymour is expected to deliver the inaugural speech, which will be followed by other interesting exercises. Mrutary Excurston.—The Caledonian erie fal! Highland costa See aed of Capt s ozte esterday celebrated Cert g 7 a pa H ai at Clifton Park, Vara aot as ‘ by Robinson’s ne ah vous pore oil Sxa1ovs Accrpent.—Yesterday forenoon a bright Lt child, named Heury Waugh, the son of James L. Wany * was playing in the yard of the private children’s sob in Franklin street, when one of his girl, pushed him against the door-lateh, the globe of bis eye, entirely destroying its ‘this — to be a warning in future to these old common latches in our schoo! — inventions which are more prefera! je. 4 Tar Deren Revorsep Syxon.-<The annual sy/of the Dutel, Reformed church meet to-day at Hulyin this bh ‘The ression will perhaps continugr two weeks, Fines.—At 7 o'elgck last evening, the bebang *™ alam for the PYth District, occasioned by y " fre, io the rear of 71 Matversy fico war put out before any damare 5 Avéo'clock, the bells again rung an al¢m fttho Rigth District. The fire companies were al calletoxt, but the alarm proved to be false. ‘Accionst at FULTON Faruy.—Last evening thout half. pact 6 o'clock, as the boat was coming into dirk at this side, aman fell overboard. In the excitemeit to save him from ‘hen | sr man, named Willkm MeCorr mack, of Fulton street, Brooklyn, was Me between the boat and the bridge, and 90 bat , that if was necessary to take him to the hospital, wiere he wa) conveyed by officer Philip, of the Second war DRowNen Man Fouxp.—The body of the nav who fel, overboard from a vessel, off Now Hambiirg, a few days sinee, was found yesterday. Tis name is not known. Testimonial to Capt. Pitch and 6 Amount heretofore reesived Mortimer Jaws 1, Nourst, Raq., ono of the editors of the St Lovis /nteiligencer, died on the Lat instant of cholors after being sick bat twenty-foar hours. Col. Jous W. Jouxson, wn old citizen, and one of the oarlicat Mayors of St. Louis, died in that city on ie 1st spstant.