The New York Herald Newspaper, June 6, 1854, Page 2

18 NEW ABOLITION DISUNION PLATFORM. BOLD AVOWALS OF TREASON. Letter from Cassius M. Clay. WHAT SHALL THE FRIENDS OF REPUBLICANISM DO? To rae Eprror or Tax N. Y. Trisunz— Srr—When some years ago I had the honor of re- plying to an invitation of a portion of the members pee New York Legislature to address them upon the slavery question, I was thought by a fanatic, because I avowed that it was not a question about the African, but “ whether we oarselyes should ke freemen or slaves.” Since then,’what is there sacred in the constitution, in treaties, in laws, in guarantees of liberty, which has not been dese- erated? And now at last those ‘‘ compromises” by which 80 inany of us were humbugged—which were exalted above the “ higher law” of revelation and conscience, are themselves trampled under foot—and by the re- peal of the Missouri restriction—by revolutionary means-—a continent lies in the dust at the feet of the slaveocrats. Thus far our republicanism is a failure. Shall we “give up the ap Shall we return as the dog ‘his vomit, and clothe ourselves once more in th cast-off raga of despotism, admitting ourselves in- capable of self-government and national existence ? ‘or my , though sad--very sad—I am not despondent, Let us use the reason God has given us to remedy the past, and make secure the future. The violation of God’s laws is always wo? We committed a national crime in joining hands with the slaveholders to commit a determined wrong against the rights of the African, and now in due season the poisoned chalice is returned to our own li Tame not 4 to say with the Garrisonians that we are to away at once by revolution from this criminal alliance; but I do say that our only salvation, because the only true repentance, is in making the overthrow of slavery our dominant idea. 1, ‘The one idea of the slaveholders which overrides all principles and measures, is the rule of slavery. fo it must be met, not incidentally—not occasion- jy—not compromisingly, by the friends of sees, By with a oneness of Rae and vivacity and fa- haticism of will equal to theirs. Does any man believe that in a fair contest be- Hye liberty and slavery the wrong will triumph? do not. What then shall be done? 1. In the first place, punish the traitors,asan example for all. future times. I honestly believe that every man of the free States who voted for the repeal of the Missouri restriction deserves death. But there is no legal way of inflicting the penalty—the halter, then, the; must escape. But one thing can be done—brea! them on the wheel of public opinion. Let no man deal with them in business—banish them from the social circle, and disfranchise them practically for- ever. This seems hard, but the race of traitors must die before we can live. 2. Let the elections, even for the most inferior offices, tarn upon the repeal of the Nebraska bill, or its amendment so that the people of the Territo: shal! have the unqualified right to vote slavery out. To de this, the free trader bgt de up his free trade—the tariff man his tariff—manufacturers, shipping—internal improvement, temperance, schools—all must, for the present, be held in abey- ance tothe one great question : Shall America free or slave? 3. Although I think the free democracy are best based to achieve the end, we must tolerate and re- cognize ail parties who will aid as allies. In a Con- gressional istrict where the free democrats have a supposed larger force, let the whigs and democrats re-nominate the free democratic ticket. And where | the whigs or democrats have a supposed larger | force, let the free democrats re-nominate the whig or democratic ticket, so as_to defeat the serviles of | all parties. In the Presidential Nominating Con- | vention, let a delegate be sent from each Congres- | sional district in the Union, of that party which has the Congressman, and let them vote a common can- didate. Such a candidate, thus nominated, can, in | my opinion, be elected triumphantly in 1856. Let that candidate—whether Benton, Seward, or Hale, | or any other good citizen—be chosen without regard to his locality in a free orslave State. For our party is truly national—theirs sectional. | 4. Let os count the cest. All are, I imagine, now convinced that the extreme South is anticipating the dissolution of the American Union, and have | been and now are using the natian all the time for their own ultimate aggrandizement. We must, | therefore, calculate what is to be the result of our success. Suppose, then, a republican elected Presi- dent, on the issue above stated, and that the ultras of the South, in their madness, overawesthe more thoughtful citizens, and secede from Congress, and declare the Union dissolved. Then, either we must whip them in, or allow a peaceable separation, as circumstances shali warrant. If we fight her, we have the advantage of being the government de | ‘acto, We have the organization—the treasury— | he navy aud the army. If victorious, we could compel emancipation. If defeated, we would be abundantiy able to maintain our national existence ainst the world. And with Canada, Western Vir- | ginia, Kentucky, and Mississippi (which would pro- | bably unite with us) annexed, we would form a more powerful people than even now. In such event ‘all the central portion of North America would be ours; andshould Northern Mexi- co prefer our alliance, as she no doubt would, as cot- | ton grows upon all sorts of soils in a given latitude, | we would even be able to raise abundantly that | plant, and the eer cane, for which 80 many seem now willing to sell their liberties. | Under the railroad system, we have less need to regard boundaries by mountains and water courses, and even in that respect. the lakes, the St. Lawrence and the Columbia, to us would be what the Missis- | sippi is now. While the oceans would wash us on | the northeast and west, we could well bide our time | im to expand our dominions over the feeble masters of | ‘the South to the Gulf of Mexico. | But the probabilities are that the South would see | her only safety in the Union, and “acquiesce” in | the “manifest destiny” of the triumph of human rights, and a in earnest to clear herself of slavery; till at last we should become peaceably a homogeneous Reople, and “liberty aad union” be forever established. But ! have already made this letter too long. For myself I am ready to complete the sacrifice and triumph of our fathers of 1776 at all hazards. I | am for no union without liberty—if need be through | dissolution and war. ‘I stand by the declaration,” | trusting ever, till republicanism is vindicated and | the liberties of mankind achieved. Very respectfully, your friend, C.M.Cuay. | Hoeramis Deara mw Crxcrsnati—A VicTIM oF Hypvaornosta.—This most dreadful of all maladies | was exhibited yesterday in all its horrors, in the | aon of John Cookson, late foreman of Semple’s | foundry. The particulars are these :—About nine weeks since, Mr. Cookson, one evening, in returni: from the foundry to his house, near the terminus of | the plank road, was attacked bya large and fero- | cious dog, who bit him in the leg, thigh and arm, be- wide inflicting a slight wound in the face, and ‘li- terally tearing his clothes into ribbons. The wounds, however, did not incapacitate Mr. Cookson from at- tending to his business, and he soon forgot the oc- currenee. On Thursday evening, upon entering his home, he complained of feeling very unwell, and retired early to bed. The night, however, was al- most a sleepless one, egies Sara ‘by horrid dreams nerveus starta; and early in the morning the ‘st aymptoms of hydrophobia made their appear- . Medical aid was procured—in fact, some half oeen physicians were on the spot as soon as the jase became known—but he grew rapidly worse. fie was bled, and for a few minutes appeared some- that calmer; but the horrid fit soon returned, and | it waa a fearful sight to behold the wretched man | foaming at the mouth, casting himself upon the round ba pee to tear the flesh his | bones all time moaning piteously. If it were ibie to enhance the horrors of the scene, it was, the ss’ being was entirely sane, being | conscious of area situation, and earnestly | eatreating the spectators to keep away, lest he it involuntarily do them an injury. He wan tied to the bed, but he succeeded in ‘polding him down, Be saniaeeted to is was in] red to | thin, under the influence of which he slept for half | “When Breathe his | a nervous twitch- | By Rp TR AL rain, for and accompanied b; most vivid was killed ; torn from his and pede toy tem SO i | last time, farewell. May you sustain and cheer many | 1 pray you to still let me dwell in this case ol from the city of Dub- lin to either the North ov Goth iain of Ti ry. The action was brought by Mr. ler ‘a resent ap) ion was grounded on the fact that HT the teens on both sides resided in the comnty Tipeeay In her affidavit Mrs. Kealy characterized the whole pro- ceeding as an attempt to extort money from her, to enable the plaintiff and his six children to return to America, from whence he came back about twelve months since in insolvent circumstances. The credibility of the witnesses and the cha- racter of the plaintiff would be important mat- ters for the consideration of the jury, and on that account the defendant swore that a fair and impar- tial trial could only be had in Tipperary, where the rties were known. As the plaintiff was no mark for costs, she was most anxious to save expense, which would be considerable if she was obliged to bring her witnesses to Dublin. The plaintiff had made an affidavit, in which he assigned, as a reason against the present application, that his attorney resided in Dublin, and would be put to great expense | in going down to Tipperary. He stated that in 1852 he was carrying on asiness as a hotel-keeper in New York, but that, in consequence of the serious illness of his wife, he came to England, where she died, in January, 1853. The defendant’s husband died shortly after, and fr cae or ee an ue to have occurred in following. ug qr He wus asked on a visit by Mrs eal » to her in winding up aftairs which her husband had left unsettled——(laughter)—and at that time it was al- | leged the promise to marry was made by the lady. ir. Mackey, with whom was Mr. Sydney, opposed the sppihanen, on the Foe pg that the affidavit of | the defendant had not stated a sufficient number of reasons to warrant the Court in Granting the appli- cation. It did not state the number of witnesses, | nor, indeed, that she intended to examine any. It was worthy of observation that although the defend- ant could read and write, and keep accounts, she had signed the affidavit with her mark. (Laugh- | ter.) The plaintiff contradicted many of the slan- derous siege made against him by Mrs. Kealy, and averred that it was at her own solicitation he went to reside with her, and do business for her. (Great laughter.) Were it not for her he would have gone back to America; but now she thought oper to change her mind, and to appear very in- Tignant because the plaintiff sought to be com- pan for all the damage she had done to him. (Laughter.) Mr. Sydney followed on the same side. Mr. Cahill replied, and, in doing so, reminded the Court that Mrs. Kealy had sworn that the plaintiff had no property in the world but six children, of which he was anxious she should become the parent. (Laughter.) er oete Rettwey™ Railroad Record. Last we a ptatement of the Ohio rail- ways, then As it is well to know, even in one State, the actual condition of railways at this time, we shall Crs BSc eye view of those in Obie. wah coment most important elements and COMPLETED ROADS IN WHOLE OR PART. Cincinnati, Colambus‘and Cleveland lin: Cincinnati, Deyton and Sendusk; Cincinnati, Wilmington and Zanes Cincinnati and Hillsborough... Cincinnati and Bt. Louis, (part) Faton and Richmond. Dayton and Western Greenville and Miami. Dayton and Mic! y Bellefontaine and Indiana. Springfield and Columbus Columbus, Piqua and Indiana, Miles. 218 90 87 a) » 4 36 46 18 19 102 86 ut 1 Columbus and Wheeling line, (part). soidusky, ‘Mansel aka Newark Scioto and Hocking Valle; 45 Tron Road, ‘3 Cleveland UT Cleveland 70 Cleveland and Pittsbu; 99 Cleveland and Zanesvil ry Ohio and Pennsylvania. 143 Ohio and Indiana, ( 38 Cerinanes, Mount 45 Findlay Branch Steubenville and Indiana Of this aggregate, 357 miles have, been opened since the first of November last, about six months. Of all these lines, about 500 miles remain to be com- Bete inorder to reach the ultimate termini. All of em have the ability to go on with their several works till finished. will make what may be called 2,200 miles of completed railway, in ndent of double tracks. Three or four of these are now double track’, as a matter of indis- engaged | pensable necessity to their growing business. OF THE RAILWAYS IN PROGRESS The following are the most important :— Cincinnati and Marietta, 260 miles. This work has about seventy miles graded, and nearly all the route much worked upon. From Chillicothe to both freight and. passenger trains. It iy expected t and passenger , expec the whole distance from Cincinnati to the coal mines, about 125 miles, will soon be opened. Cincinnati and Dayton Short Line, is about 52) miles. This comprehen: e great tunnel of 10,000 feet, of which have cut. The whole line is now under construction. ‘ . Cincinnati, Xenia and Cleveland Short Line. Be- tween Cincinnati and Cleveland, by this route, will be 220 miles. From Cincinnati to Delaware is under contract. Clinton Line, between Tiffin and the Pennsylvania State line, is constructing. ‘Tiffin and Fort Wa: The Court granted the application. ‘Theatres and Exhibitions. Broapway THEATRE—The grand spectacle of “Faustus,” which has been prodaced in great splen- dor, is announced in for this evening. ‘My Young Wife and my Old Umbrella” will commence | the entertainments. Bowery Bodie it receipts of this evening are for the benefit Mr. Thorne. The pieces se- lected for the occasion are the rémantic spectacle of “Faustus.” ‘(The Cherokee Chief,” in which Messrs, Cony and Taylor will appear, will close the enter- | tainments. Nrsto’s Garven.—The Ravels, who are drawing large assemblages, sppeat to-night, in comic panto- mime and ind ballet. Mlle. Yrca Mathias ap- pears as Bella,in the ind ballet of that name. “The Red Gnome and White Warrior” concludes all. Nationa, TweaTrRE.—The new drama entitled “Amy Lawrence, or the Freemason’s Daughter,” | will commence the entertainments at this establish- | ment, and they will close with the “Fairy Light Guard”. Mr. and Mrs, Prior, and Mr. C. W. Taylor, in the leading parts. | Watwack’s THeatre.—This well-ventilated and | comfortable theatre is visited every night by large audiences. The comedietta of a “(Morning Call,” and Buckstone’s comedy of ‘Leap Year,” are the pieces selected for this evening’s amusement. American MuszuM.—The selections for this af- ternoon are “Away with Melancholy” and “An Alaming Scarifice.” In the evening the drama en- titled “Rafaelle” will be presented. Cunisty’s Minstrets continue to give their pleasing and very amusing negro delineations every evening. Woop’s Minsrrexs are drawing large audiences. The burletta of “Uncle Tom's Cabin” is again an- | nounced for this evening. 's SerENADERS.—The burlesque opera of ich is audiences e evening. Mammorn Tree.—The great California tree which is being exhibited every day and evening at No. 596 Broadway, should be seen by all our citizens, a great curiosity. Sienor Burtz gives an entertainment in Wash° | ington Hall, Astoria, this evening. MRS. MOWATT’S FAREWELL TO THE STAGE. | On the 2d instant, as before announced, Mrs Mowatt took her final leave of the stage at the How ard Athenwum, in Boston. At the conclusion of the play (‘‘Ingomar”) she was called before the cur- | tain, and addressed the audience :—~ Lapms axp GENTUEMEN—I ie! before you for the last time, and to utter t farewell. How can I do so without being moved bythe recollection of the first oc- | casion when I stood before a Boston audience, and by them was tenderly ushered into that professional life which I nowlay aside, bappy in the consciousness that | its obligations are fulfilled, its trials over? When the rative yoice of duty summoned me from the sphere of ¢ to test what faculties I possessed, to labor and | struggle in a public arena, I chose your city, w ‘a species | of instinct, for the scene of my first efforts. chose it | decause it has been called—and who shall deny that it i: rightly designated —the “Athens of America.” Be: cause where there is true taste, high refinement, and a comprehensive love of art, there is always more leniency towards the feeble and uncertain efforts of the novice artist. That J made no error in my selection was proved by your greeting, which I so well remember, by your forbearance towards the imperfections of my youth and inexperience, by your hearty approval of those abilities, =, as they must have been) that were then mani- | ested. In appearing before you as a public reader, the experiment I made was a novel and perhaps a bold one, for it was at that time almost without precedent in | country. But that Iwasa woman, standing alone and | unsupported—that I was unheralded and almost un- | known, did not prevent your giving mean impartial } hearing. You did not attempt to sexualize mental gifts, | to say the lips of man should interpret the posts, but | the ty of woman must be sealed. I may address to ou the words that Corinne uttered to her an coun- rymen :— You, 0 Lope nation, Banish not woman from the fane of glory! Ye bid me to its portale—not by you Are deathless talents sacrificed or dimmed By worthless jealousies! Your voice is prompt, Aye, to applaud young Genius’ upward flight— Genius, the conqueror who disdains the spoil— | The victor with no victims. It is for this—for that first warm frecting that I have now most deeply to thank you; for the events that night gave their col to my Whole future career. And now | that my long day of trial has drawn to a close, I come | back to you, my first public friends, to make my last professicnal efforts before you, and to tell you that you will ever remain frat in my grateful memory. In bid- ding you adieu, I cannot but express a hope that the drama will éver be cherished by you, and that by you it may be | whoily freed from thoee abuses which have shadowed its | lustre and impaired its usefulness. There must be a | ing point for #ll reform, and what your city has al- | ready effected towards that reform, proves that in com- mencing here, its onward progress is assured. It was re that our theatres were ftifet pu from their worst evils—here that it was wed that the drama | could flourish separated from those evils which are no | more a legitimate part of the stage itself than a tempera- Fy disease is a part of an afflicted mortal. What an in- stroment of good the drama was designed to be! What a | mighty instrument it can be made, it is in your power to rove. I, who have loved it perhaps too well, have no earer wish, in laying aside the mantle of the actress, | than to impress this truth upon you. And now, for the who wiil follow me, as you have cheered me, and thoug! fome may more worthily fill the place I cease to occupy, your remembrance. oe Pe amid the a deafgning cheers, while at her feet was a pedestal of countless jnets. Mrs. Mowatt is to be married to-day, at Ravensiyood, L. I. | Chicago Press publishes the following verbatim copy of a verdict rendered a few days since by a Coro- ner’s Jury, upon the of a female child found upon the lake hte Stare or Introrse, Cook , a8. At an inquisition taken for the 1 of the State of Mlinoise’and county of Cook day of Ma: ‘a. d. 1854 before Mr. Austin Hynes Coroner of the body of Fe- dead | len of of Cook» she came $ death un- our per exe. border Indians the Platte he oor nn Dong ed also received direct orders from the ¢ at | Besides which, there are 1 drawing very large | y night, is announced again for this | Of the Cleveland and Erie, and the Sandusky and | From the | bers :— | Little Miami Ratiroad | strictest rules of financial estimation. This is a Verpict oF a Catcago Coroner's Jury.—The | several ton Line, 102 miles, is under contract. Pittsburg and Cincinnati Railroad, via McCon- nellsville, artly under construction from McCon- nellsville to Cambridge. ‘These lines are now in course of construction, under such circumstances as will probably secure their completion. ote comprehend about 600 miles, and will bring the wate to 2,800 miles. miles of additional railway projected; and much, without doubt, will be accomplished. On the whole, there is scarcely a doubt that within five years full 4,000 miles will be made in Ohio. The stringency of the money market only increases the time required to th the roads. It will not prevent the completion of any. We neither have, nor shall have, such severe pressure in the financial world as will prevent the invest- ment of surplus capital, coeey accumulating, in whatever business is likely to afford Every day demonstrates with more certaint; fact that Western railways are profitable, an: remain so. On this subject we present, A VIEW OP PROFITS. The only lines in Ohio which have been in opera- tion long enough to give a view of their receipts, are the Cincinnati, Columbus, and Cleveland; the Cincinnati, Dayton, and Sandusky; the Hamilton and Eaton; the Greenfield and Miami; the Sandus- ky, Mansfield, and Newark; the Cleveland and | Pittsburg; the Cleveland and Erie; the Ohio and Pennsylvania. Of these roads we give below the cost and the gross net receipts, after deducting the expenses for 1853:— | Gross Net | Cost receipts. _ receipts. Little Miami..........$8,480,140 $067,558 $352,132 Columbus and 1,291,700 168,612 Cleveland & Col q 611,097 Cincinnati and 200,956 Mad River. 118,401 Eaton and 49,974 | Cleveland and Pit 267,278 | Greenville and Miami.. 22/821 $28,089,688 $3,595,683 1,78: Aggregates........ | Mansfield roads, we have no returns. above aggregate, it appears:—— sl 1. That the aggregate cost of the roada is $23,- | 089,688. 2, That the receipts were 8} per cent on the entire cost. 8. That the net receipts are about 50 per cent of the gross receipts. THE INTRINSIC AND MARKET VALUE OF STOCK. Collecting the aggregate value of stock in market, by the quotations of the American Railroad Jour- nal, we have the following result in round num- $3,860,000 ,a prolongation of tlie Clin- | large profits. | the | will | the Londoa 1 Tpereronh appeared in the pore oe Sine eaten from —— ited to Congress. Since that other documents the game source have been pub- pews a eet tality tod Nothing contributes to throw nore are . ican Post Office Department are, in fact, valuable state papers, not unworthy the attention of English statesmen, as they may see therein the sources by which national enmity may be kept alive. Some idea of the rapid progress and increased extent of it molern iblic may be formed from the fhat in 1853 nearly 2,000 new post offices were estab- lished in the United States; that during that je the length of the mail routes had increased 4,000 miles, and the annual ae and tl try is 61,892,542 miles, two-thirds the distance of the earth from the sun. The American at have established, by American packets, a weekly mail communication with England, and a fortnightly one with France, Bremen, Central America, the Pacific,and California. It contemplates ge a mail communication with California through Mexico, and ene nearly half a million s' g a'year—as much as is paid the Oriental and West India Mail Companies in Eng- lend—to bring San Francisco within ten days’ post of New Orleans. At the present time the mere in- ternal postal arrangements of California, such as conve’ letters from one place to another, cost the American government 30,0001. a year. Although the United States government promptly threw its postal network over California when it ‘was first populated, it was not prompt enough, for the gold diggers themselves improvised post-offices and lotter-camiers at an enormous cost, ‘ba remsins of which exist at the present time. In speaking of California the United States Postmaster General says And notwithstanding the government incurs a heavy unrefunded expenditure in supplying the citizen of that State with his letters, newspapers and other mail mat- ter, the citizen himself employs other facilities for the conveyance of his letters, and pays, therefore at a rate from twenty to forty fold greater than the government charges for similar services. The facilities referred to hoe sereee. Pi tees has not been — ie keep pace, in its 01 ments, with movements of the ‘miner. His settlement Issuddenly made and rapidly extended, long before the mail con- tractor and postmaster can be provided. The express- men are at haud, and the wants of the miner are imme- diate. His orders are all sent by them to the central post-office, to which, not knowing where his eventual lo- cation will be in the gold region, he has directed his let- ters to be addresred. The ere has favored the expressman in the prompt deli ef his letters, and jpas received in return a compensation much larger per etter than any commission ever allowed him by the go- vernment. express charge is one dollar per letter, two dollars, and so on, rising, in some instances, to five dollars, according to distance. Once commenced, the habit of the miner relying on the express is continued long after the post-office and the mail route have reached his neighborhood. In 1845 a reduction of postage took place in Ame- rica, and the postal revenue fell off 27 per cent in consequence. This falling off, however, was soon reduced to 14 per cent. took place, and the revenue fell off 224 per cent, | which was soon afterwards reduced to 164 per cent. | best portion of the industrial population ot The postal report says:— The failure of the revenue from letter postage to reco- ver, during a perion of almost unexampled prosperity and commercial activity, with the same rapidity under the act of 1851 as it did under the act of 1845, may be seqounted for upon the supposition that the latter act hofalready stimulated the correspondence of the coun- try nearly to the highest point of which it was capable, and that, therefore, the act of 1851 afforded but little further inducement to use the mails. Owing to the operation of the postal alterations in 1851, a large portion of correspondence is now sent to and from Ufferent towns in America at one half-penny a letter. In the United States the pre- | and stamped envelopes, | sent annual sale of stam; the individual value of which ranges from sixpence to a half-penny, is about 100,000,000. Fifty, thousand persons emigrate to the United States from the German dominions yearly. the lat- ter country has been escapiag from the leaden and stupid despotisms there, to get elbow room and breathe the air of libert; | Europe at Bremerhaven, and the American govern- Columbus and Xenia 1,382,000 Cleveland and Colum! 4,410,000 Cincinnati and Dayton 2,560,000 | Faton and Hamilton 640,000 Mad River......... 3,160,000 Cleveland and Pittsburg. 2,724,000 Greenville and Miami. paid by the net receipts is 9 per cent. An eight per cent stock, however, will be allowed by all per- sons to be intrinsically worth par, allowing for taxes and charges. The railway stocks of Ohio are, there- fore, now to be bought in the market at full Ms map per cent below their real value, calculated 3 the irect nt money e demand , for mence of what is called a st market. But while this fact remains, for railways will not be material: the simple reason that railwa: ocks offer the est temptation to the money holder. At the mnt time, real estate, in all our great cities, is enor- ey high, and cannot be invested in without the risk of a great depreciation in price. The business | of railways, however, does not diminish, but in- creases, 80 that a relative fall in their value is not to be looked for beyond what has already The above view of the Ohio railways proves one thing conclusively, that the investment in Ohio rail- ways has been advantageous te all the parties, while it is equally clear that they have contributed largely to the prosperity of the country. Sheep Shearing Festival in Wisconsin. A sheep shearing festival was held at Whitewa- ter, Wis., on the 3lat ult. Pens for the sheep were prepared, so arranged as to form a circle—the inside of which was Gro by the shearers. There were from 1,000 to 1,500 persons present. There were seven shearers to contend for the prizes, and each was to shear five sheep and do up the ,wool—the work the best, taking into consideration the time consumed in doing it. Ateleven o’clock the shearers commenced operations, and began to make the wool fly, and at the close the following premiums were awarded :— For the best shegrer, C. Lewis, Waterville... . Second best do., G. H. Canfield, Waterville. Third best do., H. lemenway, Richmond. The following was the time —<- by_ the 2 shearers :— Canfield, for ci a & McCarter. 2 1 2 15 2 38 2 02 2 54 od 45 e 2 E £ 5 i f Fy i n eae To eye Sprince.—' gray Saratoga whic reel Fe gag May These who intend at the snmmer season, who 4 2g ¥ z = 2 f F B rH : age iE 3388 se be desirous with their friends at a dis- nicatil ve! r tance near find that premiums to be awarded to those who did their | | in view great- | taken place. | i ment have reduced the postage between the United States and ‘Bremen, in consequence, to 5d. All the States of the German Austrian Postal Union have | the advantage of this reduction, when their posta; to and from Bremen, for letters to and from the United States, is aid. a letter, or less.. Austria, Prussia, and Saxony have made the requisite reduc- tion to get the benefit of the fivepenny rate, and the whole of the German States will, it is expected, come vis the eee e follow! , copied from the United States Postmaster General's. ro ocean postal reform, and for its consideration of the feelings and interest of emigrants. The reduction of the letter by the Bremen line to one half the former rate offers greatly improved facili- on for the corres; fede’ Loved an of urope. propriety ‘action will be apparent of the fact that the sea 4 dence between this country and Europe, has generally, and in my opinion most justly, been considered as quite too high. It is, moreover, as well our interest as our duty to extend to the large arid increasing German popu- lation of the United States, and to their friends at tas the most liberal means of communication practicable. The complaints of the American Post Office | vernment are, that the British | against the British packets are unduly favored with the of the closed mails for Canada, &c.,and that the British big ag charge higher proportionate transit ues for the ——e of American mails through England than the United States government does for the passage of English mails through the United States territory. Moreover, the British government has refused all the overtures from the American Post Office, to reduce the exorbitant rates on Se magazines. A final attempt to ob- iberality and fairness was to be made by sub- mitting the whole matter again to Lord Clarendon. To the credit of the American government Fit manifests the utmost kindness and consideration for the Post Office officials, of whom there are upwards of 30,000. A large portion of these are in humble capacities, and cannot be afforded lucrative emolu- ments, but they can and do receive great attention and kindness as rewards forthe exercise of intelli- gence and trustworthiness. The Post Office authori- | ties in America seem to be fully aware that to out such a department as their own with advantage to the public, requires a cordial co-operation of the whole staff of officials, and that such co-operation cannot co-exist with chronic discontent. ‘The American Post Office documents reveal the rapid growth and amazing extent of the great mod- ern republic, and manifest great industry and ad- ministrative capacity of its subordinate government officials. No matter how wide the territory or scat- tered the lation of the United States, the gov- ernment that country, taking the initiative promptly, bind all together by social advantages, calculated to promote internal trade, general educa- tion, and affectionate intercourse. rite looking abroad on Europe, and witnessing the misery arising from present and previous kingly ambition and dy- nastic quarrels, one cannot but envy the freedom from overwhelming debt and trouble enjoyed by the United States government. The reduction of the rate of discount by the Bank of France is thus noticed by the Paris press. The Dee, of May 13, says—- time agoa the invaluable effect metallic reserve crease of the demands made fi ait ction had the ba: to neck ty = in! check the exportation of its which could only be effected by diminish: ‘ald accorded to the p lic, or in other terms, by the rate of The situation then and money came back. The bank now rate of interest, which is a Woy lenient On 12, the ik rate of i 3 EI { 3 if “H a3 3 nb ge rt i tt it “il = 5 gE ap e238 Ey & il x E ee 333.5 eo ie i A > & i 3 z i § E | in 1851 another reduction | The | in the colossal Western | republic. The vast tide of emigration emerges from | a General's report, deserves to be | written in letters of gold for the sanction it gives to | ‘tage on all correspon- | crisis. The insufficiency of the to have, among other consequences, it e tion of specie to pa’ which we were obliged to purchase |, and, in the second pane, to reduce Lag consumption and business, by forcing every man to pay a r sum for his food, The ity of the bank in that ion was sears, traced out. As dangers revealed them- selves and became more pressing, it was bound, on the one hand, to endeavor to slacken the e: - tion of specie, and,on the other, to moderate ina certain degree the spirit of enterprise and oe tion. The bank, must be admitted, adopted the most prudent precautions in the saccom- lishment of this ult mission. It main- ed the interest at 3 per cent, for several months after the Bank of England had increased But at last it was to yield to neces- sity. When, in September last, the metallic reserve bee 355. e Oe rate of ed aera per cent. exportation apecie vi again increased, and reserve having fallen in January to 295,000,000f., the rate of discount was again raised, and fixed at 5 per cent. These measures were called for by circumstances, and ac- cordingly ey were acce| by the commercial classes without any o! ion. But it was evident that this igo could oni be essent temporary; that it would not fail th the cause which occasioned it; that during the last few We have agen the decrease of the me- tallic reserve make room for an increase, which has regularly continued, and which ended by taking large proportions. Thus, by the mont of March, the bank Ce of about 12,000, ., and it increased by From that time the ascensional movement has energetic: continued. The increas’ was 77,000,- 000f. in the and the reserve reached us that the reserve is at present 409, have, then, the amount of as seven or eight months ago, before the crisis was felt, and when the bank discounted commercial bills and made.advances on public securities at 3 per cent. The conclusion is evident. Not only has e export of specie been checked, not only have we no mon embarrassments to dread, in- stead thereof money flows to the bank, and is in France everywhere most abufdant. The moment has then come to remove the onerous conditions which circumstances rendered it necessary to im- pose on trade and manufactures. ‘The Shi of E ind. The London News says the Parliamentary Blue Book under the above title, which is annually pre- sented to Parliament, has just been “published 1 for the year 1852. It comes at an appropriate time. Wintry gales, long nights, and dark fogs are the fit accompaniaments for so fearful a of wi@cks and devastations. In running the eye down the column of casualties, we light upon 12 lives lost, 15 lost, 36 lost;.45lost, 75 lost, 100 lost, “all lost,” | ‘all drowned.” Could it be credited were it not for the official accounts, with the authority for each case appended, that 1,115 wrecks, with a loss of 920 lives, occurred on the coasts, and within the seas of the United Kingdom, in the single year of 1852? Yet so itis. Of this number 533 were total wrecks, the remainder stranded and damaged so as to re- quire to discharge cargo. With the present number of the Life Boat Joure nal is also presented a wreck chart of the British Isles, showing all the casualties to shipping which occurred in the seas and on the shores of the United mata cee in the 1852, amounting to the fearful number of 1,115 wrecks. Let the reader pause a moment and cast a‘careful look at the chart. Each black dot in the gable border which sur- rounds the shores signifies a wreck, in 533 cases a total wreck, and in all other cases such an amount of damage as to require the veasel to dis charge her cargo to repair. The number of lives lost, as far as assertained, although ddéubtless many are not recorded, is 920. Reflect for a moment on | the vast amount of misery that this loss of life must | entail on surviving relatives and friends bereaved by this fearful visitation, independently of the loss of life to the unfortunate sufferers themselves, and ask yourself the question: ‘Have I not the er to prevent to some extent the recurrence of 1 | distress 7”? , Gladly as we would enlist the sympathies of all in the cause we advocate, we do not wishto excite , © passing feeling in the tender-hearted, but, by a simple relation of facts and figures, to appeal to the sense of duty in our countrymen, and especially to the wealthy merchanta of this vast metropolis and of the large cities of. Manchester, Birming- ham, Sheffield, York, and Leeds, happily removed as they are by locality, from the pain of being eye- witnesses of these scenes of distress, and ask them to aid us, with their purse and with their prayers, in the eacred cause in which we are engaged, of the preservation of life from shipwreck. From the er attached to the register we learn that the casualties in each month were as fol- lows:—January, 126; February, 77; March, 32; April, 44; May, 41; June, 29; July, 18; August, 42; September, 85; October, 164; November, 189; De- cember, 268—total, 1,115. Of these 464 occurred on the east coast of Great Britain, 158 on the south coast, and 235 on the west coast. 128 wrecks strewed the coasts of Ireland, 5 were cast on shore at Scilly, 9 at the Islands,18 on the Orkneys and ,and 18 at the Isle of Man; the remaining 80 occurred in the sur- rounding seas. The of January caused 126 casualties, as shown ;, they prevailed during the whole month and the early part of Fel ; the ring, summer, and automn were moderate, on the 28tlOctober an easter! le began that in six days strewed the coast with 102 wrecks. Strong breezes and a short lull of moderate weather were followed by gales of ordi: force at this period of the year, but on the 24th mber a heavy storm from the southwest burst over the country, and con- tinued to the end of the year, with such violence that by the 29th there was scarcely a vessel in the neighborhood of the British Islands left at sea; some had found safety by rye into port, while of others the returns p des a list of 183 casualties, of which 108 were totally wrecked, making a daily av- be of 30 wrecks during this awful and destractive ale. 8 The whole loss of life on year, as far as has been ascertained, amounts to 920. Of these, 100 were lost in the Amazon, destroyed by fire on the 4th gencery, at about 90 miles from the Land’s End; 13 in the Columbus, wrecked on the 6th January, near the Hook Lighthouse, Waterford, owing to the neglect of the Dunmore pilots; 12 in the John Toole, wrecked January 27,0n the Arran Isles, near Gal- way; 15 in the Amy, wrecked March 23, at the Seven Heads, near Rinsale; 75 in the Mobile, wreck- ed September 29, on the Arklow banks; 10 in the Ernesto, wrecked October 27, near Boscastle, Corn- wall; 15 inthe Minerva, wrecked November 11, near the Bar of Drogheda; 15 in the Ocean Queen, wrecked Dec 26, at Wembury, near the Ply- mouth Mewstoné; 45 in the Loftise Emile, wrecked December 28, at Dungeness; 15 in the Hi erston iron screw collier, lost in the gale of December 27, off Filey; 36 in the Lily, stranded December 28, in the Sound of the Isle of Man, when her cargo ig- Sten Sd Ste a wi de ee - ed December 28, in ie , Wexford; and 10 in the Broad Ouk, wrecked December 29, in Dunlogh Bay, Skibbereen; the remainder were lost in smaller numbers on the coast or in vessels that foundered in the adjoining seas; making in all, 920. It is stated in the of the National Instita- tion for Preservation of Life from Shipwrecks that nearly — hundred wrecks, with the loss of 870 lives, took place during the year 1853. The shows that, besides having spent about £7, on lifeboats, and £9,000 on rewards for saving life, this society, which has now been oe years, has voted to brave men gol general interest:—The number of demned for different offences, and are called “Maisons Centrales de rection,” twenty-one in number, December, 1862, 19,750, not gemned soldiers, sailors and Arabs the bombar/iment by the lo-] fe ee three students of the Lyceuq acts of devotion and dauntlessy the hottest of the fire, Deministre and 4 ‘went several times to battery No. 6, u wi the ed thelr & quarter en last. ports are valued at £518,071 58.64. This,as q Yer of last year, shows an excess of £2 388 18 The customs duties amount for the to 239 16s, 1d., anc the rte favor of the of exports for the quarter are estimated 4s., show: a ce in favor of of -£26, 188, The a} the last quarter of 1852, however, was 2% 040 10s., against ‘an bi aly Bc dle qu a £17,865; bran and A malt, £150; hay, £12,225; ore, £13,440; and wodl, £38,1 the export of breadstuffs, as compared mnarter of 1852, is £14,134 10s.; and of hay, £19, copper ore there has been an increase f but in copper a decrease of £3,361. A letter from Cracow of the 9th of May, in the Deutche Post, of Vienna, says:—It is certain th Russian corps, about 2,000 strong, accompanied artillery and stores, is marching towards our fi tier, and is on the road from Warsaw to Kielic. vacancy in see of Cracow, which has exi since the death of the last Lope she not b filled up. When Cracow was a town h protecting powers had the right of nominating confirming the bishop; but since Cracow has be fort of the Austrian Emperor, Austria claims sole ight of nomination. Russia, however, puot this, as a considerable part of the ¢ ¢ bishopric are situated in Poland. We read inthe Paris Moniteur of May 14th A letter from the commissary of the ekpeditbn'ot Podor bus compbetely sugee 1e eX} of jor has com succeed The Preach troops have taken possession of Pag and occupied the land round it, on which our e lishment is to be constructed. The exp tionary army, led pe Gors Pita Captain Pro was attacked by about 2,000 of the nati¥ were, however, quickly dispersed by his how't The dition only had two men ‘killed, and slightly wounded. The sornie ee ae the manner in which every one , rere di ‘The marines showed themselves of ardor. Courier du Havre M. Me; the forts ate captain of the Powhatas, wished have pte the sea Midge EA voyage, which ended so tragically. re: worth shout 1,00,000fr., he endlenvored ms sell vessel at Havre, but not peta ae D he was compelled against his will to commaud of the Powhatan, in which was fated to perish at the end of her last A letter from Leipsic states that the fair of tl foi this year very badly attended, and lit is done. In other years there have Russia and Poland, but year there are any. A young man of Wimille, (Pas de Calais, Fran who was exempted from the he has a brother a substitute to a weal but instead of ‘Ali Pacha, se Oreped nk Pst asap Po same Order on y Ismail Pacha. os The foreign princes who are of of England are the King Baer the the Em of Russia,'the Wortertiens, the King of the King | Saxony, the reigning of Saxe tT reigning Duke of Brunswick, the rei Saxe Cobourg and Gotha, and the i ingen. The Milan Gazette of the 7th of May publishes ministerial notification i — money or bills , ke, it high trengon from such as : bills, Koseuth’s