The New York Herald Newspaper, May 28, 1854, Page 3

The Nebraske- Kansas Bill. ‘We give annexed, for the benefit of all concerned emigrants particularly, a condensed epitome of e House bill enacting a law for the government o¢ ebrasks and Kansas Territories. This bill has ed the Senate and House, and on Monday it wil) ceive the signature of the President, and thereby come the law of the land. We have preserved the portant sections of the bill, and omitted only those no particular import :— A BILL 0 ORGANIZE THE TERRITORIES OF NEBRASKA AND ¥ KANSAS. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre- ntatives of the’ United States of America, in Con- frees assembled, That all that part of the territory the United States included within the following mits, except such portions thereof as are herein- er €2 Sera from the operation of this , to wit : ny at the western termination the boundary divi the States of lowa and fissouri; thence west on 1 to the summit if the highlands separating the waters flowing into Breen river or Colorado of the West from the waters 0 into the Great Basin; thence northward on he highlands to the summit of the Rocky moun- ine; thence on said summit northward to the orty-ninth parallel of north latitude; thence east n said lel to the western boundary of the Ter- itéry of Minnesota; thence southward on said boun- to the Missouri river; thence down the main phan ns of enanept wig place of beginning De, nd the same is hereby, create: porary overnment by the mame of the Territory of el ; and when admitted as a State or es, the said Territory, or an: ortion the same, shall be received into the Union, ith or without slavery, as their constitu- hon may ibe at the time of their admis- ion : Prov , That nothing in this act contained hall be construed to inhibit overnment of the Dnited States from dividing said Territory into two more Territories, in such manner, and at such times, as Con; shall deem convenient and ber, or from any weep a ik ry o any other State or Terri of the United States Sr pe senaaroed fo iupelt the rights of parva, b mn} ° property now pertaining to the Hilane id suid Ter long as such rights shall remain unex- between the United States and an) which, by re not, wit the con- ibe, to be included within the terri- ; bat all oe hall'be exoopted out of ory; su al excepted out eee ebrasko, anil anid tide guilty tualr ory of Nel , unt the United States to be included within the said Territory of Nebraska, or o affect the authority of the government of the Dnited States to e any regulation respecting such Indians, their lands, property, or other its, by treaty, law, or othi , Which it would have been competent to the government to make if t had never been pernns. # Bec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the execu- tive er and authority in and over said Territory 0 Nebraska shall be ‘vested ina Governor, who hall hold his office for four }, and until his suc- qualified, unless goon- e President of the United States. be commander-in-chief of the militia thereof, perform the duties and receive the emoluments of Superintendent of Indian and shall ap- all laws passed by the Legislative Assem- they shall take effect; he may grant par- respites for offences against the laws of said {Terr and reprieves for offences against the laws- of the United States, until the decision of the Presi- dent can be made known thereon; he shall commis- ho shall be appointed to office un- said Territory, and shall take care the laws be faithfully executed. 8. And be it further said Territ his office for , Un- the President of the United and preserve all the laws lative Assembly herein- the acts and proceedin; executive department; he copy of the laws and journals of the Legislative Assembly within thirty days after the end of each session, and one copy of the execu- tive proceedings and official correspondence semi- annually, on the first of Jani and July in each year, to the it of the United States, and two copies of the laws to the President of the Benate and to the Speaker of the House of Repre- sentatives, for the use of Congress; and in the case the death, removal, resignation, or absenceof the tind bola hereby, sutharisod pd required te exzorts reby, uired to ute id duties of the Gover- form all the powers an: ee herr such vecane or absence, or until ano- ther Governor shall be ly appointed and qualified ‘to fill such vacancy. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted the Le- and authority of said Te shall Le; ve .Assem- fe vested inthe consist of a bly. The i ie seeonhed, y att z imc (2 a Es ii ES Ey Hi) iv vee uy ri 5 : Fe E is : ? » by therein for six mene, & tt by the Legislative As- be submit to the Con- << f 7. And FLEE 4 é F i Q gg | iF ul 5 i fe Lt; EE F' aH Py a | i i F evRESED ae Eeetadeey: t soe Ty é i if a HH i} z iy if i I ; | E iu u pert i Hi ae # i E i L} a : é i i Es i E ag) r E rf i i a = un fF 8 s fe q Eg Eg o 3 £ 3 ae fet; B 4 | point on the western boun ‘souri, tes, shall be | and has been for that period | permanent domicil, residence, habita- | no effect. be it further enacted, That all town- | an, of said Tet to any othe: -| State oe Tortvory of the United State’ Provided Court, without regard to the 4 or controversy ; except aie ih writ of error or } be allowed United States, Supreme Court created y this act, or of tyke Lot or of tay Judge, thereat writ OF upon any habeas corpus, inv the question of personal freedom: Provided, that herein contained shall be construed to apply to or the proy of the “act itives from ice, and persons escaping from the service of their masters,” approved February twelfth, seventeen hundred an inety-three, and the “act to amend and supple: mentary to the aforesaid act,” a) Septem! Sahlentysiphtees: hundred and fifty; and each of the said ict Courts shall have same X sat in all cases arising under the con- stitution and laws of the United States as is vested in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States; and the said Supreme and District Courts of the said Territory, and itive judges thereof, shall and may ‘grant writs of habeas corpus in all cases in which the same are Sranied by the ju of the United States in the District of Columbia; and the first six days of every term of said courts, or so much thereof as be necessary, shall be appropriated to the trial of causes arising under the said constitution and laws, and write of error and appeal in all such cases shall be made to the Su- preme Court of said Territory the same as in other cases. The said clerk shall receive in all such cases the same fees which the clerks of the District Courts of Utah Territory now receive for similar services. Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That the respecting visions of the act entitled “An act ing fagitives from ice, and persons escaping from the service of masters,” approved Fel twelfth, one thousand hundred and ninety- seven three, and the provisions of the act entitled “An act toamend and supplementary to the aforesaid act,” approved September eighteenth, one thou- sand t hundred and fifty, be, and the same are hereby, declared to extend to and be in full force within the limits of said Territory of Nebraska. Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, That there shall be appointed an attorney for said Territory, who shall continue in office for four years, and until his successor shell be ay and qualified, un- less sooner removed by the President, and whoshal! receive the same fees and salary as the attorney of the United States for the present Territory of Utah. re shall also be a marshal forthe Territory ap- pointed, who shall hold his office for four years, and ‘until his successor shall be appointed and gnaliied. Sec. 12. And be it further enacted, That the Gov- ernor, apy Chief Justice and Associate Justices, pocay and Marshal, shall be nominated, and by an: poe the President of the United States. re be appropriated annually the sum of fif- teen hundred dollars, to be expended by the Gover- nor, to defray the contingent expenses of the Terri- tory, including the salary of a clerk of the execu- tive department; and there shall also be sppropri- ated, annually, a sufficient sum, to be expended by the Secretary of the Territory, and upon an esti- mate to be made b; Sie Becentary. of She Arenas of the United States, to defray the expenses of the gislative Assembly, the printing of the laws, and other incidental expenses. Sections 13 and 14 provide that the Legislature shall assemble at su lace as the Governor may direct, and that the Territ shall be entitled toa delegate in under the usual Gey and finally that the constitution, and all the laws of the U; States which are not locally inappli- cable, shall have the same force and ‘effect in the said Territory of Nebraska as elsewhere within the United States, except the eighth section of the act Preparatory to the ion of Missouri into the Union, approved March sixth, eighteen hundred and twenty, which was pel dea by the principles of the legislation of eighteen hundred and ; commonly called the compromise measures, ands hereby declared inoperative. Sec. 15. And be it further enacted, That the sum of five paneer, feopre be, and aye pred rele waehy) approp: out of any money in not otherwise ap) raprinted, to be expended by ‘and un- der the ion of the said Governor of Terri tory of Nebraska, in the of a library, to be- kept at the seat of government, for the use of the Governor, Legislative Assembly, judges of the Su- preme Court, Secretary, Marshal, and Attorney of said Territory, and such other persons and under such regulations as shall be bed by law. Sections 16 and 17 provide for the oP ropriation of land for schools, and the location Paaicial dis- tricts, and section 18 that all officers are req uired to ive security for moneys that may be intrusted with em for disbursement, shall give such security ‘at such time and place, and in such manner, as the art of the Treasury. may prescribe. Sec. 19. And be it further enacted, That the Pre- sident of the United States be, and he hereby is, au- thorized to enter into negotiation with the’Indian tribes of the said Territory of Nebraska, for the pur- ase oe eee of said tribes to the set- it of the citizens of the United States upon the lands claimed by said Indians, and for the purpose of extinguishing the title of said Thdian tribes in whole or in to such lands; and ee effect the provisions of this on, the sum of one hundred thousand dollars is hereby appropriated out of any moneys in the trea- not Twise fc fo og c. 20. And be it enacted, That as soon as the Governor of said Territory of Nebraska shall enter upon the discharge of his duties as such, the Superintendency of Indian Affairs at St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, shall be abolished, and the duties shall be transferred to and performed hy the the said Governor of Nebraska, #0 far as they relate to, or are to be formed within, said Territory. Sec. 21. And be it further enacted, That all that part of the territory of the United States included within the following limits, except such thereof as are hereinafter expressly exem} from the tions of this act, to wit: ba fot, oh of the State of Mis- , where the thirty-seventh parallel of north lati- tude crosses the same ; thence west on said parallel | to the eastern of New Mexico ; thence north on said boun to latitude thirtyeight ; thence following said dary westward to the summit of the highlands dividing the waters flowing into the Colorado of the West or Green river, from the waters flowing into the Great Basin; thence northward on said summit to the southern line of Nebraska ; thence along the southern line of Nebraska | to the western line di: the States of Iowa and Missouri ; thence south with the western boundary of said State to the place of , be, and the | same is hereby, created into a sepeny. govern- ment, by the name of the Territory of Kansas ; and, | when ai asaStateor States, the said Territo- | yy, or any portion of the same, sball be received into ¢ Union, with or without slavery, as their consti-: tution may prescribe at the time of their admission: | Provided, it noth! in this act contained shall | be construed to inhibit ernment of the United States from dividing said into two or more | Territories, in such manner and at such time as Con- shall deem convenient and i proper, or from at- | farther, That n now pertain’ the long as such rights shall remain treaty between the United States and such Indians, or to include any te: which, by treaty with any it the consent of said Indian tribe, is not, wil tribe, to be included within the territorial limits or bite a 3 : # Boetas igtes i F E ee i iE Es ze souk ame the Rio Grande ns j exam, April 28, abe H The Struggle between Alvares and Sania Anna—General Cardenas—Brownsville and Rio Grande Railroad. ‘The failure of the mails from the city of Mexico keeps usin the dark as to what is transpiring in the southern portion of Santa Anna’s dominions, and our kind neighbors on the other side anxiously look for intelligence from that quarter, as it is now known that Alvarez had left his mountain passes and ad- vanced on to the table lands to engage Santa Anna in person. The final result of the struggle now going on between these two chieftains will satisfy you that Alvarez is more than a match for his Serene Highness. The probable failure in the Senate of the Gadsden treaty has been highly pleasing to our friends on the opposide side of the line, who would feign hope that the “conscript fathers” of the great republic may not, by a solemn vote, give their petty despot the means wherewith to perpetuate his despicable rule in that country. The treaty is very unpopular with them on account of the clause which gives Santa Anna so many millions per month, and the Ameri- can Senate, tl ey say, by doing this, virtually encou- rages and upholds tyranny on the American conti- neha ex-Governor of Tamaulipas, Don Jesus Car- denas, so far from being on this side of the river, as had been asserted, was some days ago arrested in El Valle del Maiz, within the Department of San Luis Potosi, so that the standing order it him to be shot if taken within gars me hardly be carried out thim. He has, nevertheless, been sent to San Luis to be tried on the charge of having been within the prohibited territory. The commissioners appointed by the Legislatare of Texas for organizing the “Brownsville and Rio Grande Rail: Company gave notice on the 17th of, this month that books for stock subscriptions are now open in this city, and will be kept open for thirty ore thereafter in this epee at the expira- tion of which time the same be transmitted to New Orleans, there to be opened for subscriptions, and to be kept open for whatever time the board may deem necessary. Each subscriber is required to pay five per cent down on the amount sub- rt . Our indefatigable fellow-citizen, P. C. Shannon, Esq., has furniel the American Flag with a con- densed statement, compiled ffom reliable statistics, of the amountof freight, &c., between this place and Brazos Sant , from which estimate it would that the actual cost of the road, in fact, only be some $144,000. Persons familiar with enterpien of this nature affirm that the dividends must be larger than any other in the country, and feel sanguine of its entire success. ‘We have no news from the upper Rio Grande, and the health of this place is fine. Rid Bravo. Our Albany Correspondence. ALBANY, May 26, 1854. Lamentable State of Affairs—The Union upon the Verge of aga.n Toppling— Wailing of the Alarm- tsts—Peckham’s Position—His Fall, §c. Again the country is ruined. Once more the dis- contented fanatics are upon theeve of dissolving the Union, all on account of the organization of the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas, for the purpose of facilitating emigration, and preparing them for admission as States, as all others outside of the ori- ginal thirteen have been admitted. But the coun- try has been frequently on the verge of ruin in pre- vious days, and the disappointment of the alarmists, that it would not stay ruined, as they hoped and predicted, was never greater than it will be now. We, of the second generation, have a thousand times perused the records and papers relating tothe purchase of Louisiana by President Jefferson—how indiscreet it was to pay fifteen millions for a tract of wild lands, inhabited only by savages, Frenchmen and howling animals, extending tothe far West— even to the Mississippi—beyond the region of law, gospel or civilization. For this act Jefferson was burnt in effigy, his intentions villifed, his motives impugned, and his administration most ve- hemently slandered and strenuously opposed. While negotiations were pending for the ac- quisition of Florida, in order to extinguish the Spanish title upon our southwestern bord2r, then again the spirit of alarm wad awakened, and the opponents of the measure set the country, in Congress and out, in a blaze, asserting that Florida was inhabited only by Creek and Seminole Indians, living in morasses, of which the territory was mostly composed; that the savages could never be subdued and civilization never enter; that the lands were unfit for any kind of culture or cultivation, and the purchase of them was nothing but a gratuity to Spain. When the annexation of Texas was mooted, and a proposition to admit it into the Union as a State, then the howlings of the same alarmists be- came more desperate than ever. They spread the alarm hat Mexico would never submit, that Santa Anna would form an alliance with other p@wers, and forcibly wrest Texas from us, tear the lone star from our national emblem, and thus our union. “Aye, and they threatened, too, that in such a crisis a mighty host of American citizens would be found with armor on, ready to assist in restorin; Texas to Mexico. We all recollect the excitemen' of that occasion—how ona ee Buren, and other ambitious aspirants for dential honors, oO d the annexation, and how, by that opposi- ion, they became pelitoatiy: enbombeds and when, in’ 1845, Texas was invaded by hostile armies, and the eoil crimsoned with the blood of American soldiers—when chastisement became in- dispensable, and a war with Mexico inevitable, loud lamentations again resounded through the lan from the press, the stump, and the ing the war—that it was a, ive on the part the United States; that only object was the presping, of more Mexican territory, and that all de- ders of our country’s honor were .“ human butchers,” and should find “‘hospitable graves” in Mexico. And when that country was conquered by the valor of American arms, and indemnity demanded, Mexico had nothing in her treasury to offer, General Scott might have held possession, by conquest, of the entire Mexican possessions to this day, and the United States forever after. But in liea of money, Mexico offered to cede a portion of her territory lying Loe our northwestern border. But the fanatics —the soilers and abolitionists—became highly rated at the proposition. They taught the California could never be subjected to the federal government—its inhabitants consisted cot he illiterate Mexicans and Indians, and a few soldiers from the Atlantic coast, sent out at the coim- mencement of the war, under Col. Stevenson. would cost many millions annually to support a posses army to keep the people in awe, without the k benefit to the country or to mankind. Suchi has been the uniform conduct of a band of restless discontents for half a century. What would be the condition of this country this moment, had the several administrations in power lent them a 1g ear? Who would possess the Louisiana country now ?—who Florida, Texas, California, if destruction had visited this Union as often as these disorganizers desired? Instead of weakening, every acquisition of territory—the admission o' e Territory and State inthe Union since the ori, thirteen—has added might, strength and r consolidation to the rnment. And who boa at this dey _ sete Bh separation 108e ions from the confederacy? There is no po wild and, As well ht a proposition be enter- the ire from the Union, as Texas, fornia ; and yg the latter lies of distant from the na- tools Miatiy samecee |, and the laws By as ly respected, asin old Virginia or the ust 60 with Nebraska. The spirit which perse- cuted Fibrids, dissolution juisition of the Territories has fastened itself up- Rufus immediate rep = thoes “Terrtorial goversments, andre ipit—denounc- of It ization of corded his vote in accordance with his speech. po mn mony waa gow thd that speech. ticlan"—that he went to “Congress ines hie ben ‘n sgniaat own wishes inclinations,” and the “earnest of his ” No “politi- cian,” 1 STAY, euch an sesgrtion out of the State of New ‘ork may be ned to; but in this region, in this vicinity, where the honorable man is 80 well known, it is not believed by a single indivi- dual. He has been a tician from his very child- hood, taking in his days a inent leadership; and since John ‘Yau Buren delestea in the race for the Attorney Generalship, been one of the most bitter pe 9 of tl soilers, and among roe wry apostles of hanker- |, blockade of gave the of Temple contend to this day that bribery and other means of corruption had an effect in lucing the result. And our worth resentative, a3 | an excuse for voting against Nebraska, must needs | assert that he was elected to C against his | own wiabes and inclinations! Ce: it is—and the | fact should be known at W: n—that no man ever labored more soslonaly for am eleetion than did | Mr. Peckham during exciting canvasse— With an indus never surpassed, with an | ene! indomitable, and a restlessness un- aralieled, he devoted himself towards elect- | i" , after his nomination, All other | business was suspended—his law clientg had to de- fer their cases until after the electidh—as an at- torney, he abandoned his profession until the end of the contest ; and night and day, in the country and city, Mr. Peckham was unceasingly and most arduously engaged in making speeches, and resort ing to all other manner of expedients, endeavoring to convince the people that the welfare of the coun- ty, ita union and prosperity, and the prevention of misrule, depended altogether upon the election of | “Pierce and Peckham.” Asa tolerably successful advocate before petit jurors, heretofore, he also suc- ceeded in convincing a majority of the B iain Nevertheless, he declares at Washington that he | occupies @ seat in Congress “ his wishes and inclinations!’ Another session will close his olitical career in this locality. Where will he go? ‘he hunkers have discarded him on account of his oppositien to Nebraska ; the softs and free soilérs ank him for his vote, but denounce him for oppo- sition to the administration, and to perenne | in particular. His resignation, upon his return, will be thankfully received, and a certificate given him as an introduction to Wisconsin. Affairs in Washin; [Correspondence of the Ball “re HSS ‘Wasainaton, May England Taking Possession of the Russian Ports and Ter- ritories—No Depredations on Private Property—The haan ce Srom Spain—The Foreign Affairs Commitice Kaen ferdinand 8 the Filtbusters—Their Move- ‘ments and ly War Expected, cbc. Notice has been given to our government by the government of Great Britain, that they will take pos- session of the port of Sitka, and all other Russian ports on the Pacific. So the British government will maintain a strong fleet, and hold important naval stations in our vicinity on the Pacific coast during the war with Russia, and probably after- wards. This will be yory convenient for the British in case of any war with the United States. The Rus- sians , and probably will, hold their possessions in the interior, and, possibly, may overrun the Bri- tish settlements. The calamities resulting to the inhabitants will be lessened by an ent that has been made be- tween the British and Russian Fur Companies, to avoid all private warfare and depredations on pri- vate property. There was yesterday a considerable flurry among politicians, in consequence of an alarming report of a speedy war with Spain. The eee et just re- ceived are, probably, of a character that will enable the President to maintain the warlike tone that he assumed in the message of the 14th of March, on the Black Warrior case. - The Committee on Foreign Affairs of the Senate yesterday held a meeting on the subject of the re- solutions before them relative to Cuba. They cafhe to no conclusion on the subject, and are to take another consultation, after oheaning ‘the Spanish documents which they have called for—one which will embrace the edicts relative to the slave trade, spprensiceshine, &c. There is no probability that e committee will make a report, very soon, in fa- vor of the {besten of Senator Slidell, or of a he Cuban ports. Great preparations have been made by the filibus- ters for a descent upon Cuba. The association now commands a fund of a million of dollars, and they have an able and experienced American general at their head. They put their general, the Governor, against the Governor-General, and, with five thou- sand troops, to be armed and equipped, with the aid of the ‘‘mysterious muskets,” they are to undertake 01 to land in Cuba. They do not expect to conquer ogg and keep it without the aid of the United 8. Upon the failure of Mr. Slidell's resolutions, a blockade will be resorted to. At all events our fili- busters will be enabled, without hindrance, to carry out their own plans until Con; can be on ed into the measure. Preparations are now makin; to get in readiness a naval force to enable the P: Gent to give some efficiency to the blockade in op- position to the French and Spanish fleets. It supposed by many that we shall be in a state of flagrant ‘war with foreign powers in ninety days. The Last Dog Train Mail. A FOOT RACE—AN INDIAN WHO DRINKS TEA. [From the Cleveland Herald, May 24 Eaote Rever, April 18, 1854. The majority of deaths that occur here are caused by dissipation or accident. Yesterday a man’ was killed at the Copper Fall mine by falling eighty feet down a shaft. The same morning another was blown up by a blast that is sup) to have gone off accidentally, while a man wasat the bottom of a shaft 316 feet Ke the Waterbury mine. Here- tofore some have been frozen to death every winter, but I have heard of no case this season. The sun has come northward over thirty degrees, and shines with much power, but the ground in the woods is covered two feet with snow. Inthe few open spaces and fields it has nearl: ee J gate ¢ lake presents everywhere a white field of ice, with dark lines of water running through it. Last year a boat reached here on the last day of April, but there is now little prospect of one before the middle of May. Dog trains and ox-sleds are still in motion, but they drag heavily. Amoi buildings and fields they go as hard as if it was mid- summer; but on well- ths in the woods the snow is yet eolid. A few birds now break the soli- tude of the forest with an occasional chirp. The roosters, released from their dark and warm winter houses, flap their wings and crow; and hens have been heard to cackle lustijy over the event of laying an egg. So you see there are signs of life in hitherto dor- mant nature. Another symptom of spring appear- ed in the shape of a township election. The removal of a county, seat was in seation, and as this usually causes more exertion the election of a dozen Presidents, the excitement, the warmth and the li- ~~ of the may have had some effect upon e atmosphere. a About a week previous to the election, a grand foot race occurred at Eagl» Harbor, for a purse of $100. It took place on the ice, on a circular course one mile in length, and the belonged to him who made ten miles in the time. [It was con- tended for by a Frenchman named Antoine Le Duc, two Indians and an Irishman. In the early part of the performance, no one made go much noise as the "8 wife, who stood at the corner of the course, swinging her handkerchief and shouting ‘Run! Mike, run!” She probably foresaw [ewe 00 purse, divers new dresses, conibs and nets. But it seems that even a woman’s handkerchief, and smiles, and even her cheers, may not always win, At the end of the fourth mile, Mike withdrew to the domestic hearth without amy more dollars than he had before. One of the Indians held out to the eighth round and cioayyennes The other continued to run till Le Duc had made the tenth mile, and found himself coe | even with Le Duc, but exactly one mile ind. The winner made his ten miles in fifty-eight minutes. When he passed the » an admirin, crowd seized him, and bore him off upon their shoul- ders, but he di: ed himself an ran them all. He intends to run in New York it any one who may offer. The fights and pow-wows that succeeded the race evinced a most commendable degree of public rit. “ intended to have said more about the mines, but itis very doubtfal whether this mail gets through, and if it should not,-such an epistle as this can afford to be lost; but @ carefully prepared notice of a mine requires too much time and examination to be entrusted to the chances of the last dog-train mail. The snow is melting, rivers are breaking up, and | the ice in the bays is rotten, so that both | man and mail-bag may sink to rise no more. neha tee now being betsy ra | fore ™: iow, hree dogsydriven | an In- dian, reminds me of old Wimptegoshee. He isa hospitable old Indian, who lives on Portage Lake, and it is his son who is driving the dogs.. The ges that are strapped on that sledge | de appearance of a corpse of full length, lyin So Hida gage 1 aaa 4 legoshee 8 @ cabin on Por Lake Tn winter pen rn a patch of toes. takes white’ dah, which he sends to the mines market, and hissons. If a white mac comes to his cabin, there is a slice of venison and a | piece of white fish always ready for him, and also a | cup of tea. He is s0 much liked in that that | a mine named the “ Wimpt Copper | Company,” and its stock has been market. | Whether the mine is equal to the old man’s fish and | venison, I do not know, nor do I know where it is | situated. ‘There are many mines that exist princi, on '” | Ina Or six weeks to come we shall not be | there is any water also, but the mixta: impassable ire field to any Interesting from the Chineha Islands. Harton Roaps, Norfolk, Va., May 16, 1854 Condition of Things at the Chincha Islamde—The Late Guano Difficulty—The United Stales Frigate St. Lawrence —How they Amuse themaclves there—Boat Racing, Din- ner Parties, dc.—How Long will the Supply of Guano Last?—Horrible and Outrageous Treatment of the Chinese Laborers, or Coolies, dc. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD, The ship —— reached the Chincha Islands in Oc- tober, 1853. It is unnecessary to state particularly where those islands are situated, or what they con- tain, for it is pretty generally known that they are the great guano depot of Peru and the world, and that hundreds of ships, displaying the flags of all nations, visit them annually for that “precious dust,” the virtue of which is known to every agriculturist in the States. When a ship arrives near the anchor- age, she has a visit from several of the waiting ship- masters, one of which, who has made himself ac- quainted with the best unoccupied ground, acts as pilot, and conducts the new arrival to a clear berth. The “mudhook” down and a convenient hour, visits are numerous, to ingyire for letters, and break the monotony of a life at the islands. The required time for lay days is ten for every one hundred tons; but it depends entirely upon the size of the ship how long you are detained among the Ammonias. The most numerous part of the great California fleet now stop at Ammonia Islands for a return cargo, among which are our beautiful clipper ships; and as they are of heavy tonnage, 80 in proportion are their lay days of enjoyment. We made our appearance at the seat of the “Pelican war” not long after peace was restored, and the talk upon the subject had not yet died away. There were different opinions as fo the culpability of the parties engaged; but in one opi- nion all the Americans were united, and that was, if government had done her duty, and had had a national vessel there to protect the interest of her citi- zens, and defend American ship masters from the tyranny of a petty government, the “ Pelican war” would not have occurred. About six months after this insult to the “ Star-spangled Banner,” the fri. gate St. Lawrence lay at Callao, giving parties and returning visits, exchanging salutes and honoring the little would-be-great men. If you asked any of the gentlemen what they were doing, the invariable answer would be— Waiting despatches.” We left her in Callao waiting despatches, and, for aught we know, she is still performing the same monotonous duty in Callao or elsewhere. About one hundred and twénty ships are continually at the islands, averaging, say, thirty souls on board, making a “ floating population” of 3,600—quite a town upon the water. It was very pleasing, too, to see the fair sex s0 well represented by the wives of many ship masters, both American and English; and that natural influence of the ladies over the sterner sex was as apparent among the ships in a distant land as upon the soil of our native homes, Boat races were “got up” both by sailing and ‘ pulling,” dinners ven, card ies made, and by some few who did not: know how to enjoy, or could not appreciate, thesociety where innocent amusement reigned in triumph, sought the secret societies which meet at midnight, and can’t “go home ’till morning.”’ A pulling match came off on the 2th of November at the appointed ship; the boats gathered at the starting point before the sea breeze set in strong, for a pull around North Island and back to the aes point, the shortest time being entitled te a small prize made up from the entrance money of each boat. The two leading boats appeared pretty nearly matched, and when they reached the west end of the island it was ahead No. 1, and then No. 2 ; but No. 2 seeing that the chances were not 80 favorable as they wished, shot in between a rock and the point of the island, to windward of No. 1 thereby expecting to gain a boat’s length ahead of their opponents; but it required a most skilful steersman to put a boat through this dangerous 48 in safety. It would have been accomplished d not the “after oarsman” “crabed his oar.” ‘The instant that fault was committed, No. 2 sheer- ed upon the rocks, and was immediately dashed to pieces. No. 1, viewing the catastrophe, “ hauled up” to the rescue of life, giving the chance to No.3, close at their heels, who continued on, and won the race. After the boats all got in, about fifty gentle- men sat down to a collation, and ended the amuse- ments of the day. The next race was a sailing match. About forty boats entered, such as the stipe could muster, forming a great variety, among which were the hed oy clinker-built, of four tons burthen; the American whale boat, yawls, and surf- boats—in fact, boats of all sizes and models, from the four tons down to no tons. We stood upon South Island, elevated one hundred feet above the level of the sea, when the tiny fleet was entering between the islands. It was an interesting sight to behold, and an exciting one to those immediatel, concerned. The stern boats were trimming their fails, and mancuvring to get to windward, or vie with those ahead. The four-toner won the race; a New York boat followed in her wake, and was with- in two minutes of her time; the others continued to ar for more than one hour before they were in. The last dinner previous to our departure was au American one, board of the Empire, a three-deck ship, of some sixteen hund: tons. Every American shipmaster, from the boys to the “old Pray backs,” were invited to join, and a num- ber of English gentlemen. The ladi “God bless them!”—were the invited guests, together with the newly-appointed guano Governor and suite. No pains or expense were spared to make it the grand affair “ of the season;” and they succeeded. The upper between decks, was decorated with Somoign flags as well as national. A representation of the father of our country on canvass, with the words, ina royal arch over his head “ First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his count mn,” was obtained from the New York ship Baltimore, and held a conspicuous place. Plates were laid for one hundred and twenty. The between decks was converted into a grand hall for the occasion, and furnished, Noeas with the table, by contributions from other ships. A committee obtained the wines and marketing at Pisco, a town some ten miles dis- tant, on the continent. A part of the cooking and pastry was executed on rd of other ships; in fact, every arrangement made and every precaution taken to prevent ‘misstays.” Among the viands were all the delicacies of the season, including de- licious grapes, which ap for the first time. The dinner was served up at five o’clock, but nothing was hurried—all had ample time to enjoy the ban- quet. Pleasure, cheerfulness, and enjoyment were general. After the cloth was removed the wine- glass passed temperately around, the ladies politely not refusing to respond to a compliment by sipping one glass from the “ south side of Madeira.” Among other toasta, “Health to the President of the United States” and “ n Victoria” were drunk, when eg three follo LA bao presented a ee compan; a mt, and repeated e vice president of the d, with good ‘comaptiasia, eliciting general 2 jlause. Leones # tothe portrait ‘ashington: ‘‘ The memory ot that portrait! Although the cigoal form has Tong been crumbled into dust, may his 4 never for- sake us.” “Union of all Nations— whe day be not far distant when ‘honorable war’ be struck from the world’s vocabulary, and ‘honorable peace’ be the countersign of all nations.” “To Captain Pierce, President of the Board—May he not, like his illustrious namesake, be obliged to retire at a limit- ed period, but continue to command an ‘Empire’ (Celestial) —— Franklin Pierce retires from a PA aa After which some sentimental and pa- otic pongs were sung by the gentlemen, and retired in haritony ay an early hou, highly grtiled retired in at an earl with the banquet a itepag The Ammonia Islands contain layers of guano from three feet thick to sixty, and the time to clear them has been variously computed from nine years to twenty. We would think the latter nearest the truth. The merchants of the it day, however, need not be apprehensive of having return freights for their ships from Pera for the next thirty years to come, when, from the natural course of events, by bp they may expect to be converted into guano themselves. The Administrador raed supreme until last Janu- ary, when his power was superseded by an appointed Governor, to whom he is now ol to report. General Seratta bas filled his place well, and ts gene- rally liked, although some have found fault with his ment. True, he sometimes replies in a frac- the idea of tatives tious \sighoh unim) ni questions; his ha or jpmasters, represent tations to his office highend patie! and pointing | writing, and nat sneceedii i nations, runn in dl ing. a Hoertiate! an English ca in ne in, rested himself at the same table where tl neral was in dra the imme- diate attention of the “administrador,” or his seat, caught up an axe within reach, literal- ly split the in pieces. Certainly such annoy: ances are not of amiability. Seratta’s ging t are on matt or nated Shae, — e haa the opportu: wing i second in ef a has under the name of “John Smith,” or some other Ay tnd name, but now Kossuth, He is now gen>- with the name of the Magyar, boasting of hav- it up by subscription, and given on | Kime ae shi Celestial g | death. They are hunted by bloodhounds, served with him in the cause of Hu having been attached to his suite; put whet uae aye ne me of a petty office under th¢ army of Don Bilas, and eventuall: i pointed superintendent of South yecscen % mt under Gen. Seratta. He is called a amart man, and gets more guano shipped from his island in a given time, than it ever has been possible for any other individual to perform, and his services are ay predated by the ‘ian government; hut it is jone at the expense of life, for the death of a poor Chinaman is no with him. Nearly all the laborers are from the Celestial Empire, (not the ship.) wip are enticed on shipboard with the belief that are going to California to dig gold dust, but at the end of the voyage, to their horror, they find themselves bound in slavery to a tyrant on a guano island, at four dollars per month, for three to five years, to pay an exorbitant amount of passage money. Three-fourths of these poe » fella at least, do not survive their “ op iceship.”” e) go nearly naked, have poor food, are overworked, sleep onthe ground in shanties, and are u- mercifully flogged and beat if their dajly task is not performed. Many are worked and beat to death, and suicide is very frequent among them. In eleven weeks, at the Islands, we knew of three cases, an@ heard of three others, although the facts are at- tempted to be suppressed. They give out through weakness, and are unable to perform their » when to escape the punishment of the “ bocabajah” they secrete themselves in one of the many caves, to watch an opportunity of effecting their escape from the island; and eventually do so, be both human and beastly form, and are only able to evade their pursuers by precipitating themselves from a precipice into eternity. Others hang, drown them- . selves, or sever the windpipe. The number of work- ing hands was decreasing so fast through the great mortality, that just before we quit the scene a ship under Peruvian colors, sailed, ballasted with ammo- nia, bound to China to deceive more Coolies, Poor, misused beings! when they go down to slavery and death, may God help them. Yours sincerely, ____ Baquiersnrom. Important on in Relation to Water ues in New my 9 ier the Jersey City Sentinel, May 26.) Archibald Russell, of the city of New York, some time in the year 1849 brought an action of eject- ment in the Circuit Court of the United States for Be ae bs West ei a neti associates m the Jersey Company, recover the lands held by the associates, and which had been re- claimed by that corporation from the tide waters; the land reclaimed having — been below high water mark. Mr. Russell claimed title under & survey and conveyances from tlte proprietors of Kast New Jersey, who were the former owners of that. art of the Province of New Jersey called East New jersey. The case was taken by the writ of error to the Supreme Court of the United States, and was there ed last winter, by A. O. Zabriskie and I. W. Scudder for the associates, and by Walter Ru- therford, of the city of New York, and Mr. Van Sant- yoord, of Utica, N. Y., for Mr. Russell. The jon as delivered by Mr. Chief Justice Taney, jishes the right of the associates of the Jersey Company, under the powers given in their charter, to reclaim lands under water and convert them tuto building lote. The following is a copy of that opinion:— SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. NO. 56, DECEMBER TERM, 1853, John Den. ex. dem. Archibald Russell, tiffs, in error va. The Associates of the Jersey pany. In error, to the Circuit Court of the Pie: for the District of New Jersey —Mr. Justice Taney delivered the opinion of the Court. This is an action of ejectment, brought by the plaintiff in error, roo the deftndants, fn the Circuit Court for the District of New Jersey, to recover @ parcel of land situate in Jersey City. The landin uestion has been reclaimed from the water by the efendants, under the authority of the Legislature, and is now in their | hegesnspabege occupied by them as building lote. The plaintiff claims the pre- mises under Sandee, meets conveyances from the proprietors of East New Jersey, and the title of the propeictors is the point in question. And they claim at by virtue of various its, by which ey be- came proprietors of East New Jersey, the fee of the soil under the navigable waters of that part of the State was conveyed to them as private property, subject to the public use; and as that use has ceased inthe premises in question, they are entitled to their exclusive possession. {It is not necessary to state ee the charters and grante under which they claim. They are all set out in the spec’ verdict in the case of Martin. vs. Waddell, reported in 16 Pet., 367. The title claimed on behalf of the proprietors, in that case, waa the same as the title upon which the plaintiff now re- lies. And@upon very full argument and considera- tion in the case referred to, the Court were of opi- nion that the soil under the public navigable waters of East New Jersey belonged to the State, and not to the Cpe bese and upon that ground gave judgment for the defendant. The decision in that case must govern this. The counsel for the plaintiff, however, endeavors to distinguish the care before us from the former one, upon the ground that nothing but the right of fishery was decided in Martin vs. Waddell, and not the right to the soil. But they would seem to have overlooked the circumstance that it was an action of ejectment for the land covered with water. It was not an action for disturbing the plaintiff in o right of fishery, but an action to recover possession of the soil _ itself. And in giving Be ie. bose for the defendant, the Court necessarily decided upon the title to the soil. It is true the defendants claimed nothing more than the exclusive right of planting and growing oysters on the soil for which the ejectment was brought. The special verdict found t! he was in peace under a law of New Jersey, which gave im the exclusive privilege of planting and grow- ing oysters on premises in question, upon the payment of a certain rent to the State. The principal ari therefore, im dispute between the parties in that suit, and, in- deed, the only one of any value, was the oyster fish- ery. But the right to the fishery depended on the pe cas to the soil upon which the oysters were pores ed and grown; and if the plaintiff could have shown that the Ly under whom he claimed.were se coest hyn itled to it, the eiemet of the court must have been in his favor. Nor do we see an; in the opinion delivered on that, occasion, in relation to the rights of fishery, further than they contributed to illustrate the character and objects df the charter to the Duke of York, and to show that the soil under public and navigable waters was granted to him, fot as earns Property, to be parcelled out and sold for his own personal emolument, but as a part of the galia with which he was clothed— and, as such, was surrendered by the perpeseters to the English crown when they wie ished the pomere of government, and, co! juently, belonged the State of New Jersey when it became an inde- pendent thee gb There being in the title now claimed for the Wi: rietors to this case from Martin vs. Aadell,it is not necessary to examine the other and ing! Semen! de- fence taken by the defendants. judgment of the Circuit Court must be affirmed, with costa. Fashionable Intelligence, At Queen Victoria’s drawingroom, St. Jamd@ Palace, on the 11th inst., among the presentation, in the diplomatic circle, by the Countess of Cla don, were Mise H: Lane, niece of the Uni States Minister, and Mrs. Lawrence, wife of Co Lawrence, attaché to the United States Legation. We copy the following report of the costumes worn by American ladies at the presentation, from the official account in the London journals:— MRS. COL. T. B. LAWRENCE. Costume de cour, composed of a train of rich white neat de bee gee Behe os with et me bel and loo] ith sprays of moss rose imy 3 Pipette ee | sels lace; icoat of wi sol - ing with rain, Lpagpe o rb pode and ornamented wi ure n of moss rosebuds imper iale. Headdress, Brussels. lappets, feathers, flowers, and diamonds, MISS LANE (0. i) Train of white glace, trimmed with niege Rachee; body and sleeves & la Beatrice, ornamented with blonde, white moss rosebuds, and lily of the valley; petticoat of white tulle de Lyons over white glace, trimmed with niege Rachee; and upper ened down with pendant bouquets of rosebuds and lily of the valley. Headdrese, moss rosebuds and lilies of the valley, blonde Jappets, fea- thers and jewels. . MRS. RI Train of rich white moire white glace, and_ trimmed round See ovaees van eee ee lace, and bouquets of white tete de plumes, mixed with lon; velvet leaves, veined silver; 4 with silver tulle, cent lace over, nets white tete de plumes and jleaddress, Brussels lappets, ostrich d diamonds, . L STURGES. - May with white tulle and , and bunches of and pink and white May blossoms to blossoms; the Tat a an and 5 ‘ Fras mm St. Lawnence Courty, N. Y.— previcusty” been ragiag, in tas” woods, Soing gros jou Ly in the 5 Femage to the farmers in the destruction of &c., reached Parishville, where it caught in an building used for a town and school » by Mr. ih, and familiarly known as the ‘‘ 0) Academy;” thence it to the ‘tional and Ba; mgeey bmg by oy Seiads Was grat eget means lor Seek Sf koko hans, cue bees aa Tayug ground fence, were burned. No