The New York Herald Newspaper, May 6, 1854, Page 2

the treaty between France and England had been inter- changed. According to a semi-official looking short lead- Sup article in this days 2, the o ject of alliance w& the two Courts is stated to be the re-establish ment of pence between the Em eror of Russia and the Sultan on a permanent basis, and the presorration © Furope from the Aangers wiieh bave disturb general peace, the dominions of th English and Fronch governn wilitary and navel forces in o complish themnel tion of hostilities aya picsted to eich orber' he he For this purpese, amd in osder to re n foreign invasio to manner 6u a view he results tre ea not to sece}t any . es. They hemselyes frou the event arise invite (he rest of Eur rate with them in an alliance dvetined sole rivot the public interests of Europe. antially 1 believe t Byente are gen. The Moniteur a that the convention between Austria and Prussia bas jast/been ig It is true that Baron Heas, the Austrian special vtiary to Berliv, has returned to Vienna, but it ples was Prussian eapital that he hud failed jon in the Monit at the report ly the ve eur is in his m the « mey explain the sudiea dep of the Dake of CamUriige for Vienna: Wall Austris and Prasgia@0-operate against Russia Lv is a riddle still to be solved; bat the solution cannot be postpoved much longer, Itis already» siop towards it to know that Austria end Prussia pull togeibor, The neXt question is—in what boat do they pull? ‘The Russian government bas again spoken. The St Petersburg Gazette publishes two documents, the one a declaration, or rather «vindication, of Russian policy in the Past; the other a Russian view of the * condJential Correspoildence.’’ The most important point in the othe that Russia declares that the pourparlers (propositions, Ke.) which ace the object of that correspondence, were rowmunicated to tie Austrian aad Pru gov mncuts. document is sian ne This scarcely tallies with the cavalier manner in which Aboy were treated by the Czar. Bat he was probably say ing soft words to them out of one corner of his mont whilst he wae deprecating them from the other. A eon- Tirmation ¢ enial of this assertion will no doubt be de- 4e nan ¢ Prussian Chambers, and from the Dist at | Frankfort, before which body it is said the policy of Ger- many will be brought Count de Hatefeldt, an enyoy extraordinary of the Bing of Prussia, had an interview with Louis Napoleon oa Wednesday, when he presented an autograph letter from the King. The Duke of Cambridge iv accompanied to Vieuna by one of Lou's Napoleon's offivers d’Ordon mance. There is evilently something brewing, but it iv Dazardous to advance an opinion too hastily. The funds Went upon the Pariy Bourse when it was kuown that the Duke of Cambridge was off to Vienna. The French Baltic squadron has sailed from Brest for the Gulf of Finland. ists of nine line of battle ships, nine frigates nut nine corvettes. as marines and artillery on boar The English fr Baud bank believe. which he does not ulate the immense difi 3 he hss to contend against in the Baltic. The ships of Bis squadron Laye made nine merchant prizes, but no naval action has yet taken place either there or in the Black Sea. We have not yet beard that a shot has been fired, and the Pritivh public are getting very impatient. Admiral Dundas, especially, is accused 0 want of energy. It is now officially announced that a Russian squadron Jolt Sebastopol, and very quietly, despite the presence of the combined flects in the Euxine, proceed to the Cir- cassian coast, burnt their forts there, aud took away five thousand fighting men, without opposition, to rein force Sebastopol. The Jnvalide Russe publishes a full Account of the whole trausaction, adding that the Rus- sien vessels spoke the English frigate Sampson aud the French frigate Mogador whilst this manoeuvre was going on. ‘The combined fleets are actually (at last advices) at anchor in the little bay between Baltshik and Kavarna, about twenty leagues below the town of Kostendje. This town has been burnt down by the wild, irregular Turkish troops on their re- dreat from the Dobrudscha, The repurt that the towa jpad been taken and destroyed by the Russians, in the Yeoth, and almost in sight, of the English and French | Reets, i a pure fabrication. | The news from the seat of war is, meantime notvecn? Merestawrda’vwo or three defeats. The Grecks fight like devils; and if the insurrection is not soon put down by English and French intervention, the Greeks will prove a good help to Russia. As it is, Tarkey is obliged to send a large portion of her troops there. Letters from Constantinople of the 10th state that the Greeks were fest leaving that capital. Up tothe Sth 5,000 English and French troops had actually arrived at Gallipoli. Itis said that 10,000 British troops will be quartered at Constantinople, and that barracks are being prepared for them. It seems, however, that Omer Pacha had demanded reinforcements for Varna, which is badly defended, and that either English or French troops will be ordered up there forthwith. Of course their move- tienta will depend much upon events and circumstances. It appears that the Northern Powers of Denmark, Sweden and Norway have, in addition to their declared utrality, made a private agreement (that is to say, their rulers have) with Russia, forbidding more than four ships at once to enter any of their harbors. The report that Odessa had been bombarded and taken is not teve, ‘The letters received to-day from various ports in the Baltic show that the navigation is steadily opening, but ‘the harbors are far from being free of ice. The Russian vessels of war kept close in port, and were not expected to veature out. Several more Russian merchant vessels bad been captured. A letter from Madrid says:— It is stated, apparently on good authority, that the exigencies of the United States on this government a: Jury pressing, including, besides a heavy pecuniary ii demnity for the seizure of the Black Warrior, the di misaal of the present Captain-General of Cuba, and the conference of full powers on his successor to settle all future cases of the kind at Cuba, without previous re- ference to Madrid. If this secount be true, the Spanish government will probably reject such demands. IMPORTANT FROM SPAIN. Whe Black Warrior Affair not Settled—Im- portant Decree Respecting Cuban Slaves— Troublous State of Spain—The Insurrection at ‘The correspondent of the London Zimzs, writing from Paris 18th, saya:— My private letters state that the a‘fair of the Black Warrior, so far from being settled, hen teen pode po with extreme violence by Mr. Soulé, and at the pre- sent moment wears a very threatening aspect. Another letter from Madrid, dated the 13th., contains these words: — eo stated that the Amaacienn Minister has demanded * nt the recall of Captain General Pezuela: end further, that the officer who shall.» ceed him shall have power to settle upon the spot such disputes as that Lees | out of the affair of the Black Warrior. A large Bum of money is also said to have been Jomanded, bat the ft con It got aground on a as, I mount named is ro disproportionately large that we for- | ‘Dear to mention it. The following is from the London Times :— Private letters from Madrid mention the appearance of A very remarkable decree in the Gavetle, owingit is bat Jost to add—to the unremitting real and indefatigable ac ivity of Lord Howden, the British Ambassador, ant ich ‘Announee: intention of the Spanish govern 1 ext to put on ond to the slave trade in Cuba, and t entisfaction to Great Britain : + of the decree all slaves are ° sn conning to the 0 be immedi - ‘ after which time any slave found ‘ta the telarnd | ¥ ‘bout a copy of register, containing date, domicile, and | Ha ion, to be looked upon as fraudulently imported, | ® facto iree; and secondly, the intrc <: icx of white laborers Is to' be provided lve sent co ss red. Sofar so good. It only now remains for the Sy° ‘sh government to see that their subordinates, ani Pe ly their Captains-General, carry out with some re sood faith their enactments. Let them instract their “elals to imitate the Conchas rather than the O'Dk 4 wt mid correspondent of the Lon lon Times, writing or 119, alludes thus to Royal Ant Slavery decrees of (he Court of Spain — } 7. object of these is to ostablish a registration of +ioves, which it is believed will ciovs check u; the importation of negroes from Af- encournge marriage amon m. and to per anixh, Chinese, or eorees are of the Spanish ies, fo provent trade in ® importetion of free la Yucatan. The alleged m ereity of laborers in Cuba, tin ut strictly to observe tree avoid dispwes with England, ant the wish to the amount of the island's prodeclioms — There wilh wanting persons who will look for ciher motives bes Ja\ Gest, and behold in the above meisuresa hin! thrown ©! the United States, The Spanish feeling with respect bo Cuba 44 that it must cither continue Spanish or become nm ond that they would sooner emancipate the blisks and det the island be concerted into a secomd San Domingo than See it fall into the hands of the Americans. The present Gecrees seem to indieste a desire to increase the free Population of the island, perhaps as» counterpoise to the Arorican settlers, and it may possibly also have the ef ec! of improving the condition and lighten'ng the load of croes. Asregnrds putting an end to slave -wat must always depend more on the conse.gage | which I have give | their services. for the thao being than on laws pent be) ARTICLE I. . ‘orrespondenc [Madrid (april 15) Corcespor ee ae Tet none, eh comvers yascapetion dpe Provinces de Moltarie she Valaclta, of coerce yutiished in Shurseoy'® Gazette wre Ukely to bo tres Mouvement dea troupes Rasses, Lears Ma- jestég ls Reine dy Royaume-Uri de Ja Grande Brotagae et (’Inlande, @tl'Empercur des Framgais so sout concer- tées et se concerteront sur les moyens les plus propres & affranchir le territoire da Sultan de invasion étra: et 4 atteindre le but spécifié dans l’Article 1. Ell kag cet effet id entretenir, selon les nécessité guerre, appréeiéea d’un commun accord, des forces de terre et de mor wuflisantes pour y faire face, @t dout des arrangements Bubséquenty detcrmineront, s’ily a lieu, Ja qualité, le nombre et la destication. amnion 4 é Quelyue évinement qui se produise en conréquecace de Vexceution de la présente Convention, les Hautes Parties Contractanter sorligent h.n'eceueillir aycane ouverture i unt 4 ta cessation des hosttli arrougement avec la avoir préalableinent deily y, ant togive great antistac- It is so ueue! in Spain to see be alvantegeous in their resalts ut- negligence or corruption of (hose them out, that ene is apt ach with extreme mistrust, and to nl until it i€ seen how they n ly benef hij Opesition tex rer dang auen! Russie, sangen Queen for nt is resolved to enforee reaties mudé with Eng- wi ta the en Impériale de en commun, ASTIONR, complainis and the yooerrment of Great du dést mainteair Péquilibra Raropéen, ct Britoin. which, in h ht given to teby treati ne poursnivent 2 t intéreseé, les Hautes Parties | le natrhe of these, and that ond will mt Contractastes re Wavanee a retiver aucun extinguishing the slave trade. — tage poitioulier des évinemens qui pourront se pro to expla a this most h ¥ ARK eetés Ia Reine a in th f towns of the vari @irlande ev Emperour des Fran: ats of the island of Cuba, Af- ipressement dans leur alliance, pou ; «riod, amply suMeient to permit slave- au but proposé, celles des autres Puissunces de l’Europe bers te heir slaves inaeribed, the tors will qui roudratant’y entre®. Clowes), and thenceforward all blacks who are not set ARTICLE V1. down in them will be considered ag free men. to whom Ta présente Convention sera ratifiée, et les ratifications none can lay claim. This arrangement will limit sli- ger hangoes a Londres dans Lespace de uit jours. jours. in the colony and to 6 Pout st necessary to explain iil _wosk If nogroes wil be unsaleable, axcept their purchasers will be they are met without ¢ quoi les Plénipotentiares respect ence, et y ont apposé le scenn de leurs armes. Fait Londres, le dix Avril, Yan de geace sil huit cent cinguante- quatre. CLARENDO! A. WALEW actually raly their de th Janded from at very b way they exp orel to lose | ap imaginary Sicily, in Na, iniBunenny, itis f oe | cr A for or tres tinhts tah she.bas toqlased; whether fn Gertaagy, between the great governments, sle has sought to sow lecord, or to re-establish upion; , morally in Lombardy, and materially im Hungary, her efforts have Hot been consecrated to the maintenance of the balance of power; and whether the blows that are preparing against her, and the isolation in which itis hoped to Panes her by handing over the political world to a far dif- ferent sort of preponderance, will not rather be the anni- hijstion of that equilibrium. H Ii may thus be seen to what the vaue generalities urged agaiont Russia are reduced. But the last especial- ly of these ground) accusation suffices to oxplain the | true motives of a war for which, judged by its apparent grounds, there is no reason, and Which it is so contrary g the moral, industrial, end commercial interests of ‘he entire world that it wil! really accclerate the ruia of the very empire whieh it wade the pretext te save from H rue motive was publicly pro- Ministers, when the, | the moment had arrive! at last when it wes necessery to destroy the influence of Russ! It is to defend that influence, pot less necessary to the Russian vation than it ix essential to the maintenance of the order and the security of other States—it is to sus- tain the independence and territorial integrity which are the bases of it—that the Emperor, obliged in spite of Limeelf to embark in thia contest, is about to devote all ‘the means of resistance which are furnished by the de- Yotion gud the patriotism of his people. He trasts that God, who has so often protected ‘Hussia in the days of ‘ial, will assist hin once more in this formilable gtrug- | gle. Be sincerely laments the manifold evils which are | shout to fall ov humanity; but at the same time he feels itto be hia duty to protest solemnly against the arbi thary pretensions put forth so prominently by the two | Powers, which throw upon him alone all the responsi- | bility of them. They are free, without doubt, to adapt | aguipst Russia such measures as they may think expe- | a sort of passport, bearer, hia sppearance, atters’ concerning him, ‘and whieb every slave will bia. At present newly -Laperted istributed im the plantation, are worth born on the island, because the Spanish © purposeof distingeisia- on will be greatly to los ier them uusaleable, and now tempts unserupulous adventurers to engage in the harardous and. infamous roffie ip human flesh That portion of t RATIFICATION OF THR TREATY BETWEEN FRANCE AND ENGLAND. ‘The convention between the French and English gov- érnmonts which wae signed a few days vendy Neen ratited. The object of this closer al of the too Powers is the re-ostablishinent of ia and Turkey on @ posimonent b andthe preservation of Karope from the dai hove disturbed the general peace. Kor this purpose in order to dominions of th tan from ff reign invasion, the by and reneh governments agree to combine their neva! and military foress in a ° auficient to accomylish the result they have in They bind themelves not to accept any proposition tor the cessation of hostilities sgatost Russia, without bav ‘© each other the nature of such over jacloim all exclusive advantace nts which may arise, on't » reat of Luurope to co-operate with them in allionce destined solely to protect the public interests of Furope. Thisimportant convention seems to supply the necessary busis to the operations in which the Eyglish and French forces are now engaged. A copy of their act © giving » full description of personal marks 1 ott duly vised ie de bop ne te ee t promulgated, of not fail to attract considerable ate ward blow alu trade which Gr sacrifices te The credit lue to the late President of the Gouneil, G eundi, and, in no smali degree, the iwessant exertions und teprosentations of our embassy here. T understand | thot General uni, some short time before he re- signed yower, showed his « os bo Mr, Ot- Aftvires, in Lord Howden’s abseace, g a satisfactory and scheme was ‘more » iban the present one, not hesitate to express his very great step, if nota final yiect, and urged tue imme- There were still, how- IMPORTANT RUSSIAN MANIFESTORS. THE OZAL'S REPLY TO THR WAR DECLARATION OF THE WESTERN POWERE-—THE OCCUPATION OF THs PRINCIVALITIES DEFENDED. ‘Declaration’? is contained in the St Petersburg Journal of the 81st of March (18th of Apr!!):— France and Great Brituin have now at last undisge tend ay éflicacious m complete and comprehensive and Mr. Oiway 1 believe, di opinion that it would be ds the desired cation of the decrees. ‘ome formalities to be gone through, the Consejo yy departed from the ayatem of concealed hostility ar was to be consulted, und before all could be the: previously adopted against Russia, particularly 4 oral Lersundi suddenly reli ishe: to enter the Black Sea. The project has since reposed in the portiolio ssplanations giver by those Powers in 5 Son Luis, whence it has rence to oding was sul that the cessation i its falr prep of the mut ns existing between thom and the observe Inpperis| Cal me a iatter of course. io not trance atthis particular to a desire on the part uf A mont, cent small im- > have ‘Ihe latter result was shortly followed by tion in which the two Cabinets, through’ the medium of their respective consuls, invited the imperial goverament toevacnate the Danubian Principalities within « given term, which Engiand fixed at the 0th of April, and France, sull more peremptorily, at the 15th of that month. By what right did the two Powers thus pretend to exact everything from one of the two belligerent parties, without éémaniing anything from the other? ‘This is what they have act thought fit to explain to the Iinpe- rial Cabinet. Vo evacuate the Principalities, without even the khadow of a fulfilment by the Ottoman govern- ment of the conditions to which the Emperor made the cessation of that temporary occupation subordinate—to evacuate them from the fear of # war which the latter was the first to declare, while it is actively carrying on offensive operations, when its own troops oceupy ss forti- fied point of Russian territory—was in itaolf a condition inadmissible in substance. The two Powers placed the condition in suck a shape that it became still more unac- ceptable, ‘They fixed a term of #ix days for the adhesion of the Imperial Cabinet, at the expiration of which a re- that it should begin to look about for a friend. ver, to probe too deep fo; motives. will srove a a t on the Miuister | who plonved them, and on the government during whose great | tenure of office they are promulgated. The substance of the decrees, which are of very great Iength and divided into chapters, each consisting of nu merous articles, may be summed up under four heads. | ‘Their objects are: 1, By a re-arrangement of the poll- tax upo. slaves to discourage their use as domestic ser- vants, and so to leave more bands for labor in the fields. From hubit or osientation it has become common in the | Havene to see an immense number of negroes idling | about Louses, where there is little or nothing for them | fusal, or the abseuce uf any reply whatever, was to bo to do, witile fertile tracts of land are left waste for want py thiem regarded us equivalent to a declaration of war. of hands. Im told of instances where acores of slaves | ipo a «ummnons 60 partial in its tenor, as practically in- are kept for purposes of mere show or luxury, although | excusable aa it was insulting in its terms, allence was the the agriculture of the colony has the utmost of Only reply compatible with the dignity of the Funperor. By taxing these household retainers in | ‘The consequence, however, is, that the two govern- ments have just publicly made it known that Russia, by her refusal to accede to their demand, has constituted Lerself towards them in a state of war, the entire respon- sibility of which will rest upon her. In the presence of such declaration, Ssgonly remains for the Emperor to accept the position which has been as- signed to him, reservi all the | and constancy the an ascending ratio according to their numbers, it is ex- pected that their owners will be induce! to send them to the pluntations, and supply their places by white ser- vants, nnected with this system of taxation is one of sand exemptions, intended to encourage mar- s, in order that by increased propa. imports from Africa may be in ed. This will be Jopse ceennter rere aba oe enreraee és; but it mast be borne greata gain itis to do away with the hor- he voyage from Africa, and alao that a negeo and brought up a slave will be far less sensitive to iis position than one torn from freedom and his native | country. Moreover, with thia part of the enactment ure connecied regulations tending to encourage humanity to the slaves, and to render their good treatment proitable | lotheir owners. One of the premiums (which are to be paid by the poll-tax) is to be allotted to that proprietor | o-casion of the rupture of diplomatic relations, and which: of slaves who, possessing the largest number, has had | ¢ ntnins up to that point the whole historical exposition proy ern! the fewest deaths among them the | of the question, will have suftieed to demonstrate to course of the year. A very long decree, contains regulations for the oon- | payment, good treatment, and security in all laborers and servants, whose introduction in- dence, and the security of his empire Indsjendently of the mossage by which the Cabinet of Londen announces its revolution to the two houses of ‘i es which induce it vo take up arms, and the origin and the incidents of the ques- ton, ‘The imperial government thinks it superifaous fo re- turn tea diseussion on thir subject. Ali its preceding docu- | mente seem to it to have exhausted the question. The recent memorandum of the i8th of February. published on the —helongs the initiative of the provocations, and by what | fatal chain of cireumstances the false position in which | -their first eteps placed the two Cabinets, led them on, ny from the mother country, China, and Yu- i ° 4 catan, the government desires to encourage. I have not Ih loed ehinde tl Rave Bally Saletan feet all space to analyze the various chapters of this decree; but the snecessive concessions made by Russia for the maia- it appears to offer good guarantees for the liberty, free egency, and protection of the persona who shall be in- duced to emigrate to Cuba with the view to seek employ- tenance of peace, before as well as after the Vienna not while the increasing exactions of the two cours them ¢aily more and more still further in te path ment. war with us, ‘4. Under this head come the regulations, comprise! in ‘fi 86 articles, for the registration of the slaves, OF these | 1?®, cet Seah ed's pectent lor taal sen nis nota Thave already explained the object. Some of the articles are worth citing. By article 4, the slaveowner who shall register a larger number of slaves than he actually pos- semen, is Lintlo toa fine of from $200. to’ $500 for every negro he thus falsely declares. Any slave who is found without his schedule or certificate is to be arrested as a runaway, and his owner informed of his apprehension. If within’ thirty days the “document in question is not forthcoming, the slave is set at liberty and receives letters of freedom from the authorities. The registers are to be kept by persons appointed by royal order upon the recommendation of the Captain-General of Cuba. Upon appointment they are to make oath faith- fully to fulfil the duties of their office, and are also to ive security for their so doing in money or in property. They are sudject to heavy fines for any faults or irrege- larities they may commit. A slave who by their negli- gence is left unregistered obtains his freedom, but the vent the renewal of negotiations. Nor would it any mere haveprevented their continuation, or rath these tions would have led to some result long since, if the Powers had not sudddenly, without any good reason, com- Lie oe the bases which they themselves had laid rst note concerted at Vienna. The objections Porte te certain passages of that note were not sufficient to nullify the rest. The essential substance re- mained intact, and the imperial government had the right to regard all the points which the Ottoman Porte hac not contested as agreed to previously to any ulterior proposition. Such was not the cese. An attempt was made to impose 3 upon us; What had hitherto been admitted was declared inaduissible; the complaints of Rustia were ignored, as also any claiuz on its part te an equitable separation; and all its eoun- ter prepositions rejected without discussion. At the same time, measures contrary te its rights as a belliger- registrar must pay his value tohis owner. In short, ont power coincident in the Black Sea with the condi- the regulations “relating bd the registrar are tions transmitted from Vienna were adopted, as if to abundantly rigorous and B - ingent, and appear to impress a character of compulsion to any adhesion on its preclude the possibility collusion and mal prac. part. Finally, all honorable retreat was peremptorily cut off from it by an imperious summons, such as Russia never before received within the whole period of its his- tory, even at the time when a conqueror, at the head of armed Europe. invaded its territory Not borer: ‘able to blind themselves to the insufficiency of the motives fora disastrous war, and uj the want of proportion which exists between its effects and ite cause, the two Powers are obliged to exaggerate its ob- oe 4 bringing the most vague accusations against ssi They allege that their honor and material interests | have been attacked; projects, on our side, of aggrandize: ment and conquest in Turkey; the indepsndence of the | Porte, and even that of other States; finally, the balance tices. Nevertheless, it will at once be evident to th juainted with the habitual corruption of Span- officials, that if the decrees do not produce the effect med at, the hiteh will be found here. The registrars wuld be scrupulously chosen, their probity should be ade matter of rigid investigation, and their remanera- | tion should be suiliciently liberal to place them above or- dinary temptations. Otherwise the decrees will have been given in vaim, and the slave trade in Cuba may still be far from its abolition. The closing articles of the deorees, orter the Captain General of Cuba to put them into immediate execution, provisionally appointing registrars and axing the amount of seourity they are to give, and reporting progress to the home government. 4 A committee of the Junta, after examining the ac- | Sadi te our excecdive pra Junta, preponderance. counts of the Bank of San Ferdinand, has reported that dee Deck te ecivenn ’ ™ i ‘a these general imputations rest upon no foundation On the 18th, the King and Qaeen wont through the usual ceremony of washing the feet of twelve nzed men and twelve old women, and of afterwards serving them | at dinner. A crowd of the privileged assembled at the palace to witness the singular scene. Accounts frown the scenes of the late disturbances are not satisfactory, and mischief is still brooding at Barce- Jona and Saragossa. Numerous incendiary jires had o¢ the former city; among other buildings, a ureh of San Francisco de Paula The leader? of the late strike have is- to the operatives, calling on therm to It is said they are well supplied with arms, newal of the outbreak will almost certaialy oc- itier are so much intimidated that they all the prisoners except twelve—whom, however, the workmen insist shall also be released—and | bave ned the soldiers implicated in the Saragossa | affsir. on condition that they volunteer to serve abroad | for eight years. The present movement is not political, | but, if continued, it will speedily become so. THE EUROPEAN WAR. TREATY OF ‘ALLIANCE BETWEEN FRANCE | AND ENGLAND, | We have never attacked the honor of the two Courts. If that honor has been endaugered it has been done oF themselves. From the very onset they adopted a syxtem of intimidation, which failed as a matter of course. The} made it a pointef honor to oblige Russia to bend to them: and because Russia would not consent to her own eae they say that they are hart in their moral nity. jaterially, their interests have not been attacked by us either. They can only be so by the war which they wish gratuitously to wage against us. On the contrary, it is they who endanger our iat much more seriously by atts poy! us in the nort nthe south, in our ports, anc on different points of our coasts. The policy of aguraudizemont and conquest which they attribute to Russia has been refuted by all her acts since 1815. Of her neighbors in Germeny and in the North is there one who, during the last forty years, has had to complain of an attack, or even of an attempt at an at- tack, upon the integrity of his possessions? With respect io Turkey, although we have beenat war with her, the peace of Adrinnople exists to attest the moderate use we have made of our success; and sinee then, at two intervals, the Ottoman empire has been saved by us from imminent ruin. The desire of possessing Constantino) should fall, and the intention of fort if that empire nga permanent The following is the text of the Convention between | ostablishment there, have been too publicly, too solemn: the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and | ly cisavowed, for any doubts to be entertained on that Ireland and the Emperor of the Freneh, relative to the | subject that do not originate in a distrust which nothing | aid to be given to the Ottoman empire can cure. Lewrs Majesté* la Reine du Royaume Uni de la Granite | _ The resulta will shortly show whether the Powers or | Breiagne et d'Irlande et 'Empereur des Frangais décidces | Russia have struck the most fatal blow, sot only against | & preter leur appui a Sa Majesté Ie Sultan Abtal Medjid, | the independence, but avainst the very existence of Tar- Empe des Ottomans, Gans la guerre qu'elle soutient | hey. As a priee for the interested services given to her, contre les agressions de Ia Russie; et amenéas, on outre, | she has already renovneed by treaty the distinguished | malgre leurs efforts sinci res et persévérans pour maintenir in paix, & devenir elles-mimes parties belligérantes dans privilege of every independent Power—that of making or declaring war, at its own free will, at the mno- | peac une guerre gui, sans leur intervention active, elit meaaeé | Ment, and on the conditions it may iteeif deem most ad- | Vexistence de l'équilibre Européen et les intérsts de leurs | visatle. She will be forced to subscrite to an engage- propres Etats, ont en conséquence résola de conelure une | ment whieh will give equality of civil and religious rights Convention destinée 4 déterminer Voujet de leuralliance, | to ali her subjects. Rossin will sincerely applaud eo im- | ainsi que les moyens 4 employer en comman pour le rem- | portant a guarantee, obtained in favor of he Chris- | plir, et nommé & cet effet pour leurs Plonipotentiaires -— | tians in Turkey, if the result should be to insure it to them in a really effic & revolution which wou etituent bases of the O the right to be the Sultan con! I fous But ai Majesté Ia Reine du R. ner. ume Uni de ta Grande | le Tre orable George Guil Jaume Frédéric, Comte de Clarendon, &e., Prine!palSeeré- | taire d’Etat de Sa Majesté Britaunique pour les Affaires Etrangéres; | Et Sa Majesté ’Empereur des Franga | in presence of | ly alter ali the eon- } as | h contirm religious privi« nating from our treaties Andre Colonna, Comte Walewski, & ve been declared an attempt against ue; | wreignty and his independence 4 Foqnement communiqué leurs is for burope—not for the two Powers—to decide if Pleins youvoira, tronvés en bonne ot due forms, ont | the general equilibrium really be exposed to the dangers Arreté ct rigné les articles sulvans:— which wre attibmied to it from the excessive prepon ler ARTICLE 1. tha Wak ance atiributed te Russia, It is for Purope to examine ¢* TTeutes Parties Contractantes s’engagent a faire ce whieh weighs heaviest at the present time upon the free- Qu’ Ccyeedsa @ les pour opérer le rétablissement de la dora of action of Stutes—Rossia left to herself, or a for- pals v1 wre et la Sublime Porte sur des basen | midable alliance, the pressure of which alarins all the » Polides Gb dwells, et pour garantir l'Europe contre le neutral Powers, and uses by turns caresses or threats to fn London, | communica- | Pailinwent, it hes, in a sapplemen‘ary declaration, ex- , whom—whether to Russia or to the two maritime powers | | of power in Europe, which, according to them ts threat- | y | tion of the-e terms by England and France, the last pro- | ject of the German Po: dient; but they are not able to lay the consequences to | | his charge. ‘The rosponsihilitiy of the calamities of a war belonga to that Power which doclares it, not to the | one which limits itself to ite acceptance. St. PETERSBURG, March 30, 1854, THE CZARN'S OPINION OF THE SECRET | CORRESPONDENCE. The St. Petersburg Journal, of the Sist of March, (12th | of April) contains the following article on the publica- | | tion of the ‘Seeret Correspondence:”— | ‘The British Cabduet has just published all the confiden- correapondexee to which the article in the Journal de . Peersiurg alluded on the 18th of February. In ad- | | dition to these documents, it has thougiit proper to in- | troduce not only the Cabinet notes exchanged between | the Imperial Court and that of England, but even the | | secret reporis which Sir H. Seymour made to his govern- | | ment of bis private conversations with his Majesty the Emmy cro: | ‘st\.ral that public uriosity should be most ex- | ne Litter, Without examining how far the Eng- | lsh Fuvoy allowed himself, however unwittingly, to be in- | fluenced hy his prejudices and impressions, party spirit and | bad faith have not failed to draw, from his account, the most unfounded inferences and the most false interpreta. tions. Misled by expressions of which the reporter himself avows he was net always certain of having exacily re- tained the precise mening—deceived by some fuzitive ideas thrown out by chance in the warmth and the con- fidence of a conversation without constraint—he thought he saw in the words of the Emperor, such as they have been reported, the proof of objects’ determined befure- hand, of territorint arrangement at the expense of Tar- koy—in one word, of a plan of, partition waich i Ma- jerty had proposed to England, without the participa- tion and to the exclusion of other courts. Nevertheless, ou several occasions, in the course of his discussions with the English’ represeatative, the Fanperor did not cease to repeat that he did not wish to conclude either treaty or protocol with Eng- iond; that there was no mention wade of any plan by which the two Cabinets might dispose, without the concurrence of and without respect to the other Yowers, of the provinces governed by the Sultan; that | all ho ‘had in bis mind was s simple general under- standing upon the events that might arise, which each of | the two Powers might prevent as much as possible ; in short, by a simple exchange of ideas—by the word of a genti'man—to bind both with the intention of avoiding political combination that might be contrary to their avutual interests, ‘These assurances are contained in a form, eu in terms not less positive, in the memorandum which the Emperor cansed to be prepared by his Cabinet in reply to the written communications which the re- sorts of Sir H. Seymour had provoked on the part of the itish Minists It is, then, supremely unjust, sot so aay dishonorable, to endeavor to seek, in the motive which induced the Emperce to open, with, bagland a correspontunce on this subject, @ intention to induce that Power to dis- se, with himself, beforehand, of the possessions of urkey. Nothing was further from the ideas of his Najesty than the notion of w partition, and of parti- tion effected by anticipation. The expectations of the Emperor related to the future, not to the present; his views were quite eventual. The design of his Majesty in explaining himself 20 frankly was solely to avoid any incident of » nature to effect the intimacy which he de- fred to maintain in his relations with England; to pre- vent all differences, all misunderstundings, and any kind of piers which events. uncertain but ible, might suddenly bring about between Great Britain and Limeelf, if they had been left entirely out of their recip- roeal foresight. pet ‘the 9 ple en tat fence of the catastrophe which was | Hee inten | Seceasens: Wate tee eeaat atstet jn Eg what | were the views expressed by the Emperor? Lie disavowed | exprestly for himtelf any desire or {ntention of possess- ing Constantinople. He made beforehand an engagement not to establish himself there in a permanent mann This disavowel, this engugement, x confirmed by the pevers of his Cabinet. "In it concoivable after this that, the face of verbal and written ¢ | tions so formal and xo binding, t | should have hed the courage to accuse His Majesty in | open Tarlisment of ambitous covetousness, and of pro- | | jects of conquest upon the capital of the Ottoman em. pirer Such a forgetfulness of the word of the Emperor, | added to that of all projriety in language which they | have employed towards his august person, was assuredly intended in order to authorize the imperial government to address a direct appeal to the consciences, referri to confidential communications which so evidently atiost the aio asarodaens and purity of the political views of jesty. ‘ Not only have the character and the motive of his overtures intention: Hy misunderstood and enven- omed, but it haseven been sought to use themasa means of Sttempting to persuade other Powers that if the Emperor, on this occasion, addressed himself more particularly to England, it was only because he paid no respect to their opinions or their interests. We content ourselves with remarking that the subject of these con- versations wes brought confidentially to the knowledge of the so of Austria and Prussia, And, as far as concerns France, it is ersential to remember that the exoch at which they were brought about was precisely when tbat power created at Constantinople, in respect to the panes of the Holy Places, the difficulties which successively bave produced the present crisis, and when. its ambassador in Turkey had just employed all his e1 ergy to supplant our influence there. Inder such circumstances, aud later, at the moment when France did cverything to 4: England into an hostile attitude against us, it was quite natural that the Emperor shoul: uot deem it expedient to place the Cabi- net of the Tuileries in possession by halves of its confl- dentie] rugge-tions to the British government, although that circumstance ought not to give rise to the assertion that he intended! to prevent an understanding as to the eventual fate of the Fast, since, as has been shown, the question was not of « partition of Turkey, nor even of making any arrangement whatever under the form of a protecol or treaiy. Theee short observations will be sufficient to reduce to ite proyer value all the falsehood and impropriety which | malevolence ha» discovered in the language of his Majesty. In the eyes of impartial men, the publication which has just taken place wili prove only one thing—the abuse of a ous | confidence whirh has nut been appreciated, and the injustice susprcioms which hane been made he pretext of a us war, for which, but for them, there would not have been any cause. | RUSSIAN NEGOTIATIONS. | _ It will be remembered that the past propositions that | were made from St. Peter amounted to an offer to | evacuate the Principalities if the allies would withdraw from the Baltic and Black Sea. Such a proposition was regarded by France and England as altogether inadmissi- | ble, and was therefore refused. Indeed, the Czar'sevident | object in making the proposal was to satiefy the most | pressing demand of the German Powers, and #0 ta detach | them from the quedruple conference. It is, therefore, important and significant to note that since the rejec- larations—leclara: | t English Ministera | tocol of the conference has nevertheless been si by | the representatives of all the four Powers; and we have | yet (o learn what the next move of the Russian Cabinet | Will be cu receipt of this intelligence. AUSTRIA RUSSIAN INFLUENCE IN VIENNA—POLICY OF THR GERMAN POWEAS—HOW AUSTRIA VIEWS TIE AN- GLO-FRENCHT ALLIANCE. [Vienna (April 17) Correspondence of the London Times. It bes alzeady been remarked that some symptoms o- achange of opinions, if not of intentions, have beea porcen ible here Guring the Jast two or three days, and letters from Berlin, Vienna, Constantinople and Athons, which have recently appeared in the Augsburg Gazelle and Trieste Zei‘wng are calculated to throw some light on | the subject There is an article, entitled ‘‘ The Gradual Change in the Situation,” in the last uamber that has | reached us of the Bavarian paper, of which it appears necessary to take some notice. We are first told that “fortunately” a complete understanding does not exist | between the four Powers, even though they that | the supremacy of Russia in Turkey aud in the Principal. ties must cease. The reason given for the employment of the word “fortanatsly” is, that it cannot be the ob rs ‘‘to humiliate Russia for the rake of England.”’ Instead of explainin; what ke meang by this, the writer flies of at a tangent, and relates what has recently occur: red between the two great German Powers, The new treaty of alliance is based on that secret convention the conditions of which were discussed by Prince Schwar- zepberg and M. de Mantenfeel during the Dresden Confe rences, and covcluded by Counts Buol and Alvensleben in 1851, ‘The object of the first treaty was the protection of the German territory; the recond has been formed for the protestion of the non-German States of Austria and Prussia, and for the defence of the interests of Germany. The vther Feders] States will be, or lave already been, invited to send in their adhesion to the resolutions taken hy the two leading Powers. If the German writer is to be Lelieved, the object of the Confederation will be to secure the integrity of the Panubian provinces, and with it the free navigation of the Denube, to further the emancipa- | tion of the Christians in Turkey, “and to protect Greees.”” | ‘This last clause is eviden‘ly a Bavarian appendix. By the next poragraph we learn that the Austrian go- | vernment hae recently been more inclined to share the opinions of the French Cabinet, ‘‘ because it has really begun to fear that the occupation of the two Trineiyalities may become and {te trade en toe Dewube be rulseds? 2 te seorved that in oll peo. Dabiliiy the Austrian Cabinet, for the moment, less fears an undue preponderance om the & the Western Powers than — the aggresive peticy of . Various circumstances | serted be- | rid | more positive intelligence at a | thunder cloud over Bu | croseed the Danube, and | 80 favorable tbat nor Prussia will for apy length of time consent to lavish © blood ond treasure for the int of Turkey, ‘ond the Oriente) question ultimat ve to be settled France and the G Powers, if not by the latter Rustis.”” The w takes care to display but little of the hostility whieh he feels towards England, but he says enough to convinee a professional reader that the object of the German Powers is gradually to weaken the ties which bind France to England, and, if possible, to isolate the lust mentioned Power. In a ward, Drince Schwar- senery’s policy it to be revived, and provubly im savor of (BIG. ASPECT OF THE WAR. {rom the London Times, Apri 20.) Several days have elapsed since the receipt of any intel. Higence on whieh reliauce can be placed, {rom the seat of war in the Kast, and we have not thought the scanty and uncertain reports which have reached us worthy of s6- ms discussion. But this luli. which apparently pre- 80 great a tempest, is in itself a fact characteristic of the state of Europe; for although all the elementa of discord a 4, the pacific relations whiels have sub- sisted for so many years are broken, fleets and armies are almost within ednnon shot of each other, aud still more powerful armaments are on their way to the scene of hostilities, the position of the Yelligerent Powers and of the rest of burope is by no means accurately defined, ‘and the actual course of events depends on causes et'livery imperfectly known. The seizure of the Prinetpalities of the Donule by Russia, and the tone of Prince Menschikotf’s mission, which led to that invasion. were uadoubtedly acts of daring ogereseion, and had Russia been able to foliow up the policy she then first avowed by a vigorous and im mediate attack on Constantinople and the Turkish em- ire, it would not have been easy for the Wostern Powers oppose at that time an effectual berrier to her yr, gress, But Russia, sftsr having committed an act of lawless aggression Which aroused all the other States of Europe to resistence and hostility, stopped short on the Danube, either for want of the means or of the resolu: tion to take advantage of her superiority at that moment. She had slready done too much for the mainvenance of pence—she did too little for successin war. The in- terval which clapsed since the passage of the /ruth, enablid Turkey to assemble a large army, ant to im- ‘ove her wilitary position on the Danube and the Rrikone, while the Western Powers have occupied the Black ea and the Baltic, and their armies are on the way to the theatre of war. Thus, in fact, the wa which began by a bold but useless stroke of aggre sion, scems destined to aszume at a very early poriod, on the part of Russia, a defensive rather than an offensive character. In point of military tacties, it be- ccwea a serious question whether Russia can attempt to edvauee upon the centre of Turkey in Europe in the pre- 8 nee of the forces now gollected in the strong places of the Danube, with the sea cvcupied by hostile fleets, and the certainty that an Anglo-French army will arrive i | tire to land upon the flank of the Russian line of mifrela. Had the Russions felt themselves in a condition ‘0 ai vance, the next stop after the posvage of the Danube avd the occupation of the Dobrudscha must bave been to lay siege to Silistria, and they had the stronest induce- ment to otempi to take that important place before the arrival of the European reinforcements. But we are not informed that anything of the kind Las yet been an Frese military obstacles are, however, by ne. most formidable which the Enperor Nicholas has to sur- mount. ers, though not yet entirely satisfactory to us, are far lesa entistactory to him. He has palpably failed ia ob- taining not only their co-operation, but their neutrality. He seer that these governments, which he regarste! as hi firmest allies, have been driven’ by his miseoaduel by a sense of their own interests and independen sign protocols identifying their poliey in otine ple with that of the powers who have already declared war against him. Although be affects to regard with #eorn the po- plas judgment of free nations, he exnnot be insensible ‘0 the fact that his policy has heen condemned throagh- | nd that from the confines of Finland to | out the work those of Hung an ardent desire has been awakened in Furope to shake off the incubus of Russian supremacy. In return, therefore, for the menaces ho addressed « year ago to Turkey, he is menace with the the cearest objects of Russian policy. is entered by 0 fleet of matcbless power, and the Scandi navian nations on either coast of the Sound hail with | enthusiaen the flag of Napier and the foath bolwarks of England. The Hanse Towns strictly protbit every attempt to supply the enemy with contraband of war. The Courts of Northern Germany, and possibly of some other northern States, are reminded t way to their private sympathy with the Russian alliance they will forfeit the confidence of their subjects, and that even the neutrality they week to preserve will be- come ere long a burden and a reproach too grievous to | be borne. Austria has asrembled a powerfnl army on the frontiers of Wallachia; she bas take the field at s moment's notice; and, from her command of ihe Upper Danube and of the passes of the Carpathians, she can pour with irresistible force on the rear of the invading army. As long as Austria keeps that position, and adheres to the language sho has used throughout this discussion, she holds the advanced guard of the Russian army in check, even though not an Austrian soldier crosses the fron- tier. The position of becomes not only ue of defence but of danger; and the entire plan of the cim- paign is changed by the variety of the attacks to which she may be expond. Her lines of operation against Turkey are obvious enongh as long ax kurgpe be a= and the possibility of an Austrian movemen: on 1 right, to advance on the Balkan would be an act of in- ietvation, and even to hold the Principalities is a cause of werkness and embarrassment, since her line of opera- tions may be intersected by the advance of an A\csirian corps on Jassy, or of an Anglo-French army operat ng in Bessarabia. ‘These causes appear to us to account in somo degree for the suspension of operations an’ the absence -of ment wh ority of the public is raised th highest pitch. The last propo terabusg. umount to an off Jiew in exchwnge for the the Black Sea and the phorus Frperer Nicbelns cannot for a moment have suppe that the Western Powers would content themselves with #0 sterile a result of their efforts and sacrifi leaving the whole question to be re-opened by Russia ata more convenient season, yet'thiy proposal has probably beea mace to satisfy the most presving demand of the German Powers, and 80 to detach them from the Quadruple Coa- ference. ]t is important to note, that since the rejec- tion of these terms by France and Engla tocol of the four govern: signed; the Russian Cabinet will be on the receipt of this intel- nee. hile Russia is thus driven to contract her pretensions, and to fall back on the defensive, after having threaten the Porte with her summary vengeance, the Western Powers, which wus strictly defensive at first, and is still defensive in principle, has gradually led them to resolve upon more offeusive operations. Yo reduce Russia to accept terms of peace consistent with the gene- ral interests of Europe and the safety of the Turkish ter- ritories, Fogland and France are compelled to attack hei and to inflict upon her subjects in the Haltic and ti Black Sea a portion of those evils which Russia has so un- relentingly inflicted on others. It ix, Paris—we know not with what truth—that a formal offensive and defensive treaty hax at length been signed between the Western Powers. Be this as it may, certain that England and France cannot lay down their arms until they bave effectually prevente’ the possi- bility of a repetition of these outrages. Had th cf goof Prussia signed the quadruple convention whem it was preposed to him, such an engagement might bave the effect of limiting our operations to the objects con- templated by that insirnment, and the sccret allies of Russia would, of cox ave used their infvence ar ition to blunt aud vestrain. the koenness and foror of he attacks to which ie Emperor Nioholaa is juatly ex- posed. But, ax that convention was defeated by the i the Court of Berlin, we are perfectly free to take sueli a view of the case as our own poll and the success of our arms may justify. At) these causes, partly military and partly political, tend to | prolong tor a while the gusperse which hangs like a To-morrow the bolt maj fall ayig the Oret results of the war will clear away that is still indefinite and obscure, THE CONTENDING ARMIES ON THE DANUBE. pril 19) Correspondence of the London Times.} | (Farle (A The latest and most trustworthy accounts from the headquarters of Omer Pacha prove the urgent necessity of the allie’ forees arriving on the theatre of war with out logs of time, if there be a desire to avoid, as General Paraguay d’Jiilliers his despatches, the repetition on land of the en of Sinope. A competent person, who has very rece examined, and with the greatest attention, the line of the Danube from Widdin to Rassova, and who has very minutely scrutinized the effective force under the com. mand of Omer Fecha, with its capabilities and organiza. tion, is not of n that it is able to meet the Rus- sian army singte-honded, or to oppose its onward mereh to the south. No doubt is expressed as to the zeal, the enthusiasm, and the valor of the Turkish army, but the same authority de- clares that, notwillsiauding the wonderful efforts mede by Omer Fasis to introduce regularity and order in the host he cor mands, there is still a deplorable deficiency in there respects. With the exception of Omer Pecks himself, who is uimitted to be a man of much in- elligence, and two or three others at the most, there is sad want of military capecity among the superior offi- cers, and infinitely leas emoug the subalterns. It is trae that Omer Pacha is full of daring and impetuosity, but these qualities are rather dangerous under the t circumstances, ani it would be ‘most desirable that should not, until supported by the allies, risk a battle with the Russians who have lately ¢ the Danube. According to these accounts, the Turkish army of the Danube dogs not amount to more than 90,000 men, while the Russians have now 200,000 disposable and effective mon in the Principalities avd Bessarabia. Fortunate’ ‘The lunguage and attitase of the Gorman Pow- | nd | , to | loss of | The Baltic | Roth parties continually recounoitre, aud coasequently skirmishes take place, but aclniag ake, Euglish fleet was On the t2ih, eighteen Russian grapbed off Gothland. Ships of the line were lying at Helaingfors, They agemed as if they intended to pass over to Revel. Admiral Plom- ridge had been waichiug them with four frigates, and, ere this, Napier must have come up with aadron, intending doubtless to attack * ONE OF THE FIRST Porrsmourn, May 21, 1854. ‘This evening, between 6 and 7 o'clock,’ no little commo- tion was caused in this port by the appearance ia the roadstesd of one of her Wajesty's steam veasels, oe | & sailing ship in tow, and making for the harbor with speed, The ramparts were quickly thronged with the inbabitants, who as ‘a8 proached ’ near the tailing craft loudly cheered ber fortunate exptors. On boarding the veseel, we found that ber jesty’s revenve steam cruiser Aryus, Commander M, W. 8 Grandy, whigh lott Southead yesterday, fell in with the Froya, for Abo, 440 tons, 15 men, Wickmann, master, Soa Spaee between the Owers and Feechy Head, miles from tbe latter point) and boar! " waking prize of ber, She isa fine ship, four years old, and apparently in good condition. She left Lisbon on the 28th ult., with about 600 tons of salt as car and was bound for Abo, though her master (who very English) says re, No in was offered to hor detention, ang ‘took her porn carrensden gether git mall san for ber err pound carronades, rith amall arms for crew, and a little pone oy ‘The revenue authorities who capture has been Suly reported tothe Fort Adiatal aud capture has been duly re; to the Port-, by him to the ‘Admiralty. THE RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS. {From the London Globe, April 21.) If it is not premature to put some trust in ances. we may congratulate our country, and indeed tho world at large, upom the advance alreaty made in pro- curing the assent of the most important maritime coun- tries to just principles in the regulation of war as it af- fects commerce. We have been sble to re) the su: cessive adhesion of foreign States to the principle of dis- countenancing letters of jue and hoearwe. raat teers from their ports. Hi has renslered that pro- vision a part of the strict neutrality which she has de- clared, Sardinis has only fulfilled. the expectation ere- ated by her intelligent rnd handsome conduct hitherto, in making the same declaration; and there is every pro- bability that the government will take the first opportu nity of declaring likewise its symp thy and alliance with the Westers Powers. From the United States, we learn | that the New York Chamber of Commerce have iiven an | important expression ef opinion on the subject of priva menus tho ashi ee | teering, callin ‘pon tbe governmen. at co-operate with the governments in the Old World for | extinguishing that species of licensed piracy. | In this course, indeed, Americans are not now proceet- ing fer the first time: since we must acknowledge the truth of the claim put forth by the New York Chamber of Commerce on behalf + of the far-seeing and keen- sighted Franklin,” as ha: made the first inovement to the suppression of privatecring by treaty. It ix not an uninteresting coincidence that the first step wan made in 1756, ina treaty between the United States and Russia. the ‘compact bas been followel up by sivaral eluate which the United States have accomplished with the most important governments of Europe; and du Mexican war the American goverpment remained ful to the principle which was enunciated by the philo- sophie statesman seventy years ago. Altho: the Anicricans were thus early in the field, they might now have witnessed the progress of their own principle with- | ont giving active assistance; but it is agreoable to find that the energy of the Western people will not suider them t rest om this opportunity of extending trae civilization in mitigating the evils of war. ‘Those States which st most ¢ mspicuously te if they give | repared herself to | the last pro- | ite bas nevertheless been | id we have yet to learn what the next move of | policy of the | deed, stated in | ui | York,which do not find their counter; is raid to have expressed it in one of | appear delay their concurrence in principles now 80 though Fo recently recognized, are countries and Naples, whose governments have rendered | selves more remarkable for reaction and arbitra at home than for fidelity to their compacts, either home or abroad. In res; to the two countries | question, their decision of far greater moment te themeelves than to us or to commerce. Although Spein and Poples might be troublesome to the smaller craft at sea, they are not powerful enough to cause great alarm, and their navies could, probably be check with comparative ease. But at the moment the Spa - to fortune” will perbaps pot be Europe are com} the ride of the Western powers or in this systematic neutrality which importaut governments have both Spain and Naples must give | the priuctples adupied by repared frankly to join meelves in the rank of our enemies. In latser case there is ii i é we i i i “fl | they are to general thr: of intelligent commercial discontent parts and of military considera- ¢ part of France and Great Britain, to nuts the formidable character of the dangera wi Spoin would provoke by any want of frank assent to the airengements which are dictated by the opinion of other invopeun governments. the kingéom, vortheaster Hone 61 ‘Ihe latest correspondence from Naples complains of systematic annoyance British subjecis, which, ‘though still kept within letter of the law, are vexa- tion to the degree of becoming intolerable. be called Letore the pes for su palprdere greyed for = possession of an % shape of a or reason’ than these, is nah en in- 8 eveD more jury and insult to the aul of a great power which pha ad tetas in order, and which hat far the Neapolitan goveriment, I fox en] ‘thet ‘‘redress’’ is furnished to British satisfactory redress would be a total annoyance. But the Rot eno: subjecta: | to the list even of ites, | in inhuman treatment of its own sane: fh are be by one of our own ministers, is ii itself rather than Europe by inopportunely manner in which the crown has sustained itself | despotic alliances. We might almost say la ‘8 bent on showing the rest of Europe how ble she is of fulfilling her duties, either to | jects or to her allies—on proving herself a | sance whom the rest of Europe would be glad | of the way. It is v New York 5 theaympathy of the most influential classes should have been anticipated by tho government has taken in to | rights of neutrals. No roj | private property, or of the | flicted by licensed piracy, have been put forward in in our own orders incouncil. The principle that free ships make free goods, is peeks ead recognized in these orders, a | ly adopted bafore the arrival of those claims ca. Americans, therefore, will recognise that unity of feeling in this country is far more valuable than an extorted concession. On the other hand, it is not less Commerce d-libe- of sea- re 80 long as the t tn eh pepe | form: t countries indica fe is a _ —e THE VERY LATEST. Panis, !viday Evening, April 21, 1854. | _ Pricea were sustained on the Bourse to-day—Three per | Cents., 68f. 35¢. for the end of the month; and the Four- and.a-Half per Cents, 90. i : af e Hl A d BG pate i Berwin, April 21, 1854 Yesterday an offensive and defensive alliance batanen Austria and Prussia was signed by Baron Mantewifel on = side, and by Baron Hess and Count Thun on the Anote, ia the character of an ultimatum, has heen re- ceived from France. The conclusion of an offensive an? defensive alliance between France and England has heen notified to thir court by the ambassadors of both Powers The ministerial Prussian Correspmidence contradicts the report that the Chevalier Bunsen bad been recallet Vinwwa, Friday Evening, April 21, 1854, The Oes Correspondens ancounces the Austro-Prussian alliance, adding that the recently-concluded European Protocol of the %h should be enforzed in a way beseow- ing the dignity and interests of Germany. Austria energetically protests against any movement in Montenegro, and the export of arms from Austria te Montenegro is prohibited. ‘The Russians are one hondred and twenty-five English miles from Varna, Count Nesselrode’s circular to the Rassian diplomatic the presence of the allied fleets in the Black Soa reniers | agents is favorable to the Grock insurreet! it impossible for the Russians to obtain supplies from | ? the coast, and a considerable portion of that immense force is employed in conveying provisions and stores to the Dobrudscha. want of organization of the Turks have dene wonders, but a pitched batile, whic! it is the interest as well as the desire of the Russians to hasten on before the arrival of the allied armies, there is reason to fear would be their de struction. is decisive on that point. I am informed thats roport has Leen forwarded to the French government by Colouel Dien—who, by the way, is not dead as was reported— and tbat it differs very little from the accounts to which Trefer. Perhaps that report is still more strougly deawn up, and may have hastened the resolution, said to be come to by the government, of sending at once one han dred thousand men, or more, instead of sand rpoken of. It hna been rumored that Omer Pa expresses his delight at the Russians having at le Hitherto the; rewarded richly the messeager «h> Drought thee to his camp. Ido not koow how far that The opinion of the person to whom I allude | Toe Duke of Cambridge arrives here this evening. Tlis Royal Highness is the bearer of a letter of congrat- But the great danger is in the | wlation from the Queen to the Emperor. ‘The Emperor bas gone by land to pay a flying visit to his bride, at Linz, Dut will be back to-morrow to receive her. The Wanderer asserts that the Russians lost all. their stores in the conflagration at Fokschani. ‘The Osservatore Triestino, which is generally wel! in- formed on such matters, says that the police have dis covered a Greek conspiracy at Constantinople, for attest | ing the Terks and Franks during the Easter holidays. rumor is corfect. It is natural fora brave leader of at army ,clated by previous and, it must be asid, unexpected | Ruccesses, to estimate less highly than mere civilians ths importance of ai the quarrel should be tiations, and to that to am issue by the sword Lord Stratford de Redeliffe has received several me. the fifty thon. | uacing anonymous letters, ‘The military posts have been tripled in Pom ane “ae hat he considered the tilings | Gstate™ Coreymaaen, April 17, 1864 ‘There Is still some tee in the Gulf of Finland, but aot enough to prevent the frigates from cruising. Haamone, April 20, 1854 Yesterday, the 18th, four more merchant voasels be. longing to Russia, were captured by the English cruisers