The New York Herald Newspaper, May 1, 1854, Page 4

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NEW: YORK HERALD.|“°“"Saceeeee Ds JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND ED!TOR. SAU AND FULTON STS. , containing impor- yld—if used, witl )RRESPONORNTR AL ALL Lerrers LY REQUESTED Ti vs. Subscriptions or with adver- age wilt be deducted from uy , communications. We do NY BLINTING executed with neatness, cheapness and despatch MDVER Volume XIX NTS renewed every dey. jo. U9 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENI BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Suanny Ma euine—In any Our oO» PLAce—Barney, THE BARON BURTON’S THEATRE, Chautbers street—Tux Teurxst Tux AvTomaton Man. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Souniea’s Davenrer —Inxaxp As It ty. “ WATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham strcet—Unere Tom's @anin. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway—Prison ano Pa uace—Heanr ar FAvur—Fonrung’s PRoLic. AMERICAN M Hor Conn. Sop Mataimony STY’S AWERI' OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broad- WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 444 Broadway, Ermiortax Even: The regent heavy fall of rain has caused the most serious damage, and the los: by it is al- most incalculable. In the north and north- eastern part of this State there was a heavy de- | posit of snow, all of which has of course melted, and, joining with the deluge of rain, it has swelled the small mountain streams to torrents: | These, rushing downward to the rivers, have \ overflowed their banks—innocent cascadeshave * suddenly become mighty leaping torrents—the , alluvial deposits on the river slopes have be py mingled with the flood—and the result is “4 ge- ries of disasters to proyerty to repay which millions of dollars will pe required. The various railwzys converging, to New York, and having th sir course by tue sea or by the river, such as ‘(be Hudson River Railroad, the Harlem, the “ grje, the Caraden and Amboy Railroad, and damaged by } yma slides, destruction of bridges, &c., and the ¢ getention of travellers, the mails and freight, wi’ 4 disarrange business to a most an- noying €? ent, Not only property but life has been s2¢ fificed, as will be seen by the accounts of the ¢ rrying away of an embankment on the Erie ~ oad at Stairway station, by which nine mcn were precipitated into the water, seven of whe jm were drownded, and of the land slide at Br ooklyn Heights. Manufactories of all kinds Wawern eisy—Burietta of Unene Tom's Canin, BUCKLEY'S CPERA HOUSE, 539 Broadway—Brox- sar’s Exwiorian Ovens Tour: BROOKLYN ATHENAEUM BANVARD’S GEORAMA, 59 Breadway—Parerama ‘ov Tur Moxy Lanp. ‘WHOLE WORLD, 377 and 379 Breadway—Aftersoon and Brening. JONES'S PANTISCOPB—Arvax.0 Rooms. Phare ‘ork, Monday, May 1, tf54. om's Gnanp Concent Notice to Advertisers. Our immense edition and tho pressure of advertine- ‘ments on our columas have become so great, that it is ‘absolutely necessary to réfuse all adverisements coming safter ten-o’clock at night, except thone which from their ure cannot be sent in earlier inho evening, such as Bosses, accidents, deaths, &e. All oLher advertisements oust remain over until the next dsy, unless sent in be- fore the hour specified. The Newe We give on the first page accounts of the disas- ters occasioned by the recent heavy fall of rain. Although no proper estimate can at this time be formed of the loss, yet sufficient is known to justify the opinion thst it will amount to millions. The immense Croton dam, upon which the city of New York is dependent for its supply of water, gave way before the flood. The various railroads leading to the city have been seriously damaged, bridges car- ried away, and factories destroyed. For some days the mails will be obstructed, and the telegraph lines have suffered considerably. The Sandy Hook and all the Eastern lines were down last night. Our readers are referred to the editorial article in au- other column for further remarks upon this subjec The bodies of the unfortunate men who met their deaths at the fire in Broadway on Tuesday last, were followed to their last resting place yesterday by ‘the Fire Department, delegations of firemen from the neighboring cities,find a large concowse of citizens. Indeed, the procession is allowed to have been the largest and most orderly that has occurred in this city for many years, notwithstand- ing the unpropitious state of the weather. To-day has been appointed by the Canal Board for opening the canals of this State, but the un- favorable state of the weather having proved a great impediment to the work of repairing, and the occur- rence of several accidents, will probably postpo for some days the commencement of navi In consequence of the accumulations of the two previous seasons remaining to be removed, the work division of the line, how clared open, as boats can leave most of the cities along the route. We publish elsewhere a full report of the first ser- mon delivered by Arch! in this since his return from C dience which is due to 9 ty, in allits forms, from that which the slave owes to his master to the obedience of the child to his parent. In the course of his remarks on the relation that should exist by: tween the master and the slave, the Archh: takes occasion, incidentally, to allude to the als may be de- y cud, and from ‘op considers preferable to his condition in the land 4 his birth. i We continue this morning the correspondence be- tween J. Randolph Clay, our Minister accredited the Peruvian government, and the Minister of eign Relations of Peru, relative to the navigation the river Amazon and its tributaries. This imme river takes its rise on the Andes, in Pera, pursi a circuitous course of more than four thousand iil: and receives the waters of over three hundred tribu- taries. streams as lie within the boundaties of Pera point at issue. The vast importance of this 1 our couutry is seen at a glance, and requi elaboration. After the rejection by the Pe Congress of three treaties, formally negotiated duly authorized agents of the governments, ratilied by the United States Senate, and signed by ‘ue President, a fourth was finally agreed to, on the 26th July, 1 by which the commerce of this country, in all the ports, territories and places of Peru, is put | upon alike footing with the most favored a A treaty between raand Brazil was ratitied on the 19th October, he former allowing certain privileges to the latter on the river and trib and our Minister formally r government to extend to the similar immunities and privileg: . Inreply, was promulgated on the 15th April, 1863, which enacted that all nations haying specitic treaties with Peru were thenceforth to be admitted to the naviga- tion of the Amazon; but ina subsequent explanatory decree, dated January 4, 1854, the Peruvian Minister contends that the tre: with Brazil is particular, and different essentially from that entered into with the United States, and he also contends that the treaty with the latter did not extend to the naviga- ruction Mr. Clay enters subject with a fervor 7 » pablica- tion of the correspondence the gtate of our columns will permit. sident F ore was entertained at Charles- ton by a grand dinner and an excu round the harbor. He proceeded to Augusta on Friday, and would proceed thence to Nashville. Our despatch Charleston fart es intelli- gence from Na I, to the 19th instant, The record of marine disa is important to those interested i ping, and shows that aa iia. mense joes of f ty has been sustained this sea son in that region, Inagua, the we The tenth Missionary Society Bishop Wainwright presid i { raking was g ing ona riate address. tae on the Japan Expedition; Orin ex-President Fillmore’s Tour ; remains of rious Affair in Arkansas; th Margaret Fuller; Letter from Leslie Comt mm China; Later from New Mexico; Letters from our correspondents at Washington, Old Point Con fort, and Bowton; Court eports ; Pidaiviel ado Cummercial Intelligence, &c., &c. ty) tion of the latter in the {sland of Cuba, whucu he t! The right to navigate such of these confluent | » | tempts at consolation must seem to those who by | W fll be obliged to suspend operations for several ¢ mys, and the Heratp is saffering for the want of the required quantity of paper for its edition. But the most serious effect dT the «torm, as far as the people of New York city are concerned, remains to be told. News was received in this city, at two o'clock yesterday afternoon, that the great dam over the Cro- ton river had given way before the force of the swollen current, and that the supply of water for the aqueduct was consequently cut off until the damage could be repaired. The extent of this calamity may be imagined, when we consider the fact that the city of New York receives from the Croton river over twenty- five millions of gallons of water per diem, and that even this amount is no more than is actu- ally needed to supply the wants of the citizens. Immediately after the receipt of this intelli- gence, the Croton Water Board was convened, and measures will be taken to repair the dam- age at once. There isa supply of water in the reservoirs sufficient for several days’ consump- tion, and it is hoped that the dam may be re-. paired in two days’ time. In the meantime, the Mayor has issued ‘his proclamation, informing the citizens of the state of affairs, and calling upon them to use their individual exertions in economising the amount of water to be used until it is announc- ed that the dam is repaired. We will not at- tempt a description of the horrors and annoy- ances which must ensue in a great city like this should the supply of water be cut off, for an hour even. Every person must be fally aware of the dangers that menace us in view of such a state of things, and we trust that all good citizens will join with the authorities in their endeavors to bring about a careful husbandry of the supply of water now in the reservoirs. We have given above but a hurried glance at the mischief which has been done by this almost unprecedented spring flood. Our columns con- tain such particulars as our reporters and cor- respondents were able to gather yesterday, but we fear that but half of the sad story has been told. We shall hear of nothing during the next week but land slides, railways demolished, mails and travellers detdined, bridges swept away, telegraph lines disarranged; mills and mann- factories stopped; but we trust that we shall have to record no more losses of life. The ca- lendar of eighteen hundred and fifty-four is al- ready a bloody record, reeking with the last wails of burned, drowned, and mangled men, women and children: The Funeral Yesterday—Our Fire Depart- ments Yesterday afternoon the shocking drama which commenced on Tuesday night was brought to a close by the funeral ceremony of | the unfortunate men who were killed. The melancholy spectacle will long be remembered | by those who witnessed it. It is due to the | firemen to bear testimony to the excellent sense of propriety which pervaded the whole arrange- ments, and which harmonized admirably with the feelings of the spectators. There was no display, no pageantry, no noise; all was silent sorrow for the brave dead. Feeble as such at- havetost a father, a protector, a friend, the de- monstration was the only return a sympathising | public could make to the bereaved families. It was more sincere, more deeply felt, perhaps, | than any former funeral in this city. | And well it might be. For at least acentury anda half, the New York firemen have filled a conspicuous, a responsible, and too frequently perilous station in our society. Ever since | the brushwood was cleared from Manhattan Island, we may say, the New York firemen have | been wsking their lives and undergoing hard- ships in saving the property of their fellow | citizens. How often they have atoned for their | daring in the fearful manner deseribed so fre- quently during the,past week, noone can tell lt is to conjecture that several times cac ing the past century and a half some | out of the gallant band have been hur- ried to a premature grave by the hand of sudden death. But whether it was irit that fell alone, ale destruction decimated s ofthe volunteers, the grief which ter inspired never cooled the cou some well knowa heroic or whether whi the rar the d ofthe survivors. They followed their ¢ rades to the grave and an hour after 8 would tread with unfaltering step the very peril in which they had met their fate. What- ever faults may be laid to the charge of the New York Fire Department—and what body f men has not its fanlts?—it can never be questi id that a more courageous, indefatigable and self-denying corps was never ed in this State. The hut of ‘the poor = ever been as sure of their aid as the palace of the millionaire; the tottering house, with their flimsy walls and cracking beams as the test edifice ever erected. With an- equalled oppe ities for cowardice, they ne- n to shrink from their nees of plunder, their c feel it tobe tou on the body, fuia 1 symp toms of ites appro are already manifest. It would be well if we could say the same of all the other primitive institutious W York, wuea the proper period aitived or their repeal, and the substitution of others at a time wh @ the age and the condition of 4 Wolunteer system of firemea ue Bive Way to another better suited to a city like tes, York, aud to an era like the present. Uniike other public bodies we coukl mentio 4, i%3 corporate existence will determine, not fr om any radical vice in itself, or from any ee jenevacy among its members; but simply be- | S suse, in a city counting six or seven huedred éhousand inhabitants, and filled every year with the outpourings of the large cities of Europe, | no possible volunteer fire department could | | work as efficiently as a regular paid fire bri- | gade. With the honorable antecedents they have to look back on, the New York firemen can afford to admit that their continued existence | could not but be fraught with danger to the | interests they are the most deeply concerned in | guarding. They will be the first to perceive society. will give w | the mischiefs arieing from the necessary an- selves. Nor can they now be blind to the tre- mendous evils lurking under the present system of runnersand scouts, Practices that have long been suspected have now been established be- yond the probability of a doubt by®the evidence at the inquest now sitting ; itis proved that in one instance at lenst, individuals whose pre- tended connection with the fire department gave them access to places from whence the public was excluded, availed themselves of that facility to steal clothes. Nor is it possible by any vigi- lance to defeat the schemes of these miscreants, so long as the firemen are a volunteer body, A spirit of rivalry will-always prevent their aban- doning the employment of runners; and activity will always be a higher gratification thanhonesty among this classofmen. Captains of an engine hurrying in breathless haste toa fire, will never refuse the assistance of a volunteer who offers to lend a hand at the rope; or prevent an ap- parently zealous spectator from helping to work the engine. It is in fact impossible to hinder strangers from mixing with the firemen under our present system. We doubt even whether under certain circumstances it would not be possible for a man of bad character and criminal designs to obtain admission into a regular fire company as a member. Such cases, if any exist, are obviously very rare; but if a shrewd thief set his wits to work to attain this distinction, he might possibly succeed. We need not point out the extent to which f1e dangers flowing from this source might be carried.. If one man has been detected with stolen clothes in his possession, how many others may have escaped? Who can tell what proportion of the property missing after one of our large fres may have been stolen, and what burnt? Even if we are guilty of exaggerating the extent of the practice, is not a feeling of security worth attaining at any cost? Weare glad to hear that the firemen are en- gaged in endeavoring to identify the man who was killed with Jennings’ clothes in his poss: sion. We have no doubt that it will be disco- vered he had no real connection with any fire company. The inquiry should lead them to another theme. The abolitionof our present fire system is inevitable; from no one could a suggestion to that effect come with such gool grace as from the firemen themselves. We who owe them a debt of gratitude might experience some reluctance in resorting to such a measure without ascertaining their views: if they took the initiative, they would act a noble and aa equally wise part. Volunteer fire systems have had their day in New York; let the task of s gesting a fitting substitute devolve upon the volunteer firemen themselves. The Gadsden Treaty Swindle—The Adminis- tration and the Railroad Jobbers. We understand that President Pierce, Secre- tary Marcy, and General Almonte, the Mexican Minister at Washington, were closeted together pretty much the whole of last Friday,in }rofound consultation upon the remnants of that magni- ficent railroad swindle known as the Gadsden | treaty. They were probably debating the ex- pediency of accepting the reduction made by the Senate, from twenty millions to ten mil- lions, as the cash price for the several equiva- lents to be c.nceded by Santa Anna. We pre- sume that there will be no difficulty in coming to an arrangement upon this basis; for Santa Anna wants money very badly, and the rail- road jobbers interested want their rights of way and a few extra millions with which to turn their speculation to the best account in gulling credulous capitulistsand in fleecing the innocent public, As far as we have been able to ascertain, two muillious of dollars will cancel all the bona fide claims of Mexican citizens against the United | States, and of American citizens against Mex- | ico, The batch of Mears and Gardner claims paid over under the last treaty, has strikingly illustrated the tendency to the | most atrocious in this business. | so that, even by limiting the amount for claims to two millions, it is quite possible that half the amount may be swallowed up by other Gardners, and their legal, Cabinet and Con- 1al conspirators, But, setting apart two millions for claims, and taking the testimony | of the late Boundary Commissioners—Mr. Bart- | lett, Col. Cooke, Major Emory, Gen. Kearney, Col. Fremont and others—the territory we suall | a ive will be worth just nothing as all, being a wild, hideous, howling, God-forsakea sert. Consequently, the other eight millions | of the new treaty will admit of an equal divi- | sion of four millions for the right of way over | the Tehuantepec route, and the right of way for the Pacific railroad, over Cooke's desert wagon route, or in that neighborhood. Here, then, we suall have another remarka- | ble exemplitication of the beautiful flexibility of our federal constitution. It is unconstita- tional to appropriate money out of the general treasury for interfal improvements, although it is constitutional to appropriate the public | lands to Western railroads. But while Con- er have not the power to grant the ready cash for such enterprises within our owa terri- tories, it seems that the President, “by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,” may take any amount ofmoney from the treasury for the purchase of the right of way for speculating railroad companies in 9 foreign country. This is “ whipping the devil round the stump” with a vengeance. That the constitution of the United States ever contemplated, or that its framers ever dreamed of such a thing as the purchase of railroad rights of way in-Mexico, for the benefit of certain gangs of private specu- tterly preposterous s It is unconstit the poor lunatics of the country, by a donation of the public lands to the various asylums in which they may have found a refuge; but it is perfeetly constitutional to vote away the pub- lie domain, by millions upon millions of acres, frauds for cleazing away the obstructions, for exam- ple, in the Hudson at Albany; but it is perfect- ly legitimate to appropriate ten, fifteen, twenty er even fifty millions, if need be, for the pur- chare of railroad routes for plundering specu- | lators outside of the limits of the United | States. Such are the constructions of the | constitution under the auspices of this hybrid free soil and secession administration. Their | stock jobbing and spoils-seeking affiliations, and their excuse’and false pretences, based upon the innocent constitution, are alike iniquitous and detestabls, Common sense repels the idea of their sircerity or their consistency. The'ye is, however, a marvellous rapacity for the plunder with the present spoils adminis- tregion at Washington, very mach resembling tbe insatiable régime of Martin Van Buren. ‘While great objects of real utility are repu- diated upon constitutional pretences, the most others, have been severely | tagonism between the police force and them- | unprincipled cliques of plundering stock job- bers and spoilsmen are invited to batten upon the treasury, under the most fraudulent repre- sentations of public policy. One might sup- pose that the state of affairs in Europe would justify the strengthening of our navy, and of our coast and harbor defences, at the outlay of a good many millions of dollars, in order to be prepared for the possible contingencies of a world-pervading war, in which we may be ulli- mately involved. But, while our President, our Cabinet and kitchen cabinet, intent only upon the spoils, discard all projects which will not yield good dividends, they will move hea- ven and earth for a Gadsden treaty, though re- duced to half its original profits. The purchase of foreign railroad routes for the benefit of official and outside speculators is thus perfectly legitimate, though we may get nothing in ex- change except a mongrel empire in Mexico, after the fashion of Faustin Soulouque. At this rate, by the year 1856 our treasury will be as empty as that of Santa Anna, our credit as bad, our spoilsmen as unscrupulous, and the checks and balances of our constitution as much a fable and a mockery as those of Mex- ico. Let the House of Representatives vote the supplies of the Gadsden treaty, and public plunder assumes the Mexican type. The next thing in order will be the election of our Presi- dent at the point of the bayonet, in the squab- bles of rival factions for the spoils. Such are the bitter fruits of our imbecile hybrid ad- ministration, whose only bond of cohesion is the public plunder. Such are the conspirators of the Gadsden treaty. But we are admonished from Washington that the appropriations contemplated by this Gadsden treaty, when they shall come before the House will be very apt to encounter a formidable resistance, and a full exposure of all the facts and mysteries connected with the corrupt bargain, notwithstanding such exposure has been refused by the Senate. Col. Benton, it appears, intends to oppose the treaty appro- priations—because the contracting parties have invaded the privileges of the Honse—because of the manner in which the bargain was coa- cocted—because of its provisions and its ob- jects. In furtherance of a searching inyestiga- tion, Col. Benton also designs to move for a select committee, with power to send for per- sons and papers. And why not? Unless the thing is confessedly rotten and corrupt, can there be any reasonable objection to a sifting investigation into the secret history of this Gadsden treaty, and a thorough examination of all the parties concerned? When the treaty shall have been ratified, therefore, and Santa Anna and the stock-jobbers come before the House for their first instalment, let them have the committee and the investigation. In the Gardner case the money was paid over, and the investigation made afterwards. When the administration is too weak to resist the stock- jobbers, and when the Senate is deceived upon false pretences, the country looks to the House for the protection of the treasury. Progress of Newspaper Enterprise in the United States—Circulation and Advertise- ments of the Herald, The growth of the newspaper press in the United States within the last eighty years, is without parallel in the history of its progress in any other country. Were the rapidity of its inerease to be taken as an evidence vf con- current mental advancement, we would stand first amongst the nations of the world in the scale of intellectual superiority. In 1776 we could only boast of 37 newspapers throughout the whole of the Union; in 1810 the number had increased to 359, in 1826 to 640, in 1830 to 1,000, andin 1853 to little short of 1,500. With our comparatively limited population, we possess a greater number of journals than the whole of the European nations put to- gether. With us, too, the advertisement system was first developed to its legitimate extent. In Great Britain, announcements through the me- dium of the newspapers, in the form in which they are now published, did not become gene- ral until the beginning of the eighteenth cen- tury; but the heavy government duty charged upon them long retarded the full expansion of the system. In the reign of William the Fourth | the remonstrances of the press procured a re- duction of the duty from 3s. 6d. sterling to Js, 6d. in Great Britain, and 1s. in Ireland, the single advertisement. Its immediate effect was to raise the number of advertisements for the three kingdoms, in the year 1841, from 1,021,943 to 1,778,957. In 1849 the number had increased to 2.109.179; and now that the duty has been removed altogether, another year or two will probably double the amount. it is only of late years that the French press has devoted much attention to this, the most profitable source of revenue to a journal. The competition being formerly restricted to but a few newspapers, and circulation being almost exclusively relied upon for a return for the capital invested, but little effort was made to create a taste amongst the public for the facili- ties for transacting business afforded by the advertising system. The projectors gnd con- ductors of the great political journals of Paris— which alone possess any considerable circula- tion—were either too proud or too lazy to avail themselves of the advantages which this fruitful field of enterprise presented to them; and it was only when speeulators offered to farm for this purpose @ certain number of their columns, that they became sensible of the opportunities which they had neglected. Instead, however, of actively pushing this department, and de- riving all the profit from it themselves, most of the leading journals leased, as it were, for a fixed sum, the advertising eolumns of their papers to a company of capitalists, and thus limited, absolutely, for a certain term of years, the amount of their receipts from this source. Té will be readily understood, from these facts, why—there being intermediate interests to satis- for Westra railroad laad jobvers. 1i is uneva- 1y between the public and the newspaper proprie- titutional vote money out of the Treasury | sor—the advertisement system should not have obtained that full expansion and developement | which, in a city like Paris—the centre of Euro- pean civilization and refinement—was natural- ly to have been looked for. It will also serve to explain why there should be 60 little stabili- ty and certainty in French newspaper proper- ty. The French journals being purely politi- | cal organs, and having no great advertising in- | terest to fall back upon, are subject to fluctua- ticns and reverses more sudden and violent | than are eleewhere to be witnessed in the news paper press. | We manage these matters somewhat differ- | ently here. We neither seck to raise State revenues from taxes imposed upon great pub- Yic facilities, nor are our newspaper proprietors too proud or too idle to attend to the details of their own business. The consequence is, that whilst the number of advertisements published in Great Britain within the year, amount only to about 2,000,000, those” published in the United States, exceed 10,000,000. , In comparing these results, we confess that we take pride to ourselves for having, in some degree, contributed, by oar personal efforts and example, to stimulate the spirit of enterprise which has placed the American press in this proud position. As we labored ardently, un- tiringly and perseveringly for this object, out reward has been proportionate. This journal now stands at the head, not only of the American, but of the European, press both in point of circulation and advertisements. Our daily issue is upwards of fifty-five thou- sand, being fifteen thousand more than that of the London Times, and our number of Tuesday last contained upwards of thirty columns of closely printed advertisements, which, taking into account the smallness of the type in which they are set, will probably be found to be the largest amount of advertisement matter that has ever been printed ina single number of any journal, whether American or European. These advertisements are renewed every day, and present a complete and amusing epitome of all the daily wants, habits, interests, necessities, and occupations of the times in which we live. Most of the business affairs, and much of the pleasures and amusements, of life are transact- ed through their medium. Under the heads of each of the five chapters into which they are classified, you can effect almost any operation. OBEDIENCE TO AUTHORITY. The First Sermon of Archbishop Haghes on hi Return from the South, | His Views em Afriean Slavery, as Witnewe in Cuba, &, &., kk. | Archbishop Hughes delivered his first sermon since } return from Cuba, in St. Patrick’s Cathedral, to a numerous congregation, who were evidently rejoie to see him again among them. He appears in the € joyment of excellent health, the genial climate of U| | South having restored him to the full possession of } former energies. He took his text from the 10th stan| of St. Jobn, beginning with the 11th and ending with 1th verse:— 1am the good shepherd; the good shepherd giveth }} lite for the sheep. ] But he that is an hireling, and not the shepherd, whe} own the sheep are not, and fleeth, and the wolf catch them and seattereth the sheep. ‘The hireling tleeth because he is an hireling, and not for the sheep. iy I ama good shepherd and know my sheep, and known of mine. And other sheep I bave, which are of this fold; them also I must bring; and they sh| hear my voice; and there shall be one fold and shepherd. The first words which shall find utterance on this | casion, as prompted by the feelings of the heart, are | my part words of gratitude to Almighty God for his p tection and good providence during the period-in whic hhave been absent from the yost. that is so dear to heart—gratitude to God for the accomplishment of object of that absence; and I shall extend this oxpr sion of gratitude to the people among whom I have Journed, for nothing could be more soothing to an inva atany time, although tome so unexpected, as the att] tion and kindness which I everywhere received. I not among strangers, but among friends; and a frie ship 80 delicate, so studious to anticipate every never experienced, nor did I suppose possible. Tow those I should give public expressién to my gratitude. need not enter into details; but there is one in partic the learned, the humble and saintly Bishop of Haval] towhom I feel under obligations which it will ne] be in my power to repay. Nor to those al should I express my gratitude, for it seemed ar every one conspired to take away from absence feeling with which it is accompanied. I kn before I left that many prayers were offered for me; orphans raised their hands and hearts to God; religi: communities here—you, yourselves—all took an inter | in the occasion which prompted my departure; y only you, but, to my astonishment, I may say in| South, in the West, and in the East, prayers had offered up constantly for a health and a life so un Portant as mine. For all this I ought to be grateful | my preservation from accident by sea and land. In midst of multitudinous accidents God has If you want a wife, a partner, or a servant—if you desire to let your house “ to a responsible tenant”—if you seek board which will not be starvation, and lodgings that will not be unte- nantable—if you are driven to give away your effects at auction fora third of what they cost you; or if, in short, you covet anything that does not enter into the ordinary categories of newspaper classification, you are sure to ac- complish your object by a glance at our “Wants,” “ Tenants’ Register,” “ Board and Lodgings,” “Sales at Auction,” or ‘+ Miscella- neous” columns. Should it be your lot to make an unhappy choice, you must not visit the blame on us. All that we undertake to do is to present you with a variety to choose from. Vero or THE Lunatic Asyitum, Lanp Brnr— Tue Preswent’s Reasons.—According to our telegraphic advices, from Washington, the Pre- sident of the United States, in a day or two, will certainly send back the Lunatic Asylum Land bill to the Senate, where it originated, with his veto and his reasons for it. The two houses have acted upon the principle that if they possess the power to vote away the public ands ad liditum to Western railroad land speculators, they have also the power to grant a portion of the public domain for purposes of public charity among all the States of the Union. It seems, however, that Gen. Pierce assumes to be a strict constructionist “of the straitest sect,” and will place his veto upon this mighty nice distinction. The bill distributing ten millions of acres of the public lands to the various Lunatic Asylums of the country, gives away so much land for which no equivalent can be rendered to the Treasary; but the build ing of railroad through the public lands en. hances their value; and hence itis a sound policy to assist in making the road, by a grant of the alternate sections along the line. This is to be the plea for the veto of the bill for the relief of the poor lunatics, and for the signing of the railroad land jobbing schemes, no matter what the amount of the public lands thus seized by the speculators, and no matter how numerous the grants thus made. Can anything in the way of political thimble-riggiag be ima- gined more supremely contemptible than this paltry special pleading in behalf of the land swindlers. Take the President upon this plea, and the State of New York may rightfully claim of Congress a grant to the extent of eight or ten millions of acres of the public domain for the enlargement of the Erie canal; for what has contributed more to enhance the value of Western lands than this great outlet for Western produce? What Western railread, or any dozen of them, is calculated to do more in still further enhancing the value of Western lands than the enlargement, without corruption, and under proper regulations, of this aforesaid Erie canal? Let the New York delegation bear this in mind, when any one of these Western land speculating schemes shall come up for consi- deration. And let every State or railway com- pany interested in any canal or railroad line connecting our Atlantic seaports with the Mis- sissippi valley, put in the saving plea that all these outlets of Western produce, and channels of emigration, inevitably contribute to in- crease the value of the public lands, and claim their share accordingly. If the public domain is to be absorbed by the land jobbers, let the “Old Thirteen” put in for their fair proportion. Why make fish of one set and fowl of another?! Is there any authority in the constitution for limiting these gratuities to Western land job- bing schemes? The public lands are the pro- perty of all the States of the Union, under the guardianship of Congress; and if the railroad and canal land jobbers are to have the mono- poly of the choicest parcels, let the Eastern States insist upon a fair division among their public works which have operated, or may operate, to increase the value of the public lands in any section of the country. As we understand it, the constitution covers the whole Union, and if it does not authorize the grant- ing of lands for charitable Ppt ene but does authorize gratuities for land jobbing monopo- lies, it does not limit this authority to the Western States, but extends it over the whole country. et, stead bill, all these land schemes, the Home- Bennett’s Land Distribution bill, and the charity bills—but worst of all, these land swindling Western railroad bills—are all out- side the spirit and intent of the constitution. But we repeat, that if the canal and railroad jobbers are to have the monopoly of the land gratuities, the Eastern railroads and canals connecting with the West, are entitled to their full share, If the public lands are to be stolen from the treasnry under cover of law, let there be honesty, at least, in the division of the plun- der, That's all. tected 2 nor will I'say that it has been solely the influence of | delicious climates in which I have sojourned for a tit but still more tothe prayers that God has heard hearkened to—prayers that have been answored effectively. 1am also grateful that during my abse nothing has occurred calculated to inflict deep sorrc ‘The faithful have persevered in that steady cou: upright conduct which has won for them the : those who have’ mo sympathy with thelr creed. clergy, also, under the prudent guidance of him who charged with the administration of the diocess in m; sence, have deserved well of their flocks for thelr zeal care, and all that rises after those four months a subject of regret, is the absence of some to whom « ‘ople had been long in the habit of Jooking up forac in amount of protection and . Death, the stroyer, las been among you, ahd in this particular has selected from among the laity men advanceé stance life, whose zeal for the interests of the community to wh they were so much attached, rendered them ornaments this community. They have been called hence; and wh we feel that their absence leaves a chasm, a void, may not cease to hope that others will take their pl in vhe high sphere of usefulness to which they had dev. eda large portion of their lives, their talents and tt means. This is the only regret I feel—to find that de: has been among you, selecting from the laity those might be least disposed to spare, and also from amc the clergy those who were in the prime of their you whose years seemed to promise the commence: 9, long career of usefulness in the service of God. But't? is nothing new in the world—it is a continuation of w) has been, and is but introductory to what will be; but never permits us, even if we should be negligent in the formance of our duty, to remain long unadmoniahed rely by the word of the mixfster of religion, but B more direct warning—an intimation of what we whence we came, whither we are tending. In t meantine, how pleasant it is to remember the words the gosyel—that we are sheep, and that our pastor is good shepherd; that he lnid down his life for his flo ‘that we are all under the guidance of his infinite wisd and mercy! In reading this gospel, our minds are direct to a subject of exceeding importance to us, namely—t God, in whom are all attributes infinitely perfect, b one attribute which he has, without divesiing hims of, communicated in ack to his creatures. He is the p: tor by excellence, yet he has divided or communicat that pastorship to others in the organization of t church; He has sent others on that same divine missi. He came to fulfil, not, it is true, to take part in that finite atonement He alone could make; but he has cons tuted other pastors with him, who are “acting by | authority and in his name, so that their pastors! is undistinguished from his own. Thus it that in all that pertains to religion, man, disposed to do what is fe has ample itd of hope, because he has to deal with One who desires 1 salvation, and who has provided and brought within | reach all'the means necessary to its accomplishmet Neither is it to be supposed that this power of paste ship is limited to those especially consecrated to t ministry—in fact, all power on the earth is of God, a| whether it be that of the sovereign or the rulers, | whether it be that of the father of the famil: one it be that of the owner of slaves, or that of the maste of those who are temporarily placed in that position their own voluntary act—there is throughout all this! extension of the fae oe of God, and it is that it m) be employed for His glory that we find it thus dist. buted among men. Then, if men have this autho over others, whether it be over children or slaves, servants, bf have power, and that power is from and because it is from God it is to be respected, on t! rinciple of conscience, by those who are subjeet to ut as Christians, how would you mistake ¢ nature of that wer if you were to se it stmply the result of good fo ie recom! of your own industry, that should placed in the position of superior raed anor No; it not for this purpose that they are bound, bya iP of conscience, to hearken to your authority, ergs bul pe in eee et rae the will of now, if you u religion, that the pow, ‘ou exercise is but a portion of the supreme power th longs to God. I would, therefore, call your attentic to-day to this subject, because, on a proper understan ing of it, and ona gr a! the duties it implies, d pend the hope of the ing generation, the ronovatic of society, and the diffysion of the spirit of God throug all clas: If God has given power to man, it does p follow that he is the owner or proprietor of ‘that p he has it with certain duties, and, beyond all questi those who are constituted in power have, at the saz time that the power is real—that it is from the source « all power—a responsibility connected with it whic they will do well to pay attention to, Every o: who regards the constitution of society must o! serve how God insured its continuance b a reliance upon those who are, of those wh come after them. Man at his birth is the most helplé of all living creatures, whether as the weakne: of his body or the feebleness of his intellect; and if! for this reason that God haa imparted those feelings t human nature which give play to all the noble im; and affections that he has planted in eur breasts T this be so generally ppeaking, that it is an obligatio resting on the individual to show kindness to a strange: how much more is it so in the domestic relations? Isnc the father of the family invested with the power of Goo so that he is a sovereign, command be obeyed, as he shoukl be? And if case, Pky is whether God has given him that pri that he may go abroad for pleasure, while others ai made to contribute to its gratification; the question whether God has distributed his power among men f such mean purposes? Certainly not. No doubt he has right to claim obedience; but at the same time isa Legge f which God intended him to fu fil—that he shall extend to those under his gw thority, and who are liable to be influenced him, every means by which they shall be enable also to fulfil the purpores of their being towards him wh created and who redeemed them—instruction where it necessary—example, «nd, after example, correctior Oh ! dearly beloved brethren, if Christian nts, an employers and masters were impressed with the dignit of their position, with a proper sense of the high tru: Previdence has deposited in their keeping, how woul the whole order of society begin to be renovated by thy practice of the primitive virtues !|—how would servants encouraged, being provided with the learning the truths of their holy religion the high and glorious privilege of such superiors to fu nish them with the means of enlarging their minds an becoming more and more grounded in the sare ities It would their religion. Instruction | how sad and lamentable the reflection which this subject awakens when I back upon my recent ex among those little ki doms, those aovereignties of a family, where six or eigt, white persons occupied the mansion, and wore surrot yy a large body of slaves, four and five and si Hundred constituting, one ‘great family, in whic the master was the sovereign, ith a pow immense for good or evil! I don’t pretend to say th. the responsibility of such a position is overlooked. for have boen delighted to perceive and find, in more one place, that the owner felt the responsibility of in position, that he had procured the services of a clerg: man, that instruction from day to day was among those who were dark in their spirit as 4 2 ei complexion, and incapable almost of und. dering thele instruction ‘a most Gncunging’ Me Nevertheless, God knows their position, and dovs not hol them responsible for the neglect of opportunities the have never had. Seized in their own country—wher -they lived in ignorance of God—and transported from it pei lee jeer is the privilege of the master who in tha posi t introduce them to ledge Fel aay te redeemed oreatarus oF ect cmgel heavenly Fat While we all know that this c abet a yet it is not an absolute n mitigated evil; even if it were mor one ae ant it ‘eta ot 3 better than th:

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