The New York Herald Newspaper, March 17, 1854, Page 7

ST. PATRICK'S DAY. TRA Re Preparations for its Celebration. To-day being the festival of Ireland's patron saint, the fons of the Emerald Tslo in this-eity, and infact all’ over the world, wherever a sufficient number of them are gathered together, will celebrate it; im zccordance with + their usual custom, St. George’s day is among the English, St. David's among the Welsh, St. Andrew’s among the Scoteh, or as the 92d of Tcbruary, the birthday: of ‘the immortal Washington, is among all true citizens of our own favor- ed land. It isthe commemoration of Ireland’s conver- Itis the same among the Irish as Bion from. idolatry to Christianity—the most important | ‘event in the history of that country—and it 1s but right” Chat ie ahould be" cclebrated by all the natives of that aS a great festival. St. Patrick was one of. the first and the most successful missionaries eversentamong the Irish, His birthplace is involved in obseurity, some historians giving that honor to Brittany, in Franee, and others asserting that he was born at Kirk- patrick, near Dumbarton, Scotland, on the Ist of April, | 373. We may state, however, that the prevailing belief mong antiquarians {s that ho was a Scotchman. However that may be, there is no doubt with regrd to the-fact of ‘his being one of the most zealous and successful apostles of Christianity that ever lived. His life, like the lives of the patron saints of many otliér countries, has been made pretty free with by many of his ignorant but ar- | dent admirers, and we think he would be somewhat sur- prised, if he could be awakened from his long sleep to Thoar tasiy of the marvellous stories which are related of Thin, . With thése, however, we have nothing to do; the | legends which are told of hind only serve to prove the stained for his great reverence and love which aré éfiters \ which exempted hia veascl.and other stoamers from the formality of. manifest ‘memory. | G@ONSUL ROBERTSON TO THY ‘SECRETARY OF STATE. Cone ciate or Tem Usrrep Sratrs, ‘Havana, March 8, 1854. £m—Ry the United States steamer Corwin, which I ispatehed to Charleston on the Ist instant, concei that the im; nieate justified that course, Tad by the custom house autho fie: ther , with the consent ant ee of the intelligence I had to commu- here, apparently, or ra- ‘approbation ofthe supremeauthority of ihe isiand, of the cargo on board thesteamcr Pluck Warrior, of New York, aud of the at- ve tempt'to lay a Very heavy fine wy oa, which Ancis tatd to. be double in amount to the the captain of the value of the éargo—all ‘this under the pretence of his haying mace a false entry, to wit: that he stated his ah ; to be Tn hallagt, When she hadcottonon board in transity, 1 feel it to be my duty to case, to correct any errors ted in my despatch before mentioned, numbere: The steamer Was bg cag i bere from Mobile, on her way to New York, on Co., her consignees, on the day before, (25th, Saturday entered and cleared hai ip at the ofreumistaness of the atI may have SoeaEies: ¢ 2th ultino, Messrs, Tyng & ) r in ballast. is has been cus- Aowary for steamers of the Law and Beitish mail lines. Tam infoymed that the Plick Warrfor has boon entered and cleared in ballast siuce she commonced io ran, now about nincteen months past, month, without any objec | house authorities, tion on the part of the custom who cannot plead ignorance of the fact, for immediately thet a steamer drops her anchor two custom house guards, and ay uulimited number of | policemen, public watch every passenger or tempt has ever been made, and secret, were placeton board to g age on the ship. No at- that I am aware of, to conceal the cargo. Furthermore, the captain of the Black War- rior on arrival, severa} York or Me has been in the habit to ‘to the au‘horities, numbers of the public journals of New fobflé, of the latest dates, which contained the advertisement of the Black Werrior’s being about to sail on sach a (rice ra, ‘the cargo she carried for her | portof destination. The ship arrived: here on tho morning of the 28th. The captain delivered his manifest in st, as had been Bt. Patrick, we say, was born, according to the most | ‘Yeliable accounts, in Scotland, and his name signified that he was of a noble or patrician family. Whena boy hhe was captured and held ina state of bondage in Ire- Yond for about six years, during which time he was tho slave of an Irish chief called Milcho. Having, at the end of this period contrived the means of escape from his servitude, he returned home, and it was about two years after this, the chronicle informs us, that he conceived the design of converting Ircland. It was, how- ever, thirty-five years before he could carry this design. into execution. The whole of that tim: ‘Was spent in the most unremitted preparation and train- ing for his great mission, under his mother’s uncle, St. Martin, Bishop of Tours, by whom he was ordained dea- con. He was afterwards admitted to the order of priest- hood by St. German, and was finally consecrated bishop by the Pope. Soon after he set out for Ireland, where he Jandedin 431, on the coast of Wicklow, an1 immediately commenced preaching the doctrines of Christianity. His first success was the conversion of Sinell, a powerful chieftain, which was followed by that of a large number of others. He met, however, with great opposition in his course through the island, the Druids having roused against him the animosity of the majority of the people. Itis related of him that, finding it difficult to make his hearers believe in the Trinity, he Mllustrated the doctrine by exhibiting the well-known tre-foil called the shamrock, which he had plucked from the green sward for the pur- pose. This convinced the skeptical, and it has been worn ever since. by Irishmen on the national festival in com- memoration of the incident. Itisenough to say here that St. Patrick succeeded in conyerting the whole {sland in the comparatively brief period of thirteen years, and dicd at the remarkable age of One hundred and twenty. Great preparations have been made by the various Irish socioties to celebrate @jiyir national festival. There will be 8 procession of the military, who will form on East Broadway at 10 0’clock this morning, under com- mand of Col. B. Ferris. The company of Light Artillery will parade under com- ‘mand of. Coptain Hogan ; the Cavalry under Captains Kennedy 'and Neely. The 9th, 69th and 72d Regiments will be out in force. The Emmet Guard, Irish American Guard, Shiclds Guard, Carroll Guard, Irish Rifles, and the Jackson Horse Guards, will join in the line of march. The following is the programme of the procession drawn up for the:civic and trade societies. The place of meeting | is in Second avenue, the right resting on Tenth avenue:— The Shamrock Benevolent Society, in Tenth street;“west of d avenue. Hibernian Universal Benevolent Socioty, in Tenth street, east of Second avenue. Irish American Benevolent Society, in Ninth stroct, west o Second avenue. Hibernian Benevolent. Burial Society, in Ninth street, east Second avenue. Hibernian Benevolent Society, in Eighth street, west of avenue. Quarrymen’s Union Protective Society, in Eighth street, Laborers’ Union Souevolent Soclety, in Seventh street, ini q west of Second avenue. i Ancient Order of Hibernians, in Seventh streot, east of Second wvenue. Father Matthew United Benevolent Total Abstinence Soci- ety, in Sixth street, west of Second avenue. Bogevolent ,in Sixth street, east of avenue. York Benevolent Society of Operative Masons, in meatier Lac of second even Cas ub, on “4 a om G Oelock precisely, throw . The ior move at 9 0’c! 4 scale ry, thence to Grand piety ‘themes Fast Broadway, to unite with the military, thence nvenay Keath street, entering through the east gate of the Park to be viewed by his Honor the Mayor and Common Council, way, through Broadway thence to to Fourteenth street, to Third avenue, Bowery to Prince | atreet, and then dismiss. ‘The Friendly Scns of St. Patrick will celebrate the day by a dinner at the Astor House, and the Young Friends of Ireland will wind up the day with o supper and ball. ii fi i i & * The Burning of the bc ead Caroline on White iver. REPORTED LOSS OF FORTY LIVES. ‘The steamer Caroline was destroyed fire on White River, about ten miles from the Mississippi, on the 6th inst., by which painful accident about forty lives are re- irted to have bape wi ro} of the Memphis Appeal:— was a stern wheel boat, a regular packet River, Ark., trade, and had about twenty miles on last Sunday ‘when abont two o’clock in the afternoon the boat cal firein the wood pile near the boilers. John R. ‘the pilot at the wheel, ran the boat for the shore, which was ovorflown by high water, when some fifteen to escape; but overcrowding the yawl, sank, and every one hed. The flames rap! the boat, which was soon entirely consumed. Captain A. J. Folger gives the following account of such of the crew and passengers as, in the cxcitement of the occasion, were known to be saved, lost or missing: —OM- cers and crew sayei—Capt. Fol john Walker, mato; Chas. engineers; William Ew- ing, barkeeper; R. Pittmann, and Hildebran, firemen. ‘Lost officers and crew—John K. Price and James Creigh- Sony Pilate; Louis Pollock, assistant barke ; eight ‘nd firemen out of ten, bronght by the Captain There fed board, almost all were ma: passengers on of whom ‘were lowt. The ipal sufferers were women and children, who, not being able td get about with the same alacrity as the men, perished cither in the flames or in the water. ‘The names of such known to be lost are: wife and child of J. Haskins, Marshall county, Miss.; four children of 8. McMullen, Madison Regs: Tenn.; Mr. Smith, wife, and young Iady with them; Mrs. Haley and three chil dren, Tippah county, Miss.; John Horton, wife and two . Madison county. Tenv.; Mr. Parrel, 3 Mr. Martin, 4o:; Miss Susana E. Pool, do.: son of Mr. Hin- shaw, de; Mr. ——, Shelby county, son-in-law to Mr. Wortham; Mrs. ——, sister to above, widow, and thirteen children; —, sister to above. Those cabin passengers who went forward on to the forecastie were saved; of these were inissing, however, Mr. Harshaw, of Clarendon, Ark., aud Goorge Jones, clerk of the house of Poole & Co., Jackson; ort. uit $5,000 of money in the safe belonging not one dollar of which was savel. Mr. —— board, lost between $3,000 ‘The remains of Mr. Wilbank, who had died a few days at the Commereial Hotel, Momphis, wore on and lost. A package of money belonging to Mr. Wilbank, which was being sen} home to his wife, was in the safe, and econseq: Tost with the balance. The bull burnt to the Water's edgo, broke in two and BURR as sents at piraemn effor of ers, extimated at $150,000, Tne boat was insured at Memphis for $6,000. Her cost last summer was $12,000. Ancaprsnor Hrcars ror tik ANNEXATION or Ovna.—We have seen a private letter, says the Washing- ton Star, from a gentleman in whose representations we reason to place implicit vonfidence. He saye—In regard to Caba, tell our friends that Arch- will probably do his best to direct the im the United States towards its acqui- H por Went from Havana to Kew Qrieass ther, many conversations on the subject. He sa; the condition of things there cannot cxist; that aa tho incapacity of the government to alminister the island increases, impositions and restrictions are imposed, and that nothing but the degradation and imbecility of tho Creole tien prevent ‘them from shaking off their ke, 1e sald that he thought they were a vise Secane all interference with ‘atleted a . His 8, has awakened him from his I have no doubt that he earnest desires its annexation, and his great fi fl ill tell PP the result with powerful effeat.”” oa A Covrt-Mantiat on Dr. Sreiver, U. 8, A— ‘The War has ordered s court martial w Josephus M. Steiner, U.S A., for Mill. ‘Arnold, not’ lo N Ge "They are to nsserable ti Austin, Reena Pees res tee ice all vacated fta win- ter on Tith inst, in tho crock. Bo. the har. bor lseclear. The ice in the lake around is rapidly break- ing up, and will oon be on the more. Ske the following account | r, master; Samuel | | but as a friend; that I was expecting the steamer | customary. He assures me that he had always been under-the impression that a special concession existed thinks tl their cargo in transitu; he the owners of tho ship entervain the same belief. On the same day, (28th,) at about twelve o'clock Mr. sent his clerk fo the custom house for the des- j atch of the stoamer, to take the same to tho Captain of | the Port, rocure the to it was: seluned to hi pasa for hot to leave the port; e jim, and he was informed that the ship was stopped by order of superior authority of the Royal Exchequer. Upon this Mr. Tyng, with the captain, came to my office and informed me of the state of the see, Whilst the the latter withme tis interview waa ¢ umstances of t! t former was entering a protest, I took tothe Captain-General. The object of | to lay before his Excellency all tho | he ease, and particularly to show that bad not been, on’ the part of Captain Bullock, © any one concerned in, the ship, the loast intention of | olating any law of Spain or rogulatioa of the port. Hla | Excellency courteously listened to me, and replied that no roport had been made to him on the subject; he also ro- commended that I should give him my statemeat in a memorial or official communication. to my office. and prepared my letter to the Cap- -General. Of this letter, in my anxiety to bring the T immediately re- afiair toa satisfactory sottlement without delay, I kept no copy, whith I regret. In the meantime, Mr. Tyag went to.the custom house, finding,that the cause of the difficulty was the omission of the cargo én transite in the manifest, and thinking that aa tho twelve hours allowed | 1a! by law te amond manifests had not elapsed, and that by making theamendment the difliculty would be termina’ he appl fifteen minutes or half an hour, he would be prey = ‘the correct manifest. The Collector rep! it to the Collector, stating that, in the course of — red to d that. could not, and should not, be admitted, because he had already applied for the vossel’s despatch, or somothing to this offect. It is true that Mr. had applied for the despatch; but it may be well to bear in mind that it was- not given; and itis steamer could be considered aa cleared, in e| question, in my opinion, whether the fect, so faras the clearance on the 25th, before she had arrived. regards I deem it informal. formed that the cargo was cont to the custom house regulations, In fined, act the afternoon of the same day, gang of men were sent alongs! ischarge of the cargo; but finding the Mr. Tyne was at the same time in- seated, and the captain .( have been informed,) a le the anit commence t the eaptain and pureer were on shore, the oporation was deferred ua- til the next morning, when they again ap) officer at the head the delivery of the cargo, w ared, and the of the varty demanded of the captain ‘hich Capt. Bullock declined, remarking’to the officer that if he took by force, as he must do, one single bale of the carge, would instantly he (the captain) an au} down his colors, abandon his ship to them. This seemed to make the officer hesitate. He suspended his operation and came on shore—no doubt tolay the facts before his superiors, and receive their di ns. He soon returned on board, opened the hatches, and commenced the discharge ; whereupon, Capt. Bullock hauled down his flag, and, with his officers and crew, abandoned tle veasel to the 1¢ Spanish authorities On the evening of the 28th I receive: General’s reply to my letter, which was far from satis- d the Captain: factory. A copy and translation of the samo wore trans- mitted to you steamer Corwin. On the 1; commuuication to communication, as well as the same officer; also that of Mr. Tyng’s reply. | you will likewise en eoee. of tho letter I received last from the \ereto. evenit reply on the first: that This th my communication, No, 34, sent per at about 12 o'clock, the Collector wrote a | Mr yng. Tend you a copy of ‘this of @ second letter from Tat teof the treasury, and of my Talso accompany a copy of the printed | regulations which are handed to all captains of vessels visit from the castom house officers. I have omitted tosay that Iam Informed that ti gulations comnowity manifest the quantity she re- steamers require that they shail of coal they have on board, but in no instance has this law been complied with. vt unobservance of the laws by the autho- ritles Ives has rendered them obsolete, and there- fore inapplicable. Tama fringing the law, nues, th assured that a law proscribes that, is clearly shown that there has becn no intention of partics shall not be deem inion it is simply ridiculous to suppose for an instant at the captain of tho Black Warrior had any intention when it her Majesty's reve- or of defraudi: od culpable. In my to do otherwise than conform to all established reza- lations. Although I had written to the Inten‘entz last evon- ing, declining the request that I should appoint a to take an account of the ca day, deli sanction on the ings, mark led to that course by the idea that tl dente’s olfect was to present at least the ron lod to- mien- mblance of a rt of this consulate to their proceed- proposed to be ls I, nevertheless, called upon him this morning, re- ing, by way of introduction, that I presonted myself not only in the character of consul or commercial agent, hila- delphia to-day, and I was anxious to communicate to | my government the true relation of the facts on both sides, that my government might be pre | the many demands uponit for in ties interested in ¢ red to meet muity by innocent par- he cargo; that I did not come to solicit that his governmont should alter its position, however desirous I might be to aid in preserving good | between the two governments, but to obtain facts. This led to a discussion. relations two wrongs made a right; that it might have bean to Lave entered and c] the captain, through his consignee, had attempted to cor- rect the error withi permitted; that thi the authorities well-known, practice of entering last when she had cai they could not dispos the legal time, and ho had not been Audded to the Long-contin ed, and by on the iven me much pain that the mat- d satisfactorily and amicably, a! it sive that this affair might crenie great agitation and difficul- ty, from the circuinstance of there being so many parties idterested who had nothi to the To all this the Int ee). hatever to do with said that he rogretted that he had not seen me before; that, as the matter stood, he Gid not know what to do, but he would examine carefully | to bring it to @ satisfactory termination, this eifect. % into it, and or something But, in the meat ntime, the ship has been, by order of the authorities, hauled to one of the wharves and some of the cargo taken it is intended to proceed with the diseba Tn my despatch (No. 34) I stated that out. There is every appearance that ‘tho British mail line have also been in the habit of entering and clearing in ballast when they had cargo on board. word, Mr. the Pritish Consul, has assured me to-day that such is not the case. Some of the officers, Warrior are on board ton; the transient on shore. 1 beg of you to consider and all ft the crow, of the Black of the United States steamer Ful- Passengers, fourteen in number, aro anxiety to lay before you ™y all the circumstances that. fey ‘bring to mind in regard to this unfortunate affair asa seMficient apology for the length of this despatch. There aro three or four other American yeasola in dim- culty here at resent; but Ido not consider thoir cases of such importer as to require that I shall trouble you with them until lean ascertain the result, and whether this has not been in conformity to law. Thaye the honor to be, sir, with great roapect, your vary obedient servant, WM. H. ROBERTSON, Actis Consul. [From the Washington Union, March 16.) The last arrival from Havana puts us in possession of a copy of the Havana Garelte, which contains a decree {3- sued on the 6th inat., that seems to us to strip the trans- action of sll doubt is a8 followr— Haran. Dy deereo of the superior tribunal havi the finances, of the ty the M. observ ments or additio otend to in any eense whatever, in the int or obligation of the effects which thoy im these have he gonted to tl otive cust 8, shall con in force, a 1 its scope; and by order of the M. terdant General of General which consi, as to its trae character, That dee A, March 6, 1354. tho control of of last month, ordered to be carried Superintendent Delogats on tho ft was ordered that tho probi arsto admit the alterations, St Tn the army finenecs of this depart- id went, I communicate the same to the moreantile world fur the general understanding, and in order that no one may al- loge ignorat A rator Gonoral: JOAQUIN ROCA DE TOGORAS, It will be remembered that the seizure of the Black Warrior occurred onthe 28th of February. It will be re- membered, also, that when the manifest of the steamer yas objected to beeanse the cotton on board foNew York was not. embraced, th avail himself of the law Wich gave kine twel setoed for am sllags4. veletton sed fOr an a ro om TOn tise of the revenue lawa. law mal now &i of Fel ry the tion of errors in | thorn but the deere 6th of March—six days after the seizure of . No nottec, as far aa we can learn, had Woon site ne posed to ve hours to was refused, aud the Mag it that on the 23d for the correc- by the Cuban au- not made publit until the This ‘Mer ve hours been given to our Consul at Havana, or to the agenta or officers of the ves- sel, that the Iaw had been changing of the law, and without | was enforeed agninst the Black ilies. 0 pattie ublicity, it arr ad five Rays afterwards the decree is made public. These facta ox, hibit the transaction in the character of a outrage, and they upon the public m will not fail to make their im; itated pression ind. Forrraxn Consvi.—The President hag ey nae pe Oe Consul-General of the = in the United States, to reside in Now youof the seizure | making two trips por | Enclosed I remarked that I could not seo how | wrong red the ship in ballast; but that | in transitu, I did not see how | ut themselves in the right; still, that I was to contest the law points bearii case, but that it had ter had not been set! should have been; and finally, that I was apprel j Unlied States District Court, Before Hon. Judge Ingersoll. CHARG® OF MUTINY.AND REVOLT ON BOARD THE SHIP DEFIANCE, [8 THR HARPOR OF CALI. A0. The Uniled States aginst Fiomas Smith, Robert Rogers j William Watker an Charles Ludwig. ‘ SEOOND Day, ‘Manon 16.—Mr. MeKeon opened the caso for the de- fence, stating their theory to be that the case shown. by the government was one of entire fabrication; that so far from the seamen having mutinied withous provocation, » they had geted properly and loyally; but the eaptain, on 4 prt iee aad fovards them wilt the greatest bru- f em aslo: jot, sabre, &e., besides togfuftng them in hs cabin wit aa inferaal machino, . McKeon then cal meon A. Chapman, Tsaac , Rod, Gabriel and Willig Hamilton, at of jyhom werd Swplicated in the sanie cliarge of mutinous conduct, 4 _ THE NEBRASKA QUESTION IN OLD TAM MANY RAR An GRAND DEMONSTRATION LAST EVENING, BARA rns MR. DOUGLAS’ BILL SUSTAINED, Strong Resolutions--Eloquent Speeches, &.,, &., &e, The bannera of Tammany Hall were bung on the out- ward wall last night. One of the most spirited meetings of the season was holden, under the call of the Tammany but who ad been kept in attendance (with the exception of Isaae Rod) as witnesses. In many points the evidence of Chapman, King and Rod conflicted with that ved, by the prosecution; but upon cross-examination . , ton testified to an entirely different state of thi and in corroboration of the government witnesses. it ap- peared by his evidence that Smith stabbed the second mate; that €mith mentioned openly his regret at the act, because it might hurt the plan they had to, which was, that at night they were to rush on deck, kill all the officers, proclaim Smith captain, and carry the ship off. | Torebut the tostimony of Chapman, Mr. Ridgway, the | Asssitant District Attorney, was called, and testified that the written statement which he held in his hand, signed by Chapman, was handed to the witness at an early stage of the case, and that Chapman then and several tim terwards, alone and in the company of others, acknow- , ledged that the statement was vente Heri pare and it | had been mace by him freely and voluntarily, which was the reason he (Mr. Ridgway) caused Chapman to be retained to appear in the cause. The statement was then read, which contradicted Chapman's evidence, and was | corroborative of Hamilton’s cross-examination. | ‘The testimony being closed, Mr. McKeon proposed to , Submit the case without argument. Mr. Dunning do- sired to say but a few words. Mr. McKeon then summed * up to the jury at considerable loagth, commenting upon , the character of the witnesses oifered by the govern- ment with Groat severity, and charging the public prose- | eutor with being the pald counsel of Capt. McCerren. Mr. Dunning interrupting the counsel, indignantly de- nied the falsehood, At the close of Mr. McKeon’s remarks, Mr. Dunuing proceeded to close the case for the government, stating that the counsel had anticipated that he would follow the same conrse.adopted by the: defence, by retortinz the attacks made upon him and his witnesses by the | efinsel for defence; but he wold not indulge in vita peration, and personal unwarrantable attacks. It now | being late, the court adjourned to the 16th. Maxkcn 16.—Mr, Dunning resume hia «umm nz up and closed at 121 o'clock, when Honor the Jutze charged the jury at considerable h. In the eourie of his charge, he took occasion that the act of | Congress upon which this indictment is framed, not only punishes seamen for their misconduct, but ‘visits an equal degree of fine and imprisonment upon all masters and officers of vessels who abuse their sailors. The courts are equaliy free to both. It has been claimed by the defence, that the government has pursned this case | improperly. The contrary of thnt ia truc. Blame hrs bean imputed for the introduction upon the stand of the assistant attorney, but I must say that such course was | highly proper and necessary. The question docs not pro- | perly come up whether the officers of the ship wero in fault, but whether the defendants are guilty of the crime id to their charge. If you beliove Hamilton, then | you must bo satisfied that the offence has beon made out. Tigre,da nothing in the testimoay. to fmpeir bis-evidence, while it.does appear that Chapman made contradictory | statements. | The jay, retired, and in about one hour returned with a verdict of guilty only against Thomas Smith, on the ; second count. Sentence deferred. Marca 16.—The Post Office caeey Case.—The case of | Theodore A. Rossie, charged with Post Office robberies, was, after a motion to postpone, which was resisted by Mr. Dunning, set down for trial on Monday next. B a Manon 16.—The Recent Canadian Forgeries.—Daniol Yan Aernam, charged with extensive bank forgeries in Canada, and’ held by one of the Police Justices to answer | the complaint, was arrested under the Ashburton treaty, | on the requisition of the British authorities. An exam nation wes commenced before Mr. Commissioner Morton and adjourned, butas the particulars have already ap- peared in the Police intelligence, it will be unnecossary to recapitulate it. Supreme Court. Before the Hon. Judge Clorke. Mancu 16,—Habeas Corpus.—A writ of habeas corpus was issued to Diannoh Jasper, of Mulberry street, to bring up the body of Anna Sophia Cheeseman. The parties in this case are colored people; the girl is claimed by her mother from the defendant, who she alleges has petmit- ted:her daughter, an interesting mulatto about'sixteen yeare of ago, to frequent places of bad repute. The hear- of the case was journed to Saturday, the Judge having expressed his determination to rescue the girl from scenes of prostitution, unless it was proved that he | had no power to take her from the defendant. Supreme Court—Circuit. Before Hon. Judge Mitchell. THE HEAVIEST VERDICT YET. Marca 16,—Baily, Brothers, @ Co., against the Wert- ern Vermont Railroad Company.—The plaintiffs in this case are English merchants, and sue the defendants on a contract made with the latter by Raymond & Fullert 0 the agents of plaintiffs, for the value of n quantity of ‘ railroadiron. It by the written contract road in court that the ‘to. imnamlt thek tons =e vith 6600 sens of ei ma pon peer ivered in specificd monthly quantities, at $95 per toa, the defendants {fo pay, in acditign to.that gum the duty charged by ihe Custom House in New Yors. The iron was vered, but not according to the month: ly quantities agreed upon, and certain ions of it were © recelved by the detenante untae meee t, and thes refu amount 01 ly a upon. The defendants’ Counsel moved for a nonsuit, which the court ; denied. The defendants did not go into any evilence | and the court held that as there was no damage provel | to have occurred to the defendants in consequence of the | alleged irregular delivery of the iron, the plaintiffs were | entitled to a verdict. kit jury retarned a verdict for the plaintiffs, for $94,636 38. Justice’s Court. Hall Democratic Committee, as follows :— ‘TNE RIGHT OF THE PROPLE 10 SELF-GOVERNMENT. ‘DEMOCRATIC MASS MEETING AT TAMMANY HALL. The demoeratic republican electors of the city of New York, friendly'to the genoral and State admmnistrations and the usages of the party, and in favor of the ereat Boric enuneiated in the bill now before Congress ostablishing territorial governmonts for Nebraska ai Kansas, are requested to moet at Tammany Hall, in mass m , on Thursday evening, March 16, at 7% o'clock. | Bye area L. B. SHEPARD, ‘man. } ©. 8. Haswms, } Secretaries. Furly in the afternoon the Empire Clab gun was brought into the Park, and until half-past 7 it was engaged in making a series of resounding remarks on the question | at issue. A military band appeared on the balcony of | Tammany and at intervals played the national airs. A transparency in front of the balcony was motioed a3 | follows:— | 090 0000900900009000000000000009 0 Tus Rigitr or rue Pxorie 10 Seur-Govmnvaunye © | o ND Tax CONTROL oy THEIR OwN DoMETIO AFrALRS. ot @ No Nowri—No Souri—No East—No Wasr, 2 | a ‘Tux Coxeritutios oF x Couwrry 18 uy Guipan.— 9 WRANKLIN Pueror, ¢ | | YPsocooo occ oo DCO DD ODD O00000009| The interior of the hall was appropriately decorated, and over the speakers’ platform was a motto as fol- lows:— 02 0900090008000900000000000 09 ° WE GO WHERE DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLE? LEAD US—WHEN ° THEY DISAYPEAR WE MUST HALT. ©000000006000000900000000060% ‘The doors of the hall were thrown open, and it was im- | mediately Oiled with a very large audience; many per- sons went away. ‘The weather was very warm, andthe | audience by no means cool. The following despatch was received :— ‘Wasminatox, D.C., March 16, 1854, To E. F. Purpy, Esg.—Inteniing until the last momont | to have been with you, but prevented by public business in which New York interests are concerned, allow me, through this medium, to express my warmest sympathy | with-your movement in favor of the right of self-govern- | mont, and for the removal forever from the national arena—the Congress of the United States—the agitation of slavery. These principles will ultimately vindicate their-own truth; and in the mean time, all honor to the | democrats of New York for being the first to come to | their support. W. A. WALKER. At half-past seven Mr. Tuomas Duxtar appeared on | the platform and said:—, Fellow-Citizons 1 Lave been requested by the Nomi- nating Committee to present to you the mame of Elijah ¥. Purdy as President of this meeting. He's the old warhorse of the democracy. (Applause and ono or two hisses.) Mr. Purpy came forward, and addressed the audience | as follows:— Fellow-citizens—This is a proud night forme. You have honored me by selecting me to preside over your deliberations, for which Ttender you my most sincere thanks, The object for which we have met, the source from Which it emanated, and the respectability of the a have { meeting—all, all tend to make the compliment yo paid me dearly and truly interesting; and I. tell: ‘you sin- cerely I. thank you for the complimeat. Tam aware, my kind and indulgent friends, that those are remarks that are usually made when compliments of this kind ave tendered and favors granted; but with mo, when fam thus complimented by the democracy within these sacred walls—consecrated to Nberty and equality and the tried ciples of the democratic party—I feel sincerely that it isa compliment. We have mot under circumstances of a peculiar character, not for the establishment of any new principle. The right of self-government is an inher- ent right, cntecedent to the formation of any govern- ment or the framing of any compromise. We must plant | ourselves right pen the record; we mean to extoad to | every section of this gountry a perfect equality, so far as | regards the formation of their government. We stand i} wi we have always stood; we have nover departed | from these landmarks and never shall; and thus deter- mined, we go where democratic principles go, ea when | thewe les stop we mean to halt. | | | ~ d Vern Tasseaheces. fo: the Black Warciez. Mr. Peany—We will vindicate our rights at the can- | non’s mouth, if necessary, if they are infringed: ther, | in the words of Andrew Jackson, ‘we mist fight.” My friends, the question now before us is, are the peonle capable of framing their own form of government ? We say theyare. (Cries of “We are !”) ‘They charge us with attempting to overturn a bargain made twonty | years ago; but had the people then a right to make a bar- | gain for us now? We are @ progressive people. We have redressed many abusos, and we will do so with others. We will democratise the world, for the inhabi. tants of every clime are our brotly ‘The framers of this bill have been s<sailed—so was Jackson when he warred against the United States Bank, and other evils, which threatened the country; but the people will stand | by their faithful public servants. (Applauze.) 1 did w Before Judge Aymar. | Maxcu 16.—Francis Butler against The Farmers’ and | Citizens’ Bank.—This was an action brought by the com- | plainant to recover one hundred dollars from this corpo- tion. The facts of the case elicited before the jury, for the plaintiff, were these: That a clerk of the piaintiit’s, named James Cable, was sent to the above bank, whore there was an account kept by him; that he preconted a check for'$500, saying his employer wished him to take | upanotoat the National Bank, New York. The teller } counted the required sum in $190 bills, but gave the clerk only four; and upon his counting them and telli the paying teller how he had mado a mistake, he was tol | that there had been delivered to him the sum required by the check. The clerk repeated that he had only received | | $400, and finelly left the premises, leaving both the check | and money behind him. For the (lefence, it was sought | to be proved that the clerk mus! i | and that the teller had always been very caroful in de- | livering cash for checks. The jury, in this case, rendered | a verdict of $100 for the plaintiff’. i Se ee ae ee | . Axorner Crotoner IN THe MAssacnuserrs | Mare Law.—In the House of Representatives, yesterday, | an order was submitted and adopted, calling for « special committe— - To inquire into the facts of the case of Thomas Adams, Esq., Sheriff of Norfolk, alleged to be under arrest for be ing i poxposres en the payors of Pa dutios | of his office, with power to send for peraons and papers. | Also, that the said committe be directed, in case the Fact ! in their opinions should require it, to report on the mode | and measures of redreas due from the government to that | officer, and as such alteration in the existing liquor laws | as will bring it into conformity with the Constitution of the state and the United States, and the rights and privi- legen and general laws of the people of this Com:mon- wealth. Mr. Adams, being Sheriff of Norfolk, sold some liquor at auction,—such being his duty Fa Treat of office But the Maine Law, in its wisdom, made his duty an oifence and punishable !—another instance of the bliad and incon- siderate manner in which that irrational enactment was patched up. } ‘Theatres and Exhibitio: Bowkry Thka7Kk.—This establishment is visited every night by large assemblages, who seem to be delichtet with the dramatic performances of Mrs. T. S. Hamblin and Messrs, Edy and Scott. The pieces selected for thi; evening, are the plays of the “Stranger”? aul “Pizarro.” In the former Mire. Homblin and Mr. Eldy appoar a4 Mr and Mrs. Haller, and in the latter Mc. J. R. Szotta Rolla. Broapway TieatRe.—This house is crowded every evening by the admirers of Mr. Forrest. He appears to night in Shakspeare’s tragedy of “King Lear.’ He will be assisted by Conway 1 sri Pope as Flimund, Laner- ganas Duke of Corm |, Mad. Ponisi as Cordelia, Mes. Abbott as Goneril, and Mrs. Warren as Regan.’ ‘The amusements close with “My Young Wife.’? Berroy’s TuzaTRe.—The very success! «] comedy entitled “Midsummer Night’s Dream,’’ is announce again for this ovening. ‘The cast of characters embrace all tho we artists atiached to the theatre, The eoaclading Peetirinaaoe will be the farce of “John Jones.’? The or- chestral music is very good, and the performances gene- rally afford the vistiers great pleasure. Nanionat Timatne.— ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin,’ is announced for this evening, being the 257th representation, and from all appearances it will be continued for the entire year. Anew and beautiful panoramic painting is nearly completed, and no doubt it will be an additional attrac- tion to this picee. Wauscn’s Trmae—Tits neat and well managed theatre ia largely patronized. The selections which Manager Wallack offers for this evening cannot fail to draw a i house. amusements commence with the comedietta of ‘A Good Fellow,” and they will ter- minate with Congreve’s comedy of ‘Love for Love.” ‘The orchestra will play several overtures. AmERICAN Mcskum.—The same attractive bill is an- nounced for this afternoon at the Museum. The ‘Old Brewery’ will be given in the evening, with Mr. C. W. Clarke as Alfred Grant, Mr. Daly as igh Huatley, Mr. Hadaway as Sam Nubbles, and Miss Mestayer as Lucy Grayson. BROADWAY MENAGERIS.—This establishment continues to be well patronized. Camery’s Mixstrers announce the concert ala Jullien for this evening, in conjunction with singing, dancing and witticisms. Woon’s Mixstaris continue at 444 Broadway. Their entertainments are well patronized. Buoxixy’s Senenapers.—This popular band advertise an attractive selection of negro performances for this evening. Camvamn’s Mineramis are still at the St. Nicholas Ex- hibition Broadway. Prov. Hanr’s Extmx Wortp is drawing well at 377 Broadway. Every one shouid seo it. Sraxor Burt is attracting full audienges to Brook- lyn batheteerey agate unre te | got Caba to take yet.?? not intend tomake a speech; bud assure you, my fclondy that this isan expression that will go forth ‘to the world —that cannot be mistaken. It is a mecting of the demo. cracy of thecity of New York, and you will be addressed | by the Old Guard; and_you will be addressed by no dis- tinguished speakers. We are all plain, practical men. Oh! look at that banner ! ‘This exclamation was caused by the entrance or a ban- ner bearing the following inscription :-— ©20005069000990500090009599090 é 2 | © THE RIGHT TO SELF-GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE OF THE 0 ° TERRITORIES OF NEBRASKA AND KANSAS, oO} °o o €0000000000900000000009090900 gecoecoecceeaooece le cooools ° 0 WE ACUKPT THE BILL WITHOUT THE AMENDMENT OF BENA- 0 ° TOR CLAYTON OR ANY OTHER WHIG ABOLITIONIST. ° Becoccccccccoccsoecesccsges A Voice—Fetch it up here, boys. Mr. Puxpy—My friends, I again return my thanks in the sincerity of my heart, and am now ready to goon with the proceedings of the meeting. Mr. Kxxxxvy came forwar@to read the: list of Vico- President. While he was engaged in this duty, there was a fight on the floor, and a grand rush by the crowd. Capt. Rynders told the andience to keep still, and not to make so much fuss about a ltile fightlike that. ‘We'll have (said he) plenty of them before we get through. We've ‘The list of officers was now filled as follows:— Presient—ELIJAH F. PURDY. PRRIDENTS, Vien! 5 Ward 1—Joseph Towns, Jacob 8. Smith. 2A. B. Miller, A. D. Chancellor. 3—Thomas Bigelow, John M. Mimne. 4—Jacod F. Oakley, ‘Wm. Baird. 5—Francis R. Tillow, — Innos Coddington. G—James Flynn, P. Gerraghty. 7—Thos. Weodwarl, James Murphy. 8—R. T. Compton, Charles H. Ring. O—Wm. Quackenbush, 10—Henry Vandewater, 11—George Steers Isaac B. Smith. Henry Harrington. Johu Petit. 12—8, Benson MeGown, D. F. Tiemann. 18—Edward L. Donnelly, Peter Mitchell. 14—Joln Kelly, Joseph Haggerty. 15—Wm. J. Brown, Michael Cox. James Murray. Goo, W. Schuremaa. 0. 8. Hibbard. ; ‘Thomas H. Pierson. 20—William J. Peck, —W. Wallace Campbell, 21—John Kinsley, Jnnes B, Crowtord. 22—Col. Jas. C. Burnham, Dennis Root. 16—James Cassidy, 17—C. Bainbridge Smith, 18—Patrick MeElroy, 19—John L. Brown, SECRETARIES. Ward 1—Martin Cregan, Michael Murray. | 2—John C. Hays Thomas J. Rodgers. | 8—John Alfred Bailey, Charles Viti John H, Midner, 5—Dr. A. D. Wilson, ¢—James Glass, 7—Thomas A. Glover, &—John D. Betta, O—A. H. Wagner, 10—Norman McLeod, 11—Charles Noonan, 12—Thos. Veitch, 12—James C. Riley, George MeGann. Capt. Amos Comstock. Jaraes I. Mount. James. M. Glover. Charles MeVoy. Stephen Clark. 14—Thomas Stephens, Monahan. 16—John E. Ross, Jr.,. Elijah Fisher. 16—John Cochrane, Faward Riley. 17—Wm. Coulter, . 18—Thomas Erwin, John MeAuliff. Charles Sweeney, 19—8. M. Duro, E. 8. Percet!. 20—Thoa. W. Olmsted, John McClane. 21—Thomas MeKay, '° Nicholas Campbell. 22—D. D. Chatield, N. Seagrict. The Cuam announeed that the Hon. Fernando Wood would read the resolutions, A Vors—Here’s & Missourian that wants a chance. Vorces—No matter. “Order 1? “ordor |)? Mr. Woop then came forward and read the following | resolutions. The strong points in them were warmly applauded :— Wheroar, By the declaration of rights, of Octobor 1th, | 4: 1¢ war declared that the people of the sozoral cotonies and exelusive power of Jegislation in | cir several provinelal legislatures, In all cases of iaternal polity :”” And whereas, it is in the Declaration of A fundamental proposition | that governments de “their just powers from tl om of the governed,” and that th fo have a to institute, or abol- dati ch Brineip|es shall seem, volution was begun b; forefathers, and brought to. telum tormingtion after he exponditure of much blogd aed Wrearese, for the perposg | | and removes | ference to the people of Nebraska 9 | has a right to stipulate with the peopl | mentéand-agouts of tho of vindicat the le of self-government against those who de a (oe it: Lg And whereas, the United States of America and thirty- ow paparate State sovereigntios bave been organised under ia ted constitutional goveramcnts, recognising this priaci- ple either directly in ‘their several constitutions, or indi- rectly in their ssvoral f pee ent; and it has # Con forms 0 been incorporated in the acts ons organizing the Territories of Utah and New Mexico, with the most beneficial nd whereas, this principle fused into Amorican i sien and the ace i ‘alle: the Bistory af nations: pion! neds tyig’t wapeallsied share of material pros and political ied in fe Hat aaa ight, and ren tor ed our coantry an asylum for the o; dof every clime, which yields to them the protecti eof the most potent as Well a8 the most free of human governm ‘Ana whereas, this principle has been maratained in all the public acts of the democratic ropablican party from ths resolutions of 1798 to the Baltifore platform of 1852, and iy now held by the living exponents of democratic principles aa it was held by Jefferson, on, Jackson, aad others of our departed sages and patriot And whereas, mawareying. ad! e@ to this principle has constituted the peculiar glory of Tammany Hall, nad of all who claim to be members of the democratic ‘republican bills introduced into the Senate of the hing the territories of Nelraske ora hing the erritor! or ‘anni, pre: sent distinetly to the people of the United Status the iva Ha recogainod and adoptad, its, “the psopto thereof 40 form ant rorciats their damoatis in: of the United § way, subject only t constitution ‘And wh MT ay peered ns nd whereas, ie bas nm rom various ome of them profuasing bo bo democratic, and the mands that the democracy of thocity of New York give » distinot expression of their views upon it.— ietpevolveds That si most heart; to th 40) wo givoour approval to the provisions of she Regenetn ond Wanaae ellie wach. sesere the great briselple oFself-government, That tho capacity of ‘to govern themsel vey loos not d ‘That in the Ianguase z latform, we “piace our trast in tise intelligence, nd the dbcrimiuating justive of the Amori in tho Torritorica and in the Statos. ¢ doctrine of Congressional non intery not only ag right in itceld, bu its consequences. That {t is a doctring o direct tondency permanently to withdray tho Logislatures of tho several States tho question, Ww: must otherwise fra- ways assume & soetional and irritating stitut! of residence. Baltimore Ory Fondest cum poo; ‘That we a Sod aie : Gg md hae ro: 8 of t quently arise an, character, That it isa doctrine which commits the question of slavery t0 the people who are otly to be alfootsd by it, Sgning mou, who acitate Mistrivty, wud without tiag the pooply of No- from che bands 01 any intention or pi iraska and Kapans. 2 Resolved, That the right of the mine the question of stnicry for. themse brasks and Kansas Ja our judymont stands clay’ the ame ‘eencral legialate upon other ay hes yet proposed to ed Ly tro people under every Torritorial gove Cit would Leas wise for Congrogs to Torislats upou tho nt of child or mastorand approntico. as upon that of master and slave. That tic same general considera tions which induced the reforonce of the last moationed rela: tiomte the people of Utah and Now Moxico demand its ro. Kansas. That we ved that St. t- te to doter es in Ni No- © w rounds ag their relations, a righ deprecate the federal notion recoutty be admitted, that they shall obser: lating to their domobtic institutt sumption of permanent control by Congress, which ia outi republican aud dangerons, because it impaira the equality of those States which are rubjected to it, and because it vio~ lates the principle that the people shall govern. That, in the ifthe third resolve of the Baltimore platform, wo t thie federal government is one of limited powers, Lely from the constitution, and the grants of powet made therein ou:ht to be strictly eonstrued by all the depart- vernment, and that itis inexpe- Amgerous to exorcise doubtful constitutional dient and powers.” %. Resolved, That the substitution of an arbitrary googra- | dzmonts and p mof ths prin mile. That, ad con- pitieal line, in place of tho sound ridtic earts of the poople, is in direct viv! Popular governiment stated in the j stitution loving citizens and democrat to adhere faithfully, to that princtpi Inbors for its defence in proportion to tioniaty to overthrow it. That wo dissent entirely from the assertion that the Missonri compromise was ® oom act or agrecment between freedom and slavery. That ‘and to incroase our he constitution of the United States containg no warrant | for the doctrino that this a the Jurisdiction of tho pi of Consrest is elovatod above nt or future Congresses. That this act. like any other, must stand upon its eonstitntion- | ality, and upon the circumstances which roquire its conti nuanee, of which cirenmstencos Congress must judge.” That the democracy havo always denied tho power of one genera- fon to bind futuro generstions by acks beyond bhe revision of the latter; and tho conccasion of such a power would transfer tho destiatos of tho living to tho hands of the dead. 4. Resolved, That, we doprocate the interference of the clorgy in thoir ecclesiastical oxpacity, in our politionl affairs, whilst we concedoto them the fullest right to express their opinions in n goustitutional manner npon all subjects, We cannot but oxpress onr decided conviction that x protost “in the name of Almighty God, and in hia presence,” agai the People of Nebraska and Kansas governing thems 1 under the provisions of the constitution of the United States,and a ctatoment that the Nebraska biil exposes ua to “the righteous judgmonts of the Almighty,” aro calculated to impair the inluence of the sacred offico, and affect that respect for the clorgy which is so important an element in hristian community. 5. Resolved, That wa cordial. sels of the Pre: 4 respond to the wise coun nt of the United States, presented in his ge, founded upon the broad views ther in prasented by him of the wonderful growth of this Union, and of the Yast Trenoeaant which itis soon to attain; and we commend to the thoughtful gousideration of every patriot and democrat the exhortation that, “ass manifestly indi pensible condition of the perpetuation of the Union, and of the senlientiag of that magnificent national future adverted to, doos Stronger aad clearer upon citizens et the ‘0 cultivate + fratoraal ffectionate d conduct in rogard to other Seater, am varied interosts, insti- tntions, and mt and opint peetively characterize thom. Mutual forbearance, and non-interference ia our personal action i an enlarged exercise of the most liberal pria, in the publie d sof State with State, wh m lation or iu the « ud frateraity th ato that confid mere political on fo vast & Cale, survive. The following lettera were received by the committee:— LETTER FROM JOHN COCHRANE, THE SURVEYOR OF THE PORT, . New York, March 16, 1854. Get) EMES—T have received from you an invitation to attend and addzess.a mecting of the democracy of the city of Now York, to be held this evening at Tammany Hall, “40 respond’ to the great democratic truths of the right and daty of a State or Territory to frame their own form of government and control their own domestic afairs, as contained in the bill now before the Congress of the United States for the organization of the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas.” The circumstances which sar- round me render it expedient that I should decline your invitation to address the mecting. I should not, how- ever, refrain from an exposition of the opinions which have influenced my assent to the bill, the principles of which your meeting is intended to endorse; und for that purpore I shall avall myself of the occasion to address to you a few lines. The effect of the Passage of the bill for the organization of the Territories of Nebraska an? Kansas, as I under- stand it, will be the ratification of the princi intervention by Congress, in the domestic ailairs and in the polity of the people ‘of the Territories, It is very nerally conceed that the observance of thts principle hy Congress, in its legitimate intercourse with tlie Staves, is but the emblem of that general retpect in which an organized democratic law is held by our people. Ita vio- lation would be treason to the first fia of our gov- ernment, and the greed would be the signal for general resistance. I am unable to bef oie ng the argument which affirms the vitality of this truth in the States, and denies its existence in the Territories. Its application is plos of comity her in legis to perpotn y of which a could not long of non- to the peoples And so long as a State goverament and a Tersitoriel government afe. but the various designations of the of a People in the corresponiing stages ence, I shall adhere to the operative over the whole land, wherever the people are present, in their rights of poli- teal sovereignty And this principle does not noccssa- riily confit with constitutional law. Many publicists are inefined to the opinion that the federal constitation delegates to Congresy the power of confersing govern- ments on Territories. Were this unsound, civil disorder would prevail in the anomatuus spectacle of a creation of government by a power foreign to that in which ro- yores the right of eminent domaine. ditions, would be the nucleus of States; and annexation the only method of multiplying the federal Unioa. The just exercise of this power, is found in the enactment by the government of an authority to the occupants of the unorganized domains to institute a government over them; and when Congress have thus authorized the for- mation of a government the just power contemplated by the constitution to be vosted in them, over the Territo- ries, will have been exerted. From this point com- ences, properly, the action of the principle of non-inter- vention with the efforts of the people to govera them- selves. It seems to me that every instance of a departure from this principle has been attended by calamity. All efforts hy Congress to qualify or characterize Territorial consti- tutions have but produced the legitim: consequences of a disregard of organfe laws—tetmporary relief, and ever recurring disease. Questions of yital finportance to opts to he governed have been agitated and dis. cussed Without their represented participation, and in ‘hat have witnessed the suffocation of the theine by collateral issues, its contraction to party interests, and its degradation to a mere consideration of Ritical en politicians of various schools. ace a prolific progeny of compacts, finalities, and, ‘wes, tly labelled of their respective years, suspended in the ions) council house in memorial of periodicel cies on the righta of the people; an as confidently re- terved to as the Indian points to the goary scalps that empflasize his wigwam, in illustration of his hideous prowess, Jt woe the justly immortal John Hampden who in- s-ribed upon the standard he bore agniast tyranis the ious words, vertivia nulla retrormm—no step back- ‘The life of all compromises is the death of all prneiple, and Hampden signified. by an elegant lattaity, nis detestation of the treason. Ta ny Judgment, the best interests of a true democracy will be most eficiently verve by obedience to Jolia Hampton's motlo—no eon: womise. * Miho most strenuous advocates of the constitutional power of Congress to exclude slavery from the Territo- ties, ag earnestly deny its constitutional power to intro- duce it there; and yet the reinons iaconsistency is perpetuated by them, of devotion to a Missouri compro- miee, which uselessly enacted slavery out of the territo north of thirty-six degrees thirty minutes, from which nature had excinded it, and legalized it south of that line, where otherwise ft could not have extended. The tremulous apprehension of damage from a violated com- pact, which elills the country, is the abnormal action of a diseased system. It has been the false obligations of there same mi med compacts that have hopplod free Inbor, and compeltor' it, since 1820, to limits but just more enlarger tlfin those opened for the occapancy of slave labor, and in strict observance of the Congressional scale adopted for the adjustment of the numerical pro- portion of slave States to free States. T would remove these compromise manacles—restore the natural laws of social, commeretal, and agricaltural progross, and sot free labor a field for the repreasion of slavery, and the sap- port of freedom, all over a continent destined to teem with ita products. This, in my judgment, will be the war | only true solution of the problem of American slavery— the natural quiet contemplated by our institutions and required by the people. Then will it be impossible that sectional strife shall prescribe diferent geographical hali- tations for opposite principies, to the compromise of both; for then will be witnessed their peaceful encounter, and the consequent abandonment by the slaveholter of a species of labor become unprofitable by contact with free labor. It is recommended to the tion binds all nations and i tervention with the gym institu and independent States; and wi I fonse that an obtira- wt States to os tions of other ile we should rosist all qforts by European powers to control, or aifect, the ga ple of | we ere determined | the attempts of aboli- | Filibustering expe- | | tional systems of cis-Atlantic 4 powers, we should equal; oppose all and every iniorference by ‘our own fodoral vd v or by the States themsclves, with the civil af- fairs of the several States, or with those of the people of the Territories, essentially identified with the franchises and the adi ‘ation of arepublicon form of govern- ment. But while the right an’ power of the people to govern themselves, whenever and wherever their social condition requires political organization, is upheld as cbief among the organic laws of a democracy, | also maintain the admission of citizens toa conditional fi in limited portions of the territorial domain, to be sound in principle, useful in practice, and united by indissolu- ble kindred e ‘of normal democratic iruth to the pri- mal doctrine seli-government. While the Nebrasks and Kansas bill is recommended to favor by its proposal to establish the practice of tne first of these cardinal pria- ciples, its efficacy will, iu my opinion, be secured by the ecucarrent enactment of fs bwin Principle—the for the people. I believe that the appl eaten to the Territories of these two principles, by legislative section, willremove from party, and safely commit to the people, the charge of their own policy; close Congress elfeotually against the ditcussion of slavery; and by removing for ever a theme of danger to the Union, will com! the approbation of the American people. : , [regret that the Senate bill denies to aliens the posses- sion of a vote. An amendment by the House in this pae- ticular would, I think, strengthen the bill, and, I hope, be concurred fn by the Senate. Having entertained and expressed those opinions, whem canvassing my district in 1850 fora seat in Cot I see no just reason for reversing them now. In It radical democracy of New York struggled for the exela- sion of slavery from territory that was free. The effect. | of the proposed measure will be, in my ju nt, not only to preserye free terrilory for free fabor, but to’ re- press slave labor from the space it now occupies. 1, for one, cannot consent to retreat upon tie position of 1848 from this one, so far in its front. Nor do 1 suppose that. sober reflection will permit others to do so. ‘The Territories for the people, and the people for them- selves, are principles irreversible by every power of per. morargument. By their concurrent action future empire enlarge and confirm the arca of freedom— | without it, perils may encompass and divisions opprose vis. Iam, gentlemen, your obedient servant, . JOHN COCHRANE. To Elijah F. Purdy, and others, committee. LETIER FROM HEMAN J. REDFIELD, COLLECTOR @ THE PORT. Naw York, March 16, 1854. GrxtsRvEN—Your pote of the 7th instant, inviting me ‘o attend & mass meeting of the democracy of the city New York at Olt Tammany, on the 16th instant, haa cn received. While it will not be my power to atten dross the meeting, yet Ldesire to join with you f+ ng to the creat truths of the rights of the people to control the!r own domestic affair, i ay of the principle of the bill. now pending Congress for the organization of the Territories of Yraska and Kansas. It is by no meansa new principle om this side of the Atlantic, | The Legislature of the Colony of Massachussetts Bay, | at an early day, declared that, “hy the law of nature | of nations, by the voice of universal reason and of by the the statate law and the common law, they pos- seed the power of loca! legislation.”” They maintained “the authority of parliament is circumscribed by | bounds, which, if exceeded, their acts become more power without right, and consequently void.” ‘The people of the Territories of the United States, who, like the early colonists of this country, havo left their | homes for the wilderness, have the same right to | upon these prineiples. 1am pleased to sce that the advocates of the right of Congreas to legislate upon the subject of slavery in the Territories have changed thoir course of reasoning or of declamation upon this subject. Their first position that the prior legielation of Congross upon the sunjoot was inviolable and binding upon the country through all time to come. The absurdity of this proposition, and its | inconsistoney with democratic principles and progress, wassoon discovered. The ground now taken is, that the Dill of Senator ouglas does not go far enough—that tt does not allow the people of a Territory more extensive privileges of self-government. a mporcenloast member of the Constitutional Convention of this State in 1821, used often to relate an anecdote which I think not inappropriate to the present occasion. He said that during the discussions and the efforts of the democratic side of the convention to carry the amend- * ment to extend the elective franchise, and to abolish the council of appointments, a distinguished federal momber said in a whisper—‘“sir, when you have rode the popa- lar hobby-as far as you think proper we mean to get on and ride further.’? The proceedings of the convention show that the same men who at first were opposed to the amendmehts. proposed by the democratic party after- wards submitted the most ultra ponesions dae ally to extend the elective franchise to blacks as aa whites. ‘The original copeieas of Mr. Douglas? bill, whether sincere or not it is not for me tosay, now propose to “ride further.” ‘They propose to amend the vill so as to throw off all congressional restraint. Ido no not mean to say that the support of this bill, in its present shape, should be considered a democratic test—far from it. There are some of its provisions T hope to see changed in the House of Representatives, and especially that which limits the under the ter- ritorial government to native born and naturalized citt- zens. Lean see no objection to aliens, who may have declared their intentions of becoming citizens, the privi- lege of voti: But I do mean to say that the of the bill which claims for the people of a Territ right to legislate for themselves in overything that pertains to their local and domestic affairs, including subject of slavery, should be mado a test ‘of democratia faith, because the constitution confers no power wpom | Congress tolegislate for the people of a Territory upom | these subjects. And we cannot too often repeat that all power not expressly granted by the constitution is re- served to the people. ‘Thia is a platiorm upon which whether hard or soft—whether from the South or the Capon North—from the East or the | West, can stand. Itis the old platform erected fathers at the birth of the nation, and upon “tnieh the great battles of the democracy against the advocates of power and the preicnsions of aristocracy have beam since fought and won. It is the platform upon which | the constitution has been hitherto saved, and the unioa of the States preserved. We are now ing a third crisis in the history of re- form in the tion of Congress under the constita- tion. The first was passed under the administration of Mr. Jeflerson, who first put the government on the repub- lican tack; the second under the administration of Preal- dent Jackson, who _- the government on the re~ publican tack, and freed {tfrom a national bank and & i peer of internal improvements among the States, which, if continued as projected by the peseeding sam would have imposed a debt upon the country a8 large, ia proportion to population, as the debt of Great ‘be democracy ia now engaged in a third ie to re- lieve the national government from a course upon the subject of slavery entirely unwarranted by the constitution. The lines of party will be again drawn, as they were in the times of Jeiferson and Jackson, between the advocates of assumed powers by the federal govera- ment on the one hand, and the advoeates of strict com- struction on the other. It ia remarkable that the same system of violence and denunciation is resorted to on this occasion, as was ex- perienced during the administrations of Jeiferson and of Jackson. Senator Douglas has been hung in et ia Masrachurett: oa ese ro Toucey ap iagens ee eye far these arguments will go to prove ple of Massachusetts or of Connecticut ‘ ‘ote representatives in Congress, to govern of the new States and Territories of the West, remains to be seen. The quotations I have made at tho commencement of this letter will remind the people of Boston that the position taken by their forefathers upon the subject of self-government was precisely the same as that now takem by Senator Douglas for the government of the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas. Respectfully, your obedient servant, HEMAN J. REDFIELD. LETTER FROM T. R. WESTBROOK, MEMBER OF CON- GRESS FROM NRW YORK. Wasninetoy, March 15, 1866. GreniaMEn :—Your invitation to attend the etn Tammany Hall, to-morrow evening, called to advance interests of the “ Nebraska bill,’’ was-received. Owing to my engagements here it will be inconvenient: for me to be with you. I cannet, however, permit the occasion to pass by without saying that I approve of the purpose for which your meeting is to be convened. ‘That every locality is the best judge of its own wants and domestic institutions, and should be allowed hat late them, has, with me, alwaya been a favorite d It is in entire conformity with the tenets of the demo- cratic party, which has ever the cay man—whether in Nebraska or in New York—for self- government. I do not, however, mean to say that Iam in favor of every provision of the present bill. ‘The exclusion of the turslized citizen from @ participation in had om of the Territorial government bane « prove of, as an act of justice towards that part of our community ; and, im this respect, the thonla be altered. I simply desire in this communication to say that T tirely approve of the prineiple which the bill was signed to establish, to wit :—Congressional mi ference with slovery in the Territories, and the control of the insti{ation, with all othera, by the thereof, I deem this principle not only expedi cninently right and just towards those pioneers ation, who seck & home in the wilderness and lay | the foundations of future States. For one, afraid to trust men of that description with self- ment. In my judgment they are eminently ca } exercising that inestimable Goon, end I would not, if E ' could, deprive them of a singlo right which we possess. T cannot, within the limits of a letter, give iny views im full wpon this question, but will reserve them for ame- ther occasion. v will. however, cay that it seems to that an opportunity is now afforded to the rty to take high gro nd in conformity its earliest tenets, ond upon which it bas always ti ed. 1 nm not the friend of slavery, and never have I would strenuously ——, ng pone rapt ig and ifa resident of Virginia, or of an, her slave i ‘gradual abolition I would use every elfort to procure its there. Teannot, and would not, tolerate the attempt of a Virginian to establish slavery in Now York, nor would I, asa New Yorker, interfere with it fn or in Nebraska. Let she jntabitante of Virginia and Nebraske ecare of the q@estion for themselves, and let New Yorkers exercise the same p1 tive. These views Iam entirely willing to carry out in the bill organizing Terri- torial governments in Nebraska and Kansas, and I and will not, betieve but that in time they will receive the sanction of n large majority of the American Respectfully, T. R. WEST! LHITER FROM JUDGE AARON VANDERPOBL. New Yonx, March 15, 1854. GESTIEMEN -—I have received your favor inviting me to addrems a mass meeting on the 16th inst., to to the principles of the bill now before 38 for ong nization of the Territories of scene aad sie. i regret, gentlemen, that a temporal will prevent ine from officiating on the occasion for whtels you have so kindly invited me. But 1 will not from expressing my entire approbation of the main ciple of the bill in question. It proceeds on the tion that the people of a State or Territory permitted to control their own domestic interests in thelr *afier the people of any portion of our na- FY i $8 E f raat 5 by i : i rrame i} tes pavtchigh got admitted int Union as one 16 BOVE! can, in defiance of Congress, tolerate or it ala ac cording to their sovel witl and pleasure, tions | position no rational man doubts. Why should | in framing an organic law for a Territory, oy Biccdigh Which cumaos be cbeawise tan oflenslye om