The New York Herald Newspaper, March 6, 1854, Page 6

ADDITIONAL FROM TE PACIFIC. | Interestirg from the Darien Surveying Expedition. ACCIDENT TO GENERAL WOOL, | dcr, Sen, dee Our Now Granada Correspondence. AsrinwaL1, Navy Bay, Feb. 6, 1954. The Darien Canal Surveying Expedition—The French, English, and American Parties—The two Jirst at Fault—Impracticability of the Scheme. I wrote you on the 27th ult., but I am sorry to in- form you that I found on my arrival here, last Fri- day, that the missive had not been forwarded to its | destination, from the simple fact that it only arrived | on the same day as that on which I did, though leav- ing Caledonia Bay four days before me. The United States ship Cyane arrived at Caledonia Bay on the 17th ult. The following is a list of her officers:— Commander—Geo. N. Hollins. Lieutenants—Charles W. Pickering, J. Dorsey Read, Charles M. Fauntleroy, Samuel Edwards. so james J. Brounlee, Mason William HL. Wilcox: Assistant do.—George Peck Clerk—Chas. Me. H. Mayo, 8. L. Breese. —Chas. M. Gilberson. . Garland. So tancer Deve” On the 19th Lieutenant Strain, with a party num- bering twenty-cight, started on a reconnoisance of fhe isthmus. On the 20th the English brig-of-war Bepiegle and French steamer Chimare arrived from Jamaica, with corps of surveyors, who landed on the 23d, under the guidance of Messrs. Gisborne and Oullen. A party of five, who returned to communicate with the ship from Strain, reported that on the 23d they had left him, with his party, in the mountains, a distance of fifteen miles; that the proposed route was a continued range of mountains, and that it was found a very difficult matter to penctrate through them. Strain, however, expressed his de- | termination of crossing to the Pacific. This party | Jeft again on the 26th, reinforced by Lieut. Faunt- | Jeroy and ten men from the Cyane, which separated | at the foot of the mountain range, Mr. Fauntleroy pursuing one branch of the river, while the other party followed in the direction taken by Strain, and Jaid down by Gisborne, from, whom, or Lieutenant Strain, we had not heard up to the time I left Cale- | @onia Bay, on the Ist inst. Lieut. Fauntleroy had returned the day previous, | and reports that the idea of cutting a canal over this route would be preposterous—he having attained a summit level of atleast 4,000 feet. The English and French party had been laying in camp at the foot of the mountains, awaiting reinforcements of men and provisions. It is with feelings of extreme pleasure and pride that I would bear testimony to the vigor and assidu- ity with which Commander Hollins pursues his ex" plorations; and while the other party are nearly @isposed to pass their opinion and report adversely, be ie making a thorough search. He had at one time threc parties, sixty men each, pursuing investi- gations; while the remainder of his sloop-of-war's rew had at my leaving nearly completed the sur- vey of the harbor, which is a beautiful one, with good anchorage, commodious and safe. Lieutenant St. John, R. E., accompanies Lieutenant Fauntleroy @uring his trip to the interior. It gives me much pleasure to inform you that the officers and crew are all well. The Cyane, it is ex- pected, will leave for Havana and the West India | Islands on the Ist of March, returning to Caledonia | Bay, from thence to New York. Messrs. Gisborne and Cullen, the authors of works ‘onthe subject of the Darien Canal, have come toa very sane conclusion, to wit: that they have been een laboring under a mental hallucination. Mr. St. John, R. E., on the part of the English government, was not at all satisfied with their snai\ ike movements, and asked permission to proceed with our party, and on his return stated that it ‘was as possible to build a ship canal as a railroad to the moon. Gisborne and Cullen have commenced * recriminating on each other, one charging the other with having misled him. Strain must have reache ‘the Pacific on the 28th ult. I expected to receive in- telligence of him here, but up to the time of sailing bave not heard from him. I do not think we will make a survey, it being al- | most sheer nonsense to attempt such a thing. G. ~~ Panama, Feb. 1, 1854. General Wool and Party on the Isthrus—Serious Accident to the Veteran—His Convalesence—Inci- dents on the Way—Attack of Robbers—Embarka- tion on the J. L. Stephens. Jarrived in this delectable spot last evening at half-past nine o'clock, after a trip of twelve hours and a balf from Aspinwall, having left that place at nine o'clock in the morning. Many of the passen- gers, however, made trips across in nine hours, but, being in company with ladies, the writer was de- tained. 1 formed one of General Wool’s party, con- nisting of the General, who took command; Major Hardie and wife; Dr. Hammond, U.S. A.; Marcus D. Boruck, of the Sacramento Union; Mrs. Wheeler, of San Francisco; Miss Winans, Mr. J.C. Winans, Mr. H.8. Winans, of New York; Mrs. Elias, of Sau Francisco; Miss Hawley, of Brooklyn; aud other Jadies and gentlemen, rendering the party quite a | formidable one. Previous to leaving Aspinwall, at the invitation of Captain Gray, of the steamer El Dorado, the whole party partook of a very elegant | breakfast on board that steamer. Colonel Totten, of thePanama Railroad ,had a private cat placed at the of the General’s ty, atid thus happily situ- | aa trosastad to the other end of the road, twenty- miles from Aspinwall, the place being called | ‘hin. Here, through the systematic arrange- ment of Mr. Hinkley, mules for the entire number ‘were in readiness, and in twenty minutes after our arrival at the depot we were on our way to Panama. For a short distance out from Matachin, the sleepers and rails of the road have been laid, and it ‘was necessary for travellers to pass over them to in the road; and, justas the cavalcade started, meral Wool's horse, a magnificent pacing animal, stumbled and fell, throwing the General across the fron rail, and laying with his whole weight upon him. Almost immediately, however, the gallant old soldier was relieved from his unpleasant position, ‘bat, I regret to say, somewhat injured, and to such an extent that it was feared he would be unable to | cute the journey. He still maintained his pr e sence of mind, and, rallying his strength,pushed on- | although at times suffering severely. On our ar rival at this place, however, the proper remedies were applied, and I am gratified to say that to-day he is much improved. During the trip from Matechin to this place we met with several incident:, some of a laughable and some of a serious nature. Mrs. Wheeler, a lovely woman, and a perfect Die Vernon, with the excep- tion of being a great improvement on the original, was dashed her mule at several dangerous por- tions of the road, and had it not been for her expe- rienced horse-womanship, would have sustained permanent injuries. The remainder of the ladies ‘were more poral proceeding on the way with- ident or . omar within about ten miles of Panama, we were met on the road by a most ferocious looking hombre, who imparted to us the gratifying intelligence that several gentlemen, whose Le yed Aiea sh recol- lect, hose appearance he could not describe, requested him to ride back in all haste, and in- form the General and his party, that in consequence of night drawing its sable mantle around us, and the number of robbers the road, we had better pro- upon ceed about three ie farther on, and remain for the noctes id hombre’s casa. The last remark, of course, settled the business. Your correspondent was on his seventh trip across the Isthmus, and knowing the tricks of the trade, remarked nothing, bat immensely. The hombre, finding that had travelled once before, concluded to pass, perfectly well assured that we were a of pS any could play our hands out, except that which might be from a “bullet and a ir.” cil of war was held, should march on an n, Mr. Murray, of armed tees she Yo cow in, then came tl Dien Hroagh some places it was determined conquer a piece—of Gi exemplified, it being impossible at times to see mules heads. ee ¢ delightful spot, where your nearest friend could have you, and about one mile from the forks of gona and Cruces road, an alarm came from. at the extreme rear of Snevetty, that was being made, by a “ to or and and, the train, to murder oe Reece aed , the whol hat the attackin; party him and endeav. to pull him from that he struck him in the face and he retreated. Le another of the party, then discharged ES the ge | party pored to located, when they left, soprosing’ap ae bod for en, and Setbepere ce Way x out further dirance, ving at this place at the hour above stated. : The John L. Stephens, the steamer which is to convey us to San Francisco, arrived from Tol this morning, coaled, in perfect order, and ready for the voyage. She will have about eight hundred pas- sengers. The mails and baggage came in A and the steamer will leave to-morrow oreninge all You must allow me to say a word in favor of this F 5 F = Fe il H 4 z HI Ee I = E é ERE the passengers not having arrived. | line of transportation across the Isthmus. The | whole arrangements are well systematized, and I would recommend pose to ‘visit the nt in New York before they start on their California trip. I must also return acknowledgments to the Messrs. Monroe, of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, for favors shown, not only on this occasion, but on every occasion when travelling to and from CALIFORNIA. Our Acapuleo Correspondence. Ow Boarp THE StBAMER JOHN L. STEPHENS, i Acaruco, Feb. 7, 1854. Voyage of the John L. Stephens—Arrival at Acapul- co—Health of General Wool—Attentions Paid to Him—Health of the Passengers—Death on Board —Extract from the Log. We have just arrived at this place, five days, eight and half hours from Panama. We experienced se- vere weather in the’ Gulf of Tehuantepec, and met adverse currents, or we should have made the dis- tance in less than five days. We shall remain here but a very short time, probably four hours, and then leave for San Francisco. Our journey, thus far, has been a most delightful one, and all appear to enjoy the same. We passed the Nicaragua steamer Sierra Nevada, this morning, as rapidly as if she had been at anchor, and in two hours she was completely out of our sight. We shall prone beat her into San Francisco at least thirty recovered from the in- ours. General Wool has entire! juries received by him on the isthmus. Marked at- tention has been paid by all on board, He has been invited formally to dine at the several tables, and on more than one occasion has been nominated for the Union President of 1856. cima ithidied We have on board over eight hun passengers, yet all are in perfect health. i A Mr. Parm! ley father of the wife of Mr. Fairchild, United States Mail Lawes agent at Aspinwall, died this morning of chronic dysentery. He came to geal in the steamer Ohio, of the 5th January. Not one of the passengers by the George Law, of the 20th, has died. Our steamer is a very swift one, her log, thus far, being, first day 277 miles; second lay. 245 miles; third, 304 miles; fourth, 245 miles; tifth day, 262 miles. Time draws near; I must close, and will write again from California. CHILI. On the 17th of Jam , the American ship Equa- tor arrived at Valpariso from Boston, with a passage of 88 days, having on board a cargo of American ice amounting to 800 tons. This is the first shipment of this article that has arrived to enable Mr. Bogardus to comply with his contract with the municipality for supplying the town, and we wish this gentleman every success in his undertaking, and congratulate ourselves on obtaining a permanent supply of this refreehing medium during our long, dry summer. [Correspondence of the Panama wor! VaLPaARIso, Jan. 14, 1854. Concepcion, situated four leagues from the bay bearing the same name, is one and a half miles long by three quarters wide, with a population of, say 10,000 inhabitants. The houses are mostly of one story, with a court-yard after the old Spi style. The finest house in the being is owned by Mr. Zerra- no, is two stories high, and in some respects has an American appearance, portico front, &c. There are but few American residents in Concep- cion. Don Pablo Delano (in the milling business, and a member of the flour company) lives in good style, and keeps an open house tor such of his countrymen as are fortunate enough to have letters to him’; and although a resident of this country for many years, at heart he is a true American. It was my privilege while in Concepcion to be precent at one of the pe Ces Sd of the (F.F.) first families, and 1 can ly say I have not seen x0 much beauty in Chili, 1 may mention a Miss Z. as perhaps the most commanding beauty of the even- ing; but where there were so many beautiful girls it was hard to make a distinction. La Senora and La Senorita Cruz, wife and daughter of General Cruz, who headed the revolution, were present. Tn walking through the streets of Concepcion, I was pointed out the college and nunnery, large buildings, but possessing very little beauty of archi- tecture. Over the entrance of the former I noticed a flag staff painted like your barber’s poles in the United States; the reason for which is beyond my conception. It has something to do with President Montt’s residence there during his late visit to the city. Laan ¢ Concepcion for Talcahuano, its seaport, ou travel over a beautiful, fertile and level country. ‘he road, in some poem, reminds one of the drive from New Orleans to the lake, over that beautiful shell road. The bay of Concepicon is seen on the right, the beautiful pass of ‘Bio Bio” on the left. As you approach Talcahuano, the road becomes sandy. In some pice the sand drifts like snow, and it is not an unfrequent sight to sce the birloeche (the gig of the country,) stuck fast in one of these Talcahuano is in some respects a miserable and apparently deserted village of two or three thousand inhabitants. In other reapects it is at certain sea- sons of the year, when the whaling fleet are there, an apparently thriving village; but at best it never would b be chosen for a fashionable watering place. There is very little to interest the stranger in Tal- cahuano, and it may be passed with the remark that it never has been celebrated for its enterprise. What it may be under the new bonded system is a case of quien sabe. The residents think it capable of im- provement in many respects. Twelve miles northeast from Talcahuano, across the Bay of Concepcion, lies Tome, one of the most eteepriaing, towns in the republic of Chili, having nearly doubled itself in the last five years. Here ma found the principal flouring mills, supplied with water from the springs in the neighboring hills, which are reached by digging canals around them. These mills run night and day, and aresuperintended and worked by Americans. Senor Don Carlos Pozzi, the Spyder of the port of Tome, deserves a passing notice, being the most at- tentive and disinterested friend any stranger could meet with inthe place. Nothing gives pleasure than to befriend los Americanos o los In- gieses. Speaking English fluently, and writing it with ease, he has ai opportunities of being of in- valuable service to those who, from business or pleasure, may tarry within his jurisdiction. I notice by the last steamer the return of Willian Wheelwright, Esq., the great projector of the line o: English steamships on this coast. He has been on a visit to his native city, Newburyport, and made a flying trip to England. I note one thing here, viz: that notwithstanding the English are considered first, and the Americans last in this republic, that the following public works have originated with Americans, or been supe: tended by them lishment of glish line of steam- +..Wm, Wheelwright John Brown Building of bonded warehouses, by Survey of the Santiago Railroad, Allan Campbell Survey of the Copiapo Railroad,’ by... Alian Campbell Valparaiso water introduced into the city, by... y Wm. Wheelwright First whaling ssel sent from Valpa- Crockett. Reese, Paige, an others, whose names I do not re- member, all Yankees, and all wealthy. Who would not brag a little? The old Yankee frigate President, now English, | (having been captured in the war of 1812 by an English fleet,) arrived here on the 10th inst., bring- | ing Rear Admiral Price to relieve Rear Admiral Moseby. The President was but sixty-eight days from England, including a tarry of seven days in Rio. Not a bad passage for a Yankee hull to make, even if she has English colors! ECUADOR. NAVIGATION OF THE AMAZON. This republic is in the enjoyment of political quiet, and increasing in commercial pr rity. We are conpelled to confine ourselves, to-day, to the following extract from the letter of our attentive | correspondent at Guyaquil, dated Jaxcany 30, 1854. 1b the Faitors of the Panama Star— Gentlemen—I enclose herewith a translation by Mr. Philo White, our Charge in Quito, respecting the naviga- | tion of the Amazon. [The decree of the Eeuadorian gov- ernment has already appeared in the Naw York Heaan.]} This circular of his is looked upon with a favorable eye, as tl in fate of nature. Our rains have commenced and continue favorably to | the benefit of the productions of the country. There is evéry appearance at present of an abundant crop of cocoa the approaching season. The only pews rife here is that Gen. Flores is getting ‘im more | ..+,-Edmond S. Sartori. | fr , Green, Delano, | forerunner of civilization, where at present alf is | Thisabai Maspire, and oy satgri hove aided in the moos, ‘AL OF THE NASHVILLE, and t have added in the Pull fre btoke out at Guayaquil on the night of the | MPORZANWT FROM BUROFE. peng, vaued at i ia — Pe. ¥ A press of is princi in ad- PREPARATIONS FOR WAR Toeath the roestablianbent of the Republic of . r ‘Another account says:—In Guayaquil the people NAPOLEON'S LETTER TO THE CZAR. Vicon with aialik ety apni nom ile de e » > think that the time has arrived when capability, Important Debate in the British = and intelligence, and not embroidery, (bor- Parliament. dos,) should be. ttle to fice. The atic party have been defeated in every question parcmnnn deine, Sle, who, the writer talon ae ignorant any, Speeches of Lord Aberdeen and the lous, and corru) of th is kept up to a standard far above its Earl oot aaa ~ dof another attempt by of Clarendon. Flores; and for this reason almost all the coleges an ‘The writer of the above appears quite taken up with the Guayaquil ladies; he says that it is impos- sible to see or hear them without being enamored with their talents and c= The following letter is referred to in a Guayaquil letter to the Star:— Qurro, Dec. 20, 1853. A decree having been passed by Congress, and approved by the executive of this republic, by which the naviga- tion and cormerce of the Amazon and its tributaries, within the territorial limits of Ecuador, are made free to all nations, and liberal gratuities of land and other valu- able considerations are offered to those individuals or families, to whatever nation they may belong, who may be attracted to this magnificent country as traders or | settlers, the undersigned has thought the Lig? ipa i sion of this intelligence, in an authentic shape, of suffi- cient importance to the enterprising merchants and others of his countrymen to warrant him in communi- cating it to them in a circular form. ‘He has accordingly translated the decree, and a] a copy hereto. It been perfected in all ite forms, and the honor and faith of the nation are ple toa strict fulfilment of its stipulations. And in this respect it possesses a marked advantage over the Peruvian and New Granadian decrees of a like import, as in the former Congress has not as yet concurred the executive = in the latter has the executive approved legislative action. Morcover, the personal assurances of the su authorities of this republic do not permit me to doubt the sincerity of their profession of a high admiration of our political institutions, nor of their anxiety to cultivate in- timate and amicable relations with us, by making con- cessions of the most liberal kind to our commercial and other interests, and emulating that en and progres- sive spirit, by ‘which our people have leved a succes- pe of ue in Celie and ine peor that not only challenge respect, but exc’ e marvel of an enlightened. world. PHILO WHITE. BOLIVIA. We have verbal information that Belzu is endea- Yering to concent fae of — one and respectability to invade Peru, and the pro - ties are that he will succeed. The Valparaiso Echo of the 31st of Janury (the latest) anys:— Affairs appear to be no better in Bolivia than in Peru. rhances take place all over the coun- try. Signor Linares and General Mariano Ballivian were again actively at work, rousing the Bae against Belzu. There is every probability of t! would-be hero being involved greater than ever. The different against the tyrant use the words “Peace with Peru,” as their motto and rallying standard. Gen Velazco and Carrasco were revolting the province of Santa Cruz. PERU. THE REVOLUTION—THE GOLD WASHINGS OF THE AMAZON, ETC. The situation of this country is alarming to all lovers of peace and tranquillity. volution is rife in every corner of the republic. Elias sustained a defeat in the province of Ica, at the hands of the ernment forces under General Terrico, and fled wards Arequipa, which has risen likewise against the constituted authorities. Trajillo and some other northern provinces were likewise the prey of anarchy and disorder. for a full account of the Arequipa insurrection, an which throws some light upon the relative position of Peru and its old enemy, Bolivia, or rather Belzu. In our last number we stated that Commodore Don Domingo Valleriestra had died at Callao, but it proves we were mistaken; it was his brother, Don Antonio, the commander of the Peruvian brig war Almirante Guise, who expired under the influ- ence of a liver complaint. [From the Panama Star, Feb. 9.) Yesterday we received the following ‘correspond- ence. It is written by a gentleman every way wor thy of confidence, who was educated at West Point, and is of one of the most respectable families of the United States. In a private note, he says:— Guxtimrex—At the request of my California com- panions, who are with me, I send you the herewith en- closed article. All of us have more or less friends in Cali- fornia who may emigrate to this country, and we take interest in informing them of the eheapest and most convenient route. Most of o have written from Set the Star should take a right view of the matter also, There isa jeweller with us. Trujillo to pedull jewelry, and has just returned, bring- ing twoand one half ounces in dust. Gold dust sel here on the const at $15 50. I expect itis much cheap- er in the mines. I wish you would mertion that Huan- chaco, not Callao, is the place to disembark. Huancha- co is about two hundred miles to the north of Callao, Hvaxcuco, Port of Trujillo, Peru, Jan. 26. I anticipate the promise which I made you to write after I had explored and p: the river, with the view of Regen, Mig! mineral resources. T was yesterday at aos , the capital of this ha ment, and situated about two leagues from this . It is there that most of the merchandising and trading of this section of country is carried on, and at this city con- siderable of the on the Amazon is either sold to the merchants or shi, patos eal ports. Their are some Americans resi in Trajillo, and through their politeness I was shown gold in possession of mer- chants of that place. It resembles much the gold of California, some lote being of the flakey character like the bar rivers, other of a coarse kind resembling dry one piece weighing eight and one half ounces of pure » I also saw ten nds of gold in the possession > tay by the pa of afr. ‘Washbi % gen- tleman who has resided twenty-seven years in coun- . It is but three days since he returned from the ines, and he gives the most flattering eneription of the abundance of gold there. He says that the Indian mode of washing is with a rudely constructed dish made of sheep akin. He seems delighted with the long-tom system of washing, which we described to him, and consents to return immediately tothe mines. Considerable excite- ment prevails along the coast in relation to the Amazon mines. Three parties have already left this place en route. ‘These parties were composed mostly of CalMornians and Australians; men who know from ¢: the value of being You have formed an erroneous opinion concerning the road from this point to the mining section of the country; but I presume that impression originated from a letter which you received from a Katee tot ‘a month or six weeks since. He read me that letter before mailing it, and I said everything consistent with politeness to per- suade him not to despatch it. The object of that writer’s visit to Peru was to procure from this government a grant of certain Rrivileges, such ag the use of the Peruvian flag to navigate the Amazon river,and certain grants of land to be located at pleasure, ich which he intended should be sufficient to cover all those | When I first arrived at Lima, gome three months since, ho was dattered by the Peruvian government thet they would accede to all then talked of the ease with which a small body of armed | men could reach the Amazon river; but Inter, when the it was notorious that company after company was form- ing in Callao for the purpose of crossing the country, his ideas seem to have undergone a change. * * * * * | L ascertain from four Californians, who are now at | this on that there were some ten or fifteen others | who left San Francisco in company with them, ‘n- tending to come on to this place and cross the country to the mines, but that when they arrived at Panama yout virtuous inhabitants persuaded them to cross the | Isthmus en route to New York, New Orleans, , or some other realm, and then await the construction of * * * #5 stcamboats. How preposterous! Even if steam- boats were now running from the States to the Amazon, touching at the Isthmus, it would be no route for those | of the Pacific to travel, when we are but twenty dave from Huancheco to the’ mines; mules’ cheap, and the roads good—roads over which are packed all and merchandise to Chachapoyas, Loredo, and nll the other inland cities, and a road which, with the exception of two or thiee pleces in crossing the mountains, runs through a fertile and thickly inhabited country, render- ing it unnecessary to pack more than w day's provision at a time, and that can be procured in sufficient quantity for one rial to supply one man for twenty-four hours. ‘There are forty of us here, mostly Americans. We start to-morrow, I write this that my friends from California may not be humbugged I'ke the last party, who were ad- vised to cross the Isthraus. Coroners’ Inquests. | _ DeatH Cavsep By Fay Downy a Hatonway.—Coroner | Wilhelm Saturday held a at the N. Y. Hospital, | on the body of John Ronan, ag years, & native of Ire- land, who ‘came to his death by a'fracture of the skull accidentally received by falling through the hatchway Pp Nw atthe foot of Market street, on the 2d day of March, 1854. Deceased it seems was at work on board of said ship, and accidentally fell down the hatchway ineurving the injury which caused his death. A verdict was rendered in accordance with the above facts. A Cui Berxrp to DriTu.—Coroner O’Donnelt Saturr- day held an inquest at No. 3 Washington street, on the iy of achild two years and six months of age, named Mary Maher, who carne to her death from burns caused by her clothing aceidentally taking fire. The mother it seems | jeft the room but a few minutes for some water, and on her return she found the child in flames. A verdict was rendered of ‘aecidental burning.” | A Contous Arvamr.—Coroner O'Donnell Saturday held an inquest at No. 23 Orchard street, on the body of a newly born infant, found dead between some bedding. Ann Freeny, the | servant girl in the employ of Mra. Cooper, war ‘suspected of being the mother of the child, Dr. Ub] made a post mortem examination of *the body, and found that it lind been born ative, but evidently died trom neglect Jere were marks of visleses ou tie , and the | jury rendered a verdict of death produced by “ causeu n- Ligwn to trejury.” ‘ . ficulties | We refer our readers to our Islay correspondence, | of | fleets were still at anchor in Beycos Bay. telegraphic | ar here to their friends in Colitornie bat T feel it necessary | He went yesterday to | nong the first to enter a new mining country. | | places most practicable for the erection of towns, &. | of his requests. He-and every one | Peruvian government still procrastinated with him, and | THE CRISIS OF THE QUESTION. THE REPORTED RENEWAL OF NEGOTIATIONS, STATE OF THE MARKETS, &., &., &. The American mail steamship Nashville, Captain Berry, arrived at half-past 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon. She left Havre on the 15th and Southampton on the morning of the 16th ult. Her news is two days later. The N., off Portsmouth, England, passed through the English fleet about to sail for the seat of war. ‘The news by the Nashville is of a highly important character. It details the enormous military and naval preparations going on under the auspices of both England and France for attacking Russia as well in the Baltic as in the Black Sea. A British contingent of ten thousand men were to sail (on board steam transports specially hired for the pur- pose,) on the 18th, for Malta, there to rendezvous and to be held in readiness for military operations for the pro- tection of Constantinople, Thirty-six British ships of the line and frigates, with ten or twelve French men-of- war of the largest class, were to assemble in the Downs on the 6th March for service in the Baltic. In all the dockyards and arsenals of England and France the greatest activity prevailed. The French ocean squadron under Admiral Bruat had | reached Algiers, and was embarking a division of the | African army, amounting to 12,000 men; after which it was to set sail for Toulon, where an English squadron | and transports was to meet it, and take on board 30,000 French troops. Both squadrons, with an army of 42,000 men, would then proceed to the Levant, enter the Darda- | nelles, and disembark the troops at Siliviri, near Rodosto, onthe Sea of Marmora—a spot fixed upon as the best for the protection of the Bosphorus and Dardanelles. It appears, however, that notwithstanding these exten- | sive_and tremendous preparations for war, fresh negotia- | tions for peace were actually in progress, and that an au- tograph letter had been written by the Emperor Louis | | Napoleon, (with the consent of the British cabinet,) to | the Emperor of Russia, proposing a fresh basis of negotia- | tions. A reply to this proposition was expected to reach | Paris by the 22d of February, and some persons professed | themselves sanguine that these new efforts to preserve the tranquillity of the world would “not be unsuccess- ful. Others, (and these the majority of the Eng- lish people,) thought that the Czar would be | glad at any price to gain time so as to strike | his meditated blow at the Turks on the Dan- | ube, before any assistance could reach that® point from the Western Powers. Generally great disgust at the prospect of any further negotiations was expressed, and a wish was generally entertained’ that war should be at | once declared, and such measures taken as should speedi- | ly bring the Emperor of Russia to his senses, by means of | | @ succession of vigorous operations against Sebastopol, | Odessa, Cronstadt and St. Petersburg. According to the latest accounts,the British and French | despatch from Constantinople affirms that the moment it was known that the English and French squadrons had | | returned to the Bosphorous, a division of the Russian | | fleet darted out,as before reported,and proceeded to attack | Fort St. Nicholas, which had been taken by the Turks, and | that after bombarding for five hours they were forced to | retire. This news caused the greatest sensation at Constan- | tinople, and a conference of the Ambassadors was held, at | which it was determined that cruisers should be perma- | nently kept in the Black Sea to prevent the repetition of | @ similar event. A fresh convoy of troops and stores for | Batoum was to leave Constantinople, escorted by detach- | ments from the French and British fleets, on the 2d | February. | The mail steamship La Plata arrived at Southampton attwo o’clock A. M., on February 15, with the West! India and Pacific mails. She brought on freight specie, valued at £25,000, and would have brought a larger | amount but the specie boats on the Chagres river were snagged. | The cholera was raging with violence in Tortola. The royal mail steamer Thames, from the Brazils and River Plata, arrived at Southampton on the 14th Februa- | ry. She brought dates from Buenos Ayres to the 2d, and Rio de Janeiro to the 14th January. {Later dates bad | | been previously received at the Haran office.] | At the Corn Market in Mark Lane on the 13th, there | ‘was a small show of English wheat, and the quality was | indifferent. The market was very fiat, and the best qua- lities hung on hand, though effered at a decline of 2s. | per quarter. Foreign wheat was very depressed at 1s. | | per quarter lower. The flour trade was very heavy, and | sales of American made at fully 1s. per barrel lower. | Barley, oats, and other grain flat and lower. At Liverpool on the 14th, wheat was sold at about late | rates, but flour was difficult to move at ls. per barrel | lower. Indian corn was freely offered at a reduction | | of 2s. The money market retained its easy character. The English funds were pretty firm and little affected by the | Warlike preparations, consols being last quoted at 9134 | to 91%. Railway shares and foreign bonds were rather | | better in price. | The reports from the manufacturing towns show great | steadiness of trade. At Manchester, owing to the firm- ness of the Liverpool cotton market, the tendency of business was slightly towards improvement. At Bir- | mingham, the general influx of foreign orders was undi- minished, whilst the home trade was continuously active. The advices from Australia regarding Birmingham goods, | were not on the whole favorable. In Nottingham trade was dull, In the woollen districts there was renewed ani- mation, but the Bradford worsted trade was without re- covery. The Irish linen markets were ina healthy state. ‘The London tallow market was quiet. Sugar market flat, at a reduction of 6d. per ewt. ‘At the Liverpool cotton market, on the 18th, a large amount of business was transacted, and the sales reachod 10,000 bales, of which 4,000 were for speculation and ex- port. Prices well supported. Sales on the 14th, 8,000 bales, without change in prices. ‘The Plymouth journals make mention of a rumor that the New York and Havre steamers are to call off that port to land their mails and passengers, instead of pro- ceeding to Southamption, as heretofore. Our private correspondence states that there is no truth in this re- port. It appears that the Post Office Department at | Washington had applied to the Postmastor General in | London for information as to the advisability of touching at Plymouth, and the British authorities made some in- quiries, which were magnified fnto a statement that the change was really to take place. The London department is satisfied that Southampton is the preferable port, and if @ change were to take place it would entail great incon- ‘venience to remodel the British Post Office staff, and we are informed that a reply will ba made in this sense by the Postmaster General. The geographical | position of Southampton, and its close proximity to Lon- | don, rendering it, in point of fact, a mere outport of the | capital, has always been found by the great packet com- panies to afford advantages which no other Channel port | possesses, whilst, in a commercial point of view, South- ampton from its position has been enabled to carry off the palm from all other ports in the south of England. If any alteration should therefore take place, it would be in opposition to the bias and recommendations of the British Post Office, and would not be attended with any advantage to the public service, whilst the commercial interests of the packets would probably suffer. The Eng- lish Post Office is desirous to concentrate all the ocean postel business at Southampton, where it has been found, from an experience of fifteen years, that, on the whole, the greatest practical accommodation can be afforded for the rapid transmission of the foreign mails. The ships of the General. Serow Company, after threo years’ calling at Plymouth, are about to diseontinue doing so, and make Southampton thoir head quarters. The disadvantage of Plymouth is ite great distance from London, (250 miles,) half the way over a single line of rails; and the infrequency and | | | in moderate but firm language. Its, I believe, the last | was not unlikely that Palmerston would be Prime Minis- | Bonthanpton, they would probably lose all their passen- | ger traffle and greatly disconcert their other commercial The Overland India, China and Australian mails reached London on the 13th inst., with details of the news, a tele- graphic summary of which, received via Trieste, was re- ceived by the Europa. The Australian commercial news ‘was considered pretty favorable. Advices from St. Petersburg to the 7th of February state that a considerable quantity of tallow was being purchased for delivery in the summer and autumn, asif confidence were entertained in the prospects of peace at those periods. It is mentioned that the deputation from the Society of Friends had arrived at St. Petersburg, and had had an in- terview with Count Nesselrode. ‘The Odessa advices are to the 8d of February, and state that the port was again open, and that s moderate busi- ness had been transacted in wheat. Neutral ships had & preference over English to the extent of 10s. or 15s. per ton. ‘The Cunard steamer Niagara arrived at Liverpool at midnight on the 13th, from Boston and Halifax. Our London Correspondence. Lonpon, Tuesday, Feb. 14, 1854. Peace or War—Immense Preparations in Engen and Franceo—The Debate and Lord <Aberdeen—The Peace * Letter of Lowis Napoleon to Ewtperor Nicholas—Pal- | merston— United States Envoy at Constantinople—United States Enwoy at London. | A correspondence from Europe to-day partakes very | much of the double-faced character of the statue in the Temple of Janus—peace at one side, war at the other. | It is difficult to reconcile the active preparations for war, | both in France and England, with the pacific views and | statements of Lord Aberdeen. | To begin with the first:— In a few days a small but very efficient British army sails, (this is not rumor, but fact,) to the Mediterranean. It includes three battalions of the Guards, (some of our | best young blood,) six regiments of the line, including the | 93d Highlanders, a battalion of rifies, and a correspond- ing anfount of artillery. Lord Raglan will, it is said, be commander-in-chief, and the Duke of Cambridge will | take command of some squadrons of cavalry—altogether | a picked force of about ten to twelve thousand British troops, efficient in every respect. It is needless to soy that the presence alone of these men ina battle against the Russians would give a moral strength to the Turks, France, on the other hand, sends 40,000 men, under Pelissier and Canrobert; some of the regiments are old bronzed soldiers, who have been fight- ing allftheir lives against the Arabs in Algeria. Now, when we consider that the Turks have, single-handed, deen able to cope since the 28d of October last, when the first skirmish took place, against an overwhelming force, 50,000 European well-disciplined troops must be no feather in the scale; if we add to this that the combined fleets command the Black Sea, and that Varna can con- stantly receive supplies from Constantinople, &c., I think that Russia may be seriously alarmed. 80 much for the land forces. Now for the naval:— If England sends fewer troops than France, she is | about to send a fleet to the Baltic unequalled in the his- | tory of the world, namely, 15 ships of the line, steamships, 11 heavy frigates. | the frigates 848—2,014 guns. The Duke of Wellington will be Charles Napier’s flagship. Those who beheld the review at Spithead last year only saw one-third of the powerful fleet now assembling at ‘Spithead. Our squad- ron in the Black Sea, though not so large, is equally effi- | cient. The French ‘‘ Ocean Fleet,”’ as it is called, has already sailed from Brest to take in at Toulon the troops destined for Constantinople. I have only given you the substance of the preparations, enclosed you will find de- tails. It is said that Adrianople will be the headquarters of the Europeans at first, half way between the Danube | and Constantinople. The Sultan fixes his headquarters there in the spring. Now for the peace view:— In the House of Lords on Friday night Lord Aberdeen, in reply to Earl Grey, who said that he regarded the eve of a great war an unfitting time to bring forward a new reform bill, stated that he altogether denied that war was inevitable, and that he had not abandoned the hope of maintaining peace. Lord Derby replied, and the Marquis of Clanricarde followed him up, when Lord Aberdeen with some warmth said that he denied that England was at war with any Power, and that as long am peace re- , mained, please God, no efforts should be spared in main- taining it. He could not deny that the negotiations at Vienna had come to a close. Lord Beaumont asked what | were his hopes of peace, as no negotiations were going | on? Lord Aberdeen snappishly replied that he had al- ready answered that question. Hereupon Earl Grey pro- tested against the rebuke implied. The Earl of Derby hinted that if he did not think it would be detrimental that a change of minority should take place at so critical a juncture he might do it. It must not be forgotten that the Russian ambaseadors at Paris and London are gone, that ours are on their way back from St. Petersburg, that we convoy Turkish troops, that we sweep the Black Sea, &¢., &e.; and on what, then, do hopes of peace rest? I refer you to Lord Aberdeen. Austria and Prussia have refused the overtures made by Count Orloff; but Austria is playing » sneaking game. She now offers to mediate between Russia and the Western Powers, backing out, as st were, of the Vienna protocol. It | alsoseems that she had a hand in the conspiracy discoy- ered at Constantinople to create an insurrection among | the Christians, and positively sheltered the ringleaders at | the Austrian embassy. She is not to be trusted. Public | feeling here is, believe me, strong for war. Is the Czar | to be treated like a spoiled child, and allowed to have his | | own way in everything? The Emperor of Austria has | written to bim to persuade him to be a good boy, and Louis Napoleon has done the same. It is high time he should be whipped. Louis Napoleon’s letter is couched | attempt at conciliation he will try. Allalong in this quarrel Louis Napoleon has acted in a much more manly and decided manner than the go- | vernment of England. I said, a long time since, that it | ter. Such an eventuality is not so impossible as many imagine. For latest news from the East I must refer you to the files of London papers for details. It appears that the re- turn of the combined fleets to Beycos had considerably annoyed the English and French Ambassadors. Their conduct has, however, been approved of by their respec- tive governments. Theadmirals and ambassadors do not pull well together. As soon as their return was known, the Russians attempted to bombard Chekvetel, (Fort St. Nicholas,) near Betoum. Though ven in different cor- respondences, I almost doubt the truth of it. It is car- | rying temerity too far. If true, the combined fleets ought to sail at once and sink the Russian fleet. The in consequence of the ice. Mr. Spence, the representative of the United has arrived at Constantinople. The Sultan had States, issued the necessary firman to admit the vessel of war that brought him into the Dardanelles. Mr. Roebuck made an interpellation in the House of Commons on Friday night respecting the costume of the American ambassador, a cirew last. ce alluded to in my The following is what pa Rorsvcx—I wish to put s question to ¢! mber for the city of London, with referer cto ben matter of considerable importat that to some it may ai neral Pierce was ol Pre ne of the first orders which he issued was, erican diplomatists should appear st foreign courte in the habilime in which they appear at the Presid yw i ‘imes that on thi noble lord to what I in the Houre of Lorde excep’ .. The consequence wes that the United States yr did not appear. As this might be attended with unpleasant effects, and mizht have a tondency to disturb our good relations with the United States, I wish to ask whether that order was issued by the Lord Chamberlain with the knowledge of the Minis- ters of the crown; whether the; , knowing that such an te By ee ae tended to a} Lord Jous Ry yen me some notice of his sends to ail persons belonging to the diplomatic corps, or otherwise invited to bo prosont, cards for their ad 0 the H thone cards aro placed the words “full dre sent'to the American Minister was i sent, nor do I b hat American Minister ing in full dress. He of this question, to ab: that day. With'rg the orders to the jouse of Lords, and upon ‘The card to appear in. pl shall think: i fatt Gress. 1 hav iy some ni as taken Jace in France on this subject. I he Emperor of that tI ‘rance has notified to the American Minfste at court that he was roady to receive him fa plain dre ore a he pr «i his credentials, he was invit court, m the oceasion of any, that took place thore, pe ne oe Seve 10 Minister aw 1 wi imperor’s wishes on this point. T believe that Minisote has not had anything in the least resem! dil ce with our Foreign Minister mpon this euty jor do I think that any arise. dithenlty is likely Lord Jolin Russell brought forward his new reform bill Fury has returned to Sebastopol, not being able to get in | ernment THE TURKISH WAR. i reported that such a letter had been written, but its i il by i Be H i su the! i é | if i 4 H Hike us Constantinople u its pure and sim) Porte, for tts own part, Cuggtntet = the note, to which the representatives at Vienna were not indisposed however, agreed your teoectenel, = ‘that of remain ina Porte had claimed our sppeared to us to be squadrons were phorus. Our attitude in reference to Turkey was that of ra but it was . We did not incite pulsing from pret a our, you would act on the defensive, Up Maat period, ‘we were, I ma} ee interested tors, but spectators of the dispute, when the affair of Sinope c —- to take'a more decisive part. France and EB | had not thought it necessary to send troops to assistance of bie id Shale Sas, Aeeetore, were not gaged in the conflicts which took plage upon land. ‘at sea it was very different. There were at the entrai . to the Bosphorus 5,000 gauisy the Existence of wh ed loudly enough to ‘arose the Black Sea, and to prevent the recurrence of 9 similar collective notification sent to the announcing an we would also protect the Tui tory. As to the Russian fidet, in tion of the Black Sea, we placed it int dt the war to p Peet apuntaien rete at ‘ocen; serve nt force ti of the Turkish tersilory, and thus facilitate’ ties sion of peace by having the power of making a desiral exchan, Such, Sire, is the real result anda facts. ‘It is clear that, having ai must either bring about a definite rupture. Your ‘y tude for the tranqui disorder, that ler, cannot course you wi | take in the alternative which presente iteelf a . choice. Should our Majesty be as desirous aa mye ] ‘& pacific con , What would be more ‘than declare that an armistice shall now be signed, shall resume their diplomatic course, that shall cease, and that the belligerent forces the to which motives of war have Thus the Russian troops would abandon the Prine ties, and our squadrons the Black Sea. Your Maj preferring to treat directly with Tur might “apro! bassador, who ni a of the Sultan ®@ cont “ee ive war uj upon hostility ry adopt land and myself are agreed, will be re-established na the world satisfied. nothing in the plan which is unworthy of your ing which can wourfd your honor; but i nothii if, motive difficult to understand, your Maje: fuse this should then France, as well as England, wi be com; to leave to the fate of arms and the chanc } paid t which might now be decided by reason acy justice. Let not your Majesty think that the least anirosity| can enter my heart. I feel no other sentiments th sressed by your Majesty yourself in your of ‘the », Feapect for treaties, and recij of the the Peace, This is 0 Feign who traced tt sad do ot hesliate vo declare i T remain faithful to it. H sentiments, and it is with these Sire, your Majesty’s good friend, IMPORTANT DEBATE IN THE ENGLISH HOUSE OF LORDS. In the House of Lords, on February 14, the Marqui’ of Clanricarde moved that an humble address be pre sented to her Majesty, humbly praying that her Majest) will be graciously pleased to direct that further inform tion respecting the cessation of diplomatic relations the Court of St. Petersburg and the war which imminent, be laid before this House. ‘The Ear oF CLaRENDON—M; lords, although I certatar) do not anticipate all the benefit from this discussion th my noble friend promised us last week when he gav. notice of his present motion, yet I, for one, do not that he has called your lordakips’ attention to the st ject, that your lordships may eonsider it in a more deli berate manner. For this is a question which on the most momentous as it may British interests i a ld. 1 therefc h your lordships and the count only to the } have that subject sifted and analysed in a manner t show whether her Majesty’s government has done its) duty, and is thereby entitled to the future Par! it and the country. lords, no one who 7 listened to the speech of ie oo mpogt apd the industry or the ingenuity with which he has ly the information which has been furnished to 0 a I think no one will deny that there has to his analysis , OF one one of might almost say, “otfateness er He has had the advantage of largely availed himself of {8 in tenting the ions; but, my lords, he given us b t of placing himself in our nor has he sts what would have been the rr ces of theve sogotiatieus, but no a Ty eRe ions, but he has onl tne uestion, according to his ju it, gotiations have been closed. ier Rear.) is the result of my noble friend’s opinion after all?. Why © he considers that if thi ings had been done differently different result might have occurred. This charge of my! 1 to of mul Sicirs rainy ta NAPOLEON. satisfy him that we have done our duty—or that, in that ve done, we have been guided by asense of wi was due to the dignity of this country—or that we di: know how to carry out our own policy—yet I humbly hop and trust that such an opinion as my noble friend bl tains ia not the verdict of the Roopa of this country hn that they donot thjnk that we baye tarnished the hon» J of England by —— to maintain and to preserv: coin Europe, (Hear heat.) am tho lat person widually to regret anything which has fi " my noble friend, for certainly I can sn: | that no one regrets more than myself ‘ ties in carrying on these negotia’ A tiations ‘The great distances between the seats of negotiation, Cs time unavoidably lost by intercommanicat the rapid. of events which have ofteh frustrated our best found. hopes of snecess—all these cireumstances have ren. dered these negotiations pecul therefore, m; , that I have pa Bons I' must ptm the tone ; to di he. ‘parage tl disunion at a moment whet which = "On the fret Sight of the ber eatnerwees informed by my noble friend that when he | Ponsessod the papers he would be able to form = judg ment of the manner in which the negotiations had beea conducted by her Maj government, and that, if war there must be ina just and rig] aside considerations of last night. It is a comprehensive but at the present critical moment might have been: against a common enemy should be the ‘order of the tardiness of its railway communieations with the metro- polis, fs not only detrimental to the mail ser ivo, but greatly inconveniences passengers, If these steamers | Were, therefore, to start from Plymouth in preferenee t day??? Tora Dudley Stuart has arrived from to Con- | siantinople and Schnmla, He has had with | the leading ‘members of the cabinet. The testimony of an eye-witness is always valuable. r rt of his mission at Const: uatity atronger mearures are than ere hun ten et Sabooty's govetienhnns ‘e have been information reached the course we