The New York Herald Newspaper, February 27, 1854, Page 2

menia, weighed down by an odious domination; the | Caucasian provinces, where the Teherkesses, who b difficulty bronght upder sub- the efforts of the undaunted ‘Lesghes of the amyi, The Catholics will remember the persecn'ions which they have under ‘one, and the Mussulmans the ingnlts which have m put upon thelr creed. Sweden, Turkey and Persia will claim the portions of territory wres! ‘from them by Rassia. A severeaccount of the con- quests and humiliations of the past will be demanded by all the neighboring nations from the hau bey power which is only become so great by the detri- mentof its ueighbors, and which afterhaving thought and acted as the guardian of social order Te- volutionary excesses, is now disturbing public peace of Hurope by itsextravagant demands and its ambition.” GHRMAN OPINIONS OF RUSSIA. The German press is a8 unanimous as that of Eng- land in condemsing the unjust aggression of Russia, and its selfish disregard for the peace and order of Europe. The conservative paper, the Preuss. Wochenblatt, the organ of the party of which M. Bethmanun Hol- laeg is the leader in the Prussian Chamber, vehe- mently attacks the court and country party which clamors for an alliance with Russia. “The Saar, it is said, did not ask the advice of Prussia before en- gaging in Ra peomns difficulties, nor did he consider the injury his copduct must necessarily entail upon his neighbor. Russia alone has created a pre- text for war with the Porte, expanding her claims in proportion as the moderation of the Divan became Tore illustrious. Russia alone, invading the Princij » made the quarrel an pean cause, It is, fore, for Russia alone to stop ‘n her course, end not to involve Prussia in her difficulties ; and siece she has not hadthe wisdom to avoid the war, she must be left to find the means of getting out of it. The Cologne Gazette observes that now France and England have come forward not to pursue selfish or interested views, but to defend Ewropean interests, which are those of Germany more than of any other nation, the duty of Austria and Prussia is plain. These States have no longer an excuse for a passive att'tude. Duty and interest alike call them to defend the common cause of violated law and right. Ac- cording to all appearances, Russia has not succeeded in inducing the courts of Berlin and Vienna to re- nounce their freedom of action, and the corps of ob- servation which Austria is now stationing on the Turkish frontier is much more likely to be a bridie ov Russia in possible circumstances than a defence againat rome dozen political refugees. As for Prus- sia, a single company would suffice to keep its refu- gees iu check, and with an army of 150,000 men it could compel Russia to accepta fair and equitable peace. The Vienna Lloyd devotes nine of its columvs to an exposure of Russian selfishness and diplomatic craft, as exemplified in the negotiations which pre- ceded the treaty of Adrianople. For this purpose, the Lloyd prints the whole of the confidential memo- randum by Pozzo di Borgo, dated Paris, Oct. 16, 1825, and lately erties at Paris. After giving es; cial prorainence to those passages in which the wily ambassador shows how Austria is to be by turns ter- Tified and cajoled into the Russian alliance, the Tey. reminds the Austrian public that the despatch 98 plainly describes the politics of Russi: in eer, gent crisis as in the period in which it was written; it therefore is spared the necessity of comment, and oss the whole plot to the reflection of its readers. VIEWS IN RUSSIA. According to a letter from St. Petersburg, of Jan. 27, in the National of Berlin, the opinion gains ground in the Russian capital that ‘the Czar will not allow himself to be dragged by the ambitious Sclavic party to those extremes which its fanatic members would fain reach.” The Czar is more prudent; he thoroughly understands bis position, and, while es- saying to keep intact his honor and his right, he will avoid all that would be certain to bring about a rupture with the West. The Sclavic party believed neither in the firmness of the Western Powers, nor in the duration of the alliance between Franee and England; its astonishment is now great, and its illu- sions are vanishing. Count Nesselrode is regaining his wonted ascendancy at St. Petersburg. It is de- clared that the Emperor of Russia has just addressed an autograph letter to the Queen of England, in which he atrtvee to prove that the ag, on did not originate with him. It may be relied upon then that Russia will keep up a certain reserve towards the Western Powers, but will not provoke a rapture with them. Wobat is most apprehended is the active intervention of France and Englaad in the Danub- ian Provinces. The sympathy of the inhabitants of these countries for those two Powers is known; the approach of their allied forces might occasion an rvescence that would annihilate Russian influ: ence, and perhaps, by a fatal explosion, destroy her armies. POLAND. The Vienna correspondect of the London Chro- wicie, writing onthe 5th inst., says :—Letters from Kalisch state that although the Russian preparations for war did not for a long time affect the sta‘e of things military iu Poland, it has been otherwi-e siace the calling in of the reserve battalions, a measure s0 extraordinary that every one feels that a crisis of no common charscter is at hand. The battslions in question will not be sent at once to the seat of war, but be stationed in the interfor of the empire as re- serves. Prince Pa-kiewitch daily receives adjutants and staffofficers coming and going to and from St. Petersburg and the Principalities, and although the troops now on their march in the south of Russia have to encounter great difficulties, in the state of the weatuer, yet the days are numbered—so at least they persuade themselves at Kaliech—when Russia will pass from the defensive (qy.) to the offensive, and strike a terrible blow at the enemy. It is now felt, says the same correspondent, to be a great mis- take on the part of Russia that a sufficient force was not sent in the spring of last year to settle affairs with Turkey, as the prolonged contest is tull of finan- tial difficulties for Russia, besides leading to compli cations with the West. SERVIA. The Srbski Dnewnik states a revolutionary inroad by Milosch, the former Priace of Servia, and a devot- bf tool of Russia, is apprehended, and that Gen. Knicanio’s corps of 8,000 Servian warriors has been posted at Semendria, on the Danube, to defend the present government. A letter from Vienna states that public attention has been much excited there by an order which has been given to send an Austrian corps d'armée of from thirty thousand to forty thousand men to the south-«) ern frontier. This corps, it is said, is destined to maintain the independence of Servia, which is threatened on one side by the Turkish government, and on the other by the Panslavist element, which ‘appears to wish to take the upper hand in the coun- | try. THE RUSSIAN AMBASSADOR TO FRANCE. (Peom the Paria De oas, Fab w ] It is stated that before leaving Paris M. de Kis- seleff drew up a circular to inform all his country- men residing in France of the resolution which it was his duty to come to in execution of the orders of the Emperor, and to say that in view of certain eventualities it was the intention of the Emperor that they should have to quit France. The departure of M. de Kisseleff bas caused great regret. not only amongst the political personages who had relations with him, bat also in the whole of the society of Paris. He was universally loved and esteemed, and his company was sought after on account of the amuring and safe char*cter of his intercourse. He was an essentially obliging man, most anxious to render service, and avoiding with the greatest attention all that could annoy any person. In society he paid no attention to poiltical parties, being intimate with every one, avd he was everywhere liked. M. de Kis- seleff, though still young, is certainly one of the old- est members of the diplomatic corps of Russia,and one of those who can boast of the greatest number of years of uninterrap' ed service. He first came toParisin August, 1 few days betore the formation of the Polignes ry. He had been sent here as secre- tary of the Rnssian em! , of which Count Pozzo di Borgo was then the h Bat that was not his commencement, for he bad already served in Persia and elsewhere. Nearly twenty five years have since elapeed, during which time have taken place the revolutions of 1830 and 1548. M. de Kisseleff wit- neased them, and bebeld the fconsequences of them successively develope themselves before him. In 1837, Count Pozzo di Borgo, who had ceased to be ambassador at Paris, having been sentin a similar capacity to London, asked for M. de Kiseeleff as his first secretary, which was accorded him. This latter returned to Paria in 1840, with the title of Counsel- lor of Embassy, and soon after Count Pahlea, the being recalled to St. Petersburg, M. de Kisseleff was plasedat the head of the mission as d'affaires, which post he etill held when the » of February broke out. In 1849 or 1860 he was raised to the rank of Minister Plenii 2 tiary, and in 1852 received the title of Envoy Extra- ordinary. M. de Kiseleff had consequently us half of bis life, and it may be affirmed is im France that he has gone through the various degrees of his career. We shall be contra- dicted by a0 one when we aflirm that he loves France q | tion of one of our contem, | some Turkish Ministers had been dismissed, and that | sinuatea | create further delay. Assuredly there could be little 3HCREL TREATIES BETWEEN RUSS31A AYD agp TURKEY, [From ~ Loedoe News, bv 1) In the course yest & “telegraphic mes Pe from Vienna was hed in.a second edi- ies, to the effect that their successors were favorable to s compromise with Russia. The journal which gave to the world this startling intelligense, was accused in the Wiener Lyd, of the 4th inst., of “ publishing idle reports current in the coffee and playhouses of Vienna as telegraphic messages.” Posxibly the story promul- gated yesterday by our contemporary. msy not be of this class ; but when the unanimity of all parties as- sembled in the council at Constantinople to ac- cept war rather than submit to the demands of Rus sia—an unanimity now proved beyond doubt by the publication of Lord Stratford’s des; and their enclosures—is taken into account, It is not easy to imagine where the Sultan could, after the vic- tories of Oltenitza and Citate, pick up a set of ministers disposed to a compromise. all the appearance of a stock-jobbing hoax. Should it, however, turn out to be true—in whole or in part—the cause of eo sudden and uraccountable a change in the Turkish councils will not fail to be in- quired into. It will be asked, has the return of the combined fleets to Beicos rendered the Porte des- | perate of sincere and efficient aid from its Western allies—or have the paltering delays, which have al- lowed the Ruesian government free scope for its ma- chinations during 8 whole year, time and opportunity for doses of Russian gold to operate at stantinople? The statesmen upon whom has de- volved the important task of encountering and thwarting the nefarious designs of Russia, may rest assured that a reckoning will be sternly demanded of them, should the incredible story that Turkey has faltered and given way, at the very moment thatthe tide had decidedly turned in its favor, prove true. All rasa ay present and many futuro genera- tions—will have good cause to execrate all who di- recily or indirectly shal have contributed to any such ome and impotent conclusion. Meanwhile the rumor to which we have alluded, and others of a more vague character which had preceded it inthe esrlier part of the day, are ex- citing out of doors a most painful state of feeliag which may yet lead to grave embarrassments. There lack not numbers who frankly avow the opinion that the courteous postponement of Lord Clanricarde’s question on Monday, and the equally courteous ac- knowledgment of it, with fair promises of speedy revelations, are nothing more than a dexterously enacted ‘‘cross.”” And undivguised astonishment is expressed at the declaration of Lord John Russell respecting the treaty of Unkiar-Skelessi, on Tuesday, that “he had communicated with his noble friend the Foreign Secretary, and was informed that thers was no such treaty in the Foreign Office.” This assertion is passing strange; for we have a lively recollection that in 1835 the Morning Chronicle, then decidedly the orgen and protegé of the whig ministry, had, in articles attributed at the time to the inspiration of the Foreign Secretary, denounced, emphatically and in detail, the suspicious character and dangerous tendency of the treaty in question. Lord Clarendon bas not been long installed in the Foreign Office, and Lord J. Russell occupied it but | fora few weeks; itis a pity they did not consult their more experienced colleague, Lord Palmerston, be- fore they gave up searching for the treaty, and in- Gor that is the natural construction of Lord John’s reply) that the existence of any such treaty was doubtful. Its non ad lee is attributed, by the murmurers before alluded to, alternatively to re- luctance to make public its contents, or to a desire to difficulty in laying hands upon a copy. One was published in Mr. Quin’s “ Voyage on the Danube;”” another in Muirhead’s “Supplement to Martens’ Col- jection of Treaties;” and if such sources of informa- tion are not sufficiently dignified for Mivisters of State, no doubt M. Drouyn de Lhuys could farnish his friends in Downing street with a copy. However negligent the English Foreign Office may be in procuring copies of important treaties affecting the general interests of Europe, the French Foreign Office is never remiss in its discharge of that duty. Besides, it is on record that the attention of tue cabinet of the Tuileries was early directed to the clandestine and insidious treaty of Unkiar-Skeleasi. The treaty bears date the Sth of July; in the course of October, M. De e, the French Chargé d’ Affaires at St. Petersburg, intimated to the Russian recige iat tp be a pre Poel to Hes ress the eep gri r ofonde affliction whic! go- vernment had bot of the conclusion of the ici to protest “ that if the stipulations of that act sh lead subsequently to an armed intervention of Russia in the internal affuirs of Turkey, the French govern- ment would hold itself at fect liberty to ane such a line of conduct as circumstances should dic- tate to it, acting in that case as if the treaty in ques- tion did pet exist; and that an analogous declaration bad been made to the Porte by the French Ambas- sador at Constantinople.” There was, indeed, good cause fur the protest re- corded by ae mans of Frauce. The treaty of Unkiar Skel (a designation derived from the motilated name of Chunkiar Iskelessi—i. ¢., the Em- peror’s Landing-place, the name of a bay on the Asiatic side of the Boephoras,) was extorted from the Porte by the commander of the Russian troops landed there in 1833, ostensibly t> act agsiost Ibrahim Pacha. An attempt was made ty keep the convention strictly secret; but the affsir having got wind, the Porte, which be, to have misgivings as to the prudence of its conduct, commu- nicated a copy to the French ambaszador—a circum- stance slinded to with some bitterness in Count Nesselrode’s reply to M. De Lagrene’s The treaty con: of six articles, and a ‘‘ secret additional article,” which, like the ript of a Jady’s letter, contains the most im: nt matter of the document. | fr ese Let 3 aS ies to per] amity, and pledges them, for the rots defence of their States, to lend each other “material euccors, and the most efficacious assistance ;"’ the second confirms three previous treaties; the third binds tbe Czar to afford naval and military assistance wher called apon by the Sultan; the fourth relates to the joe of expenses; the fifth, that the treaty shall valid for Sen ree, with power to the parties to extend the at or before its expiration; the sixth declares that the treaty sball be ratified in the course of two months, The essential part of the ‘‘secret article” is:—‘‘Inasmuch as the Emperor of All the Russias, willing to spare H the Sublime Porte the expense and trouble which would be occasioned to it if called upon to afford ma- terial succors,,will not demand such succors should circumstances lay the Sublime Porte under the obli- ‘The report has | cause tne full making up of | manifesto thereto appertaining of The French Empire. | OPERATIONS OF TBE BANK OF FRANCE—RAILWAY RECEIPTS, ETO. The Moniteur publishes the account of the opera tions of the Bank of France in 1853, presented by Count d’Argout, the governor, to the assem- bly of the shareholders held on the 26:h ult, It commences by io ig regret at the death of M. Odier, censeur for four years, and of M. Hal- phen, one of the regents, It then makes the following observations :— was the cd speculations of all cially during the firat nine months of the ; hones the travractipns of the bank were insufficiency of th purchases corn to be made abroad; hence a reduction in the metalic eserves has been occasioned. The constant incresse in ‘the im tion of gold has considerably modiGed the na- ture of the metallic circalation of Francs. Formerly this circulation consisted almos: exelusiveiy of pieces of silver; bas ah yeserata in the reserves of the Central Bank, and in the collections made at Paria, golidominetes.” Tae fixity of the reJative value of the two metais has undergone a orrtain alvers tion The report then gives the following details of the operations of the bank :— Ip the year 1847, thet which preceded the last revolu tion, the total operations were greater than they hey ever heen before, amounting to 2,714,000 0buf.; in 1849 they fall to 1,348 000,000f.; in 1852 they rose to 2,640,- 000.COOf ; an‘ tm 1853 atteined the extraordinery amoact of 3 964,000,000f. Thus the lest year exceeded 1847 by 1 250 600 000f. ; 1849 by 2,636 000.000f.; ani 1852 by 1,424,000,000r, The totel amount of commercial bilis dis counted in 1858 was 2 £42,000 0 Of., which was 1,018 000,- 000f. more than im the ing year, The acvances mace on rentes were 216,000,000f.; whereas in the pre- cording year they were. owing to the conversion of the five per cent into four-and-a-belf, 350 000,000f. At the end of th Jd 43,000,000f. of securities ces made on the shares of one 22 600,000f, in 1852 to ‘Tho aivances made on railway the Qu ux 26,000,000 im 1863 shares and bonds, which, in 1862 were 84 000,000/., smounted to 522,000, 000f.; and the amount of such secu: ritiea iz band on the 25th Dsoember last was 84,000, The Ciscount of treasury Dill, whieh, in 1852, amo ed to 7,900,000F. fell to 6,900,0007, ‘which, in 1862, were only discounted t th am ‘of 18 500,(G0f., rose to 246,900,000. The bank in the course of ibe year sent to its biaaches, or dis- tributed amongst the public, 329.030, 0008. ra aes The treasury, on Ist July last. paid the first instalment of 5.C00,¢G0f. on the loan of 75,000,000f. made by the bank io 1862, which loaa is to be paid off in fifieen years. In 1858 the number of bilis paid into the Central Bank for ovrrent secounta, was 717000, and the amount of them 925,000 000r.; this was 155,000,000. more than in 1852 In 1853 the Os; tral Bauk made payments in notes to the amount of 7,488,000f.. an¢ in specie 1,536,000 coor , . @ transfers were 17,075,000,000f,; these items ms! total of 26,049,000 000'.. and they were more by 4,040,000, 000f. than toat of 1862, The meximum of the uri eat account with the treseury was 114,000 000/,, the minimum 39,000,000! , the average 76,000,000f The max imum of the various current accounts was 227,000,000'., the mipimum 132,000, 000f , and the average 172.0( 0,000f. Tre maximum of the metalic reserve was (on 9th June) 684 000,(O0f , the minimum (on 49:h December) 397,000,- OCOf. The decline was continuing, and on the 26th ultimo ‘was 290,(00,006f. After the revolution of 1848 the total amonnt of bills not paid, held by the Central aod Branch Banks, was 84,600,000!.; but of that sum 83.000,CcOf. bas since been paid. A sum of 4,451,000/. bed besides Deen written cif as loss, but 5,800,000f. have siace been reccvere’. The tots] operations of all the braach Darks amunted to 2,096,000,000f,, which was an io crease of 793,000.0001., as compared with 1852 The groe rofits were 7.425 000f, and the net profits 4.682,000". ‘be four establishments whose ope-ations were most im: portant were tor 372,600 000f ; Lyons, for 242 700.000f.; Bordeaux, 167 5°0.000f.; ‘and Lills, 129,700.000f. Four bran sh banks—those of Avignon, Cler- mont Ferrand, Nancy, end La Rochelle—did not cover their expenses by 166.000f. This was owing to extraordi Daty expenses having been recessary, an‘ to the expenses of establishment. Several new branches were aa thorised in 1853, namely, at Ls Rochelle, Nancy, Amieas, Toulon, and Nevers, Toe cividenda, which in 1852 were 118¢., were for 1863 164f. The only years iu which they have been bigher were in 1846 end 1647, whee they were rerpectively 159’, and 177f. total expenacs were 6,630 800’., woich, from the increase of busioess aad branch banks, new constructions and wore more by 1,866 900%. than im 1852. The report conclades by stacog that the bank had created a ssc00d vepot for re- ceiving remtee, abaren, bonds, anu securities of all kinds, and the divicepds thereon, on payment 0: s smell sum annually, and by mentioning that in Octoder last the bark was obliged to reuse its interest to four per cent, aod on the 20th inst. to five per cent. The above is followed by s report from the censors of the bank, testifying to the order and _regulari with which all the operations were conducted, an t> the fidelity with which the standing lations beter hace This aes also ng fe ac- count of the expenses e year; losses for 220,000f., and increase of salaries for 194 i The Montteur also Bi onngere) a return of the re- ceipts of the railways, which it ap) that in 1863 they were 165,803,450, whilst in 1852 they were only 132,490,239f.—an increase of more than 33,000,000f. And this increase is not, it says, solely to the opening of new lines, but gl ne pally from an augmentation of traffic ; thus, for ex- ample, the average receipt, kilometre, was 41 304 1000ths francs in 1853, whereas in the preced- ing year it was only 25 712-1000ths francs, which gives an increare of 15.66 per cent. Italy, We learn from the Genoa papers of Feb. 3 that a Dutch squadron, consisting of the Prins Van Orange ‘ate, 50,'Capt. Stoll, having Rear Admiral Bureias on board; the Doggers Bank, 60, Capt. Dexmit, and the brig Zechone, 12, have arrived in that port. The Corriere Mercantile of Genoa states from gation to furnish them, the Sublime Ottoman Porte, in lieu of the succors due by it under the reci obligation of the public treaty, (traité patent,) will limit its action in favor of the impertal court of Rusia to closing the strait of the Dardanelles—that | is to say, will not allow any foreign vessel of war to | the French garrison at Rome is to be ralsed to 39,000 enter it under sny pretext whatever.” The bearing apd consequence of this stipulation is obvious; the Porte bound itself thereby, whenever Russia went to war with any nation, under any pretext, to arm likewise for the pur) of guarding Rassia from naval attacks inthe Black Gea. By this stipa lation the Sultan was made to declare himself a vassal of the Czar, holding his domains of that Po- tentate by the tenure of military service. This hu- miliating eonsessicn was extorted from the Porte clandestinely—without the knowledge of the other European Powers—at the moment of Turkey's greatest debility, by an armed force which had landed pear the capital, under pretext of defending it against a mighty insurgent chief. Now let us com- rect this movement of Rassia in 1833 with the Mens- chikoff movement in 1863. Prince Menschikoff in the latter year attempted to accomplish what Count Or- loff (mark the name) had accomplished in the for- mer- to persuade the Porte to keep their ne; Hons a secret from the European Powers. Menschikoff s object was farther to persuade the Porte to acknowledge the Czar as supreme arbiter and judge of any dispates,religious or secular, that might arise between it and its subjects of the Greek rite. A treaty recognition of such a jurisdiction, vested in the person of the Czar, would have given that Potentate 8 body of Janisearies ten or fifteen millions strong t» enforce the obedience of the vassal bound by the treaty of Unkiar-Skelessi to hold his territories of him by the tenure of military service. The propased clandestine treaty of 1853 would have been the effec- tive complement of the clandestine treaty of 1833. ‘The firmness of France has (we still cling to the hope), mainly contributed to save Turkey and Ku- rope from such @ consummstion iu 1853, as the watch- fainess and promptitude of Franee (nullifying the treaty of Unkiar- Skelessi by its protest) saved them in 1533. But what shall we say of the ministers who, within these few months, deliberately recom- mended, as one means of ip the nees qj between Saray, Bee Russia, the “ renewal of the old treaties?’ ‘Were they aware of the existence and contents of the treaty of Unkiar-Skelessi? If igno- rant of what has been printed and again in French translations, both of the ‘ish and Rue sian originals, they can Lege A be considered suffi- ciently instructed for their office; if acquainted with the treaty, they can scarcely be acquitted of the charge of being willing to rivet the chains of Russia on tbe neck of Tarkey in order to rid themselves from a troublesome questidn. RUSSIAN FINANCE. The Directing Senate has just published in ita or- gan a ukase subscribed autographically by the Em- peror, calculated to throw some light on the finan- cial operations of the Russian This Ett i fu FE ‘ resuming, ir neg’ ions or reestablishment of peace. which obscure the political horizon clear away, numerous friends of M. de Kissetff at Paris, | having accompanied him with their regrets, | be ali happy to see tim agaln. te government. nkase was signed on the th of January last, and rans u8:— By our manifesto of Jnly 1, 1841, respecting the facili- tat ng of business in the sationel bamin we have or- dsived the ter ue of motes for 30 milloms of siver roubles, anc decree! that opom every soch issae of them the aa- vires barks, ee well as (be mere otile banks, eheald la ae\¢ a eum of rea¢y money, eqval at least to ons sixth the cotes so twued By virtue of our mesiferto of Juse 1842, ten miitons of the of the above: por-s for thirty miltiens soft to the business of the Denke, and twenty millions were placed back as & Ter erve capt * fature issue of which was made vo de- petd UpOM OU Apecial orders Sudsequently, by virtue of gur alaet to the Di-satiog Soumte ca che 9th of Mavck, Milan that 30,000 Croatians are expected in Lom- bardy, and that all the fortresses are receiving pro- visions. The silk trade is said to be dull there, on account of the ecarcity of capital. The Parlamento of Turin mentions a re: that men, snd that quantities of grain are bei chased by the military administration. Bey Spain. Tt was on the 29th ult. that General Manuel de la Concha reached Cadiz. The Queen took a drive on oe ee ie the oe time since her confinement. ler Mo; was in an open carri and was ac- companied by the King. The ‘Dake of Parma reached Barcelons on the 28th uit. A letter says:—General Dulce, who has been ap- pointed director general of cavalry, isthe officer who, in 1841, at the head of some halberdiers, bravely de- fended the palace of the Queen when invaded by the revolted ae. - accounts from the winces are satisfactory, appears certain that General Jose de ia Concha has seat in his ‘ion to the Minister of War, who has referred it to the su- preme tribunal of war. The affair of General O’Don- nell has also been referred to the same court, The English Trade. PROCEEDINGS IN THE BXGLISH PARLIAMENT. Tn the House of Commons on Wedn , February the 8th, Mr. Cardwell moved ‘that the bill for throw- ing open the British coasting trade to foreign ship- ping be read a first time.” ‘The bill was read accordingly without debate, and ibe second reading fixed for the 13th. We annex a copy of the bill:— A BILL TO ADMIT FORBIGN BHIPS TO THB COASTING TRADE. th 0 poods or pasengers shall be carried soastwise from ove partof the United Kingdom to another, except ia British ships: And whereas, by the cne han dred and nine ty first section of the rame act, it is enacted, that mo goon OF paseepgers sball be imported into the United Kiogéor from the Channel Islands or exported from the ygdom to the said islands, or carried from one of the said islands to another, or from part of any of the ral? islands to another part thereof, except in Sritish sbips, And wberess, it is iept to remove the re- avictions costained in the said recited enactments: Be it enacted by the Qaeen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and sotrivaat and with = pedi d ‘end coneent of the Lords tom ar omens, in this present Parliament fica, and by the authority of tbe same, as follower Repeal & the Recited Bnactmenta—The Queen Enabled to Ba erctse Powers. vied, that it to reapect of foreign aforesaid, and of g0008 car 6” OF the like powers as are pi anh ced hi twenty - ree bhuncred aad ti -ointe rrotiona of the said customs consotidation on 188, reepect to foreige ships employed apo of exported er Por 2 fore’ acts trem the roid talande to jrct, as the stores rTeepreta, to the same britah sbtpe whem so employed are a0 « Foreign Shipt not to Subjat tn Higher Rates than British 3. No foreigs ship which, after the prasing of this act, is employed in the trade os aforevsid, nor any goods carried Ii ship, s>all, the time rach ship is 80 be subject to any or other rate of 4: harbor, 4 or other dues, duties, tolls, or what: sever, or to any other rules as to the employment of pi- Jots, or any otter rules or restrictions wi , than British ships employed in bike manper, or carried {in such sbipa, avy law, charter, special pris or grant to the coptrary notwithstarding; nor shall any oor. porate or per.on having or claiming any or title to such ber ot other ar tolls, other ‘harge afore al be sated 6 Mires - tion in res, thereof under Ww OF thereto, ‘ce otherwise Mpesowvers Foreign Steamers 4, Abd whereas it is frigate present state of bills ficti ly ing to abroad, and having recently been engaged in collect- ing information on the subject, he should be much disappointed if he was not able to make a proposal to the house about it during the (Hear, hear.) The Brith Steam [From the Paris Journal de Dedaw. Feb. 8 ih The extraordinary activity with which the British admiralty is laboring to produce armaments of war in the English arsenals begins to produce results which cannot fail to strike every ol however little ascustomed to naval affairs. There dies not pass a week in which it is not announced that some one of those formidable ssrew lice of battle ships, which were building a month ago, is launched, armed, tried as to her engines, and ready te weigh anchor and to sail against the enemy. This is done with a rapidity which is almoet incredible, and which is the surest evidence of the reality of the naval power of England. The navies of other nations may oppose to that of England vessels as well armed as hers, supplied with officers and seamen equally skilful; but no other marine in the world can arm so great a number of ships in so short a tie, and be assured of always presenting iteelf, on every field of battle, with that uperiority in numbers and of maritime quality, whether warlike or mechanical, which is the almost certain promise of victory, and which renders it Pete and more certain the longer the contest con- nes. There is only one opinion amongst the officers who were present at the review of the British fleet, which took place at Spithead last year, as to the immense superiority of screw line-of-battle ipa ver sailing veseels. The compafative trial which were both then put to was overwhelming to the sailing vessels, although they were represented on that occasion by some of the finest vessels on the old system that England ever armed—the Prince Regent and the London, for instance. These, however, were com- pletely eclipsed by their fortusate rivals. By the side of the Duke of Welliagton aud of the Agamem- non they ap; like the relics of another age, steaeen is tof ba" sagen and experiment e en as ; ¥ besides the four guard-ships, in which they had at first studied the merits and properties of the screw, i aay eines ete coe at ellington, the Agamemnon, and the 1. Since that time the Admiralty has com| ly prepared five others of these vessels—the Royal George, of 20 as the St. Jean d’Acre, ol; the Princess Royal, 91; the James Watt, 91; and the Cressy, 81;—and it has also pashed on, with incredible energy, the armament of six other vessels of the same kind: the Royal Albert, 121 guns; the Cesar, 91; the Hannibal, 91; the Nile, 91; the Ex- mouth, 91; and the Algiers, 91,—which will ready for sea in the month of April. Bo that, in leas than seven months, in which three only have been in, » England will pie ey ae st without couning = @ more powerful as- the military marine; it has obeyed the same tendencies; and, now that it Se ee ey wan ereane the life and nation, it has been able to infinitel than at urces: greater its history. Pormeniy it was a iblic administration, enjoying a ity in return for the gl pore te eat’ ay schol yk some for , Wi every year took a large sum trom the budget, but which expended it according to its pleasure, in closed arsenals, without any intimate tie with commerce and general indus- try. Now the English admiralty is in continual con- tact with evi rogress of physical sciences, in chemistry, and mechanics; it exists in community with all the industries, with the innumerable establishments in which the metals are employed. One of the most important consumers of their products, and, con- sequently. one of the customers whom they have the most reason to consider and to satisfy, it has become one of the directors of their labors. It has thus suc- ceeded in rendering them the assistants of its ar- sepals, the creation of which cost it notaing, although their products come to it twenty, thirty, and even one hundred per cent cheaper than it id form them itself; although, ina time of pressure, they place at ite disposal means id, more powertal, than all the other workshops of the world. which has created the le Robert Napier, of Penn, Miller and Ravenhill, ot Maudsley and , of Robert Stephenson, of Watt, of Fawcett, and of so many others; but the 100,000 horse power of steamers wuich it has caused them to construct for it, during the last twenty a has itt whlch explains bow Hogland, though copying it is wi ex; w En; a emplo; fewer workmen in her own weenais than the Ministts of Marine of France, for instance, can in a moment create an energy and a power of production which Teave far behind it those which are seen in other countries. ‘This is one of the principal points of union of the English marine with one of the branches of the na- uoval activity, which, in all its ramifications, em- ploys the greatest capitals, occupies the greatest vumber of havds, interests the greatest number of men in the country. There are also others which we i cite, but for the present we content ourselves with mentioning another which does not less deserve our attention, inasmuch as, in the event of war, it also represents resources of which it would be diffi- calt jostly to estimate the importance, and yet which, when we examine things properly, has not cost any sacrifice—we mean those magnifi sent lines of ocean stenmers, which have been established for postal purposes between England and all parts of the world. Instead thinking ot posseasin; ive tf soo one the sae has Caggen omn vate means of grants, whic! =n mentee ae a year. Is ao cre- ated , whose capital now amounts to many hundred snillions of franes. A great source of riches th immense advan- has thus been created; and tages which it brings t» the political power, the BE commerce, the ind , and the financial sapremacy of Great Britain, ld more than compensate the treasury for ite i com whi and the rest is more id by the customs the valuable of these steam- Pes investment; aod, io ssdltt Me baying ond 5} by ion ae , the admiralt has bean shle to E star tinople, woul to they ld he. !th, in the plenitude of their vigor, which would that interests England in the | army, starting in steamers from Southampton and after of twelve days, shores sect’ Bosphorus: with that of the Russias ‘corps ful, and which appears to have left a large meu and its materials in the snows of Rr ! — Dis>sters to British Anlpping tor: Four Years — Large Number of 7 one. (From Wilmer & Smith’s Bor 4, Fed 11] A list of casualties to Brit 1: gaa, 4; powder, 1.... Plordezed by pirates and ‘destroyed Taben pose:sion of by convicts and wrecked. Struck by a whale abandoned ‘Struck by a waterspout Total. Driven ashore, but got off agein. Collision at sea, Wereked,, Foundered, Bornt... Partially t Total. One consoling fact in this that but few accidents have occurred to ships abl; Tanned and commanded; out of the 12,000 and od casualties, only sixty-four are recorded against ships of 700 tons and upwards. This is not merely in con- sequence of their size, but simply because in most large vessels greater care is shown in the selection of a crew and in the alae of a competent com- mander. Nearly all the losses have been sustained by vessels ranging from 90 to 500 tons, because these are the description of craft most likely to be sailed economically!—are often weak handed, and liable to be commanded by men ig few reeommenda- tions for filling the office of captain, except being part owner. Sailor Robbers VOYAGR OF THE NEW YORK SHIP UNIVERSE. [Feem the Liverpool Times. Feo. 9 By a reference to a police report, published in yesterday's Northern Daily Times, it will be seen that six seamen were, on Tuesday, committed to prison, for a period of two months each, on a charge of pled) their fellow seaman and some of the pas- sengers of the ship Universe, on the homeward voyage from New York. We refer to this case, because the facts there de- tailed illustrate one of the most nefarious systems of plunder ever practised — one which has hitherto escaped punishment, although, in a great measure, the victims have been the poorer classes of emigrants who sail from this port for the United States. Strange as it may sound, and inconsistent as it may seem, to those who look au; the sailor as the beau ideal of honesty, honor, an believe we are correct in stating that a system organized robbery is now being carried out on board our emigrant ships, ies who asgume that title, the extent of wi ty Reolately startling. 4 Some men who to be sailors are thieves by Pril to which we allude, the result may be of the most serious character. The mode of action ado) these scoundrels seems to be as follows:—They ship here or at New York, generalfy to the number of four or six to each ship. A previous arrangement as to united action renders them formidable, not only to the crew, but to the officers. On the outward voyage to New York they oes the unfortunate emigrants tothe utmost rb le i A mages Sp —_ to be omnes for the gang in any one ey generally leave in New York, and join another ship, On the home- ward voyage they rob their shipmates and again de camp, seeking fresh amis amongst the unfortanate people who happen be on board the vessel upon The existence of the which they are next engaged. oe pees ne been unknown, but it has hitherto, in tot nance, vent the action of the richly deserved its utmost ey success, and unrestrained fear of punishmet the six rascals with whom Cay Bird, the able and experienced commander of the Universe, was cured on his voyage from New York, seem to have reached the very climax of audacity, for, not con- tent with ap) g the wearing apparel of the other seamen, actually forced a pair of from the ears of an unfortunate Frenchman, happened to form one of the crew! We are delight- ea to finda man of Captain Bird’s standing grap- ling, and successfully grappling, with evil, yy securing the punishment of those men. He de- serves the thanks of the community, and we trast his oe will be generally folio’ by his brother commanders in the emigration trade. A few more such wholesome examples would operate beneficially on the class known to seamen as the forty thieves. Mr. Hawthorne, the American Consul, was present during the proceedings in the police court. {From the Giargow Mai, Feb 9] A di case of fraud war yesterday brought under the notice of Bailie Gilmour, at the Central Po- lice Court, in which & seaman, named William Grif- fin, was charged with defrauding two men of color, named Nathaniel Collins and Jacob Williams, out of a large quadtity of wearing japparel. The prisoner Sa tena ager = jew Yor! ¥ : that and messmates on a in course of which sented to them his mother resided in this city, and that she would wash for them. For this avowed purpoee he carried off the clothes of the two strang- ers, but sold them, fel aimee the proceeds to his own use. The charge was clearly proved, and the magistrate, erm | in strong terms upon the utter heartiessness exhibited by the prisoner in imposing upon his ri cy a ins country, gee him to imprisonment for sixty days, with Foreign Miscellany. The Wiener Lloyd of the 4th inst. remarks that in the _ mpi ES but more especially in the Times, all sorts of idle reports current in the coffee and playhouses of Vienna, are published as telegra- phic despatches. Thus we read to-day in the Times, that Count Orloff has endeavored in Vienna to ob- tain leave for .a Russian corps d’armée to march to ‘Turkey via Presburg. Such absurd fictions as this, the falsehoed of which is »alpable, afterwards become the subjects of elaborate political arguments. There are at this moment in the French navy, 2 admirals, 11 vice admirals, 20 rear-admirals, 36 cap- tains of the first class, 74 captains of the second class, and 227 captains of frigates—in all, 370 supe- rior officers. The Brussels Herald says:—The Russian Princess Lieven, #0 many years one of the leaders of the haut tow inthe French capital, and relict of the former minister of that title at our court, has just arrived at Broasels (Hotel de Bellevue), where other Russian families have srrived, or are expected, to await the course of events. The LE gen ton (Eng.) Jowrnal, of Feb. 8th, re- marke:—It affords us much pleasure to be able to state, that all th our own government cannot see the advantages of this port as a packet station, that of the United States can. A line of American pack- ets, belonging to the United States, has long traded boa bocdaton! New York, Southampton, and Havre. company have decided to withdraw their from Southampton, and they will for the future disembark their mails and passengers at this port. One of the largest diamonds known was deposited on Tuesday, the 7th inst, atthe Bank of England, by a Lendon house, to whom it was consigned from Janeiro. Its weight is 250 carats, and its esti- mated value. according to the scale, £280,000. It is said to be of the finest water, and without flaw, and was found by a negro alave, who received his freedom as a reward. A Portsmouth paper of the same date says:—Con- poe were taken hens, of the Seon w ‘aptain Sw itendent Courtenay, Clarenee Vievaal Establishment, Gosport, 1,500 quarters of wheat, at an average of 888. 64. yer quarter. The Clarence yard is in most active waa, a al oe alae "Om oe ex in ten 4 dred fine bullocks are cre tenet thirty of which are yt @, the finest parts toe beasts, for provisions for the navy. Biscuit making, bammock bedding makivg, and storing provisions of every description for the fleet, are | cE i Ht i i i f i f i ES I I I é HY Z a ef iH # ge ze i | i : a #8 s = = fl E i F i aE ul 5 : H i 5 E 8 B Fee Ee Hs a E f } | Ee ee 3 : ; E : i i g i H H rie = RF a ayes ot Lisi] g § avd St. Louis Railroad 90. Cocuwaat is dull, and 78 bags Mexican at public sale real Deeenn se bean BA: Sie allver, and 4s. 64.0 4s, Cocoa —680 54a. found buyer am dared. hy the sound‘ ha done small, Last week’s at ot English wheat was 2s. 84. on 77,098 quarters returoed, against 460. 1d. om 99,966 quarters the ‘week last we quote American red wheat white a 886. per quarter. american flour 428 per bbl. In floating there is not much doing; a very fine car- fo cf Ibratla sold at 71s.; mew Polish Oiesie 72:.; Odean rive; St. Petersburg clean, £44 10s, a £45, Inpico.—The quarterly sales, comprising 14,402 ehests, ‘began om the 7th inst., and are still proceeding, with a small attendance of buyers, who show grest reserve im their biddimgs, owing partly to the atate of foreign politics. Thus far 4,767 chests of which 2.116 chests have been sold, 1,830 and 1,389 bought is. leaving, 9,685 chests HEE arhat i ef the week in rails at £7 (6s. a £8, £810s.. and the market is firm at pig, 780 for mixed numbers. Be juality. Drought 9x. 4d. = 4a, 6d. SvG4R —The © has been rel 3 olé 2% Se 88 oa °F ‘Txa is without and holders are frm. Common comgou 1s 1d., with but few sellers. Tw is steady. English block 130s., bars 131s., refined 182s. ; 60 tons straits sold for errivel 125s. 6d.; Banca 131s, ‘Tcxrantins —Rough is firm at 14s. 7d. American spirits 66s. 6d. RICHARDSON, BROTHERS AND CO.’s CIRCULAR. Livmroot, Feb. 10, 1864, ‘The weather has turned to frost again. Our suppl es cf wheat continue small, and moderate of flour, Since Tuesday the trade has been quiet as to Lon do not evince sey prewing dete toll tbat vi flour, or Indian corn, notable change has tanen pissy ta the vals. spate Our foregn supplies since the 6th consist of 2,965 ax 4 23,000 bbls. flour; and the export of corm ia pericd 8,260 quarters. ‘The same teeing regarding wheat and flour which le Boted above ‘thin cay’s market, abeenee of any transactions of imp riaces we make change in the value of either from cur quotations Tuerday. The show of samples wae amal/, and of Gao wheat seanty; and bad sellers been disposed to comesde en abatement of 6d. on flour there were buyers prepared to go in for quantity, Wheets were irmly held. Inviam Cory in Hmited request, amd ship percels were yrocorable ata reduction 61. to In. por 480 ibe OaTumat quite for local cousamption. Oats slow sale at 344, to 1d, redaction. Eoyrmian Baans participated in the dall state for other fecoig articles. P. &.—Two cargoes of ostmea] were reported as seld for a a oon eet on 8 346. 64 Imports from abroad since this day week, qearters wheat; 22,960 3 31,100 and 1,700 eacke fiowr. Exports in same jvarters wheat; 16,349 quarters corm; 2,290 bbis., for Americsa caveun ot bg Mn me we quote d. @ 128. 94 for fine = 12s, 64 » Cavadian, lis. 10a. aie. a lt, 4d. Flour—Onio, elphia, aad 42s, 6d. ex warehouse; Westerns, No. Ex +hip, parcels of each 61. less. Ispiay Conx,—White, 400. o 408. 64.; yellow, 49s.; 48s, Ga. +x ship; fire Galats, 60s. per 490 Ibs. (LOVERSEED continues dull, American old we stil! quote at 608, a 520. and new, Sie. 0 578 6d. Quarcrraon Bark —In jie we have beard of mo sale 60 bags Baltimore cold privately; at auction there ‘was no bid for 600 bags offered. Linn being searce on the ht 576, @ 58a. for ee ‘170 tors, for ” ber deat owt. Tier be trees of sew ‘ Domivic’s” sold at 118., aoc some of “Brown’s,”’ late ': Hoff’s,’’ at 112s. 64.; mo soles of copsrquence im old beef Posk—Some parcels of Yestern and Eastern pork, of len Wesadl te oe tee Oe we wold at 436 per barrel ; 66s. vas the dic for one of the finest parc+ls, 50 barrels of enjerior new Eastern sold at 734. 64, and 60 Fre. ch at 858. per barrel. Bice is quite reglected, 200 b: of Arracan sold at 1ée, Toe aa ine sunt. serie tons sold at (it ie ap pord) 188 a 188 8d per ews. see earnest Bs man! © new % bat fo lor and low qualities are unsalesabie arate have com mamced more attention : although not qaoted dearer, +vireme rates were paid. The sales to the trade ress 4) 530 balea. Specuistors took 12300 bales of whia 1 5.000 were Sarate ; exporters, 6,500 bales. 7