The New York Herald Newspaper, February 16, 1854, Page 2

"THE STEAMSHIP AFSIGA ASHORE. AFFAIRS iN EUROPS. OUR LONDON AND PARIX COSRESPONDEN: TRE TROUB ES ¢F Ps NCE ALBERT, &e., don de. We rerret to lears that tbe eteamehip Africa Is ashore, After Isy'ng at anchor at the Southwest Spit for mearly forty hours im the fc yerterday morning weighed ‘anchor, aod nndertook aie ber dock at Jersey City, ‘At about 9% o'clock, when between Bailos's and Ellis’ Islands, nearly bal’ ® mie ou) of her coarse, ant aboat three miles from her dock, she went agroum’ where the water is rine feet Ceep at b gh tide. She draws twenty one fect of water, and is fraly em- bedded in the mud, with her bow lifted. One of the ship’s boats wae immediately seat to Jerse City, and in a short time Captain Woolsey, Saperiutendeat of the ferry, despatched the ferry poat Aresseon for the passengers, She returned just before 12 o'clock, with the matls amd the passengers and their baggage, and Isodes them at Jersey City, About 200 men were immediately sent dowa to aid in lightening her, by sensing her cargo ashore iu steam tugs and lighters ‘The steam tugs made several trips frem the Africa to Jersey City during the afternoon, Several lighters were also around the steamer, ani would take out the cargo an speedily aa porsible. Our London Correspondence: Lonvos, Friday, Jam. 27, 1854, THE REPLY OF THR CZAK TO TH ENTRANCK OF TUB COMBINED FLEBTS INTO THB BLACK SBA —XUS3LAN INTRIGUKS—STATH OF AFFAIRS —PBACE PROSPRUTS AGAIN, BTC., BTC. When | last wrote # courier was closeted with Baron Brunow, from St Peersburg. As I imagiaed, be was the bearer of a sort of answer to the aotification of the en- france of the combined ticets of France and England into the Black Sea. 1 have itslicised the word sort, for in fact it fs no anewer at all—it ie an evasion. The Cuar replies by a question, The Emperor does not regard (he thinks it prudent not todo so) the entrance of the ‘leets ag a casus belli; at least pot until he tas received explanations, He ixstructs Brunow ani Kisselefl to demend from the English and French governments, respectively, woat their intention: are—whether they purpose aiding Tarkey or simply to observe a etrict neutrality Now, the Orr is perfectly aware that the orders of the admirals are to protect the Turkish coast, end io praveat, by force if ne- eossary, the Russian {let from attackisg Turkish vessels, Moreover, the combinet Msets have eonvoyed « Tarkish squadron with troops and ammunition What further explanations the autocra: wants people d) not under stand. We learn by telegrapb, under d. of Coastaatl- mople, Jan. 16, that a Russies ¢asdron is ailing off Ana- ps, and another near Katia, (near the strait which joins the Black Fes with the Sea of Asof) Now | these Russian vesesis will in all probability come @croas the Turkish squadron conveying — troops | to Batoum. If it is true that the Rassian sdmirale orders are not to avoid an eogsgement, the thread of the question willbe cut by the firet shot fired ) am told that the Crar in seriously alarmed at the turn things bave taken, The Tarks bave thrashed his troops at | Kalefat, againat odds, as they did at Olteni:za, He has | not bien able to maiatain a single inch of groandon t right, or Turkish side of the Davubs; and if the Western | Powers declare war he is done for in Asis, as they can cat | off his supplies, help Schamy! in Cis cass: The Turks have ove weak poiat. They want monty, Namik Pacha, who is now at Loog’t Hotel, Bon? street, cannot raise loan, All the great Jew bankerahere da- cline, for fear of offending the Emperor of Rawia, It war was once declared I doubt not that the money would be Taised by subscription or other rise. The object of the Czarin not going to war atonce ts | also to wear out Turkey ins fimancial point of view, to gain time, and to carry on bis irtrigues with Austria and | Prussia, ani with France He has sent his confident, Count Orloff, to Vienna on » special mission; and is trying his hand in Paris to excite the Bourbon papers on the one hand to protest against war, an:.on the other, by poft-soldering Louie Napoleon by promises of eternal friewdship and support, he hopes to break off his alliance with Hogland. Louis Napoleon has shorn bimesl! not the man ty be bamboorled by his cher frere a St Peers. bourg. Lord Clarencon has, also, it is raid, given a very curt rep'y to Brunow. The Emperor, (he said,) may put what interpretation he thinks ft upom the entrance of the combined fieets—they, meantime, will act and prevent his ships from touching the Tarks. In s few days Parliament meets, and the noble Lord will hay te doto reply to the interpellations whioh ai prepared for him. You will find a very interestirg letter from Kalefat in the Daily News of Wednesday Inst. The Tarks fought like heroes, and are masters of the whole country round Ke Jofat, Prince Gortschakoff has sent for a¢ ditional troops, ‘and another grand attack was to take place oa the 18th of January. There is a report that the Russians had taken the city and fort cf Kars, in Ama, I do rot credit It Admiral Carry’s fleet bas left Lisbon and gone to sea, The armaments, naval and mi itary, are continued in England and France with unabated astivity. The fands and stock: have gore up considerably in eon sequence of the evasive answer of the Crar, and of the | mission of Count Orloff to Vienna, and also because Kin feleff does not absent himself from the balla at the Tai leries. He has, however, alrescy hinted that he feels the symptoms of a (diplomatic) fever, and thats litle change | Of air will nece itate his tem orary adaeace from Paris, ip which case, as fevers are catching, Brunow will proba biy try the Cheltenham waters, cr go to Bath. ‘An smbassator extraordicary from the United States to the Ottoman Porte is reported te be on his way to Con- ing Ouskman is drawing good houses at the Haymar- ket theatre. Foars are entertained that a cheriva:i will be givem to Prince Albert on the Slst., om the occasion of the opening of Parliament. Our Paris Correspondence. Pass, Jan. 26, 1854 The Eastern Question—Exhaustion of Turkey and her Alieget Disposition to Treat—Eforts to Prewnt the Despatch of the Expeditionary Corpt—Tha Loan—The Duchess of Orleans’ Leticr—Mr. Mason in his Court Livery —Bails—Theatres, cle. Do not be astonished if at each arrival of the steamers you find the political sitnation deranged. It seems to be the attribute of thie Eastern question to present cach day ‘a different azpect, because the honor of the great powers which is engaged in it is in contradiction with their ma terial interests, which are for the moment pesco aad traa- quillity. Rassia alone bas « direct ictereat in the contin. pation of hostilities; Dut she is nevertheless aware of the risks that she uns. The bartheo of my !ast despateh was warlike, but now circumstenoes prevent the ensenile Of a pacific situation; tals situation is, however, more ap- parent than real. The reply of the Czar is less first suppoeed it would be. The autocrat of the North overwhelms with compliments the autocrat of F-anoe, congratulates bim (n the services that he has rendered to society, and declares that be dces not sonsider the entry of the combine flesir into the Black Sos a a cause of war, Inshort, he contents himerlf with demanding ox- planations as to the fact of the Higlieh and French fleets convoying Turkish vessels carryiog troops and arms to Asia, These explanations are supposed to have been found satisfactory, for rince then M. Kissele? bas beem dinieg at the Tuileries. It is even said that he is suthoriz:d to negotiate, However this may be, it is certain that his departure is delsyed, ‘and a good deal of remark has been excited by the fact of | bis baving asked for cards ‘or the ball that is to take piace at the Hote! de Ville or Saturiay fhe came oxeg- | erated views have been taken of what is cousi teed to bs | & lees unfavorable attitude on the part of Aastris and | Prussia, vis ovis of France and Bag! and it fs thought There is no They hava orly re- who wiehed to rally wseacing than it was as The Czar continues hi . vances with the steps rds unhappy Tarkoy. # warlike preparations of noe ls inexorably refaned to all who ask for it; but there is nevertaviess @ denoaemect tmmi nent, whick might réncer all these preparatioos ne n¢ send troops, and arms, and meg, to | aa | panic which occurred at the Exchange in London, more and more prevails, that the solution of the question is not yet that the Czar will temporize if there be the remoteat possibility of doing so. The affair of ths Thetis, at Spit- head, where Admiral Richard Dundas, himeelt @ Lordof the Adoiralty, formally appealed to the men on the pies of | mixd for the gorgeous spectacle thi | at once isto the ball room, whore glistening and curiously | tolleites, male aud female, formed to ber suesour. snd if the allied fleets oor fine themselves to marcruvering in the Back Sea, she will abamdoa her- self to dveourgement ant send, as the | zar proposes, = plemipolentiary fo Gurtechek: Wil tuis redound to the hor her abies? Besives tbis moral abandonment of the Ports by the Powers who bave epcouraged her in her presen! ooures,whe oply slernatives that remain are a patched up peece, whieh the an bition of Russia wil! soon break through, or war. If some grea’ changes should resuls from tae lat ter ip the map of Kurops they will justify an expressive attributed toM. Goisoton the ensemble of Esstorn question, warcely—that * wilt greater inoapaclties eve brought abont graate: ” The want of money is atill felt severely. The rumor of a Jo\nt loan to be contracted by England and France, {a de- nied; buts lown of lesser amouet is kupossd on the Bank of France by the government, aod it is propoasd to #ah soribr it in paper money. There ine strong resistances to the mossure in the eouucil of administration of thie great fivancia) ertabishment Tt in said, and] ¢ reacon to believe thet the state- ment ie correct, that General Bareguay d’Hilliers has en- tered into oonditiowal contracts with some Armenian and Greek houses, for the supply, during three months, of aa anny of forty thoussnd men and ten thousand horses. The deliveries are to be mace at Candia j | | | | rome, and subsequently divoread. 4 Paris correspondent of the Jadepndence Malor siatar, | that it was positively affirmed to him that oa the Sih inst. Austria and Prussig addressed to the Czar a joint note, in which they declare expliclily that {t is impoari- blo for them to give him any support. and that ifevena | should take the torn which they fear, Austiie and Prus sia are formal’y resolved to follow the course of Feance and England, | I have been credibly informed that the letter baaring the name of the Duchess of Orleans, and which lately made fo much noise, was forged in and approve! at the po ice before it was sent ty London for publixa ‘ion Galignani, to whom it wat first presented, rafised to in- ser: itin bis paper untll it was first publiahed in Eog- jac At the ballat the Tuileries given the evening after Mir, Mason, the United States Minleter, preesoted hia cre. dentials to'the Emperor, his lady was introduced at oonrt, and presented to the Emp-ees about thirty American ladies. Toey comprised some of the most beautifal wo mien at the Dail. ¢ were nearly two hundred of our count-ymen and their ladies present. The costuina worn | by Mr. Mason consisted of a bine ooat trimmed with gold | lace aud the American button, Hia trowsera, which were of white cassimere, weregelso trimmed with a gold by He wore & socked hat with the American coskaie, sword. On Saturday next, the Prefect of Paris, M Hanssmaa, gives @ grand ball, to which all the distinguished persons e invited, The Emperor and Emprega will be ad a present. Mr. Warden, the representative of the largs importing house of Messrs. A T. Stewart & Co., gave on Monday last splendid ball, to which about thrse hundral parsoes, consisting principally of Americans, were iavited. Tae apartments were splendidly decorsted, and offered a mag nificent coup dail. Amongst the diatleguished persons present were the Prince and Princess Ghiks, of Moldavia. One of our fair coustry women, Misa Philipsa, of Phila delyhia, Baa just taken anto herself « Feeach hnsbant M. de Servis, who holds some offlce uader the muaictpa- lity of Paris. Tt in anid that te Palace of Industry, aow in progress of erect‘on in the Champs Elysees, is too small for { purpose for which it was destined, apd that au immense additional building will be constructed in the Champs de Mars for the exhibition of 1855. In the theatrical world there fe nothing particalarly strikirg, Tke Grand Opera comtiones to live on the cnri osity excited by the dou of Sophie Ornvelli, The box office of the theatre is regularly besieged by the dilet- tanti acd M. Roqueplan is cololeg money. His conc uc’ | towards Madame Tedesoo, in dispossenwing her of her ereseing rocm in favor of Ocuvelli, haa givea rise to suit, wbich has been referred back by the tribuaal to Imperial Commisaire and the Mininer of S:ata’ seems that in addition to bis other overous fauctia Fould bimaelf administers the affairs of the theatres. is seid that at the Francais ‘and conelndes or ¢ iar A work of Meyer beer’ otle du No. d,’’ is in course of preparation st the Opera Comiqus; but it remaigs to bs seen whether it will repay the fire months of rehearssl that bave been devoted to it, to the exclusion o! every other novelty. It he even makes the repertoire, the eng» gemants of the arti ta, Pasis, Jan. 26, 1854. Tad of Admiral Dundas’ Speech om Military Circles tn Paris—Grand Bail at the Tuileriea—Description of the | Scere by am Eye Witness. Up tothe hour which I write, we have no news of a | re on the much vexed subject of Eastern A belief, such ss I hinted in my last, spite of the an approachirg war with Russia, produced a sensible effect in all military circles here, by whom the question of peace or war is considered to be mersly one of days. Though there has arrived no official intelligence from the Danube all accounts agree that the Russians are de- termined to strike in that direction with the whule weight of thelr power, and the greatest amxiety exists on the subject. Accounts are so absolutely contradictory that to cetaii them would be really neediesely to occupy your time. Avother of those magnificent assemblages, whose amb!- tion seems desirous of concentrating in one grand coup d@oal the luxurious state and gorgeous pageantry of those palmy days when the Grand Monarque, in the height of his gory, sat in the midst of the most brilliant court ef Christerdom, took place at the Palace of the “uileries ast Mosday evecing. On thin occasion the grand staircase was flanked by sections from the different regiments at preent quartere? in Paris, who, with predated arms, welcomed the Heges and the strangers whom the Expsror delighted to honor to the splendid fee prepared for their reception, Few things can be more striking, even to an hatitue in such matters, than the ascent to the brillisnt- ly illuminated reception rooms up this suberb escalier. The almost Kasterr deference with which the guest is re eeiveé—the grim contour of the guards, in their attitude of respectful still life—the si’ent foot-falis on the rich car- peting of those fragile fairies of the scene, who, in all the {reehness of toilettes compritieg everything that exqul- site art and imagination oan cesire, slowly and gracefully accomplish the gradetions which conduct them to what might not be inaptly termed ‘ The Field of the Cloth of Gold,’’ all produce au effect admirably suited to prepare the waits it. You enter inlaid parquet seems to invite the most unl titioner in the art toeesay his skill in the mazy dance; then you pasa to salon, waose embroidered silk cushions and aoft yielding carpets of Govelin fabric, glowing in all tte luscious colors of that renowned texture, tempt ‘on to a state of quiescent enjoyment of which Epicuras Rimeelf could scarce have dreaiisd, Aud now, as with lingering steps you move forward midst a fair,tarong, garlanded with flowers, escorted by gallant sabreurs, ie splendent {o all tke blazonry of military honors, you enter the celebrated Salle des Marichaus, which, as it is the abidiog place of the imperial how’ and hostess, 1s," in- Gesencent of ita splendor, surpassing description, the scene of engrossing interest. Ae yet the chairs upon the dais are vacent, and ws may be permitted to look around for s minute on the motley soene of almest barbaric gorgeousness which meets the eye—if indeed, that eye can sustain the flood of light which falls from those gigantic lus uspanded from the lofty height of the room, and which shed their efalgeat and burning rays upon it ‘Immediately before you stand the four colosral caryatioks. whish on either side dais lift up their golden forms as though they wi sentatives of your own Uslifornia; over i gallery sit the personages who, on this oo: casion at least, dispute the palm of importance with roy- alty itself, namely, the lords of the harp abor and scul-movigg viol. Taen lock on that strange aod motley multitude, in colors gay and varied aa the prism! sons of France are there, many of them in garbs that would have puszied am anaious mother to identity ner own offspring anc there were Eogiishinea there too, who found themreives suddenly equeezed icto uniforms whose gsy and martial colors met wich but little sympatny im the soldier like carriage of the wearer, And there were Greeks and Armenians—ay, and Jews, Turks and Infidele— all babited in their appropriate costume, and that of » character which paver erred on the side of ask of rish- pere, And doitel ip among thore were nymphs and venerable dames, attired ag l'reach women only tired, wih a taste whick, while it exrrolses ita | fiant of expense, is never, s among other nations, p: mitted to de sabdservient toit This phalaox of curious semi circle, leaving & space of come coven yards breadth betweea it and the dais. Aud pow, @xastly as the pendale sounds the oalf hour after pine, ® moving to acd ‘ro is sean of the cham +rising, who, babited in richly embroider catlne, white inexpressiblee and silk stockings are alone per- mitted to tread within that charmed or hailowed arma. Alow murmuring tattoo of the drnm ie heard, eve y voice is bushed, when the Duks of Bastano hie Majesty's gracd chamberlain, utters the magic word ‘i’ &mp-ror,”” when out gueh forth the inspiring straias of the orones tra acd, emerging from his crowd of quests, bending to him in respectful ealuta'ion, steps forth Napoleon IIl., condnoting the Dowager Duchess of Baden, follows by ths ex King Jerome, who leads the gentle aod ay!pb-like form of the Express, Napolecn was drecned asa Field Mor shal, with high military toota aad spur; Eugenia wore a rode of cerclian blue covered with three lace flousons, tach) unce ornamented with s ghirlande of smal! pink roses, in the centre of each roee ® diamond. The ooraage was tripmed in a similar manner, aed on the back of the bead was grouped one large bonqnet ‘samme flowers, lurtreus with brilliante, The coticr was formedof three pendants of dismomds of rare rise and dazzling magnitoence, The tout ensemble was ravissant, and expres: sions of admiration heard from ledies who bore on their oF m persons the undoabted evidence of their right te commend or eritici For a few m‘nutes the imperial party, with the damas d’hommewr, remained stauciog—an arrangement which raed prac and rudder pe ee oll farther discussions on this Kaatera acstion. Purkvy tsat the end of her resources: the declares | the 4 reduced w treat, and tf an expedieumary corps bv assistance thé sr ilk soon | Fae tbat this satewet is | ntly denied by Vely Pasha, the Ambassador of the | Por @ to this court» weil messing sort of man of | Uttle capacity; but the fact is mot the le certain ‘There is ® pba cewire maeifested in militery elrcias here to ree this corps despatched at once, sad there ty the Koprean did net at first appear te comprehend, for on at once taking ber reat on the oft fauteuil waich wsemed | so temptirgly to invite her, she recsived a playfal poke from the Dacheer of Baden, w2ich ime laughing to hor feet again The preparations for the firat quadrille wore all the importsnc ‘the arrangement of Lise at w tournament. The semi circle I have before dee eribed drew in {ts borne and formed s line, so that « ape cious oblong inter veued between it snd their msjesties The chamber laing flitted ser ps, and beld cccasional com ately brought her much eagerness amongst the French offieers to be rent out | munioations with the E 1peror—the music pansed, and with if, that the heads of the War Dapartment have been | thers wax evideutly some lnk ting in the costiy obliged to close the doers of their buresax agaics! @vorr | chein \dy Cowley, who (wad seated next to the one wea: uniform, in order that they may get time t) | ex Kiog Jerome. ero to make an inquiring breathe. The representatives of Austria and Prussia, bov- | sweep with ber ji neo the mystery was at once ever, acting ins apirit of ostensible neutrality, use strea | eolved by the appearscce of the Eng Ambassador, nous 6: 4 with the French goreroment to prevent | Lord Cowley, who eop mourning, except that his the dexpateh of there troops, and the Csar also seeks to | Excellency’s sable ovat covered with the usual state retard it by lea M. Kisneletf La Parts to diplomative in | embroidery of gold, proorsded directly to offer bia homage bisoame. If T 1 ROWeYer, Gove mot Ree troops arcive | to he Bupres# na hor partuer, the Emperor leading out | aot), ooh governments will convey ‘heir “categorical” am awor to the Russian qrestion We may, ress | | onr perfect confidenor that they will leave no mistake as | | \ | eries. the Prinoess Mathilde, The quedriile was for med of eight persoma only, and Napoleon who had jnet before been lo close conversation with the Kassian Ambassador. spps- rently was so pra ceeupisd abou! the “big booted Osar’? that be made more than owe mistote in the dence, oces stoping not @ Little hilarity among tas otherwise soleme ststelinges of the imperial! end aabassetorisl brotuers The American Minister did not assist on this ooasion nor wea Mr. Sandford there, tr eir Gress wonld have relieve of tbe different forelgr mfsisters sbundant as umal. ore It there were & aprt on this sun like soene Of feativivy, {8 was ahead ‘are cid not seem to be Refreak nents the usmal care tm the pr tupper room. The compasy could bw of igs than acre 6,000 parsous, andl, pslite xe undoubtedly are, whes is ton: entirg and city id thay beooms vo mentioned that ths Eoglich Ambassador's mourning costume was caused by the death of the Merobionens of Weilesley, formerly Misa Pattison, of (I believe) Now York, and sister of the tscy married to the ex ktag J3- od a somewaat ppuler eotneldence tl ie evening, ahould he was in mouroing ter one who, propsi)y, was hi ty's sister-in law A counoil of Ministers was held yesterday at the Tall The Minister of the United St ence of Prince Napoleon op Toantay Whe Latest Diplomatic Move of the Czar. (From the London Giobs, Jan. 27 } The Csar Nicbojas is osrésinly the moter Protens — now s bear. now & ronniug stream—cr apything thatis most voluble and most slippery. The only danger would be if @ 100 candid diplomacy abould ever fancy it had xed him 'Ul he was fairly bousd, hand aod foot, or that bis plausible subterfuges could be ever exhausted. “Ruyticusexpeciat dam dedaast amnis, at ille Labitur et labetur.’’ Ths Berlin correspoedent of s morning contemporary publishes the following version of the latest last word from 8. Petersbarg—* That the Emperor, 0a reesiving a direot ceclaration of neutraliiy from the two “maritime powers,” would be willing to treat’? ‘Tats,’ adde the Gerrexpondent, ‘would hs so opposed to the whole leading inter tions of the Menschikoff agcression that it requires ucdeniadle cosfirmstion to make 1¢ credible.’’, S» fer from being incredidie, this Ber lim version of the Jast phase ofthe Petersburg Proteus exactly tallies with ao ourcement published in the Journal de St. Peers had » private andl: g—' theatre Rumian qoveromest has required from s.ce and Kogland » catego foal declaration with regard to the character amd bearing of their action in sendiag torir fleets into the Black Sea, and that uoon that de- claration will derend the ulterior attitude of Rassis.”” ‘The same intimetion ie bere evidently comveyed as that reported ia the above cited Berlin correspondence, vis : that Russia is only ebstracted tn putting into effect hy procerses of pacification by the presence, whish she affeote to regard as ambiguora, of the English and French #7 in the Bisok Ska. It may be inferred that the terme trazsmitted by the Conrerence as agrent to oy Torkry, will have no asswer from Peteruburg till the im: Paria demand shail have Grat teen satiefed, what the ‘extern fleots are doirg in the Kuxine There can be no G@Moulty in acquainting hia Impe tel Moj-aty with a ee cret known to everybody—contained in the published ia stroctions of the Fresch and Eoglish Admirals, and com: muniested to the Rasaisn authori.is#at Sebastopol Aad there can be no doubt that the ‘categorical doslaration” required of France and England will be made with » promptituce and preeision which must oompel Russia to choome between peace with Torkey aod war with the ied Wes'ern Powers, unless indeed, abe still continues to evinee ber preference for a tartium quid—nelther ox war nor peace, It is a preference which she expect: | arkey to comply wits when the treaties with her were infringed and her province: inveted. 1; Rossi reteina disinierested Mve ‘or a state of the like suspease, whe: t her own covet, {t would ba @ pity not to fa But the taking of * material guarantewa’” It ta ura 0’ Eog culge her. cannot rea ain her sole privilege land ni France to take gaarantees now, an‘it will not be ciffionl: 10 fing them, whether im the Bisck Svs or in the Satic Lapty prefessions ef moderation, end illu rory astvravces of reedivess to make peace on fair mud hoporable terms, if Turkey could be {uduced to offer sush tercn, can fm pose no longer on Karopan credence, Tar- ke» has been {ndnoed to offer such terms, and we are new tld that no terme can be listened to till the plain and “great feet”? of the fete in the Black Sea is expisined away to imperial satisfaction, We sanoct of course aay io what terms the Eoglish and totbeir meaning The Czar Nicholas has played cut his play of ciplomatio subterfuge, He is confronted with ce alities; » shor} time must show how he will meat them. Prince Albert as a Privy Councillor. A peophiet, manifestly “from authority,” has just ‘been issued by Ridgway. of L-ndon, de’endiag Priace Al- | bert from the recent imputstions cart oa him of * ancon- stitational inte: fereoce’’ in State affairs, and the manifes- tations of sympathien adverse to those of E:gland, as re garés Oontivental affairs. The following are #x:racts:— There are few thfpgs more painful than the sight of injustice; nor is the pain lewened when we find ingra tuce supsradded. The treatment w! the Prince bi lately received from portion of the press, and a very small part of the pablic whether originating in factions feelings or in ignorance and want of reflection, must bear bed ame of urjast and upgratefal with all those who has guided it {a s position of great distinction certsinly, but as orrtainly of no smat Geileacy, and who bave witnewed the valuable servises w-ieb he has rendered to the important interests of social mprovemert, fter laying it down a6 8 self-evident proposition that “it is the bound who estimate those ser- vioes to enter their protest sgattat the attacks ia ques tion, and to remove the erroneous impressions under which they in all probability have been mac termination to show that potatng ean be more wice of the truth than these charges, in the follow- ig fashion First as to the alleged unsconstitutiosal oa tere of the supposed interference of the |’rinoe in State Allaire, “Here,” he proceeds: — I; fo raid, we Dave an irresponsible individual to whom all the measu'es of governmen\ are made kno en, to whom are ccmmanicateé all matters within the knowledge of the ministers, as well os all their plans—e thiog, it is added, wholly uncosstitutional—a thing never before heard of in the practice of our government—a thiag wholly unnecemary, and which mignt easily be prevent: ed or confined within true limits. Now, the whole charge in a tissue of the most complete | misstetements. The incividual is mot irresponsible: his interference is strictly constitutions); it ts anything rather than unprecedented; it is altogether unavoidable; it could not be checked or iimited without creating the most glaring absurdities. First —There is no irresponsible interference. Tne Priace stands upon precisely the’ same footiog with any other person trassed or conaulied by tl ther Privy Councillor or not. for wh execoting the royal commands, and for wha! he offerr, and for whatever cse he maxes of the in rma- tion given him, he is as fully answerable as apy other | subject of the crown Op'nions have differed as to whe- ther any one not being s Privy Councillor, and under the obligation of his cath a8 such, can regularly be consulted | 4 the sovereign, That thie has trequentiy, if not | alwaye, been done, snd in good times, we shall presently | vee. Bat no ope can ceny that if it be done, whether | regulariy and properly or not, the person who adviser, nay, who giver avy information, wo in any way wakes ® com nusication to the sovereign, whether voluatariy or called upon, or who recsives soy oommunisation fom the sovereign, is respowsible for hie advive or his infor- mation given, for whatever he submite to the royal eye, or pours inte the royal ¢ar, for whatever use he makes of the knowledge obtained, and, it may be, even for the mere being in possession of such knowledge, No doubt th respoasibility rests with greater weight upon a Privy Connetilor because of bis oath, which binds him not only to keep recret the King’s Council, but well and traly to advise hin, though, it may be ssid that he is sngwera- bie for bis advice, independent of the oth, just as ever; cone owing the duty of allegiance, may commit a breas! of that duty, whether he hare taken the oath of alle- giance or not, Bat it is reediesw to argue this in the prevent case, inssmuch as the Princs is a Privy Council Jor, and thu? stands in precisely the same predicament with all the official advivers of the crown, A brief history of tbe theora’ical constitation of the Cabinet succeeds, after which the writer arrives at hie conclusion ia regard t this polnt, which is as follows:— The plainest anc commonest rales of law exclude the possibility of contending that there ts in the position of the Prisce the lesat approach to aa irresponsible inter- ference. The sroond misstatement in thus exposed, as well as the fires: there is nothing dove (or rsther alleged to be écne, for we sre here upon mere aeseriions and assump tions) which ix pot acovrding 10 the etriotest prinsipl the comsitution Dut thea it is edd, thongh by law the P) ince may be respousidie, he ts not 90 ia fact fhe cannot De proceeded against as 8 minister might, ‘This is, how. ever, manifestly untrus, He ia @ Privy Councillor, aad the crown may be ad¢rested to remove him from that hovorable porition, But he may be vised with the can- sure of either or both bouses of Pariinmect; he may be in poached for anything dont s¢sinat the pusiie weal he stends in the self same tivuation as those iaiaisters do who bave no office, It was never comeude’ that they ‘Av€ pot responrib'e in fact, as well aeia lew Tuey may ba removed from the Privy Uounsil; they may oe censured by revolutions of Parliament; they may be impeached for the advice giver to the crown, or for the use of say knowledge Serived from the t cond destial position, But, then. it is alleged that the relation {a which the Prince stands to the soversigo makes it eminently impro- babie tha! such preceedie oo *houlc be taken azaioat him. Yet no one ever held that an heir apparent was i of a bigh treet under the crown, merely om his grea: influsuce in the country and with monarch, 1V., when Ouke of Clarence, was Lord High A miral, and though only thea heir preeum ptive in law, he in saudstamce and eifect, beir appareat. No obj tment, although the rigin of the ministry eb mace it, was the object of the most unspariog party vd pereonsl attacks. Tas last Lord High Admiral veto: that aon ie the individ filled the very place now occopied by hie royal bi it was Prinos Gaol Dermark, consort to ths Qoeau, er The pamphlet then takes up the remainiog heads of the inculpation against Prince Albert in their consecu- tive order, in this manner: — The third misstatement is, that the Prince's inter ference is wholly unprecedeuted. The coatrary is ro true that interference hes been frequent in circamstances aif réing pone of the ehecks and securities which we ha in the present cate. It hay sometioes existed opsal; avowed; but it bas almost always existed and been al } news, though not formaly declared. Ho was it in latter Jears of George the Tulrd’s reign, the four y: which preceded his {inew—in all George the Fourth’s, ‘and ip all King William’s—a period of ne less than thirty yeers of the most important trausactio: in war—the greatest t er attenced this emple? A most able and honorable peson—Sir Herbert Taylor—(Lord Derby will joim, both & a minister and an indivicual, in tois just testimeny to his wncle)—had acceas to avery despatch, was miuutely acqueinied with every advice teodered to the king, was aerare in detail of every messure in contemplation, mili- tery end finaccial and ciplomatic incluced—was, in hort, as entirely cognizant of all the processes and all the plans, and all the opinions and feellags of the govern: ment, as the sovereign whom he so faith ally serves, en! to the cous try so beneficially, wiih we wr to himeelf—aad he was never even swore of ORD ti Bs adds the his ° torteal, acd {Prany miso de gran’ 4d, the matural comolusion:— ie . it is urquestionable, however, that over eoo» vc have always bad some assistance of the lh» ala’. « siaposs are well kaowa of their eonsnitiog wt pasr oonsections, often awayed by thelr +:\y wife of George [I, unquestionably: exercised this i ineac8 an the parmazeney of Walpola’s power—pr servation of the crows Ww the liouse of or may be saeribed (as {t gemerally {s) to that ex: tsa! | ieceas, ‘The difference between ail those casea and the present le, that bere we have a koown adviser fe advice there bs) the pame obligations with evsty other Privy there the same interference exis «i without the constivutional recnrity—that a, ihe formal security; for in substance tt always must exist, @aly two branches of the charge, therefore, now rewita undixpesed of, and these are thus sammartly dealt with: — The fourth misstatement of it be ng wholly needless, poems already Uisposed of, #0 far as showing that such {n terference baa constantly existed withrus necessity. Bat bere the neoeusity is peculiarly striking. Caa any one pretend thst the qneee shall over communi with her consort vpon anything conceraing her kingdom, «i the kingdom ef his son? Init poasivle for persons to live in the relation of husband wife without one speaking upon tke subject of all olf the most interesiirg to both? Then doss not the objroMion to the prince’s interference resolve itself {mto the position that the queen of this couatry shall always bes feme sole?—« position mot easily maintaized, even by those who persiat in held ng that the royal family marriage act was fitly passed, and ought to be held sacred. Bat whoever sapporta that porition mast be prepared to adopt another, asd contend that the king of ‘kin country, as well as the queen, ought always to be usmarried, because, ifs husband’s infinence ia dreaded, end his exclusion from sll state aflaira is therefore re- quired, surely the influence of a wife is to be regarded as equally le, axd as an equal objectios to her receiy- ing her hurband’s oorfidenes or offering him har advice. The last of these misstatements hes thas also been dis posed ef—that which represents it ar easy to check as to limit this interference. As long as the relation subsists between the parties, this is manifestly impossible This concludes the practical argument of the pamphlet, With the close of the sequential observstions in ilustra- Mion of feveral propositions epnumerated, few, how- x. will dizegree:— 6 sovereign ts surrounded by responatble mintaters, and they sre watched by both the Parliament sad the ; le for an instant of acting in any, the least partion ainat the beat intereats of England, Cemmercial Treaty between Frence anid fPortagal. Frem the Paris Constivutionpel, Jaa. 2° ) ‘The Constitutions cl analy seeas follows the treaty of com- merce and na’ ‘tien between France and Porte, «. which yosterdey Bliec » very Jarge portion of the Mom The Monitevr bas published an imperial ¢ cre . fating a treasy of commerce concluied between © rie: and Portugal. It is known that, accordlag % iz+ ‘ of the Senatus Consultwm, which modified the courtina | tion at the time of the proclamatioa of the Hupire, | | treaties of commerce have the force of law ‘or ¥ of tariffs waich are therein sufficient for th full and entire | tains a series of pro ich have for its »njact to consolidate the friendly relations which | existed between I'rance and l’ortugs!, and to fsc!! | extend commercial re] stions between the two countries. It | attests the intelligent solicitude of the goverament for interest of cur foreign commerce, If onr eomme’op with Porto uot very considerable, {i nevertheless flows s | According to the official tables, the | gene'ai commeres of the two countries increased from | | | 6,700,000; fu 1847 to 8,800,000. in 1852; and the pecial commerce during the tewe pericd, irom 3.300 0v0f. to 4.400 0U0f, being an angunentation of resrly two talrds ingeix,years, The convention concluded between the two counttieses nuot fail to inciease the developement of these exchanger, whieb are equally adyautegeeus to bota na- tions, The troaty contains provisions relating to saree | Cistinet objacix—the first conairn the protectioa of per- pons and properly; the next, the reguistion of axvigation dues; and the third the settlement of the duties, privi- | Jeger, and immouities accords: to consular agevia. Tas | citizens and subjects of the two cousiriss will eujey re- ciprocally in the yeepective States » constant and oom: | plete protection fo: their personx and property. They ‘will have ‘ree and recy acooms tothe tribunals of justios; they will be exempt from all perscoal servios in the ar- mies crip the national militis, aa well a+ from all war contribntions, and they will not be subjected toary other taxes than those paid by the citizens of the most favored | ne‘ions, As far ar regarcs commercial relations, there will be reciprooal freecom of trade aud navigation bs. | tween the inhabitants of thé two countri they will | Rot pay, on acccunt of their commerce, any taxes or charges beyond those paid by the citizens of the most favored vations; and all the privileges and immunities enjoyed by the citizens of one of the two Siates, will by | common to those of tne other The Portugaese govern: | ment reserves to itself the faculty of maintaining the special regulaticns now in force, and of promulgating bew ones whea it may consider it necessary #0 to dc, relative to the trade in the wines of the Douro and the | export of the saltof Setubal. It is, however, stipulated that French citizens shall in this respect be treated like those of the most favored nation. Tae respective» | two countries will be placed on a fooling equality as far as regards navigation preduce of one eountry caenot have an extra duty charged on it on being imported into the other. Skips will be allowed to cischarge | parte of their cargo, and retain the remainder withoat being liable te avy charge for the la‘ter, exsept tbat for surveillacce. French vessels coming Cirect from France ‘will not be subjected in Portugere ports to any other port charges than those paid by Portugese vessels, and vice versa, ASfar as regards customs, duties and naviration dues, the two centracting partie: Teciprocally engsze not to grant avy piivilece, favor or immunity to any other State without immediately extending to their reepestive | subjects, gratuitously, i: the concession ia favor of the etbe: Stare be gratuitous, or om the same terms if the said favor be cosdivional, Tat a and privileges of consuls regulate the personal immani. ties which they will esj>y, the protection give to their fellow-citizons, the proceedings to be adopt- ed for the arrest of seamen di ting. operations of sal- vage, &o. The treaty is oonclud.d for six years. If at the expiration of that term six monthy’ motice has mot deen gives of its divcontinuanse, it will goon from yesr to year unti) one of the contractiog parties shall ha Miczifee an intention, oxe year beforehand, of putting an oud to The Chincha Islands, trom Lims, the Peruvian government 1s being upon, | renpecting the ale of guano, by three distinct pariies in three oppoite directions. The agri:ulturists at Arequipa, | alarmed lest the whole stock shoul! soon be exhausted, aie urging the government to stop the exportation of gu ‘ano finally avd altogether. The Evglish agents, as was already surmised, have been recon muscing © permanent rise of price, while the government of the United States are pressing for a reduction o’ price. The recent official survey bas not yet been made public, but it is said to prelong the supply of guano fiom the Chiucha Isiands | oply s few yeare teyond the ive years estimated by Ad- | mirel Moresby, in his reoeut despatch Even this offi :ial survey may be pot free from suxpieion of exaggeration. It is eupposed that the other deposits, besides the Chin- chas, will acd but little to the supply, as they are def- oitregen, resembling tarrvin the African gasnos, refore will rot be applicable to corm crops. These accounts must necessarily incite our merchant: to exert themselves in enlarging the suvply of nitrate of soda. which bas now bren conclusively proved to be equal, if not superior, to guavo for most agricultural parposes, which is found ip unlimited questities on the mainland of Peru, and is eupposed to exist argely in Bolivia, aad, as some say, in Mexico 4 [From the London Gazstte ] Boaxp ov Tapa, Warrauatt, jan 17, 1864. The Right lion. the Lerca of nities of Mes Courcil for Trade and Plantati received throng! the Secretary of State for For-ign affairs a copy of a des patch from her Majeaty’s Charge d’ Affaires at Lima, en- closing & translation of « decree of the Peruvian govern- ment, by which versels laden with guano at the Chincha Islands ae po longer compelled to touch at Callao, of whieh the following is a copy: — t = TRANSLATION } Lima, Nov. 23, 1853. It belng upneceasary that the vessels oosupied in carry- ing guano, apd which go with this obj:ct to the Caincha lsian 8, with she permission of the government, should Cailao for the purpose only of faldiling the for- of Apslly closieg their register, whica can be ef at the raid telends, that measure sausing to the the lose of seme days, which ean bs employed to fit of the Icng voyage waich they have te make to arrive at their destination, and at the same time they suffer much irjury by the cerertion of the crews cone. quent upon the vesse!s staying in the port of Callao, it fe resolved that the ceptaior of vessels lowed with guano, ho wish to depart direct from the Chincha Ielands to the ace of clechatge, may do 40; snd io euch case they mast be c eared by the chief of the siation or the goveremant which pay be established there, who sball give eotice to the Custom House of Caliso of those to whom the ta wion te concedec, And in consideration that by this mes. pore the owners of ships derive # benedt, and that the exceerive cost cecasiopec by the demurrage on account of the impoeelbility of exporting the quantity of toms re- quired for the demen¢e of the differeat markets, ten ley- cays more than thore fixed in the ebartersfor guano shall be allowed in.ecmpensation for the concession made, At tre same time the consisness of those ships shail exact thet they have at the islands the q lotted to the», the government! rapgeneote ‘Communicate, regiater, ee I : ¥ PAZ ‘OLDAN. Foreign Miscellany. The latest London jo any '—A prosecution is to bs ine tuted sgainst the of the Anglo jontinental Teireraph Company, pon the charge of od deepateh from Marsei)es, by substituting the wor Peversburg. Cavr,’? for * stantinople, Saltaa,’’ aad thereby falsely circulating the mews taat the Kmperor of Ru sis bad accepted tee proposition of the Vienaa con- ference. We read the follovieg in the official Milan @azetle:— What bas beem said it the papers respectiog the evac: tion of the Papal territery by the French troope is false. Some troops, it is trus, have bees concentrated on certain ts, bus there is 1 idea of their retursing to France. contrary, wer @ war to break ont om the Eastern question, the continent of the Freach army in tie Pon- Ufcal States woul! by increased ‘The chiefs of the districts of the kiogiom of Poland have received the order to draw - list of all avle un- married mes, from ‘he age of sigh een to fe rr) watsh them carefaly, not to permit them to leave their ddéptetota, becanse tie recruiting which tates plac+ usn- ally at the end of the , Will take place this year im March. This measwe caused a veritable desolation in this y crumtry, nearoely recovered from the ex- wiich took place last month it ec ia a een put ap on ance oy a Pet ipa i ‘ | Das beem s matter of asto | of vacble hall, to the vestibale of the Houge of proms meng tw Sabube Put up are thees of Wii ahe veyme William Ra’ 1100: ol ary Dy Memar’ Coor de Leom; ead King The Empress reuoe bee directel that her uber, tae Comate Sort o, (tye 09,000 rvale to be appropriate « scooeeda of” Ler Spaxish estates to the relief o «-( Hosvortaga, province of Gramada,« whe wee ln Dilser los) Threa au cotanive harvest » . b loas af seeds, &o., by stor va ina An important bill couceraing the Jews bas been pre- sented to the Pixlimnontese Chambers by the governimen!. Ly sbta bill tne Israelite population of the kingdom, gow Givided into the vuniversitioe of Pisimont, Mentferrato, Alessandria, and Nios, are awhorised so exersise self- government in mattera relating to their religion a0] wor- ship. Vor this purpose the larael tes of the Singsom are divided into twemty elestoral circles, each of which is to elect a representative to the Genera! Awembly, whieh ts to meet atTuris every third year, or whsnever the Minis ter of the Interior ehal! convoke {;, The Geaeral Aven: bly Exes the Cuties of the rabbis, the tax pudilc worship, the general budget, th rabol, &e. One of theGeueral Asaembly is rvaewed every three years.” The Glasgow Mercantile Gazelle, of January 3, say: “Since the discevery of gold in California 600 ven» have gove round Cape Hern and mever returaed. 4 fow ef them bave been lost, bat the greater number of them have been employed in the Pacific trace. By « decree of the Klog of the Belgians, the general sosiaty for ensouraglog natioval industry, establicned in Brossels, apd Megars, Rothschild Brothers, bankers, in Pariw, declared the possestors of the concession for from Mons to the Freach fiontier, ia the di- and Haumont. This decree will net, come into effect until that part of the lise to French territory from the Belgian it. Quentin line at Erqnelines, and at far as the Sambre, at Ha t, shall have been ovn- ceced by the French government, The Milan Gazette of the 21st of January gives an acoount of a distrowsing catastrophe wick occured « few days before in the mountains near L'zzola, when forty thres miners from the iron works of the Monte Tossella, in the province of Bergamo, were surprised by an avalanche, anc seven of thew preoipitated to the botiom of the valliy, Notwithstanding the most active exertions to extricate them, they bad not been discovered when the ao:ount left, and were given up for lont The Federal Cousoil of Switzerland has decided upon formiag two military eampe in August for instruction: one in Wesiern Switzerland, under ThePCulcgne Gazette states from Berl that much renaation bad been oreated vel of Gsseral de Wedell from Loxembarg, and meetings Of the most distinguishes cflicars at tan Ministry of War. 224 of January, here by the arri The Army, the Necessity of an Inereare of Pay, and a Hetired List, TO THE EDITOR OF THY HBRALD. As very erroneous and apjast imprewsions have been entertained by many of the people of the United Shatecin reference to the present condition .and efficiency of our Lttiearmy, and as cur citiseag generally have bu} litle ides ef the life of a soldier upon our Western frontier, it Las occurred to me that s few remarks upon this subject might not be out of place at a period when billsare before Corgress for improviog the eondition of tis bransh of our national defence. Withcut enumerating all the causes which have given rise to the impressions I have aliuded to, I may, per- haps, be permitted to mention ome which I regard as having more effect than all others, Itis found in the fret that certain persons have, (for ressona beat known to themselres,) seen fit to disseminate Natements im regard tothe army which are wholly at variance with well established facts For instance, they have said tha} the officers of the army are men of idie and dissclute "habits, who spend their (ime about the cities, recriving large salaries with out rendering am equivalent service in return; that they re Inxuricas drove: 0 only serve to deplete the pational tressury—in @ word that the country would be mnucb better without ap army than with it, Sach staem ae theas, whether induc ignorance or p litical m this, taken the troudie to piace the subject before 1! adjic im its trae light. They may perhaps think that sueh (to them) ya peble mis- statements require no notice, bat I am of an entirely dif- ferent opinion; and one o! the orjs01s of this comauni oxtion will be to show that there is no class of our people who labor more, are subject to more hardships, priva- tions, or vicissitudes of climate and consequent mortality, nur avy clsas that is as poorly compensated for their services a the eflicers and enlisted mon in the army. Tke great acquisiiion of terg®ory comeequent upen the treaty of “Gaudelupe Hicalgo” has enlarged the bounds ar Indian territory to such @ cegree that many more troc ps sre required to defend it than were before neoss- sary, particularly as the propensity of Western men is to settle as mesr to the bor-ers as possible, and ‘thereby invite Geprecations and attacks from the Indians, whiet readers {t tmportant for the pretectioa of these people that troopa should be posted ia the Iuciam count It ts perfectly ‘well knowa to mea that eithout this protection ible to extend the area of civ- ‘es of lawless freebootere whe inhabit the plaias of tere Texas and New Mexico, and the sierras of Ualifor- The Indians there have, for many years previons to advent of our troope among them, oven in the avoen- dency, and the TOT Mexicans entirely at thelr merey They have been lords of the soil, and they look upon ou: people as intruders, whe are destined to conquer thea anc ultimately drive them from their huoting grouo anc homes. This satarally engenders a feelirg of bit ter hatred towards the whites, and creates a invat im plesable cesire for revenge, as the pamerous murders and Ovker outrages which have been perpetrated within the la:t few years clearly evince. This imperetive call upen the government for troops to provect « ar frontier sett hes made it necessary to send neerly the whole army into the Indian country, far be- oud the limita of civilisation, aad im most enses ato the most berren and desolate regions that be ee where the usproductiveness of the soil the droughts of summer precinie Fosslbility of eultivating grain or vogetablec and where supplies of every description which ere neces. sary to sustain life and health have to be transported Bundreds of miles ia wagons, at expense, in some in- stances, equivalent to several times the original eost. ‘This resulta in @ very severe tax upom the officers, espe- ¢latly those with families, who, under the mos: rigid exer cise of economy, have great cificulty in confining tueir expenses within the limits of their pay. At many of the ports where the treops are row stationed there is a very great searcity of building material, particularly timber, which renders it almost impossible to ereet comfortable quarters, and Xposure to which th» troops are sub jeoted in corsequenoe of this, results ia filling the hos- pitals with sick officers and m The eff. cts of this will be apparent by « glance at the lists of essuaitiee in tue army for the last thres years, It will be seem that the per centage of moriality has been greater than can be found im any locality in the United Siates, not excepting New Orleans, with the ravageu produces by the terrible soourge of 1853. Many of the troops have been in tents almost con- tnreily, (summer and wipter,) since the Mexi- ean war; others, cake in the Iadian country, Bave beem = requir to erect their own quar- wre; and, under wise eystem of economy established by a former administration, they boon prohibited from making use ef avy other (p sed) materials except irom and nails. Sach supertiaous luxa ries as windows, floors, &o., could not be afforded by a have been ous military necenrarily, with such limited means as were pl attheir disposal, of the most inferior description, aad suck as most men in a civilised country would actually be ashamed to keep their horses in. Perbaps s Cescription of one of these military establish- meats, which will serve as: epecimen of many others, will convey a more correct idea of the trae situation of bp in garrison ‘Vhan anything elee that could be said. Rand eons cy infantry were rages ‘to eatablish a military post in the western part of Texas, during the summer moaths of 1852, ate ne when the taceae ter ranged at noon for many days from 103 to 112 degrees ic the shade. The spot selected wan far beyond the set tletrents, (two hundred smiles from the lsat house ) in the midst of a dreary, s ndy, desert prairie. where notaing could be for miles around to relieve the dead mono tony of the prospeet. piteh their tents and . Hite the troops were ordered to pre) to erect permaent barrac’ Acoreful reconnoisance of che surrounding country diclored the fact that the nearest woodland where timber Orvlé be obtained was thirty miles dista: This was of sueh inferior q of greater length than ten feet and oply about six inchys in diameter. waver in the vicinity wae brackish, use of the garrison bad to be transported four threogh an atmosphere heated to the temperatare that bave mentioned; and it may be imagined that it was far from being cold or palatable on its arrival at the encamp- ment. The coustry around was infested by hostile bands of Camanches, who only wanted an opportunity to commit outrages, which they did upc m several different occasions Notwithstanding all these difouities, the efficers and men in| ¥ z a th the ern sola, (re persever ance ind in procurieg poles, (tor they were pothieg more,) whioh they ct | upright im the Mabe these were covered with s thatched roof of prairie gra: and « door made of emali poies, covered with old barre! staves, (as beards were out of the question,) hang upon wooden binges, ecmpleted the structure. A iLer of these hats cosstituted the barracks, and the troops considered themselves very fortunate ia having even this shelter from the bleak northers and the winterstorms, Tw ing the pi of this work the mon subsisted almost exclusively upon animal food, which caused the seurvy to make its appearance among them; bat no soti- soorbutics could be bad, as, under the same system of economy before alluded to, an order had been issue pro hibiting the a iusue of these Inxuries to the troops even when recommenced by the surgeons as essential to the preservation of their health, and the poor soldier was obliged bd ~ 4 for his medicine by submitting to & corresponding deduction from the ount of his rations, whieh at bestis not sufficient for a man that labors hard. Oar indian frontier is of such vast extent, and depre- Catioma upon oar citizens are of sach frequent ose! that exigences are continually arising which demt @ ae im the position of the troops. This >} ity that it was impossible to get sticks and these were crooked “all w sere to great expense, and the to @ continued repetition of al] the labor, ex pore and privations, that have been mentioned. Officers with families at these distant stations are un the necessity of payiog exorbitant prices for the few ticles of furniture that are indispenpable, and it ofte: bappens that as soon as they get a few domestic comforts round them, an order gomen pendisg them toa mew lo. estion s thousand miles distant, where they are unable to tre in) le article of formivure; and e+ there are Ro 4, all their effects have to be sserificed and bbb and on thelr arrival <i _ peo mame extravagant prices have to be paid again to re- place them, These changes are, as 1 before ebserve’, frequent acd peceare unavoidable, and consiiiube oue of the mt po- it arguments in s*pport of the rearosableness of giving ‘an increase of pay to the army. The leat e6% of Congress reguiating the pay was paseed before the Mexican war, ata time whem the troops were comfortably quartered, and when supplies of every de- scription were much lower thay they are at present. The prides of labor of al! kinds have also increased, and money dooe Bot ROW jOueas toe same relative value as befere, Tk may be said by some that cffloere of the army should not enenss ber theewsclves with fami they shocld be required to ksep them in where they would nos soffer such privations. Laanswer te thir I will remark that tue majority ef our oldest and best sve families, and I am of the opteion that they is only by the stric'est economy that they ar@enabled to ksep up # decent sppesrance whee livieg together. Witb the atmost frugality their per barely suffioas to de- fray their cur out expemsce, and they are auable, however provident they may be, toaccumulate anything for old age, or to leave their families in caso of death Uader the pre. sent #) stem it is impossible for an eld efliser, who has de- votes kis best Gays to the servios of his country, (no matter hew muck Impatred hia corstitusion may be by wounds or ¢xpo.ure in unberltby cllmates,) to retire frem active duties. There ars officers now in the aray who Dave served (rom forty to fifty years. througa the wars in which we have been eogaged daring ina! peri occupying ire most comspicuous positiom upon the roll Beroes that hare been homored by the thanks applause of tketr countrymen, who are at this tirte dependant for a subsistence from day to day upon their scanty pay. Toese old veterans, reedered prematurely indrm by hard service and exposure, many of them wounced in battle, and erippled are, by the ex- {ating regu ations and acts of Congress, req tired either to perform active duty or to leave tne service, and as the latter alternative “ould throw tbem penniless upon toe woes, bey are com:pe‘led tu remain and do the best they cs Would it not be much more ia accordance Kberal spirit of car people to establish fo by those few cfioers, (snd they certain Who are so ‘orupate as to live to an old ag ebarge of faithful and efficient service ip the rmy and avy, might be permitted to spend the last remoant of their declining yosrsin retirement aod quiet, with an ak lowance of pry snffi lent to support thes: oemfortably? The inenflicieney of pay is, perbaps. more felt by the troops serving in Cali/ornia tean anywhere else, Captaing on arriving ‘here find their salaries about equal to shat of a chambermald er nurse, aod colneu only Ts th 8 oe mechanto. Th ts not eur; ing that the private sol<{er,rece! on! 5 dollars per toonth, who learns on reaching Callforata his services would command ten tines that eum if he wore # citizen, should become dissatisfied, and look upon his government as ap ungratefal one. Sach {s most un- qnestionably the effect, ard will acoount for the many de- sertions; from the army. The present pay of the enlisied mep is so utterly inadequate to the services they are re- quired to perform, and so much less than laboring men reosive in ovher walks of life, that it is very dificalt to Prreuace eflective men to enter the service. If hbe: al pay and allewance were g ven it would secare & better class, who would serve their country ahrerfally and faithfully, end desertioas would bs much less fre- quent. For the foregoing reasons, a, very considerable increase of pay for the enlisted mar ii de JUSTICR, Important Relative to the Star Poilce. MaRINE COURT. Before Judge Thompeon. John Garrett vx, the Mayor, &c. of New York —This ao- tion i# brought to recover the salary of the plaictiff, as a Lieutenant of Poliee, from the 26th day of July, 1863, to the 16th day o' Deotmer, 1853, The facts agreed upon between the parties are as follows:—The plaiatiff waa duly appointed First Assistant Castaim of Police on the 1th cay of May, 1851, at » ralary of $600 per anoum, and ip April, 1862, became First lieutenant of the Sixth ward lice, at $700 per annum, payable every two weeks. Oa je 26:h July, 1853 the plaintiff was tried befcre the Commissioners of Polios, and om the same day he re- ovived s notice frcm the Chief of Police, of which the {cl- lowing ia a copy:— Orricy ov Curer ov Porte: To Jonxn Gasurrr, Lieutenant of thi trot —Sir—The complains profo ‘red ageit day of July, 1853, having been substantiated before th mmistioners of judged (there teing rt from the Polloe Departm Leertity the order to tof an order and judgment made Police of the city of New York, on the 26th day of July, 1853. (Signed) GHORGM W- MATEBLL, Chief of Poltos, The order ani judgment referred to ia the fc notice was signed ly by the Mayor On the 26:h September, 1853, said order and judgment was A the other two C: mmussioners, to wit, the City Ju the Recorder—plaintiff having in the meantime applied to sai¢ Commissioners to put in further evidence, which ap- plication was denied. Oa the 28\h of July, 1853, the platouff tendered h'meelf to the Chief of Po! for duty as First Licutenant Sixth ward police His services were refured—since which tims, and uatil the commencement of this action, he, the plaintiff, has necessarily been wi July 27, 1368, ixth Patrol Dis correct reget) Commissioners ¢: jurisdiction of the offesee fer which the tried ?—the cffemce having been commi on the 7th day of Maroh— the act cresting the Board ef Commission- eva havirg been passed on the 13 bcay of April, 1853. It does not sppesr from the evidence what the olfence was for which the plaintiff was tried by the Commission- ers; Dor is it materiel that we should kmow to enable us tw arrive at a correct and satisfactory conclusion com- cerning the pt rights of the parties to this suit. The counsel for herehiy contended on the argument that, by the actof Aprii 13, 1858, the Commissioners are only authorised to take eognisance of offences committed after pre parison nterioe's reacon that it contains BO express pi to retrospective offences— its language being that the Board of Commissioners may ‘for cause” remove the accused from office; and the term ‘for cause”’ must be constrned as including benched effences. Previous to the of the mestion, the power to remove a police cflser Treated: with the Mayor, asd such power could only be exercised by bir, Being elear'y of opiniom that the act of 1853 imply fers Temove from & Board of Comm aeons ee loners, we think there be doubt abont the juriediotion of the latter over offenses committed before its passage. The act does not create the power to remove, nor establish any material autho- rity for that purpose. It only affeets the mode or man- mer iatwhioh the power shall be exero'se: id the Gil Fclet where it bad before been confi The Commiseios having jurisdiction of the offence, are rex! to consider whether they have rendered a final judgment in the matter. Weare not in possession of a copy of the order of dismissal signed by the Mayor, ‘unless we assume that it is comtained in the notice of the Coief of Police of the 26th July. That notior, it will be observed, purports to contain jorrect transcript of an orderand jucgment made by the Commissioners of Po- Uco”’ in the plaintiff ’s case. The most that the defend- ants ean claim for the Chief ’s notics is, that the May and, if yon please, the Commissioners, had de! d Wat the plains “be dismissed,” but ehen the diemasnal fect does mot appear. If, onthe 26th day Jaly, the Commissioners had cecided to. dissmise ‘the plaimtif from the Police Departmant, he was enti: ted to have their judgmsnt pronounced against him in olear, intelligible, aad juivocal terms. The notice of the 26th Jaly utterly fails to apprise the ac- ewed of the rendition of any such judgment. It is ¢oa, eeded by the defendants that the order of dismissal, what. ever ite terms may bave been, was signed on the 26th Jal only by the Mayor, In the absence, tben, of a proof tending to show either that the Mayor refiested the conclumons avd opisicus of his Colleagues, or that he was authorised by or by the power of Comumission- , to pronounce Fo peo at all, the order of dis. mirsal, on the 26th July, canp@ be eonstrued by us asa legal judgment of the Board of Commissioners, Thi nent signing of the order cf dismissal by the City and the ‘Cer affords us@ pretty clear indica. tion either that they were not prepared to pronounce their juégment ustil the 16th September, or that they considered the orger void unless attested by their own signatares. It does not sppear that the Chief of Police possessed any power or authority to sign and serve the potice of the 26th July. But that is a int which need mot now be considered. We hold that the sigaing of the order of ¢limissal by the Mayor only ¢cid not constitute & judgment of the Board of Com ; and that, the plaintiff was sot legally dismissed by the order and notice of the 26th July the Chief of Police dismissed the plaiatiff on the 28th July. That act was sboolately void, for he had no authority to do so, But did the order of dismissal become a final and valid judgment of the Board of Commissioners.on ths 26th of September, the day on which it was signed by the Re- corder and the City Judge? Tais query we cannot answer to our entire satisfaction, for the reason already stated— mo copy of the order accompanies the proof. It may be in- ferred. Dowever, from the ackaowiledged Ie; tain- ments of at least majority of the Board of Commission. ers that it did ; bat there being no evilenoe before as that euch a ja‘gment was ever brought to the know! of the plaintiff, ws do not feel disposed to indulge ‘ia tions concerning it, further than to remark that so tr portant « tribanel should be con. ducted with as much reference to system--sheir jadg- ments pronounced with the same solomnity,clearmess ard regularity, required to be observed ia proceedings in all other courts of justice. A party accused of the commis- be of (ah a fe 4 m Co cir the benefit re- sulting from the regulsrity ef a pros: fainat hi as from the dispensation of justise and exally, Ia a Judgment, the Board of Commissioners failed to proseed against the secused in this case with thi of re- gularity which he was entitled to recei and for that and other reasons herein alluded the Fon topet services having been tendered to the Chief of ‘oliee on the 28th of Jaly and refused, and th pak Lae ford beefing necessarily employment—judgment arde’ against the defeadants cai two Be peas and sixty-two dollars and Sfty cents, ove ‘ anb- Mitzs awp C.ocp3 or Pigsone.—' i Intel of the 15th inst. says — vane 7 mering ww the sky here was almost bisck at intervais hous with flocks of pi floek which, from the nd dieam of pigsona— peopl - oni chewing pigeons, peo ive eyes are growing ftamed lookleg at pip eons, nd people's braineare Domtey dled in contemplating the endiesa panorama of compara wiih Se Fgsous Wat oreanbier tae e om Pigeons that overwhelm the fi ! tat