The New York Herald Newspaper, February 14, 1854, Page 4

REE NOL IEEE OT LE EE NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GOROON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR S708 H.W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NABEAT ETS: iavarce TER BS nin rv co iumeces Mane or wih sewer + the aati omiowmine WAPOT remy erm raeran® / anonymous communications We de uted with neatnens eeapnens, end BOWERY THEATRE, Gowory—Uncte Tow’s Canim, B OAPWAY THBATRE Broadway—Lanies Rewane —A Mins uwek Nicut's Opmam. ON'S THEATRS, @hambers strect—A Mimsum- 16HT's DREAM —s RVING 1 ON. #.TIUN*L THEATRE, Chatham street ~Afternvon— Larrie Katy Byen t Tome ance, WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway fovvien's Covnr Sie LOLLY Abd. Lies, —Marry Maw—Do es COURTSHIP —THE AMERICAN MUSEUM—4feorne mxstic Fooneny— éreuing—MAs. Je Bayview. BLOaDWAY MENAGEMI+—Sramese Twixe ayy Wit os ©.N OPERA HOUSS, 472 Broad: sea wy OMBusTy's Mixorners. aR R way—Arniovian was ¢ Minstrel Hall, 444 Broad Woon" WIN way Lemoria BCaLey’s ¢ ©, 682 Brosdway—Bvox Bay 6 Brusoriay © oP x. BONY 5 GROKAMA, 696 Broadway—Pavonasta arrne Hory -AxD, sts RH Sibu CALLERY, 563 Broadway ~Day and Brening 2 GNOR jOLITZ—Srevvasant Iversrure, 663 Broad way. PFMY BALL, 86% Brosdway—Peanam's Girt Ex SBITIONS OF CHE SVEN MILE wIRROR. HOPE CHAPEL, 718 Brow Jorn’ Panrosoore. AY OF CHRISTIAN ARTS Broad 14, 1854, Feb. The Africa, from Liverpool, anchored inside the Hook yesterduy e where she remained dur- ing the vight, ons he fog. She brings dates from London and Liverpool to the 28th of January, st advices from the continent of Europe. We received some important points of the news by She Sandy Hook priucing telegraph last night. There is noth ug decisive as regards the ceamation or conti nuance of the Turkish quarrel, nor has any general European war been declared—bu’ having adverted to fhe entire subject in a leading article, we only give a Bw pointsofthe news. The Czar stil! pursues the same Bystem of evasive fact He does not look upon the entrance of the lvets into the Black Ses as & distinct announcement of war on the part of Lag land and France it was thought that he would not reply to the las propositions ofthe Four Powsrs autil the middle of the present month. In the mean time he had edited a special envoy to the Courts of En ud, France, Aus'ria and Prussia in order to 51 t to each cabinet an ontliae of terms pacific nature; but it was considered that this ae. ly @ part of bis tempo & pricy In the meastine the Russians were preparing to at- tack Kulea d Omer Pacha neg'e no oppor- tunity of we the great force opposed to him. Te was said that the Russians had captured the city of Kara, in Asia, whilst they agitated Servia very mueb by their iatrigues. Anstria had ordered forty thousand troops into Hangary, but we are not yet informed of what oc eurred there. The | shire, in the Persian Gulf, was be- bh ships of war. am was haying a grand ovation people on account of the Koezta an t> whom he is mainly indebted for thes> honors er being forwarded by Adams's express to 9 tou, is being warmed into life by the exertions of Qe New Yorx Haraup. Oo reference to the commercial advices, it will be geen thet money was slightly easier in London, and American securities in brisk demand. Breadstuffs had not materially altered, bnt there had been a @ecline of about one-eighth ofa penny in the better descriptions of cotton. Fall details of the news from the Ge: Ose, whilst the w will be published to morrow. Tn order that the people may know from whence comes the ¢ sitien to the Nebraska-Kansas bill, we will state that of the twent t remonstrauces presented to the United States Senate yesterday, four were from Massachusetts, thirteen from Pennsylva- nia, two from V vt, one each from New York and Deleware, and seven from Ohio and Indiana. While upon this sutject. let us not forget that a law exists in the last named State which prohibits ne- goes from taking np their residence within its boun- @aries. Tho people of Indiana avail themselves of the privilege, which a few of them seem uewilling to extend to the inhabitants of other parts of the n = to suit sed of, th consideration of Jndee Dow ; Weller took the tloor and briefly explained his reasons for supporting the messure. General Houston secured the floor, but was uvable to express his views, which are understood to be opposed to the biil, in consequence jon. Various exper ed to in the Hc yerterday, to resuvcitate the deficiency appropriation bill, which was kilied last Thursday; but they all failed. Mr. Breckenridge desired to get the bill again before the Honse, in order that he might offer @ substi'nte contal {I the features of the bill as originally reported by the Committee of Ways and Means, together with the asoropriations recommend- ed by the various stand ovomittees and agreed upon in Committee of the Whole It was of no use. required a twothird vote to suspend the rule only one hundred the one bur and reventyr vo doing. Really, this looks as though the members were determined to drive Mr. Houston, the Cnrair- man of the Committee of Ways and Means, to the alternative of re jing, notwiths i ar one of the promivent leaders of largely in the majority. [t is a curious affair, and may lead to some qneer developements before the matter is finally disposed of In the course of the Gey the estimates of deficiencies prepired by the Secretary of the Treasury were agnic referred to the Ways and Me minittee, in order that they may prepsre a new bill Some sensation was prodaced io the House by the presentation of a petition from the Pennsylvania Quakers, in which they cemonstrate against the adoption of the Nebraska-Kansas bill. In offering the document, Mr. Florence t occasion to remark that be shon!d most certainly vote for Judge Dong las’s bill, An unsuccessful attempt was male to call up the report expressing thanks to the rescuers of the prrsengers on board the steamer San Francisco. Mr. Maurize introduced an important bill, making it incumbent on the owners of steamships to test their mshinery and general qnalities at sea, before they shall receive passengers with the intention of Proceeding on a voyage of over five hundred miles, A great vomber of resolutions and other matters were dispored of during the day, and a com mupication was received from the Secretary of the Interior, from Which it appears that one hundred and thirty four millions seven handred ond four tho d three bonéred and nin main have b tary, railroad | Our Washington corre Senate bave confirmed Gen. Gadaden’s a at Minister, but that the committee have reported aversely to George Sanders as Consul to London ng it y-twe 8 of the pablic for szhool, mili Fe weal! be dosueted Prom | Jivan'’s nomination as Charge to Portugal It is rumored thet the President, » Gadsden treaty does not settle the controviry between the Garay and is coptemplating the propriety of Senate the Conkling treaty, which has bern ly g in the State Department for several months. Senator Cooper, of Penn, bas been elected Presi- dont of the » unbury ani Erie Railroad. The last avvices from Mexico ia‘orm us that sor. respondence «of the Count de Boulbon had been Mr. O'S: is still io dow hat t tepec pe if wred, weil tntercepted, which disclos] an ex'ensive conspiracy we to revolutionize Sonora an} Lower California. The Count, it will be recollect d, undertook a similar | object in the former State some months ago, but, i having signally faired, fled to California, and was “| afterwards reported ‘o have tendered bis allegiance to, and been appointed to a distinguished position by, Santa Anna. Since then Colonel Walker, at the head of a few adventurers, has turned Lower Cali fornia into a republic, and at Jast accounts was in } 9 fair w f annexing Sonora before a great while. Conse tly, the Count’s filibustering effor's are of no avail; he has been superseded by 2 man who an- dersto-d the business better. The Sloo Company had commenced work upon the long-talked of Tehuante- pec road, and expected to push it to a rapid comole- j tion, Santa Ano@ finds bimvelf in such straitened circumstances that he has at last issued a decree | taxing doors and windows; nevertheless, money 9 be tolerably abundant io that country, two ps of dollars in silver having been lately re- ceived at Vera Cruz Most of this sum, however, on board th lish mail steamer. ased receipts of cotton at all the South- ern ports, compared with those at the sawe date last year, amount to over six hundred thousand bales. The Pacific's pews caused a destine of one-fourth of a cent per pound in that market, A despatch from New Orleans announces three failvres—two cotton and one gro-ery house. The Board of A} the majority anc mittee were pres dermen met last evening, when inority reports of the Law Com- d,as to whether under the 4th section of the amerded charter of 1853, any measure involving the expenditure of money can be origivated in that board. Boards of Councilmen and Super- visors also met. The latter were only half an hour in session, and oo business of importance was tran- See Reports. We give today a report of the proceedings of the seventh 'ssession of the Military Court of Inquiry. ‘The examination of witnesses has been very tedious, and we ere informed that the investigation, if not cut short, will occupy the whole of the next two weeks. In addition to many columns of advertisements, to day's inside pages contain a variety of interesting information Irom Washington, iucluding a letter from ‘the wan who pn sacted. nafed Gen, Pieree,” and a com H. Hi. Day relative to Colt’: patent; jetver from Honduras; Common Counail proceecing®; ¢Xatmination of Mudame Resteli before the police court; commercial, legal, and miscellane- ous intelligence, &c. {mportont from Europe- Lord Palmeraton’a Projeet of a Geners#l Congre The vews brought by the Africa last night. confirms in some degree the favorable impres- sion created by the manner in whieh the Czar had treated the entry of the allied fleets into the Black Sea; a still more pacific indication being to be found in the information just re- ceived, that he has decided on sending Count Orloff to the courts of Vienna, Berlin, Paris and Lendon, to explain the terms on which he will be disposed to negotiate. Taken in con- junction with his determination not to regard the movements of the combined fleet in the light ofa hostile demonstration, it would seem as if he were really dispo-ed to make some concessions; but his policy has been so tortuous and evasive throughout the whole of the late negotiations. that his object may be merely to gain turther time. The tone of our private advices, how- ever, is in general favorable to the chances of a pacific arrangement; but ia the alternations of hope and fear to which each slight indication gives rise, we are not disposed to attach much value to them. It isa curious feature inthe many perplexing idents to which the progress of this Eu- n question has given birth, that no satis factory explan os should as yet have been given of the causes of Lord Palmerston’s resigna- tion. The motives assigned by the London Times and other ministerial organs, were too futile to obtain credence with those who had watched the versatile political career of this statesman: li was instinctively felt that his abandonment of office was dictated by some difference of opinion with his colleagues as to the views which he was known to entertain on this Euro- pean question; and the attempt to impart to bis motives a false coloring, together with the roserve which he himeelf maintained on the subject. naturally directed the suspicions of the English people to a quarter towards which alone he was bound to observe the delicacy of si Hence the fierce outery that was in rop re raised ibroughout the country against the court, and which at last assumed s0 menacing an appearance as to neces- sitate his recall upon his own terms, Although strong differences of opinion unqueg. tionably prevailed in the English Cabinet oa the Turkish question, in which Lord Palmers- nd himself isolated from the rest of his colleagues, who sided with the court. they were not the proximate causes of his retirement from f The fucts of the case, we have reason to lelieve, from private information that we have received, were these :—At a Cabinet council t which Prince Albert was in attendance upon the Queen, the Home Secretary presented lor her Majesty's approval a list of nomi- ns to government oflices which fell with- ypointment, and which required only ton fi ratification of the sovereign. The ‘rince Consort committed the indiscretion of taking up the list and erasing with a pen two ofthe names. Lord Palmerston, naturally in- dignant at snch an unconstitutional proceeding, not hesitate, even in her Majesty’s presence, to give expression to his sentiments. Prince Albert retorted, it is said, in no very compli- mentary terms, and the consequence was that the Home Secretary instantly withdrew from the council, and on his return home sent in his resignation. We have already deseribed the impression produced on the public mind by this event. The feeble and vacillating policy previously pursued by the government, on the Eastern question, contrasted so strongly with Lord Palmerston’ firm and consistent conduct on all questions concerning the foreign rela- tions of the country, that the public were in some degree prepared for it. It did not: render them less severe and in their denunciations of the anti-national influences which had driven from his post the most popular states- man in the country, and the one of all others best adapted to give sound advice to the crown in the then crit tate of afairs, The result was that the administration wus compelled to yield to the pressure of public opinion; and as a necessary preliminary to the led mivis- ter’s being invited to return to office, an apolo- gy was tendered to him on the part of the Prince Consort. Before he would resume his post, however, energetic however, the Hqme Secretary made an explicit declaration of his opinions on the Eastern ques- tion. and stipulated for the frank and entire ad- hesion of the Cubinet to his views as the condi- tion of bis return. The leading features of this declaration, which we must now presume j will constitute the future policy of the government were, we are informed, as follows: In the first place the Home Secretary sensured in severe terms the humiliating position in which England was placed by a line of policy which seemed calculated rather to protect the interests of Russia than to fulfil the obligations which her own -honor and the faith of ancient treaties imposed on her. He showed that the arrangements proposed by the Vienna confer- ence, if even accepted by the Czar, would only have the effect of consigning to temporary abey~ ance the questions that had given rise \o the difficulties which they were intended to meet, and that some other solution must be sought, which would have the effect of permanently de- fining and settling the rights of the belligerent | powers. He declared himself as much a friend of peace as any of his colleagues, with this difference—that he was opposed to purchas- ing it by humiliating concessions, which would only have the effect of temporarily postponing that alterrative. He fipally proposed as the only means by which these questions, which so frequently threatened the peace of Europe, eould be effectually set at rest, that the efforts of the English cabinet should be directed to the as- sembling of a congress of the whole of the Eu- ropean Powers, to which the United States should also be invited to send a representative. In this conference, the preseat status of the dif- ferent powers should be defined, and accepted ag @ permanent adjustment of their territorial! rights, and a mutual guarantee be given to main- tain inviolate the boundaries so fixed. Such, we are credibly infurmed, are the lead- ing features of the new line of policy which the return of Lord Palmerston to office has im- posed upon the British Cabinet. It certainly suggests a broad and effectual mode of grap- pling with the difficulty, and if it can only be carried out, will for the future prevent rest- Jess spirits like the Czar from trowbling the peace of the world. It is evideat that the Euro- pean governments have lost all faith in the an- cient treaties that guaranteed their rights, and that they will now be compelled to resort to some more comprehensive scheme of interna- tional protection than the partial and selfish compacts which maintained what is called the balance of power. If this project of a general congress be carried into effect, this country will, from its influence, be called upon to play aconspicuous part init. We must, therefore, be prepared to take the position that becomes a great and powerful nation, and relieve our- selves from the reproach conveyed in a late re- mark of Lord Palmerston to Mr. Buchanan, “that the government of the United States has no foreign policy.” Breach of Public Faith. When the unanimous voice of the people in- sisted on altering the State Constitution, some eight years ago, the bone and sinew of the change was the clause prohibiting the gevern- ment from contracting any debts which “direct or contingent, singly or in the aggregate, should at any time exceed one million of dollars.” It was, we venture to say, this clause which pro cured the adoption of our present constitution in the year 1846. The people were sick of peculations and debts. They had seen them- elves plundered year after year by the harpies at Albany, till they fairly groaned beneath the burden of their debt. Million after million had been raised, borrowed, received, and finally vanished into thin air. De Witt Cliaton’s sound economy had become obsolete and was forgot- ten; the magnificent scheme he had fostered in the cradle was being executed in the very way he had gpent his life in denouncing. In short, polifietes were saddled on the back of the people, and rode reckless of expense or popular outcry. Had the people of this State been accustomed to manage their own political affairs with scru- pulous exactitude, the infliction would have been less grievous. As fast as the politicians at- tempted to plunder, the people might have in- terposed for their own protection. Unfortu- nately, men in New York have so much busi- ness of their own to manage, and in general care so little about politics or political parties, that it required an unusual effort to coun- teract the organized endeavors of the spoilsmen. The merchant had to be taken from his counting house, the farmer from his plough, the mecnanie from his tools; all taught the real causes of the increas- ing debt banging over ther heads; and finally led reluctantly to the polls. Those who have mixed actively in political canvasses or con- tests know how diflicult a thing it is to induce any fair proportion of the public to move in a matter of this kind. The exigency of 1846 was, however, no ordi- nary one. Our whole prosperity was at stake. It was clear that if the spoilsmen were let alone, a very few years would see the State plunged over head and ears in debt. The imminence of the danger roused the community from ity lethargic attitude, and the new constitution— probibiting the contraction of new debts—was ratified hy an overwhelming majority. The politicians were defeated. Their prey was wrested from their ¢rasp. The people, re lying confidently on the protection afforded by the restraining clanse, again forgot that they had a Legislature, and returned every man to his own business—tbe merchant to his counting house, the farmer to his plough, the mechanic to tools. They were content to suffer po- liticians to gorge themselves on the pickings afforded by the ordinary collection and dis- bursement of the revenue; feeling perfectly cer- tain that no new debt could be contracted, and tbat the prosperity of the State enabled us to afford few hundred thousand a year to the po. litical pickpockets at Albany. This was the last understanding had between the people and the politicians, Eight years have elapeed since then. They have not been lost time for the latter. Not coatent with the ordinary spoils of the day, they have contrived to swell their perquisites by the addition of a sum falling but little short of four millions and ahalf, They have actually taken out of the coffers of the State 479 since 1848, in the shape of reductions of the tolls on the canals, and shared the same with the forward- ers and boat owners on the line of the canals. We were content to let them rob us of what they could on the ordinary expenses of government. We never murmured at their pilferings in aay way. More than this, we saw them deliberate- ly reduce the canal tolls, knowing the whole time that the change could do no earthly good to any one but themselves and the forwarders their confederates, Still we held our peace and allowed silent contempt to take the place of indignant outery. We did wrong. folly has now brought forth its fruits. . asa defence against whom the law of 1846 was passed, and who have since robbed us of nearly four millions and a hall of dellars, grow more and more in- satiable as their avarice is fed, and now ask us for ten millions moré. Ten mfllions is the dose they want to swallow ata gulp. There was a time when a million or less a year satisfied them; ten millions is now the amount which their appetite requires. As ravenous as jack- als that have snuffed flesh, and dabbled their noses in blood, they will not listen to an offer of afew miserable thousands, but must carry off ten millions in their grasp. Citizens of New York, shall we give them what they want? If we do, they will be back next year, with a demand for twenty millions, Those whom a successful robbery of $4,336,479 in six years did not satisfy, are not likely to be content with ten millions now. The more we let them steal, the further and the more auda- ciously is their hand stretched out. Their or- gans pile figures on rhetoric, and rhetoric on figures to show—what? That the tonnage on the canala is increasing? Who doubts it? Is not this the most conelusive argument that could be brought forward in favor of the system originally devised by the fathers of the canals and lately ratified in the constitution of 1846— viz.:--the completion of the canals out of their own surplus revenues? If the canals were not doing a good business, if their tonnage was de. creasing. there might be some ground for devi- ating from a policy determined on by the people after the fullest consideration, and borrowing money to effect alterations which would ia- crease their revenue. But to propose such a thing when the most careless glance at the figures show that the canals have no rival for the carriage of bulky articles, that their traffic is steadily and rapidly increasing, and that within the last six years nearly four and a half millions have been stolen from the treasury with- out reducing their revenues below the usual standard,is really a pinnacle of audacity at which plain men will stand aghast with amazement. Let the canals complete the canals. Let the old rates of tolls be established. Produce can well afford to pay them. Had they been in ex- istence during the year 1853, the State would now have been richer by $1.687,000, and that sum could have been laid by for the works of enlargement and completion now in progress. At the rate traffic is increasing, the surplas this year would exceed $2,000,000; and in less than four years from Ist January, 1853, the eum re- quired for the enlargement would he entirely raised. The tolls might then be diminished as low as possible. This is the simple natural, and logical mode of managing the matter. Any other is a palpable glaring breach of public faith, a detestable fraud on the public. It may prevail nevertheless. The men who own boats, live on the canal, and are interested in the expenditure of more money thereon, can control, it is said, one fifth of the total State vote. With these secured and a strong proba- bility of apathy among the general public, the projectors and abettors of the fraud are going boldly to the polls. Tue Kansas-Nepraska Bit. 1x Dancer — For the first time since the Kansas-Nebraska bill was laid before tae public, we see a formi- dable danger awaiting it. The Union has come out with an angry article in favor of Judge Douglas. Tired of opposing hin—bafiled in its attempt to make it appear that he was only the instrument of the President in the mat- ter—the administration organ has finally wound its courage up to the sticking point, aud pronounces Mr. Douglas the pink of patriotism. This is alarming, ominous. The embraces of some wild beasts are more ter- rible than an open show of their claws; the Union belongs to this class, and we had rather ceteris paribus, see it abuse than praise us. Its anger can be borne. Men have been known to withstand its torrents of invective, without loss of political reputation or social standing. But its favor is more than any ordinary indi- vidual can long endure. We warn Mr. Douglas in time. Let him remember the hackneyed old adage about the Greeks and their gifts, and bribe the Union, if no other influence can be brought to bear, to attack him as it used to do. Presented to the country as the victim of the administration organ, his popularity is safe; the sponsorship of the Union would be fatal to any man. Fatal in every way. Fatal from the intrinsic feebleness of the administration journal, which absolutely tempts idle writers to demolish it by way of mere pastime, as boys break glass bot- tles. Fatal from the unparalleled tergiversa tion and want of principle displayed by the Cabinct whose organ it purports to be. Just let Mr. Douglas look back a few weeks, and trace the course of the administration since Septem- ber last. Let him always remember its boast that it was and is a unit; and then let him say whether he is willing to go to the country as its champion under the wis of the Union news- papers - in September the U’nion was the most rabid advocate of the Compromise that could be found in the country. Shortly afterwards Jefferson Davis published to the world the Cabinet alli- ance with the Van Buren free soil dynasty of this State. Guthrie dismissed Collector Bron- son because he would not appoint free soilers to office. By way of counterbalancing these freaks, Cushing. who doesn’t mind such triflos as politi- cal principles and is ready tobe a whig to-morrow as he was under Tyler, or a “soft” as he was when he got up the Massachusetts coalitions, wrote a letter denouncing these same coalitions and surpassed the adamantines in the strictness of his orthodoxy. Meanwhile the administra- tion labored vigorously to defeat the compro- mise candidates in Mississippi, Georgia, and Alabama, Having formed a close alliance with the secessionists in the South, it ratified Davis's peace offering in this State, and threw itself bodily into the arms of the free soilers. Then the Union discovered that the compromise was a mistake. It repudiated its doctrines, and de- rided its language. It openly confesse@ that the Baltimore platform was a fraud upon the people, declared that Pierce could not have heen elected, had the leaders not understood the hoax, and planted the administration on a platform whose only principle was the division of the spoils, It was hard to say at this time what were the administration poli- tics. It advocated free soilism in the North, secession in the South; and plander at Wash- ington. Under these circumstances the Ne- braska bill came up. The administration was probably divided on the subject. Pierce, hav- ing been o free soiler in 1848, and having abused slavery as stoutly as Lloyd Garrison or Greeley, was probably in favor of the bill: while the chances are that Cushing, having written a letter to “crush out” free soilism two months before, and being somewhat jealous of Douglas, looked upon it with dislike. Be- tween the two contending factions, it was re- solved to endorse the measure, but not to men- tion the Missouri compromise. It would seem: however, that Heaven had decreed that the Cabinet should not remain of the same mind on any subject for two consecutive weeks. A few days afterwards the Union came out traikly and plainly for the repeal of the law of 1820. The President was afraid of Douglas. Accord- ingly the Union tried hard to persuade its readers that the Senator from Illinois was the mere tool of the Cabinet, and that the glory of the Kansas-Nebracka bill of right belonged to Mr. Pierce. This lasted till a day or two since, when the Cabinet organ effected its last acro- ba@ic feat, aud became the apologist and enco- miast of Mr. Douglas. Next month will pro- bably find it among the opponents of the measure. We see around us tangible signs of some such change. A further alliance between the Northern freesoilers aud the Cabinet is on the tapis, and from Mr. Cushing’s well known talents as a negotiator we have no doubt that it will succeed. More of the opposition to the bill than people suspect is actually the work of the administration. If the bill were defeated in the House, Mr. Pierce would gain all the credit of having supported it to the best of his ability, and his real friends here would be satisfied with the secret evidences of the sym- pathy he has already given them. These ap- prehensions are founded on substantial facts. The only guarantee we could find against some such legerdemain as we anticipate would be in the character of the President. If he were a man of unsuspected integrity and unflinching adherence to principle, we might dismiss anxiety from our mind. With the evidence be- fore us of Mr. Pierce’s rabid abolitionism in 1847 and 1848, of his vacillating course siuce bis inauguration, of the contradictions between his messages and his acts, ofhis broken promises to such men as John A. Dix and others in this State, of his prevarications and unprincipled denials of notorious facts through his organ, we must prepare for the worst. Tue Gapspen Treaty—Santa Anna Very Harp vp.—If the Senate intend to ratify the Gadsden treaty, now is the time to do it. Santa Anna is very hard up for money, and must be relieved, or everything—treaty, Garay grant, Sloo grant, Cooke’s wagon route, and Santa Anna himself—will all be knocked in the head. : According to our last news from Mexico, Santa Anna had issued a decree imposing a tax of two per cent upon loans of accommoda- tion; also a decree taxing windows, doors and balconies. This is a desperate expedient to raise the wind—a humiliating confession of the real solution of the Gadsden treaty. What a relief to Santa Anna in this extremity would be three millions, cash down, upon the ratifica- tion of the treaty, and three or four millions qwarterly till the whole fifteen were exhausted! And this window, door and balcony tax is probably the last alternative for tempory sup- plies to stave off a revolution. If he attempts an exaction of the church, the church may re- volt, and the church is the power behind the throne greater than the Emperor. It is manifest, without this Gadsden treaty. or supplies in some way from our government, that Santa Anna’s empire will speedily end in arevolution. .The practical issue is between Santa Anna and Captain Walker, and the prac- tical question before the Senate is whether they shall pay out twenty millions to establish a monarchy in Mexico, or leave ihe matter to be settled in a “free fight” between the dictator and the liberating hero of “ manifest destiny.” Captain Walker is the champion of republican principles; but pass this treaty, and we give Santa Anna the sinews of war for “crushing out” the new republic of Lower California, and placing it under the despotic institutions of an imperial dynasty. Santa Anna is hard-up, very hard-up. But between starving him out, and starving Mexico into annexation on the one hand, and setting him up in the tcm-foolery of a Mexican empire at a useless expense of twenty millions of dol- lars, we adhere to the opinion that the treaty ought to be rejected. This door, window and balcony tax is very significant. It shows that the crisis is at hand for the Senate to choose be- tween extravagant subsidies for no satisfactory equivalents, and “ masterly inactivity,” which will give us, ina year or two, the whole of Mexico in the lump. Let the Senate consider these things, and act accordingly. Koszta tv a Fortorn State, pvr Not Quite Drsertev.—Backed up by Secretary Marcy and the administration, Martin Koszta, afew months ago, like Julius Cesar, “might have stood against the world.” Now, like the fallen dictator of Rome, “there are none (of the Cabinet) so poor as to do him reverence.” Having squeezed all the juice out of the orange, they have cast the rind away. But though deserted by the ad- ministration, though left by Marcy to the bless- ed privilege of starving ina free country for lack of employment. poor Koszta is not alto- gether deserted. We understand that Mr. Kedzie, a generous attorney of Chicago, Illinois, having seen in theNew York Hrratp a report of Koszta’s des- titute condition, wrote him a letter with « promise to support him until he may become sufficiently acquainted with American law to open an office for himself. The letter also co vered an order on Mr. Wright, of No. 93 Liberty street, for fifty dollars to defray the travelling expenses of the said Koszta to Chicago, should he accept the first condition. We farther under- stand that Mr. Genio C. Scott, a leader of the fashions, advised Koszta to accept this liberal offer by all means, which he did. Then calling upon Mr. Wright, that gentleman not only paid over to him the fifty dollars of the order, but went with bim to the President of the Erie Railroad, and procured for him a through ticket to Chicago, for which place he was to have left yesterday morning. What a commentary is this upon official pa- tronage. It was but the other day that the treasury, the army and the navy, the President and the Cabinet, and Congress and all, were at the service of Koszta. Capt. Ingraham, who in- terfered so bravely in recovering him from the Austrians, was directly broughi forward as a candidate for President of the United States at the next election. Marcy laid himself out for the support of the Germans, in that tremendous Korzta letter, running the risk of a war with Austria in bebalf of the inchoate American citi- zen and his inalienable rights. But the instant Koszta lands upon our shores the spell is broken—the man has been used ap—the lion is defunct; and the poor man calls upon Secre- tary Marcy, and the President, and the Cabi- net, and Congress, only to discover that“ have other firh to fry. Let Koazta, by means, station himself with his friend at Chi: go, study law, and study politics, and a f years hence he may be returned to Congr and expound the fundamental principles American citizenship, to the confusion of Mar and all concerned. Let Koszta go heartily ir the law and politico, and taking the right si on the Nebraska question, keep a sharp lo’ out for Congress, Vouuntary aNnp INVOLUNTARY ServitupE Mr. Everett and others have laid great str on the moral iniquity of slavery in their obj, tions to the Kansaz-Nebraska bill. This » one of the favorite arguments of Frank Pierce in the days when he was so vig\ against the Southern institution: and is peated daily by those who were then his all” ‘ and eoadjutors. ‘To us it seems that the mor _ ity or immorality of a system of labor must measured by its .effects. If it can be sho that involuntary servitude engenders m vice and crime than voluntary labor, then } Pierce’s old argument holds good. If, on ¢ contrary, the preponderance of viee and cri is on the side of free labor, it does appear ; tent to us that so far as morality is concern the South ought to pity and blame us, inste ofour assailing them. We gave a day or t since a few figures showing the trighy amount of pauperism in Massachusetts ; a one conversant with the subject can dedv therefrom the amount of vice and crime whi so large a proportion of want must have eng: dered. Those, too, who have had the benefit & personal acquaintance with the state of socie at Lowell, can speak on that point w still stronger effect. The late report of { Chief of Police for this city supplies the sa’ information so far as we are concerned. It: . pears that during the last eight years, t hundred thousand arrests have been made this city for assault and battery, disorde: conduct, fighting in the streets, intoxicati: and vagrancy. This is about one-third of o total population, and though Mr, Matsell geniously endeavors to explain two-thirds the number away, the fact still remains that New York arrests and popniation stand to ea other in the unparalleled relative proportion one to three for the last eight years. Nor is the any sign of improvement visible. On the contra we are growing worse. During the six ment ending December 31, 1853, the number of : rests in this city was 22,236, giving an avera for the year of 44,472, or about one-twelfth the total population. Every twelfth pers! among us is arrested for vice or crime on @ year. : Can any abolitionist produce such a record this for any Southern city? Till they ean, t’ less they say of the immorality of slavery t better. Tuat Scartet Lerrer Once Morg.—YV shall have something further to say short upon the free soil antecedents and associatio of Gen. Piero’ ; but, in the meantime, we ask Mr. John Cochrane, is that scar!ot letter of 18 lost, or mislaid, or embargoed by an order fro Washington? We should think that the Hc Mike Walsh, having stood for some time on t) anti-slavery-platform with Gen. Pierce, oug to have sufficient influence over him to procu an order for the publication of that letter. W not the honorable member from ‘the blow Sixth” make an effort to bring out that letter. that scarlet letter, that free soil Van Buren k hid to John Cochrane, of 1848? Suppose ! tries. j A Parting Compliment to Capt. Cright: of the Three Bells. A handsome entertainment was given yesterday, > board the steamebip Pacific, sy Captain Nye to Capta Crighton of the ship Tres Bells. As it was intonded si: ply asa parting compliment from the gallant command Of the Pacific to a brother Captain whose noble intrepic ty and daring have gained for him # world-wide celebrit there were but few gevtlonen presént on the occasio These were Mr. E. K. Collins, Captain Luce of tl Arctic, Captain ‘Tinkham, Colenel Cowdea a: Mr. Andrews, There was something, howeve more than & mere compliment in this; it w the tribute of respect which one humane and true-hear ¢d man always delights to pay to another. Capt. Ny it may be rexewbered, caved the livesof eleven or twelt Deracns off the coast of England about a year ago, and ‘was but natural that he should feel « kindred sympath towards Capt. Crighton, and des.re to express bis estes: for his noble conduct, before his departure from ov thores. Such fcelicgs are ennobling to any man, an partioulsriy ro to the ssilor, whore life is so fall of per and danger. Captgin Crighton is not an Eoglishman, s has been erroneously supposed, bu: a Scotchman, andi in in appearance and bearing, as well as in ebaracter, credit to his country. A mre modest, unassuming ar gentlemanly man we bave reldom met, nor one who hay ing performed noble xct eeems to think lees about {i We trust that wherever he sails he will meet with favors ble winds, sod that truo frieuds will greet him at ever port be enters, Brief speeches, of » complimentary character to th the other gentleme Lo ver t| here, but we trast'it will not be bie leat nt Se#t vil Tnx Scrras ov ToRKEY IN THe MARRERSTan Preomasn 0 4 Naw Sreamen.—It ia reported that the new steams now bulldirg sccording to the plaa of General Norris, 0 Philadelphia, which is fntended to make the ran t Barope in six days, is cold to the Sulian of Tarkey, Str is near y competed. The vesne! will be 230 feet long, 3! fest beam, snd will draw seven fest six inches water. Sh ‘will be 1,490 tone burthen, wih a draft of 1,000 tons, de kelsons are made of cetai, hollow, and many other part ofthe ship are alike. She is sold to the Sultan for $750 000, without any trial. It is expected she will soor put to sea. Srreet Commissioner Rzsicvay.—Mr. Henry Arcularius who has hilé the office of Street Commissioner of thi: city for some time past, has resigned his post, It is to be regretted that he (id not leave @ cleaner record of hi acie upoa the bcoks or the streets of the city. City Politics, Yorye May's Dewooaanic Rercaucan @xverat Comat Tay —The regular weekly meeting of this committes wai held last night at the Stayvesani Institute. C. Godfrey Gvuvtber, bq. the President of the Committes, was ir the ebair, Toe constitution and by Jaws of the were takeo up f-r consideration, besides whieh there wat Bo business ef importance. Marine Affairs. Tit Stransiy Fraxcuy, Capt. Wottom, leaves to-day for Havre, She bad shout forty passengers engaged yes" terday, and over $100 600 ia apecte, Gueat CHaRTER.—The American clipper ship Racer, of New York, 1,600 tons, has been chartered from Londoe to Sydney, N 8. W., forthe round sum of £10,000, aac from Calcut'a back to Lonton for £3,000, stated to be one of the heaviest ebarters over recorded. Meeting of the New York Horticuitacal Society. This scolety held an adjourned meeting at its rooms, No, €60 Broadway, Inst evecing The meeting was thinly attended. It wes called to crder by Mr, P, B, Mond, Seoretaty, and Mr. Piece took the chair. The committes on the eprirg exhibition made a report stating thet the interests of the society will be best neoure’ by foregoing the ep-iog exhibition altogether. This report wes adopted. The resolution orcertog ® spring exmibition was reocosidered and laid ov the Mr, Roce « bot he had heard an outside rumor, thet thy society bad intended to re: curred for prem tues by the last exhibitions, ‘This statercent was contracicted by several members. In avewer to an uicy. the Seoretary said tha: the society owed about premiams, A resolation was adopted, stating that the society 17" “po asserts its intention and earasst desire te Der (9