The New York Herald Newspaper, February 7, 1854, Page 2

Ghe Cadsden ‘reaty—The Geographical Portion of Sonora and Chihuahua, In order to lay before our readers an authentic ac: | count of the country embraced within the limits of the boundary line in the contemplated treaty of Gen. Gadsden, we have mace diligent inquiries of gentle men who have visited it, and vay been so fortunate as to obtain information of te most reli ble charac- Ber in regard to st. For mn>h of this in ormation we are indebted to advance sheets o' the personal nar” rative of Mr. Bartlett 1a; United States Commis- sioner, of his expior+t ons ia T xas, New Mexico, California, Sonora aad Chihuahua. The journeys of Mr. Bartlett extend throughout the territory in question crossing ani recroasing i at various points, in connect on with thesurvey,and while passing from the Rio Grande, by way of the Gila, to California and back again. Without enter- Ing further into the numerous topics embraced in volumes, we have merely exauined that portion of it which refers to the district which will be included in the proposed purchase. First is the Mesills country, misnamed a “ valley,” which is neither more nor less than the bottom land pf the Rio Grande. Following up this river above El ‘Paso there first comes a mountain district six or eight miles in extent, through which the river has forced & paseage, after which the bottom lands appear. ‘These extend along both sides of tue river, and vary from one to two miles in wid:h, until other hills and mountains agwin approach, some forty miles above. The “ initial point,” or southern boundary of New Mexico, strikes the Rio Grande st 32 deg. 22 min. morth latitude, as fixed by the com nission— about thirty miles north of the mountain pass re- ferred to—and within this district lies the Mesilla Valley, which is a small table or plateau, as its name La Mesilla (little table) indicates, elevated a fee feet above the other bott.m lands of the river ‘This is some eight or ten miles long, and on it is the Mexican village known as La Mesilla. The alluvial or bottom land of the Rio Grane 's rendered exceedingly fertile by artific’al irrigation This is done by cutting canals and ditchss from the river, which conduct the water to it ; and at the pr- per season, after the seed is plauted, the land is over flowed. Without this artificial inundation the soil will produce nothing, as for nine or ten monrhs ia the year no rain falis. But there is much uacertain- ty about the river, for it often happens that it does Not rise sufficiently to fill the “‘acequias”’ or irrigating canals, when the result is a total failure of the crops- ‘This is of frequent occurrence, and Mr. Bartlett men- tions several instances where large tracts of rich bot- tom land opposite La Mesilla, which were ploughed, planted, and intersected by the necessary canals, pro- duced nothing for the want of water. It appears, foo, that if the Mesi'la side is all planted and irrigat- ed that there will not be water enough left to irrigate the opposite side. are irrigated and overflowed the same as the Gelds, without which they would yieid little or nothing, so dry is the soil. Such seems to be the character of She valley of the Rio Grande, of which the Missilla is @ portion. The land is fertile, aud with plenty of water prodaces large crops. Leaving the basin of the Rio Grande we ascend to the plateau, which is trom one hundred to one hun- dred and twenty feet above, and has a gentle rise be, yond. This plateau is little better than a desert, and Cannot be made to produce anything for the fuod of man of beast. It extends as far as the eye can reach, | river the crops entirel Even the vineyards near El Paso | ly fail. Sone fine haciendas were noticed which had been abandoned for want of water to rrigate the adjacent lands. Leav:: g this valley and proceeding west, we have a deser’ plain of a out \ ree :uacred miles in exten of the most desolate d s ription, without wood, wa- ter or grass, and reach'n. to Solora to river and | tothe Gulf o' Califorsix, Not a living stream is | kuown to exist bere, nor ia itthe home of hamanbe- | ings. Of quadrupeis an ovcysional starving wolf | sends up @ howl, or a bare {lits across the pava; but | besides theee animal life is chiefly confiued to lizards, horned frogs, rattlesnakes, centipedes, tarantulas, | scorpions and other noxious reptiles. The feathered | tribe shun ites much »8 man, the crow and hawk, | which feed upon the reptiles, alone being seen there. | | The vegetation of this desert is confined to the | thorny chapperal, which is but sparsely scattered | over it, and to plantsof the cactus family, of which | this work, which will extend to two large octavo | there is a great variety. Isolated hills rise up sud- den!y from the plain, and short mountain ridges in- } tersect it atlong intervals, both alike destitute of trees, ‘The river Gila is but a small stream, and can never be made naviguble. In times of great freshets flat- | bottomed boats may pass up about two hundred | miles, but at no other time. Mr. Rgrtlett, with his | surveying parties, spent several weeks along the | margin of this river, and in July found itdry at the Peino villages, where the Indians had turned off the whole streanrto irrigate their lauds. This people, vated for the last one hundred and ffty years, and perbaps centuries before, for it is near this place that those remarkable edifices of some ancient race are found of which eo much has been said. Mr. Bartlett visited these ruins, and has given usa full account of them. There are some other portions of the valley of the Gila that might be brought under cultivation, but the larger portion is sand and gravel, ard can never be tilied. Along the Colorado are some good bottom lands, but these are subject to great inundations whenever the annual rise in the river takes place. To what extent they can be rendered available is not known, as ro thorongh examination has been made of this part of the country. Its banks are thickly wooded with cott-nwoods and willows. About the parallel of 31 degrees we strike the sources of the streams which flow towards the Gulf of California, but few of which reach there. Exposed to a scorching sun, and led off to irrigate the adja- cent lands, they are much diminished in the quanti- ty of water they bear, and are finally absorbed in the deserts Mr. Bartlett traversed a considerable portion of Sonora and Chihuahua, aud describes the few ribands of cotton Jands, at wide intervals apart, as posse: sing great fertility; but except these there | is no arable land—all the rest is mountain or desert. In Chihuahua, however, a portion of the elevated platean is well adapted to grazing; but this is south | of the parallel alluded to. The same appears to be the case in Svnora, its southern portion being better | watered with larger streams, and consequently has more extensive bottom lands. | We gain a little in territory by the curve the line takes {rom E! Paso westward, as it is toran three | miles south of Lake Guzman. This is a body of ; water about twenty miles ia length, aud about six in width at ifs widest poiat; but the land around it is no better than that further north. In times of great floods the waters of the Mimbres sometimes reach Dnlimited by bill or mountiia, sowarda the west, ex- | this Jake, but that is seldom. Near its southern ex- Cepting an occasioual Kaob or conical hill. This open plain commences vearly opposi'e Dona Ana, where some hills ocsur, but beyond that it extends further to the no:th. This plain, during afew weeks in July and August, when there may be rain, is cov- fred with a short thin grass, which rapidly springs up, and, with the scorching heats that follow, as ra- pidly disappears. This grass only covers a portion pf the high plateau, for as we proceed west there gre broad districts where not a blade is to be seen, | ‘and where the thorny chappersl and other desert plants are aloe found. ‘The first considerable range of m>untaias is about hundred miles west of the Rio Grande. This is passed through defiles, when another broad plain is reached, with a mountain chain on its oppisite side. These alternate districts of broad desert plains aud mountain ridges occur over a space of about tw hundred and fifty miles, when we reach the river San Pedro, the first continuous stream of water met with in this wide district. Emigrants and travellers de- pend upon water found at some small springs at great distances apart The first are some water holes dug by Colonel Cooke, near Las Piayas, or the Dry Lake, nearly one hundred and fifty miles from the Rio Grande, which renders it impracticable to pass directly west from the river. If we pass within our own territory we find the first water at Cooke's spring, fifiy miles from the Rio Grande; then the Mimbres, twenty miles further, a dimiuutive stream, which is lost in the plain before it reaches Mexican territory. In this way we pass from the Rio Grande, south of our line, to the San Pedro, without finding a single spot where any con- siderable number of animals can find grass enough for a hearty meal, much less a place where a colony ora military post coud be su ported. The plains are without trees or shrubs, save only the mezquit chapperal, a stunted bush,armed with hideous thorns, compelling the traveller to give them a wide berth. The trees found in the mountains are chiefly live and post oaks, though on the summits of the higher ones pines are found. Water is also found in many of the defiles of the mouvtains, so that travellers endeavor | to reach them before giving up. These deflles and valleys possess great attractions for the weary and thirsty traveller after traversing the arid plains, 93 | they furnish him with wood, water, grass aud an agreeable shade. too, that game is found. The river San Pedro is a small stream, and when | first crossed by Mr. Bartlett, about thirty-five miles west of our boundary, was about two feet deep and twenty wide. When he crossed it again, some fifty miles further towards its head, he found it but afew inches deep, and less than ten in width. There was no tillable land here, for the stream wasso far below the valley that it could not be used for irrigation to advantage; but the grass land was good, and well adapted to the rearing of large herds of cattle, for which there were formerly many baciendas here, | but which have long since been abandoned, and are | now in ruins. There are no villages or settlements on the San Pedro. I discharges itvelf int» the Gila, but for some forty or fifty miles it courses throagh mountains where there is no valley. Of its entire Jength about one half is through a good graziog country, with little if any tillable land—the re Mainder is mountainous Proceeding west we find alte-nate districts of desert and grasey plains until we strike the Santa Cros, a small stream which rises near the sources | of the San Pedro, and after s course of ninety or a hundred miles, in which it several times disappears, is finally swallowed up in the sands of the desert. | Along this stream are the small villages of Santa Cruz, Tubac, and Tucson, each containing from 200 bo 300 inhabitants, who eke out a miserable exist- ence of indolence and poverty. The two former, in Consequence of the inroads of the Indians, had been entirely abandoned by the inhabitants, and were re- | colonized about the time of the visit of the bouu- Gary commission. Troopsare now maintained at all these places, without which the Apaches would extirpate the people. Tho valley of the Santa Cruz is described by Mr. Bartlett as very beautiful and of great fertility; but he was here first in September and October, just after the rains, and again in July, in the midst of the rainy season, when nature had assumed her brightest aspect. Is is well wooded, sometines for miles, with thich groves of meazquit trees, aud at others with large cottonwoods aad walnuts. By artificial irrigation these lands are rendered very productive—yieldieg corn, wheat, beans, and vege tables, together with varions kinds of frait. Rut there is here, too, a great deficiency of water, as the gtream is sma'l; 2) that when there is no rise in the | It is only in these secluded places, | | tremity it receives the San Miguel, or Casas Grandes, river, a very considerable stream, flowing from the | south, and fertilizing one of the richest valleys in , Chihuahua; but, unfortunately, we get but two er three miles of tais valley, and that of no value, in | consequence of the contigaity of hills there. Much has been said of the value of Cooke’s wagon | Toad as a means of communication with California— an idea which seems to have been formed in error, for it appears by the narrative of this j cflicer, that in his march from New Mexico to Cali- fornia he was compelled to go about a hanired | miles out of his way in order to strike an old travel- | led mule path which the Mexicans had followed for nearly two centuries as their only communication be- tween the States of Sonora and Chihuahua. The | broad open plain which we have been describing lay before bim, aud seemed to present am easy and | direct route to the Gila; but it had never been tra- versed, ond his guides—one of whom was the cele- brated Lerevx—not knowing of the existence ef water there, recommended Colonel Cooke to diverge to the scuth and strike this path. This gallant of- ficer, unwilling to risk the lives of his brigade of nearly five hundred men on a pathless and uoknowa | plain, very prudently took the longer route, which | was known, and where his guides kaew water was | to be found. But even here taey suffered much from thirst, as it was fifty-two miles from Ojo de Vaca before they reached the Playa, were an abundance | of water wus procured. In Mr. Bartlett’s narrative we find the details of three journeys made through | the Guadalupe Pass on Cooke's road, which show | that it is anything bu’ practicable for wagons. Col. Cooke set his men at work on it, and after much | labor succeeded in opening it. But it seems to be a | terrific place to pass, and the journeys of the boun- | dary commission across the country to the north | show that there are other routes far more practica+ | ble, shunning the Sierra Madre entirely, and short- | ening the distance to the valley of the Gila full a hundred miles. This road and the Guadalupe Pass over the mountains does not, therefore, appear te have any value to us. The geography of northern Souora, from the per- | sonal observations of Mr. Bartlett, who crossed the | State by two different routes, is found to differ mate- | Tially from that laid down on the maps we have seen, and is quite at variance with the latest map of the Topographical Bureau, published in 1860. Tae San Ignacio river of that and some other maps runs westward and empties into a lake near the Galf, | ‘This river, being referred to in the treaty, may lead | to perplexities if it is not found where it is laid down on the map. According to Mr. Bartlett's map, it | has its rise in another quarter, pursues a southerly | course, and is lost ia the sands. As the United | States bas already become involved in a dispute | with regard to the boundary, growing out of several glaring errors on Disturnell's map, which the com- missioners used when they agreed upon the treaty | of Guadalupe Hidalgo, it should caution our Miais- | ters avd the framers of treaties to avoid maps en- | tively, unless they find one based upon astronomical observations, or t define the boundaries by paral- lels and meridias The great geographical featares | ofa country, such as chains of mountains, rivers | end towns, are the safest guides ; bat when they ar | incorrectly laid down confusion must necessarily follow, as was the case wita the Mexican boundary, growing out of the erroneons position of El Paso. Such 1s the country embraced iu the Gadsden treaty, being nothing more nor less than the poorest slice from the desolate deserts of Sonora. Shall twenty millions of money for the relief of Santa Anna ‘and a few speculators be paid for such an equiva- lent as this? God forbid! Later from the Plains. | ARRIVAL OF THE SALT LAKE MAIL AT INDSPENDRENCR, | MO.—PROUBLDS WITH THE INDIANS—INDIAN WARS —THE UTABS AND CAPT. GUNNISON. ‘The following despatch from Independence, Mo., to the St. Louis Republican, is dated Jan. 31: The Fort Laramie mail arrived at 4 o'clock this afternoon. Mr. K. W, Ailisgn, the conductor, brings the December toail from Salt Lake, the January mail not haying reacbed Laramie on the night of the 19th January. Mr. Allison encountered suow storms for six days. The auimels belonging to the line all broke di wa. Mr, Alison was moch annoyed by the Cheyenne Ind ans on the way; they took all the bedding and rovisions belcnging to the mail company. The Bioux gave them provisions and were very friendly. The Cheyennes and Sioux are coming out to make war on the Pawnees; several skirmishes have taken | place, and a number of Pawnees haye been killed. The Utah Indians still affirm Capt. Gunnison | and his party were taken for Mormons, the Mormons had been infringing upon thelr rights and settling upon their est lands. and another tribe, cailed the Cocomaricopas, ocoaupy | the best lands along the Gila, which they have culti- | ARRIVAL OF THE BLACK WARRIOR. VERY LATE FROM CUBA. The steamebip Black Warrior, James D Ballock, Com | manier, arrived yesterday morning. Sne brings 34 pas sengers, and 900 bales cotton on freight. The Blasx Warrior left Mobile at 11:30 P.M on the 28th January, and arrived at Hevava at 7 A. M on the Slet. The steamship Philadelphia arrived at ths same time, Dothing of interest was transpiring at Hrvane, The weather was exceedingly pleasant. The opsra troupe, com sisting of Steffanope, Salvi, and others bad na/l some dif- fioulty with the managers, which,pre veated their contem- plated engagement at the time «pecified The Black Warrior left Havana at 7 A.M on the lat net Left the Philadelphia in port—sne was to sail at 8 AM The Black Warrior experienced strong gales from the northward and weetward accompanied with # very heavy soa. ‘The weather had beem exceedingly pleasaat for some time past. Tag (allan Opera Company, consisting of 3teffapone, Salvi, and others, had some difficulty wish the managers, which prevented their contemplated engegement at the time rpecified. Engineer: had arrived frcm Spain, sent out by govern- ment to make a thorough examication of the mountains and forests of the island. The Captain General received an official communtostion, dated Cadis, January 6, 1854, annoancing taat the Queen had given birth to am ‘august princess” The fides citizens of Havana would be, in consequence, ousted of their feastings and rejoicings, which were to have taken | place on the birth of an “august prince.” His Exoel- Tency had fixed the 30th ult. for the celebration of the birthday of her royal highness, Iafanta Dona Louisa Fer- manéa. Advices from Caracas, Venesuela, were received at Ha’ vara to the 7th of January, up to which date nothing worthy of notice had occurred. The interior peaceof that country remaized undisturbed. The Dicrio de la Marina of the Slst ult. has an article upon the imports and exports of the island, with the Bri- tib, French, German, and Belgian ports, and also with the United States. Of Caban commerce with England, it gaye that the balance shows that of the $5 638 824 26 value of goods introduce! inte Cada from the British do minions, more than three fourths, to wit, $4 272 9136 }¢ ar | rivedunder the Spanish fisg. An equal belance is preserved, however, seeing that of the exports of the Island, amouat- tng to $5 486,077 23. @ very small portion, (81 044,927 7,) isteken away by Spacish vessels. The whole trade with Great Britain amounts to $11,125,601 7 The importation of French msrebandiae ia'o the island amounted in 1862 to $2 213,954 454. of which all that came under the Spanish flog was $1 715,301 2% Tae ex- portation of fruits to the French dominions was to the exten! of $1,513,368 73;—the whole trade with France | being to the extent of $2,716,743 3 ‘To Germany the imports were to. the vale of $1,103, 002.6, and the exports to $1,600,165 734. the total being $2,702,168 534. In thi matioual ships were engaged to the extent ef $013,631 2 in the tmporcation of merchan. dise and $610,886 634 in the exportation of fruits Cuban trade with Bsigiam ir to the extent of $493 908 1 in importations, and $311,260 234 in exportations—total, $815,168 8, O! there imporiations, only to the amount of $47,469 33¢ was introcuoed by foreign shipping. With the Uotteo States, the trade of Cubs is to the ex- tent of $19,628.904 4, to wit: $6,552 686 6 in imports- tions, and $12 076 408 7 injexportations Of this large trate the natiopal merchan: wbipping 1s engaged tos trifling extent, viz : $339,720 334, Oar Havana Correspondence, Havana, January 20, 1854. Reports of Mr. Sowe’s Death in Havana—Cummentarics on the President's Message in Spain—Crops at Porto Ricom Mortality at St. Thomas—The Siave Trade kept up—More about the Introduction of Free Labor—Rumors that the Squadron are to Rendezvous at Havana dc. ‘The arrival of the Spanish mail and war steamor this morning, from Cadiz, has dirabased our expectations of an heir to the Spanish monarchy, and cut off our calculs tions for a few daya more, of idle folly in royal feastinr— saving our powder for @ more convenlent season. Tae sad and the glad are s >out equal in our community, and there will probably be no political convulsion here be- cause the Queen would not havea son. We have refate- tion,also,of news reosived by the British steamer—by p:i- vate letters from Paris—vary ciroumsiantial, of the death of P. Boulé, which 1s rather gratifying except to the Cata- Jans, and the ‘out and ont” royalists, who hoped that the Yankee minister might be killed, and proposed to have him taken home “‘frisdin oil.” Such are the exclama tions made by the people of the most enlightened nation in the world. By a Cadis paper, ZI Comercio, we have re- ceived commentaries upon the mesvage of President Pierce, the affairs of Ouba, and extracts from all the perl- Odieals of the day, previous to sailing of the steamer, which I shall endeavor to send you for revie ¥, especially of a preposition to demonstrate seven or elght hy pothesis given in view of the peacefal relations subsisting, or the possibly belligerent coadition that may obtelm betwoon the United States and Spain. Tne accounts from Porto Rico as to the crops, are favorable, although from bad weather many estatos had ceased rolling for a few days Strict quarantine is established with all vessels coming from the vicinity of St. Thomas, and the steamers com- municate by boats only from outside. The mortality re- ported at St. Thomas amounts to 1,400 out of the whole population, up to the departure of the British West India mail steamer Teviot. I saw anmounced among the pas- sengers bythe British st-amer, Wiliam Sidaey Smith, whe hes returaed to his placa ie the British Consul Gene- ral's office at Havana—thus giving :espoare to the teiqal- tous allegation made at hiscepurture from Cubs, that he wen compelled to .eave the isiand By frivads of this gea- tleman, Tam info: med that he su :cecded in the private Dusiness which took bim tw Eoglaud, and that he returns ‘to his poet ard bir much appreciated associations with vastly improvec health. The preparation for the introduction of Africanus at T:in- continues {0 Occupy the attention of spsea- ter into the contraband business with moe Teo of th Portuguese ad the jatier vi by the first #teamer Both will go to New York y ‘arrior or Philsdeiphia, for the purpose <f carry: ing out their plans by the pecorem: od fitting of suicable vessels for the trade. They #ere armed with large credits upon houses hire based upos Afcioan blood, wh oh are traveferred to bankers of your eity Gen Pegarls bas referred (b+ su”j-ot of the introduc tion of colonists from Afriss to the aveisty called “Friends of ths Country,’’ for advice as to the advantages to be de. rived, anc the best mode for conducting and introducing the emigration, after be hed log devermined the policy sad permitied orgavizstion under it, which isalresdy im ope- ration. The “sober second thought” her been euszesied, to roreen himself from fature responsibility should evil ensue to the country from the substitusdoa or wader the redundant foros of the colored race,by having it of record that the @ visoryc unsel of state supposed to be devoted to the interests of the peo, ani tne industry of the country, recommended the measures, to which he had con. formed, &c The Junte was individually discussed and sounded before (hey were trusted with the sanjest, sad the commitree of referenre, who are well knowa, are 40 a: pelled from position and interent to decide as has beea indirectly indicated to them. If their contracts whi ah have been very carefully phrased, had aay restric’ clauses as to length of service, or the parmite which ba\ been iseued were for any cefined numer or qaantity, it Would produce an impression upon my mind that there wan at least rincerity fa the purpose of iuatituding free Inbor by our chief; as it 8 appearance is only for le gniizing slavery ie ures —good for lifetime ; Dut iteould endure no longer. It was also suggested in the letter of.the Captain General to ie “ (rieads of tar country,” thst they should give their views as to the pro portionate sup ly for the future wauts of lator wien w ght beesliulated upon by procreetion. This subject bea been discussed and weigheo through all classe sof «ar community, Tho-e who have no laterest ia uegto pro- perty are afraid of the consequences of this rapid increase, iis believed that over 200,000 may be introduced iow emon'h, if they can ce wstrapprd, keduoed or pat- There is no affectation of conoesimeat as to (he 1s ope andi on the ¢ Thowe thet gct into Cabs witbout knowls: goof the «uprem ty will be bold ws slaves witnout monthly pa this cannot be effected they will place the figures for years to «uit themselves in the ceutrac , whien will be likly to cover Jife ; while the er umeration of cargoes will be made or amall aa possible, in conformity with the facile reienee of the agent who may have the counting registry im obi and when released he was instrauc'ed ‘the isla quarter of the city that the homs equad- ro. of the Usited States is to rendesvous bi the course of a couple of weeks ; that t sloops-of-war Decatur Oya: st amers Fulton and Vixen, fer what cause we do not learn, bu: 1 presume to lay ia their anoual supply of regars and sweetmeats for resrea- tloo, perbapr, aco.ber summer opon the fahing grounds. We bave several railors ip prison wh» might thiax them: selver of conrequence enough to be shiewed by the pro- teotive arm of tbeir government, We bave ® moral question which ia disturbing our philosophers—if the Quen bad ha» ® Fon dora, amnert; Was to follow to many p or Cevily larguisbing ia prison, for having presumed to th ick politically, Oa this promise tacit expectati ms were ich with # girl, the royal olad ia not will! the prisoners are not culpa oly ia the fa an heir, they presume that Locke, uvder ces, would determine the morel point {n tI thick Bor—they are within the pals of the roy, # n@ doubt her grateful bert will bring some of them to freedom, We have ® great deal of fa) ted Intelligence, whioh it is not — ff sa) y to repeat to put you vpon your guard. Havana, Jan. 81, 1854, The Africanisation Scheme Again—Emancipadoes—The Opera Troupe. ‘There are a percel of people sojourniirg in Oude, at this tin.¢, 90 self sufficien: and ehose filibustero propensities ar» #9 strongly Cbveleped, that they greedily seise hold of the Pighte t ceoarton to proglaim the ‘amser cf Cads being Africanized by Eng!and However, like the boy in the fable, they have cried * Wolf, woll,”’ #0 o'ten that mo ope possessing common sense believes them. A ciroular has, it is reporied—for I bave not seen {t—bees sent forth by the Marquis de la Pezusla, requesticg information as to the best method or means of bringing hither lavorers to supply the ceficiemoy caused by the ravages of the cholera, and this civcular is seized hold of asa pretext for renewing the old cry of Cubs beiog Africanized by England, whien frighteas some nervous psople out of their senses, Lf auch were Eagland’s intentisy would she, 1 woul atk, st an enormous expense, keep squadron of armed abips around this islsod to prevent the landing of Afrioans, and soother squaéron om ths coast of africa, to prevent their bsingembaried? Would she not rather, did she desiga to Africanise Unba, suffer the Africans to be embarked ani lanced, and they cause them to be dsclared free laborers, and have them appren- Mord as such? Bat these sell- ficient and all wise poople shut their eyes to allt 4 declare that Cubs fr to be ** Africam- ized.” All er anc prupella”’ is this twaddie, or * write me down tu ass.”’ Agaia—s body of Intians (Ya- eatacece) Introduced mto this island withia a y nd held as incentnred laborers, are to oe sent back to Yuca tan at the cost of the imtroducers. Dore this look like baving Cuba peopled by indentnred rentiers? But I will nor condescend to argue farther Upon thir quertion—’tis too ridiculous. The United States Gulf «quadson is expected here short ly. 1 then suppose, and ne; till then, will tie three Unived States sailors be ¢ incharged. A Senor Alarse, late a high official in the customs, is now a state prisoner in the Castle, charged with having reported an emancipado te be dead, who was and is living, and with attempiing to kesp him im slavery. This has Sppearance of Spain at lenth being desirous to faifil her treaties with England. It was tormerly s custom here to pension off the fami- Mes ot deceased officers, by assigning to them numbers of these emancipades, but now that these bave been deciared free, the “income’’ befcre derived from them is thus taken away fr m the families of the deceased officers, and 1 know of et least one family—that of a deceased Brigadier Genersl—which has been thrown into great distress by ‘thiz emansipating of their emanctpados. The Britisn war steamer A) ban agein paid a brief visit 10 this port. On the occaritn of her previous visit sbe rop into a Spanish veseel, called the Emelis, or some such name, and ¢id concidera slo damage to that veasel, which, of cours, John Bull being the strong-st, refuses te make govt. I learn thats Portuguese azent of a com- pany formed for the carrying on of the slave trade, ar- rived here in ths last Britivh steamer and was arrosted a few ev ‘go, but was set at liberty upon entering into reoogmisauces with good security, to leave the inend. Perbapa the United States will be favored with the society of the cherslier. Toe Steffanoxe, Marini and Salvi Company of Italisns are here, and were to have opened on Saturday evening at the Villa Nueva theetre, but they have, rep rt say transferred themselves by order of the Captain Gener to the Taccn theatre What thiok you of a Governor of our itland interfering in such « matter? T understand the Brazilian, ani Portaguese Company for carrying on the slave trad®, have despatohed an agent te the United States to purchase vessels for them; but I feel confident that if tt besomes known for what purpose the vessels are required, he, (the agent,) will have his labor for hie pait s, for he will mot be able to purchase a sing © vessel News that is news, is so very rare a commodity here that it bas only been with much exertion I have been enabled to collect the foregeing for thin steamer. Tne Fresen war steamer L’Ardent, which bas been in this harbor for so very long period, has at length taken her departure for France, May she have a safe and speedy The weather is beautiful, rather warmer that day in Now York, yet notoppressively hot. Your: GUaLTERIO. P. 8.—Upon reading over the foregoin 1 fiad Ihave omitted to state that on Satarca: eoting of the city was as- sembied at the palace, but with what 0: no one who an be considered good authority, has the al ghtest kaow- lodge; ooxrequently, I cannot give you any farther infor- mation relative to it. ed FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. MONEY MARKET. Monvar, Feb. 6~6 P, M. When we take in'o consideration xoltement cre- ated by the news brought by the steamship Arabia, and the anxiety felt for later intelligence, the stock market was well maintained today. The variations in quota tions were very irregular, some of the fancies having ad- vanced, while others declined. Cumberland Coal weat up % per cent; Clevelard and Toledo Railroad, ; Read ing Railroad, {. New York Central Railroad declined per cent; Michigan Central Railroad, ¥. The smouat of business transacted was not large, but there were no in- dications of weakness among holders, er disposition to put stocks in apy quanti'y on the market. Pennsylvania Coal was firm at the improvement realized on Saturday, and very little good news would give a great impetus to prices. The steamship Pacific, from Liverpool, with four days later news, must be near at hand, and it is possible something definite may be received by her relative to. the most important question of the day. It would be well for us to have this matter disposed of—it is not of so much oomsequence how, so Tong as we know all doubt and uncertainty iy removed. The heavy importations thus far this Year, are attributable to the desire of European mennfacturers to resl- ize, The large quantities of goods which have this yeer been shipped to this country have enabled cap!'al- ists to place fands on this side of the Atlantic, in anticl- pation of troublesome times on the Contioent. The Cecline in consola was followed immediately by sa active demand for Ameriosn securities of the first class, and the Aisposition to invest in our stocks will, of course, increase with the probabilities of a general war. For some time past large remittances have been received from the in- terior of Germany, in various shapes, for investment ia United States stocks, and ae matters on the other side appreach acrisie, this will increase. Capital for this purpose comes from Europe in the shape of merchandise, It oould not very well come, under existing circumstances, in any otber way. The heavy importatious should not, therefore, be locked upon unfaverably. A large portion of the proceed remains ameng us, and we have the be- nefit two-fold Our ability to consume is daily im rearing, and is not likely to be affected by any diffi culty that may arise betweent the powers of Earope, Anything that may occar to restrist or reduce con sumption abrosd must facilitate conrumpiion ners, oy obeapening msrufactures and forciog owners to look te this country for mazkets. In the event of » general war, we sball be ceperded upon more than ever for mar- for the luxaries aad necessaries of life soextensively msoufactured in ali parte of Earope. Woe give them in exchange any quanitty of railr ad bonds, bearing high raten of iuterest, at very low prices. If the demand for these securities is not sufficien: to offset the excess of impor's, we bave breadatuffs to apy amount co make up the balance. At present prices our shipments of flour and Indian corn will more than pay the increase in im- porty, Cotton has motas yet been much depreciated by the political ¢ifficulties on the Continent, and if the mer ket for. this staple is sustained it will add largely to onr resources, Ratlroad bonds, breadstnffs, and eotton, sre yalusbie «taple products for exportation. The first can be manufactured to any extent to order—the second snd third we bave on hand in large quantisies, and can, if necessary, incresce the eupply aumually « large per cent. These things st present form the bulk of our re. sourcer; and as there appears to bean unlimited demand sbroad, the probsbility is (hat an active business will con tinue in them We want to know whether there will be waror not The suxpense is more injarious to us then the fact would de, for or against. If war isdeclared, we shall be beneSted by our aeatral position, in the carrying trade, snd in vartons other ways. I peace is presurved, wo shall'be benefited by the speculative movement thet will at orce take place im all cleases of stoek securities, and by the impetus s retarn of coaficence will give to all the enterprites of the day. At the secoud board the market was more buoyant with pretty large treneaotions, New York Central bo: acvanced \ per cent; Mishigan Central Railroad, kyle Ratircad, 4 ; New York Central Railroad, 1s. There was considerable activity up to the close, and ® good feelicg prevailed After the adjournment of the board, the following stocks were sold at auction, by A. H Nicolay :— do. 0 10 000 Harlem Raflroed 7's, frst mortgage 1,000 Buffalo, Corning and New York 90 shares Pert River Book Bank of ths Union, Inland City Baok, St. Nicholas Fire Hamilton Fire Insurance Compan: 6 do. Australian Steamship Company . Simeon Draper's weekly sale of stocks, at austion, will tebe place to morrow, at half past 12 o’clock, at the Merchanta’ Exchange, was receipts at the office of the Assistant Treasurer of thie port, to-day, amounved to $118,401 96; payments, $54,076 29-— leaving balance of $5,407,444 10. ‘The receipts of the New Haven Railroad Company, for the month of January, 1854, amonated to $50,120 75, against $86,638 87 for the same month in 1858, and $61,186 26 for the same month in 1861. One ef our cotemporarie: gives the following mamed gentlemen as the incorporators of the proposed Bank of the Metropolle:— He 6 reenw: |. Greennell, G. N, Griewold, W. +. thokaay A a Lareain, W. f. Gillett, William } Keat. George Draper, Marcas Colbura, Ebeneser Jennings, W. Earl, Arnold, William A. Shepard, W, Stration Nisao- Jas R. Ontley, A. ciliegton Hart, James E. Greemeat, Jsmee H. Pallis, John N. Jonsess, H. &, Wetnerell, Welle J. Baboook, Granden Vansile. Some of these names are manufactured and published fer t epurpore of decelring the pudlic. They cannot be found in the Directory, but as they resemble somewhat the pames of some of our most respeotable citizens, those no® well acauainted might take them forthe genuine, We advise the public to be om their guard, amd keep a sharp lookeut for wild cats. ‘The annexed tavle will show the amount of Usited States stocks redeamed at the Treasury D>partmeat dur, ing the week ending on Saturdey, the 4th of February exd the amount of tke public debt outstanding on that aay Ovterantping Dant oF Ths UstTRD Stares. Oustandina Redeemed (rtstands jing Leahe Jan, 28, 1604, Since, Feb 4. 2858, 36,414,125 64 = $10,600 $6,403 525 BF 40,400 00 - 40 400 00 3,586,000 08 47,100 8,518,900 08 19 644,460 00 47,700 19,695,960 00 +» 14,069,601 86 8,000 14,066,691 80 4,774,000 00 18,000 4,756 000 00 Do, not issued. 6,000,000 60 — 6,000,008 00 $50,618,767 She $126,400 $59 392,367 34 Old funded debt. 114,118 64 - 114,118 64 Tre’y nt’eot’ding 114,661 64 60 ‘114 611 64 Debt corp’t cities 24,000,00 ed 24,000 00 Total.......-.863 771,447 62 $126,450 $55,644,997 62 The Cumberland coal trade, for the week ending Sstur- day the 28th Japvary, as might be expected from the long continuanos of the “atrike,”” is growing small, and beautifully less, From the Westernport region there ‘were shipped over the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 656 7-20 tons; and from the Frostburg region, by the Oumber- Jand amd Iron Company, 412 tons, making together, for the week, 668 7-20 tons, and since the lst of January an aggregate from the entire oval region, of 12,823 2-20 tons, showing a falling off as compared with the same period of last year, of 9,645 tons. The annual report of the Ohio and Pennsylvania Rail. road Company says that the results for the yearexceed the most sanguine expectations, and must prove highly satis- fastory to the stockholders. The gross receipta for the year 1853 were. $608 004 49 Expenditures. 801,639 36 Leaving for net profitt.........seeseeeeeee ++ 8366,365 13 Out of this two remi-annual dividends have been de- clared—one of 334 and the other of 4 per cent. The vet + earnings of the road, after paying expemees and interest, have been about 9 per cent. The average earnings of the first half of the year were about $40,000 per month, and of ‘the second half upwards of $70,000 per month, Ia order to accommodate the rapidly increasing business of the road, @ second track has been commenced, twelve miles of which are nearly completed from Pittsburg to Sewickley, and it is urged by the President that the “geeond track should be extended to New Brightoa, twonty-cight miles from Pittsburg, as soon as it oan be conveniently done, The road bed is siready graded for it, Surveys have been made for widening the road bed between Alliance and Massillon, which will not be an ex, pensive work; and the double track from Alliance west- ward ought to be begun at an early day.” The business of the road, for the month of January, fully justifies the remark of the President, that ‘‘ the earnings of the road for the year 1854 will be much larger than those of last year,”’ as will be seen by the aamexed comparative figures :-— Reosipta in January, 1854 Increase, nearly 140 per cent... $36,165 01 The Nicarsgus Transit Company are doiug a very profit- able business. We learn that the steamer Northern Light satled on Saturday with » way bill footing up over $100,000 for freight and passengers, and that the present resources of the company warrant the stockholders fa expecting most confidently ia July a dividend of at least four per cent. With sueh prospects it would seem sur- prising that the stosk should sell so low as it does; but this is explained by the fact that certain parties who ex. ercise @ leading influence in the direction and control of financial affairs, are interested im depressing the stock, and toeffect their purpose make grouncless statements an to the business, the condition and prospects of the company, which unfounded representations prevent many capitalists from investing in the stock, and inducs many others who may have invested in it to asil. The annexed official statement exhibits the average condition of the four leading departments of the various banks in this city, at the clore of the week ending Satur- dey, February 4, 1854 :— Naw Yorx Orry Banks Banks, . Cirow'n. Deposits, Am. Exchange $4,448,675 70 101 796 4,480,667 Atlantic Bank. 558,’ 821,610 Bank America. 3 651,848 2,766 342 Coumeree,. 7,677,933 8,224 912 Commonw’b 1,269,676 1,026 406 New York.. 2,768,376 B,ATL 934 N Ame 1,840,984 1,168,419 State of N.Y 4 144,372 2,690 697 the U: «. 866,481 230 L20 theRepublic 3,123,406 1,902 376 % 885 464 1,075,802 965 459 214281 Chatham Bk.. 677,076 421.3 Chemical Bk . 1,287,544 1,077,498 Citizens’ Bank 663,755 6.1 426 1 847 2 1,836,268 577.0 893, 86. Grocers’ Bank 671.847 Hanover Bank 1,311.260 Leath.Man Bx 1,876,688 Manbattan Bk 4 062,989 Marine Bapk.. 760,133 MarketBack.. 1,112,404 Mechar ise’ Bk 4'121.618 Mech. Bh’g Ass 1,231 542 Moch.&Trad’cs "670,763 Mercantile Bk. 1,930 456 Merchanta’ Bk &,321.440 Meron. Exch’e 2.861 916 Metropoli’n Be 3649 454 National Bank 1 557 29 u Bank. 256 608 N. River Bank 1,165,468 NY. DeyDock Bark....... 483 469 N.Y Exch.Bk 211 062 Ocean Bank. Seve ShoekLeathBk 717,196 St.Nichoias Bk 570,400 Suffolk Bank.. 354 819 Tradee’n’s Bk. 1.277 866 Union Bark., 2,762,035 ‘Total... ..$90,649,077 11,084,663 6,906 687 61,208,406 ‘The condition of the principal departments of the New York city banks, at the close of each woek within the 1858, Loans Deposits. Circulation. Specie. June 21,. $96,620 666 $50 018,171 $9 964,106 $12,174,501 ‘Aug. 6... 97,809,611 69,410,766 9,610,405 9,746,487 Avg. 18... 96 662,277 9:451 94! Aug. 20... 93,866,807 9,424,786 Aug. 27 886, 963 9'447,191 Sept. 8... 91,741,858 9 654/296 Sept. 10... 91,108,247 9,617,338 Sept. 17... 90,190,689 9,686 723 Sept. 24... 90,093 $,477,641 Oct. 9621, Ost. 9,073,428 Ost. 9,468 714 Vet. 9/388,543 Oct. 9,300'350 Nov. 9,402, 158 Nev. 9,287,629 Nov. Deo 9,133’ 686 9,076,204 8.989'630 8,872,764 8,921,858 9,076,916 8,668 344 605,235 8 6:2'617 8,996,687 In each department there has deposits @ very important increase, This shows a very great change from the week previous. Toe banks evidently are on the expanding order, but thus far the inflation has ‘been very gradual and very moderate. Daring the week endirg February 4th, there had been en increase in the Moe of discounts of $790,112; in depostte, $2,963,889; in cirenlation, $358,980, and in specie, $516,695. This is, ia the aggregate, as large a= increase as we have had in any week this year, If this continues many werks we sbsll have a very easy money market. The barks dis- count s good portion of the regular offerings, and there is no legitimate cemand for money that ia not satisfied. In the street there is @ good supply at comparatively moderate rates, and private credit appears to have set- tied down upon a strong basis. The contraction of the benks shows but a part of the liquidation which has been gclag on, It hes progressed fall as rapidly outside the benkn a2 inside, ani the commercial classes generally are ¢xosedingly easy in their financial affairs, Btock 810000 Tad. 2}4%a.at80 63% 11200 do....03 08; ‘1, Feb. 6, 1864, 160 sha Penn Goal Go, 103 -b8 108 in etook, and that early shipments may yet pay « prot, 1000 2000 do. ° 1000 11] Cen R priv. 7000 NY Cem bs..b3 92 60 chs Hanover Bok 16 kk of Commerce, 5 .N Atr& Bg Go. 13 60 Canton Co. 60 do. blo 50 ¢o 100 FI & K Jt Stir 130 100 Nie’goa Tr Jo. UNY&N Hay RR 1 600 50 Mich Gen RR.b60 103 15 40... .b60 198 60 do. 103 84 N Indiana Cone’a 100 BECOND 000 Ohio 6s 60... 10734 BOARD. 10 Parker Vein $300 00 1 Cen RR Bonds 853 600 New Creek Coal pic Co 00 sss. sees 835% 100 Parker VaO Oslo 6 000 Panama RR Bde 100 59 Stonington BR. 65 000 Had Riv 2a MBs 983¢ 200 0......b90 66 000 NY Cem RR Bae3 9214 600Pen &LehighZCo 3 0,c00 +-b60 92% 106 Cleve & TolteoRR 91 00 Erie Income Bs. 95 100Reading RR a60,, 78 20 shaShceAL’rBk 99 100 Wai .sceree 26 Micbigen Cen KR. 10214 100 Erle Retlroad 16 0 veces 488 10355 100 200 Dolly Hy¢eGopCo 6 100 100 Nic Transit Cosd 265; | 6 100 do . 26% 100 20 78 100 26}, 18 Mich Central RR 116 88 26% 29 N Y¥ Central RR 109 20 265, 25 N Ind Oomstrac’s. 100 100 ae and Mining. Monvar Feb. 6—6 P. M. Avother dull day. One thousand shares of Ulster we sold for 134 cash, and bowght back at 15; on time. Fr ton improved 34; Algomab, %. One hundred shares Ooose found » spirited purchaser to give 60 ceate a sha —the first sale ever made st the Board. The bids we as follows:—For Cumberland Coal, 303; for New Cree 2%; for North Carolina, 35¢; for Norwi tb, 9; for Tolte nu for Douglas Hough’on, 434; for ral, 4 ees River, 100.; for Rook) Me for Seri 4; for Comrad, 80c ; for Hit, 8, In the stre: mining stooks were gemerally dull. Weekly Report of the New York Cotto Brokers’ Association. Balés during the past week, 16,175 bales, vis. -—Exper 8,460; home use, 3,082; speculation, 2,073; in transit: 2,060 bales. Prices adopted this day for the followis qualities by standard samples:— (NEW YORK CLASSIFICATION, N.Orew Upland, Fiorida, Mobile, and Tana 8 8 8K 8 10% = 10K 0 h 11 li uy Uk ‘The board voted that the market had been astive du ing the past week, and prices had improved up to Sata day evening about one-cighth of a cent, to which the altered the quotations, The Aravia’s unfavorable news was announced afte the close of business, and what effect it will haveo prices remains to be seen. Many suppose thet the foreig markets will not go materially lower until they are heavie CITY TRADE REPORT. Monpay, Fe. 6—6 P, M. Asuzs were held above the views o! buyers, at $6 434 & $6 50 for pearls, and $5 873¢ a $6 93%¢ for pots, per 10 Ibs. Nonesold, Bauavervrys.—‘Jour was in better request, and advance e¢ a shade. Tne dey’s transactions reached 17,600 bbis.= ordipary to choice State closing at $8 8734's $9 0534; mix 0d to fancy Western at $9 0534 © $9 25; and other grade at proportionate figures. poeple he! 4600 barrel, an} at , at 99, the closing rave per barrel Eye 8 806 mrels bern foum boyers at $906% a8303\3¢ for mix-d to a it 96 8734 © $9 60 for faveite, and $9606 $10 31% for fancy, per barrel. Sales were also reported o 160 bbls. ‘superfive rye fliur at $6873; and 100 bile Brandywine ocromeal, at $4 87. Toe movements is wheat, which was scarce ‘and held at enhanced price were confined to 800 bushels poor Genesee white, at $20 and 1,600 Long Island red at $2 064 $207. About 1,0 bushels rye were obtained from the railroad depot at 81 16. State aad Western oats were actively inanired fora! 540. @ S70. per burhel Corn fra ta. p00 Qemand. dearer. The cay’s business inc!uded 85, bachews at 9 $101 for damp Jersey; $1015 $1 03 for cew Sou! yhite and yellow; and $1 03 for Western mixed, pe 1TLE.—At Allerton’s Washington Drove Yard.—Ofter ¢d—To-day 2,376 beef cattie; during thé week 2,437. Ve subjoin the re‘urns for the week in detail, together with tbe section of the country whence the sup lies come REEY CATTLE © latter at from $30 to $35 $45 per head. At Brouning’s —at market 886 beef cat ell sold at frem $8 60 to $9 60; 4.213 sheep ami lambs; all sold at from $3, $5, $7 8 $10 for soeep; lambs brought from RACAPITULATION, —For export, 275 tiom, 165. Market culi and heavy. FaaTumns,— Western live geese were im fair request at 460 cath, yer — were 460 bags Rio taken, at 110. per poun er ama 600 boxes wet dried bunch raisins feteR- Fumcnts.— Rates to Liverpool were firm, with more dcing in corm, about 60,000 bushels of which were ea geged at 120. per bushel io bulk, with some lots at 12344. 0c 600 tierces beef, at bs. 0 ba. 64. bales of cotton, at 6 16d, 9 824 and 11-324, Fiour was atds,, asked. To Livre, floor was at 95c, To Londo, some oll cake was ed at 608 ton, There vaso do do, 4 1 do 48 for $0 26; 1 do 800 do do, 144 do, om 00: Bey eold pend 1 do 18) Ar baba I ere ughtered for packing. taken readil; owe to Te for market hogs are worth Te. to 86. not. be proms HaY—There haa been 600 bale river bought at 900. hij ment, aad 61 for local use, per 100 Ibs jora,—Some #0 talks new were sold Mow We beard thee 260 hanged ‘on.—We bear at tens Scoteh al months, per ton sid Iba —Rockland was rate and quiet commoa, and Site Sey Bip, per ee aided Motawms,—There been 360 bbdle. New O-ieans dia- posed of a: 290, per gal Ous —Thers was nething ¢ Gay in whale, aperm, or seed were procured at 740 & 76c per geilon. Provisions, —Pork was rater firmer. ere ced Lah «9, 10, prime, per hogs demand, at 6lge, and held at6Xs a7o. perib Noche 08. <a (bere were 230 bole iene lard Coicsgo do, aod $160 $16 for extra do. per Dol. A small Jot of extrs beef hams realised S16 60 por Db, am tmprovemeat, Butter and cheese wereua- alteres Reat Estate —Sales at aac'ion by E H. Three story brick house and lot No. Tit Teeuty foarte, $4,600 three story brisk house and let No. 173 We fel ars ene Silcth al ed 1 ‘74 Cherry street, $4,450. iti =_—s tice —Selee of 800 tons middling to strlotly prime wore effected at Saturdey’s quotations, = Boar —Some 120 ibs castile chased hamdwat L1)<o. @ 11\¢ per pound SPRRITS ‘Teneaxnixe —We heard that 200 bbls, changed hanos at 660. gailon ‘ Frtannre ere 49h, ua wold at 4° 40. per wor ‘o onacco.—About 36 hhde. Kentzebg. op p:ivate terme. TaLLow waa rtiffly beld at 19 Wriskay.—Sales of 520 bole Dirtd wt 826, & 8$¢., reapeottvely, par