The New York Herald Newspaper, February 4, 1854, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD.| eames conoos senanes | Bevin B. F. CORAL GF FULTON AND HASEAE et teas soko day “at Sc smte weer Editon # yer on ry roan ea Ne to tnd to any wert of he ro i Tei iis ry maw for Bubecri tone, or with saver vonage tobe peat paid or the will be deducted from | 7 MS PRINTING eaceuted with neatness sheammen, ard | getoniched at anything in these days of spoils-poli- | the whigs rushed in a body to his defence; aw { day ae | 34 | BOWERY THEATRE, Sowery—UNcur Tox’s Cancy. BROADWAY THEATER 4, Broadway-Donesric Koono- wept inact oF Tite GaweEs, W'S THEATRE, Cuambers street—Mrosu saan RHicur's Duxam Prevrry Pixos oF Busixess. | WATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham ctrést—-Atheracos and | Byening— Uncie Toms UAnin. TRE lrosdway—Love Cuasn— 8 oenhow ro Many Howe Arr. | Tom Tavas—Sor | AMERICAN MUSEUM—Atternoon— ite ree y x mumn's Davoren. —@rening—Mounrar ‘Puump— Papo Mives’ Boy. BROADWAY MENAGERIE—Cramxem Twine ane Wit Duarte. GHRISTY’S AMERICAN ZRA MOU ‘wag—Armoriax MxLonies vy UMRISTY’s WOOD'S KINSTRELS, Wood's Minstrel Kall, 444 Brond- way—Brmiorian minere ater, UCKLEY’S OPERA HOUSE, 6 wroséway—Bvex- aa Cpvinorian Ornua Pacure BANVs 85'S UB ORAMA, WO Srone way—Parenama OF war Howry Lasy BOPNICR €ALLERY MONOR VECTL—Scuvensanr Loavrrere, 09 Brest: 472 Bread: RBIs. oneray—Day aad Brewing. away-Penman’s Girs Ex x xnnoa. ACADEMY BALE. 658 wanini0Ns OF THE OVER © ROPE ODAPRG, (18 Leoedway—Jonzs! Pawrowocem AN GLLLERY CB ONRIBTIAN ART—45 Broad ‘ew York, Satarday, February 4, 1554. Metis fer Europe. ‘TRE NSW YORK WESKLY HERALD. the United Sintes mail steamship At'antic, Geyt, West, (Wi leave this porta! noon for Ltverpoct. Bubeorl tions aud advert: 2 for avy edition of the Waow Yous Fruit wiil sived at the follering pisces Jha Hunter, No. 2 Paratice etrect ., Handford & Co., No, 17 Gerabil & Co. No.'19 Ontharine street. H& 0b, 8 Pisco dela Bouree. meat, (printed in Fregeh-end Sngitwh,) witt de published at balf-pact mise o’slook this arcing Single copies, pers, aixpenoy. OUR AGBNTS IX PARIS, PRANTS. We ber leave to state to our readers ard patroae in Paris, aad Kurops gecerally, thet Mr. B. 8. Revoll, 17 Rno do ia Banque, Paris, is a0 longer connected with the Sew Your Sarstp. either as correspondent or agent. Messrs Livingston & Wells, 8 Pinos de: la Bourse, are wor only agivia in Paris, both for advertisements and wwdrcriptione ‘The Arabia, the swiftest steamer 6! the Cunard Iioe, like all the other vessels crossing the Atlantic this reason, is making a very long voyage. She is now in her fourteenth day from Liverpool for Hali- fax—the usual time being from eight to ten days. Bhe will bring one week’s later advices. Prior to the meeting of the United States Senate yesterday, some thirty members of that body who imtend to support the Nebraska-Kenses bill, held a eonsultation, and decided that the onus of protracting the debate shoul! rest entirely uponthe opposition. Is was determined that no other question should be ‘Bowed to interpose before a vote was arrived at on this measere. It being positively known that a ma- ority of Renators favor the bill, no further apprehen- sion exists, so far os that body is concerned. It is also believed that the cordial unapimity of feeling among the gentlemen present at the meeting will have a marked effect on the representatives in the ether house who may happen to be wavering as to what course they should pursue. On the opening ofthe doors .#f the Senate the gal. Jeries and lobbies were crowde:! to exoess. Indeed, the excitement is represented as having been so great that ladies, always privile yed on such occa sions, took possession of the seats of the reporters, much to the annoyance of the lat ter. The private calendar being the special order, 5 ras taken up, and after the passage of » number of relief bills, the body, at the suggestion of Judge Do uglea, proceeded to the consideration of the Nebra tka bill; where. upon Mr. Chase took the floor, and wade lengthy speech in opposition t> the measure. It will be seen, from the very full report whic i we publish, that Mr. C. commenced by making a motion to ex- pnnge the section annulling the Mis: ouri.compro mise. Mr. Dixon, of Ky., bas the floor t o-day. Not the least curious, and perhaps at the present time important, mfermation published to-dey, is the reported proceedings of the soft shel] committee at Tammany Hall on Thursday evening. The fea tures of the Nebraska Territorial bill were Telly en- @orsed on the o:casion—John Van Buren bi tng nom. dered among the minority on every vote. The. roft shell Young Men’s Democratic Union Clab, t their ‘turn, met last evening, and confirmed the proc sedings at old Tammany by coming out boldly and squarely im favor of Judge Douglas’s bill, only two voic: $4 &ay- Ing nay. Read the resolutions and the votes Were upon; they are really refreshing. The members of the House of Representatives, probably being anxious to hear the debate on tine Nebraska question in the Senate, passed some twenty-five private bills, and then adjourned till Monday. Inthe course of the proceedings several communications were received from the President in accordance with resolutions of inguiry. Among the documents was a mass of correspondence with our “Oharge in Austria, relative to a sort of second Koszta affair, which seems to have given our representative i that country no derable trouble. It ap pears that a subject of Austria, named Simon Taustig, came to America, remained a short e, procured a passport by perjury—so seys Secretary Marcy—and returned to his native soil, where be ‘was ecized and retained. Ife now in vein appeals for release upon the plea of being an American citi zen, but the Austrian authorities are not dirposed to give him up, for the reason that bis allegiance to the Emperor bas never been cancelled. We learn from Albany that two ef the silver gray Senators mede spirited speeches in opposition to the resolutions of the free soil whigs, remonstratiog against the adoption of the Nebraska Kansas bill by Congress. Itia understood that when the sabject egain comes up the silver gray whigs will preseot a series of counter resolutions. The temperauce bil] was made the special order for today. Two ov three rather important bills were introduced, one of which our correspondent has quoted in fall, be'ng a bill amendatory of the act authorizing the sale of rea! estate to pay assesements, &c. A bill was also iatro. @uced to provide for the better security of mechanics engaged in the erection of buildings in this sity. The Aseembly was occupied daring the forenoon with tho case ot the contested seat for Jef @erson county. It was finally decided to oust the anti-Maine Jaw claimant, and give the seat to the tectotal applicant. The afternoon was spent as meus! in debating the prot As almost everybody is interested ir give an extended sketch of the debate place on Thursday evening. | Itis to be hoped that Goy. Bigler has succeeded in mollifying the bellicose propensities of the opponents wf the railroad at Erie, and that we shall hear of no more brutal attacks on railway employés, destruction of tracks, and resistance to government and Slate offivers in that vicinity. To be sure, the main ques gion—the connection of the roads—still rema ns to be gale’ by the Jogal authoritins, the rivterg having _ account of the grand reception and banquet lately ‘th de matum; but, fr thy fur Our correspondent bas furnished a leogthy | done. given to the Governor, together with the various | speeches and curious incidents connected therewith. | ‘Thi extraordinary fraternization of the chief magis- | trate of the State with the violators of law and order | seems strange, very strange; but we must not be | Sethe letter which we to-day publish fron Bishop | Fitzpatrick, of Boston, contains some curious diaclo” | sures with regard to the recent burning of the effigy | of the Pope’s Nancio by a party of Germans in that | city. On dit—the French paper, Le Réipublicain, | states positively that Monsignor Bedini isin this | city, and will to-day sail for Liverpool in the steamer | | Atlantic. | Twenty-one guns were fired at Philadelphia yes: | terday in honor of the act consolidating tha’ city | and its suburbs. Great preparations are making for | celebrating the event by a grand illumination, pro: | | cessions, banquets, &c., on the anniversary or Wash" | ington’s birth-day. H The house of James Parker, at Oakland, Michigan, | was burned on the 22d ult., and four of his children ; perished in the flames. We eleewhere publich a sketzh of the proceedings | at the ball and supper given last Monday evgning en ‘the occasion of the one hundred and seventeenth an- niversary of the birthday of Thomas Paine, the free- thinker. It will be s¢en that Mrs. Rose, as usual, made a speec’ in response to one of the toasts: A communication in another column throws some additional tight on the nature of the suit between Those connected with telegraphing, as well as law. yers, will no doubt read the article from eer corres, pondent with mech interest. in coneequence of favorable uews from Europe. Tke flour market was dull. Flour declined yesterday about six cents per barrel for common State brands. Prime white Gencsee wheat sold at about $2 50, and old yellow corn #t $1 per bushel. A small lot of prime Devereaux brought about $102. Cotton was firm, with more activity— the sales reeching 3,610 bales. To-day’s inside pages contain a variety of in teresting political news from Washington; Opinions of the Press on the Nebraska bill; the Extradition Case ‘of Heilbronn in the United States District Court; the case of ex-Alderman Sturtevant; Pro- ceedings of the Chamber of Commerce; tke Intro- duction of Free Labor from Africa into Caba; Com- mercial reports, and a variety of miscellaneous in. telligence to which it is unnecessary to allude in detail. The Late Discussion on the Cleyton-But- wer Treaty —-The True Issuc. - The atter worthlessness of the partisan press in the United States as guides of public opi nion Las never been illustrated in a more ‘hu- miliating manner than in its comments on ‘the recent debate in the Senate on Central Ameri- | Pying or colowizing any portions of Central Morse and O'Reilly, the telegraphers, which was ' small hole to crawl out at, but he tried it, with lately decided in the United States Supreme Court. © ‘ abroad. ElAdvices from Sio Janeiro to the 27th of December | announce that coffee hed slightly improved in price, | ried their poin’ in preventing that mach- | object of the administration was gained by m the recent pledges of sending these letters to the Senate: for every sitators, it is inf rred they will make no | hody at once fell by the ears abont it, while the demonstrations of actual hostitity, at least | eq} violations of the treaty by Great Britain, | uptil the courts bave decided as to what shall be | and the culpable pusillanimity of Fillmore in permitting them, were lost sight of or kept in mind only by a few. Many Senators declared they would not have voted for the treaty had they known the kin? of juggle which had been going on, and some reflected pretty severely upon the conduct of Mr. Clayton. Hereupoo in their eagerness to protect him did wh at he never would have done—took sides w ith England in her policy, and defended her ag- gressions by arguments so false and falle ciuus that the most unscrupulous Englishman “would have blushed to assert or use thew, An election for the Senate was held aly jut this time in Delaware, and Mr. Clayton was re- turned to that body, when he at once commenced s vehement vindicaticn of bim- self. In doing this he took *,ccasion to reiterate the construction of the treaty which be bad placed upon it atthe outset, viz., that it wullified the British Mosquito protec- toiate, snd that it bound EBagland trom occr- America. But, to relieve ‘himself from the dilemma in which his unfortunate “understdnd- ing? with Bulwer had placed him, he had to claim what is felse—in fect, what he himself would have scouted six ‘months earlier, aad what Great Britain never pretended—that Be- lize was not in Centre! America. It was a no greet gain to hie reputation at home or Tae Scary er Lerren AGaw—Joun CocursNe AND OTHEP's my TROUBLE.—The Scarlet Rtter of Gen. Pier ce, disclosing his free soil proclivities in 1848, ‘seems very gftlevously to disturb the spoil’, elements all over the country. The Con- cor, Patriot, the home organ of Gen. Pierce, ey mes forward to relieve him from this quag- Yaire by the reproduction of a Cass and Butler speeeb of Gen. Pierce, delivered somewhere in New England in 1848. Joha Cochrane, too, has written along letter of special pleading in reply to the plain and simple statement of Mr. Ben- jamin Galbraith, touching the testimony of the said Cochrane upon the contents of the letter in question, before the news of the precious dis- covery had disturbed the kitchen cabinet at Wachington. We shall notice the Concord Patriot at our convenience. As for this last letter of Mr. Cochrane, we repeat that it amounts to nothing. There is nothing in it invalidating the memory of Mr. Galbraith, who is just in that tndepen- dent position essential to a clear and full recol- Jection of his coaversations with the Surveyor of the port. Ia other words, Mr. Galbraith’s memory is not clouded by the spoils. But there is one simple process by which the question may be definitely settled to the satisfaction of all parties. Hunt up the detter and publish it. There was such a letter. If it is lost, how and why has it been lost? Ifit is not lost, why not publish it to the world? We are content to rest the issue upon the letter itself, And. until he brings it out, the best policy for Mr. Coch- rane is to tighten up his breeches pockets, write no more explanations, and say not another word upon the subject outside of the circles of +he kitchen cabinet and its retainers. His specch reacheé England; and, taking it as the kead of the Foreign Office sent both the treaty and the speech to the law officers of the crown for their opinion. The Queen's adve- cate replied by plumply asserting, in substance, thet there was nothing’in the treaty to prevent Bogland from doing what she pleased in Ccn- tral America, Mr. Clayton to the contrary notwithstanding.. He also claimed that the treaty distinctly recognized the existing “pro- tectorates” of Great Britain in that part of the world, and authorized her to enter into new ones if she were so disposed. And in’ this, we are sorry to say, he was perfectly correct, as any one may see from the provisions of the treaty, which reads:— Nor will either ‘party) make use of any protec- tion which either affords or may afford, or aay alli- ance which ei:her has or may have, for ths purpose of erecting or maintaining fortifications, or occupy- ing, or colonizing Nicaragua, the Muaquito coast, or any pert of Central America. The recognition, not only of existing but prospective protectorates, is complete. Put Mr. Clayton seeks to evade this palpable recog- nition by claiming. that as Great Britain is de- barred by the same article trom occupying. can affairs. Judging from these commeute, a stranger would suppose that the subject of te debate was not of the least consequence, and thatthe whole was a sort of gladiatorial bout between Mr. Clayton on one side and Mr. Casa on the other. Now, whether Mr. Cass go‘ the betier of Mr. Clayton, or vice verea, or whether the late Mr. King thought this or said that, has ho.ceacern—nothing whatever to do with the real issue in the matter upon which the debate was predicated. This issue is one of great na- tional importance, and involves very serious consequences. We, therefore, earnestly protest against the narrow view which the catire partt- san press, whether adhering to the fussilized whigs-or Kilkenny democracy, have taken efthe subject. In saying this we are compelled to ed- mit that the debate was much encumbered with personalities and irrelevant matter, and that the true issne was not distinctly presented. The facts involved are few and simple. In 1850 Mr, Clayton concluded a treaty with Mr. Bulwer,:then British Minister in the United States, which treaty was ratified by the Senale, and promulgated July 5 of the same year. This treaty, it was alleged, settled definitively all the questions which had arisen between the United States and Great Britain in Central, America. But while it affected to dispose of these questions it served only to compliea.s them, for its terms were so vague and contra- dictory that entirely opposite constructions were at once given to it by the contracting parties. Mr. Clayton claimed that, if it had not entirely destroyed the alleged British pro- tectorate on the Mosquito shore, it had nullified it, and that it secured Central America from fur- ther British aggression forever. Lord Palmers ton, on the other hand, immediately announced to the British agents in Central Axmerica that the United States had recognized the Mosyuito pro- tectorate; and theee agents proceeded there- upon to se the different Central Americ in States of the fact, and to define the boundaries of the “ Mosqnito kingdom.” Not ealy so, bat Great Britain continued to advance pretensions: and exercise authority, precisely before, even to the extent of firing em Ameri- ¢an vestels in the port of San Juan avd organ- izing new colonies on the coast. We directed attention to these cirenmetances at the time; and day after. day called upon the governm nt te enforce the treaty if it really bore the construction which.bad been assigned toitcn the American side, or to take stepe to anol it if it y way sanctioned or author- ul construction which had been it by the British government. The fee assume as Ih the treaty, and tioned the praject of bringing the Mosquito King@om” under the joint n of che United States and England t, however, fortuzately got public. nimously condemned, died, and inade tiaued flagrant violation of whot the public had been told were the objects and pra- visions of the treaty, by Great Britain, at last attracted the attention of Congress. The Se nate ealled npon the President to know if any new colovies had been organized, or other : performed by Great Britain, in contravention of the treaty, to which the Executive respoaded that it didn’t know. Of course it didn’t—on the principle that none are so blind as those who will not see. It, however, communicated to the Senate a conple of notes, which had been exchanged between Messrs, Clayton and Bal- wer after the treaty had been ratified by the Senate, and which contained an nnders: ling between those gentlemen that a certain portion of Central America, known as British Hon- fortifying, or exercising control in any part of Central America, her protectorates, present or future, are completely nullified. In his des- patch to Mr. Squier. May 7, 1850, he says:-— The protectorate of Great Britain is reduced toa shadow —stat nomines umbra—for abe can neither occupy, fortify, colonize, nor exercise dominion or control, in any Pe ot the Mosquito-coast or Central America. By terms of the treaty neither party can protect to occupy nor occupy te protect. This is mere special pleading, for it is a point in law too well established to be put in dispute that if the same document contradicts itself the whole is vitiated and void, and the matter to which it relates remains unaffected. Hence the Queen’s advocate asserts that ander the treaty Great Britaia has,and may have, protectorarss avd alliances in Central America, and may protec’ any Sta’e or people, including the Indisa tribss that region, if needful, by torce of arms, provided only that in eae: such protestion oe aostains from occupyiug, fortilying, colonizing, or exs..' a< dominion, &e. In the matter of the Mosquite protectorate therefore, the treaty is worse than @ nullity—it is a recognition aod support of the British pre- tensions. But there is one point upon which there can be neither doubt nor evasion, and it is precisely | the one of most importance, and which has been least noticed. It is one which involves, not only the faith of treaties, but a great and car- dinal principle in American policy. The treaty jpmost explicitly provides that neither party shall “colonize nor exercise dominion over any part of Central Americe.” Yet since the ratifications of this treaty were ex- changed Great Britain has colonized, and has assumed, and does exercise, dominion over parts, and these most important parts, of Cen- tral America. It was more than a year after that treaty was promulgated when Great Bri- tain organized several islands belonging to and Barbarat, as a colony, under the style of the “Coleny of the Bay Islands.” Since that time she bas maintained dominion over them as an integral part of the British Empire, in spite of the remonstrances of Honduras and in contempt of the Clayton and Bulwer treaty. Admitting, for the sake of simplifying the issue, that Belize is exempt irom the reatric- tions of the treaty, and that the Mosquitp pro- tectorate is unaffected, we assert in unqualified terms that the Bay Islands were occupied by Great Britain without the shadow of a title, organized as a colony in violation of the treaty, and are new held in flagrant disregard of its plain provisions and of the rights of the State of Honduras ‘There can be no pretence that they do not fall withia the application of the ble administration of Fillmore, however, fat | term “Central America;” nor is it pretended to the dunerican construction of | that they constitute any part of the dependea still farther from enforcing it, |. ¢ies of Belize, aud therefore share in the unfor tunate exception made by Mr. Clayton. Mr Crampton a¢mits, in his note to Mr. Clayton o the 7th inst., ghat his government nudes stands by “dependenvies of Belize” only the litfle islands near the town of that name, and enumer- ated in the treaty with Spain of 1780, The tene proprie:orship in there islands was fully investigated |'\st winter by the Commit tee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and through Mr. Mason, .‘heir chairman, the com- mittee reported that, \ their opinion, the islands of Roatan, etc., ¢ setitute a part of the terrfory of the republic of Honduras, and therefore form a part of Ce) Vira! America, and that in consequence their oo “pation and colo- nization by Great Britain is a q, veet violation of the treaty of 1850, Here, we repeat, is the distinc, * isaue in the case, and the one which Great Britaj % ssould be brought to answer, She may quibble «od talk forever about Mosquito and Belize, by ¢ there can be no evasion on the matter of the’ Bay Islands. It is sheer hypocrisy fur hor to ‘lk embodying the American view of the treaty, / Honduras, viz. : Roatan, Bonaca, Helena, Morat. | We have a variety of letters from various quarters in reference to the political gyrations of General Pierce between the eventtul year o 1848 and the transition epoch of 1851. From these evidences it appears that at one time he was with the Van Buren dynasty, as the legiti- mate Bourbons-ct' the democratic party—at an- other time he was friendly to the Cass move- ment—sometimes one thing and sometimes an- other, trying every tack and changing about; but always with an eye upon the restoration of the Bourbons. While Judge Woodbury lived it is well known that he was the only democrat of New Hampshire, and of New England, whose position was sufficiently national and estab- lished to render him an available democratic candidate of his section for the Presidency. His claims were undisputed, andghe was with- out a rival in the New England States. During, therefore, the interval between 1848 and the death of Judge Woodbury, General Pierce and his pecutiar partisans oscillated between Van Buren and Cass, and between Cass and Wood- bury—sometimes on one side, sometimes on the other— sometimes with the friends of Woodbu- ry, and then again veering over to the Cass men. The various letters in our possession, re- ceived since the agitation of the Scarlet letter, show in the aggregate that the unreliable course of General Pierce previous to the death of Judge Woodbury was such as we have de- scribed it. They show that General Pierce was « week and vacillating politician, frem the day of his free soil Van"Buren letter in 1818 to Jobn Cochrane, down to the day of the cele- brated speech at New Boston, reported by Par- son Foss. We shall illustrate these fluctuations in his political principles in due season. We know enough to repeat the warning, that his support, and the support of his free eoil coali- tion Cabinet, of the Nebraska bill, will bear the closest watching. The notice given by Mr. Dean, the particular champion ia the House of the President, of Marcy, and his free soil col- leagues, of the new Wilmot Proviso, is, per- haps, the straw foreshadowing the ultimate drift of the administration. It may be, that while the Cabinet have fathered the bill of Douglas to soften the South, they have instigated the amendment of Dean to quiet the North. Let the South, therefore, keep a vigilant eye upon Mr. Dean and the Kitchen Cabinet. Iurentaxt ie True—Ovr ar Lasr—Toe following news was published last afternoon exclusively by the Evening Mirror:— TAMMANY HALL ON THE NESRASKA BILL—JOPN VAN BUREN’H POSITION DEFINED. A eries of resolutions fully endorsing the doctrine of oP Mgmt non-iaterference ia the domestic le- islation of territories, acd declaring the Compromise Ml of 1850 a full and final eettlement of the slavery Hae on that basis, were last night presented to e Democratic General Committee, at Tammany Hall, ‘by Ex-Senator McMurray. They were op- nae’ by Jobo Van Buren and others, but, after a long debste, were passed by a vote of 22to ld. A resolution complimevtary to General Pierce and the Sdainistration was, however, adopted unanimously. If this be correct, the affair must have been managed with great secresy, none of tae demo- cratic organs, of either faction, knowing a word about it. But etill, if this report be trae, it ir highly important. It shows that while under instructions from the Kitchen Cabinet, Tam- ; many Hall hes been compelled to speak, John Van Buren will not swallow the prescription. He goes with the Evening Post and Albany Atlas, though he is ready, on general princi- ples. to endorse the administration, as far as that will answer. But this sort of thing will not do—these private caucuses in the eoal- hole. What we want is a public meeting in Tammany Hal! on the Nebraska question, and a public speech from Jobn Van Buren, or a public letter, io black and white, like that of Captain Rynders, on one side or the other. As far as we understand the case now, John has gone back to the Buffalo platform. N. B—After much effort. to say nothing of the expense. we have obtained the resolutions and the vote on the passage or rejection of each, which we give in another columa of this morping’s paper. Joun Mrreuri Sti, i Troveie.—Whien licaniem, when they come into this practical country of popular liberty to teach us their beauliful schemes of -political reformation. They go up like a rocket, making a prodigious fuss, leaving behind them a stream of fire, and a grand display of white, red and blue lights with ‘heir explosion ; but then it is all over, ond they disappear in darkness and are gone. Koesuth, Kinkel, and Gavazzi, were of this class, and very striking illustrations; but the most striking of all is the case of John Mitchel. He went up like a rocket, and has come down like the stick. Tne Ere War.—At length we are teld that a treaty of peace has been signed by the com- batants at Erie, Governor Bigler, who has done the rioters yeoman service, has spent @ couple of days in the midst of feasting and pa- geantry at Erie, and possibly to his fnterven- tion do we owe the fact that Mayor King and his sbirri have consented to tear up no more trackf, Both tracks are now laid east and west of Erie, and the gauge on both is the same. But, in order to satisfy the rapacious Erians, itis agreed that the tracks shall lap, not connect; and so all the purposes of a break of gauges, involving change of cars and tran- shipment of freight, are attained. Passengers and freight, arriving at Erie henceforward, may either follow the lake shore to Buffalo or take the Erie Railroad to New York, or finally, travel on the Sunbury and Erie road, when the latter is completed. But in no ease can they trave) directly from Cleveland to Baffulo or New York without a transhipment. Thus victory remains with the Erians. It now remains to be seen what will be the fate of Mr. Olds’ motion (from the Post Office Com- mittee), to secure the safe transmission of the United States mails on railroads. This motion, which has been referred to Committee of the Whole, will probably provoke a discussion on the extent of the powers of Congress in relation to “establishing post offices and post roads” Looking at the question broadly, it would seem clear enough that, as railroads are the only post roads now in use, Congress would have a right to establish a railroad from Buffalo to Cleveland, and to pre- scribe whatever gauge or breaks it might deem suitable. Still this power has never been exercised, and there is no doubt that its exer- cise at the present day would provoke a very ty in France and Germany invariably begag thus; one has only to refer to the writings of Socinius, Spinosa, Bayle and (Hobbes to per- cieve the analogy between the early infidels of the last century and the Unitarians of the pre- sent day. With the exception of one work of Voltaire’s, which was written in pique, and deeply regretted by bim in his serious moments, the tendency of his whole philosophical writ- ings is decidedly Unitarian. We ean well re- member the first importation of Unitarianism into Boston some thirty years since. It had a partial success, and became in turn the parest of all the eccentricities in religion and philoso- phy which have since spread over the countr, of abolition, of woman’s rights, of epiritual and all the other isms which attract young en- thusiasts. Looking therefore at the history of Unitarianism and its operation on the public mind, we are not surprised that there should be a strong opposition among the trustees of any collegiate institution still adhering to the origi- nal faith of our fathers, to tolerate the introduc- tion ef the short and easy guide to infidelity professed by Dr. Gibbs. Tur Hanvsne rt Commirrer aNp Tae Nuws- PAaPers.—Among other things provided by the hardshell committee at the Stuyvesant Insti- tute ths other evening, they ordered a special committee of one from each ward to drum up. subscribers for a certain newspaper dying of slow starvation. Hard up, indeed, must be the hardshell organ,’ without pap, without spoils, and without subscribers. But, in a benevolent point of view, would it not be most advisable for this hardshell subscription committee to dou each an old hat, an old coat, an old pair of breeches, and an old boot on one foot anda shoo on the other, and turn newsboys, and come with the cash and lay ina stock of Hunatpa every morning ; and, after selling out, appro- priate the clear gue@ts to the relief of the hard- shell organ. & precarious business to at- tempt to sustaima democratie organ here by begging reund fer subscribers, A democratic journal in New York, without pap or plunder of some kind, may die hard, but it must die, Tt has no vocation. tapes TRouBLE AMONG THE SMALL Fry.—The Pick, avery smart Saturday journal of the sauce and sarcastic order, having been assailed by one of. the Suhday journals—the Mercury, we believe —walks into that concern, uncovers the pot, and unsatisfactory altercation between Congress and the States. In no free country, peopled by an energetic race, can the government un- dertake railroads or other works of this nature with as tair prospects of saccess as private cor- porations or individuals; and it is perhaps better that the monopoly of such undertakings should be left to the latter. The debate on Mr. Olds’ motion will teach us what estimate the country at large have formed of the people o Pennsylvania. ehows that though it has a circulation of only 900, yet that its principal editor makes up thai deficiency by having seventeen or twenty chil- dren. The Pick is conducted by the private secretary of the late Jobn C. Calhoun, and ig: death on niggers and small papers, Burton’s Theatre. “4 MIDSUMMER-NIGHT’S DRBAM.”” Tho greatst event in the theatrical season of New York;, took piece at Barton's theatre, last evening. Shakaj peare’s comedy ‘A Miceummer Night’s Dream,” wad played for the first time in this city for many years, wit, the following cast — Rev. Mr. Pease ann His Misston—Dnr. Jan- vis AND ArrLictsp WoMEN—TuE Droppines or ‘Cuantty.—We have received the sum of twenty dollars, subject to draft, according to the fol- lowing note :— As evidence that I, for one, among many others, -do not believe in the allegations made the fav) Flute Rev. Mr. Pease, as published in the 5, ainglag Valsiea, Me. and Mes, that always appears ready, to publish any. apie anybody on any kind of Geen as Fomayee ‘beg you ae Mages enemy $20 2 : itred Moore fered gentiman, to De used he tay ‘ink | rus pace wan played trun che erga txh oer? scene being retained, wit a few juticions curtallmenta of some of the long speeches of Demetrius, Lysander, Her. mis and Heleoa, The scenery deserves the highest praise, particularly the firet scene in the seeomd-ant and first scene of the fourth act. Tae costumes erent and correct inevery instavce The properties and gen- eral enamble could hardly be improved. The whole ef Mendelssohn's murio was played, and well played. The time was perfect; and ifthe brass instruments had bees alittle subdued there would have been mothiag to of- fend the ear cf the most fastidious. Tne solo and quar- tatte, “Vo Spotted Snakes” was effectively given by Mrs. Holm an, Mr. Holmav, Mr Wenslee, and Mr. Trevor. Now, whether this money is from some par- ticular friend of Mr. Pease, by way of a bait to catch gudgeons, or from some unsuspecting charitable person, dona fide, we know not. We have the money, and if Mr. Pease will call atthe Herarp office and give us, in hie own handwriting, a receipt for the same, it is his. If he does not call within a reasonable time we eball, perhaps, turn over the cash to the oppo- sition Methodist Ladies’ Home Mission at the Five Points, er to some other charitable insti- tution. which is at the service of Dr. Sims :— My Dear Mr. Eptror :— I read in Sunday’s edition of the Heranp the in- teresting communication of Dr. G women, who have sustained injuries from difficult labor. 4 more humane enterprize could not be can imagine the discomfort of body and the an- e dreadful accident mentioned bi For twenty three years I belonged to that class, and of course can, better than anybody else, sympathize with them, but shall not pretend to depict their sufferings. Suffice it to say that I am now relieved, and, thavk God, there is a prospect of relief for others. Bometbing must be done, and, I hope, soon. But some time will necessarily elapse before a hos- pital could be got under way, even if fands were provided. In the meantime, mach good may be az- compl'shed by furnishing aid to such cases as may ariee till this could be done. I therefore send you the enclosed amount, $15, subject to the order of Dr. J. Merion Sime, to be expended for the benefit of any poor woman who may be affiicted with any ac- cident resulting from difficult labor. Yours respect fully, Satie W. The institution here suggested would, no doubt, prove to be a most excellent one. We commend it to the attention of the Corporation. Mr. Pease, on the other hand, is going on swim- mingly. According to the letters and contribu- tions published in the papers, he is the lion of the day, and thrives on persecution. Will he be good enough to call for these twenty dollars ? Dr. Jarvir Ras.iciovs TRovs.e ww Conempia Couns We see that religious excitement has travelled from the neighborhood of the Five Points to the precincts of Columbia College, and that learned professors and collegiate trustees are anxious to prove they are as susceptible to its influence as benevolent old ladies, or the Don Quixotes of the Homes of Industry. The case is briefly this. The chair of chemistry in Co- lumbia College being vacant, Dr. O. W. Gibbs presents, himself es a candidate to fillit. He John Mitehel, the Irish patriot—after his cir- cumnavigation of the globe, stopping a few years (cn route for New York) at Van Die- man’s land. and a few days at San Francisco— when he first Janded upon this island, and opened his mouth on political matters, we thonght that he would get along very well We had only one serious misgiving, and that was that he might possibly upset his wagon, in collision with Archbishop Hughes driving in the opposite direction. We were afraid that this collision would happen very soon. But fa this we were mistaken. John Mitchel has es- caped the disasters of a shock with the head of Popery on this side the Atlantic, but has come most fatally into a sudden and violent smash- up against the head of Puritanism. We were right, therefore, in our apprehension, though wrong in the specification. Poor Mitchel has duras, or Belize, should be exempt from the | of the faith of treaties while maintaining bh ¥ | got into loggerheads with the Pope Hveory provisions of the treaty, This understanding was altogether ex post facto, and of no more value than if it had been exchanged between Meeere. John Jones and James Brown, for the treaty can have no legal construction beyoad What ii benvy on its facg, Nevertheless, the piratical hold on these islands. The govern- ment of the United States have aright to de mand their immediate evacuation; and if the demand is refused but two courses are open—to enforce the treaty by the entire power of the country, or formally to amnal it, Ward Beecher, an@ from the effects of the first brush it is plain that in a very short time not , ‘ven the tail of the great comet from Australia w. U be visible to the naked eye. Such is the inva Viable fate to the theorizers upon popaler pringi, Jos from the eckeols of European repub. is presumed to be a very desirable incum- bent in every respect save one: he is a Unitarian. On this ground, several of the members of the Board of Trustees oppose his appointment; demanding that all the officers of that institation profess some form of religious belief that may be safely inculcated upon the mind of youth. It will not. we ima- gine. help Dr. Gibbs’ case much, when the Board of Tras been espoused by the and infidelity in this ci Had his ¢ been advocated by a well known votary of ligious freedom. they might bave been entitled to some further considers the fact: but their espousal by one who has little sera- ples in avowing ad of in all religions will not we think ensure them an inerease of favor. In poiat of fact, Dr. Gibbs’ case is plain enough, Unitariavism is the gap which separates com- mon sense Christianity from infidelity with all its consequences. It is the first step from the great principles of Christian belief to unbelief, Unitarians reject the divinity of the Saviour, and regard Jesus Christ as a mere philosopher lawgiver, oF & wan of genius, Modern intideli- nes discover that his cause has 1 organ of soci re We have also received the following note from benevolent and intelligent lady, upon upon another subject, enclosing fifteen dollars, fe O. Jarvis, of Portland, Conn., on a call for an avylam for indigent suggested to the public. Nove butthe poor sufferer ae of soul experienced by the miserable victim of There were great dificalties in the way of the produp tion of thie plsy, and Mr. Borton deserves a great of credit for the sucess whion has attended his surmoust them. Throughout the performaace it wah’ evident that a great deal of study, care, and in- dustry had bern expenced ia its production, We hear ‘8 great Ceal of nonsense about the “ palmy diya’ of the dsama, but we do not belisve that this play wasever so well presented in this country as on the Present occasion There was not the slight: st mishap in the machinery, and the text was given perfectly, and, generally, read cor- As will be wea by the above cast, Mr. Bartom has in- troduced a cow feature ip the piece. He gives the part of Puck, (wbich is generally p'a)e4 as 8 fairy by a preity woman) to # boy, and dresses bim as misdhlevous sprite of @ lower order io supernatural society than the fairies, aad at their command. This will probably be » fruitful eubject fcr critics t» quarre) about; but we in. lice to Mr. Borton’s opiaion, for the reason that one df the fairies says to Pack, “Farewell, thou lob of spirits” — that ta, ‘ Thou mis-sbazen epirit—thou hobgoblia;” and im svo‘her place, ‘You are that shrewd and koavish | sprite,” and again, “Tooxe that bobgoblin call you,” The word fairy is used many times, butis never applied to Puck. J: is fsir to aay here that the part was crecite- bly sustained by Master Parsloe, Of Mr Barton’s performax f Bottom, weco not purpose to go into an analyrs this time. There are two ways of rendering this character, Manylreaders of Shakspeare believe Bottom to tea dull, muddied, heavy lown—saying good things occasionally, but only by acci- dent. The words put ia his month support this hypo- thesis toa certainextent. Mr Burton has commingled ‘this conception with another—that Bottom was a merry, jovial, conceited fellow, getting credit for » greay: deal more of kmowl-dge than he really possessed by the (orcs of impudence. Mr. Burtom’s performance abounde! with bite of very nive actieg. His ecenes with Hania and (hs yey (uo Gftm sot were capital; Lut as ® whole he did not work up the part to his esne: tio, for the very good reseoa that he had all the respoo- sibility of a fret night on hie heods, We think his per- formance of Bot‘om wana deci led success, and that it will be one of bis favorite characters. The company deservs creii: (or the efforla they made to have the performance succe:.fol Mosare, Fisher, Joréan, Norton, G. Barratt, Johnston, Andrews, Russell, Moore, Mira Raymoxd and Mise Walters, were excel ent im their eepective parts. Hermia ra: to Mice. Hovgh, and rhe did it well, all thing: considered. She wae nervour acd a little avkward ot fret, bat read the lines clearly snd revsibly, though a little toc: rapidly, If she will give us a little more fre in her denunolation of H-lena the part will be a9 welt done at any ove could wish. Mrs Buckland was the only ' Perien ip the cast who ecomel at all indifferent. She» could have played and read H:lems much better, aud 63a, atany rate, say ‘Athens’ instead of “ Athuas.’? Mrs. Burton locked very prettily ns Tiiaaia, but it was 2ome- Umes dificult to catoh the Hines, ahe gave them fo har- risdly. One goat featare about the prodaction of this piece sthat the adjanets are j2st uh as ore rejaired to ay fiat the piece, The andisccs tts Shakespeare fo magni ficent binding. They do not have to take up wita the binding without the Shakepeare. We trast that this ex. ample will be imitated. ‘The comps de ballet dovervs » word of praise, They wore graceful so! well drilled, Tus fairy danos in tue fourth not was received with fea‘ pliadita, Tne satyrs looked ike satyre, and ‘he fairiv, (aearly all of them pretty sitile girs) reemed a to the ides! thea the fall grown women vho generally fignre In the ballet om tuoh ooention The house was filled in every part. The sects wore ald taken beforo night fell, hundreds wont amay disap- Folnted. The audience peit the mort profound ation~ tion, and their applause was so hearty a7 it was diagrimie nating. Atths fall of the curtain, Mr, Barton, being csiled for, made w few reoarks, to the effect tus! the tnecess of the performance was all that he had hoped fr, He sbonld coastder his labar well laid out if hehas attained that end. 1a pasting, he stated that noting peace