The New York Herald Newspaper, January 29, 1854, Page 3

ERIE RAILROAD WAR. ' Gux Spectal Correspondence. Ewe, Jaa. 26, 1854. The Work of Relaying the Tracks Commenced — PAK, Moor in Erie—Another Outrage App:ehended— Resignation of the Special Police— Public Meeting, &¢., Sc. The relaying of the track was commenced this morning, end the connection bstween Harbor Creek and the railroad éepot in this city will be effected in two.or three days, at the farthest. This morning about forty workmeu were employed in the erection of bridges over State aud French streets, and it is thought that they will be able to ran the cara and locomotives, which now stand on the broken track, over it, nt 12 o'clock to-morrow. Considerably dif_l- culty is experierced in placing the upright posta or supports of ove of the bridges, in consequence of the { ice, which is at least a foot thick. When it was known that the workmen were onee more en- gaged in relaying the track, under the protection of the Mershaly a crowd of about fifty or sixty persons, priucipally Germans, aszembled at the bridges, which are abou’ two hundred yards distant from each other. They appeared to be impelled more by a spirit of curiosity, however, than avy de sire to interfere with the Marshal, although they certainly did not appear to regard the work with the most favorable intentions. They exhibited the trae state ‘of their feelings when young Mr. Walker—a brother of the person whé was oggei—made his ap- pearance. They assailed him with cries of ‘Four feet ten,” “ Rowton eggs,” &c.; bat he wisely took no notice of them, Respect for individasl rights ap- pears to be lost in the extreme feeling of animosit; Ubat prevails towards the railroad company, ani all. who appear to be either or indirectly connected with them. It is impossible to eay what way be done by the people to-night, after the Marshal and the men shad have left the road; but there appears to be @ very uneasy feeling among the people, aud geveral apprehensions are entertain- ed that the raile will again be torn up and the bridges destroyed. Those who have been most inveterate in their opposition to the company cay that if o single train is permitted to pass over it the battle is lost, and all further effurts on the part of the Erians will be useless. They all appear determined, ho ever, that the marshil shall not be ioterfered with, even should be remain until be sees the train pass over the road. It is rumored that the company will keep the men at work antil the connection {s made, and that can be done by twelve o'clock to night. I do not believe, however, that trey will resort to such a course—not that I think they would be doing wrong, for they have a perfect right to do £0 if they please, for they have made no con- ditions with tue Erieaps; bat I think toey have not gots sufficient number of men, aud those they have employed wi | require rest. This rumor, I am afraid, is circulated by some malicious persons—and there are pleoty of them here —to excite the people, and indace them to destroy the property of the road once mnore, Under such circumstances as these, it is no wonder that the most serious apprehensions should be felt with regard to the destruction of the bridges. | A meeting of some of the most iufluestiel men of this place—men who have headed the movement, but who, I think, will find it impossible to ccn- trol it, or keep down the passions of the peo- p'e—was held this afternoon in Judge Thomp- s0n’s. office, to consult on the best course to be adopted in this emergency. The meeting was private, bot [learn that no definite result was ar- rived at. Scme were in favor of calling a public meeting in the Court House, with the view of ad- vising the people to preserve the peace under all circumstances—net to destroy the track. The Mar- shal was present, but he made no conditions, al- though he was understood to have intimated that tha track ould not be laid before to-morrow. ‘This was afterwards given by Judge Thompson, to those who inquired, as an assurance upon which they might place the most implicit reliance. The office was crowded with persotis auxious to know what conciu- sion they had come to, and some few appeared to go sway unsatisfied with what they had heard. Bat although the Judge announced that there would be vo meeting, the bell of the Court Honse called the pecple to assemble within its walls. 1s ye oid Shah, thee only. meetings ob the 8 ¥ termined to present Feet roe and certainly, for all the done sicce , Were appointed, might u well have long ago. "How: ever, the meet was i, and crowds of pee flocked to it. Among these were Judge Fema, who has just returned from Hartisbarg, with Mr. Kelsce, of that city, and several other gen- tlemen, About ten minutes elapsed before the meet- ing was called to order, and Judge Thompson was ited President. After taking the chair he ex- pressed his desire to know the objects for which the Mneeting was convened; when a man arose among the gudience and raid that he understood it had been of giving the special police an oppeeauiey G ra ‘ithout waiting for them to do so, the President eded to couneél them to keep the 80 yr, said he, we have had Jaw upon our side; and if we now commit any act of outrage or violence, our Dest friends will be turned againat us, and we will lose the high snd honorable Cg which we have he held in the public estimation, I have not been. among said he, for a long time; I left this city on the 7th of December last, and sinee then I have been at Pittsburg, Philadelphia, and Harris- burg, attending to your interests, and the interests ¢ city of Erie. I have d my absence con- versed with many lawyers, and I satisfaction of telling you, that among these there was not ope who in what we did we acted illegally. Ihave spoken and conversed with Goy. Bigler, and I know that application was made to him by citizens of this place for am armed force; ‘but he refused, when he heard and understood the true state of affairs, to give an order for them. He not only did this, but he went on with me to Wash- iogton, where we had an interview with the Presi- dent immediately after our arrival. At that meet- ing we ipformed the President of the real condition of things—of the aggressions that had been made upon our rights by these railroad men—and on this information he also refused to send troops here; but he said that, h the emergency had not arizen for the intervention of an armed force, the Marshal was interrupted or interfered » hi ital duty fc lett, mi the ital duty for me 4 overn- vent anna Beobeyed and the Jaws must beresp . Now, said Mr. Thompson, in conclusion | munat say, in nerd to the act repealing the charter-of she Franklin Canal Company, that it qill pass before ave the supreme | | isterial functions, and Rhilacelpbires rympathine with Cove that ta righ!; but whea he goer beyoed the orn claic: no aid, BO countenande, rosupport. They poiae’ aid, xed cever have, Ie ernelusion, he rerciution dee arin: that while Ere pureuel the etria'ly 1 ga} course and ived bre rights, her Givisers would the warmest sup The resolution was edop Interesting Letter trom New Mexico. THs PROPLB OF NEW ma3100-—EEB aera OF FAR wees Me Age! Het Fs0s NM. Dep ds ae I propose to give you a brief outlive of ite olitical of New Mexico. One t cM ron ces Mae contains. sixty-two thousaad inhabi- tants, avd at the last election cast nine thousand four hundred aud ninety-seven votes for delegate. The American population does not exceed three hunored, end itis probable did not cast over two handred and fifty votes at the last election as itis libele arene of them were absent, and others not entitled to a vote. The Mexican ple, as a body, seem to know nothing of the ni re avd character of our political institutions, or of the Pinole thas divide political parties in the United States. Of course I exclude the intelligent few from this remark. Ask a Mexican whether Le fs a whig or @ democrat, he answers, “quien sate?” If hey have any choice of political parties, it is always for the one im power. It makes no difference to them which it is, The firet-election for delegate under the presen} Territorial he? literate was in September, 1851, when R. H. Weightman was the whig eandidate, end A. W. Reynolds, U.S. A., was the democratic candidate. Weightman was br sa mainly by theMexicans, embracing all that class of them who were peculiarly hostile to Americans and American institutions. Reysolds, on the other hand, was sup- ported by nearly all the Americans in the Territory, then a great number, embracing whigs as well as democrats. Weightman received almost a unani- mous yote in the county of San Miguel, and was elected. This county is signalized on account of the anti-American pacing that characterizes its inhabi- tants. Jose Manuel Gallegos, the present delegate, voted for Weightman, whig, and against Reynolds, democrat. The question of 'y politics had but little to do in the election of the Legislature in 1852. This year several gentlemen aspired to be the delegate in Con- gresa; among them, twoor three Americans and Padre Gallegos. ‘The idea of holding a democratic conven‘ion was started, and held onthe 5th of August last, at Algo- dones, and Jose Manuel Gallegos was nominated. This convention did pot represent more than one third of the Territory, and was composed, to a great extent, of men who had recently been good Scott whigs avd Mexicans, a3 charged by the Santa fe Gazette, (a democratic paper,) and never denied. The proceedings of this meeting and its nominee were alike denounced by the Gazette and by the principal democrats of Santa Fe, (American,) in a card published in the Gazette of the 13th of Auguss. Among the signers of this card were Dr. Joseph Navgle, J. DE. Sabice, and others. Several Ameri- can demscrats hoped fora nemisatioa by this con- vention, but Padre Jose Manuel Gallegos was there, and bad the cards “‘ stocked,” and turzedup“‘Jask” on the first deal The Gazette, and American demo- crats generally throughout the Territory, eharged that this convention was principally managed by R. H. Weightman, whig, who has since, or very re- cently, turned @ democrat, and is now editiog the Anvgo del Pats, which he cadls a democratic paper, and is published at Alouquerque, The action of this convention produced a split in the American portion of the democrats of New Mexico. More than two-thirds of the American democrats voted for Gen. Lane, who did not raz either as a whig or democrat, bat as an American, and upon the platform Jaia down by himself, whieh is thorougbly American, national, sna democratic, Those who participated most actively in this con- test sey it was a contest been the Mexicans and Awericaus, the latter of whom was aided by that class of the Mexicans who are friendly to Americans and American institutions. The county of San Miguel, that elected Weightman (whiz) in 1851, | now, in 1853, elects Jose M. Gallegos, the Algo- dones democrat. Gallegos received in the county of San Miguel 1,397 votes, and Lane 267. This county cap beat New York all to pieces in political somer- sete, In 1851 i¢ gave nearly a unanimous whig vote for Weightman; now, in 1853, it gives nearly a unanimous democratic vote for goa—it these elections afford any evidence of 5 which I do not believe. Padre Garter may a yery clever an. He commenced public life as @ Catholic priest, and continued as euch until within the last a or two, whea he was unfrocked of bis ecclesiartical rebes, and led from min- now stands as a suspended t, Liibieap of the Catholic Bishop of Sauta Fe, Bishop Lamay,) because of the grossest seasual in- ences. Whetber he is a democrat or not, go no se, it is a quten sabe cace. 4 The American democrats who have been here the longeat deny that he is. I, however, will not under- take to pass judgment on his case. He was sup- ported by a class of New Mexicans, known here as * Mexican citizens’’—that is, a class of persons who elected, under the treaty of Guadalupe de Hidalgo, to remain citizens, thereby refusing to become Ameri- can ‘he testimony now being taken in snd Copestetaaloction of Kane against: Gc logos, will voted for Gallegos; f being ‘oltizens, had no more ri ht © vote at our elections than baye the Utah There are more Mexican citizens in the county of Rio Aniba than avy county in the Territory, unlese it be San Miguel, as it is ssid. In this county, (Rid Aniba) Gallegos received 826 votes, and Lane 128, which is 200 votes more than there are im the county. The late election for delegate comes netrer being no election, if tested by the forms of law, than any that has ever been held within the jurisdiction of the United States. An example:—The law author ises the voting at eight places or precincts in the county of San Miguel, and yet they voted at sixte-n jaces—eight more than au by law. The yt | tow requires that the names of the voters shall be | recorded upon the ll books, and mumbered, and iJ of the poll-books from the county of San tain not the name of a single voter, but sim: that Gallegos received so many, and Lane so many, or nons. I merely mention this te show how much regard is | paid to law out here at elections. These are facts, es it | anotber week. When it is passed the Governor will | give the control of it to one of our own peosle, and ou pel Gorin Spon it thas it will terminate at the harbor, and will have no connec'ion with any eastern line. This isthe determination of the Go- vernor, and I know what he says will bejdone. The meeting was afterwards addressed by Mr. Kelsoe and others, all of whom counselled peace; after which the audience di |. Some of the al police, I understand, afterwards tendered their tw J. Towner, ty whom it was avcepted. hatever the Eriaos may do in this matter, s — te be no doubt entertained of the intention ofthe eople of Harbor Creek to arrest the Marshal | relay the track. Iam in hozes | bei wil wat be, ilty of such an outrage, but ey w ty an as the Sfasehal, however, letends to peceure dail, this will net interfere with the of the work. They will barcly use violence towardshim. J. M. TELREGRAPAIO. AL! QUIET— UNITED STATES MARSHAL REL | YING THR TRsCK, ETO. Ena, Jan. 98, 1854. AL in quiet here to-day. The Uvited States Marshaihas gone to Aarbor Creek to relay the track and rebuild the bridge. Gov. Bigier has telegraphed she Erians that the State hhas token possession of the Wes‘ern road. MERT|XG IX PHILADALPHIA~THE RIOTARS UPHELD. * Partaomrita, Jan, 28, 1854 AJjarge gsumber:f our cilizens and others assembled ‘this eve: ing in the Rotusda of the Exchange, to consider the Erie @) Moulty and hear the sectimints of Mayor Rivg and Mr. Lewry. Thess gentlemen gave as the origia of the troubles, the lawhesqacts of the railron companies, owned or bought up with New York: pital. The oftizeus of Erie were (e- sirousf having the matter tested im the courts; but the companies ware fearful of results; and proereding with and a matier of record. Anybody can see them who will call at the office of the of State, at Santa Fe. New Mexico is hard to beat, and out- stripe Young America all hollow. 1 poll-books of this election present fotr differ- ent results from their face, as 1 am informed, two of which elect Lane, and two elect Ga!legos; but accord- ing to the official count, which we are bound to be- lieve is correct, until the contrary is made to appear, the vote stends thus: Gallegos, 4,781; Lane, 4,526. Gallegos’s majority as per returns, 445. I have no doubt that the democratic party of New Mexiso, with such men as James H. Quion, or Theodore D. Wheaton, of Taoe, or Wm. 8. Messeroy, of Santa Fe, or Francis A. Cunningham, U.S. N., cao always be successful; but Gallegos cau now unite the demo- cratic party of New Mexico. Donna Anna county is said to be the strongest democratic county in the | Territory, and contaios more Americans, unless it the alteration of the gauge, the police of Erie removed | the ratig and bridges, pronounced mu'sences by an erci- mance «f thaeity goverament, in pursuance of the pro vision of the original privilege given to compani+n to lay tracks. step taken was cpom the beat legal aivice, and the Im: of riot and mistule cast upon her were the result of misreprosertations by those dvep in ” New York interests, The break of kenge was no act of Pennrylvenia. The only protection Brie has to prevent ber owa ruin is to reqaire the break to be made within | ber bouncaries § Thie she has the Irgal right Jp 4, and ber righte she will matatain at a') hesards. Dann. L Buu followed Mr. M. Modscuam, expresved his warmest sympathy for Erie, because the persecution against her was unjust. Ber acs bed all been strictly legal. When the track had peen sid down im ceflance of Jaw, and s puisaree, 1% wee r’ghtfally removed. Ia sli tothe essortinos thet Phusdelpita had csaged the c: te fe lard that bie fellow oit'z-ns were file'y ppame' uly wehgred; and be doded that the state e> | of the United be Santa Fe, than iy, Mis in New Mexico; and yet this county gave Lane a unavimous vote. I men- ‘hon this to show that the late contest was nota con- test between the whig and democratic partie:. But enough of politics. Our Leg’ meets on next Monday, when we will have the Governor's message; but if re- ceived here by the mail, we will not get it before the 2d of January. Santa Fe is only eighty miles from here, aad can, therefi of ad facilities in New BM Mexieo. ee sti A few days ago Brig. Geveral Garland paid this place a vist, when the officers of the arm) tomes him & merry wands fandango, All the élue ef the Senoritas of the town of Dom Fernandes were in- vited and attended. It made the General smile as he gazed upon the black haired Senoritas im their fine sppare! , Waliziog with the American Caballeres. ‘Phe balso redondo and the cwna are the favorite dancer here. We have newa from the Territery ot Utah to the effect that Gov. Brigham Youog ‘is wagiag war against the Grand River Utaks. We imagine that Governor Brigham Young thinks that he has as much right to carry on h stilities ageipst the red barbarians in his ‘of the country as bad the Wasren Hastings aud the Arthar Welles leys, to make and to carry on war in British India, againet the urcivilized powers in that of the British world. Whether he will smfle at the flowing of Indan blood, as does the Juggernaut ot India, as it “is eaid to smile when it sees the blood flow from the human sacrifice which its worship exacts,” the futnte will disslose. A gentleman, revently from tha Sait Lake City, reports that Gov. Young has only forty wives at this time. Gov. Y his Mor- mon followers are destived to give the government States much trouble in future. Tae information here is, that the Mormons from all parts of Eorope are concentrating In Utah. These people ped pe mero be aged & State constitation and sok © boadeitied the federal Union, as their po- pulation soon be sufficient fer this purpose. Bop Arreurr at Mat Rosseey—A daring attempt was , the Williamsport (Pa.) Presa oh Tob the mail, near Crescent Post (Office, on Eaard Hepa yf - was cartying , and when the co bridge, was met by a man who’ demand when teres Reranaau et bare then | cy fe co ee wee ae , when the scoundrel fired, the asa ina injury. rongh the boy's cverooa’ bat dears no furtiet Affairs in Nicaragua. THE SUPREME DIKECIOR TO THE PROPLE OF THE eTATR. At the time when I entered upon my high office I said, before the august representatives of the sover- eign people, thet I believed it to be my first ¢nty to preserve order, a8 conducing to the welfure of suciety, and the prosperity and happiness of its membera. With this conviction I endeavored, on the authority placed by you in my hands, to perform my duty, and to perform it in such a manner that the Nicaraguan people should not suffer from those evils which the Gisturbers of order create when they connive at its overthrow, following that wise policy which seeka prevention rather than remedies for evils. Since my elevation to this office I have noticed that the country hae been troubled during the present administration by secret conspiracies; and I was not indifferent.to one, disgracefally concerted and almost perfected, in the city ot Leen, by the enemies of public peace, who bad no other motive than a thirst for power on the one hard, and pillage on tke other, and hated no other aim than the gratification of unruly passions. Providence, who watches over the destinies of s0- ciety, willed that so daring a crime should be revealed ere it could be carried into execution. It was dix covered that the revolutionists merged attacking the scldiers’ quarters in the city of }, corrupting them with brides, and, ha accomplished this, they would then turn to the city and overthrow the government, destroying all opposed to them, having previously engaged agents to marder the Director and bis ministers as soon as the revolutionary move- ment should be consummated. They were pe from carrying out these schemes by the fidelity of the peopie » Who were niet so destitute of morality and religion as to join with them. The Sr. Lic. Don Francisco Castellon, chief of the faction was to rule the State in the capacity of Provisional Director. The munitions of war, such as guns, were those that the Lieutenant Colonel José Vulle took from the public stores onj the 11th of November, and the wder was that with which the Senor Lic. Don José Guerrero was supplied at the time of the Pineda adioinistration, when the revolation of Guani- pol broke out. The insurgents counted, also, on arms offered by Don Carlos Exelmes; snd powder, they Sssert, WAS peta by the 8r. Lic. Don JoséjMaria Pugima, a Nicaraguen, living in Honduras. Those who openly encouraged the revolution were the said Lic. Castellon, Francisco D. Zapata, Dr. Maximo Jerez Lic, José Guerrero and Colonel Mateo Pineda; and others secretly engaged were the Colonel and Commandant of Reale jo, José Maria Valle, his brother, Captain Estaban, of the same name, Matias Somarriza, José Salinas, licentiate of medicine, Bacbitleras Coronado Morales, and Manuel Cisneros; and whether there were others, either as principals or subordivates, remains to be seen. All this can be verified by documents in the private records of the government. The conspiracy being known, its authors discoy- ered, aud its purposes revealed, the government, which in Nicaragua has ever shown itself eevere towards the enemies of order, should now act energetically, if it would root out these crimes from society and eradicate the seeds of dis- turbance. This is exacted by society, whose Tve- tion especialy Cevolyes upon it, and for whose well being it is responsible before God and man; and io pee rimming this sacred duty, it is justified in captar- ng the more prominent who, as enemies of their country, eezayed to deviate from that peaceful yet progressive line which has characterized the present administration; and while watching others against whom suspicion ia strong, it will proceed against them as soon as proof has been obtained. Jn my inaugural address I said that my country was the State, that the ple were to me as one family—objects of my paternal solicitude; and that, with the constitution and the laws as my guides, a rule of things and not of persons, of principles and not of passions, would be my programme. conscience tells me that I” have accomplish- ed faithfuily all that I have promised. I fear- lessly appeal to the impartial judgment of my fellow citizens. When was trust violated? When was the law infringed? When was any unjust par- tiality evinced? have found me ever disposed to follow s strict line of justice, though in the public service there were men of political com- me personally. piso: end many of them perty was safe, and ali the plicugaaee, without. distinction, enjoyed the protestion of law, atten- tioa from the Se cece and sort of the fr ‘& revolution ? speak of the ingur rection; but is this so-styled right exclusive patrimony of a few? Should even the majority of ® nation exercise it, withont havin; previenaly wilh tie andthe right of buftage, why appeal te wit , and the o , Why ap; insurrection? On what ground is itlawfal ePehould it be tolerated, when society is at peace under the Ce Fuga of the constitution and the shield of the wi No, a thousand timeano. Insurrection be- eomes in this case rebellion—an unjustifiable sin, a patricide—that the A Faget of social preservation jnires us energetically to repress. *Ditiseue of the State—Keep the acts of the go- yerement in sight in relation to the conspiracy which threatened to break out im Leon. I have to snpounce to you Piss, ostios will be done. You have nothing to fear§ peace is aseured, conf dence , apd public tranquillity steadfast; for the government has been vigilant in to preserve peace at every hazard. Be certain that the power you have placed in my hands will be for your good; and by giving respect and support to a1- thority a happy future is a to ‘RUTO Manacva, 21st November, 1853. Latest fiom _ the Expedition for the Survey of the La Piata, Under Licutenant Thomas J, B 5 oiirers the Washington Uotoo, Tan Ae The Navy Deportment has received a from Lieutenant J. Page, commanding the United States steamer Water Witch, at Assuncion, Paraguay, dated October 20, Permission has been granted Lieutenant Page by Lopez, President of Paraguay, to ascend the river Paraguay to the extent it —— territory, notw: oop | the President’s pi ly settled purpose to prohibit the navigation of that river to vestels pty nation untt! the question of boun- dary between Paraguay and Brazil had been settled. President Lopez not only in this manifested the most friendly disposition towards the United States, but by dipersiog: that Lieutenant Page be supplied, witbout cost, with all the timber he would require in the construction of a small steamer for the ee of ascending shallow rivers. The President also directed that some heavy iron work which was ne- cessary should be at the government work- ee and would not permit Lieutenant Page to pay for A steamboat under Montevidean colors arrived at Aseuncion on the 17th October, with the effects of a company established, as it was understeod, in the United States, and designed for the cultivation and mavufacture of cotton, sugar, tobacco, &c. Paraguay affords a fine field for the exercise of American skill apd enterprise, and the country, though distant from the United States, offers induce- conntry compared to those surroundingit, Pasooce. country com su . occu- fey of ite. people are mainly those of the hus- ndman; their attention has not been so much di- verted from these pursuits as that of the neighboring States, by foreign and domestic wars. but has been turned to tilling the soil, raising of cattle, &e. The nataral scerery of Paragusy, contrasted with that cf the Btates of the Argentine confederation bordering the La Plata, Parana, and Uraguay rivers, is a8 striking as is the aspect of the country arising from cultivation. Tbe former isa rolling, unda- lating country, whose soil is exceedingly productive, well wate: and wooded; the other a level plaia and void of cnitivation. The disposisions the people are quite as opporite as are their pars.ite— ibe former disposed to peace, the latter ready at all times to re: to the beck and call of every aspi- ring General—the curse, heretofore, of the Argentine confederation. Commercial intercourse, however, ruust be established and sustained by steamboat, at least throughout the extent of these rivers, their windings and currenta rendering them incapable of being successfully navigated by sailing yeas. The Condition jar Streets. TO THE EDITOR OF THE N¥W YORE HERALD. The outery against dirty streets has become uni- versal, but there are but few suggestions made of » eharacteF to correct the evil. The filthiest streets in the city, (:f it be not invidious to make a distinction where there is so much competition,) are those where the tenant houses are most in number. The inbabi- Caamorno. tanta of these—freq very in number— are in the daily havit of heapia; sir respective tril of garbage, dirt, , before the common door, Among #0 it is next to im- le to fasten any fault upon any single indivi- ual, eo that the is suffered to “ ripe and ripe, SS eiteeetinetneee ee) the Indian | i in size Borneo | Guinea, it measures more than a thousand | BEER sre this exten- | diversified by deep valleys of aston- | ty, avd spacious levels covered with hig lle helirnen Re menriie chains. | mountains, wi in | » double CA treble lines, tre exiensre ake, | eradied among. roc! overshadow- 5 are fed by ial ry ad fore tke cease Gianemenble stew: | Shick discharge themselves along the coast. Of | le for frigates, such as the , the Jambee, at a considerable dis- | tance from the sea; others bear only native craft, | r by sho: | crests of hills to nataral basins of the Indian ocean, the remainder flowing into | Favored in its situation and natural facilities for | commerce, Sumatra abounds in material A and once disputed with Ceylon the title of Taprobane and Golden Chersonese. This fy of India, we are a by Josephus, was called by the ancienta | Sopbara, or the Land of Gold. Be that as it may, | the chief wealth of Sumatra is mineral. Iron ore of a qaality exists in various parts, but most | pleutifally in Menankabao; and the eteel wrought in that sultapate excels, according te Marsden, the celebrated manufactures of Europe. The tin of the island, the ‘Straits tin” as known in the markets of the United States, though eateemed in- ferior te that of Banca, is exported largely to India aud China, 68 well as to the markets of the West. Sulphur, saltpetre, alum, arsenic, and valuable co.ored earths have been discovered; and excellent i bituminous coal has been found at various points, in- | dicating the existence of inexbavstivle beds of this most valuable of miverals. Of ite vegetable productions, rice, the chief suste- nance of so many millions among the inhabitants of Asia, is earn inevery province. Other grains are produeed in Jess abundance. Camphbor of good but Ped quality, gutta perchs, caoutehouc, cassia, woin, end aloes; indigo, gambier, cotton, coffee, sugar, toxacco, silk, pepper, cinnamon, cecoa and betel nuts, with salt, turpentine, several rare gums, and magnificent ivory, constitute materials of trade, besides the edible birds’ nests, so lucrative an article of commerce, being so sichly esteemed by the epicureans of China In the forests are discovered teak timber. ebony of rare beauty, eagle iron, and sandel wood, while the jungles afford rattans fully equsl to thore of Borneo and Malacca. The animal kingdom of Sumatra is large and va- ried, Mlepbants, which added to the pomp of its kongs, and were used for conveyance by the people; | the tapir, the double horned rhinoceros, the stag, the Maloyan bear, she wild boar, the buffilo, and the tiger, frequentits vast forests, while mavy crea- tures useful to man have been domesticated in the | populous districts. Birds adorned with the splendid jumage, distinguishing the winged creation of the east, live in vast numbers in the woods and jungle. | Their rich and brillant tints—orange, green, rose- Ted, bright steel blue, aud gold—contribute touches of beauty to the landscape of the island, harmoniz- ing with the gorgeous vegetat’on of a Sumatran forest. In the estimation of one delightful traveller, (Marsden) which is also that of the writer of this article, Sumatra is an enormous orchard, perpetually aes with the capivating per‘ume of fruit and jowers, This island has an extraordinary and diversified population. There are wild tribes—a remnant of its original inbabitants—scattered from end toend in secluded communities among the jmaly hills. They bear different names; are found Guns Koeboo, between Palembang and Jambee; the Lampongs, dweliing as fishers in the muddy creeks along the sea, or as mountain nomades; the Passumabs, the head hunters of the Soath. ‘Cheir sguenste number is about 600,000. The present slays of Sumatra form, for their numbers, their wealth, their influence, and their civilization, the most important division of its inhabitants. hey conupy the whole of the wide middle region and northern portion, or about two-thirds of the island, with its finest bills, its most: fertile valleys, its most productive mines, and predominate over all the rest. Altogether, the population of Sumatra may be eati- iq enw peti ve neue 8) ay ‘ man oy entrance archine- we a aitcation this island for commer eis one the moat in the eastern seas. Many of our Boston and. merchante bave long been with its importance, but have occa: ventared, as upon a hazardous iment, to send their vessels to trade its coasts, in con- sequence of the absence of protection to our in- tereets in that quarter. On account of numerous Tepresentatious of New York aad Baltimore mer- chants in regard to the value of a more general commeree with Sumatra, the late administra‘ion was induced to send Mr. Joseph Balestier on a spe- cial mission to many of the independent sovereign- ties of the Indian Archipelago, and in his instruc. tions from tue State Depsrtmert he “was directed to visit tbe pepper coast on the island of Sumstra, whick for many years has been freqnested by our trading ships, and where, on more than one occasion, our intercouree with the natives has unfortunately beaite Glerate and 18a of life; and with a view to affairs on @ proper and safe fovting, the inter- P Paaretcat et lic ships has been found necessary: and as that coast has not been called at by eny of our war ships fer some ycara, it would not be amiss that they again be visited.” This mission was not sccomplished, on account of disagreaments between the envoy and the commodore (Voorhees) who was to convey him to ‘he scene of his negotia- tions. Mr. Balestier did not succeed in touchiag at avy of the porta of Sumatra. It is important that the mission should be revived and carried out toa suces issue. The present administration will no doubt give a due consideration to the advancement of our commerce in Sumatra, and througaout the Eastern Archipelago in general. Fire in Savannah oh Ainpepeg and Loss of fee {From the Savanvan Rapublioan, Jon. 23 ] A fire broke ont on seo night last, about half past eleven o’olock, in a small wooden store, corner of Congress and Barnard streets, occupied by D. Abrabams & Brother, hat and clothing merchants, and situated directly west of, and very near, the scene of the Jate fire, which originated in the drug store of Messrs Solomons & Co. The buildlogs south of the corner store, facing on Barasrd, and ranping back to the Jane—as also those west, facing on Congress street, and exterding to the three story brick building occupied by Mr. W.M. Davidson as 8 residence, add 1's lower portion by Mr. J. T. Jones, gunemith, were all of wood, one story bigh, old and comparatively worthless. They were ali destroyed in a very short time, to their combustible na- ture, the prevalence of a breeze, and the absenve of water in the nearest cistern. The followiagia 8 list of persons burzed 01%, with a statement of their insurances, &e., viz.:-- Abrahams & Bro., clothiug dealers, insured for $4,500; J. J. oe fee Seales meee TR ae gyre insured for ,000—clear loss |; James McIntyre, , nea for $4,000; F. J. Ro-euburgh, clothing deal er, insured for $800; J. W. Paillips, grocer, no in- surance—loss $1,000; L. E. Byck, clothieg deal pple io, eo & Oliver, grocers, arte for $1,000; proprietor room. ie buildings consumed belonged to the estates of Herb aud Kreager, and were uninsured. We have made every effurt, bus Withovt avail, to bave no blanks in the sbove statement. About one o'clock A. M., an explosion took place which created much consternation, aud ig ot | apt. jored several of the firemen and bystanders. J.J. Waver, first foreman of tbe German Fire Com- pany, recetved @ compound fractare of the leg, was taken into the house of Mr James McIntyre, and at- tended by several of our city physiciaus. We deep- ly regret to state tbat despite every effurt to procure reaction, bis > ogy gave way uederthe shock and from loes of blood, and in abont an hour alter the explosion be expired. Capt. Waver had been on the grout d during tire, previous t» the explosion, ac- tive'y engaged in bis capacity as fremas. We re- gret to learn that he leaves a family a'most wholly cependent upon him for a: ir. Wm. Morrell, first foreman of Washiagton Fire Company, bad two flogers broke», and received several severe contusions from flying bricks. He is not a injured. Mr. D. W. Miscaily, pipeman of Washington Fire Company, was prey to play upon the fire atthe time of the exp! in, aod had the pipe bent nearly dovble in his hand by missiles thrown out ia the ex- plosion. His escape was a nerroy one. Other persons received — some being struck by trogmevte of brick and timber, or sligh’ly barued by falling cinders, | ‘The house occupied by Mr. Davidson, above men- tioned, was cracked on its east side, from the eaves to the ground, by the force of the concussion. P | in k | one end, it stretches into the bay | the otter, it is divided by the Sunda | ly to | totion of this State was agreed one fifth of the waters of Sumatra fall | lowing straits of Malacca, or the Java sea. | fol resources, | | section, end if the said erp § | euflicient to redeem any part of | stipulated times of in patches—as the | The N. York Canals, TBE NEW LAW TO SSCURE THLI2 COMPLETION. An Act to perfect an smenément of the Constitu- tion, providing means fer the completion cf the carals ot this State. Passed January 20, 1854, “three-fifths being present.” Whereas, the following amendment to the consti- to & majority of all the men, bers elested pepe Game mot the Login lature, for the year one thousand eigat hundred and fifty-three, and the said amendment was du'y entered on the journalsof each orauch of Ca forinatire with the yeas and nays taken bee oy referred to the Legislature to be ene. next general election of senators, and was duly published for three months previous to the time of Tmoaking such choice, in of the thirteenth article of the constitution of this State; aud whereas, the said amendment was also agreed jo 4 a alerts, of all the members elected to each of the ssid branches of the Legislature for the year one thousand eight hun- dred and fifty-four, pursuant to the said thi:teenth article; each said amendment is ia the words fol- wit:— Substitute for section three of article seven the lowing :— After paying the said expenses of collection, super- intendence apd repairs of the canals and the sums appropriated by the first and second sections of this attcley ‘there shall be appropriated and set apart in each fical year out of the surplus revenues of the canals, as a sin! fund, a sum sufficient to pay the interest as it falls due, and extinguish the principal within eighteen years, of any loan made under this fund shall not be the priacipal at the jayment, orto pay any part of. the interest of such loans as stioulated, the means to satisfy any sueh defi iency shall be procured on the credit of the said sinking fund. After complying with the soregoing provisions, there shall be paid an- nuslly out of aaid revenues Into the treasury of the Stare two hundred Loge hiner io: — the ne- ce expenses government. The remainder shail, in each fecal year, be applied to meet appro- priations for the enlargemeut aad completion of the canals mentioned in this section, until the said cauals | shell be completed. Io each fiscal year thereafter th | remainder sball be disposed of in such manner asth Legislature may direct, bus shall at no time beantici- pated or pledged for more tian one year in advance. The Legislature shall anoually, duiog the next four years, appropriate to the evlargement of the Erie, the Oswego, the Cayuga and Senece canals, and to the etion of the Black River and Genesee Valley nd for the enlargement of the Jocks of the | o plein canal, whenever from d lapidation or de- | cay it shail be necessary to rebuild them, a sum not | exteeding two millions two bandred and fifty thou- sand dollars, The remainder of the revenues of the | canals for the current fiscal year in which such ap | propriation is made, shall be applied to meet such | sppropriation; and if the same shall be deemed in- ufficient, the Legislature sball at the same session provide for the deficiency by loan. The;Legislature | thell also borrow one million end five hundred thou- | sand dollars to refucd to the holders of the canal re- | venue certificates issued underthe provisions of chap- | ter four bundred and eighty-five of the laws of the year one thourand eight hundred and fifty-one, the Smouns received into the treasury thereon. But no interest to accrue after July first, one thousand | eight hundred and fifty-five, sha be paid on such | The provisions of section twelve | cerificates | ef this article requiring every law for borrow- ing money to be submitted to the people, shall not | Spply to loans authonzed by this eectiou. No part | of the revenues of the canals or of the funds bor- | rowed under this section sha!l be paid or applied ; Upon or in consequence of any alleged contract mare under chapter four hundred and eighty-five of | the Jaws of the year one thousand eight hundred ana | fifty-one, except to pay for work done or materials furnished prior to the first day of June one thousand eight hundred and fitty-two. Tae rates of toll on | persons aud property tranuspor‘ed on the canals shall not be reduced below those for the year one thousand eight hund-ed and fifty-two, except by the Canal Board, with the concurrence of the Legisiature. All contracts for work or materials on any caoal shall be made with the person who shall offer to do or pro vide the same at the lowest price, with nate 86: curity for their es sreey ep Now, theretore, for the purpose of submitting the said proposed amend- ment to the Ny of this State : The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly do, onact as foliaws:— Sac. 1. A is ordered to be held ednesday of on the: the purpoces hereinafter mentioned. Bc. 2. The Common Council of each city, ora ery next, at 12 o'clock at noon, meet at their usual plupe of meeting, and the supervisor, assessors and wn clerk of each town, or a aed thereof, shall, at the same time, meet at the office of the town clerk, and derigrate in the sawe manner as now required by Jaw tor the election for governor, tie place in such special election shatl be held; and they shall forth with give notice, written or printed,to be posted in at least three public places in each district, con- taining a description of such place so designated, ané of the time of opening aud closing the poll Sec. 3. The said election shall be conducted in all respects in the manner provided by Jaw in relation to the election of governor; persons offering to vote ateuch election may be challenged, and the same oath shail be administered is the like cases as pro- vided by law in the electi.n of governor; and all the piovisio: s of jaw relative to conducting geverai elec- tions. and of giving notice thereof, are he:eby ex- tended to the said special election as far as the same may be applicable and not inconsistent with the provisions of this act, Bec. 4. The inspectors at each poll in the several towns and wards of this State, at the special e'ection atoreenid, shall provide a box to receive the ballots of the citizens of this State, in relation to the said pices ted amendment; and each voter al present a ct on which shall be written or printed, or partly written and partly printed, one of the following forme, namely: — “For the proposed amendment in relation to the canals;”’ cr, “Against the proposed amendment in relation to the canals.” The said ballots shall be endorsed ‘Proposed amendment in relation to the canals,” and so as to conceal the contents of the ballot and exhibit the endorsement. And all the citizens of this state entitled to yote for members of sssembly in their respective districts, | shall be entitled to vote on the adoption of the said propored smendment during the day of election, in | the several election districts in which they reside. Bec. 5. After finally cloring the poll of such elec- tion, the inepectors thereof shall count and canvass the ballota given in relation to the said proposed amendment, in the same manner as they are required ereupon shail set down in writing, and in words at the proposed amendment in relation to tne canals;” and the whole number of votes givem “Against the proposed amendment in relation to the canals.” And sball certify and subscribe the same, and cause copies thereof to be made, certifiedand delivered as pre scribed by law in respect to the canvass of votes given at the election for govercor. Sec. 6. The votes so given thali be canvassed bj the board of county canvassers, and statement . thereof shail be made, certified, signed, and re- corded in the manner required by law ia respect to | the canvassing the votes given at an election for | governor; and certified copies of the said state- | ments and certificates of the county canvassers shail be made, certified, and trausmitted by the county | clerks respectively, in the manner provided by law | n cases of electioas for governor. Said county car vaseers svall meet for the purpose of canvassin; suid v: tes as aforesaid, on the Monday next succesd- | ug the said specis) election. The said certified | copies travemitted by the eaid county cletks shall | te canvassed by the board of State canvassers in | like manner a4 provided 7 law in respect to the electin of governor, ang in like menper shall make | end file a certificate of the result of such canvass, | which shail be entered of record by the Secre- tary of State, and svall be published by him in the State paper. The said board of State canvasers shall meet for the purpores afore- said at the effice of the Secretary of State, upon the notification of the Sesretary of Sate, within fifteen days after the said elect‘on, and earlier if the certified statements shall be received from each county in this Btate. And the Secretary of State shall, upen the conclusion of euch final canvass, or a soon thereafter as practicable, notify each branch of the Legislatare, in writing, under ‘his seal of of- fice, the result of such election. See. 7. This act shill take effrct immediately, and the Secretary of State shall, with all coavenient despatch, cause such number of copies of the «ame to be printed as aball te sufficient to supply the dif ferent cflicers of this State ooncerued ia stn, or holding elections or canvassing tue votes, sball transmit the same to such officers, with such forms and instructions 9s aba!! be necessary. State of New York, Secretary's Ofice—\ have compared the preceding with the erigival law on file in this «fice, and do certify that the same is a ¢t transcript therefrom and of the whole of said original Buras W Leavewwoorn, Secretary of State. on Retvrngp to Staveuy.—A female slave, belong- ing to a lady of New Orleans. accompanied her Paris seventeen yeers ago, and there The lave aul Marved. ie, and United fates, came leans thoroughly sick of liberty; and, again‘a slave, to enjoy the a home, © former mintiers, ssked to be forgiven, het beck wee wtoveterlif. Hor req vest Complies woth. ruary next, for | majority thereof, shall, on the tirst Monday of Febru- | each election distri in such city or town at vbich | by law to canvass the ballots given for governor, and | 5 bert D. Saltonsiall, vs. Francisco J. full length, the whole number of votes given “For | Pleas-- 3pecial term, Before Judge Ingraham, Jan. 28.— Machado ugainst Morris—The de» fepdant moved, on a renewed motion, to ve dix charged from srrest The artion was to recover damages for an sileged fraud in the sale of personal property., By the affidavit for outsining the orderof arrest it appeared tiat de‘endaut sold the plaintiff beads which he represented to be coral, and that he had them iv France during the revolution, and could therefore sell them be.ow their value; that defendant bought them, relying on such assurances; that he rent to Africa, aud there discovered that the beads were a spurious article, and not coral, and only worth $1, instead of $14 per string. It also appeared that defeudont had previously eof a Bil to one Builth as coraline, and ad- mitted it to be an iwitation. Upon this states there waseufficient to warrant holding the defendant tw bail. It appeared that he made representations as to the article sold which were not true, and that he had the kuowledge of tne beads being ieee, eas not real. On effidavit on the motion the Gefevdant stated thathe brought the beads from England, and believed them to be of an inferior qua- lity of coral, at a cost of about $5 po string; when be offered them to the plaintiff at $15 per string, the latter objected -that they could not be coral at that price, and that he lied that he bought them for coral, and some of the said that they were, and rome said they were not; tl he left Se te rie examination from O stober till Jan uary and that in the latter part of Janaar tiff; chased from defendant bierematuiry seek at glial that et the foot of the bill was written an agreement that if the beads were not coral they were, within a certain time, to be returned and paid for by the de- fendan’; that in March following the plaintiff bought of the defendant thirty-seven small necklaces of the same beads, and that at thet time the plaintiff said he was fully aware of the article he was buying. Otber affidavits were used to strengthen the statem ments made on both sides but not materially varying the statements of the respective parties. ‘fhe motion founded on these vapers was denied, ou the ground that the original efidavits made oul a prima facie cage of trand, and that the questiva of fraud Gould not be tried by the Juoge, wao also gave the defend- apt liberty to renew the motion. On this motion, now made, the ap. lication for discharge from arrest isrenewed. In addition to the papers heretofore used, the deferdant, by other affidavits, explains some of the previous charges against him, and shows other sales to dealera in this city, in one of which he deduc’ed shout one-seventh from the price, and made sale: to others at about $2 less than the price paid by plaintiff without complaint, and that cne of the purchasers was aware at the time of purchase thet they were not coral. The plain- tit’s affidavit in suswer show that the beads were an imitation. Upon th’s renewed nivt‘on the same rea- tons that operated upon the mind of Judge Wood- raff to deny the metion, render it properithat the mo- tion for a @isebarge from arrest shoald be denied. The plaintif? bas made ¢ m his part a sufficient prima facie case to e arrest, and oll that is contained in th 3 affidavits only serve to answer, the charge. If they could properly be considered on this mo:ion, the Judge, ov a motion to discharge from beil, woud, by the question of fraud which, in fact, isthe only questioa in tois case, for if the plaintiff cannot make out the fraad, he cannot recover in the section. It would be manifestly im- proper on such # preliminary motion to wy the question, althougui am free to say that there are cirentostances in the case connected with this pur- chase on the part of the plaintiff, both in the siatements made by him previous to the purchase, and in the st’pulation which he required, allowing the return of the beads if not corel, which led me very much to doubt whe:her in reality the plaintiff could have been de- ceived as to the quality of the article which he par- chased, and unless the representations were such ag to deceive the plaintiff, he could not recover even if they were untrue. Bot, slihough st is not preper to try that question on this motion, and the defendant must be held to bail on the original charge, still it is proper to look into the papers for the gurpose of re- ducing the amount of bail, ifexcessive. He is now held to bail on $4,000. ‘Tbe amount of the purchase was $2,478. The plaintiff admits the veads to be werth $177. The other evidence in the case shows that similar strings of beads were sold at # redaction of about ove-seventh from the price paid by the plaintiff. That the plaintiff? in March following made a second purchase of the necklaces at 9 price very near the same rates, aid at tnat time the plain- tiff stated he knew what he was purchasing. I am ot opinion that the amount of bail required of the cefendant ehould be much less than the amount fix- ed in the order of urrest. If the plaintiff can recover damages for the atieyed fraud, he can only be injured to the amount of the differeuce between the price aid and the actus! valve. The order in this case, jowever, ouly asks for a discharge from arrest, and not for a mitigation o: bail vr any other relief. Pro perly ip this order I capact recuce the amouust in which the defendant fe beld to bail, but I make these suggestions that the plaintiff may conzentto a reduc ticn of the amount, without the necessity of a further order. If pot, the defendant n opply for a miti- gation of the amonnt. This motion is denied with- out prejudice to such an applic tion. Az vs. Buz.—The clerk allowe! as part of the costs in this case the charges vrovided in the case of an appeal trom & jodgment as ap. tics le to a motion for a new trial on a care, av follows:—Costaon ap- peal before argumevt, $15. Costa on avpesl for ar- gument, $30. Before the amendment of 1852, to the code, these charges were alloxed by some of the Judges, as properly taxed on an appeal from ac order at special rm detying a ew trial. Since the ameudment of the code, however, there can be uo doubt that such charges are not taxable, and it is now plain that the legislature did not fotend that charge to be made for such a servize. The question then arises, what ch: can be made for the service? The counsel, on authority of Elleworth vs. Gooding, 8 How, 124, aske for the same allowances as in case of atrial. I can- not concur in the conclusions of the learned Jndge on that point. A motion for a pew trial is not in senee a ‘tial of an issue. If it was, it would render proper the eharge of preparing for trial which was not allowed iu that case. Is must be governed the same rule, whether the motioa fer a new trial on the ground of surprise or newly discovered evi- Pied | dence, cron a bill of exceptions, or a care; and . no one of them bat the last-—that on a case—renders avy cxamination of the merits necessary. There is no provition for the cost of this proceeding in the fee bill, except the allowance for 4 motion. If that is not evough, the power of the Court to ret the tvil by an extra allowance will furnish proper com- pensation. The amount of $45 allowed by the clerk must be reduced to $10, First District Court, Before Hon Justice Green. HOMEUP+THY AG NST ALOPATHY. Jan, 28.—George FP. Chester, ass gnee of Dr. Gul. inge «t.— Th‘s is an action brought to recover for medical ser- vices Femmes by Dr. Saltonstall to defendant and bis wife, of the value of $25, the claim for which{was assigned to plaintiff. The plaintiff proved he nade four day visita and two night visita to defend- ant and four visits to defendant's wife, and that the value of these services was $24; and it alao appeared in evidence that Dr. Salonstall ia a hot jathic physician. Dr.Cheereman was called for defendant, and depored that he attended Vingent, and that his complaint was Songeice of the lungs. He did not know supthtog of Dr 8.’streatment of the defendant, He, Dr. Cheeseman, is sn alopathic von that in very many instances the hoi doctors ad- minister alopsthic treatment and alopathis medi- cines. The Court held that under the laws of this State any person practising medicine was entitled to recover for his services whatever they were rea covably worth; and it appearing bere by the plain- tiffs teetimony that Dr. 5.’s services were $24, he gave judgment for that amount. McCoy vs. the Hudson Rwer Railroad Com- pany.— The plaintiff brings this action for the re. covery of $100, the value of a quantity of potatoes and pond pat on board the defendants’ cars at Troy,on December 17th, to be delivered in New York on the 18th; but they did not arrive until the 2ist, and in consequence of the severity of the frost they were itjured, aud considerably deteriorated in valoe, There being vo prosf of negligence on the pa: a the defendunts ‘he Court dismissed the com- piaint. Superior Court —Gene ‘al Term, Present—Chief Justice Oakley and Hon. Judges Duer, Bosworth, Slosson, ani Hoffman. DECISIONS. Jan. 28.— Menry Wood vs. Peter Lambert.—New trial granted, costs to abide event. Jsage W. Brownell vs. Thomas Carnley.—Jadg- ment for plaintiff on verdict. Somud 8. Engle vs. Ebenezer Thorn.—Jadg- ment #0 modified as to be without prejndice to playn- tiff’s right to bring an action te recover damages; in other respects affirmed, with costs. James R. Del Vecchio vs, Washington M. Thur- man.— Reverved as to so much of the Ses as awarded the costa of the action againat defend- ant; in other respects affirmed, costa of the ree to either party. William P. Williams vs. Richard Martin Judgment effirmed. Adolphus “youn Se John Cook: be Now trial dtipine 6 sp appt Soophint By alleging directly thot defendents ware oto out hip; 1 amended, defendant be at iberty t0 ; mi vi Kirkpatrick va. Nathan las C. Herring vs. El Moypork.— Sodqans reversed and ew tial ordered 4, coats to abide e Charles H. Clark vs. Robert H. McMillan, §e— Judgment affirmed, with costs. ad ieas is te Smee St i away pee Mr A was one of Commer of he! county, wae forty Ave years of age. highly esteewed by #1 who enj yi bis seqasia- roe.