The New York Herald Newspaper, January 15, 1854, Page 4

— NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITUP, }ORNBR OF FULTON AND %ARSAU 27S. * Oy. Ww. hose A ma L gente per sume ot per :. Ty Saberd ae ener ofthe oor 4MUSEMANTS TO MORROW EYSNING. BOWERY THRATRS, Bowers-Uncue Tom's Canin. S20\DWAW THEATH Broadway~Rewxpezvous— Caranacr ov Tux Ganxcrs. T@EATRA, Chambero sireot—Masxs anv Aub Pry THEATRE Chatham sbrost—Aftornoon Rvouing—Uncie Tom's Cans WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway—Bacurton oF Aave- Peerry Prece or Bus Bus REVIEW AMSRICAN MUSEUM—Aftorncon—Cey. Tom Tavan— Domxstic s¢0NoMY, Kvoning~Lor O'ay Tuu mu. ‘A DWAW MENAGBRIE—Sranese mASTS. twins any Winp RA WOUSH, 472 Brosd: y CURISTY’s Mine cRELS. . Wood's Minstrel Hall, 444 Broad TRELSY. WOODS MINSTREL! wey Armioriam Mi J Drondway—Lvou- BE, ORIAN OFERA TROUPE. D'S GRO. a” rue Hor Lawn RHENISH GALLERY, 663 Brosdway—Day and Eyoring, Ma, 638 Breadway.—Panonama TNOR BLITZ—Srvvvesasr Ixetirurs, 689 Broad MY TALL, 668 Broadway.—P; Frue Seven Mine Minnon ndway.—Jonus’ Panroscorm. wth aMAM's Girt Rx SOP% CHAPEL, 718 Bi STIAN ART—S3 Broad New York, Sunday, January 15, The News. Gen. Gadsden, our Minister to Mexico, arrived at New Orleans on the 12th inst., with the new Mexican dreaty in hes pocket. 30 we are advised by a tele- graphic despatch from that city. Texas, He came in the ng left Mexico about the 5th inst. Oar despatch from New Orleans is yery brief. It states that the Mexican government have agreed to soll about forty milliovs of acres of land in the M Valley for twenty million of dolla hay —one-fourth of which is to remain in our hands to meet claims aga'nst Mexico, including that of the Garay grant. ‘These are all the particulary sent. in mind that the Mesilla Valley It must be borne in dispute between the two countries, embraces about 2,500,000 acres only, This treaty gives us about 37,000,000 in addi tion. We wait further advices. Meanwhile we draw the attention of our amiable and « cotemporaries to the facta of the des Orleans. erpr itch from N A despatch from Washington announce that the administration has received the ne ws. It will bo seen that General Almonte, the Mexi can Minister, now at Washington, has become com mander of the Mexican army. We to-day furnish additional and very interesti ay particulars relative to the wreck of the steamship San Francis», inc ig @ list of tho lost and saved among the different companies of soldiers on board. It is gratifyiug to state that all apprehension with regard to the safety of about one hundred of the pas who were reseued bs ik Kilby, ‘Was yesterday set at reat by the arrival of the ship Lr cy Thompson with all but thirteen o! the soldier: Wyse, and the Brazilian Consul, who were oz the K. The latter vessel, it will be rersembered, was sbort of provisions be: re from the S.F. Th so scarce that they were compelied to sustalt corn and biscuit soaked ia rain wa'er for two weeks, and had it not been for bounti When fallen in vers they v hed of thirst. eir situation was sad y Thompson th © last verge of starvation. The narrati outhwort one of the two who were saved from amo large number washed overboard by the sea which first swept the decks of the San Francisco, will be read with a thrill It seems almost a miracle that he should bave the “acre of bleeding and drowning hu crushed timbers,” floa gruously Bat the Nearly all the storm-tossed beings saved by the Three Bells aud the Kilby are in port; a for those in the ship Antarctic, they are known to be on board of as staunch a vessel as ever floated, with of horror. been able to r hip from among the bei cabios and together. worst ia over, and as plenty of room andan abundant supply of provisions, she havi ailed hence for Liverpool with but fow passengers, and victaals enough to feed hundreds for months. Accounts of marine disasters are accumulating Upon us at a terrible rate. Scarcely a vessel comes into port that does not report having met abandoned ps, pieces of wreck, &c. Fora varie see the ship news columns, mate of the lost ship Staffordshire, who has | reached Halifax, states that one hundred and reventy five persons went down with the vessel hardson, who had previously been severely sed to leave. He sunk with his pas: sengera. The ship disappeared beneath the waters 2 ten minutes after striking on Blond Rock seventeen miles from Cape Sable. Of some one hunéred and eighty emigrants mostly Irish, only one female and four males were saved. [i The steamship Gen. Berry recently struck a saag in the Mississippi, near the Grand Cu'-off, and im media sunk. Fifteen deck passengers were from Washington that Senator Douglas to issue a strong letter in opposition to the of making appropriations for river and vements. An idea of his views may be fathered fromour despatch. The Gardiner cose still bangs on. Major Hobbie's health is improving. The question concerning the eligibity of Hon Rodman M. Price tothe Governorship of New Jersey, wae iscuseion in the Senate of that State on Friday. Resolutions were introduced making provi sion for t meetiog of the two honses, in order 0 try e; bat they the ground that the ryefore the Judges of the 8 e cas were strongly opposed, on gation should t yreme Court, nve ntions were finally referred to the Judici nittee, who are to meet to morrow and el. The principal argument ef the cont hat Mr. Price has been a non-resident of t or ten years. Dates from Havana to the Sth inst. ann be rew Captain G.neral bas refosed to e American seamen, who hay» been vo s believed anjustly, imprisoned on cherg | been implicated in the slave trade. It now be, hoves the government at Washington to adopt more energetic measures with regard to the case of these mariners, in order—if it pot : proved that they are innocent of the alleged c of which there is little doubt—that they may be aye liberated, bat nera’ed for their hardehips and sufferings, ceedings in our State Legislature yes'er- importance as to render the tion of the regular report of the proveedings ry this mornings Our special Atbany cor , t furvi-hes several items of iuteres*. tal number of deaths in this eity for the pact week, was four hundred and eighty three, fog an xeess of two over the mortality of the pre’ sions seven Of this number, two hundred and eighty eight were boys aud girls, thus showing that the fatality among juveniles continues far more disas- trous than among adults, although the result should and would be otherwise were parents to pay more attention to the welfare of their offspring, by provid- ing them with proper food and raiment—thereby, in a majority cf cases probably, rendering them impreg- nable to the incipiency of disease. During the week consumption carried off 69, an increase of 6; various inflammations, 61; nyuwsions, 30, only two of The day were of so little pudilic | unneces res] | days. whom were adults; different fevers, 39, of which 18 were scarlet; croup, 14; marasmus, 16, 4 adults; dropsies measles, 14; still born and premature berths, 30; and small pox, 39, being a decrease of 4. The nativities of the deceased are classed as foll United States, 204, being only six more than the number of children who died; Ire- lend, 1 ermany, 42; England, cotland, 7; France weden, Switzerland, Sardinia, Spain and Italy, 1 each; and 8 whose birth places were un- known. The most unbealthy localities in the city are the Sixth ward, in which 34 di the Eleventh. Twelfth, 50; Sixteenth, 34; Seventeenth, 47, and I teenth In the other wards the mortality was nearly equally divided, with the exception of the Second and Third—only two haying died ia the former and three in the latter. If parents would bat take proper care of their children, they would soon find the city mortality almost entirely confined to the foreign population, he assassination case of Dr. Lutener assumed An. other aspect yesterday before the Coronor. ae witnesses ©: ed in behal’ of Mr. and Mra. Hays went far to As the mystery increases, 80 does the ¢ The evidence thus far elicited le, as wilh be seen ly the full rep st earns ship ‘opa has L iverpool. uformation with regard to the at e ie, our inside pages © on‘ain g the Pope's of the Gove at nearly an Nuneio and Fat! er Gay ernors of Kentucky, ritory; a variety of Political Intelligence; Le‘ters from Vera Cruz, Yucatan, Acapulco, Paris, Houston and Boston; News from Buenos Ayres and Texas; State Military C Tranyer, in Vir ‘The Senate and the Spoils. We hear strange news from Washington. We are told that the opposition which was ushered into so formidable an existence by the vote for the printer to the Senate has already split and shivered onthe rock of t! We are given to tinderstand that Sona ght, wo took the lead i ay to defeat Armstrong ke been won over by glitt promises {rom the Presi- dent, and, to.ciher with many of his col- agues, agrees to support the confirmation of Collector Redf We are notified that the Senate will cast aside all thoughts of the great al principles involved in the removal of and is now fully under the potent in fluence of the public plunder. We are bidden to prepare our minds for the news of the con- irmation of even the most obnoxious and un- of the foreign appointments. In short, rned that the most important and the Wie brauch of the American gov- not been able to withstand th of the spoils system, and now minions head to the dictates o Jenders and foreign bankers ostics prove true, we have st melancholy evidence of the over- whelm! power of corruption among our pub- lie men. That principle and integrity should ke abondoned so shamelessly, and so suddenly, by sucha body as the United States Senate, me Ny betokens a degree of political immorality for which the most cynical ob- server was unprepared. The unexpected vo weere most hono Shoule before u for Tucker, and the rejection of Armstr relieved the independent mind of the country from the load of d which the pur- ance of the spoils policy had heaped upon it; men breathed fre s they remembered the past gl ate aw in that—its bat its former spirit was renched. Even now, notwith ‘epeated votes of the House in support of the administration, and the rumored abandonment by the Senate of their dignified attitude of independence, there are not wanting men—and we are free to confess that we ara among the number—who still refuse to despair ofthe government and the country. We are cqnvinced, pite of all symptoms to the con- trary, that there is at bottom a strong feeling of opposition to the Cabinet principles and po- licy an y of both houses, and that its open outbreak is now only prevented or re. tarded by corrupt influences. We believe that late if the ad ration could be deprived of the power it wields in the shape of the spoils its supp: rs would find themselves in a wretched minority in both the House and Senate. Thus much we will say in behalf of our repreeen- tatives: The truth will probably be clicited by the That case involves the most noteworthy of the delin- nt Cabinet. No one has y particular hostility to Mr. Redfield as an individual; his merits or demerits need not enter into the discussion of his case. It is im- portant simply because it embraces a political principle of the highest moment—the right of the federal government to interfere in the poli tical affairs of the several States. If Mr, Red- field be confirmed, it will then become a settled principle of our government that entire control over our local Custom Houses and Post Ofices is vested in the Cabinet at Waehington; and that Collectors are mere instruments, en- trusted with the mechanical duty of carrying out in every particular, even in the appoint- ment of tidewaiters, the views and wishes of the federal administration. We need not here spend time in pointing out the danger of rob- bing the States of an authority which reason and custom have placed in their hands. Every one who is familiar with the working of our government can dis the excesses and perils to which h a system could hardly fail to lead. Ag the confirmation of Redfietd im- plies an approval of the removal of Bronson, of the motives which induced that arbitrary pro. and of the manner fo which it was We ea t bring ourselves to b at ¢ a single member of Congress be found to stand up in his place and ypenly the brutal letters of Secretary Guthrie or the grounds of Bronson’s dismissal case of Redfield ceed! carried out th as assigned F vy the Washington organ of the Cabinet." Yet this the Senate will do if it a e3 gedfield. sronson’s bitterest enemies have never atten gted to question bis fitness for the post of pe .ector. That he would have discharged i < ‘aties efficiently, and given ample satis tion to the’ mercantile community and the State at large, we have sufficient evidence in the indignant remonstrance which men of all parties joined in transmitting to Mr. Guthrie im: malialets after his dismissal. Nor can any legitimate exception be taken to his appoint- ments. He chose his subordinates among those who had been most warmly attached to the cause of General Pierce during the canvass, and was likewise careful to provide the Cus- tom House with officers capable of discharging their duties efficiently. The only ground on which he became obnoxious to the government was his €tcady refusal to listen to Marcy's hints that special favor should be showa to certain cliques and fections in this State. Di- rections from sucha quarter and of such a nature he deemed it his duty steadily to re- sist. Holding that he was himself the proper judge of the fitness of his nominees, and deem- ing federal interference in local appointments an unwarrantable usurpation of the inde- pendent rights of the States, Collector Bronson closed his ears to the intimations he received from Washington. . He was, therefore, dis- missed; and it now devolves upon the Senate to say whether that dismissal was or was not as contrary to the uniform practice of the Uni- ted States government as it was contrary to the dictates of reason and common sense. We confess we had until recently no doubt whatever of the action of the Senate. What- ever the House might do, we thought we could rely upon manly indepeadence and incorrupti- bie integrity in the upper branch of the govera- ment. Nor do we now repudiate that feeling of confidence. It cannot be possible that en opposition so nobly commenced has already given way under corrupt influences—it cannot be that the tyrannical ‘hreats of the organ of the Cabinet have already overcome the indepen- dence of the Senate, and forced its members to cower among the rank and file of the govern- ment supporters. Is it possible that General Cass, whose fifty years of noble antecedents have placed his name among those of the fathers of his country, will ¢ his glorious political life so meanly as to submit, for some paltry consideration, to'the commands of a spoils Cabi- net, and publicly endorse by his vote a policy which his daily conversation condemns? Can Senator Douglas, with the splendid prospects which are opening before him, deliberately con sent to tarnish his name and stain his character me submission to a Cabinet whose ruling the destruction of independence of th wait and rectitude of action? Are Senators Houston, Bright, and the other distingtished members of that body whose characteristic has hitherto been unwavering uprightness, prepared to unite and rob the Senate of its brightest claim to honor at the insolent bidding of a Cabinet organ or the glittering seductions of the spoils? We cannot think so. We cannot believe it. We will not hold the Senate so cheap till the deed is formally placed on record. Colt’s Patent - Congress and Patent Monopo- ites—The Game for the Spotls. The Washington Union, the great central organ of the Cabinet and the spoils system, in- cluding land monopolies and patent monopolies, continues to keep up the fire with the zeal of a paid lobby member, in behalf of the extensi 1 act, of the patent tor Colt’s rc Cabinet organ is thus using the ‘ole hy a sp The influence of the administrotion, directly, ver whole to push through Cor s one of the largest of these enormous patent monopolies. This is perfectly consistent with the whole programme of the spoilsmen. But what are the sounds for this call of Mr. Colt for this special extension, after its refusal by the proper depart- ment? His justification is simply this: that he ested the profits of his patent thus far in the erection of more extensive factories, includ- ing a large factory in England for the manu facture of revolvers for the British army. Tha: is to ray. by a special act of Congress Mr, Colt is to be further secured in his monopoly at home, realized a handsome dividerd glish factory in London. He has mate a million of money out of his patent thus far— that fact appears in the evidence before the Patent Commissioner: but having investeé it in several large factories, including the Lonion ory, he now simply asks such an extension, y a special act, as will enable him to mak five or six millions, The title of the bill before the House, therefore, should read: * A bill to put five or six millions of money inte the pockets amuel Colt, by a tax upon tie community, in continuing his monopoly for an additional term of years.” The application for a renewal of this patent was rejected by the Patent Commissioner, ac- cording to the intent of the patent laws, which provide that after a monopoly of fourteen years, if it shall appear that the patentee has been liberally paid for his invention, the patent shall become the common property of the people. Colt has been liberally paid—or if million of profits is not Jarge enough, we should like to know what is. The introduction of the bill, then, in Congress, againgt the judgment of the proper department. for the special benefit of this pistol monopoly, savors strongly of a wrong principle in legislation of the w kind. It ie monopoly legislation, and is of a piece with the special bills to land-jobbers, railroad jobbers, and contract-jobbers, all of wljch con- stitute the spoils system of the present admin- istration. But, grant this extension to Colt, where is this business toend? An adverse report has been made against Woodworth’s planing ma- chine, on the plea that he has bad the monopo- ly long enough, and that its further extension would, ina single year, make the peopl of this country pay fifteen millions of dollars for work which, in abolishing the monopoly, could be procured for three millions. But why this discrimination between Colt and Woodworth, or anybody else? Invade the established policy of the Patent Bureau with a special case of fa- voritism, and the established policy is broken down. There were, we believe a thousand pa- e tents granted by the Patent Office during the | last year—a hundred of these may turn out to | be useful and profitable to the inventor. Grant a special act to Colt, and how can Congress re- fuse the same thingin any one of these hun- dred, or five hundred, or a thonsand cages? not doto say that the President's recommends this sp for the benefit of certain monopol clus others. will not that a wealthy monopolist fs t It will meseag on of e continued fa man, with a little invention, must be satisfied with the term allowed him by the Patent Office: This sort of pleasing betrays the rankest cor ruption. We should like to know exactly how much fine wines, oysters, canvass backs, &e.— to say nothing of liberal loans of ready cash— we should like to know the actual weight of such lobby influences before the House, in the matter of a patent bill, the passage of whieh will be equal to a forturre of five millions of dollars to the happy recipient. We should also like to know the exact difference between such legislation, and the passage of Galphin and Gardner claims, or the erection of a United States Bank. The only material difference that we can discover between a special patent mo- nopoly, where the applicant is already enriched from his profits, according to the intent of the laws, and a Galphin claim, is this—the latter takes the money directly out of the treasury, while che former takes it only gradually out of the pockets of the people. The principle involved in this extension of Colt’s patent is wrong and demoralizing. It is monopoly legislation—it is unjust to the com- munity, in continuing to tax them for an article for which they have already richly rewarded the inventor; and it is unjust to other paten- tees, or else they should all be made to share and shar: alike. Congress has no right to grant a special favor to Samuel Colt, and refuse the same thing to John Jones or Tom Woodworth; no right to make this invidious distinction, we say, though Jones may not be able to give even an oyster stew or a gluss of brandy to a soli- tary member of cither house. Pass the case of Colt, and the doctrine of equal rights re- quires that the entire schedule of seventy mil- lions of the spoils for patent extensions should be pasted—every one of them. We rare nothing for the President’s sugges- tions in this business; nothing for what the Cabinet, the Cabinet organ, and the Cabinet party in the House may urge in behalf of a few wealthy patent monopolies that can pay. The thing is wrong, unjust, and demoralizing. The United States Bank was a financial monopoly, an éngine of political corruption, a hideous moneyed monster, and the people put it down. Sut the monopolies of the spoilsmen at Wash- ington, including railroad land projects, canal land projects, plauk-road Jand projects, and all other projects of land-jobbing and log-rolling, and special contracts of all kinds for the benefit of stock-jobbing monopolies, form all together a spoils system infiuitely more dangerous and corrupting than the United States Bank and all the pet banks of Van Buren combined. We sce that there appears to be some hitch on the Colt patent extension in the House. The passage or defeat of the project will go tar to contirm or cut down the prodigious programme of the spoilsmen for the five hundred millions of dollars of the public plunder. We are glad to see the public press. except the leading organs of the spoilsmen, speaking out on this subject. \Without reference to party, the honest press of the country is. or must be, with us. Let Con- \gress look to it; let us know who are, and who are not, the spoilsmen. We shall keep an eye on these chaps. We shall watch their game, Dr. Bepint—His Misston ANp wis TRouBies.— It appears from a long letter published in an- other column, that Dr. Bedini was sent here as a special envoy from the Pope to the govern- ment of the United States, and averedited as such. But it likewise appears that he was en trusted with the duty of settling some dis putes, which had originated at Buffalo and else- where, between the Romish clergy aud laity on the sulject of church property. Our opinion on the subjects treated by our correspondent can be briefly told. As envoy from the Pope, a temporal rovereign and the ruler of a State recognized as politically independent in Europe, wecan have no objection to receive Signor Bedini. He is entitled, in his capacity of foreign ambassador,to more than welcome and courtesy: he has a right to peculiar privileges and immu- nities, which no one in this free country would deliberately deny him. But when be assumes to settle financial or property disputes he travels beyond the limit of his authority. No foreign emissary has a right to intermeddle be- tween American citizens or corporations. What- ever disputes occur between these with regard to property must be adjadicated upon by courts of justice; and any attempt by a foreigner, clothed with no matter what authority, to forestal their decision, caunot be regarded otherwise than as an unwarrantable and imper- tinent interference. If Dr. Bedini assumed to exercise the jurisdiction we are given to un- derstand he did he exceyled the proper limits of his authority, invaded the prerogative of our courts, and violated the liberties of our citizens. We trust we do not require to place formally on record our emphatic reprobation of the outrages at Cincinnati. Brutal and raf fianly violence is not the fit arm of freemen; and it retlects little credit either on the citizens or the authorities of Cincinnati that such | disgraceful proceedings should have occurred in the city. But the infamy incurred by the Cincinnati rioters affords no defence to the Italian for bis assumption of an authority to which he had no claim. It may seem illiberal tostate the fact broadly, but it is nevertheless the case that most of our internal disturbances have been occasioned or caused by the instrumentality of foreign visiters. It required all the nerve and all the common sense of the American people to avoid riots on the oveasion of Gavazzi’s lectures. He, again, was a foreigner, fresh from battle-fields in Italy, who came here to preach a crusade against Popery, and declaimed against the Papal Church as though it was the same as it was in the fifteenth century. He strove to excite men’s minds without a shadow of a prospect of any satisfactory result. Does anybody believe that Gavazzi did any good to Protestantism, to republicanism, or to democracy! A single German mechanic, or a single Irish chamber- maid, who comes here, lives frugally and hon- estly, and by thrift and industry remits a small pittance to friends at home, with an invitation to epend the remainder of their days on Ameri- can soil. spreads republicanism and liberty toa much greater extent than either Kossuth, Gavazzi, or Mitchel. | Tue Mane Law IN THE Couow Covven.— It is very surprising that no one has taken any cotice of the resolution offered a few nights ago by Councilman Wild, calling for information respecting the number of cows that have died | trom intoxication in New York during the past | year, and in yespect to the subject geuerally | of swill milk, This ie a most important mat- ter, as it is a notorious fact that half the babies born in New York are brought to an uatimely end through the awful effects of being fed on poisonous milk panch. We hope Mr. Wild will stick to the resolution like a piece of his own his monopoly by @ special act, while the poor | taffy, Tux Fasionabce Season at Wasninctox.— This month of January will be signalized at Washington by the formal opéning of the fash- ionable season Anda gay, dashing, fasbiona- ble campaign is expected=a jubilee—a perfect carnival—based upon the public plunder at the disposition of Congress of five hundred mil- lions of dollars. Patent agents and India rab- ber agents, with their carpet bags fall of gold ; railroad land jobbers. with their pocket books full of drafts and faney stocks; steamship agents, with any amount of treasury certifi- cates ; contract agents and claim agents, flush of money, will be there. No risk—no gain; but where the pile is five hundred millions the risks will be tremendous. A hundred well invested may draw five hundred ; but ten thousand, ju- diciously put in, may draw a million of the spoils. With all these rich agents of the lobby at Washington, to say nothing of the hopefal bach- elors of Congress, there will be numerous as- piring mamas with their hopeful daughters in the field, on the qui vive for eligible husbands. It will be a gay, dashing season of money mak- ing, love making, and match making-of stock- jobbing. railroad jobbing, contract jobbing, and all kinds of jobbing for the spoils. Flummery, fashion, luxury, dissipation, and unbounded ex- travagance, will be the card, all resting upon the glorious chances of a haul from the five hundred millions of the public plunder, What acarnival it will be! It will be a perfect Car- nival of Venice with all the modern improve- ments. Our New York tradesmen should not over- look this opening harvest. Stewart, and Beck, and others, should send on their richest speci- mens of the latest styles of silks and laces, with a competent lobby agent, to the fashiona- ble market at Washington. Genin should send on the costliest articles of his | id Phalon should not forget that soap among the Washington spoilsmen is always needed. They will require a large supply of soap before fhia session is over. Nor should our fashionable tailors lose sight of the fact that the tailor makes the lions at Washington, from head to tail. Corraz, up Broadway, is the artist for Pennsylvania avenue at this crisis, He isa French tailor, and understands the anatomy of a good fit. Where there are no calves to the customer's legs he can supply them, or fill out a pair of narrow shoulders, or straighten a crooked back by the cut and the trimming of his garments. What an acquisition would such aman be among the broken down party hacks at Washington, ambitious of appearing young and handsome among the ladies. And for making or patehing a pair of breeches Corraz always adapts his prices to the minimum of the State Department. Our wine merchants, too, showild send on to the federal city some of their very best brands of wine of all varieties, for Newark cider aud other imitations can no longer be tolerated at the Cabinet and Congressional assemblies as champagne, Hockheimer, or Burgundy. We are in now forthe real thing—real champagne, real diamonds, and the real gold, twenty-three carats fine—for the spoils to be appropriated amount to five hundred millions of dollars. Only think of it! Five hundred millions, in claims, contracts, patents, railroads. and what not. Five hundred millions! The Queen of Sheba—no doubt a very handsome branette— made a royal visit to King Solomon, bringing » whole caravan.of gold, spices and other co. presents to Jerusalem; bat she ,went away vastly richer than she came, She understood the game for the- spoils. She ought to be in- formed of the five huudred millions in store for the spoilsmen at Washington. Who is our Coa. sul to the Queen of Sheba? Five hundred mil- lions! What a carnival—what a feast for tne faithful ! At the head of the table sits the Pre- sident, with Marcy at the tail; and there is Col. Forney on one side, and Sidney Webster on the other, dissecting the wings and side bones of the ducks and turkeys; while Gen. Armstrong, ofthe Union, armed with the sword of Gen. Jackson, is master of ceremonies, and dispenser of the wines. It is the year of jubilee to the spoilsmen at Washington—the year of fushion—and the car- nival is opened with a general amnesty and a general invitation to join in. The good time so long coming, has come. The ball is opened’ and from this time perhaps till next September we shall have nothing but dining, and wining, and gambling, and carousing, and intrigues among the spoilsmen, and marrying and giving in marriage, and so forth—the whole forming the fashionable programme for the carnival of the five hundred millions. Let all bands put in for a share of the fun or a share of the spoils, Is not this a free country. An; Tue SENATE AND THE PREMIER ON CENTRAL Awenica.—The debate opened the other day in the United States Senate on Central American affairs by General Cass, in a lengthy rigmarole of diplomatic verbiage, has been continued, and remains to be further continued, by Mr. Clayton, in his still more long-winded rigmarole in de- fence of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty. From this beginning we are promised nothing but a waste of time in this senatorial discussion, On the other hand, Secretary Marcy, in his correspondence with Lord Clarendon, which we published yesterday, presents the real merits of the assumed sovereignty of the Mosquito king ina nutshell. Our Premier says *— It_is not now made known for the first time to Her Majesty's government that the United States denies that these Indians have any sovereignty over the country they ozcupy; but government does not make—nor does it perceive any good reason for Sea distinction between this tribe of sava ges and those who occupy parts of our territories, or of the territories of the British provinces in North America. Iam aware that Her Mojesty’s gover ment be the Mosquito Indians as an exceptions! case to the ru'e generally acted on by itself, as well as other nations, but in this claim the United States has never acquiesced. Upon this simple construction of the Mosquito question rests the solution of the whole problem. But we should really like to know whether this is mere talking, or whether the administration intend to act upon it, or upon another Clayton compromise. We should like to know practi- cally what is the Cabinet construction of the Monroe doctrine. The country is getting tired of this eternal talking and letter-writing. Waar Dors rr Mean ?—Last winter Mr. For- syth, of Albany, offered an amendment to the constitution, making felony of all frauds at elections, illegal voting, &e. This amendment requires to be acted upon by the present Legis- lature before it can be submitted to the people; but we understand from a Senator who was in the city yesterday that Weed and the whig majority in the Legislature have determined to give this amendment the go-by, and let the measnre it contemplates for the protection of the ballot box, die a natural death. Why is this? Are our whig legislators afraid to have such an amendment go into effect? a EE——E_——Eoo SEWS BY TFESRC RARE VERY IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO: Arrival of Minister Gadsden with his Treaty at New Orleans, RECEPTION OF THE INTE LLIGENCE aT WASHINGTON. PATENT LEGISLATION. AFFAIRS IN ALBANY. Steamboat Sunk and Fifteen Lives Lost op the MlssissIppt. &e, &e, &eo, Highly Important from Mexico. A TREATY FOR THE MES(LLA VALLEY CONCLUDED. New Ontxans, Jan. 12, 1864, The steamship Texas bas arrived at thir port from Vera Cruz, bringing dates from the city of Mexico to the 5th inst. Mr. Gadeden, our Minister to Mexico, came passenger in the Texas, he ving concinded an important treaty with the Mexican government. The treaty (Mexico) agrees to give 39,000,400 acres im Mosilis Valley for $10,000,000, of which $5,000,000 are to be reservid fcr paying claims, including the Garey grant, &e. It is unc erstood that Mr Slo pays the Tchuantepea Company $2,000,000 for the relioquizhmeat of all their rights, : The 7vaii d' Union notices the Gadsden tronty favorably, end ays it is received with joy by the public. General Lombariini is Cead. sad General Almonte bag succeeded hina in comman: of the army. Gen. Aleostn, the Miriate count of ill health, The details confirming the destruction of the Walker expedition to Sonora are reveived, but nothing later ex- cept tue reported capture of the Car lise, Amongst the passengers sre Col Ramsey, Messrs Hare gous (two), and Senor Atocho War, had veeigned on ae The Latest from Washington. THE GADSDEN TREATY--JUDGE DOUGLAS ON RIVER AND HABBOR IMPROVEMENTS—THE GARDNER CASB PROPOSED GENERAL RAILROAD LAND BILL, ETO. Wasinncton, Jan, 14--10 P, M. Government Have received despatches confirmatory of the telegraphic report from New Orleans, that Mr. Gide- cenhas negotiated a treaiy with Mexico oa the terms named. Attorcey General Cushing Jeft here this afternoon for Boston. - Judge Douglas bas sdcressed an important letter to the Governor of Illixoir, on river and harbor improye- monte, in which he argues the whole subject ably and folly, It will appear in to-morrow’s Sentinel. He cone elders the dissriminatioa ir improvements between tidal and other waters unjust, snd believes that if the power of Copgress to protect navigation has any existence im the constitution, it reaches every portion of the Union where the water is in fact navigable. He argues that the ryatem of improvementn by the gaers! govern: ment, is liable to two-fold objsctions—of uxeonstita. Nonality, and ivexpediency—and that the system has sigually failed, worse than failed, because it bas reprerred Iceal legislation and enterprice, Finally, he advocates the pacsage of » general law giving the consent of Congrers to the imporition of tonnage duties according to a unifornl rule, ard upom equal tora, in all the States and territo: ier, consjiering it fully snaationed by the constitutim, justified by the President, and im every point of view the most economical and satisfac~ tory ayetem The letter ix written with great clearness end ability, and will conmacd attention, Dr. Gardner comes out with @ communicatioa in the morning papers, denyiog that he had any ayecoy in the sbstraciion of the missing papers, and regardiag their Jose as ® grest misfortuue to his cause. Major Mordecad and ot, who visitited the7¢gion of Laguinill+s lastaume mer, were examined this week, aad fally corroborate the testimony of the previous commissioners, ss to find. ing no mines withio the limits of that district, amd dis- Prove the evidence of deferdant’s witnesses, Ab dott and Slocum. The Ccmmitiees on Public Lands of the two houser, to. promote uniformity in the numerons projasted railroad, grante, have delegated » joint sub-committee to prepare & gereral or model bill upon the subject. Petitic ns are in clrovlation for a railroad throng h Penn sylvania evenue, from the Navy yard to Goorge!own. The Blue Book for 1853 is iseued. Majer Hobbie is convalercent. Lieuterant J. A Davis, U. S. Navy, whose skull wag fractured by his being thrown from @ baggy oa Tuesday, died at the Infirmary this afte: noon, PROGRESS OF MONOPOLY LEGISLATION—COLY’s. PaTENT—THE LOSBY—THE NUNCIO. Wastuneton, Jan. 14, 1854, Latter writers now ewarm about the halls of Congress, the bureaus of the Departmsats, hotels and barrooms, like #0 mapy moths, and aro ¢qually harmless, but a great nuisance. In addition to their regular duties of sticking their noses Into every body’s back apartments, and trying to smell out things, they are «mployel very usefally by egents who have bills before Congress to spit members, A hupére! dollar bill would buy about twenty of these men for such work, provided toere was an sdditional agreement that $100, wan to be made up to each if any named bill was to pass, and feed, and liquor, and segars, during the operation. With such a mighty bribe the respective newspapere which they represent are placed at the disposal of the Moorshine Gazing Company, which hae a bill befora Con- gress for relief, Congress is then alphabetically arranged and classified, and, under the direction of the presiding genius or agents of the 4G. Co, each censtor and memter is felt. Those who can be bought outright are soon settled, and the rest approached by a hundred other channels. The famous Colt patent is now before Congress, It was ssure thirg if he had not sent so many agents here, But these agents act upon the principle that there is nos an henest man in Cobgreas. They hire as room—parior at the hotel—a euperb di:ner is served up at 6 o’clock— canvase-backs by the dozen, venison whole, winos of the choicest quality, and eegars at a $00 per thousend. These inners have beer goipgoa for m month, uatil all the members of both Hor that they could induce to par- take have beeninvited. The Chairman of Patente has dined there. The committes of the House who reported 80 favorably have all cined there, and canvass-backs, choice wines, and the extraordinary segars, flavor the re- ports of the committees cf both Honses. Of course they were in favor of Colt's patent, or any other pstent wnee Lucifer invented patent matehes, when the agents furnished such Cinners. The press of New York and Philacelphia were rep-erented at there dianers, with a lot of others too extrexely small to mention—and of coarse there gentlemen are devoted patriotically and disin- terestedly to furthering Coli’s patent before Congress, Sach members as could not be reached directly in both Houses, nor fetched with a dinner, have recaived a Colt’s pistol, with all the improvements. It is estimated that about nine hundred and thirty-two have ben thas given to both Houses, either directly to membors through some mutual friend, or indirectly to friends of members, Every member who has got a Colt’s pistol, with the other Coeuments, is bound to vote for it. A pistol ica very convincing argument under aay circumstances; but look at the morality of the thing. In ten years how muy ‘widows and orphans will be mate by giving away this quantity of pistols to members of Congress, Who foote all these bille? We will suppore— Diect tatereat of ite if it does pass Head agents’ fees, $5,000 each... Money ured to purchase dees ‘articien of neces: sity and mercy, tay.. “” aioe Total, Prrrrreeees + «,9106,000 106,000 ‘The bill will give Mr. Colt many millions. What « fool Le would be not to spend ten per cent to gets hundred, All the patent propristor’s friends are perfectly sure. the bill will pass, Its model patent movement, for all the rert will Be conducted upon the name priaciple if this succeeds. For God's sake, When you see the rote, publish it tm pamphiet form, in Roman capitals, for you ov sells hundred thouvand copies throughout the United States, It will chow the people the rystem of special legislation.