The New York Herald Newspaper, January 13, 1854, Page 7

tARRIVAL OF THE BALTIC. IGHLY IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. FIVE DAYS LATHER NEWS. hreatened Opposition of Austria to England and France, ustrian Declaration ef Friendship for Russia. trigues of Russia in Sweden, Persia, and India. ETUBN OF LORD PALMERSTON TO OFFICE. ppeenver nearer ant Instractions to the British and Freneh Ministers and Admirals at Constantinople. nticipated Declaration of War by Eng- land and France Against Russia. ¢ Effect on the Money Market and Decline in Consols, HE RECEPTION OF JOHN MITCHEL IN NEW YORK. TIE SOULE DUELS AT MADRID. STATE OF THE MARKETS, éo., Se, die. The Collies mail steamship Baltic, Capt. Comstock, ved at this port at half-past even o’clook last night. left Liverpool at nine o’clook on Thursday evening, 20th ult., having been detained thirty-six houra by bw tide, which prevented her leaving her dock. She ar- ved off Sandy Hook at two o’clsck yesterday morning, d was detaived til! four o’clock in the afternoon. ‘The Cunard steamship Euroa arrived at Liverpool at past eight o’olock on Monday evening, the 26th, and screw steamer City of Glasgow at four o’clock om Mburaday afternoon, the 49th ult, ‘The news affecting the Turko Russian war is highly im. lortant. We learn from Constantisople that the Divan het onthe 15th ult., when, after & longand animated cussion, it was resolved to authorise the ministry to te that the Sublime Porte would willingly send a Jenipotentizry to some place in neutral territory, for the ‘urpose of treating for peace, and at the same time would fe willing to accept the guarantee of the four powers that Principalities should be evacustei immediately upon he conclusion of a treaty of peace. This news, how 7, needs confirmation Au contraire, we learn that Ihe Cztr, in nen-officis! commuotestions to the coarts of 3erlin and Vienna, bas stated bia determiaation not to to any proposals for peaceful negotiations unless con- derable concessions were made to Russia The question d become much more compliested by the intrigues of ja in Sweeden, Persia ani Indie; and according to He tone of the English prese, a general war throughout Surope ard Asia now seemed inevitadle. THE TURKISH WAR. Our London Correspondence. teed RETURN OF LORD PALMERSTON TO OFFICE—THE EASTERN QUESTION. Loxpow, Tuesday, Deo. 27, 1853. The most ralient piece of news by the present mail is Fhe return to office of Lord Palmerston to his old post. the Aberdeen Cavinet is again complete The minis- journals still maintain that his retirement had othing to do with his views of the foreign pclicy of the Cabinet. I: ia, under all circumstances, as well tha st 90 critical a moment any Cifferecce in the Cabinet i Hone away with. It is also to be hoped that England will ake now a more decided line of cooduct, and give that terial support to Turkey which it requires. In my !ast communication I msptioaed that Louis Na- plop, soxewhat disgusted at the want cf energy dis- yed by our government, bad resolved to bring mat- toacrisis, The subdjoined article was written by hit era ard rent to the Belgian papers, and then copied to the cficlal papers of Paris, The reason why it was otinarrted at once tathe Pari: papers is, because it would have led to a rupture, or at least a misunder- ytarding between the tro governments. The following the article = | The mivisterial crisie produced by the resigoation of ord Pstmersten is still prolorged, and nothing as yet indicates that it will bave s prompt and gatiefasto-y ter mination for Lord aberdeen Tae press has not failed to d beth bere and at London, in » vast range of omment+ry, both concerning the cause of the disiocn on of the English Cabinet snd on the difficalties which d Aberdeen was likely to sneet with in reconstructing a@Ministration. These ciffculties'] think I can at m to you, proceed lee# from home affairs then from foreign politica. If the quest'on for Lord Aberdeen was only to tind sulleagues—it the questien of reform wes the or the principal ca of Lord Palmeraton’s ment, or if the point wae merely, independently of anterior engagement, to d- sid* on a partioular coarse the affairs of the Esst, there can be no doudt that Lord Wberdeen would bave long before now have completed cabinet, and prepared his programme for the coming rliamentary session. Men hs chn have in plenty, but he factis that events have igo counter to bis expesta- Ysions. H+ :hought he could continue, with new col- nee, embiguous negotiations, and a dondtfal policy, ich, withcut giving Torkey the satis‘ection which « from her aecient allies, without separa ‘ting fa land from France, ont breaking with Oall in‘eresta but in reali to all appearauce paid fell attention y compromising them all, to profit of the power which vow meaaces the integrity the Ottoman empire aod the valance of power in Surcpe But at present, Lord Aberdeen fraed from his wolleague. ts called op absolytely to ceclare what be pro todo. The present Emperor of the French, it is posi- afirm ad, has brought the question tefore the English Ca terms of such precision, that every kind of shifting ur has become imposible The unheard ef move- (ment of public opinion which has manifested it yaoi in Fogland at the news of the disorder of Biope, on of the defsat cf the Turks in Asia, is ot of a Imature to diminish Lord Abirceen’s embarrassment And Sein France, sgitated by that catastrophe, invites him, ine, to choose between the abandonment of the Otto Empire aud the course of policy which is most auit- able for the Western Powers, there rewains for that iatatesman only two courses to take—either to preserve the direction of a‘fairs with the maistenance of the Freneh ,the heed cf civilization, or to make way for a cabinet @hich, rerposding to the generous sentimental of the UEpglish propie, will find Ite force where Lord Aberdeen (finia bis weaknecs, » Binee the retara to office of Lord Pslmerston bas be feome known and Ergland has resolved to act with energy him the Feat, the two governments of France ani England yare sgein reeolred 30 pull well together. I am to!d on ygood suthority, that an article will appear in the Moni feeur shortly, rete . the Frech mail arrived very late in town to day, ia yoorrequenos of bad weather in the Channel. It ba pbrought the following important istelligence:— j Tomorrow, the 27th instant, the steam oorvette L. Caton will leave Marreilies for Constantinople, with in structions f:om the Freceb government for Admiral Ba- Imelim. There instructions will rot alone consist in or \dere to prevent the Russians from disembarking troopa on the coast of the Black Sea; they will alo be to the ef- ‘Seot thet if whall Le signified to the Russian admiral, trough the mediuim of an envoy with a flag of truce who will be seat inter dicted Jom pulling lo sea, It ve+ this int-mation will be received by wrinos, The Raseian fleet at Sebastopol consists of ipbdout fourteen « f the line It is expected the nex! Coostantinople mail will Bring the sews of the entrance of the fleets into the Sea. Up to the 16th this had not taken place, A Faphio deepatch of the 15th, from Constantinople, ya It is affirmed that the Divan accep's the resumption of porartiations, The allied fiesta have no: yet entered the ae Sra. Violent tempests hed taken plice hty mercbant versels had been lost The price qf corm hes risen from twesty five to fi'ty piastra, Anember of veerels have been freighted. War has been ‘Officially declared by Persia. Toe ruptare betwees the ebah oni the British reproventative has been notified him to the consuls, The whole Russian flavt bas left ops, alter baving stayed there for two dayt for repairs. ‘The mos? important featu’e in the telegraph is the con Mion that the Bbah of Persia has formally declared to Turkey, at the instigation of Russia, There are tbat an army of 40,000 Persians are marching Afighasistan, The Indian mail from Bombay, reached town last night, speaks of warlike movs- fo that quarter. Rassis has evidently had all her laid beforehand; she is making great preparations cn the shores of the Baltic. Hoisingfers has been placed ope military footing A lerre man of-war float Lins close ‘te the fortron, and in the oorthern harbor are snchorei | the man of war Andreas and three large frigates. Exten- sive fortifications are going on at Cronstadt. Sebastopol, on the Black Sea, which runs the risk of « bombardment by the combined fleets, if war breaks out, is reported to be very strongly fortified, NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. We are without news from the seat of war, The ailied fleeta it was said had entered the Black Sea, al- though the public are yet unawars ov what day, or with what instructions they entered. This le:k of irforma- tion, which appears so remarkable to Americans, is far from being the result of accident. The governments of Europe keep the telegreph in their bands, and saffer noth- ing to pass over it but what suits their purpose, An authenticated announcement that the fleets had entered the Euxive with hostile intent, would have caused a eud- den depression in the funds, but the preparatory rumors that are suffered to fly about for some days, prepare the public mind for any announcement. ‘The rumors respectivg the prospests of peace are con- fused acd unfavorable. While some persons maintain that the Emperor of Russia has consented te send a plea- ipotentiary to the Congress “of Vienna, letters from St, Petersburg state positively that the Czir imsists that the religious question shall be arranged between himself and the Sultan without the intervention of the ether Powers, It is added that the Emperor has no objection to send a representative to the conference, but that he reserves to himself the right to treat direstly with the Porte on all that relates to the protectorate of the Greek subjects. On the 22d ult. the French government received official intelligence that the combined fleets had entered the Black Sea. It was accordingly probable that the Russian ambassador would demand, if he had not already demend- ed, an explanation with reference te the entry of the fleets, and whether it is meant as a hostile demonstration on the part of France against Russia. The answer is expected to be that the policy of the French gevernment has undergone no change; that peace is still the otjeot it desires, and thas no effort consistent with the national honor, and the integrity and honor of the Sultas, the ally of France, will be spared in its at taipment; and that the presence of tho tects is leas a oatile demcnatration than for the purpose of preventing Je recurrence of euch @ calamity as that which has re- cently taten p’ace. Itis stated, however, that on the re- eizvation of Lord Palmerston, the Emperor Napoleon caused a note, written in very plain terms, to be sent te the Jof Aberdeen, asking for a definite explanation whether England intended to stand by Turkey, or desert her in her hour of need. It comes by telegraph from Vienns, 22d and states that despatch had been received there from M. de Bruck, dated Constantinople 20th, and was immediately commu nizatod to the Ministers of Britain, France and Prussia, to the effect that the Porte will tend a plenipotentiary to the conference, provided the Russians evacuate the Principal- ilies, The ambassado-s of the three Powers had been instructed to urge on the Sultan not to insist on this con- dition, but to assure him that the integrity of the Turk- ish empire will be maintained, and that the Principslities tball be restored as soon as the dispute with Russia shall bave been rettled. ‘A Constantinople despatch, dated 16:b, mentions that the Vienna note reached Constantinople on the 15th, when Redschid Pacha had an interview with the foreign ministers. He promised to do his utmost for the further- ance cf peace at the Grand Divan, which was to meet on the 20th, but thought that the p taken by Persia and Ruesia would render aa arrangomen: very difionlt. Both the Turkish Minister in Persia and the Persian Minister at Constantizople bave quitted their posts, contrary to the advice cf the French acd Englich Ministers. ‘Tbe Turks ore preparing for an expedition against Se- bestipol : Confirming the above we have sccouats from Vienna, 24th, that the Persians and Russians have opened direct communication, snd that the Russian General Yermolof is to command the Persian forces By a iviees of the 224, vealso learn that the Persian Beglerbags have received orders to prepare quarters for the reception of troops. The overland Jodien mail brings confirmation that the Shek of Persia has left Teberan, with his army, number. ing 50 600 cavalry, with 1,000 pieces of cannon, and 3,600 camel loads of ammuntiion, to co-operate with Ruema: At lates} ecocunts the army bad passed Tabrez. Tae Shah bad also sent an envoy to Dost Mahommed to point out the advantsge: cf his riding with Persia and the Ruseians, According to the Kolner Zeitung, cntious developement: are crming to light, which {mé:cate that Russia has long been preparirg for the present crisis. A large expedition has been secretly orgaviziog under pretence of s eam- paign against the Khan of Khiva. Vor fifteen yearn past Russian sgeats have been busied in organizing the Mon. golian and Kirgesian hordes, supplying them with money and eras, aud teaching them to act in concert, From thi: sou.ce it ie anverted that Russia may obtain the aid of «£0,000 trregu’are, mos ly horremen, £0 that if war does tiesk eut in earnest between Russia and the Westara powers the war will rage along the entire line of Europe and Asia and the colonirs of Northwestern Aqerica. Cdeasa letters of ‘he 8th state prritively that the Ja soncib, ninety gun Russian ship, was lost at the battle of Sinope. The cflicial bulletins do not mention this loss. hia ship was bravely attacked by a Turkish frigate, aud toth verrels biew up. One of the Turkish admiral's sides do camp hat died of his wounds at Sebastapol. ‘Tre Admiral Ocmac Pacha bas himsel! had «limb am- patated, ard now fies ta 8 dangerous stats. Tne Tacks Lemrelves estimate the loss they sustained at Sinope, in bips, munitions and treasure, at twenty miilloas of pisaters. ‘The Cetailsd account of the masssore of Sinope, brought Eng/ieh frigate Retribution, confir as the previous ments which bad been mace as to the heroism of the a, tke urrel ntiog ferocity of the victors, ard the ventable extert of the disaster which has occurred. Ali Bey. the captain of the frigate Navick, foding a com- bat with a Russian line-of battle-ship hopeless threw a lighted match into his powder m:egszine, and blew up his own vessel ard that cf the enemy. The Tarkish Atmiral, inas frigate cf £6 guna, ocly yielded to @ three: Cecker OF 120, siter he had inflicted considerable camage cn bis opponest, and had himself lost » leg in the action, It in no discredit to the gallsnt servises of Eagland and Frapee tomy that {a no naval engaze nent resorded ia wederp times baa a hopeless resis ‘ance to orerwhelm- ing force been waintaicei with more despsrate resolu tiep. According to the letter of our Constantiaople oor- sospondent, published in cur thiri edition of yesterday, «ut of 4,400 Otteman ratios, only 1 630—and those most- ly weunced—survived the battle Many of the slaun were wantonly destroyed by ths Ravian guns after the sction ba! virtually ceaced, and when a> flag was left fyirg for the remnant of the Turkieh forces .o strike, even if they bad wished to surrender; but the greater number fell ia the celiberate discharge of their daty, vindicating to the laet the nodleness of their calumni ated race From the army in Asia there are no later reports. The details of past eveats do not bear out the victories cleimed by the Russians, Two levies of recruits were made in Poland on the nighta of November 24th and December 8th, at the ri of eight men io every one thousand of the inbabitan' and the luckless conscripts were forthwith sent off uoder ercort to Kiew, to be drafted into the fleet oa tho Black Sea and the army in the Caucasus, Part of the Rassian in Poland haa teen ordered to join the ar uy fa Wal From Buebarest, 16th ult, we learn that during the three days before, large ma: of troops had besa warehing npon Lesser Weliscbia, and that Prisee Gorts chakoff pat tekem the command; ani at Consta: # to attach Kalafet, ‘The Earopean residents of Smyrns have colleete! 300, ‘CC fiares to rend to the Frank volanteers in the Turkish srmy, The (ovsrocr of Smyrna and the French Coasul Genera] have siren orders to seize ali inosrdiary publica fons comi:g fom Greece On tre I1'h of Secamber the snuivereary of the birth of Mahomet wan celebrated with very great splandor at Constantinople, The peace party at Cons‘antinople are using it exertions to get Falil Pasha inte office, very generally reported in all the prircipalities armistice during th if months would he exreeden, Bat thia wculd ble Raveia to tate the freld in the spricg with not mach short of 180 000 men. It appeass that the Moldavo- Wallachian militia, recent- ly incorporated with the Russian fore anzot he trasted in the field sgainet the Turks. They are therefore to be employed to Co garrison Ce ty in the prineipslities. The subjcined ie a translation of the offisial nete trans mitted op December 5:b to Lerd Strat‘ord and Gen. Bara goay d’Hilvers:— oir ut Renit-evver Deo. 4, 1853 It was announoed to the ambareni: re sowe finos by fu offcial neve, that Fuseian rhipsof war hi been coca erpising in the vicinity of Sinope, The stesmship Tiif hae juatarrived trem that locality, ani the captsia rerorts that on Wodnonday last, 29th fephir, ( te sian Sdeekers, two 2-deek-re. , Cons.eting of six frigates and tur Although the resuly of the sction i: not eripg tho tituation of cur siips and sbo su enemy. it is premmed that a creat diras-er Las ensued The Rrglish end Fre-ch flonts have bean sent to the Bos phorus wit the Ottem: it known, 00 2814+ jor force of the ef protecting the shores of proves suff the sineere iztew' °. Ti He Fe nt vecurtsac 0 © d.torm: n.cenet of hit Moct, thore points be best éir oaeib | ty, however, of dofensingso Yast an: xten$of coset wi hout s euiiisient foros in the Black Fen, is ti fliciently obvious; ané, althongb the Sultan's gov. ernment hes the intention of ¢ing hither the flees, is will be Inadequate to the ol je 5 er the necos Hence wo tullime Pert seffective golicitude of thy two lis rotifostion is made accordingly, me, to the ambassadors of Rugland and BSOHID. Rossia bes appointed M. Ce perial Com- payee io atch har si ta gobi SDewer to the Servien complaint respeciing the gerous proximity x Prinee Milorch to the Sorvian front ‘ 4 ex Hoapodors of Moldavia aud Wallachia are to item prraten from Russia of 1000 dueate, (over #2,000,) n month and the Czar undertakes to pay off Prince Bhi bale debts, amonnting tn BY OM Anaate Gen. Ludo bas drawn baca tbe garrisoms of Lowael and nd, at the samo France. sent in their room a part of Osten Sschen’s force. The Roasian out pickets are at Radovan, and the Tarkish at Chorodu The Turks are reported to have removad a great part of their heavy artillery from Kalafst to Widen. Ieret Pacha, the veteran Governor of Belgrade, died on the 12th ult Londm News, of December 28, best authority for stating that the Rassian High Admiral having recenily inspected the Czar’s Baltic fleet, ona halt of the ships were at once condemned as worthless, and it rmined to buil 1, on contract, a numwherof screw line of battle ehips—one account rays no leas then thirty! We may possibly find some of thess contracts takea in the Clyde, or the Thames, and may safely calculate upon a por- tion of the vessels being built by the Americans. But it will t at least two years to gst #o large a fleet fit for rea even if the cath ia forthcoming. The Buekarest Gazette, of the 12th ult., contains the following documents:— LETTER ADDRESSED BY GENERAL BUDBERG TO THE COUNCIL OF ADMINIST! His Excellenoy the Aid: ‘amp General Prin cbakoff, dy inform: Council of Admis ‘the Emperer had tion of y and Plenipoteutiary, with the powers ne for the administration of the two principaliti perior direction of th oral ief of the impe- tial troe Aft it the the honor to an- t ite Vico President, Counoillor Chalchinsky, mediately commences his functions, snd Airect the labors of the Counell acocrding to my instructions. Aid-do-Comp-Genoral of his Msjosty the Emperor. IMPERIAL RESCRIPT ADDRESSED TO GENERAL BUD BERG, Ottoman Porte having doclared war against Russia, two oped sccording t jertssheko, thought pre} fo resign their functions and to quit the Principalities Yull of solioitvde for thore Priacipalities, we have consi dered it nooeasary, as under £ similar circumstances, yn eboser Extesordinary and follow she instrai to 5 ino apprisis| ry ake fully convin structions, and sodulo itanve pl ‘wants of our 4 Covnoil actively adi country, w! Pr oil cos, and respond to our expectations by displaying equal so- tivity in all ranches of the minissrat ‘our ee Herel ra SS = Avy) Rietey pagal be dene one: acco! our wisnes yr the et omoLas. ATTITUDE OF AUSTRIA. IMPORTANT OHANGE IN THE POLICY @F THH COURT In general the est. Correspondenz, which appears in the evening, contains a collection of semi official notic: which ere principally imtended for the use of the offici organs published in the’ provincial capitals, The last number, says & Vienna letter of the ult., however, contained but one article, which evicently processed direct from the Foreign office. The German of the origi- pal is 0 bad, and the sentences s0 intolerably complica ted, that a literal translation cannot be given; but the {cllow!ng is the exact sensa of the article:— “On the second day after the signature—on the Sth of December—of the protocol and collective note of the Vi- enns conference, we openly spoke of its impcrtance. Tae text of th vementioned documents has been made public elsewhere, and itis confirmed that the whole of Europe is exdeavoring to effect, by pacific measures alone, the restoration cf peace between Russia aud the Porte, without violation of, or prejudice to, any rights for- merly ecquirsd. Nothing i» less caloalated to excite surprise than that the most contradictory interpretations should bave been given by the periodical press, according to the naticral views or political bias of each separate pa- per, tothe act of the 6tn of December. ° It is not tor us © put right, to clear up, or to confirm these opinicns, sna it would be Sisyphus work to attemptit. Oar dust reps isto place fects in their true light: and in the le portant documents signed cn the 6th of Desembar, we discern with sati-faction the common will of the Powers to aim at the maintenance of peace, as alvo tho recogoitioa of the necessity for maintaining the Torkish empire in a ttate which has obtained the sanction of tims Whan itis couri¢ered that the observarce of the ancient treaties be tween Ras and the Sublime Porte—pacticularly those of Kaisardji smd Adriarople—is made the fan- Gamenal condition: of the future treaty of peace, and that the Porte has acknowledged the obligations arisirg frem them, every dispassionate — judge of the state of} affaire must share oar opinion that a par- cular fatality m uet be" attached to this quaction if the ‘our Powers—whore bona oficia bave already arranged the fancamental con¢itione—cancot by their moral infl ence sneceed in bringing the matter to @ entisfactory and for- wal conclusion. As his Majesty the Empercr of Rus- sia had expressed himself ready to enter into nego- tiations for peace, the note has been first addremed to the Sublime Porte. If in the face of a ctate of things «hich is rot enly notorious, bat, #0 to ay, * proto: colled’? by the whole of Earope, the foreign papars pro- fee to hoow sonething about ths iofliance of secret motiven, and even goso far as to speak of a less friendly or of a menacing po.iticn assumed by Auitria towards Rusia, os © ficient to refer to positws facta to show that the Imperia! Hig al Gavernment by agai amicably and sincerely wniting wish the two great Powers, tn order ly ac mmom maliation t restore the disturted peace of the East has not inthe least re nounced her friendly sentiments towards her allied neighbor, and will not have to renounce them in future On the con ‘lary, We eee in the iotimate frientabip netween the two «reat monarchs the surest guarentee for the p-ace of the world, ard for the oxnserva ive int-reats of Rurope,”” Whether it {# the object of the Im;eris] Government t> remeve ary suspicion which may have ariaen ia the mind of ibe Emj;eror Nicholas that it is wavering or whothe> the fo egoing ia s declarsticn to the Western Powers that Austriahas enraged herself to nothing, itis out of my power to say. ATIITUDE OF PRUSSIA. * The Ber‘in correrpondeot of the I.on lon Pimer, wri ing on the 23¢ vit., raye:—The Preuseische Correspomdens of to- cay, semi cflicislly corroborates the information ws re- ceived by telegraph from London last Monday, of the com- bined fleets having entered the Biack Sea for the protec tion of the Tursieh coaste, and adda, that it hed beee previcusly intimated by the Englisa to the Rassian Cadi- net{that any attack on a Turkish barbor would entail the sppearance of the fleets in these waters. This circum. stance, snd the now arcrrtained fa the rquadron at Sinope was not and had not been engaged in any opera- tices against the Rustisn territory, (and which it is evidi pt waa known to the Russian admiral), the ure of the Turkixh trading saip previous to the ex yiation of the published term, t! resent skir- tatshes in the reightornood of Kalsfat, o:, still wsore corclusively, the attempt made ca the 13th instant on the little fort of Ba’ bank of the Danube, opporite Brai: arrangement with Persia, show convincingly that he Rursian protertations ‘of restricting her oper: tore to defensive measnces were delasive, and that it in intended to brave an¢ defy the combiced Po vers. The feeling here is that the last newa from Persia would com- gel cur Alinistry to take active measures. to which they would Lethe more impelledby the near approach of the meeting of Parliament and the necessity of disorminy in advan the rape ted atiack of their late colleague, Others, however, yrofess to see in the entry of the two flesta into the Biack ‘ee, only the inte: vention of two heraida in the lists for he purpose of heapiog the combatants arsunder, while tie umpires settle the point in dispu'e by som: lesa war- like ordeal than that of arms. Stockbolm is in a great ta of excitement to day, (Dec. 11,) caused by the arrival of a Rassisn coarler, with s note commanéing Sweden to close her ports to Englirh ard French verseis and sadjects. I can scarcaly believe that itis true, bat that a note of importance has arrived ia quite true, and Russia ts deternined, sither by threat or flattery, to get Sweden on her side and the Swedes are in great excitement about it, The royal family is greatly in favor of Russia, but the cation, to a man, is against her. vecret hero that Russia i# making erormot vona for war, although everything is kept ss porsible. She has already one or two screw 1 tls thips, and is pow converting others as fast as possible, Since Rustia had Finland, sbe has sailors equal t» any un the world, with the sole exception of the Anglo Saxon race, fo that next summer the general opipion here is that Rastis, to eay the least of it, will astonish England end Frence, ane put thoss Powers to a greater test thaa <hey bave yet had. The Raesian emissaries are most ac ive allover the world, Ste has already beaten Englaad a the Court of Persia, and Dost Mahomed is oa her rids. WAR INEVITABLE ALL OVER EUROPE AND ASIA, Decembor 28 } ect to learn Prepos! transn itted from Vierpa onthe 7thiost. It is already kni tost these con munications had deen received at Constantino la om the 16sb, that Redschid Praha had been indaced he representatives of the Four Powers to give them to be taken into conrid 3 Indeed, accord 1g w one telegraphic communteation received through Varte, but af yet unconfirmed. it ia stated that the t Council had on the 18th inst, authorized the Tushish ministers to 0; tions. The ques uons put to the Porte by the Collective Note, sre, in fact, two:--Whether the Sultan will consent to treat for peace at a conference to be held with the four Powers and Ruania; apd what are the terms of peace re quired ty Turkey, in the it of the opening of such a negotiation? It is probable that the Turkish micisters will insist om the evacuation of the Principalities aa preliminary to negotiation; but as that is a condition pre. recent which evidently could no! be enforced, it {1 hoped rte will content itself with a form oe bat the restoration of those provinces form: in the eyes of al the Powers an indispensable condition of peace In ovher reepects Turkey will name her terms of peace, aub- Jrot of courte, to future discussion, but we hope the Verte will not overlook ths importanre of pledging all ‘ontral end Western Earoze to her territorial security, by adopting ‘he epirit of the conference to which ahs is vvited, for though the Porte may bare lit ls confidence p the success of euch megotiations, ahe loss nothing in igpity, and rather strengthens her cause in the eyes of Lore pe ty allowing them to proceed But we do not conces! from ourselves that the real olsta- cles to any berefictal result from these voma Tie with ia, asd are mot likely to be remor ‘The protocol of Four Powers records and assumes as an indisputable fact that Russia has repeated expreaved her reaciuess to treat, and tbat the arstrancra of the cout of St. Pat berg are, io this respect, to be believed; but we bare 00 reeron to up thet these arsuracces are worth more ban the Cevlorations, Rutels an 60 peatedly brok ord, if the lerguage of thy Rossian fe papers b> ©: fully examiced, it wil be foand ttat she has constactiy evaced the recognition of apy European rights in this gnretion, or ths authority of apy conference at all. Her policy haa uniformly been to tie. the Porte cown by separate conven'ions to concessions giving her en exelusive right of i: terference: and, thongh she bas failed in preventing the Four Powers from uniting in porto’ the pine'piag on whith peace might be ra stored, we have ceased to believe that mere repressata. | imevivo—te iniiuoi puomiow ia Loe miouaistration, kx- which he bad sent towards the Crimea, and hed | tions will suffice to carry those principles into effect. Moreover; the pr. of the war, the vast extent of hostilities or hortile preparations now in active progress. and the pacsions, religious and national, excited by the eontest, effectually exclude the idea of an armistice, and have rendered negotiation far leas practicable than it has been at any moment. If the Emperor of Russia had de sired peace be has hadample facilities to insure i every day briugs us fresh evidesca that he has himself of these pretexts chiefly to kesp in check uis most formidable opponents, te carry on h's own plans of operation, and to bring the whole question in the spring @ a more positive issue. The Austrian government, already beginning to flad that the hopes of pacification have come too isle, aud that the time for more energetic measures is at hand, has published in the official eor:espondence which is prep red at Vienpa under the eyes of the Mioister, a mean sod drivelling article, dictate’, to all appearance, by the Rus- wisn embassy. After stating that the four Powers sre on Ceavoring to effect by pacific measures and moral influ ence the restoration o! oe, the Austrian ¢abinst ox pressly denies that ‘it has assumed a lesa friendly or menacing attitude tosards Russia,” and déclares that she has notin the least renouncsd her friendly senti- ments (towards her allied meighbor, and a nave to renounce them in future’? The article adds, that the ‘‘intimate” frieadship between there two great monarobs is the surest guarantee for the of the world and for the conservative interests of furope.”? The appearance of this declaration at Vienna at such ® moment, is, we fear, an evident proof that the independent portion of the Austrian Cabinet is unable to hold its ground, and that a degree of pressure has beea applied which the enfeebled empire cannot resist. The ink is soascely dry on the Pretocol of the 5th of Dacem- ber when the Cabinet of Vienna are ready to repudiate its spirit, and to defeat the inflaence if might have exercised om Russia. We have not to learn any’ of the faith- lessnens of that Court; all history is fall of it; but, if the conduct of Austria opposes hersel the general interests of Europe in this conjuvcture, and Seoeehy geneity ex- tends the disastrous effects of this ruptare, may rel: upon it that on her own dominiona the first and heaviest 1 bution will fall. In the North of Europe the influence of Russia is ex- erted with the same activity, for itis everywhero based on dynastic intrigues, Cee? tothe true interests and desires of the people. us in Sweden we learn from goed Te Somat an attempt has beer made by a man- date from St. Petersburg. to engage the Court in thls con. test, with a view to closing the Swedish ports, and Lester the Baltic itself, agsinst Eogliah and French veesels, The Swedes are @ gallant people, stoutly o)- posed to the influence of Russia, which has alrsa'y robbed them of Finland, and is even now preasing into its service, by land and sea, men whose forefathers served in the ranks of Gustavus Adolphus and Charles X{L To them and to the Danes the maintenance of neutrality and ind of vital interest; but, if that becomes im possib! existence as free men depends on the Foeeratee: feng? pont alliance with the maritime wer, 16 of Sweden recognised in hir b from the throne the importance of cetending the vase pendence of the coustry, and we trast that he will not betray it to Rursian counsels.” If these effects are already beginning to manifest them- selves in Europe, the same polley is pursued with equal activity in Asis, and there it is obviously directed against the interests of the British empire, Persia hee fallen under the yoke, and the troops which once fol- lowed the standard of the Sophis are now to be led by & Russian general against the Turt: and to display in provinces already wreste: from their own empire their zeal ia defence of the ‘ Or- thodox Greek faith.’’ In Affghanistan we hear of a renewal of the intrigues of 1838, with which we had to contend when first we encountered the hostility ef Rus sis im Central Asia, ani even the distant expedition to Khiva is reported to be rene wed. If we place there facta in the rcsie and weigh them egainst the Russian asqurances that the Emperor Nicho- jas is ready to treat for peacs, all such declarations will etand for ver, little, and we must look to other modes of erriving at the termiaation of this dispute. The course to be pursued by the Maritime Powers is now clear and straightforward, and instructions are on their way to Con- ttantinople which wili cause the decided meazures now agreed upon to be carried into immediate effect. [from the Locdon Chronicle, Dec. 28. In the mesntime, diplomacy has not yet despaired. As it ls stated by the official organ of the Austrian govern ment that Russia had, in the first instance, consented to the proposal of the Four powers, the court of St Pete-s— burg probably expected that the course of negotiatior 4 would be conducted on the [ll omened precedeat of the Vienna Note, The Porte woul! certainly find no addition- al encouragement to entertain a prc jsct of pasidcation in the special mention of the treaties of Keinaré jt and Adri- ancple; but yet ths Turkish goreram with customary good sense assented to tho saggedtion tht @n ambassador should be rent to conference, provided that Ras- tis, im the first p’ace, evacu the Principatici Au the Four Powers will certainly be unable to obtain the Crar's compliance with tbia prelimiasry con ition, the arrapgement will probably Ispse, like many previous abortive efforts at reconciliation. 3i:ce the protoccl of December 5 was signed, the cisaster of Sinope tas become known in the West end st still later period the Persian Court bas been in¢uced to ceclste war against Turkey, if not agsinet Great Britain [t fa, in truth, notorious, that while diplowatiste were ironically reciting the peaceable professions of the Emperor Nichoiss, his efforts have been exclusively cevoted to the object of fina ly ve stroying the Power at whose expense he hypocritically undertakes not to seek aggrandisement. The movements recorded im our Istest news from India possibly bring the disturber of the more cirect a tleion wth Ei le that even independently of our own misunderstanding wih the Court of Teheren, our goverpmant can look on qvietly while Psrs'a openly joins with its formidable re‘ghbor ia an ck ou our Oe The Raseian expo citien to Khiva bas alresdy excited grave suspicions acd it cannot be tolerated that a vaaalef the fm peror should cccupy @ territory which {s only separa ted from our frontier by the breadth of Afighanistan It eppeare that 2 envoys, doubtless aided by Rnieian collesgues, bave already attemp'ed to unite Le Beloochette chiefa in the general league agaizet Eng 4, Itis amelancholy fect that, th ough the iasane policy of fifteen yearsago, Oost Mahommed has probably been alinated from the British connection. but still it way not be tor late to secure, by a judicious policy, the aiiacee of theruler of Cawl The Affzhaos, like our wn Musenlwan subjects io India, belong to the 3annee ‘orm of their religion, recognise the Sultan of Turkey as the highest representative of the faith, and bear little love to their heretical peighbora of Persia. It would be a strapge triumph «f frandalent dition if the Mahome tans of Central Asia were to tal part inthe crasaie which bas been proclaimed at St, Pe‘e:sburg agains’ their own religion. Whatever may be the result of Raysian intrigues at Cabul, it is impossible to believe that a second English army will ercss the Indian frontier to resect an injury which can at once be avenged on its real anthor at Cron- etact aod Sebastapol. If the occasion arrives, Eazland will not be wanting to ber ancient fame, There aro ctber warlike measures to be adopted, besides thone which the untiring organs of Russia recapitul: for the purposs of raising up difficulties and abrcad, The writers who affec' tosum up the in seizures of neutral vessels and confiscations of the property of English subjects, are the sams who edyoeated, for the same purpose, the establishment of a Greek empire, the coercion of Turkey ty the allied fleets, tre enforesc acceptance of the Visas note, and, at poict of the dispute the piecise concession which it was the interest of Raseia to obtain. It is the entinz vhois potting ferward the possible grievances of nea- tralé—to little purposs, however, for the war will ba de- cided, not by the #rizare of a few mezebant ships, but by armies end fleeta. In our Iatest ecivion of yestertay we published ths Im portaat fact that ordera leave Marseilles this day for the French admiral to confize the Rasalan flovt to Sebasto- fol Simi‘ar ixstructiocs have been issued to our own paral forces; and it only »emains to be seen whether Rus- ria will submit {o the vigerous measure which has been rendered necesrary by her own violent and faithless pro oreciogs. If Emperor Nicholas acquiesces in the temporary exclusion of his flseta from the Black Sea, no doubt will exist ag to bin devire for peace, and we mi in that care, look forward with some confidence to tl early termiration of hostilities. If, on tho contrary, the on of the firets should be followed by a declaration of war, nothing will remain bat to render the conflict as ehort and as decisive as possible, THE VERY LATEST. ris correspondent states that the ln is to the effect thet the Emperor & non-official communication to the courts of Berlin and Vienna, stated bis determination not to agree toany proponels for peaceful n-gotistions, unless consice- rable concessions were made to Russia. Tae Consttlutionnel contracicta the Jate rumor of dis- sensions betweew Great Britain and France, which, i: vas sveerted, had paral; zed the actien of the fleets in the Lespherus. Lettera from St. Petersburg of the 13th state that the Court Gazelle publishes = vidlent attack vpon the French government for sliowing » play called ‘The Cossscks”’ to be performed in ¢ Pruth has ret two Turkish vil The Russian stea lagen on fire by throwing red bot balls into them. Nego'lations co the peace project have commenced, vase a Cot otinople iter of the 19th ult. The Porte maui este © pacific disperition. The combined fleets ars till at Beyoor. The Kiog of Sweden has invited the Diet to nominate s mall number of ita members possessing its entire cond ce, to whem as & secret committee the goverzsmen way mske $n important communication. It is oelisved that the goverpme ot wishes to br.og soma momentous pre oe sets with foreign aifais to the know.edge of ‘Ube Diet. Negotiations are pending between Swedes ani Den mark, having for their objsot the conslusion of a league cMfensive and defensive between the two States. MARKETA. Pars, Weiresay.—Tarces oloved at 74f.; Four and a Helf per Cents, 10if. : Opmsa, 16th.Grain sgain more active. Freights stency, at former high prices, PersrsnvrG,—Lateat acoounts report the exchange a! 94%d. & 39 1-16. The omly sign of anticlpations of war noticeable ia the state of trade, was arise ia the prices of rome unposted arti sles. IMPORTANT FROM ENGLAND. Tho Return of Lord Palmerston to Office— Anticipated Declaration of War Against Russi (From the London Times, Deo. 26 ] It became our daty, in consequence of intolligense which bad reached us, to #'ate on Fridey, the 16th of December, that Viscount Palmerston had tendered his rer'gnation of the office of Secretary of State for the Home Departmet, and had, therefore, ceased to form a pact of ber Maj government, if bis re: ation was accept. «é by the crown. That annon: ‘was strictly aceu- rate, #6 ateordirgly Viscount Palmerston bas not at- texced the meetings of the Cabinet which have been held tinee he expreseed his intention to resign. It how- cver, well knows that the important offlee of Home Chins merater of the govetmmt and we have tow the otber memer of e ; we have now satisfaction to learn that the Lord Palmerston her not been definitively accepted, but is wi'hdrawn, aod that the Seeretary of State for the Home Depertromet will ratein—we oan bartiy ray Planations, honorable alike to all the ion Concerned ia thin traneaction, have been exchan, a eat, athe diff culties which had arisen between Palmerston sod Lis colleagues were limited as wa bave already st 2 a former Occasion, to the question of Parlismrutsry re- form. 6 dealt with by Lor’ Joho Ruesell it has been fourd possible, wilout sny sscntise of prineisls, to place the government again on « united, and we hove » permanent basis. To be eandid, there had oeen too mach precipitation on ali rides in this matter Lord Palmora ton expressed his intention to resign, as if some vital principle of the copstitution were in dispute; and the provisiocs of the naw Reform bill were irrevocably set ed neither of which suppositioaa was trus. Tats oitfar- ence of opinicn was thought to be more serious and more fatal to the union of the cabinet than it has since proved to be, by those member of the goverameut who alone were in foll possession of the case. Bat no cabinet counsils were sitting at the time, and the step appears to have been takeo without a distiact communication ons question of such extrema impor- tance to ail the Mintstere of the Crown, several of wuon were pot in London Upon a faller ocnsideratioa of the whole rubject, and an explanation of *t! on litten in which the projected measure of reform stands it was found that no imperious dictates of conscience and of duty, by which alone such 1 did, in this inatemce. require so zealous mediation of the Duke of Newcastle, the sa; cious and patriotic a’ vice of the Marquis of Lansdowne, and, we must ad4,the excellent temper and publis aptrit shown by the Ministers most nearly engaged in this dis cussion, have led to this satisfactory result; and it would have been utterly unworthy of the high position and motives of these statesmen if they had hesitated for s moment to retrace a sep taken under some misooncep: tion of the cause to which alone it was attributable In proportion to the regret which we expressed when the retirement of Lord Palmerston f:om the minis try seemed to be inevitable, we now rejoice to find that he has risen above a step so injurious to his own reputa- tion and to thecountry. If apy proof were needed of ita mischievous consequences, it might be found to satiety in the gross and absurd misre; ntations on this subject, which were greedily adopted both at home and abroad, in reference to the plein truth as we ourselves had related it, amd in the frantic exal ‘ation of the most depraved or- gens of faction, who fancied they saw in this change an event favorable to their passions or to their interests. We hardly know q@hich we are to deroribe an most ridiculous an4 eontemptible—the ultra-liberal party, wboaffected to bail with rapture Lord Palmerston’s secession from the Ministry, on the avowei ground that he is decidedly op- pored to their own extreme doctrines of Parliamentary reform, or the rump of the tory party, who, in their at ter destitution of men of character and ability, eager to declare their allegiance to a statesman who bi figured for upwards of twenty years among their obiat opponents. Applause from such lips, support from such hands, tells its own tale; and it waa alike degrading for Lord Palmerston to descend from the position ke deserv edly fills among Englishmen and in Europe, in orcer to head the turbulence of one faction or to gratify the ran- cour ofanother. But we resdily belleve—and for :he honor of this coun- try end of its sta'eswen we ssert—that throughout ‘this transaction both Lord “almerston and the colleaguse with whom he is again upited have been actuated by higher motives of public duty. So far is it from the trath that Lori Palmerston resigned on the foreiga policy of the cabinet, that we cannot doubt the position of our foreign relations at this moment is the cause of all others which chains bim to the helm. He is a great master of Aiplomatic subjects; he brings to them an extraordinary amount of political experience, combined with great fer- tility of resources and patural energy. Hs contributes to the rervice of the crown not only the advice he my tender in the cabinet, but his eloquence and popularity in Parlia- ment, and the confidence be has obtained from the nation. We may my of him, as Sir Robert Peel observed ia a me morable debate, with the courtesy due to a great a: nist. that we are proad of him, evengwhile we oppoa pol'cy. But are these forces, are these powers, are these evergies to be turned against the services of her Majssty’s overnment when they are most neeied and most useful ? Sens empure, at the moment when it is about to stake its honor and it: power on the hazards of war, and reluctantly to toke up arms, for the firet time these forty years, against one of the greatest States in Europe, to exhibit to mankind the weak and pitiable spectacle of a commonwealth divided and weaken ed at xls very heart? We hope not, for unquestion- ably these who sre so eager to paralyze and cverthrow the administration sre virtually the slies ot that foreign enemy, against whom thay jnunch their inveotives, and in order to condus: the affairs of the country abrcad ‘with firmness snd prudenos, the first concition of rucoess is strength and union at home. Ta comparison with such considerations as these, which aust be obvious to every person eieoatate vetiection and ordinary patriotism, the undefined provisions of this o that measure of Jegislative reform for the next ression of Parliament arsume @ secondary importance, and the path of duty lies for the prevent slong a higher ani more rugged track. Jf we ave about to enter on the stateof war, of ‘which this generation has never known the pressure, we mua prepare for the sacrifices tt imposes alike on high and low, It requires of acme their lives, of many their strength, of all larger contributions to the be ge of the State; but, ebove all, it requires the sacrifice of petty differercss, of personal motives, and of private interests, to the para- mouvt rights and ne-sities of the country, A year will have elapsed this day sinse Lord Aberdecn and bia col Jeagues received the seals of office from the Queen. The sation applanded the spirit which had brought torether men fo much opposed to one ancther in their former po- litical lives, anc united them at last for the welfare of the country. But, ifthat union was desirable then, it fa mecerssry now. It is cemented by past sustess and by the immedia rorpect of far more arduous cuties; and iversary of the fosxdstion of the government coul’ not be celebrated fa a more fitirg msnner than by this fresh proof that party ia- Digues apd evn temporary ¢ifferences bare not ois oly edt"; thatthe rpirit in which it wee foanded is nabrok-n, and that with unciminiched strength it is resolved and enabled to persevere, Lord Palmerstoa’s return to offi34 is not the triumph ef one sestionof the Cabinet over apother, nor has it bren purchased by couceesions or ar dangemerts which can produce any alteration tn the course of public polisy; but it ie the teiumph of uaion apd public rpiritj over a partial dissension, aa. it gives a fresh security for the duretion of a governme:t waich ix identified with the best interest of the oc uuiry. MISCELLANEOUS. FETCRN OF LOED PALMERSTON TO OF ?ICE-—THs UNITED STATES FRIGATE SARANAC—TESTIMONIAL TO AN AMERICAN CAPTAIN—SPMPATOY FOR THE TURKS. The eplit in the esbinet bas been fixed up and Lord Palmerston continues in his office. The Votted Staten frigate Saranac, Captain J.C. Long, nty five days from Norfolk, Va., aod six days from Fayal, errivec a: Gibraltar December 16, with Mr. Spence on beard. The Committes of the Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mariners’ Royal Benevolent Society have entered on their winutes a recolution complimentary to Captain Ludlow, of the American barx Monmouth, for hia heroie exertions tm rercuing 104 pertons, survivors of tre ship Msridian, wrecked en the Isle of Amsterdam. The Committee fur ther resolve to ure their irflaence in favor of the sab teription now making in London for # testimonial to Captain Luclow. A meeting is called at Southampton, to petition for sotive meacures agsinat Russia. The Reception of John Mitchel in New York. [From the London The Irish popolation of New Yerk, believe of that city, are in ecstas herc—two live heroes we ought persons of Mesars Mitchel and Mega! star, end the Common Connell bavi wards the cont of entertaining bm at Brooklyn. Oocu- pring, af be dows for the hour, the seat of the illustri Mi Mr Mitchel bas to work sather hard at bis vo wen, Deo. 27) + least a moisty we rd original abured the house of Hapsburg. There are some trifling differences between the two oaes, incee., the fSrst end greatest of which, in our opinion, is that brought eut by the roene be‘ore us. Here is @ popula'ion of some hundred thousane Irishmen comfortably settled just oppo- site Lreland, within ten deys’ steam of it, and under their much loved republican institutions, Thay have repesled ‘the union for gocd and for ever; and, if there is the little Gra sbeck that it ie not on their own paternal soil thera are pot wary Eoglishmen or Seutchmen who bave the good fortune to establish their families within sight, or even convenient distance, of their birthplace. These three or four hundred thourand Irishmen of New York are just as well off an the average population of this m tropolis, collected as it is trom all parts of this empi not to say of the whole world. What, then, have Irish. men to complain of, when they can grt to such a place, every cne of them, ia a few weeks, hold mass meetings, abu @ the English generally, and Qaeen Victoria in articular? Io fact, an Irishman fs quite as much at ome on the quays of New York ax on those ut Dublin, Limerick, or Liverpool; just as mush ar nine tenths cf ue are in the stress in Lemon. Not +0, however, the Hopgariaes. They bad no auch couve nient retreat, no new Atlan‘ie of their own a few days’ rail cf, BO moliions of sympathiziog compatriots extad }irhed on the further shore, no horpitabe Sea, no kin ily ships, notbing but their own morasses and moun'sins, with Austria om ore side, Rursis on another, and nottinz but te fight it out st home av well as thay could. On the contrary, at New York there is the simple fact of Mit shel end Meagher being quite ‘at home, ano abusing Foziah Comizion without fear or stint Indeed, ao thoroughly co they seem to have found their piace, that it strines cre s6%8n3 lose of time, morey, rouble, aud every- thing elee, that they did not go there straight, in of pursuing the very circuitous course aad roundabout methed they actuaily adopted. For £10 a pisos each of them might bave engaged « berth on board a gcod steamer, and found bimevif at the Astor Hotel ina fort pight at the latest, with ample room and verge enough to blacken Krgland and all Karops, if he plead’ Aa it they adopted the clamny expedient of a glass-bottle-and vitric] rebellion ip Ireland got tranny; to Van Diemen’s Lard, drove their parole, mneaked off to Califoroia, and came by the Isthmus to New York. Borides the dirty trancastion necessary ‘or the ercape from Van Diemen’s Land, there must have been some thirty or forty thous and miles of traveilieg and voyaging in very inaifferest compery, and + a considerable expente. not oaly to Ergiane, but also to their own friends, Now, ali thin # been spared by the nimple process of taking nd going quietly to New York atonce. Bui Iisbwen nsver can do anything ina simple, straightfor- ward mancer, like otber people. Oa a perusal of Mr. Mitchei’s fervid harangue to his ocmpstriots at New York, we should say that he was laboring st the time under a little diMoaity not unsom- mon 'o bis countrymen and to rhetorician® io general. He dees not term to know oo what leg to stant. At ox tire he dexcribes himself ea ‘the representative of [ieh vepublieaniem, m1 he renoances and denise, on behalf of bis county th thority of the pretented laws made by the British Parliament, which ha eallt ‘a gang ef copapirators, robbers, and murdeyers’—"® band af Fnotted tyrante, and enemien cf the humana race,” There fs no mistake about this, Tae # is, however, no country in the worl! io which ® men can with {m- nity attempt to eubvert the government, bring it contempt, ard intrduce ancther I¢ any fa patical sbolitionit in the Usited States were to go about trying to raise @ leeguo against the federal government on acount of the fagicive lave law, acd Were to describe Congress as ** and murderers.” “enemies of the human rect,” and ali that, we should think he would certainly be amenable to the law, een of ‘that Inod of liberty, At alleronts, if by language of this vort be ect toew hrr acangercas moh cf solored men ant without law he would be rather roughly handled—post- bly tarred and feathered. ibly walked olf to Liberta— posvibly banded over to Judge Lynch, and m for revolvers or & pendant to the first tree « ermsslves must see the £6 y that, #0 long a6 we presen 6 & go erpment st all, au¢ laws at al, we must stop all a'tempta to subvert ‘hem, without ' consrlting the comfort of the amiable ‘enthusiasts ro engaed. So Mr. Mitchell does not stand on thiy ing exclusively; no, he reeves it when he gets tired, sn chonges to the other, which is, that he was walced out of this country, not for the glesi-bottle-snd-vitriel affair, uot for * republicanism,” uot for any actual etiempt to subvert the existing government, constitution, an’ laws, butimerely, he says, for charging the British governmeat with misgoverntog Ireland, with ¢rawing an immense ovenue from it, with ovusicg the famine, and so forth. New, Mr. Mitebel kaows, and every well informe¢ Ameri can knows, that there is nothing 0 open to an Eagliah- man arto charge the goverament of his country with tv isgoveroment in geome matter or o:her. We do it every chy. Everybody does it It is dons in Parliament every bight of the session On this point there is, perhaps, ¢veo more license than in the United States But there is one thing which is not endnred, an¢ cannot be endured, either bere or in the United States, and that is, that « number of men should go about making speeches, form! glans, aevembling mobs, renrollieg loages perethetien 4 Cifferént modes cf offe ; exhibiting pattern pikes, model swords, extempore hand grenades made of gingeerbeer bottles, and ingenious arrangementa for the dispensation of vitriol, for the avowed purpose of ov m- throwing the existing goveroment and constitution, amd bringing im another upon its ruins, There is usually » aitcalty in disposing of patriots when the heyday of thetr little life ia over. Bets was civilly bor out of the United States, and, returning te on poe ‘was quietly let down into s cottage in a gem- teel street somewhere near the Bayswater road In Mr. Mitchel’s case we are happy to ssy that no such diffi exists. Somewhat to the dismay portion of his ad- mirers, he is about to start a newspaper, which the Naw York Herat Clete regards as sort of opposition toit- relf. Tyst journal rejoices in the jadicious aid, unpre tention atenance, and disinterested support of cer- tain Roman Catholic Primates, Bishops, aud Abbes; whereas Mr. Mitchell ie no Papiat at all, and bas nothing to say to the reverend gentlemen. The New Youn HeraLp does not see how two papers can mike it their business te abuse the British goveranent without coming inte injurious competition; st ll less, bow the thing cam be done ao well on Proten'ant principles a6 on Papist. So the New Youx;§Aexaip wishes Mr. Mitchel some- where else—say, back in Tasmania, or Dublin, or om pike Island, or om the ‘still vexed Bermoothes,”’— suywhere, in fact, except at New York. We cannot help ruspecting the HxrALp has good ground for its feara, ‘hat the cause will be injured—first, by division; econdly, by the introduction of Protestant principles. ndecd, Mr. Mitchel as good as confesees the peculiar sflinity of tne cause with Romanian when he “ bey 4 xs in Catholics « profound and exhsustiess fund of affection and hat.ed to the British government.’ We coubt whether Mr. M tchel can dispense with that fund, articularly as his competitors will now draw upom it with less stint than ever Everybody remembers that when some chemical gentlemen discovered that gia could be extracted from the fumes of « baker’s oven, and ous bakers erected ovens of a construction to sat precious epirit, forthwith half the bakers in Londem stuok up in their shop windows, ‘Bread with the gin in it.” Now, that will be the very difference between the Naw Yoni HERALD, with its controversial articles and ite right reverend ocntributors, and Mr. Mitchel’s new bi without the ‘‘gin,”—that is, without “the profo end exhavstless fund of <isaifection and hatred to the British governinent ’’ ized in the Roman Catholics of Ireland and the United States. india and Chin THE AMERICAN COMMISSIONER AND VICE CONSUL IN CHIN. Details of the news by the Overlani Indian end China Mail are to hand. Bombay dates are to November 28. The newa from India is of little interest to our readers. There is gearcity in the northern districts of the Meiras Previgency, owing to want of rain. Cholera in Bombay war Secret: Trade was not very brisk; money mar- ket quiet, Dates from Shanghae, China, are to the 2d of Novem- ber. There was no new feature to report in the war. Constant fighting was going on with little remit on either side. The imperialists numbered about 14,000, and the foreign vessels hitherto employed at Chin:kiang-fo had been brovght round to sasist them. The firet of junke was also coming, and cnless the insurgents receive rein- & ements it ig doubt(ul if they will be able to hold the sity. Ex Taoutae Samqua is short of funds, and he had some cifficulty with the British Consul in conseq 21 of senting himself with aimed followers cn the nea! ground, A cartespondent of tho London Times says :—“'The proceedings of the American Commirsioner and the Ame- rican View-Consul, as regards neutrality, are considered somewhat equivocal, and the tasurgent chief baa ad- Gresaed @ letter on the subject. ’ The payment of the duties during the capture of Shanghas, acd the present c lection of thea, are belng agitated by the foreign euthorities and the’ imper overnment, and were causing much excitement. The Britinn Consul has in'imated that no more duties will be paid by British traders till the city id again under Tartar twey. Oathe other band, Mr. Marshall insists on l~ ment in tilver against which the Amerfoan morc! rave vehemently protested. Of the progress of the insurrection in the North we hi no reliable aceou» sngpo was quiet. Amoy, November Sth, was expect- od to bs apeedily vetakem by the {mperialiat, A: Canton there was nctoing new, The remained quiet. Trade in imports war agcin Isnguid, wad tue late mproverent ia ysrns aad +birtings was not maintained. Exobange had feilea to 53 2d per dollar. The price of tea ~as maintained, and the finer qualities were noaroe. At Shanghae, shipments of tes were active; in imports iitle doing. ' Exchange on England, 6s. 64. It was generally understcod that Sir Georgs Bonbam’s resignation was ascepted. No successor appuit ted. Mr. Marchal! was at Mocao, awaiting the arrivalof his veeerror, At Whampos, U 8. ships of wa: Mecedonia, Missiasipps, Powhatan anc Supply; at Macao, storeship Southamp- ‘on: at Cumsing Moon, dala; and at Shanghae, Sara oge SMITH, KING & O'S. CIRCULAR. SuancHas, Nov, 1, 1858. We avail of the departure of the steamer Lady Mary Wocd to add a few remarks to the accompanying cires ler of the 2ist ult. The inactivity then reported existing jp our import market, still continues, and but « singe transection ia reported in eotton cloths, while wooll metals, &c., remain without any eoquiry, Teas continae to arrive without molestation from the inland officials; but as a large portion of the crop has been back im the tea districts, prices here are well maintained. Politically we have nothing encouraging to advise. From ell that we c: ro we fear the northera: army of insurgents do not intnl to move upon Peaia this winter, and any delay may jeopardise the sacoess of the movement. The city of Shangliae in still besiaged by an astemblage of imperialiste, who as yet have made Bo progress towards retaking it; and as they aot, from the low situaticn, mine toe walls, and are afraid to scale them, and cannot hit them with their artillery, the present state of half siegs will be covtinued eo long as the means of tLe rebels hold out. The duty question ts still anset- Ucd, and Hikely to cause trouble—the Chinese offisiale now Lere have only been recogrized by the United States Com missioner, and ships of that nation have been called upen to pay their Cuties in silver, wh le abips under other fiags are cleared under the provisioral regulations. The effee's of this will be to Grive American tonnage from the port, and it bas been formally protested France. MINISTERIAL NOMINATIONS—THR LYONS DISTORD ANCES—CUSTOMS DUTINS—TH® BOURBUN ESTATES, By imperial decree, M. Troplong ia nomiasted Presi leat of the Senate for 1854; M Mesnard first Vioe Proaicent of the Sevata, and Drouyn de Louys, Gen Baragaay d’Eib Hers, and Gep. St. Jean d’Avgely, Vice Prosidenta; M. BU Isult, President of the Corps Lagislati€ for 1864 Sebneider and Reveil, Vice Presidents; Gen. Vai and M Hébert, Questors. Tue religious rervice of the ‘Christmas midnight mass wan ovlebrated at the chapel of the Tafleries by command ofthe Emperor, he aad wife and court attending, The Bi: bop of Nancy was the officiatirg priest. ‘Tbe recent ‘ted disturbances at Lyons do not seem to bave been of any importance. Military precautions were, however, taken to prevent an outbreak. The city was guict at last socounts. A report was current that some sentries hadi been fred upon while at posts in Parir, on the night of the 234. Une mam certainly bad hia toe shot off, bat sabsequeat invenuigation proved that he did it himeelt, with a view te ding penrioned, humors sre current that some of the Emparor's spseial fiends will be raised to higher digaltios at Lhe sommenoe- ment of the n . Report says MM, Persignay. Mor- ny, and Troplong, will be made princes of the emyirs, amd Geroate, Adbetace!, and Fould be made dukes. Marsnad Fo are 4 bas been presented with the grand cross of the Je; The Momifeur publishes the receipts of customs to De- cember 1; they amounted to 128,166,300 franas, exesed- ing by 2,203,078f., thowe of last year, and by 21,125, 8412. thore of 1651. The resent reduction of the import auty on trop had mereased the import from 16,640 quistels ia November, 1862, to 79 $86 in November, 1365. Of thie ioupert Kogfacd eupplied 17,000 qainta’s and Belgium 6.000 The fine entate of Rainey, confiscated frrm the Prince ée Jcinvi Je, wan offered for sale at auction on the 22d ult, at ‘he Hotel de Ville, Versailles. Trore were no and i: was withdrawo, The Duke de la Rochefoncanid publishes a formal dectat that he would accept the offics of Senator, or any office under the present empire. Gen, I+flo, late questor of the Legislative Assembly, an¢ at present a refugee in Jersey, has recetved a peusion of 4, franca The greater portion of the nai des Debats in filled with Precident of the United States, In concluding, the Debate ajority ress oan got wish of the Pretident, this im; Tich relates wo foreign relatfons’ and, above alts Gay om bieb rel jons, and, Say on- ternal action, the President i8 epscially invested with n reat Authority. Thus, even if the Congress = ‘Tigh nothing lends te the Toon of, she, repens of sie, word which mi jends re *ould ‘have nothin reher'd 00 lee, as Mr. Pieces forth in the s: ovld pers: vere The large pace lysis of the meesage but hes cothing of the slightest tm. terest in the way of comment. Spain. AN AMERICAN SHIP ASHORE—GENERAL ORIRE— TIPLOMATIC CHANGES. A royal decree podlished im the Casdts of Deo. 18, gives the force of law to the Ministerial Budget, although it has nel been renetioned by the Cortes. A tremendous gale was experienced Deo 18th along the cf walt, According to the Fpeca, M Rermader de Castro t) ta exshenge he legatinn of Napten for that of Wasting +1 anolitioniats, we Lave mo doubt, that either with law of Geserai Mange, Uribe, on Fendent Of ue repent 06