The New York Herald Newspaper, December 21, 1853, Page 4

~ NEW YORK “2amES GORDOS BEXNETT, { HERALD. | i DPFIOE N. W. CORNEK OF FULTON AND NASSAU BTS. We learn from Washington that the President is “w astate of great uneasiness with regard to the ultimate fate of the daring filibusteros which re- | cently overthrew the government of Lower Califor. wia and declared that State a republie. Tk is feared that should they fal! into the hands of the Mexi- acs they will be executed with as much non | chalance as were the unfortunate Crittenden and his | associates of the Lopez expedition at Havana. | Such a proceeding would most assoredly set the | whole of California in a blaze, and probably embroil usin an immediste war with Mexico. The great desire of the President is te capture these new fili- | dusteros, and try and punish them according to our own laws. Py so dolog their lives would not only be epered, but we should also preserve inviolate our | treaty stipulations with a vation with which we | | are at peace. There appears to be a disposition on the part of the friends of the administration in the House to stave off as long as possible the resolution requiring the President to appoint the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. So much the better—for in the meaa- time those who may perchance be in doubt as to the sourse they should pursue will have an opportunity of learning the sentiments of their own immediate consti ments, as well as of the great majority of the people throughout the th and breadth of the land. We elsewhere publish extracts from differen journals concerning this grand administration flare- up, which, together with the matter fornished by one of cur special correspondents apon the subject, will be found very amusing and iastructive. Both houses of Congress appear to have been quite busily engaged yesterday, if we are to judge from the great variety of subjects that were up for eonsideration. Inthe Senate, General Shields gave notice of a joint rezolution authorizing the President t confer the rank of lieutenant general by brevet for mezitorious services. This marked compliment is of course intended for General Scott. It would | and the re ) ¢ receipts of fhe staple, as compoxed with those of ‘ast year at this date, amount to over half a million bales. ‘The Society of Universe! ' emocratic Republicans held a meeting at the ©». jvesans Institute last ever- ing, at which it was .pected Keezta would attend and recount the er»: sience he had of our foreign po- licy in Smyrna {ie did not go, however; but, judg- ing from the “atements made by him to members, jutions adopted by the meeting, it would appear ¢s af he feels rather aggrieved thar otherwise. Al! the credit of the affair is given by the propagan- f liberty to Captain Ingraham, and the Univer- to suspect that the Turkish Legation of the United States possessed instructions which could be read in a double sense, either for the people or their oppressors. A report of the proceedings is given. ‘The third lecture in the course for the benefit of the contingent charity fand of the Protestant Episco- pal Mutual Benefit Soziety was delivered last even- ing, by the Rev. Dr. Potter, Bishop of Pennsylvania, on ‘Science and Revelation.” The large chapel ot the University, in which the lectare was held, was sadists = | filled with a fashionable audience. Various accounts of fires, shipwrecks, &c., are given under the telegraphic head, to all which the attcution of the reader is directed for particulars. In addition to much other entertaining and im- portant informetion, to which we cannot afford space to miontely refer, our pages today contain a fall report of the Trial of the Ninth Ward Rioters, several Gecisions in the U.S. Cirevit Court, Late News from Central Americe, Coroners’ Inquests, &c. The steamship America is nearly due at Halifax with one week’s later news from Europe. Opening of the Great Contest between the Opposition and the Administration: The New York Herald the Leading Opposition wrgan. The contest between the national Union men of the country aud the free soil coalition spoils party of the administration is now fairly opened. The leading party papers of the day are accordingly ranging themselves with the one party or the other. Read the several articles published elsewhere in our columns this morn. ing from the Washington Union, the Richmond (Va) Enquirer, and the Richmond Examiner— leading democratic organs. The Enguirer certainly be a curious and pleasing incident for General Pierce to bestow this distinguished compli- ment upon his late rival for the highest office in the gift of his countrymen.” Among the numerous me- morials presented, several of which were from New York, was one from the army ojficers on the frontiers, praying for an increase of pay. It was stated, in support of this petition, that colonela and captains do not receive as much compensation as mechanics and day laborers in Cal- Wornia, although their expenses are necessarily far greater. A fesolution calling upon the President for correspondence with the government of the Sand. wich Islands was agresd to. ‘his may possibly bring to light some sirange developements concera- ing the rumored propositions of those islands for an- nexation to this country. The Senate is not ready to enter into a discussion with regard to a railroad to the Pacific, as will be seen from the vote postpon- ing Mr. Chase's resolution. Mr. Bayard gave notice of a bill to provide for the public printing, &c. There is only one way of remedying the evil under which | fhe public have so long labored with regerd to this subject, and that is by the establishment of a national printing office. All practical men are united ia this opinion. If Mr. Buyard has hit upon this plan it is sineerely hoped that it will be adopted. The House commenced business by ordering the door-keeper to prepare a list of all persons who ave entitled to the privilege of the floor. This is, per- haps, intended asa bint to the lobbyites to keep at @ proper distance; it is to be hoped that such is the intention, at ell events. In accordance with our previous anxouucement, the Chairman of the Naval Committee reported a bill granting an appropriation of three millions of dollars for the coustruction of six first class steam propellor frigates. The report of the board of officers appointed to investigate the eanse of the failure of certain steam frigates was also presented. These matters will doubtless soon come up for discussion in Committee of the Whole, and then we shall be able to ascertain what are the opinions cf members concerning our presen! uaval system, which is really a disgrace to a | great commercial country. The resolution author- izing the Secretary of the Interior to negotiate for | ‘he purchate of Mount Vernon was defeated by three majority. le, however, that Congress | may yet a committee to confer with the owner of the property sud ascertain upon what terms it can be proeured. Mr. Tweed introduced a bill for the establishment of a Branch Mint in this city. Under the present distracted condition of political parties in this State it is questioneble whether any. thing will be done with this matter at the prevent time however much it wonld tend to benefit the re- tarning Cali ‘orvien, Australi jap and other miners, as well as the generality of commercial mer ané traders in all sections of the Union. The vote on the bill | proposing to grant credit to the importers of railroad iron, &c., indicates that the friends of the irou in- teresta of Pennsylvania and New Jersey are rather in the minority. The resolution tendering thanks to Capt. Ingra- bam, his officers and crew, for their gallant conduct in the Koszta affair, at Smyrna, was eppropriately referred, after brief debate, in which Hon. Mike Walsh figured. Gerrit Smith also made a regular set speech upon the same subject in Committee of the Whole, in the course of which he compared the government of Austria with that of the United States, and declared the latter to be infinitely the | worst of the two. He recapitulated the points of | nearly every argument of the abolitionists in jastifi cation of their cause; found fault with Capt. Ingra- nam and Secretary Marcy for not having gone far enongh, the former at Smyrna and the latter in his reply to Chevalier Huleemann; and wound up with the facetious remark, that he was ‘‘ glad the admin- istration had identified itself with abolitionism.” ‘The calm but forcible answer of Mr. Preston, of Kentucky, to this general tirade of abuse upon our countrymen and their institutions, will be read with €Tatification by every trae pacriot. Senator Gwin, determined that Cul. Beaton shall not have the whole field of newspaper argument to himself avout the various routes to the Pacific, has published a letter, four columns long, in a Washing- ton paper, in answer to the oue which Col. Benton wrote some days since. Considerable portions of isties are occupied with opinions touchiog the honesty of Walker, the Utah Indian chief, the Senator contending that he is a cattle stealer and horse thief, and the Colouel vouching for his truth- fulness, fidelity and humanity. Senator Gwin evi- dently favors the Southern route, but says he will go for the Northern pass if that shall be found the most practicable. Stolen property, to the value of ten thousand dol- lare, has been discovered by the police of Boston. It consisted chiefly of clothing and fancy goods. No doubt a large portion of it was taken from this city: Despatches from various parts of the country re- present the weather as having been intensely cold within the Inst two days. Navigation has about chosed on the canals and some of the lakes. The steamers running between here and Albany report that they have encountered serious obstructions in tbe shape ot ice, and that it is improbable the river will remain open much longer, should the present cold continue. We eleewhere give some farther and very in- teres ting general and commercial intelligence from Cuba. A telegraphic” despatch iaforms us that Judge Olsyton bas resigned the Havana Consulship and seturned to Mobile. Seven or eight thousand bales of cotton are re ported to have been burned recently at Shreveport, La. Cotton was quite briak in the New Orleans war bet yeolerday and the Gay before. The deficit in is terribly frightened at the revolitionary plot isclosed in the vote for printer to the Senate, end cries treason. The Union betrays the m,and throws the whole burden of the conspiracy against the Cabinet upon the New York Heratp, which it denounces as ‘the leading organ of the opposition, whose object is to break down the administration.” Thé Ex- aminer, on the other ha unshackled by the spoils, pourtrays, with the honest candor of an independent mind, the utter impossibility of anything but continuons disasters to the admin- istration with the present Cabinet, and desper- ately pleads for a change as the only hope of salvation to Gen. Pierce. There is good ground for the alarm of the Union and the Enquirer--there is practical wisdom in the despairing appea! of the Exami- ver; but while the future promises no relief to the ministerial organs, there is every reason to believe that the formation of a great and over- whelming party against the administration can- not now be arrested by any change which may be made in the Cabinet. The proposition comes now too late—the rupture in,the democratic party is too wide and deep to be healed upon any such armistice. The Rubieon is crossed, and the rebellious national democrats have € alrgady commenced act! operations for the snecession of 1850. Their programme contem- plates nothing less than a total dissolutioa of the spoils factions, as now recognized by the Cabinet, and their entire reconstruction upon those broad and 1 general principles which the administration has repudiated and aban- doned. Already, in the outset of this new contest, we have some democratic developements of oppo- sition to the administration whtch in their bolduess are unlike anythiug that has happened for many years. The only parallel case, for example, to the late election of the Senate printer. is in the similar election of 1827. To thiscase we have heretofore adverted, but it was only an incident in a whole chain of events constituting a Presidential crisis similar to that in which General Pierce now finds himeelf. With the administration of Mr. Mouroe the 1d Congressional caucus system of Presiden- nominations fell tothe ground. The con- test which followed was simply a scrub race for the spoils, there being no regularly organized parties in the fleld. There were “no federaliste, no republica and whigs and democrats were + unknown. General Jackson, Mr. Cal- n, Mr. Crawford, Mr. Adams and Mr. Clay, were each and all brought forward as indepen- dent candidates in this seruy campaign of °24. ‘Mr. Calhoun, however, withdrew from the ma ticket, and was run in for the Vice Presidency; and of the four other Presidential aspirants the three highest--Jackson, Adams and Crawfyrd— were carried wp to the House of Representative where, by a junction with the friends of Mi Clay, the election of Mr. Adains was secom- plished. Up to this point all parties were adrift and ‘at sea; but no sooner was the great statesman Mr. Clay appointed Secretary of State by Pre- sident Adams—-an act scarcely more perilous than Gen. Pierce’s appointment of the spoils- man Marcy--no sooner was this done than the cry of “ in and sale” was ra among partisans of Jackson, .Crawford, and Calhoun, and the opposition to the ad-. ministration was foreshadowed from that day Nothing definite was developed—no positive blow was struck for two whole years, till the election of Gen. Duff Green az printer to the Senate, in 1827. That affair, howe could admit of no misconstruction. It developed a deliberate combination of the partizans of Jack son, Calhoun and Crawford, the import of which was as plain as daylight. old National Intelligencer then was seized with o similar alarm to that of the Union and Enquirer now, and raved and fretted in pitiful expostulations and impotent warnings to the extent of ten or twelve columns in several Jeremiads. Still the war went on: Stevenson, of Virginia, was elected Speaker of the House, the opposition gathered strength and consistency from day to day. till it was concentrated upon Gen. Jack- son in 1828, and resulted in his triumphant election. From such materials and such causes was formed the modern democratic party, now being dissolved and reconstructed by a movement strikingly analogous in iis ge- neral features to that which broke down the dministration of John Quincy Adams. It was charged then that the administration was a cor- rupt concern—a thing of bargain and sale—and that its only element of cohesion was the spoils. But compared with the present free oil coali- tion Cabinet—this epoils administration—that of Adame was pnrity iteelf; for the present spoils jobbing coalition at Washington is rotten ,0 the core, and the only prineiple held in gom- 1 he mon by its discordant members, is an open agreement to the compromire measures and the salt and substance of the Baltimore platform. ‘There is th's difference be:ween the political revolution which followed the election of 1824 and that now resulting from the Cabinet spoils coalition of 1853—1he latter has been more rapid in its developements (han the former, which is doubtless due to the fearless disclosures and ex- poriticns of the Independent press. In propor- tion to the accelerated progress of public opinion will the war advance. Perhaps in less than three months the last reliance of the adminis- tration upon the Honse of Representatives may be cwept away. In any case, having been assigned our position by the administration organ as the leading journal of the opposi- tion, we shall not falter in our duty. We are’ enlisted for the campaign. Its end may be foreseen already. An administra- tion organized upon the old exploded spoils policy of Marey, Martin Van Buren, and the Alhany Regency, is simply behind the spirit of the age. Public opinion, at every test, will condemn it. The thing is obsolete and cannot stand. Such is this preeent administration. It has been Jed by Marey & Co. into the slough of Van Burenism. Wasiing its pa- tronage upon political loafers, and balancing accounts, like hucksters, between frecsollers and secessionists, so as entirely to repudiate national men and natioval principles, the admin- istration of General Pierce, upon its first ap pearance before Congress, is substantially broken down. The vacillations of the Cabinet organ upon the great issues of the day, and its whining complaints and threats concerning the public plunder, betray the most painful symp- toms of a hopeless disease, The message, which was to have placed Congress, the great masses of the people, and the Cabinet, all in harmony on the same platform, has fallen upon both Houses “like a thrice told tale in the ear ofa drowsy man.” It has had no healing iafiu- ence ; its only effect appears to have been the widening of the breach between the two great divisions of the party and of the country. Thus the war is opened; and the Cabinet or- gans, with the keen sagacity of true spoilsmen, foresee the gathering elements of another po- litical revolution. The movement commenced here in our last State election was nothing more than a marking of the lines for more ex_ iended operations. The spirit of reorganization, upon broad and wholesome constitutional issues, vital and broad as the Union, now developing itself in Congress, will soon diffuse itself throughout the land. The election of the next House of Representatives—in °54, °55, *56— will be but the precursor of the Presidential election. The administration will be beaten, as was that of Adams in the Congressional elec- tions preceding and accompanying the Presi- dential canvass of 1828. The old issues between the whig and demo- cratic parties are settled. They exist no more, ani those old party organizations are therefore extinct. They cannot be revived again. The con- test now is between the administration and the opposition--- between the Cabinct spoils coalition stool-pigeon democracy, and the national Union men ofall parties. It opens as did the general contest between the Senate combination and the Adams administration in 1827, The programme ~—the morale—the general drift of this present movyement-~is substantially the same as that which so triumphantly varried Gen. Jackson into power. The result. we predict, will also be the same: the inauguration of a new order of things, and the ratification of a new division of parties in the election-of 1856. In this contest, we repeat, we accept the hon- orable position thrust upon us by the Cabinet organs. Let it, then, be understood, that the New York Henato is the leading organ of the national opposition party to the administration, and that it isenrolled for the campaign against this coalition free soil spoils Cabinet and the stool-pigeon democracy. We shall feel it our duty to maintain the fight till the political hy- brids of the present Cabinet coalition are super- seced by a more consistent, homogeneous and practically national administration. We care nothing yet for Presidentialcandidates. Weshall have plenty of them, no doubt, from which to choose, in season. But we shall be careful against committing ourselves to the fortunes of apy man withouta full and unequivocal un- derstanding of the ground he occupies, in ad- vance. And after the juggling experiments we have had at Baltimore, we quite agree with Mr. Calheun, that these national conventions are but trading caucusses upon a large scale, and are not to be trusted. They forestall pub- lic opinion. They cheat the people of their free discretion in the elective franchise. At all events, the campaign for the suc- cession will either be a free scrub race, like that of 1824, or a combined onslaught upon the party in power, like that of 1628, Io either case this administration is doomed—it will go down, and another will be installed in its place to carry out the great national principles which this has betrayed and forsworn. To this end the New York ieratp has been decreed by the Cabinet ihe leading organ of the opposi- tion ; and, satisfied with this high distinction, we again answer that we are enlisted for the war. Tue [eisa Directory Fury —It appears that the moneys raised here in 1848 to aid in pro- moting the Irish rebellion of that year, have been partly devoted to assisting in the escape of the Ivish patriots from Van Dieman’s Land, whither they were exiled by the British gov- ernment. In alluding to the circumstance, at the Mitchel banquet on Monday evening, Judge Emmet flew into a violent passion, and soundly rated the inquisitive people who have been in- quiring for some years back that became of the money. We confess ourselves at a loss to comprehend the motive of the learned Judge’s choler. Was it not very natural for people to ask what use had been made of so large a sum of money, which could not obviously be appro- priated to the purpose for which it had been raised? Would it not have been very extraor- dinery if no inquiry had been made by the subecribers? And since it was in the power of so many people to give a satisfactory reply, is it not very odd that no such reply was ever published? Judge Emmet and his friends had much better save their temper and the balance of the fand. They are likely to want both be fore three years pass over. Corrornation Literature The Evening Post, in speqking of Mr. Mitehel’s remarks upoa Secretary Marcy, says:— He should not have coupled Mr. Marcy's attempt to guard against a perversion of his doctrine of nationality, as asserted in the¥Koszta case, with the act of Louis Napoleon in ordering Kossuth to keep off of French soil. This is corporation Englieh. The boards nailed upon the trees in the Battery and the Park generally read—-"Keep off of the grass.” Avouirionism Evincinc Syuproms or Ds- cuing.—The rabid fanatics who still manage and direct the Anti-Slavery Society of New York have recently imitated the. example of some religious sects, and made strenuous efforts to produce a “revival” among the disciples of that faith; for notwithstanding the aid and comfort furnished to the abolitionists by the present Cabinet at Washington, the spirit seems in a great measure to have left their body. In furtherance of this hely object ofrevivification. the society has had recourse to an expedient which is becoming quite fashionable in this re- gion, namely—the delivery of weekly lectures in the Tabernacle by the recognized heads of the abolition movement. The first of these dis- courses was pronounced last week by the Hon- John P. Hale, of New Hampshire ; this was fol- lowed last evening by alecture by the Hon. John G, Palfrey, of Massachusetts, a pretty fall abstract of which will be found in another por- tion of our columns to-day. From the statements of our reporters, we are concerned to know that—if the exhibition of last evening is to be taken as a fair criterion of the course—the pious efforts of the abolitionists to produce a thorough revival in our midst, are not likely to meet with any very brilliant re- sulte. The Tabernacle could not be said, at the most liberal calculation, to have been more than half full; and the most pungent sallies of the lecturer utterly failed to excite any of those monifestations of rampancy which have so often n these latter times given an unenviable dis- inction to that sanctuary. To be sure, it must be confessed that the night was extremely cold, and that, with the other disheartening influence of empty benches to contend against, it would have required an unusual stimulus to excite the auditory to anything like enthusiasm. It must also be admitted that the lecture itself was anything but attractive. Able it may have been, and evincing an aptitude on the part of its writer to collect and bring to bear on his subject any quantity of trite illustra- tions and political speculations, but.it certainly was not of acharacter to stir the blood into quick action, particularly with the mercury in the thermometer below the freezing point. We are disposed, nevertheless, to concede the point that the few respectable individuals who composed the auditory at the Tabernacle last evening must have been real, uncompromising abolitionists, when a lecture on such a subject could bring them from their comfortable fire- sides on such a night. But their fewness in point of number, and the stolid calmness with which they endured the infliction of a long lec- ture, are, in our mind, gratifying evidences of the quiet gradual return to common sense, duty and patriotism which is going on among the abolitionists in this city. The Anti-Slavery Association deserves our acknowledgments for furnishing proofs of this laudable improvement in public sentiment. We trust it will continue to display itself more and more, till society is thoroughly cleansed of the evil. Tae Mitcuet Dinner.—This festival, as such, was all that could have been desired. The speeches—with a passing exception or two—were beautiful. The company were imbued with a spirit of cordial enthusiasm, pat- riotie srdor, and conciliation and harmony, in the great cause of the people of Ireland and of Europe against the despots who oppress them “by the grace of God.” But while Mr. Mitchel Was very Clear tu cunfesslug his mission to this country to be that of a revolutionary propagan- dist in behalf of Ireland, and while he did not mince his words concerning the great clec- tioneering Koxzta letter of Secretary Marcy, he gave us no very definite foreshadowing of his own proposed plan of practical operations Kogeuth, in the ontset, said that he came for material and fiuancfl aid~for Hungary, and he preached this mission throughout the coun- try—he rfised a considerable sum of mo- ney, and disappeared. John Mitchel and Meagher, we doubt not, have resolved upon a more deliberate programme—that of preparing, through their proposed journal, the minds of the Irish people on both sides of the Atlantic for the great work of national independence when the siguul shall be given by a popular oat- break on the Coutiuent. This is not the work of a day—it may be protracted for years. In the meantime, we may expect this new journal io be an active co-laborer in behalf of all the gemuine republican movements of Europe; while another of its objects will be thoroughly to identify our Irish adopted citizens with the great mass ot the American people in unquali- fied devotion to the institutions of the country. Thus much is foreshadowed in Mr. Mitchel’s speech. His policy will be somewhat dif ferent from that of the Freeman’s Journal, and other newspapers of the same school, which, while they join with Meagher and Mitchel in denouncing British despotism in Ireland, differ widely from them in their opinion of Louis Napoleon, the Emperor of Austria, and the Czar. In other words, while the #reeman’s Journal aod its allies are but the propagandists of the Church, the jour- nal of Meagher and Mitchel will be the propagandist of the pritciples of republican freedom, with or without the Church. In this view the Mitchel policy foreshadows the merg- ing of religious differences in thecommon cause of popular rights. And this is the right begin- ning. ae Mr. Buchanan AND THE ADMINISTRATION. — The Lancaster (Pa.) Intelligencer of the 20th ult. gives the following pointed para- graph :— We read, some eight or ten days ago, what par ported to be an extract from the New York National True Democrat, in which, amongst other equally unfounded agzertions sgainst Mr. Buchanan, now et London, it is broadly alleged that he solicited the appointment of Minister to England. is allegation, from our own pean knowledge, we pronounce barely and unqualifiedly false in every articular, and we dare the enemies of Mr. B. at fome in his own State, or abroad in other States, to the proof of their dastard!y and ungentlemanly at- tack upon an absent statesman. The mission was a voluntary tender on the part of the President, and we know that it was with great reluctance Mr. B. congented to its acceptance and sailed for England. We do not speak at random in this matter, and if sech uncalled for and upjustifiable asseults are re- peated in New York or elsewhere, it may be neces- sary heteafter to show from the record what are the ral facta of the case. Mr. B.'s friends desire Reace, but if these rnde and villainous attacks are to be continued upen him they wish to know it at once; and if the war is to go on, they pledge themselves neither to give nor take quarter. This isto the point. The Intelligencer is the home organ of Mr. Buchanan, and undoubtedly apeaks his sentiments in this matter. Ropsine Peter 0 Pay Pavt.—The resolution before the House for the removal of Peter G. Washington from his post of Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. Tom Tuump Storwno Gipraurarn witi A Pocket Prsto1.—See, for example, the violent denunciations of the United States Senate by the Cabinet organ of Washington, More Iuiz¢au Lorrenrms.—We notice by our advertising columns, that the death of the American Art Union has been followed by the birth of several other lotteries, of a somewhat different character, but all equally illegal and reprehensible. These establishments are estab- lished openly, and make no concealment either of their design or of the system on which they work. Yet we hear of no movement o» the part of the District Attorney ? How is this? Do our public officers always require outside pressure to induce them to do their duty? We trust that, if we bave again occasion to refer to this subject, it may be in a different strain. Tur Finst Suap av Wasuinoron.—Beverly Tucker elected printer to the Senate—a good season expected. The New York Carnival. ‘The holidays may be +a.d to be fairly upon us, and for the next to weeks the household gods will receive the yarmest adoration. Little children alreacy imagine that they bear the murmuring of Ssnte Claus in their happy reof-trees; bachelor uncles and sunis have even now acmmenced to ‘' consider’’ what are the most appropriate prerénts for thelr expectant juvenile relations, and the ‘era of good feeling’? is hailed with universal delight by allages, cexes, and classes. What partios, whet routes, what dinners, what suppers, and what balis, ehall wo have for the next three weeks! As Byron saye:— Eating, drinking, Cancing, fiddling, masking clateenl thee things which may be had {or askiug. The Broadway bazaars groan with dols, games, toys, crying babies and babies which do not cry at all, watcbes which will not go, and guns which will not shoot. The colored gentlemen who ‘take in parties to do,” are plunged ina ses of oysters, ices, fruits and Charlotte russes. They become insane in the complex calculations pertaining to salada—they grow wild in the consideration of the merits of sauces. Merchants look anxiously for cargoes of raisine, grapes, lemons, almonds, and olives, sold to arrive. Win3 merchants grow eloquent over their champag:es, and expatiate by the hour upon the merits of ‘Mum's Cabinet,”’ ‘‘ Heidsick,”’ ‘‘ Creme de Bouzy, ’ or ‘Fleur de Sillery.”” The venders of bijoweris and lingerie revel in the last styles a la mode de Paris and remorselessly entrap young mea with small telaries and expensive female attachmeats. The postman’s feet are nevor at rest, as he trots from door to éoor with written cartels—challenges to meat a few friends —the wespons being pickled eysters and champagno; the results being sick headaches and repeutance. This isthe ordeal through which ‘‘ali New York” must go for the xext two weeks; and the best of it all is, that ‘all New York” thinks it gloriozs fun. But it has its good re- sults. Wine and good cheer often open the heart and the hand at the same moment. Ali the people don’t put their hands in their pockets and keep them there. The New Yeer brings joy tothe heart of the poor man, as well astafforda novelty and excitement to the rich. Nature here exerts her compensating principle, and if strait- laced hypooritss charge that this is the season of dissipa- tion, we answer that it is also the season of benevolence. fo we take advantage of the season, and extend its com- pliments to our readers all over the world Fires in Brooklyn. a DISASTROUS FIBRE IN COLONADB ROW—IMMENSE DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY. A most disastrous fice cccurredin Brooklyn yesterday morning, involving the destruction of property amounting to nearly $150,000 in value, About 4 o’clock a Gro broke ont in the house on the northwest corner of Colonade Row, Columbia street, and with such rapidity did the flames spread that the entire range, comprising eight houser, was soon after entirely enveloped, rendering the efforts of the firemen, who labored under considerable difficulty, for the want of water, almos: entirely without effect. They succeeded, however, in confining the fire to the row in which it criginated. The buildings destroyed occupy the entire front on Co Tumbia street, between Middagh and Cranberry. They were composed of brick, with wooden fronts. The veran dah in the rear extcnded the entire length of the row, and being compored of light wood work, proved @ con- ductor of the flames from one building to the other, a brisk wind from the northwest prevailing at the time. They were erected in 1885, by Gen, Underhill cost of $120,000 and have since been looked upon as the most desirable summer re:idences in Brooklyn. The buildings were cecapied respectively aa foliows:— No. 1, in which the fre orig’nated, owned by Mr. R. Parsons, and occupied by H. Colton. Loes on building abo nt $8,(00; insured for $2,500, in the Eagle Insurancs cftice, New York. The furniture, with a number of chcice aintings and statuary, was valued at about $8,000; no surance, No 2, owned by R. L. Chapin, and occupied by M. 8. Gilbert.’ Loss on building, $7,600; insured for $6,000 in the Long Ieland Insurance’ Company. Loss on furniture and otcer hourebeli articles, over $7000; ina for $2.500 in the Brooklyn Insurance Co: Noe. 8, 4, 5 and 6 were occupied K. Woolsey, Joshua Brown, Thomas Rowe, and Mr. Til son The logs on each house ia about $4,000, and on the furniture of each occupant about $7,000, No. 8, owned by Ebever Barrow. Loss on buildiog about $5,000; inured for $5,500 in Wall street. Loss on furniture nbd provisions stored in the cellar, about $1,000, not insured. The entire )ow is level with the ground, and the whole loss cannot be mnuch less t! 130,000, about one half of which is insured, ANOTHER FIRE. Abcut 9 o'clock yeatercay morning a fire broke out in 267 Washington street, occupied by Mrs, Elizabeth Merrit. ‘The flames communicated with the adjoining tenement, occupied*by Thomas Taylor. Both buildings were de- stroyed. The furnitareand goods were saved. Rev. K. M cee owner. His loss is about $4,000; in- sured. Ie both the instances above mentioned, the ocenpants bad great dificulty im making their escape. The ser vents in Mr. Cclton's house saved themselves by climbing on the roof and coming down through another building. The servants of Mrs, Merritt were let down through the second story windows, with the aid of ladders, The Society of Universal Demoeratic Repub x licans, LIBERATION OF MARTIN KOSZTA—FORKIGN POLICY OF SECRETARY MARCY. Amceting of the committee of the above society was held Inst evening, in rocm No. 14 of the Stuyverant In- stitute. At the appointed hour, (aight o’clock,) there wore about twenty members present, when Mr. McMullen was called to the chair. Col. H. Forbes acted as Secretary. The minutes of the last proceedings of the Committee wore read and ap. proved of, 2 Col, Fornxs said he had received a letter from Col. Densch, who was arrested at Hamburg, im which he stated that he was notarrested by the Prussian authori- ties, but by the officers of Iismburg, and his property and money, to the amount of three thousand dollars, which he had ready to defray his expenses in coming to this country, were taken from him, Te is still in prison. Mr, Foruna further r tated, that he had had an inter- view with Koezta in the morning, who told him that the account of the affair at Smyma published in the 7ribune was perfectly correct, but by whom furnished to that peper he didnot know. The raying that he had writien it in a letter to the President wae imoorrect, as he hai never addrested a letter to the Pre,ident. He (Keezta,) further added, that when bisarrest took place he bad sought protection from Brown and Marsh--the Awerican Consul and Ovarge in Turkey—and was sorry to easy it was not afforded in the manner ho ad. He was at ong time protected alter a way; at another the protection was withdrawn, snd he was told he must act cpon his own responsibility in resistiag the Au trian officials. In the end it was afforded to him, and he found, upon inquiry, thst the gentlemen upon instructions from the goverare:t at Wi Whish, ho believed, were to tro effect that bi be protected; but of this he could not be assured. He did not wieh to attend at the meeting that evening, as he sycke Erglish only imperfectly, and s ditcassion might arise upon the affeir in committee. He (Col. Forbes,) thonght this prudent. ‘The Secretary then raid that he had received from Col. Henningsen communication respectirg religious tolera- tion in Turkey, which document would be at sny time highly interesting, but is doubly so at the present mo ment, With permission, he wou'd read it, RELIGIOUS TILERATION IN TURKEY, New York, Der To Cor, Forurs—Drar Str:—asl have per inecme quarters the natural sympatiy enlist Turks in their agsingt the egeression of Russia, is ition that the osuso of religious tolers. terests of Christianity are in some ith the interests of political justice, I v intrude a few remarks to point ont how litvle foun- dation there is for this opinion, and how erron ous Preseion that Russia in any way represonte relizic or truo Coristismit; nd hs re ok or Roman noton § par in this re: ry in the Old World, Rs 0) ven 99 oad, that the whole, hai In Bpain, liboral'zed in religion yo the time when tho father of the presont ueon was led by bis confesecr t» arsist from bis balcony in 0 act of inith, by witnessing the burmtng live of the vie~ tims of tho inquisition— influenes of Groat Britain of Chriotisn boriel for Vr testants, ‘Thi over here his Nupeto, to ordain bishop: and eacora’o churches, will not ot this moment allow Protestants ono Ublic place of worship, bo vevir humoie, within tho wails of ome, Where they onu werohip,dod a ding 80 the forma of w A Veal majority of the American peopis. In Franco, for- werly the mogt tolerant country of the © but where ‘atholicism hos chtained ascondan: +? with ‘the aoe mndanoy of cepotism, We Lave recently scen & jt congregation OO A ES TS SL SS aaa aaa aa —————— deprived, against a!) precedent and law, of the right to meet s re - ‘Tcsoans, the dintribution of » Bible is ‘talian shores of the Adriatio, not Phan 10 to th ht of, 2 mi ous! the Turkish coast, wi Lics aud arm may b iw & Mehommedan & vexatious « ‘evan s Mahommodan, coming tom ero Grerks, Protertants, Rom an Ontho- ohurches whore they ploase,> not allowed to Jand. Ie by governs the Jews are still opprosse urebos, exoept her favored Bpls- il nd has ouly in tite gene- mn olio disabilivies, whleh prmindfal thas the foolish ‘into Ance of Protestanurm can never suesessfully combat, bat von, the daugerous aud encrusching in- i Kome. ject to certain disabilities, Turkey bas at al) forme of el times Sermitted and protected alt iginae wor stip. Under the relau of the past and prosens Saltans, these disabilities simply amouated to the saymen 7, alt who were Lo jomamedans of a capitstion tax. ia their being delarved from tae profession of and in thoit 0 pele farbicden to resort to street prodessione ¢ use churels belle witch is stil Yorbiddom 40 all but she orthodox in D a. Breland. or band, Christians in Turkey are not liable, hite Mahomesine to’ military conscription; in many parte ef the mpize, it oatanee in Albania) 4m, parts ot fuealah Greece, snd in the lands gettled by the Turkih Cossacl Phe iitinna co about rw ed to the teeth pe ot K seia, Germany, yand fu ringer 3 olshed, and tis snitan is at isn corps of voluuteos.. In Turkey, thoretore, Jus olseation, trammeliod by cor Crogrossively beoa ferupulous respect fod to the heterodox, and the mirchis nterferer ce by foreign gover mente (in- tolerant at home) in the wame of religious toleration, has cramped or impeded the reforms which the Turkish govern: ent honestiy intended Fir intanco, foraerly the evidence of Mahommedeng only was admitted fo courts of law. ‘The oonstitution given ceorossing, whi! of the Perte fer by th Sulton, aduicted tho evidence of all religious densm- inaticne. Now, in the debased condition of Christian- fiy m Turkey, Whether Geeok, Ro: it is a notorious fs lation might bo got to give any evidence reqi lar, aud that witnesses might be procured at any hour, in Any street, to sveur any man's life op property away. ' At the eame timo, if they wore made to take oath bef-re their At is therefore obvious own bishop, perjury would b that this was the only practical mode of introduoi.g this re- form; but in nearly o*ery i those dignitaries refused,to administer or enforce that oath, and Turkish autheri- tics epdenvored to oblige th they app to the Ru: er Frenck legstions, who immesiately interfered with thoir protection, raising the ery of violated treaties and roligious pex6r ution. Greck bishoys, strong in the protestion of Russia, the som- lisity of france sud imvevility ot England, arreaved, pum- Bined and tortured their oo sprecations unde the protext of evel es! discipline, wi'h sn'arbitrary aeverity whieh tha letter and spirit of the Tanzimat to. bids the highest Tarkish official to exoroize ty rk, Jew or Christian, Diplomacy an interivronon of self styled allies and retended friends, in fact, forbade tho Turk to extend to Bicee his subjocts the protection of the law and constitu: tion. Mount Athos to this day is covered with the dunzeons and prisons of the Greek Church. hz horrors of these places of captivity and punishment wore detailed to me by » Greek prluss, now the keeper cf an iun in the famous valo,or Father gorge of Tempe, but who was for several ycare there impel sono! for reading a Protestant Bible, and who, hay ik geese to Rete came back under the protection cf » Bri- Dr resident in she neighboring city of Ambelakia, ‘astry in which half's dosea calayere them a princely He re- Inted that the Turkish Governor megs reek ated Bs that it would be woll t r trait in saevaclet of the Greaker ti thoi ibtrsb of Ruetledge, whites fives their bishops mush unonsiness, and which Is stromger than thele supersuition. (‘They eagerly adopted the sugges: tion, but the Lishop called on Russia, the Turkish Duked, the eelayers contin willing Greak congregation to Tayo ‘What religious intolerance does exist on the part of Turkey, ia the intolerance not of Lowe or regulations, bat of opinion— the chief perrecution of tho Cnris'ian new is the poz of contomt. But this, arising partly feom Maromme prejudice, partly from Christian desers, is neither uaaeoo able nor unmerited. ‘An impartial investigation of history forces us to admit that the Greek and Catholis forms of Christianity, with which the Turk was formerly almost oxclusively brought in con- tact, exhibited towards his oreed a degree of intolerance and fsns’aciem far exceeding what he has ever sown, and which was calculated to foster, if not originate, that wh'oh ho has manifested. ‘The Turks never made bacihmend 07 the alternative of conversion. as Ferdinand Teabela cid with Mahommodans and Jews, or as did with tho Hingnenots In the past eooc: propagand loft the choice betwoon vassalage and infuriority or = adoption of his creed e red to show the contrast In the rreeent I have endea yen bis conduet towards Christians and the toleration tw of Catholic governments towarde him; but it is moreover only feir to add that even in Protestant countries it i ticnedle whether he would nct find, under ot! much intolerance of opinion as he is gvilt ostablish morques in London snd New Yor! In the next of, lace his idoas of Christit pire, and smong the more ignorant, boys, woten, and @ few fanatics, will still ooos- sionally inewlt’ and stathomatize Christian intruders into the Turkish quarters, for i is only in eertain places, and at certain times, that thic angry feeling anywhere ‘finds ‘vent? At the same time, oven this intoleran pearing, and the Turk is not slow, where afiorded him, in perceiving and recognizing at least » ence between his Christion fellow-sutjects and higher toned, owing & purer creed. Disbelief in the d in the Prophet sro displissing to him, but hia anger aud aversion sre principally roused by idolatry, aud so he considers the image worstip of the Roman Catholic and the picture worship of the Greek. But he looks on the Bible with respect, and his wrath on Christ as s prophet whose namo is sometimes kindled to think that idolators he can observe theit farms afi! indlier feeling, and. if thoy at? , they are yet not for him, idol-worshipper— bie sborivation in his eyes—an! tacugh to through i termixtere with Protest mts, tt 3 very surely throvgh that ivtermizture that bis prejudices agninet Christianity will eventually givg Alevady several influenting Turke have expresecd thsiz devire to coe Vrotestantism progress among cup vhristian Ropulations; ito prospects are t iready favorable among the rmenians, and miuieters of ail denominations are freo in ‘Turkey to preach the gorpel where shey olease. ‘The darkest festure of Mahomraedan intoleranco ie oxer. cited towards Mahommedans themeelves. Once Maho niedan, the law permits no change, and suil rigorously visite change to any other creed, which formerly it punishod with eath. But if we cemo to Russia, whoro toleranos, we are told, should enlist our liberal aud Christian “eympathled against the Turk, how does the cave stand? Cana Ruesian, any more than a’ Mahowmedan, change from the orthodox Ruisso-Greek Churoh’ No, the Isw punishes such a chapge a8 ® felony—but that is notall, for not only may thene born in the Rusto-Greek OLuzoh not tren te any other, but if a Catholic, Protestant, or Nahommedan, in tho Rus- sian empiro, ebange ab ell fs wn creed, it is only to t Sree ti a penal ishment, if opportunity fer euch a conversion were over at- forded him. under a governrent where a Protestant minister, Preaching ny whero but in 1 where hi 0 his Protestant congregation, would be imm off with his Bible to prison, or to Siberia, Now, this Kueso-Greek faith is Roman Catholicism with su- peradéed musmery and cuperetition, Is has nunneries, mo- nastcries, confersion, relio aud pictur worship, aad upward o2 two hundred fast days and fystivals in the year. Each of ite i 1d bya synod of general: booted and bedizzencd, who representa its head jontiff, the Emperor Nich who, by & deer hat the sect called United Greeks wore Rusto-Crocks, a1 the felony a8 apoatal fold, into which, lil ho at length drove th Ja voted tens of tho unary porsecut jor the ineh or rf Inte the interior, despotled by their pervecutors,. Uf this pers sccution, ore episode-—the murder of ti ¢ Mipsk Roman Cath- olic nun ill stall be in the recoliectio® of many of my readers, | ing aroused st the time their abhorrence inet the man with whom tho Church of Rome now frater- . and Who we aro told moy udvantageously, for the in- be ot ee toleration, recat his rule for jh ¢ exemplar, ul-mejid. —I om, sir, yours roepectful TT CHARLAS FREDERICK HENNINCSER, It was diected that the letter be placed upon the minutes, and hat the Secretary do return the toanks of the ry to the writer of it. ae inquhed if strangers could speak at tho meeting eel Cuairman replied that they could speak, but not vote ‘The SrRaNcER then said he was happy to bear from the letter just read, that the Turks could at Jast distinguish between Christians gud Catholic idolaters, The Cnginwan said he would propose ee of action te the society, be) which their energy would be much con- centratec. He would recommend & reries of di cussions at the meetings upon the state of nstional frosdom in every partof the world, taking up one country ata sit- ‘Thus, if they devoted ono ¢vening to Hungary, one tw nj, one to Tialy, one \o France, and one to Ger- many, the sons of theae kingioms would come prepared to give information as it wou'd reach them ia either let- tern or payers. It would thus be # diecusaion of natiorali gud he thought it would have a beneficial éflect, He woul’ add, also, another i i mits et Apert sn cussion of auch subje gancism;” “How fi rope aided hete;” “The srtifices cf absolutism, and how they are to be ret:” “The armies of absolutirm—how the; could be comuunieated with—bow they could be galaed over—what are the sources of their power, and how the soprces could be dried up.’” ‘The av; itionn were Cpe es and _s committee, com- pored of Mersra. McMullen, Forbes, Herschfeld and Mom- nelle, were appointed a commitive to rep: rt upon the aub- ject at next meeting, Mr, Hryay H MorsNar said that he had crawn few resclutions, which he hoped would be adopted meeting, as they referred in special manner to th hereas, By a published atatoment of Martin Koszta, it would seem that he has escaped the Austrian dungeon only to be transferred to @ virtual imprisonment on board of one of tho Un ted States veosels, and o limitation placod upon bis ir wn, the Poreonal ibes conduct of Mossrs, Marsh American legation, in the Korata aff orndempation of every Araorican citizon rianco with tho views of the goverem luvestignted, end, if nenessary American oltizens’ jn tho Tur bem Colonel Founms enid that he did not think that the meeting bad anything mo:e to show that the American legation had deserted Koozta. Kosata said the: rotect him as he expected, but he had found d acted under instructions from th question |, and show whet 1 verninent pla; art with the people at home snd the ‘Ate Neat amen if Brown and Marsh are accured, they, in self de Will come outend explain what instructions they have reseived, ‘The resolutions were unavimous!y adopted. The frcneraky read several ‘commun loations from the Polish Central Demosratic Committee in Lon ion, relative tf mooey bonds. They stated thas movratic Commitfec, acting on behalf of it, confirmati to the ire Ceniral Volish National, and wita the consen aathorizetion of the Central Europe culation Polish pated Voland will p Fer snoum from the day of taking t These Poltah rherew are four‘old: English money; yellow, at 26 Polieh Goring, 12, cd, Reglieh money; blue, at 50 Polish florixry £1 be Fogliab rooney; gray, at 100 Polish Boring, £2 10s, Hog. iieb money Fach of these shares will bear, besides, the signatures 06 Polish the ion, and floring, bs,