The New York Herald Newspaper, November 30, 1853, Page 2

THE EUROPEAN NEWS. THE war Im THE BAsT. HIGHLY INTERESTING FROM THE DANUBE. THE VICTORY OF THE TURKS AT OLTENITZA One Hundred Thousand Turks have Crossed the Danube. Their Advance upon Bucharest. Another Great Battle between the Rus- sians and Turks at Oitenitza. THE FOURTH REPULSE OF THE RUSSIANS. The Reported Resignation of the Prime Minis- ter of England, AFFAIRS IN INDIA AND CHINA. THE CHINESE REVOLUTION. THE RBUSSO-INDIAN ALLIANCE, STATE OF THE MARKETS, &., &e, & ‘The Unt ‘ed States mail steamehip Atlantic, Capt. Weat, from Liverpeol, Wednesday, the 15th of November, arri- ved at this port about four o'clock yesterday morning. The resignation of Lord Aberdeen, the Prime Minister of England, was reported in L'verpool as the steamer left. This may have been the result of a Cabinet Council which rwas held in London on Saturday, the Lith inst. If it be true that Lord Aberdeen has resigned, it is likely that Lord Palmerston will become Minister of Foreign Afairs, ‘and England take a firmer and more decided stand in favor of Turkey. It continued to be generally circulated that Parliament will be called together at an early date. ‘The intelligence from the seat of war has crowded out mews of every other description, notwithstanding which it {s extremely difficult to arrive at anything like a connest- ed narrative, in the confusion of contradictory and unda- ted despatches that follow each other to the markets of Paris and London. The latest telegraphic despatches received at Liverpool declared that the Sultan would place himeeif at the head Of his troops. They also report a great battle near Oltenitza Between the Russians, under Prince Gortechakof, ard the ‘Turks on the Wh inst., in which the Russians were aguin re pulsed. The general news from other parts of the continent of Europe possessed but little interest. England, for the ‘time being, appears peaceably disposed, but the French feel warlike and their Emperor thinks that the Czar of Russia has gone teo far, and the moment is at hand ‘when neither honor nor interest will permit the sword of France to “slumber in its scabbard.”’ Of course the people of Paris were greatly excited, but whether the war fever would lead many of them beyond the confines of their own city seemed to depend im a great measure, judging rom the tone of their journals, upon the policy to be adopted by England. Prussis, in the meantime, “reserves to herself full liberty of action.”’ At Liverpool cotton had been freely offered, with but lit. tle demand. The market closed tamely at previous quo- tations. There was a good, but not animated, enquiry for wheat and flour, at previous full quotations. Indian corn was dull, Among the passengers by the Atlantic are Colonel T. | B. Lawrence, bearer of despatches; Gen. J. Watson Webb, | aod Miy Anna C. Lynch. ‘The Cunard propeller Andes also sailed from Liverpool, on the same day. ‘The Asia arrived out on Sunday forenoon, Nov. 13, at ther before 10 o'clock. a Our London Correspondence. Loynon, Taesday, Nov. 15, 1853, ‘THE BATTLE OF OLTENITZA—STATE OF AFFAIRS. In wy last letter I sent you the proclamation of war of the Russian Emperor against Turkey. The bullying tone of that document has given a new impulse to the war, in- @omcch as the action of England and France is concerned. These two Powers have hitherto confinedjthemselves to de- mon: trations, but it may be presumed that they will short- Ay be compelled to take un active part in the war. The feel. it in Fogland is very strong against a war with Russia’ @. English commerce would undoubtedly suffer, and the Price of provisions, already very high, would increase; but the popular voice is loud at the same time against Russia, avd 60 loud thatif our government does not act up toit the Aberdeen ministry will go to the wall and Pai- merston be Premier. Cabinet councils are held daily, end it is ramored this*morning that Parliament will meet Gooner than was expected for despatch of business. The effect produced in Francs by the Russian mani- festo is well portrayed by an article in the Moniteur, which reprecents the personal opinions of Louis Napo- Jeon ard his government. It re‘utes all the assertions of the Rursian document, an! says:—‘In ercasing the Da- ube the Turks are not taking the offensive; it is Oito- man terfitory. It is quite evident that a collision with the Western Powers may occur at any moment. Tke arsenals at Toulon are busily oocupied preparing arma and smmunition. France and Evgland have gene so far that they cannot now leave Turkey. The combined fleets are in the Bcsphorus. To turn to the actual theatre of war on the Danube. As must be expected, the telegraphic despatches a:e often exaggerated, and sometimes false, These through Vienna are necessarily favorable to Russia, first from sympathy; Becondly, because they come from the Rassian quarters. ‘Thore from Constantinople are probably the only true ver- rions; but they pass through Vienna sometimes. The report that the Turks hed taken Bucharest is not true; but it is quite clear that some very seric us fighting Joas taken place, and that the Russians have had the Worst of it. The Turks are now fortified on both sides of the Danube, and have a sure retreat upon Schumla, So- phia, or Varna, in case of need. On the 3¢, 4th, and 5th pf November there seems to have been continued fighting In the vicinity of Oltenitza. The following is thy remi- Pilicial version of the battle received at Paris from the | Freach Consul General at Bucharest :— THE RATTLE OP OLTENITZA. ‘The government has recsived the following details of the fi noontre of the 4tn between the Turks and Russians at Ol- fenites. It ia in the triangle formed by the Arzis, the Dan be, and the village of Oltenitza that the rancaimary combat Of the sth took place. The Turks were only 9 00!) strong; thoy Oceupied the quarant'ne bui'ding situated in the plain neat the Dannbe and the villsg». This building aad an old ro dvobt wore fortified with waterials brought from Tourtukai ‘The Turke made nso of the batteries of that fortress with threw acros: the Danu'e. 3 here cat success; the: Hi and sixt, bout two hundre ral colonels; tue gr of the wounds were made with conical balls. Gorsechakoff hae left for Ul ovitaa. It is iatended to avtack tho Turks with twenty our thousuud men to-day or to- morrow It appears that some of the Turkish battalions were farmed with Minie rifles, and did great execution among the Ruseian officers. Another account says Gn the 24 and 2d inst the Rus wored in vain to prevent the ves in advance of Ulteni & oe A ao Be Prins ne lo ficers ‘ihe position of O' Bre cightven out thirty eight miles from Bueharess, which f their operations in Wall AR ION fi that they re dial ods from it. Toe attack w 1 ath and tinued through part of tie Soh ave bad twelve hundred killed or wounded, and it is Be certain that the Ottoman chasevurs, armed with the Vin Gennes onrbines, made terrible havoo in the ranks of the offi- Cora, Almost ail the commanders of corps have fallen, We that we bave no details on the consejue Tie second e nt, but from the summons made to Pacha, to deliver ap all tho for for Unk tne teoope of the Suited have aavunmed a real avtisuce Of superiority. That there should be some discrepancy in the accounts fa natural enough; but they all agree that a battle has peen fought, and that the Tarks have had the best of it. Prince Gortachakoff, the commander in chief of the Rus Bian forces, has left Bucharest, and advanced his head- Quarters nearer the Danube; the next feat of arms will Probably be the battle, or seige, or storming of Buchs Pest. The Rustian goverament has officially announced that @lter the 224 November all Turkish vessels in Russian harbors will be seized as lawful prizes. At Odessa the greatent activity prevails in the corn trade, Four hun Ered vessels entered that port on the 10th Ostobor, and Goudie that umber was expected, Tae corn deposits i ee ee eed HE, As yet there are no symptoms of the commencement of rising in the Italian provinces of Austria. The third corps @’armee in Poland was ordered to march te jain Gort- schakoff; but on the representations of Prince Paskie- witch, the Russian commander, that such a step would be dangerous, the order was countermanded. The Caar will, it is said, proceed ia person to the theatre of war. ‘The eventual position that Austria will assume is auxious ly dicoussed. As yet she as well as Prussia remain nou- tral, or at least profess neutrality, But can they resist the foree of circumstances? The Porte had promised not to employ Austrian subjects (refogees) in Europe in her armies, The last telegraph from Vienns states that Gen. Klapka, the gallant defender of Comorn, has received a command You may now look for exciting news from Europe by each mail for “the degs cf war’? are loose. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD, Lonpox, Noy. 15, 1853 The money market here is comparatively ¢..y, eatab- lishing the fact that the fear of war causes a ore strin- gent money market than actual war. True, o +e of the great Western Powers are as yet involved, no: > \t likely they will be before spring. You wil see by \ «rslrode’s late despatch that Russia will do everything ia or power to confine the war to the narrow limits of the ‘’r vinces. Yet you must notcome to the conclusion that . .ssia can entirely control the action of Europe. For I know that the Porte bas asked France and England to cuarantes the neutrality of Austria, alleging that it takes as large a force to guard the rear of Omer ?asha’s army froma sud. den attack of the Austian army of observation as it would require to march to the heart of Hungary. I also know that unless Austria withdraws her forces, or that England and France shall guarantee her neutrality, that ‘the Porte has advised her that he will declare war against her, and that she cannot be regarded as neutral while sha has a large army on his frontier which requires an equally str fores to watch. We haveadvices that Kossuth’s agent was openly re- ceived at Constantinople, and that the l’orte made no se cret of the fact, that unless Austria withdraw her armies from his frontier, or that England and France shall ac cece to his demand for a guarantee of the neutrality of Austria, that Kossuth will be invited to Constaatinople and placed at the head of a strong division to march on Hungary. Captain Porter, of theGolden Age, and Mrs Howard, ths agent and owner, are now in London, and I understand that they have offers which will probably result in their going to Constantinople. Very respectfully, GEO. N, SANDERS, OPERATIONS ON THE DANUBE. The Vienna correspondence ef the 9th inst., furnishes additional pariicula:s of this engagement at Oltenitza:— The following additional porticulars of the battle which took place on the 5tb at Oltenitza were forwarded by eleo- tric teleg:aph on the Sth inst Bvcnanxsr.—Fourteen superior officers were killed. The Turks rewained masters of the field. ‘The Russians retreated towards Bucharest. The first despatch, which probably came from the right bank of the river, informed us that the battle lasted twen- ty eght hours; but not only does common sense rebel Sgainst euch a statement, but information since reeeived from Bucharest, via Hermapnstadt leads us to suppese that the regular close fighting lasted no longer than three hours. The time which has elapsed since the conilict to xk place is so short that details are still wanting; but it is credibly related that after the artillery had committed sad bavoc on either side, the Turka decided the fate of the day with the bayonet. The number cf superior Rus:ian officers who fell is said to be somewhat exag- gerated, but it will probably be seen that such is not the case. It appears that the Turks were 12,000, and the Russians 9,000 strong. Over Pasha’s Lieutenant, Nafiz Paths, probably commanded the former; General Perlof, or rome such name, the latter. The newa contained in our papers reaches up to the 4th, on which day it was said at Giurgevo that the Turks had attempted to pass the river at Olienitza and Slobatvar, but bad been repused by the Russians. At Oltenitza a sharp attack, which was twice renewed, took place, but the Rus- sians kept their strong position. Reinforcements have reached Giurgevo, at or near which place skirmishes con- tivually occur. ' We are at some little losa to know whether two Austrian steamers have been fired into or one, and whether the Rus ‘ans or Tarks committed the outrage. 8 He weet version is, that opposite Giurge yo, the Turkish con wander, taking the Austrian steamer for a Rursian vessel, fired into her; but in my letter of yesterday was a creditable ccmmuuisation which must induce us to believe that more than one misunderstanding | hhas oceurred. The Ovst. Deutche Post hasa short notice relative to Leeser Wallachia which deserves notice. It is considered porsible for Omer Pasha, without any great cif- ficulty, to push forward his troops to Krajova, on the Schyl, and even to Slatina, on thy aluta. The rivers in questi: n tiow from the northern mountainous frontier of Lesser Wallachia ac oss the province down to the Danube, and present many points of defense, so excellant thata lice of operation pearly as strong be fermed. Litte credit is gi hav relative to the occupation of Giurgevo by the Turks, afvera battle which lasted some five hours: but you mast not lose sizht of the fact that it is not yet quite clear wheter the battle took place at Oltenitza or Giurgevo. | The reperts which have until now reached us are ex- tremely confused, but it strikes me that the com>ined at'ack baving been made by the Turks, there was hard fighting at both places at oneand the same time. A Turtixh bulletin of the conflicts at Giurgevo and Oitenit- ua bas been publivhed at Kalsfat, but, of course, it has not set reached this city. The number of 2ussians killed is ssid to be 2,000, but this, like the twenty-eight hours battle, is probably a gross exaggeration. It would be puerile to suppose that ap secommodation can be effect- ed until the stain om the Ruesian arms has been wiped away, aud therefore the diplomatic world must be con- tent for a while to leave the Russo Turkish question in” the hancs of the men of the sword. Again, upon November the 10th, ke writes thus :—The est Correspondens was yesterday under the painful neces. sity of making known to the Austrian world that the Rus- siana had rustained a defeat in Wallaonia, and the follow- ing is the semi official account of @ battle inwhieh tbe Russians probably lost eight guns, fourteen sup-rior ofii- cers, and some six hunéred men:— According to a telegraphic despatch of the Sth, from Her- mann tadt, 12,000 Turks. who are said to Danube at Turtukai and Oltenitea, were Rusrian General Perlof, with 3,00). Afr ade, recourse wes had to the bay Not! known of t ult of the battle or the loa: 400 cithe t is only said that the Turks have not quitted their position at Oltenitzs and sre Eglin, Hy stars esthere Four thousand Torks are said to be at Kalarache, 2,000 on an island near Giurgevo, aud 12,00 in Leeser Wallachia. This document, which was evidently drawn up under Russian superintendence, would not have found a place here bad it not contsined confirmation of my already ex- pressed conjecture thet the Turks had made a combived movement. They are establishey at Kalarache, opposite Siistria, at Oltenitzs, on an island opposite Giurgevo, at Simnitzs, at Turna, at Kalarache, opposite Rahora, and at Kalafat, and not, as the foregoing despatch saya, with 18,40 but with 42,000 men. Exch paper has a different account of what bas occurred, but the Orv. Deusche Post gives'a kind of panoramic view of the whole seat of war, which is both instructive and interesting. The Oe. Deutsche Post is probably not far from the truth when it supposes that the left wing of Omar Pasha’s army, which was at Sophia is row in Lesser Wallachia, ard consequently on the right flank of the | Ruseises The second and more important movement ia in frout, as its euccess will probably force Prince Gortschakcff to order his right wing to fall back on Ba charest to protest that city, in whicd case the left wing of the Turks xi) bave little d ficulty in getting through Lesser Wallachia to the Aluta. Tue operations in front are evidently cirected frm Shuma, which place is the vertex cf the obture angle formed by Silistria and Rust cbuk. There ix no positive intel.igenve on which to found such a conjectare but it would not surprise me to learn in few days that the left flsnk of the Russians was also meraced by Turkish troops which had crossed at Hirsoy. on that part cf the Dapute which, flowing due north, | forms the eastern boundary of Wsilachia An imzediate advance sgainst Bucharest does not sppear probable for two ressona:—The Turks have not succee ted in crosring the river at Giurgevo, which leaves a oi cir line cf attack. The correctness communicate! yaster day relative to the departure of Prince Gortschakoif the 4th, from Bucharest to Giurgevo, where he was to have bad an interview with a Turkish envoy, is not tie The ltarrian commander was ssid to be a: Kotzebue, who is the camp diplomatist. ore is of an arrangement you will be able to judge from the terme insisted on by the Tu: ‘The Porte is resolved to treat only on the following con ition 1. All rong placas in the Principalities to be given nto the hende of the Turks melete evacuation of the Principalities in the shortest possible time 8 The guaranteo of all the Powers against a similar inva- sion. The Wanderer, of the 9th inst, observes with reagon that great obscurity prevails over what has taken place between Giurgevo and Ollenitea Tt adda -— ‘The line of ten miles between Ratschuk and Giurgevo, and Turtnkai and Oltenites, forms the principal basis of the opo- rat ons of Omer Pacha.” That line is not only the base of the triangle, tae suimin tof which forms the strategicsl sita of the Turkey nay Bucharest, but it is, moreover, the natural line of defence of the Balkan, in the direction of Adrianople, | an¢ that point i+ for the hussian operations what Bucherost is for the Turkish. Touching the affair at Oltenitza and Tartukai, the fol ‘itional details are contained ia the Copirte Zei respondens ‘= ‘The istand in tho vicinity of Tartmies! forms a natnral bat tle ground. The troops with which the Turks made a begin pins ow the 2d, after © corps of about 14,000 men bad been concentrated hotwoen Te: ohs and Turtulal, tomained in the beshes, favored by the fog. On the were don the island, 2,000 were om b barcos ready to be conveyed to t ite shore, and about 4,00) of 5,000 men Lad alreaty on the loft bank. During tbe night from the Jd to the dth inataut tho passage | was attempted over the smaller arm of the river neat Olte nitzs, and was also carried out by force nf arms 200 on board the barges sailed round te island, and wore ) roach the Wallashian shore “! A slong the Danube, Que of ty the ressrve were posted atthe divs amounting altogetner to about 5 bat reinforcements arrived OO) men. The engagement ‘On both sides the troops ‘ought The cannonade lasted un. commenced at dawn of day. wit! bravery and perseverance. remittingly for eighteon hours. Towards noon the contest seemed to draw loge by the retreat of the Turks to their vossele, b on renewod. In tho ovening the Turks wers ost je, and the Russians behind Olt: nits ogly wut dorous one, and the losars ow both sides must have boon very considerabic, The Russians performed all that could havo bean expected of them, it to num v. vbravery liare bites ta | Russians wes required to overcome ti in with d to the milil the Turks, Fegar ow itary prowess of the dulged Om the 5th the Journal de St. of the 23d ult., (Nov. 4,) gives the following acsount of the affair at Isactcha:— Since the 3d (15th) October the Turkish ba mrenced On the 4th, (16th.) 8 0 Danube, rituated under the fire o! and beyond the range of positions taken up by our troops. In the night of the lth, (i2d,) the Turks approached a pick of Cosmacks opposite Turtukal, and afte ketry, which killed one Corsack, Lith,( 23d,) a division of the Dani rms, & t bul in of but the followin, details “, he two steamboats, Pruth, and Ordinarets, and eight gunboats, had orders to ascend the Danube from 1 it to Brailow. as fh to pass before had been decide the paeeage in sw in ord & manner that the boat 'y reach the «nemy’ at nightfall. but tho brave soa. men requested ae a favor that they might b allowed ty pses before Isacto’ ain the middle of the day. ‘The vessels, thet tore, sppoared before the Turkish forti tc mounted with twenty-seven j ivces of cannon ab o'elock i ing. divert th the enemy four guns were advanced on our silo ‘The ‘Turks were the first to open the fire, to which our ank replisd at the seme time. 8 pursued ite way up t! ir cleat from thi my’s firo, and in few houre arrived at Galate, baving oply experienced very trifliug damage, Tho groatet part ot the town of Isac'cha was consumed b- the fire fro aour ‘The soldiers try regimen of Modlia. who ‘were on board the boi valled the sailors in intrepidity. The following is a copy, saya letter from Bucharest, of the Slat ult, of the letter addressed by Prince Stirbey to the Fa traordinary Council of Administration:— The present state of things requiros us to absent ourselves temporsrily fr m our principality. We o orders, the government of the country to the Cou ministration. His Excellency the First Boya ‘an vhilippeseo, President of the Council, will come to an us derstanding #ith he States of the peparenen ts to prev the interruption of basiness, to keep up activity. The most importent affairs shall bmisted to the Council of Administration for ite opinion BARBA DEMETRIUS STIRBEY. JOHN MANU, Secretary of Stato. The Lieyd, of Vieni; Publishes the following as the text of ne of Prince Gortachakoif to the summons of Omer Pacha, of which so many contradictory versions have been given: Bucwanssr. Sept. 28 (10th October.) Muchir—I have the henor to inform your Ex- T yesterday morning received tho lotter which You sdurotsed to me under date of the zich. Without on- ering into an examination of that communisation, £ think it my duty to inform jour Excollemoy that from the Emperor, my master. to treat for pe: the evacuation of the principalities by the troop: my command. Receive, Monsiour lo Muchir, the assurance of my high consideration. PRINCE GORTSCHAKOFF. To sis Excellency OurR Pasa, ‘The Journal de Constantinople gives the follovirg oficial account of the late alfair on the Danube. I translace it textually, but have reason to believe that this affcay was much more serious than is here rep esented :— ‘Thursday an extraordinary courier arrived, brioging fea 23d of Octobsr -the 10 the thea yur le th abi y ial rial army passed the Danube at Pe od into she Kuseian camps, where they made some prisoners, whom they brought back with them, recressing the river. About forty Arass likewis to the island of Teh ter which thi fortunate exploits si both by musketry and artillery, which has, howe hur} any of the courageous soldiers belonging to the impe- rial army. A letter from Berlin says :-— M. de Menzebach, and the other consuls and agents of Prussia in Moldavia and Wallach eived orders to maintain the same relations with’ the now suthoritios av wish the Hospod ir For some time past oticed in the langus ‘the oot to Prussia—it has become THE WAR VIEWS 1N ENGLAND. [From the London Times, November 16. Much uncertainty still prevails respecting the actual incidents of the Wallachian war. No confirmation has been yet received of the report which announced a deci- sive epgagen ent near Krajova, terminating in favor of the Torks; while, on the other hand, a rumor has been lately obtaining currency, to the effect that the Russians have achieved & complete victory in a pitched battle, A fortnight ago we might have accepted the latter notifca- tion as an exceedingly natural piese of intelligence; but at present we hesitate before attaching credit to tidings so wicely differing from the information hitherto trans- mitted © The rumor in question implies that a battle bad occurred under the walle of Bucharest, and that the Turks had retired across the Danube into Bulgaria, after experiencing severe lon in the obscurity which envelopes all these proceedicgs ha we are unabletoray what degree of probabi statement actually carries. If the affair at Oltenite subsequently the encounter between Kalefat and K have been. as we believe, correctiy reported, it i ingly unlikely that a Russian force could have centrated under tne walls of Buctarest in sufficient | strength and spirit to repulse the victorious troops of Omer Paska; but, if the story ofthe battle in Lesser Wal- laehia is untrue, or, as now appears most likely, onl: another version of the eogagement at Oltenitza, and the main body of the Russians had not before been brought into action, it is possible that thiszew report may | ress some foundation. Nothing is stated, however, from | which we can infer what particular bedy or detachment ofthe Turks had experienced this defeat at Bacharest. As far as we can apprehend with any clearness or certain- tainty the relative views or pcsitivas of the two com: mat ders, the prospects of the campaign appeared reoent- 1, to be a8 f lows:—The Turks had crossed the Danubeat S-vera) points between Turtubai and Widin. At the for- mer of these two places, as alto at Giurgevo, they were {a a direct line tothe Russian headquarters at Bucharest, ard rot more than some sixty miles distaxt. At Oiteoit= za, opposite Turtuh ai they had established themselves, afier an encounter of even greater severity than was at first reported, in a strength of 18,000 men; bat whether they met with the same rucce-s at Giurgevo has not yet been learnt. Gturgevo wax stropgly garrisoned by the Rursians, and regarded by Prince Gortschakof! ass place of great importance to his position at Bucharest ‘That the Turks attacked it we know,and that they even stcrmed it }as been mere than once reported; but no confirmation of this assertion has yet arrived. At neither of these ite, however, was the main force of the Ottomans rep- rerented as engaged. Their chief live of operations was said to lie between Kalefat—the pcint opposite Widdin— and Krejova;1o that the Turkish commander might either advance upon the right flank of the Russians by way of Slatiza, cr draw their main force npon himself in Lesser Wallachia, while his other divisions at Giurgevo and Ol- tenitza might march upon Bucharest, thus denuced of support. This was the alleged position of the Ottomans. The Russians, it was said, were concentrated in strength between Krajova and Slatina, under General Dannen! with a yererve under PrinceGortashakoff at Bucharest. The battle reportei in the telegraphic despatches of last weed appeared to answer in description to the rela- tive poritions o: the Kalefat division of the Turks and the Russian force underGen. Dannenberg, and it was assorted, asthe reader will remember, that the latter had retire: upon Bucharest with very considerabiy loss. On this supporition we shoul} put but little faith in the rumor that another battle had now occurred at Bucharest with resulta favorable to the Russians. for, as Gen. Dannen- berg would probably hare been closely followed in his re- treat by the Turks from Kal and these might be joined oy ,their victorious comrades from Oltenitza, it is ‘obviously ‘unlikely that the successful forces in combina- tion would be beaten by the defeated forces in combins- tion, On the other hand, if reports of the encouate: ia Lerser Wallachia all referred in reality to the one affair at Oltenitzs and if, after this repulse had bean experi- enced, Prince Gr rtechakofl and Gen. Daunenberg have gain’ fallen with united forces on the Turks, the for tune of war may possibly Lave been reversed. In this case the late rumor of a battle favorable to the Russians | may polct to the renewal of the engarwment at Oitenites by Prince Gortschakoff in person aod with forces superior to those of the Turks. This, however, even if unfavora- ble in its results to Omer Pasha’s troops, would hardly be Gec'sive of the campaign; for the fo:ce of the Turks thas defeated would probably have rot iccladed mors than the origins] Cetachmest which had crossed from Tartukai the main body of the Ottomans remait ing still uamolest in Lesser Wallachia At other points,6o, the Tarks reperted as fortifying themselves in ste ng positi the left bank of the river, and if the whole force of the ingle division at Oltevitzs, the Octomans must still be tm strength enough to encourter Prince Gortachakoil, weakened as he neces. tarily must be by the severity of this engagement. It ig not improbable, however, that this ramor of the Russi suecess may reiton no foundation at all, although, if Prince Gortschakeff did really, upon intelligence of the confilet a Oitemitza, advance upon that place with all th force at hia command to renew the encouats it is ck that we ought to expect decisive tidings either of his victory or his defeat. At present the accounts of the con tending forces, their commanders, and theie positions, are so contradictory, that it ix diflicult to arrive at anv conclusion. The Russians at Oltenitzs sre reprecented sometimes as Gi ‘i Perloff’s, and sometimes as General Dannenberg’s division; and the latter commander is de scribed in one report as being et Krajova, and in another as being at Bucharest. One anticipation of ours, it will be seen, is already verifiee—viz , that the supe:iori:y of the Turkish force at Ultenitza was considerably overrated. ‘The very vagueness, however, of ail there assumptioas is sufficient to show the conjsctural character of the specu ations to which, im the absence of authenticated intelligence, we are com;elled to recur. It may be quite porrible that no engagement eed been fought of a na- ture calculated to decide the qualities of the two armies, but it appears to us, nevertheless, that the current of all reports is against the Russians. That the Ottomans would not be impertially treated by the purveyors of such intelligepee is well known, whereas all the incident; suc- cess ively related teil in their favor, and the accumulated evidence becomes very appreciable, even where its coin 90 nent parts are slight. We know that the Turks crossed the Denude, and that at each point of their passage they eucceeced in establishing themselves either without mo- Jestation or in defiarce of attack. We know that Princs rischakof! did not st once aseail them, as might have xpected from the commander of forses 40 presump- tively superior. We knew for certain, that at Olteniua the Turks remained masters of the field after a conflict of great severity, and there ix rearon to surmise that they have been succersful eleewhere. Perhaps better informs tion, when it does arrive, may, by qualifying some of these incidents, or balancing them by others yet unkaown, im rove the case cf the Russians; but that this should ever jave fallen into ite prerent position mut still, we think, rem.in a proof that much inisconception orecailed re: specting their strength aud resources ja the Danubian principalisier. THE EFFECT OF THE WAR IN FRANCE, [From the Paria Moniteor (official,) Nov. 12 } The Journal de St. Petersbourg, in its number of the £0 of November, coniains a new manifesto from the Km- peror of Russia, We give this docament further on, but we consider it necestary to preface it by gome obsirva- tions. The question now in dispute between the cabinet of 8 Petersburg and the Sat lime Porte in at present well known, and the proportions which it has artumed, in spite of he ¢fforts of the diplomatists of Kurope, ¢o not change ite origin. The affair of the Holy Places of Jerusalem be- ing ‘erminated Prince Menschikoff laid olsim, in the name of bis government, to certain guarantees for the mainte nance of the privileges of the Kastern Church. The guarantees related altogether to the future, as no partic ular fact, 60 complaint from the Patriarch of Constanti- | ncpla, bad been brought forws.d in support of the demand oft nhoveatcr of Rutssin, ont the sadline Porte liad ' just © ufcmed spontaneous’y all the apir! (monwaities of the Greek community. The solicitude of the Emperor Nicholas for s religious creed which is that of the majori ty of bis people consequently hai no immediate object ; nevertheless, France. Austria, Great Britain and Prussia, recommended the Sublime Porte to respond to it by ag surances compati le with the digvity of the Sultan and the integrity of his sovereign rights. The Conference of Vienna imagined that it had found a form of drawing up a note which would prove satisfastory to both parties. When that note was submitted to the Divan, objections vere made to it which the powers regretted, but which, however, they considered it their duty to pay such atten tion to as to advise the cabinet of St. Petersburg to ad- mit them. Not oply did that Cabinet refuse to do so, but the explanations into which Count de Nerselrode entered to account for the rejection of the modifications proposed by Rercbid Pacha, were of such @ nature that France, Austria, Great Britain, and Prussia, by common accord, sdmultted that it was no longer possible for them to re- commend the Porte to accept purely and simply the Vienna note. It was in these circumstances thet tre Sultan adopted the course of declaring war. That Sove- reign acted in the plenituce of his responsibility; bat it is not exact to say, as the Russian nifesto does, that ‘the principal powers of Europe have vainly endeavored, by their exhortations, to shake the blind obstinacy of the Ottoman Porte.” The principal powers of Europe, aud in particular France and England, on the contrary, recog- nized that if their conciliatory action was not exhaw ted, the arrangement t> be made ought not any longer to be concluded on conditions of which the cabinet ot St. Pe- tersburg had itself undertaken to prove the danger. The manifesto terminates by declaring that nothing now re- wains for Russia, provoked as she was to combat, but to have recourse to arms to force Turkey to respect treaties; butit does not mention any clauses of such treaties which had been violated by the Porte. By the treaty of Rut chuk-Kainardjt, the Porte engaged to protect the Chris- tian worship in all ita churches. The addresses which the Armenian and Greek communitles have just pre- sented to the Sultan prove their gratitude for the recent benefits of his Highness. The treaty of Adrianople con- firms in favor of the principalities of Moldavia and Wal- lachia advantages and pri 4, which the Porte has re- epected even to the point of not recalling the Hospodars Stirbey and Ghiks, who at present quit power, not in consequence of a firman of the Grand Seignor, bat owing to the orders of General Prince Gortschakoff, which their ubjects of the Sultan did not permit them any to cxecute, The tame treaty of Adrianople fixes ‘ruth asthe boundary of the two empires; but thit river was croseed in the midst cf peace by a Russian Zhe Turks, in crossing the Danute in their turn, do it is the Ottoman ‘empire, such as it 1s determined by treaties, which they are endeavoring to defend ayainst an aggrenion, the date of which goes back sev:ral months. Our intention cannot be to enter bere in a use- less cixcussion, but it has appeared to us indispensable to reestablish, as we comprehend it, the truth as to the real situation of things. [From the Paris Pays, Nov. 12.] Tt was not cereaie ts Cxracietl that the Ozar would re- present himseif in the wrong in theeyes of the populs- tion of his empire; but itis difficult to understand that he hoped to make his people, and beth the re wit ness of ali that has taken place within the t eight months, believe that it is the O\toman Porte which has violated treaties sgainst Russia, and re:ponded by vio levee and aggression to the means of amicable persuasion employed by the Emperor of Russia! The embassy of Prince Menschikoff, the ultimatum of the 6th May, the passage of the Pruth, the invasion of the Ottoman terri- tory, the circular, and the examination of M. de Nessel- rode, are still remembered by all, avd form a painful con- trast with the affirmations ot the new Russian manifesto. Th ne consoling thing for the dignity of nations, and that 0 see Russia invoke herself, in de- fence of ber blameable conduct, the sight of treaties. In #0 doing, she recognises implicitly and avows the justice of the reproacbes which may be addressed to those who violate sacred compacts, and thus weaken the basis on which repose the future and the equilibrium of political societies! What will be further remarked in the mani- festo of Russia is the religious excitation which breaks out at almost every line, and which terminates in a bibli- cal exclamation. We bave shown, 1 previous articles, that Turkey nas bad the prudence not to make either a war of religion or a revolutionary war. Less prudent, or more fanstical, Ru sia places the discussion both on the tender grour d of a conflict against the revolution, and of a sort of crusade for the advantage of the orthodox faith. This difference suffices to cause the question to be jodged. mm the Paris Siecle, Nov. 17.] Rusria dares to declare that she haa beeu provoked to war! Speaking to people whom he may deceive at dis cretion, the Czar tells them also that the principal powers of Europe bave united their efforts te hia own, in order to overcon ¢ the blind obstinacy of the Porte. Natiors who have not been despoiled by despotism of their intelligence know what r-liance there ia to be placed on che autocratic assertion of hin Majesty Nicholas I. Toe Porte has been #0 little blind tbat it bas dt covered in the note of Vienna all the intersti through which Muscovite astuteness and ambition hoped to cut out a road for itself to the boscm of the Ottoman Empire. Asto the powers, it will svfice to mention that after the explanations of M de Nesselrode, Austria bas admitted that a collective action in favor of the note of Vienna was impossible, and that France and England have declared that there woulc be a want of good faith in any longer pressing the Porte to accept that note, On both sides, therefore, we hate now the certainty that war for some time at least becomes the arbiter of the ‘An appeal is made on both sides to religious feelings. with this difference, that, to the honor ef the modern Turks, they combat at the same time their independence as a nation and for their faith. and that they! ave hoisted on their standard ‘the civilizing sign of religious liberty. It in Russia that raises the standard of religious, political, and civil d-sput- ivm. Toentertain»py Coubt that this standard will be forced to draw back is to have no faith either in the two great nations of Europe or in the providential law of pro om the Paris Constitationnel, Nov. 14.] iwaya a grave matter to discuss the language of a ruvereign who speaks to the world. But whatever re- spect and whatever esteem we may have for the person and character of the Czar, it is impossible for us not to express the feeling of extreme surprise and profound re gret which is proc uced ip our minds by the attitude which he bas thought fit to assume. The special interests of France are not directly concerned in the Eastern question —it is the general cause of right and the balince of power in Europe which are engaged in it, more then her personal cause. But all that concerns these points Ywuches her honor, ber security, and her influence, too nearly toallow her to regard with indifference a line of conduct which deeply offends equity, and to with impassibility a lavguage which clasbes with the truth. We bave not forgotten the services which the Cear ren- dered to civilization in the days of political disorder and tocial peril. Yer e not entil with at present voring to efface the remembrance of thore same serviees from the minds of all? But there are duties above the claims which the Czar may have to the gratitude of nations; and these we shallendeavor to fulfil with propriety, but with firmness. Public opinion must not be misled as to the origin and character of the contest which has commenced in the East; and what- may be the termiration of that sanguinary struggle, the world must bear in mind that the moral re- sponsibility of the evils which may arise from it sre to be attributed altogether to the Emperor of Russia. Io his second, as im his first manifesto, the Ozar reprerents him, redresser of ee defender of the faith, aud an x of victims. To hear his lan gusge one would realiy imagine that the rayas, oppressed in their liberty and religion, are raising towards him their suppliant hands. If he is to be bel he is complishing a holy mission, and is the Ged in raving believers from peree idolatry. In the month of the Czar's a notzew. It is now upwar { half a century since Catharine II., the wirthy hierres of Peter the Great's ambitious policy, used the same language when she was troubling by her intrigues Poland, which she was soon to reduce by her arms—Poland, which she desired to protect in her worthip, only to annihilate in her nation- ality. Every ore knows but too well what that unfortu- nate country bas become. At preseat the language usod is already the rame. Time will see if the conduc: wil be also similar. But would not one say ‘hat the Empe- ror Nicbelas is endeavoring to copy history, sogreat is the resemb/aace which already exists bet ween the course which he is adopting in his intercourse with the empire of the Sultap and that which Catherine followed with ths Kings of Poland? 1s there not in that resemblance a marked lesa n, which ought not to be lost either in Tur- hoy or in Europe? Can Europe and Turkey, whilst still Delieving in the sincerity of the Czar, place absolute trust in protestations which bis acts disavow, and ought they not to fear that he is medite ing egainst Constanti nople what the Fmpreas Catherine has realized against Warsaw’ Does not the attitude which the Emperor has, from the ve-y euteet, axsumed in the Eastern question lead to the belief that be thinks the moment hes come to prepare the absorption of Turkey into his vast empire? [From tte Paris Asemblée Nationale, Nov. 14] Ater the article of the Moni/zur we have 00 need to re- mark on the mani esto of the Emperor of Russia. It 18, benides, asserted that the circular despatch addressed by M ce Ness@lroce to the Russian agents in the different couits of Evrope, in transmitting to them the manifesto, is wore pactic im tone. Ia that document Rasvia, it ia raid, protests that her devire is to ree the dilfsranco bs: tw: én her and the (ttowaa Porte terminated by the mode of negotiation. That contresvia the lax guage used is easy to be comprehen fer. In the imanifes<o the Emperor Nicholas apeaks to his subjests, while in his diploms:is circulars he addrerten Europe," Berides, all these d mente love the greatest part of their imp: rtance in {acs of the late ovents. The Turkish army has crossed the Panabs, ard the sword is drawn, It ia even annouaced that th» sians Rave been worsted; that the Tarks are victorious, warcbing on Bucharest’ ard that this is only the pro: Jace to bew and brilliant succemes, We wish we could rhare in that confidence; but we must confess that in the face of these first advantages obtained by the Tarke we cannot help thinking of the sucsesses by which the army of King Charles Albert marked the opening of t campaign of 1848, The first bulletins were magnificent, nn on all points the Austrians were obliged. to give way. But every one recollecta the termination of the war by the battle of Novarra. ‘Thus, the first auccesses of the Terke give us but little eovfidence in their future good fortune. If it ia true that at the moment that Omer Pacha received the order to suspend hostilities he could atill bave stopped short and that he did not dare do #0 frm an apprebension of what the Ottoman {fanaticism might do, we much regret that course of conduct, which in in our opinion a decided proof of weakness, On the other band may it not be that the movement of retreats of- fected by the Russians may be connected with some plan, some piece of tactics, some desire to draw the Turks into the interior of the country? Bat we have no intention here to indulge in conjectures concerning strates ical mat- ters We only know one thiog—that the last news doos not shake our profound conviction that peace would have been more useful to the Ottoman empire than war. | It ix oa account of the serious interest which ve attach to the preservation of that empire, so necessary to the ba latce of power in Furope,that we would have praferred that it had not determined to brave all the hazards of a struggle the final results of whieh no one can without rashness attempt to predict. It is THE LAST RUSSIAN CIRCULAR. The foliowing circular which appears in all the London papers, loses its importance, consideriog that ita date is anterier to the proclamatioa of war. It is the last circu- lar of M. de Nessolrode to the Russian diplomatic agents at the various courte of Ea) {Ot 31) 1859 ing for tho if our cutoroncy ib the ' hitherto ‘pewved feultioes, Fy day to become more unfavorable. | Whilst. 1 PeTOE, wt his interview at Olmuts, with bis intimate frien Be per 1 fresh facili pt ic tives aasigaod by us for has desired to in- ove dri notwithstanding the trary of the Eu Topean represent: St Constantinople, to the impulse of warlike ideas, f Or ly declared War on us, aa you hay learn d I jon the resolu tions mentioned at the very outest in our circular of July. At that peried. his Majesty deglared that, in occupy- ing temporacily the Prine'palitics ade materia’ pledge, dos. tived to atevre to him the tion whish he demanded, bebadn eh to carry co: vo measures forthe that he would avoid an cffen fing ‘ered and his interests would allow, timo, aut in spite of the new provocation which has just been addroraed to bim, the intentions of py Auguet msster remain the same. vided with the material pledge which the occupation of two Danubian Provinces affor’s us, alth rendy, according to our promises, to moment that proper reparation has been given Content curselves provisionally with maiutaint tions there, romalving on the defensive ns long as. w shail not have been foreed to qnit the circly within which we Gcsire to confine our action. We will await the attack of the Turks, without asneming the initiative of host Twill, consequently, depend altogethes on the other Powers not to en faroeithe limits of thewar 4 the Turks should persiat tn abio Intély commeneing it and not to impart to it a character dif- ferent from that which we intend to leave it ‘This sivuation, Aitocecher of an expectant character, does not throw any ob: Htacte in any way of continuing the negotiations, Avis tobe expected, after the declaration of war which has been mad it he not for Russia to. seck for uew oxpediente oF to assu overtures of conciliation. But i ik more enligltencd as to ber own inver fd to put. forward or to receive fat IL not be from the Emperor that to their being taken int 001 tir, is what at presont wo aro allowed to you in our incertitude as to whether the Ottoman Po will immediately carry out the warlike projects which she has just adopted. Stave our oventual intentions to the net to which you are accredite at the desire of our augvat_m ossible the cirel ve war as lon, THE EMBARGO ON TURKISH SHIPPING. A notification from the Russian Minister of Finance, gives warning that an embargo will be laid on Turkish vessels in Russian harbors on the 221 of November. Oo and after that date, Turkish merchant vessels will be de clared lawful prizes, even although they may have other than Turkish property on board. Neutral flags will be respected even after the commencement of hostilities, The following is the text of the announcement:— November 5, 1853, In consequence of war having been declared against Russia by the Ottoman Porte, the Minister of Finance consicers it fit to make the following communications to traders, The warlike operations which Turkey has al- ready begua against Russia put a pe to all direct inter- course between their réspective subject ; nevertheless the Porte has laid no embargo on Russian vessels lying in her ports, and in her proolawation promised to grant them a limited period for their free departure for what- ever port they may please: at the same time the Porte promised not to hinder the free e of merchant ships of friendly powers through the Straita leading to ‘the Black Sea. Premoted by feelings of justice, the Russian govern- ment, on its part, offers a free exit to the Turkish vessels that happen to be in her ports up to the 10th (22d) Nor- ember, of this year; furthermore, it even after the expi- ration of this date, our cruisers should fall in with Turk- ish vessels loaded with goods belonging to the subjects of those powers with whom Russia is in friendly intercourse, their cargoes shall be recognized as inviolable if the ships documents prove that they were loaded by the mentioned date. Further, as the Porte has not exempt- ed the mercantile navy of Russia from the rigorous measures which are justified by the rales of war, so our cruisers also will chase Turkish merchant ships on the sea, andin theevent of capture, the veasels them- selves, as well as their cargoes, will be considered as right- ful sea prizes, althongh the cargoes seized under Turkish floga may not have been Turkish prop rty, but belong :o a subject of a friendly power. To the navigation of m:r- chant ships of neutral nations, even during warlike ope- racions cp the part of Russia, full freedom will be allowed. Commercial craft, under neutral flags, will, as heretofore, be permitted to enter and lezve our ports at will. Be- sides this, in consequence of the rupture of that general intercourse between Odessa and Constantinople which was carried on by Russian steamers, our goverament, ap- -preciatingtthe importance of this intercourse to trade in geveral, bas empowered the company, (Lloyd’s,) during the war, to keep up the regular communication between Odessa and Constantinople by means of steamers, in which they are at liberty to transport not only passengers and goods, but also correspondence. TURKEY AND A NEW TREATY OR NONE. ‘The aris Siecle says that a letier of the 30:h ult., from Constantixople, announces that the Turkish goverament has definitively set aside the project of arrangement pro- posed by Lord Redeliffs, Reschid Pacha has declarec, in the nyme of the ministry and of the grand council of the empire, that the war having broken out in spite of the forbearance shown by the Porte, there was no eee any question of the solution of a special point. A new treaty must now regulate the relations between Turkey and Rus- sia, and the Sultan hopes, with the aid of God and his al- lier, that the new treaty will raise a solid barrier against that Russian ambition that incessantly endangers the ace of the world. But with any negotiation having for ts starting point the recent Vienna diplomacy, Turkey will have nothing to do. ADDRESS OF THE GREEKS TO THE SULTAN. ‘the following is the address lately ented to the Sul- tonand signed by nume:ous Greeks in Constantinople:— We the un¢ersigned, metropolitans, notablos, and mouhte: sary of the Greek natior, inhabiting Constantinople, jects of the just and clement Sulian (may ho reien'furever), take the liberty humbly to trosoat this address in order 10 e Imperial Majesty our profvund gratitude fer Privileges which be h: upon our p or ation, enjoyin qvillity in the shade’ cf his clem nimity, Pencirated with the dutios that suoh gratitude imposes on ance of xo valued # life. riatch, His Majesty, the lotion Sulten, ds igned to accord the distinguished of an Im- Perial audience to the Patriaroh Anthemo: pright: a ine! im to im, according to our an- nover cessed to Lavish the most perfect tran- ‘aud Imptrial magna. ness, justice, integrity, the post to which we bav cient national laws in fore His Imperial Majesty, our august Aeigning, in the § " bim on this oc Sovereign of his p a8 thought fit to sanction his spi copsifering the distinguished our Patriarsh, faithful subject of Sultan, has been the object, ou: joy, with heads tncovared and ven with the warm: fo) subjects, whom he mak rious and patraal. THE RUSSO-INDIAN ALLIANCE. {From the Loucon Times, Nov. 15.] ‘assispation of Colonel Mackeson at Peshawur, rumered alliance between Dost Mshomed and tre h of Persia, and the renewal of Russian de‘igns on a, seem to have thrown public mird of India into something approaching tos panic. Dire are the forebod- ings of evil to which there real and imaginary occurren- cies bave given rire, and great appears to be the dread lest the northern vulture, with Moldavia and Wallachia in one claw and Khiva in the other, should stretch forth its Cevouring beak towards eur fair possessions in India. Atlases are consulted and distances measured, and i! is proved, with all the cogency of infallible demonstration, bared 6: Ape le premises, that, while we are think- ing of the balance of power in Europe, we are ex, to wry in minent davgtr from the remote centre of Asia. ‘The events of the Turhish eampsign may do something to- wards reasearing us on this head. and satisfying us that if a Rustian army were set down in the very midst of the pisiza of Hindosian ita career would in all probability anything but an unbroken triumph. Witha large army inured to the climate, provided with an exe: llent artillery, and baving a superiority in csvalry which it would be quite certain to retsin, a much more formids- ble enemy than has ever yet issued from the desolate steppes of the north, descending without horses and with- out guns, from the narrow defiles of Afghanistan, would find himself quite unable to cope. If the constitution of the Russian soldier is so feeble, and his frame eo little braced to the ¢ncurance of fatigue, that his path is every: where marked by the sick and the dying, even {n coun. tries rimilar to his own—if in Europe and in Northern Asis fever aid famine hang ever on his track, decimating and rececimating the bost—if under such circums'ances srmies melt away and ditappear unsmitten by the swerd, but mowed own by those elen ents of destruction which they bear along with them, how much more will this be tbe case in the burning piaing of tropical India, without a commistsriat, without a date of opera:ions, without knowledge of the country, without means of crossieg her vant deserts or bridging her mighzy rivera, with no shade by day #nd no rent by night ? til, the prorpect of fighting im India for the pos: sien cf India, with another European power, has som thing in it startling to weak nerves. It is, therefore, con ‘atory to think how little chance there 1s of our bei put so such an extremity, and how many impossibilities must combine before an army could come to deliver it self, bound hand ard foot, into our possession there. In the first place, Russia has, to all appearaoce, her hands pretty fullalready. She bas costrived raise against her the indigration of united Europe, and has placed derself in a position in which, to give even a spe ciour color to her proceedings she is obliged utterly to misrepresent the mot notorious fasts, She has attacked an enemy whom she has affected to despise, and has al- ready met with reverses which, whatever successes may be in store for her, have inflicted indelivle disgrace on her arms, Fer troops have shown their usual want of health and endurance, her hospitals are full, and her ranks empty, Money ‘is very scsnty with the power which assumes to dictate to the world, and, if loans are not asked, it ia only because it is well ‘knowa that they would be refused, Under there circumstances, it is sug- gested as. probable contingency that Russia, not cou- tent with having France, Eogiand, and Tarkey on her hus de in the Weet, will seize the .opportunity whish so mny favorable circumstances present, to march to the southt astof the Caspian Ses, in order to wage an obscure war with the wild tribes that dwell on the banks of the Oxus, Itis only thirteen years ago since Russia tried this experiment, and frightened our Indian notabilities into cocupying Afighanistan, where they overlooked th ments of discontent, rebellion and destruction, actuall fermenting under their feet, in order to turn their terri- fied gaze on the impending conquest of in¢epsndent Tar tary, and the proximate sxbjugation of Central Asia, Bui the panie was of thort continuance. Sn ath lence and famine did their usual work on the Ru: The plains of the Great Dexert are white with the bon of men, of horses, ond of camels, ani the expedition perished before it reached the confines of the land which it was interded to anbdue, Lat ua, however, suppose tor A moment these obstacles overcome—let us uppene tl by rome incredible exertion, Russian steamers have launched on the Sea of Aral, and thus, by the of the Oxus, the dangers of the Great Desert have been avoided. Sill, the difficuliies of an expedition to Iadia would haroly have ermmencrd, a wide tract of dexolate country, where supplies ore few, and thieves and marau- ders mapy, would etill have to be crossed before the foot, ‘of thore mighty mountaina could bs reached which form the patoral barrier of Northern Hindostan. How lit: {s able to supply the vast commissariat expenditure re- quized even tor = small force, may be ji from the feeble me? with which, after all her boastiogs, ehe has seized ‘material guarantee” comprised between the Proth amd the Daaube. Once more, let us suppose this be , crotsing of » with which the Alps, which offered so formidable a re sistance to Hannibal, were but a puny barrier. The rug- ged mountaineers of the little St Bernard could offer but a trivial resistance compared with the race, fickle, ferocious, turbulent, treacherous, and fama- tical, never less to be trusted than when they offer friead. ship, mmpatient of the yoke of their own sovereigns, and little tne disposed, a8 we kuow to our cost, to nubateas domination of a stranger. Amid such allies, whose friena- ship is ax dangerous as their enmity, the wayworn army would have to thread i amit ‘paths fatel to beasts of burden, over which it is almost impossible to transport artillery, throug # country destitute of provisions, rade and inhospitable in its features, and extreme and im clement in its climate. An army that had succesrf overcome all these difficulties might excite wonder for their endurance, compassion for their hardsbips, and eu- riosity on account of the strange incidents cf so long @ journey, but cowardice itself could hardly convert them to an object of terror. At the usual rate of +pead at which large bodies of men can be moved, such 9 march could not be accomplished in one, oor perhaps in twe years, and we inquire in vain what resting place is to re- ceive the pilgrims during the severe winter of those ele- vated regions. The worst of an imaginary danger is, that it often leads . Thus, while McNaghten was Ka ab <e movements of the Russians, his teleseopic glance refused to rest on the great con- apeies which was twiving those meshes around hia, im which he was to fall an unavenged and ingloiions victim, So it may ibe in India, While we ase dreaming of the Russians we may be neglecting causes of danger nearer ae ‘There fey Gea in our assessments of land; ere is corruption in our courts and in our diplo: '. Our Sepoys how little attachment to our European of cers, and the efficiency of the native army is declining. We squender our money in wars, and have but just awoke to the necessity of useful works. These are causes of danger tar nearer than the Caspian or the Osus. THE POSITION OF THE HOSTILE ARMIES. Out of the confused and contradictory statements that are circulated, our correspondent endeavors to elucidate the respective position of the hostile armies. The Austrians have 40,000 men spread along their from- tier. The Frensh and British have a ficet in the sea of Mar- mora. The Russians have a fleet of about thirty heavy ships on the Black Sea. ‘The Turks have & fleet of about equal strength, and under the command of an Englishman (Admiral Hade), part before Constantinople and part in the Black Sea. The Turks have 200 gun boats on the Danube; the Rus- sians about half that number. ‘The Turks, in alliance with the Circassians, and having as auxiliaries many tried soldiers of Hungary, have a force in Asia that gives the Russians enough to do to hold their own. The Russians have now in the Principalities 85,000 ser- viceable men, and 12,000 in hospital. Their headquar- ters are at Bucharest, defended by some hundred heavy guns. The army operates in two divisions, commanded respectively by Gen. Dannenberg (already flogged), and Gortschakoff. The latter can bold his various positions with suitable garrisons, and spare 24,000 men for the field, either in conjuzction with Dannenberg, or on hig own hook. They have communication open with Russia, are well equipped, and pasvably well provisioned. Strong reinforcements of infantry are on the way, but cannot reach for five weeks. Cavalry reinforcements are not in- tended to be sent until spring. Old Paskiewitch is to take the :ommand and the Emperor, it is expected, will come near the seat of war. War being now formally de- clared, the Russian generals may act on the defensive, if they can. The Turks having crossed the Danube, are established atten points, namely, Kalarasch, opposite Silistria; at Oltenitza; at an island opposite Guirgevo, (but not at Guirvego itself, which is still held by the Russians, although semi-occasionally bombarded by the Turks across the river;) at Simnites, at Turns, at Kale- fat, where they have 42,000 men; at Rustchuck, and at Silistria. There are, besides, movements along the Turkish ride of the Danube that indicate an attempt om the part of the Turks to cross lower down the stream, at Galates perhaps, with a view to turn the Russian flank, Omer’s quarters, and base of the Tarkish operations, are atShumla, He has already—taking the medium of com flicting statements—80,000 men across the river, and am equal number between the Danube and the Balkan, His troops are well armed, equipped, fed, and,in the mean- time, paid, and he bas in his army officers of skill. ‘The Vienna correspondent of the London Times, writing November 10, says:—We learn that reinforcements are hurrying from Bessarabia and the soutbeast of Poland towards the Pruth; but there isa ‘screw loose some- where,” for the vanguard of Osten-Sacken’s corps had not reached Jasay on the Sth. Prince Gertechakoff has infermed the Wallachians that they may serve a, the Turks; if there is no reason to suspoct the loyalty of the volurteers towards Rosels, It ta much foured a& Bucharest that this kind permission will soon be changed nto a command to enter the Russian ranks, and, there- ore, every one whose means permit him to do so is leav- ing the place. The Russian hospitals are more crowded thanever. The Presse has advices of the 4th from Here mannstadt, which, in some degree, explain the cause of he departure of the Hospodare from thelr oapitala, Privee Gortschakoff inquired, ‘ Whethor under such dif- ficult circumstances they felt equal to the task o! sa ry on the government?” The witadrawal from the Pi ties was the reply. Jn Bucharest it is te about to nepotate a loan in the United States; but as the samp mentioned is 300,000,000 piastres, the inhabitants of that city have probabl received some garbled acsount of the intended visit of Namik Pasha to France and England. THE LATEST NEWS. By advices from Constantinople, lst ult., the Tarks ar _Teported to have stormed and cap‘ured the Russias fortress on the Shefkatil (Asis). In addition to this, several other fortresses in Georgia and the Caucasus have fallen into the possession of the Turkish allies, These tcrts are Cartoor, which was taken by the Kurds ; Fahler, by the troops from Damascus ;and Surminé Istrat and Kouehat, by the Bachi-Bozouks. A letter in the Paris Patric, from Constantinople, 20th ult., states thatthe Turkish oruisers had chased some Russians into the harbor of Sebastopol. An absurd rumor was in cizculation for a day or twe, that the Moslems had massacre fifteen hundred Cheis. tians in Thessalonica. Totally untrue. Fisaffection has broken out among the Poles in the Ras sian ranks. Fourbad been summarily shot at Bucharest. The Nuremberg Correspondent publiskes the following from Constantinople, 27th ult.:—The news is confirmed that a rencontre has taken place between the Russiana and Turks in the Caucasus. Tho Rutsians were driven three leagues from their positions. The Turks mow oe cupy the Russian frontier. The Sultan has sont 1,008 purses (135,000f.) as a reward to his victorious troops. The Cvar's declaration of war was read in all the churches of St. Petersburg onthe 4th. There was a re- view cn'the same day, but the declaration was not read te the troops. A corps d’armee was under orders to embark from Odersa for Georgia, to reinforce Prince Woranzoff, whe urgently asks for succor. The embartation of the corpa is, however, countermanded, lest they should fall im with the Turkish fleet, and the corps will be sent to reinforee Gortechakoff. Gortschakoff has issued a proclamation ordering all sub- jects of Turkey to quit the Principalities, He has also ‘Gnvived” the people of the territories to enrol againat the Turks, This last invitation has caused great alarm. The nations] defence of Sorvia goes on with great act vity. District inapectora go from village to village to see that every man is arméa, Later advices ray that Rifaat Pacha, commanding the Turkish army of reserve, had arrived at Sophia, which he will moke bis headquarters. Tne reserve numbers 120,- 000 men, and is ready.either to operate with Ome: Pasha, or to sustain him in case of a defeat. THE LATEST DESPATCHES. Buonarest, Nov. 2, 1863. The Boyars follow the example of the Hospodar, and emigoate. Austria, Transylvania, Huegary, and the Bake- vina, are receiving the principal families, Recruiting de- pots for Wallachians are opened here. A conscription la feared, Bricrane, Oct, 81, 1868, The national arming proceeds with astonishing rapléd- ty. District inspectors go from village to village em- amining every man’s rifle, The Prince and people are of one mind, and parties have disappeared. Plana have been drawn for a system of fortifications for the frontier. Franrort, Nov, 11, 1883. Baron Prokesh Osten has communicated to the Dieta statement respecting the Oriental question, The Pras sian Ambarsador declared that hia government :eserved to iteelf full literty of action, yor 4 Fatmourm, Nov, 13, 1863. The Russian frigate Diana, 62 guns, Captain Lissfoi, from the Baltic, arrived off, and after landiog two pilota, and despatches fur the Russian Minister in Londom, pro- coeded wei tward, Vinwwa, Nov. 14, 1863, It is believed that Omar Pacha will also attempt te crovs the Danube above Galatz, in order to get into Mel. davis ‘The Turkish embassy here have reason to believe that between 90,060 and 100,000 Turks have siready crossed the Danube, The Wanderer publishes @ letter from Bucharest of the Ve Kustia is cayavie vl suck wa ollurt—auw litle abe | Gtu inatant, stattog taat after @ Koried of murderous com-