The New York Herald Newspaper, November 13, 1853, Page 4

a CR RNR EEL A A EE I SE A A RS TR EEE AER N E WW YORK HERALD. We of a portion of the Cabinet to dictate to freemen | Cabinet, andother and better men, of sounder 34R%E8 “Genpon BRNNETT, Y MUPRIETOR AND EDITOR: @PT10R BH %,, CORNER OF FULTON AND pemyetnreeu rt rr SHEP ALY HERALD 2 conte ner 207-281 per cmmum et HE Y /ERKL «LD e aa M eente * pera the Bur Se! te se a peat Bvasaim, ok tind 16169 Vu mail for Subscriptions, or with Adver v. ents to be post paid. or the patage will be devwctod from gmoney rem VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containi Font news solirtel fram any. arter &/ the world. Be there ly pei? for AGH OUR FORK GN “ORK EAPONDENTS ann Ag REQUESTED TO SEAL ALL Lurtane au Pack, ee, ‘NO NUTICE taken BOL rclurn Lidve re oi PRINTING executed with meatness, cheapness and SVERTISEMENTS renewed coery dau anonymous communications. We do = - Welume XVIII AMUSEMENTS TO-KOKROW BVBNLNG, BOWERY THEATRE, Cowery—Love’s Sachivica—Un- wx (norower's Par BROADWAY THEATRE, Brordway—Kirc Lean—Ax- Wervs vi LeorarRa. WI3LO'S, Broadway—t a» ant. BURION’S THEATRE, Chambors street—Amrony ana Wuwerxcuva—Pan ys AND eure THEATRE, Chatham stroet—Usonm Tom's arae. 8 THEATA+, Broadway—Love amp Money ann Pus c. MUSEUM—Atvrncoe—-Wanprrisc Min- kvening--UNcLe Tom's Canim. amnic: @ren — Lim: ick Hor. YRANCONT'S HIPPODSOME, Madison square—Actor and (—Exeush STecrue Cusse—Ouanior 1@, do. BOWERY AMPHITHEATRE, 57 Bowery—BquxsTkiay RMANCES. ITY'S AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broadway Owias MeLopias sy Cxukisry’s MinsTRELs, Minstrel Hall, 444 Brood- WOOD'S MINSTREL’S, Woo “qway—Erniorias eee. 5 BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, 6 689 Broadway—Bvcezay’s arnoras Orera TRovrs. BANVARD’S GEORAMA, 606 MA, 696 Brosdway—Paxonaua or Ph hs Lanv. HOPE CHAPEL, 713 Broadway—Paanxeversin's Pawo ama oy Nracana. RHENISH GALLERY, 663 Brondway—Day and Eroning. IGNOR BLITZ—Srvvvesanr [nerrrvTe, 669 Broadway. ACADEMY BALL, 6 weriom oF THY Szvus 3 Brosdw: Peauan’s Girt Exar ee Min R POWELL'S GREAT NATIONAL PAINTING vor tHe TLRNMEMT 16 NOW OPEN AT THE NaTiONal ACADERY OF ox, 663 Broadway. New York, Sunday, November 13, 1853, The News. ‘The steamship America reached Boston at a late hour last night. Our correspondent has fornished some further particulars with regard to the Russ? Turkish difficulty, compiled from the latest journals published in France and England, which will be yead with interest. So far as concerns the actaal condition of affairs in the Hast there is little to add to the comprehensive summary of the news alrealy given by telegraph from Halifax. However, the tone of the French and English papers seem to indi- cate that war was inevitable and that the respective wovernments were actively preparing to confront it. Advices ftom Havana t> the Sth instant announce that considerable excitement had been produced throughout the island,in consequence of rumors of revolts and the re-appearance of the revolationary paper, Vox de! Puchla. In addition, it is reported that a vessel recently appeared off Baracoa and hoisted a signal of distress, wherenpon the fort was instantly attacked by a party of seventy men on horseback. Some of the assailants were captured ‘and at last accounts were on their to Havana. Se veral suspected persons had also been arrested at Havana. Should these repor's prove mainly correct, of which there is little doubt, it shows that the old pirit of opposition to the Spanish dynasty is still alive on the island, and will not be stayed until the y ke of Spaia is thrown off forever. We have a month’s later in‘elligence from the Valley of the Great Salt Lake—the half-way house o California overland emigration. The news is not im portant, but will he found both novel and entertain ing. The address of Brigham Young, the Presideat, the Governor, the ruling spirit, the adviser, tempor au ‘and spintus Mormon community given at length, a rth an attentive per is full of wise conrsel is brethren, and sha admonitions to all those whose hearts foster eril, or whore thonghts mn antagor to thoee of their sanient ruler. The Utah Indians since last advices have Leen more quiet, only killing a few men, and ropning off with a small quantity of grain and vegetables, which the Mormons at the time were very much in need of. faith in a continued peace that they had resolved to build a wall aroucd Great Salt Lake City to protect the citizens from any sudden inc jon of the sa rages, and render the city impregnable to foes. As In @ians as well as white men are considered very un- were advised to watch and pray cattle stealers. lings of what will most likely consti- tute portions of the President's message, and the necomponying reports from the departments, are foreshadowed in the despatch from our special cor- respondent at Washington. Many of them are of considerable importance to the mercantile commu- nity, especially those relating to the intentions of The Secretary of the Treasury with regard to the tariff, &c. The advocates of river and harbor and gener internal imprevements, have, it is believed, lit expect at the bands of the present administration, fo far as the gral of sppropriations is concerned. Gen. Pierce will, it is asserted, adhere to a strict construction of the cighth of the constitution, which, so far as relates to the subject, simply gives to Congress the power to es tablish post rontes—therefore any bill that trans- cends this limit will probably be vetoed. it is understood that the administration contem plates giving our wh naval system a complete overhauling. If poss new and substantial ves sels, constructed by the most experienced maritime architects, be substituted for most of the oldand useless lulks y in the se ; and as for many of the dilapidated commanders, they will be placed on n retired and their stations filled by young, active and energetic officers—men who are not only willing but folly of doing their duty. Jobn Van Boren had an interview with the Presi dent yexterday, but our correspondent facetiously remarks that the Prince “ was not invited to dinnor this time.” The W: ton Union has full returns from New Jersey, but hes not yct heard of the election in New York, which took place on the same day. If the mails have failed, the fault is between the toot of Cortlandt street and Jersey City. By telegraph from Jackson we are assured that the entire democratic State and Congressional ticket has been elected in Mississippi, the former bel majority of at least six thousand. The majority on joint ballot in the Legislature will be abont twenty-five against Governor Moote’s party. The democratic ticket headed by William Barstow, for Governor, has undoubtedly succeeded in Wiseon. sin by @ sweeping wajority. So says a despatch from Milwaukie. Politicions will find much to interest them in the Ictters from oor Washington, Albany, Philadelphia Lancaster, Cincinnati, and Blue Lick cor- respondents. The election has thrown the office holders ond office seckers in Albany, a3 in thi e d everywhere else throughout the Siute, int omplete state of confuses Like jack-siraws they have been jum ier in all sorts of indes. cribable positic nd then pitched holter skelter, 0 that it will ta 1 the most dexterous hand to ae parule a ve more omg the vania the demo ged and con pie erate a ion of the first article | But the inhabitants have so little | ¢ | j as to whom they shall su port for office, be the candidates whom they mcht. It is understood that the leading men in Pennsy'vania are making pre parations to ratify the rebuke the Cabinet has re = ceived at the hands of the pational democracy of | omemadionall Bo Yerk,and in a manner that will strike with wonderful force upon the already astonished and bewildered administration. The old anti-slavery issue bas again divided tve democrats of Ohio, aud conseqnen'ly, through a coalition with the free soil | whigs, a Governor was elected upon a basis which entirely eschewed the Maine liquor law, and at the | fame time gave the go-by to the Baltimore platform: No wonder that «ld and generally well-informed politicians find great diflienlty in ascertaining to what party they really belong in these days of pro- | gress and reform. The Boston politicians are represented to have been in a perfect fever of excitement last evening. Senator Sumner was addressing a gatheriog of the jree soilers and cealitionists in Faneuil Hall, ia sup- port of the proposed constitution, and the whigs were holding # large meeting in another part of the city at which the speakers toek strong ground against the ratification of the constitation. The election wily take place in that State tomorrow, afver which we sbell bave an opportunity of judging of the effect of General Cushing's dictation in that quarter. Another great telegraphic feat was accomplished last Fridey. The steamship America arrived at Halifax about ten o'clock that morning, and aa ab- stract of ber important news was telegraphed thence to New Orleans; and through the admirable arrange- ment of the New York associated Press, the public in every important city of the Union received the intelligence at the same instant in the afternoon— much to the annoyance of sundry specalators and newsmongers, who consider it rather too bad that the facilities afforded to the public through the liberal arrangements of the leading newspspers of the country should prevent the possibility of their prey- ing upon the mercantile community. Much credit is due to the several lines between this city and Halifax for the great improvements just completed, by which despatches are now written direct from Halifax to Boston in a single circuit. A great deal of tine is thus saved, and a far greater degree of accuracy at- tained in the transmission of lengthy reports, The office in this city, of the throngh line to Hal'fax, isat 21 Wall street—House Printing Telegraph Buildings, A despatch from Kingston, Canada, states that the bonded and several other large warehouses ia that city bave been destroyed by fire. We publish to-day an extended report of the visit of His Excellency Monsigneur Bedini, the Pope’s Nuncio, to our city institutions for the relief of the infirm, destitute, and disabled. A distinguished party accompanied the prelate, and all were delight- ed with the judicions application which is made of our extensive city donations for the aid of suffering humanity. The City Inspector reports the number of deaths in New York last week at 374, which is forty-nine less than that of the preceding week. Of these, 120 were children under one year, and 222 under ten years of age. The deaths from consumption were forty-three; from convulsions, thirty-five; from croup, twenty-three; from infismmation of the lungs, twen- ty-three; from small pox, twenty-one, and from in- flammation of tue brain, twelve. There were twea- ty-two cases of still born, nine of premature birth, ove of suicide, and six deaths occurred from un- known diseases. Of the deceased, 259 were natives ofthis country; cighty of Ireland; ten of Englau® fourteen of Germany. Besides many columns of interesting matter, to which we cannot afford space to refer particularly, our pages to-doy centain Letters from Australia, and Canada: News from Laguayra, Texas, the Plains, and other parts of tee country: Benevolent Works of the Howard Assosiatioa of New Orleans; Lengthy Review of our New Police System: Commercial, Re ligious, and Miscellaneous Intelligence, &ec. Tae Recent Kiection--What will the Pre: sident Do? One of the most important resnits of the re- cent election in this State is beginning now to exhibit itself in very prominent characteristics, We allude, not to the general contest between the whigs. revived under Wm. H. Seward’s direction, and the opposing factions of the de- mocracy, but to the subsidiary contest for suprem: heiween the different factions of the democracy, the one headed by Dickiuson, and in favor of the great compromise measuires of 1 and and the farnil, of the principles involved in them, other faction headed by the Van Buren ith a lew renegades from former asso- called the sofis—and they must be very soft indeed somewhere about the region of the head. As far as yet ertained, this contest be. tween the Dickix or national democrats, and the Van Buren, or free soil faction, is of a much more important character out of the State of New York and in t eneral Pierce, in the ecti and in the policy ppolntments, had made a false interpre- of the contest which placed him in and had supposed that the coalition seekers at the Baltimore Con- elected hina ident the when in fact and trnth great feeling gen power, of 8 in the it was compromise law of 1850 in Congress aied by the which the movement in bis fp vention of office holde: much the same platform as the demo- id; but th Neither which is a hum true sources of dous 1 ower must be discovered in the contests in in favor of the compromise measures; nd the error which General Pierce committed was to misinterpret his election, and to place power and office in the hands of those men, in hia Cabinet and ont of his Cabinet, who had op- posed those compromise measures, and had de nounced then as unconstitutional and repeal- Such men as Jefferson Davis, Marcy, Soulé, the Van Burens, Fowler and Cochrane, should never haye boen eppoiuted to any office by General Pierce, they were all opposed to the compromi vos of 1850, and so far belonged to thai faction of men who are gradu- ally forming in the North and South a platform whieh can only lead to division between South and North, and to the ultimate separation of the Union. The election, therefore, in State, was a contest for the correct Interpretation of the produced whig e adopte the Baltimore did elect Ge his triumph and of the tremen- jority by which he was carried into platform, neral Pierce. The for gencral election of 1852; and the triumph of the Dickinson democracy thus far ought to speak intones of thunder to General Pierce, and teil him what his duty is immediately on as- certaining what that interpretation is. What should he do? He should at once dismiss those tnt lent and waprincipled miembe F ho have produced all the d ulties which have thus fard rhed bis tain what they may bin, McClelland quiet and harmic ties, and might | mischief. such Dayis ft u 4 ouce 19 be swept from the counsels of bis adu Let him if he the quiet men for bring fo Such men ag D aud Campbell, seem to and attentive to their a Mare halle of Congress than it | form did net elect Gen. | principles, placed in their positions. Yet, although this might be clearly the duty of the President on under-tanding the actual re- sult of the election in New York, we doubt very much whether he has the moral courage at this | moment to fol!ow out such a view. He may think , thatit is his best policy to continue these men in office unti! he has got through the first two or three months of Congress—to get them to | give hima helping hand in briaging out his message—and at the proper time, and oa fitting | representations made to him by the proper | class of statesmen in both houses, fo avail him- self of the opportuasty—some time in the mid- dle of next winter or the approsching spring— to getrid ot these unprincipled instigators of | mischief. This may be the mode; but if Mar_ ey & Co. had any spark of spirit in their com. position they would relieve the President of ‘the disagreeable 4uty of removing them, and resignat once their high offices. Will they do so? We doubt it—they bave not spirit or sen- | sibility for that effort. They will have to be turned out. The Emigrants on the Atlantic. The immense number of emigrants that an- nually arrive here from the shores of Great Britain and Ireland naturally provoke inquiry as to the internal working of the system of emi- gration practised by the British government; and startling indeed, to every mind of the least pretensions to philanthropy, or even common humanity, are some of the scenes that the holds of those “white slave ships” can reveal. A few instances, all of which could be sworn to by credible witnesses as facts, will perhaps give our readers some idea of the paternal care of that government to her own children who would extend her protection to the slaves of America and Cuba—who would remove the mote from her brother’s eye and yet leave the heam unnoticed in her own. Oh. ye fair dames ef Stafford House! ye philanthropic peers and members of the British Senate! hear the ery of yeur own children, and don’t, because their | skins are of the same color as your own, ima- gine that they cannot feel as well as the Afri- can. Paradise indeed need this free country be to tempt any one to undergo the five or seven weeks purgatory they have to endure ere they can reach their promised land. But facts speak plainly, cry loudly for retorm; and such facts are now presented, in all their naked and ap- palling truths, to your eyes. In the first place, on the score of morality, concerning which your Exeter Hall rhetori- cians make such a tremendous ontery, no religious instructor is ever provided for six or seven hundred souls during their long aad tedious voyage. Sabbath after Sabbath rolls by unheeded; children are born and die, too often unbaptized. and buried without one single Christian rite or prayer. Night comes on, and deeds that shun the light of day are perpetrated ; hundreds who left their native thores as virtuous women are thus prepared for the life they too often adopt in this country, and a fresh importation is brought to the haunts of infamy in New York. The ship Western World at this moment lies & wreck on Squan Beach. How came she there? It appears from the statements of pas- sengers that during the whole voyage many of the erew of the ship were in the habit of spending at least half their night watches be- low, amongst the steerage passengers, inatead of attending to their duties on deck. Shortly before the ship struck some of the watch were amongst the female emigrants; and this ata time when the ship was nearing land—when, above all other times, the necessity of a good lookout was greatest. This was about balf-past four A. M. No sooner was the captain out of sight than they went below, leaving the ship to the eare of Providence or any one who might chance to be on deck. The | morning was fine aud clear--not foggy, as has been erroneously stated. Many passengers, un- able to sleep owing to the pleasant prospects of the morrow, remained on deck all -ight, and were now anxiously looking for the land. At the bows of the ship.were four or five sailors and one passenger, The land was plainly seen for some little time before the ship struck by this passenger, He called the attention of the sailors to the fact that the ship was running | straight on shore—-the land appearing to him tobe enly about two hundred yarda distant. | His remarks merely met with ridicule. and he was told there was no land there. Yet so firmly coavinced was he of the danger that he | immediately went aft to give the alarm. Be- | fore. however, he had got as fur as the main- mast, the ship struck. Now, we ask, had a proper look out been | kent could this have happened? The thing | seems imporsible. Nay, in the opinion of al- | Most every passenger on board that ship the | | accident was caused by the most gross carelcss- That a landsman chould first see the danger, when every seaman knows how dim- cult it is for the unpractised eye to detect land, | seems incredible. And yet this is @ fact; and there are credible witneswes who would swear toit. Yet this is only ove instance. Not an | emigrant ship arrives from which there are uot the same complaints of the unblushiug and barefaced itomorality carried on during the whole voyage. And where lies the fault? Here is @ qnestion worthy the attention of British statesmen and philanthropists —a ques- tion nearer home than American slavery. The English papers are full of the benefits of emigration. Why do we hear nothing concern- ing the miseries of the emigrant? The slave, well fed, well clothed, in a state of far greater domestic happiness than the half-starved Inbor- er of Great Britain, is an object of compassion to all; large meetings must be called, large sume of money collected, armed vessels must cruise along that deadly African coast, their crews must droop and die to stop the slave trade; and yet they allow six or seven hundred of their own countrymen to be crammed into a place not many degrees better than the hold of a slave ship, where every species of sin and im- morality can be practised with perfect impunity. in the second place, this admirable system of go- vernment emigration provides the following allowance of food, vis To each statute adult three quarts of water and «# weekly al- le wance ¢ f pro sions according to the follow- ing of bread or biscuit, 1 1b. of of oatmeal, 2 Ibe. of rice, 4 Ib. of 2 onnees of tea or cocoa, or roasted galt, This 80 it would be if fairly p again, from every ship there ame complainis of insuficiency of Three hieouits given for a weck’s and often not more than half the y water, flour is two ounces of ome a ; but he e the ion, The pome splicd, ia ihe uly. distribation thooh, ls according to the wilt of the O%seer whose duty it is to attend to that depar qnent. In the ship Western World, upot ® passenger’s applying for ralt, he was only yworn at and abused by the mate, there beimg no salt provided for the emigrants, acvording to goverament eontract, nor Was salt ever given to them during the whyle voyage. Then, but too often an inex- perienced surgeon, is intrusted with the vare of these seven or eight hundred lives— and there are no inquests at sea; the poor emigrant may die of neglect or malpractice, and no one is called to account. An in- stance happened this very year where the surgeon of an emigrant ship caused a young woman who was ill, to be stripped and buckets of cold water to be thrown over her, from the effects of which treatment, in the opinion of her fellow-passengers, she died. And yet nonotice was taken, no complaints attended to. ‘These are plain and unvarnished facts. That ® great fault exists somewhere, a fault un- noticed and uneared for, is evident. Here is a question for you, British abolitionists. Look at home--read the “ Cabin of the Emigrant Ship,” of any one of all the flect of white slave ships that annually leave your shores, and see whether they do not, as loudly as “ Uacle Tom’s Cabin,” cry to British philanthropists for help. The Clefts in the Cabinet—The Coming Eruption. A knowledge of geology often enables its possessor to discover clefts, uplifts, and fissures in strata, where the ignorant see no break in the apparently even surface, Detrition from above and voleanic action from below have filed up the crevices, and by the unskilled eye the foreign matter cannot be distinguished ‘rom the original formation. The clefts are not, however, the less palpable'to{the man of science. He can trace their causes, measure their extent, and show how they divide a pre- viously homogeneous mass by an timpassable barrier. Just so itis with the,present adminis- tration. To the vulgar eye,itjjmay seem a smooth, unbroken surface, composed fof conge- nial and harmonious materials;‘but to the ex- perienced the most casual glance at once re- veals wide cleftsand broad, splits traversing it from part to part, and interposing an eternal gulf between its several sections, For a while these splits may be so cunningly hidden, or so ingeniously filled up with matter resembling the original elements, that their existence may remain a secret; but no sooner shall the sub- terranean voleano of Congress have renewed its labors, than the device will fuil, the clefts widen. and huge chasms yawn between por- tions of the Cabinet which were deemed in- ee SS ATRESIA SE AS ESSEC OS TDA Se PE ETT separable. Even now its surface is throbbing with the first quiver of the coming eruption. We can see two if notithree broad clefts in the Marey mosaic. One stares us in the face, separating on the one side Marcy, Guthrie, and Davis, from their colleagues,{Cushing. McClel- Jand, Campbell, and Dobbin. ou the other. The former section represents the Van Burenites and the Southern secessionists—the opponents, on either extreme grounds, of the compro- mise laws. This is the section whose funda- mental and guiding rule it is never to allow principle to stand in the way ef profit. From this section emanate the letters in which the theory of government in this country is re- duced to a scramble for the spoils, and political science degraded to a hucketer’s trade. This is the section, in fine, whose contemptible shaf- fling and deliberate teachers have brought down upon the administration, in the short space ot seven months, a load of odium hardly ever borne by any previous government. If we cross the split we have mentioned, we shall find a little farther on, another, equally well defined and menacing, which divides the balance of the administration into two unequal portions. In the furthest compartment, sepa- rated by an infinite space from Marey, Guthrie, and Davis, and sharing the honors of his sove- reignty with no associate, stands Caleb Cushing. He represents no particular princi- ple in polities—has bg. everything, froma Tyler whig to a Massac,Susetis coalitionist, and from a coalitionist to an ally of Marcy’s—now wears the disguise of a Dickinson democrat, and may be best described as’an apt embodi- ment of personal vanity and ambition. He would not cross the cleft which {hounds his do- main for the world. Too well he knows the ruin impending over the denizens of the other side. Tooanxiously he looks for their fall, and too eagerly covets the power that will be wrested from their grasp. On the contrary, all his energies are devoted to widening the breach. He will even risk his own foothold rather than not attempt to shake theirs. He has no allies; but, in exchange. he presides over,the kitchen cabinet, and reads the proofs of the Union arti- cles. He is, in short, the Presideni’s honsemaid. In the third and last division, separated as we have described from Marey, Davis and Guthrie, on the one side, and Cushing on the other, are seen the only three members of the Cabinet who have escaped public censure— Mesers. McClelland, Dobbin and Campbell. They are,so fur as we know, respectable politicians, and men who have made it their sole aim and business to discharge the duties of their ofice without dabbling in the dirty pools in which Marey and Cushing have spent their time. Henee the storm which has fallen upon their colleagues has leit them untouched. Not a voice throughout the country has heen raised tu attack them. Such is the appearance which the Cabinet presents to an experienced eye. More than this, the political geologist soon detects in its character evidence of its belonging to the for- mation called metamorphic, or transition, which as everybody knows, is the least reliable and most ephemeral of all strata. A close inspee- tion shows him the working of the voleanic action beneath, and enables him to predict con- fidently that, within a time which may he de- termined by mathematical calculations, a fresh eruption will re-open the present clefts, and very possibly precipitate one or other of the isolated sections into the abyss. We who see how Marcy, Davis and Guthrie, on the one side, and Cushing on the other, are dealing with honor and principle, can hardly hesitate in de- ciding on which of the three the blow of tate is destined to fall, Let it come—it will be soon full time. « | | | | Ovr Cry Poutce.--We have in another part of this day’s paper given a review of the go- vernment of the Police Depariment, with the changes that have been effected in it by the late act of the Legislature. The necessily of some such improvement on the old system had long claimed the attention of our legislators, and was Spe wid urged upon them by the press. i bl orakl opposition cy from the members of the depertment; but the iF popular feeling was #0 strong in favor of reform that the law was passed with little or no difi- culty. The rnles are of the most stringent ebaracter, and are admirably calculated to en- sure an efficient force. The connection of poli- tics with the department has been entirely se- vered, and we can henceforward look to the appointment of men as police officers;vnot for the services they may have rendered to a success- ful candidate, but for their ability to fulfil the duties required of them, Now that we have the law, we shall do all im our power to have it en- forced in every particular. - New Movements anp Wrii4m H. Sewarv.— Since the recent election the organs of William H. Seward—the Tribune and Times, of this city—are beginning to indicate their future views and purposes. Both snuff from afar on “the tainted gale” that a very serious contro- versy will soon be brought on in Congress, and throughout the country, in relation to the anti- slavery sentiment. as applied to California, Nebraska, and New Mexico. There is no doubt of this anticipation. The great debate and contest that took place in Congress on the compromise measures of 1850, in which Clay, Calhoun and Webster, played conspicuous parts, were merely the commence- ment, the first steps, of a new re-organization of parties on principles always contained inv the constitution—principles of equilibrium be- tween North and South, which have been some- what obscured by ihe misinterpretation put by Gen. Pierce upon his election before it re- ceived some elucidation by the extent of the contest in this State between the Dickinson democracy and the Van Buren freesoilers. We are, undoubtedly, on the eve of one of the greatest and most protracted contests on the principles of the constitution that ever took place in the United States—a contest in which parties will be organized afresh, and which, continuing for half a century or more, will sbake all present organizations and public men like reeds before the hurricane. For this contest we see that Mr. Seward, the wily anti-slavery statesman of New York, is making his preparations, and giving his indi- cations through his organs, the Tribune and Times. How many of his old associates in the defunct whig party will go with him is very doubtful. Edward Everett, of Massachusetts, for one, will never fraternize with him in his purposes and projects; neither will Mr. Critten- den, of Kentucky, be a participator in his wicked designs. Most of the old whig leaders of that stamp will keep aloof from the arch apostle of the anti-slavery sentiment. There will, therefore, be a new modification of parties on new and powertlul principles, the same as those promulgated in Congress in the protracted debate of 1850, in which a legacy was left to the country by the great departed statesmen of the age—Webster, and Clay, and Calhoun. sf Bam ror THE Canaprans.—We perceive that our Canadian friends have taken the alarm at some recent remarks of ours in reference to the probable destiny of Mexico and Canada. Our friends, who have not hardly yet relapsed into the torpid state into which winter usually plunges them, are dreadfully indignant at the idea that the United States could swallow their little strip of territory, and talk quite refresh- ingly about “broadsides to broadsides,” ‘ torious Canadian warriors,” pect of our militia,” &e. Leonidas was acraven to the “Jean Canuks,” according to their spokesman, As for the * Yunkees,’” it is much more likely, says our enterprising neighbor, that we, (the Canadians,) should annex the Northern States than that they should annex us. The writer concludes. as in duty bound, with the flourish obligato about “ the flag that has braved,” &c., and “Britannia ruling the waves,” as we have no douht she doce. Now, we don’t pretend to know everything, and it may be true that Canadians are as ferocious a people as our cotemporary would have us believe. We must confess, however, that the specimens we have seen have not im- pressed us in this wise. We have not noticed any particular “martial port and aspect” about them; nor have we felt our virility ooze out of our fingers ends at the prospect of a “broad- side” with such “victorious warriors.” It may have been a mistake on our part, but we have always taken them, on the contrary, for very inoffensive creatures, chopping wood, and growing wheat. and boiling potash, just as their fathers did, and fulfilling their religious and moral duties with very praiseworthy re- gularity. They have a number of British soldiers among them, who are of course, great nuisances, and demoralize the sim- ple natives; these, we dare say. are ready enough to earn their shilling a day by shooting at us across the borders. But we would as soon have expected our poultry to rise up in rebellion against us as a regular as- eaull from our excellent neighbors themselves. And if we had. as the Canadians suppose, ony serious intention of invading their territory, we fancy the thing might be done without any very fearful amount of carnage. But we have, in reality, no such design or wish. Nobody ever talks, now, abont invading Canada, with the exception of a few hair-braincd demagogues here and there, who have private ends to serve; nobody contemplates any inicr- ference with the sway of her gracious majesty over her American provinces. People hear, with total indifference, of military roads being built for the purpose of protecting ihe country against us, and of confederations among the provinces in order to constitute a counterpoise to this Union, We take an interest in the ma- terial progress of our neighbors—in their new railroads, their steamers, their agricultural and industrial developements—hbecause an artificial boundary line can be no barrier to the diffusion of prosperity; and if plenty abounds on one side, want can hardly prevail om the other. But, for the present, our interest in Canada arises solely from these indirect sources, Our own political condition, in fact, forbids the present indulgence ot any desire that we might feel for the exten- sion of our territory in that direction, There appears to be a good deal of confusion in the Canadian mind with respect to this matter, and it is perhaps well that we should endeavor to set them right. If all Canada were to go down on its knees to the Congreas of the United States, at the present day, and implore admission to the Union, the prayer could not possibly be granted. Nay. more; if the British government and aristocracy ic- ‘the port and as- were to look round for a new aod more potent | rto used in| } weapon than any they have hi their endeavors to cheek the growing power of ihe United States, they could not devise any scheme better suited to their purpose than a proposal to sell us Canada, Let Lord Palmerston, cr any vblor Liiuisver, Diibish just hint sucha thirg, and the whole gountr would be thrown into » ferment in a week. Let him make a deliberate otfer of the territory for a fixed sum of money, and it is questionable whether the Union would survive the tumult that would follow. All the Northen free soilers would be clamorous for the purchase of a fine strip of land, peopled by a hardy moral race, even more rabid in their abolitionism thar | Seward or Van Buren, All the South, for the | samereason, would threaten to dissolve if such) i an accession of strength were acquired by the i enemies of its institutions. The troubleswhich > ushered California into the Union would sink into comparative insignificance beside the storm that would follow. Peace could only be restored by admitting, simultaneously with Canada, new slave States, such as Cubaand part of Mexico. If,from any causes, these southern ac- quisitions could not be made, the South would never, never consent to buy Canada, and the North might very possibly prefer dissolving the Union to relinquishing the proposed prize. With such a prospect—and all men of experi- ence will vouch for its accuraey—it is not very likely that we shall take the initiative, for the | | present, in any negotiation or other movement which might lead to the introduction of this new element of discord into the country, The Cana- dians need not distress themselves. New Mops or Transrortina THE MalLs-~ A new method of transporting the mails has keen proposed hy a gentieman in Boston. It is to tranemit them through a tube from which he air would be exhausted and a vacuum crea- ted—the pressure of the external atmosphere thus foreing any body placed im one end of the ‘ube rapidly to the other. The principle is not new. It has been applied toa railroad in Ire- land. A few years ago a railroad was construc- ted between Kingston and Dalkey, in the vi- cinity of Dublin, and was called the atmos- pheric railroad. The rails were laid in a tun- nel, and it was found to answer for a short dis- tance, being only two or three miles [t con- tinued in operation for some time, but war finally abandoned as not being on the whole so good a method of transportation as by steam, though far less dangerous. The principal objection to it is the difficulty of ex- hausting the air for a very long distance, and on a railroad of any extent exhausting houses would be required at short stages. Whether this difficulty has been overcome by the Boston philosopher we know not. We hope he will be successful, for some more speedy mode of transportation than the present is required by the necessities of the age. The slow trans- mission of the mails between this city and Wash- ington, for example, is a disgrace to the country. It is calculated that the mails could be sent from Boston to New York in fifteen minutes by | the new apparatus. They could, of course, be | transmitted as rapidly between this city and | Washiugton. The proposition is to try the | invention between the Capital and the | Empire City, and, if it succeeds, then to extend | it to Boston and other cities. Let the experi- | ment be tried. If successful, it will to a great extent supersede the telegraph, and mark a new era in the progress of science as applied to the useful arts in this country. United States Marshal’s Office. Noy. 12,—Joseph Morres was arrested by depaty mar- shal De Angelis, on a warrant issued by Mr. Commissioner Stilwell, for having aided in the escape of thesix Bremen railors. Morres made great resistance, grapplod with the Gecuty marshal, and attempted to assault Bim. Commit. | ted in default of bail. Daguerreotypes by Electri- —A new and instantaneous wetted of securing the like- and happy oxpression of the subject on tho instant, (kaown only to cheartist uf this gallory,) 249 Puiton streot, Brooklyn. “Cameo daguerrootyper, and copies of evory style of likeness. A Tremendous Excitement has heen pro- duced by the annonneam che various papers that tho ders in PERILA. ceprige are to moot at | Metropolitan Uallon W ening nex to decide ou t Dil time of dieteibating tine 100,000 We shall enon know who will ¢ ” the trotting Williamson's Oreo hel Mile Mirror,” hese ol om the oxtah ihment of T. Gitnert &co, es, and hosts of other costly and valonble in the li one of which may be i Any by the investment of nglé dollar in the purchase } Staite tlokets at Me Pertawieaihee tie my Hall, eos Broadway, Pereons wishivg to participate should ma\s immedinte application, as only ® limited number remain | unéo) pect es } Ladies’ Beaver Bonnets, Children’s White | boaver hate, gentlemen's hats, cans, furs, robes, dko., of every description, ‘The Inrzeet assortment ia tbe city at » FREEMAN'S, Hatter, 0 Falton streot. Four-fitths of the Shirts worn are inade by gueas; but a} GREEN's.No. | Astor House,a practical rics ut mathematical measurement secures ‘with wnorr crrtainty ® perf ct fit, very gentleman who had cver given enerder to Green will confirm this statoment. } ‘The Best Pianos in the World.—I¢ ts an | undeniable fact that T. Gilbert 4 Co.'s celobrated pianos, with tron frames and circular gesles are the best in ihe qvrid, ba) dofy competition for tone, quality and price. fORACE busines) ces Broadway solo agent. Melodeons.--8, benny are tuned in the equal temperss se good ig rohan atin loons fo tuned, ani HORACE WATERS, hod bd; HO. by cca ‘Besuley, ACE WATEUS "Sd Brondwn ay dnging with arent spplauso by _Sarpetings.—Peterson & Humphre; Yin a etait scsi ney we ree ‘BD oi saainng ot Bren on fe es fey osailion vatve Hone pastry. ty caapent und at at pases acl) ane, ipaltar irs wees Yiheraeah Itooralbeeses ' Window Shades, Lace, and Musiin Cur. . satin, de Ininosy gilt ovrmiove, loops, and al! kinds of tai Socoratt ne atextrnordianry #7 Deloss, ab KEL ‘No, 29) Save your tine an€ One Thousand Dollars Reward will be paid by the eubseriver, upon competent evidonco boing pr ducod that tho dofisnce anlam: oT éafos, or’ patent) havercvar felled in preserving thelt contonts from fire of by Fall sizes tor sale mt the dapot, loz Poart Maiden lano, by ROBERT M, Pay Teas--The 1 Best Assortmeut of Fine Tear mill bo found us the store of tho Canton Tea Company, No. hathaw étroct, batween Poarl and Koossvalt stroots the aidoat ton establishment in the city. Wo assure our readert Nhat they can dob. tter here than «laewhore, either at whole: saic orrotail. They have no branol Horses for Sale at 31 Crosby street. — Watche pairs of differont sizes ana col oral, vi sayiish nel and eaddse Li of tho finest ity. Jt ie ind at ‘ cult matter to cet gentle, town d well broke ho ” Trice, A waararteo of soundne nd docility will that cannot be doubted will remain hoo Three of ftom Vory suitable for physicians, Gouraud’s Liquid Hair Dye use. GOURAUD'S Poudre Subtile, wprootin ferchoads, or any part of, A rougo, lily white, medicated ecap oe chafes, pimples, feookles, eruptions, & firat atore irom Bi pplicati and toopees. ‘tho addrose. ovrtnia to preyect and, taken Also cholera, ¢ emodio troubles it. Sold in Lotsles, iigho, and foro thronta wor 9 Who aro #0 aflicted, whoth: :o'doaes of BRA 1 cold ovndy 3 Tell grow worse: the fain ta my short and a . Ab last Leent for a box of pill a‘nowisokat mel Ta a » days with Brondreth’s pills oi her remedies.”” vr the cons tant Bran 8 pile.” ‘They is A box of poe wrt diewctiongs ab jowory; and No. 2 Madson isa Kes. 6 andl 68 Lis apguar A Handsome ithe 9 be han dao i‘gice 2 eines; eotd overywhere., Prinel i. vb, Garkor's iadiow’ hair droning atabinaSaient, Bivaa way.