The New York Herald Newspaper, November 9, 1853, Page 2

THE WORLD OF FASHION. INTERESTING TO THE LADIES. eee eee The Revolutions in Dress Among the French, English and Americans. EXTRAVAGANCE OF THE NEW YORK ARISTOCRACY, m., &., &. Now York is rapidly attaining to a high rank in the fashionable world, and will soon become to the New what Paria is to the Old World—th tre of fashion. At the Commencement of the «pring ani fall seasons, the first Class millinery and dressmaking establishments in the city are crewded with ladies, and the greatest excitement prevails in fashionable circles. Broadway and the Fifth avenue are the great prowenades in which the new fashions are displayed; and at the beginning of each soa- som they are thronged with ladies, dressed im the latest ‘and most costly styles None who make any pretensions to fashion will be found in either of these thoroughfares if they cannot appear in the Istest style, and they con- sider it one of their greatest afflictions to be deprived at last, by their extravagance, ef the power of doing so. As dress rules one half the world, it is but right that we should give it that attention which its tmportance claims, and which we shall hereaf er devote to it. We have already, ax our readers are aware, chronicled the changes of the seasons as they have taken piace, and introduced our readers to the revolutions in the world of fashion ia New York at the beginning of every spring and fall. We now give a review of the history of fashion, showing the origin of many of cur most important arti- cles of dress, and the changes which at different times take place in this particular. Few thiags have been subject to more mutations than dress—not Mexico, not ‘the inconstant mooa’’ denoune- ed by Juliet, changing with the climate, the weather, the station of its votaries, their joys, their griefs, their ages their position on the glove, and their degree in the scale of civi'ization. Fashion is the realization of the old Greek myth—the Proteus of the modern world, hidden in fur aud bear skins at the Poles, or glaring through the transparent tissues at the Tropics. An authentic record of dress would be at once an industrial history and a manual of civilization, each material adding a novelty to its varied stores, and each mechanical invention cheapen- iog and diffusing them. Is not dress nationally charac teristic? ‘The flowing robe and yellow slippered feet Despeak the indolent Turk ; the plaid and kilt the hardy Highlander. Compare the dress worn b¥ the inhabitants of the Eastern harem with that of the Greek and Roman maidens. Is not the alluring beauty of the one and the grave simplicity of the other characteristic? Does not the unchanging Spanish mantilla savor somewhat of the conservatism of the country ?—and do not the multitudi- nous changes in French fashions indicate the restlessness ‘and inventive genius of the people. While some affect an utter contempt for dress, as ua- worthy their notice, forgetting ‘Phat trifers not even in trifles can excel.” Legislators have considered it worthy their special attention, and enactments on the subject have been made im every country removed from barbarism. His tory records but one instance of a tamily left free to follow the dictates of individual taste with regard to Gress, independent of legal restraint—the descendant of the renowned Cencese Admiral, Andrea Dorea—a privilege solemaly granted by the senate of his native city in return for his eminent services. The most unpopular laws ever enacted have related to dress and the manner of wearing the hair, and they have been enforced in the mostarbitrary manner. The Turks will not allow the Grecian women to lengthen their skirts as they please; they appoint off- Giala, whose duty it is to observe any irfringement of the law, and to puaish it by.cutting the offending jupe, or petticoat, dcwn to the preseribed legal length. Peter the Great took measures equally prompt and effectual to shave his bearded subjects, and Elisabeth of England to limit the aize of the ruff» worn by her courtierr. Great has been the mania of rulers for legislatiag on thia sub- ject, and bitter has been the feelings evoked. Even the Chinese, quiet to s fault, resisted their Tartar con- querors when they interfered with their natural right of weare their luxuriant hair; and last century the people of Madrid took up arms to preserve their beloved cloak and sombrero, menaced by a prime minister; and Sultan Mahmond, who substituted the Fez cap for the turbae, found it more difficult to reconcile his subjects to that than to more important reforms. On every page of history we have instances of the im- portance attached to the cut of a man’s clothes. Con- qnerors are as desirous of forcing their language and dress upon the conquered se their religion and laws. Thus, the English made it criminal for the Irish to wear the mantle, or the coolin (long flowing locks,) and the Russian authorities fine and imprison the natives of Poland for wearing their national costume. How inseparably connected in the mind are historic events with peculiar styles of dress. The English Com- monwealth and the steeple: crowned hat are as insepara- ble as the French Revolution and the bonml rouge. Chargers and coats of mail mark the chivalric ages, and knee breeches and three-cornered hats tell of Washington ‘and the Revolution. ENGLISH FASHIONS. ‘The Norman conquest effected a complete revolution in the dress as well as in the laws and language of the Eng- qish people; the short cloaks and flowing tresses of the Saxons gave way to the long cloaks and clipped hair of their Norman masters. Long hair became fashionable again under the son of the Conqueror, and is censured as effeminate by an early chronicler, William of Malmesbury. The dresses of the English ladies at this time were worn extravagantly long, trailing om the ground; so were their sleeves and veils; but to prevent annoyance they were tied inbows. Thencame the sleeve with hanging cuffs; and in the thirteenth century the tight, plain sleeve, such as we bave at present; at the same time appeared aprons,and the startling novelty of a cloak with sleeves and hood. Dear ought that thirteenth century to be to women, for then fret came, “New, as if brought from other rpherer, Yet welcome seit Joved for years—"’ the costly regal velvet, and fitting appendage, trains; | and with it came tight lacivg and sma!! waists. In the reign of Henry VIII. bonnets and hats were worn; and then was seen the abomination, as it was called, of ‘arms bare down from the elbows.” This ‘indelicacy” excited Buch as storm of indignation that the women gave way be- fore it, but, Micawber-like, only for spring, for in less than a century arms and shoulders bare excited no cor ment—a conclusive proof that there was no Tartuffe at the Court ef Charles I. However, to keep up the system of compensation that prevails throughout nature, if they uncovered their ahoulders they powdered their hair. Solomon has said that there is nothing new under the sun, andeach day proves the truth of the saying. The strong minded women of the present day, whe wish to assimmilate the dress of the sexes, must yield the palm Of originality to those who flourished at the Court of the Merry Mosarch. In justice to the Bloomers, however, we must say they only agreed in the principle of the thing—the style was altogether different. These proto- Bloomers began the work of reformation at the head; they wore periwigs, hats, and coate buttomed up the breast; as Pepys says, ‘just for all the world like mine ;”" but less bold or less radical than their American imitators, they left the petticoat intact, for the same writer adds, but for that “nobody could teke them for women.” This ungraceful style prevailed during four reighs, spite of all opposition, and was immortalized im the polished, playful satire of Addison, from whom we learn that the hat was made more sprightly by the addi- tion of a feather. “Regular as rolling water” one extravagance sus. oveded to another, and the next epringtide of fashion brought the Spanish farthingale, metamorphosed into a boop, which, imposing even in decay, died out in creno tines and grass skirts, a few years ago. No fashion can vie with this in duration or extent; it conte its exis. temee by comturies and its extent by nationalities. It {sgued from Spain, and spread over Portugal, France, Rog land, Germany, and parte of Italy, and survived for many conturies ita early companion, the ruf. Matching this in absurdity was the trank hose of the gentlemen, wherein & moderate sized washing might be stowed away, forming ‘8 Atting receptacle for stolen goods, as Harpagon says. It became fashionable in the reign of Charles 1, though we have high authority for saying it was but a second-hand wovelty. Butler asserts that in his days many doubted the story of Arthur's round table, and maintained that it was neither more nor less than— “A pair of round trunk hose, Io he carried as much meat As he and all bis knights could eat.’ This point each one will decide for himself; we mention the vertingale hose merely to show that in the race of folly the men were not outstripped. If the women wore chigivons the men sported toupess, The heart breakers of the one corresponded to the love-locks of the other; amd Masios the great ccat—which, we are told, though prope only for maa, “women b!usbed avt to —we ufay place the petticoat: breeches worn by,the mon of the seveatesath century. Whatever disgrace attaches to corsets must be shared by both. for men as well as women wore them; dy aac . mat aienedh ihe mode of wearing the hair changed as frequently as the dresses, The horned head-dress, that hideous celebrity, was brought into England by the marriage of Henry the Fifth with Catharine of France, and it was aa exorbitant price to pay for Agincourt. All kinds of absurdities that per- verted ingenuity could devise were worn—hoods, frontlets, curls, periwigs; and about the time of the Evglish Revolution appeared another monstrosity, called the commode, or foniange, a lofty edifice composed of wire, silk, feathers and ribbons, rising like a tower or steeple, making the women look like Brobdignagians. Sometimes a gleam of common sense broke through the darkness, and then the hair was seen in simple curls, or braided, or confined with colored ribbons or jewelled bands. One reign deserves honorable mention, and the endless gratitude of women of all ranks : that of James tne Second, for then was introduced straw bonnets and hat+—ample amends for all political shorteomings. During the reign of the first three Georges the hair was stiff with powder and pomatum, and deco-ated with ornaments surpassing in absurdity the golden birds of the Chinese belles. Charivts, post-chaises, and coach and six, were commonly worn—the vehicles made of gold thread, the horses and drivers of glass. In an old poem a lady thus speaks to her waiting maid :-— “Nelly, where is the creature fled ? Put my poetchaise upow my head.’’ The flycap, resembling a monstrous butterfly; calasher, a kind of nondescript headgear, made of silk stre%ch- ed over a wire frame; mobcaps, pinned under the chin, and hats shaped lil ipsy’s, and turned up before and behind the face, were in bigh favor. The dresses were ludicrously made, the skirt short and tucked up behind, the corsage low, and the waist under the arms. Next came the frightful gored skirt, setting close to the limbs, unrelieved by a solitary plait. What « becoming costume this must have been, with a white satin spencer and hair cut short like a schoolboy's. The gentlemon wore immense wigs and three-cornered hata, blue or red stockings, shoes with red high heels, immense waistcoat, and coat skirts stiffened with wire, and standing out like hoops, were suitable companions. FRENCH FASHIONS. In looking over the early French fashions the first thing that attracts attention is the scrupulous conceal- ment of feet and hair among the women. They wore long tunics, bordered with gold or fur, and confined at the waist with girdles, richly ornamented; the hair wus hid- den under colored veils that fell in graceful folds upon the shoulders. The cote hardie, or vest, which was pro- bably the original of our modern basque or polka-jacket, and which was brought into England by Anne of Bohemia, Queen of Richard the Second, was worn in France ages be- fore. Shoes early attained perfection of form, and were of different colors. Some writers say that from the gray (gris) shoes worn by women in the middle rank of life we derive the word grisette. In the latter half of the four- teenth century the ladies began to understand what their hair was intended for. Head covering of all kinds was thrown aside, with their frightful appendages, wimples and gorgets, and the hair was worn curled or plaited, and ornamented with flowers and jewels, though ringle's did not appear till the reign of Henry the Second, two cen- turies later. As if to atone for this ‘deviating into right,” the next coiffeure surpassed all its predecessors. It was the atrocious berned cap, and was fashionable for many subsequent years. A little later the Court of Charles the Mad was thrown into delightful confusion by the ap parition of a flounced skirt. In the sixteenth century France imported from beyond the Pyrenees Queen Claude heops and high heeled shoes. During the reign of Francis the First, noted for that splendid spectacle, ‘the Field of the Cloth cf Gold,” the ladies’ dresses were magnifi cent, and would have been elegant and becoming but for the hoop. Strange that the taste which presided over that recherche costume could have tolerated anything so disfiguring and unshapely. The waists of the dresses were tight and peaked; a chemisette of the richest lace came up to the throat, and the sleeves were made tight, with full cuffs and banging oversleeves. The waist was encircled with a jewelled girdle and a cordelier, that passed round the peak of the dreas and terminated at the bottom of the petticoat in gold and silver tassels. A black velvet cap studded with jewels, to which was attached a gold or sil- ver veil, invariably thrown over the shoulders, completed thecostume, which was always made of the richest ma- terial—satin, velvet, or cloth of gold. The trunk hose, swelling ont 1ke balloons, was for a long time in favor with French elegants; but in the days | of Henri Quatre it totally disappeared, and was super: seded by the breecbes, which strangely enough came in with the Bourbons and went out with the Bourbons, the French Revolution giving the coup de grace to both. In the aapals of fashion, the reign of the second Bourbon prince is dis'inguished by the introduction of imperiala and cravats, the latter being the gift of the half-civilized Croats to Europe. This was going far enough for a new fashion; but the ladies, being roused to emulation made an inroad into ‘Araby the Blest,”” and brought thence— patches! These mouches had different significations, which the initiated knew by a glance. When placed at the cor- ner of the eye the mouche was called passionee; in the cen. | tre of the forehead it became a magestuerise; on the corner of the mouth, it received the denomination of a baiseus; in the middle ot the cheek, it was a galan‘e; on the fold formed by the mouth when it laughs, an enjoue; on the nose aneffronter; andon the lips, acoguetle. _ Towards the close of the eighteenth century fashion became more whimsical than ever, and the names applied to the different articles of dress, and the colors then im fashion, are exceedingly amusing. We have satin cou- lour de soupir Bouffer, (the color of a stified sigh,) de sou- pir de Venus, (the sigh of Venus), and dil alatu, (pensive eye,) We have vive bergere, apple green strip- ed with white, and another, la couleur de gen) nowvlle- ments arrives. What this meant in France we cannot discover; bu’ one should be very *‘ green’’ indeed not to know its American synonyme. To royalty we are in- debted for the couleur de puce, which we have incorpo rated into our langiiage without attempting to translate, being of Miss Fudge’s opinion, that though im English “The word might on good manners intrench, It certainly is not so shocking in French.” A great amount of literary, clastical and geographical knowledge was displayed in naming bonnets, which we cannot do justice to;but we must not pass over the bon. nd coiquee ossuree, the chapeau independent Ameri caine, and the Lorne anenyme. With the Revolution came new styles of dress—imita- | tions of the Romans and Athenians. White sleeveless tunies, confined round the waist by « red ribbon or scarf, sandals of red morocco leather, and bands of red rib- bon restraining the luxuriance of their flowing curls, marked the Athenian party. The Roman dresses were more magnificent. Robes of purple tissu: broidered in gold, fastened om the sheul and round the waist bya zone of burnished gold hair glitteriug with golden diadems and bodkins, recalled the days of the Empire, not the Republic With these classical costurmes the pocket would be an anomaly; therefore it was banished, and that indiepensa- ble requisite of a Roman lady’s toilet, the reticule, war substituted in its place. One instamee of the freaks of fashion will illustra‘e the charaster o! the times: Madame Tallien, the beauty of the Revolution, wore flesh colored silk stockings, with divided toes, each toe being ornamented with rings and jewels The men, too, sharing in the classical furore, appeared with heads uncovered, and hair cut short, o la Titus; but their enthusiasm for the ancients stopped there, and shortly after, over these crops appeared the dreaded bonnet rouge, until then assetiated only with the peace ful fishermen of the Medi'ersanean and Adriatic shores At this time came in the round hat now worn by gentle- men, and that part of their attire which takes ite | name from the Puritan martyr Pantaleon. Powder, queues, culottes and three-cornered hate disappeared, and shoes gave way to boots. The introduction of the Cashmere shawl distinguished the Empire, and remains a tropby of Napoleon’s vi stories in Egypt. Who does not know that to it he was in- debted for his escape from the infernal machine? The year 1824 is noted in history for the death of Louis le Desire, and in journals de mode for the reap pearance of the leg of- mutton sleeven, last seen at the court of Catherine de Medicin. AMERICAN FASHIONS. The increase of luxury in this city within the last ten or twelve years, must have attracted the attention of the least observant. Far from thinking with Queen Charlotte, that ‘best is best cheap,’ American Indies appear to value a dress only in proportion to its cost. Cheapness and durability are plebeian tests of excellence, despised by the upper ten. European ladies will wear a dress one season after another, bat Americans would blush to wear it the second season. The mont expensive velvets are rutblessly exposed to the wear and tear of our pavements, or the mud of our crossings. Not “Troy's proud dames, whose garments swept the ground," ould show a loftier disregard of pecunlary considerations | courts, he became fully natiat | have struck the vein of coal called scavengers, are compelled todo so when foued drunk inthe streets ; they lift their akirts from the mud and dust, and save their dress and dignity at the same time. But we should not forget that they have what we want—public promenades, where women and children oan take open air and exercise, away from crowded thoroughfares and splashing omnibuses. Some years ago Paris-made hats, ranging in price from twenty to thirty dollars, could with difficulty Gnd a purchaser; now the supply does not keep pace with the demand, though there are double the num- ber of persons engaged in the business. The national taste too, appears to have undergone a change; bate formerly woul? not sell if too profusely ornamented—now they cau- not be made gay or expensive enough. So with dresses; so with mantillas. Velvet mantillas and cloaks elabo- rately embroidered, trimmed with guipure lace, at fifteen dollars a yard, or with Russian sable, dearer still, worth from two hundred to twejve hundred dollars s piece, are now ata premium. Add to this—dresses at eighty or a hundred dollars a piece; bovneta at thirty; undersleeves and collars at thirty dollars, pocket handkerchiefs at twenty five, and everything else propertionately dear, and we have the enormous sum of one or two thousand dollars for a single dress, and this exclusive of lace and jewelry. Now, as American lage is not considered exactly comme il faut, and as foreign lace is extravagantly high, an undue indulgence on this point alome would be ruinews. The laces most in fashion are Guipure, Honiton, Valenciennes, Brussels, Limerick blond, and paints d’ application. Of these Brussels haa had its Cay, point d’ application is in ita zenith, and Limerick lace is looming up; but all, from durable Valenciennes to ephemera! blond, are sold at prices that cannot but ‘make the judicious grieve.” To what are we to attribute this increase of luxury, this indifference to expense? Are we wore wealthy or more prodigal than we were some years ago? Or will the facilities for Furopean travel account for it? Those who visit the metropolis of fash- ion bring back a taste for greater atyle, and those who re- main at home would not be outdone for worlds. ‘Tis well that the follies ef the rich give employment to the industrious. Would they were better paid. But there are come who beat down the prices of their work ers, and glory in itas a proof of good management— persons who take a quarter each day from their dress makers or plain sewers with one hand, in order that they may expend a hundred dollars for themselves with the other, thus actually making the poor pay for their extra- gance. We knowa lady who said to her husband, “Now, my dear, I have got my sewing done so cheap this year, that I think you ought te buy me a fifty dollar shawl.’’, As it may be interesting to many of our readers toknow how many are dependent upon the manufacture of the different articles of dress worn by the female portion of our population, we may rely on the following table giving the wages as well as the number of persons employed in the different departments. It is almost needless to state that in this calculation we do not include the manufac {ures of ladies’ shoes, gloves, &c. Employers. Hands. Weekly We Mantilla makers. m0 800 33 to 88 Milliners 4,800 Sto & Dressmake: 4,000 Sto 4 In the foregoing table it will be reen that the millinery Preponderate; but it must be understood, however, that these are not employed more than two-thirds of the year, while the dressmakers are employed all the year round. The aggregate yearly wages of all these amounts to about two millions of dollar, which, we think, must be rather under than over the mark. WHAT WE OWE TO THE PAST IN DRIES. What a lesson in chronology may be taken froma lady’s dress! Flounces go back to the fourteenth century ; casques to the reign of Louis Quatorze, or if, as we think, they are a modification of the cale-hardie, to the introdue- tion of Christianity into France; lappets, to the fourteenth century; and fans to the days of Henry the Eighth. They were then mace of ostrich and peacock feathers, and the handles of gold or ivory. Paper fans were not made until some years later. Ladies’ vests belong te the same reign, muffs to the Cromwellian era, and crosses worn for orna- ment on the bosom, to the days of Richard the Second. The corsage a la Marie Lercrinsky, and the atyle of wear- ing the hair, called after the same Queen, brings back to memory the profligate and corrupt reign of Louis the Fif- teenth, and her whose purity and goodness half redeem it, Feathers belong to the year 1357, when they first graced the caps of gentlemen, They were net worn by ladies till two cecturie: later—in the reign of that king who cut out his wife's dresses, and arranged her hair, and the hair of his courtiers. Slashed sleeves beleng to the sixteenth century, and loose flowing sleeves bring us to Iouis the Fifteenth, against the days of Fleury and of Fontenoy. Cardinals are fac similes of the Cardinals’ capes, and were fashionable last century. Talmas, named after the Roseius of the French stage, were worn Curing his lifetime. Cachemire shawls mark the imperial era; and crape shawls teli of China and the opium war. Bat let us not forget one style of dress which is peca- liarly our own—the American or Bloomer cestume. This ungraceful compound of Leghorn flats, wagoner's blouse, and Fatima’s or Turkish trowsers, appeared afew years ge, and was raised into factitious importance by oppe- sition and ridicule, When Bloomers paraded the streets, boys heoted, men stared, ani women sneered; and our countrywomen, not agreeing with Madame Neckar, that though “a man may brave public opinion, a woman ought to bow to it,”’ came ought in greater force, as if to show their contempt of ridicule, and their determina- tion not to be laughed down. wore off they were allowed to pass unnoticed—turned over to their own will, and then, perhaps satisfied with having asserted their freedom of action, they returned, generally speaking, to their old allegiance. Bloomer visits now are as rare as angel's. Case or Mus. Gaines.—We have been informed bys friend of Mre, Mira Gaines, that this lady passed ilmii days since, and teld her, while who has for » long time re- Indies, waited upon her (Mrs. Gaines,) since, and said he was present when her duly married to her father, Daniel Clark; of he was ready to begr testimony. That the | lack of satisfactory proof of this fact was the sole cause of former defeats in her efforts to recover her estate, and that upon the exi-tence of this evidence being made known to the defendant in a suit rk peg in the Lowsana of her right to recover, and therefore offered to purchase the property at a fair equivalent, which she has accepted; tince which trans- action Mrs. Gaines says she has compromised with nearly allthe Logeaecey of her lands, for a very of money in the aggregate, the payment of which soon be secured to her. If our information is correct, of which we have no reason to donbt, Mrr. Gaines, after a series of disheartening defeats, will at obtain her patrimonial estates as the so} i father, and hereafter be classed among the millionaires of America.--Wilmingon (Da.) Gazette. Borne ror Coan IN Scuuyixit, County. — ‘The North American Coal Company, in Schuylkill county, the Seven Foot Vein, ata distance of 384 feet 8 inches from the surface. Ata distance from the surface of 92 feet they struck the Holmes vein, a gray ash, 44 feet in thickness; and at the depth of 384 feet from the surface they reached the Seven Foot Vein. This ina white ash, and at thir point in eight feet in thickness. Sizce then, up to Wednesday last, they bad descended six feet in slate interspersod with iron nodules, and it is estima‘ed that there sre yet some ten or twelve feet of slate to be passed before reach- ing the Mammoth vein. This vein ranges in different localities at from 20 to 60 feet, and is estimated at this point at 30 feet in thickness.” Beneath the Mammoth yein there ts another deposit, called the Fight Foot veio. The resnlt of this experiment at boring has shown that the Mill Creek tract, of 460 acres, and the Centreville tract of 360 acres, both owned by the North American Coal Company, are among the richest lands of the region —there being 7334 feet of coal bed, red, gray, and white ash, on this property. Bagaxixa Grounp —Ground is to be broken on the Lexington and Big. Sandy Railroad at Catlettsburg, on Saturd.y, the 19th of November next, on which occasion there will be a ind demonstration and appropriate ceremonies. We have received a polite invitation to be present, and we are Mey ae A juested to address the people on the occasion.” initiation of so grand an enterprise—an enterprise #0 full of important results to #0 large & portion of the State—is in hi degree interesting, and if it be possible we shall certainly be pews all the railroad eat in the State, we ave felt the deepest interest in this; because it is to de- elope resources of 60 muck value, and which, without this work, must always remain inaccessible. There is not a railroad in the whole country of more gefieral import- ance to the whele Southwest, and none so jmportant to the largest portion of Kentucky, and none where the in- vertment of capital wil! so certainly yield large profit. ‘These statements, thus briefly made are ptible of irrefragible proof by incontestible fact rgumenta,— Leatngton (Ry.) Statesman, Oct. 28 . Fine at Nortm Warpssoro’, Vr.—We learn from the Brattieboro’ Zvglc that one of an mont exten- sive coni ever experienced in count; re red in the village of North Wardaboro’ on Wednesday the Rwdling cupied by Erasmus pton TC house of Waldo Converse, and another owned by a gentleman’in Boston, but occupied by Nelion Whitman, were totally red. The fire was discovered be- chamber over horse. it in the east art of said block, and only ten or pe hoy from the yet » estimated at $7,000, by insurance in the oe Windia Conaty Mutual Fire fosutence Company, When the first novelty | Address of Gen. Pacs to Venesueclians. General Jose Gregorio Moveges, in his proclamation of the 29th of August, 1853, addressed to the ‘‘nation,”’ has ‘Allowed himself officially to make the followieg chazge:— reiterated made from without, aad the _ pesado free cain ave met the crasy ef the ambitious revola- tlenists of Venerusla. A calumny so utterly gratuitous, claims a public an- wer om my part, andI find myself compelled to break that silence which I had proposed to observe upoa the politics of Venezuela, ever since, in my farewell address from St. Thomas, I pointed out to my countrymen the only meara which, in my opinion, they should adopt, in order to put an end to the tyranny that oppresses them. T advised at that time the cordial union of all well in- tentioned persons, without respect to party, to rescue our country from perdition; and inasmuch as I did not have ‘any reason to vary my opinion, my silence must have been interpreted as @ proof of my constant adhesion to those ideas which [ then put forth with the frankness and sincerity that have characterized every act of my public life. With the self-same frankness and sincerity, I must ut- terly deny the truth of that part of General Monagas's proclamation whereby he charges me with having inati- gated the late occurrences in Veneznela, In these I had no participation whatsoever. My co-operation either physical or moral, wae not solicited; and I was therefore totally unacquainted with the plan of the revolationists. I was aware of an immense majority of citizens disposed tocrush the ominous government which had usurped their liberties and their rights, because this is a fact well known even to the rulers themselves. But there were wanting harmony and unity ef action; and above all, the country was unprovided with the material elements of war, whereby it might have imposed its will upon a mi- nority full; both to act offensively and to run pam prien eye from the wreck so richly due to their crimes. In such a state of things I could not con- tribute to the breaking out of the revolution. Rather on the contrary, for it was not difficult to predict thet a movement made witheut concert could only be produo- tive ot disasters whose effect would be to postpone the Cownfall, now inevitable, of the barbarian-like dynasty that has resolved to erect its throne upon the ruins of that ill-fated countuy, by steeping its purple in the blood of its inhabitants. But, notwithstanding these convictions, my most si cere vows ever attended those brave spirits which stcare to oppose tyranny. They attem; @ Rol enter, worthy of the best sons of Veneruela; but in my wel oh 203 that participation in it which General Monagas has beea 50 willing to assiguto me, I have only sought to deny that which is false, in order to obviate all errora to which the charge might give rise, if it were to receive credit either at home er abroad. Let it not, however, be thought, for a single moment, that I fail to applaud every honest effort made with the aim of freeirg my country from the wretched situation in which she now is. The man who, from as far back as the year 1810 down to this very instant, has served her with unalloyed patriotism, who besides has beheld her with noble. pride, both prosperous and happy, and occupying a distinguished position among the Hispano- American republics, cannot coldly resign himself to see her the victim of the most grasping ambition, divided into factions, discredited abroad, suffering all the horrors of domestic’ tyranny, and hyrried with rectpitaney towards irretrievable ruin. Thefe is no need of my sketch- ing the sad picture of the calamities suffered by my coun- try under her presert rulers, to convince any one how deeply I lament their disastrous continuance. To contri. bute therefore to her salvation, and to place her once more in the path of liberty and progress, interrupted in » fatal and never-to-be-enough lamented moment of blindness, is, in my opinion, nothing more than perform- ing a most imperative and sacred duty. ‘ountrymen! Since therefore I have found myself compelled to break th: h the silence thus far observed by me, allow me to remind you that you have to <2 your injured honor, and present yourself before the wi world as worthy of the sacrifices made by our distinguish- ed patziote—men who so justly deserve the name, by con- stituting you a free and independent people. They never dreamed that you were destined to become the patrimony of asingle family, unworthy in all respects to usurp, and trample upon the rights ef a whole people, a nation that was not brought out of bondage to be again enslaved. You are said by some to have degenerated, and your fate, far from being soap of sympathy, makes them begin to entertain the idea of your being born never to enjoy a better lot. This, for my own part, I cannot be lieve; nor can I submit to descend into my grave with the bitter conviction of having formed a mistaken conclusion. God cannot bi 80 I my existence as to e jong preserved | make me suffer so cruel a je poegeriestada At his hands de st the prolongation of my life as one and Perhaps the greatest among the manifold blessings which, in His inef mercy, He has vouchsafed to bestow upon me, Decause it allows me once more an opportunity to offer you my decided cooperation, if you should believe it ne- cersary, to re-establish the sacred empire of the constitu- tion and Jaws. Listen to the voice of your ancient chief, your disin- terested friend, unite sincerely and in ; cast far away the strifes snd rancors that divide you, and give strength and might to your tyrannie rulers; stife the mean spirit of personal and worldly ambition in your en. thusiagm to regenerate your country, that native land which you so gloriously received from your fathers, and which ‘you ought not to bequeath, humiliated and dis. graced, to your sons. Remember, at all times, thst slavery vilifes mankind, and that liberty only is prodigal of her treasures to na- tions that know how to meke sacrifices in order to pre- serve and defend her sacred altara, These truths admitted, rely on my physical and moral co-operation; a if you need the force and persuasion of example, in order to follow my advice, I protest to you, that, as Tam, the most deeply injured, so I have been among the first to forget insult, calumny, and personal suffering. I have no my, other evemies thna the enemies of my native land, and I apply this odious epithet only to those few Venezuelians wh:, through the meanest passions of our nature, are yet striving to uphold the barbarous personal power of the Monagas family upon the ruins ef the constitution and laws of the country. To re-establish their empire, and place the nation in a condition freely to express its will, are the baseson which the Venezuelian people al cement their union, and consecrate the glorious banner destined te lead them to victory. Then shall I feel proud to find myself in your ranks. Then shall I be able to direct my voice to you, not to deny ® calumny, but to congratulate myself on having once more contributed to re-estabish order and liberty in our dearly beloved country. JOSE A. PAEZ. New York, Oct. 21, 1858, About Railroads, &., d&ec. TO THE PUBLIC. The undersigned, as chairman of a committee appointed by a convention of persons interested in railroads heldin Washington city, deems this an auspicious moment to call the public attention to the proposition submitted bY that convention to the consideration of Congress, and to invite a correspondence and ce-operation from the severa) railroad companies and others interested in ita adoption, Wo wit:—A modification of the laws regulating mail con- tracts, so that, instead of paying for railroad service an annual sum on contracts for four years, the Post Office Department may deliver to railroad companies bonds bearing an interest of four per cent, chargeable on the revenues of the department, and payable at the pleasure of the government, on contracts for the permanent use of euch bonds, the interest upon which at six per cent would be equal to the annual payments under the pre- sent system, Thus we now pay three hundred dollars per mile per annum fog carrying the mail on first clase railroads, which is the interest at six per cent on five thousand dollars. Now if, instead of paying three hun- dred dollars per mile per annum, the department be authe- rised to deliver to such companies bonds for five thou- sand dollars, bearing an interest of four per cent only, the saving will be one hundred doHars per mile per an- num, which will create a sinking fund out of the present expenditure that in a few years will pay off all the bonds thus delivered, and give the United States, free of charge, perpetual use of such railroads forever there- after. But this saving on the cost of carrying the mail isa small part, a very small part, of the benefits te flow from this change. He is blind who does not see that the strug- gle between this and other nations for national supre- macy, and upor whieh depends the great cause of civill. zation apd Christianity, is financial—and that we are not end never will be a free end independent people, so long as we permit a few Londen bankers to regulate the valae of our labor and of our credit, It is capable of easy demonstration that the present fnancial crisis, and the inability of many of our railroad companies to meet their engagemen’s, iv owing chiefly to the depreciation of their credit in the European market, and the commercial speculation and over trading aris! out of the necessity, under our present system, of send- ing our railroad securities to that market, which, as an incident, necessarily causes a large amount of specie to accumulate in the treasury. It is now well understood that money, properly ex- pended on we'll located railroads, adds greatly to the wealth of the country, and all are interested in giving euch relief to the ex ig railroad compaaies as is eon- sistent with the pow the federal government anda due regard toa wise financial system. Such is the necestitous condition of some of our best railroad companies that their shares and obligations are forced upon the market greatly below their value. An issue of government bonds to these companies, as propo- sed, would not only greatly increase the value of their shares and obligations, but, as the surplus in the treasu- ry would be « og ag ope to purchase up these bonds, under regulations to prescribed by there would be no farther cause to complain of the accumula- tion of the precious metals in the sub-treasury. Sp ee er the details of ig Ay tant, affecting, as it does, so many interests, be well considered; and it is with that view that I would call the attention of the public to it, and respectfully in- vite the comment of the public press, and ask the presidents and di: ectors of the several railroad companies to “advise me by letter, addressed to No. 64 Wall street, New York, what are thew views and wishes upon the subject, and especially whether they deem it expe- dient to call another convention, to rt eee ton ge cr el ere. New York, Nov. 7th, 1863, A Stave Wuirrep to Daata sy His Master— The Petersburg F: states that Mr. Henry Birdsong, of the county of the same 2 nothi until be turned up in tection of the war office. There I letter from Gaskill to the Secretary lished, but it seems from the account and the Secretary, that I am cl nounced Jefferson Davis as a dis nist sitting councils of the nation,” and with represea' having advocated, in a speech delivered at Phi the constitutionality expodionoy ‘of building the Pa: cific Railroad with the resources of the federal govern ment. The first charge seems expecially to have excited the ire of the Secretary, and he repels it in language which demands of me an Appropriate reply. What was seid e Occasion referred to ‘ was of the people; ther have been casily ascertained. The usual course pursued by gentlemen who may feel themselves aggriv such circumstances, is te inquire of the persoa who is alleged to have made an offensive charge concerning its truth; that of swaggering braggarts and cunning pol- troons is to indulge in vulgar epithets and Cpe Lanes personalities, just so far as may not complicate them with the falsehood, if the ould prove to be uatrue. The tary of War has chosen to pursue the latter course, Whatever other advanteges this course may have, it is not te be commen: for its chivalry. The only allusion I made to the Secretary of War, having any relation to the first charge, was of a wholly different character to that alleged. J arraigned Gin. Pierce be- forethe ‘for betraying the compromise and its friends, in the face of all his professions, wy sere its enemics ino power, To sustain this charge, | revier the positioa of each member of his Cabinet, and showed that not one of of them were identified with that great measure, and that the fidelity of each of them to it might be justly questioned. I stated that Col. Davis had, in the Senate, voted against its leading measures—united with its enemies, and opposed it at home, and was beaten by Gen. Foote, of Missiesippi, mainly on acceunt of that oppo sition. I then proceeded to show that the policy of the government was just such as might have been expected trom such a combination. That its animating iple was the ‘cohesive properties of the pabile plunder,” to which all were invited who would join and support the coalition, whether they were free solers, disanienists, or com, men, ese weré the positions which 1 everywhere maintained during the late canvass, unfortunately for the country, the government constantly furnishing additional evidence for their port. It was a union with the enemies of the con- stitution and the South thatI denounced. I consider disloyalty to the federal Union itself a virtue when compared to the servile baeeness of censenting to and maintaining a ccalition with the Buffalo free soilers— traitors, who for the last five years have been openly vindicating the larceny of our slave property, backing wobs to resistance of constitutional laws for our protection, and exciting them to the murder of those of our citizens who attempted to recover their property un- der them. And ‘‘in the lonest ceep there is yet a lower deep,’’ and the administration have reached it. Not content with taking these men to their bosoms, under the fraudulent pretext that they have been cleansed by being dipped into the fil:hy common sewer of gevern- ment patronage, the administration bas combined with them to crush and trample under foot the true friends of the compromise, and the only true friends of the constitution and the South inthe Northern States. It openly sustains John Van Buren and his mercenary gang of free soilers in their warfare against Dickinson, Bron san, O’ Conor, and their patriotic comrades in New York, who have separated from tkese political lepers on the ground of their free soilism., Denunciation of this policy, would but weaken the force of its naked statement. The tecretary of War seems to plead asa “‘set off” to this charge against himself, which was never made by me, a similar accusation against me. He says, “his ‘mos “ardent language nover reached the extremo to which (1) went, before and after the measures, com called the compromise of 1850, had been presented, ite prizciples and the constitutional rights involved’ had been fully discussed.”” This is certainly true, for I never kuew the Secretary betrayed into a een much less an imprudent, expression in behalf of the rights of the South, or against their threstened invasion. For myself, from my youth up, I have ever held the Union subordinate to the great principles it was intended to perpetuate; ss a means by which they were intended to be secured, and not as an end to which were to be sacrificed I many and true men in the South, better and truer than the Secretary of War, who do ‘‘desire’’ disunion now; 1 know others who have openly declared that they aid ‘desire’? it, who are now enjoying lucrative oftces ander the federal government; to enter upon them have taken the oath to et the constitution of the ve this ethical question of their eligibility to be settled between them and the pre- sent administration. In the contest of 1850 I was against the Union, in the event of the infliction of threatened aggressions upon our rights, which aggressions were openly stated and clearly defined. I bave never retracted, or modified the itions then assumed aud maintained; and each of {hem are firmly planted in the fourth resolution of the Georgia pl m, and are fundamental tenets in the political creed of the Union Repul rty of Georgia. Because these contingencies did not appen, and can never happen, while the compromise is preserved, ‘‘in principle and substance,” I have support- ed the Union and the compromise, against the opponents of either, at the South; that they may never happen, I have opposed, and shall continue to oppose the irce seilers and abolitionists at the North, and their friends and allies, under whatever political flag they may sail. The second charge referred to jv Boe Secretary of War needs noreply. I consider his letter a plea of ity, and sn attempt to Dern A My cherge was based upon his own spe printed by his authority in the Washington Union, of the 4th of August. I read speech, and among others the refers, and commented upon them. I did nold the Pre- sident res] ible fur the prince; laid down in that speech. My estimate of the P1 it is not high, but it is not, as yet, low enough to suppose him capable of per- mitting two of his Cabinet officers to remain in his Cabi- net after making such public speeches in his own pre- sence, unless he approved the princ'ples and policy haid down by them. I will, therefore, fer the present, simply turn over the Seeretary’s justification to the considera- ‘tion of his political friends in Geo who, with such singular unanimity, before the election, maintained their old political tenets on internal improvements by the general government, and condemned the opinions ex- pressed by Mesars, Davis and Guthrie at Philadelphia, 1 am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. TOOMBS. extracts from that very extract to which he OPENING OF THE GreaT WesTeRN RatuRoav.— On the Ist instant the first train of cars with passengers, ran over that ion of the Canadian Great Western Railroad which completed between Hamilton and the Suspension bri being about forty-two miles. There ‘was much rejoicing in that part of Canada through which it passes, over the event. cars were to have left Hamilton at 10 A. M., and reach the Bridge at 24; P. M. Thtre was some considerable delay in lea ) Which bs ht them within five miles of their destina’ about 4 o'clock, when they met with an accident to the locomo tive, which put the guests, some three hundred in nam- ber, into;the eveni before A reached the Falls, by carraiges and on foot. During the afternoon a large con: course of pereons collected at the to gratis ar- rival of the train. The towers of the mnsion bridge were decorated with the British and American flags, and the Union Jack floated from many of the adjacent build- ings. The people waited until nightfall to ree the train, but they separated im disappointment. As soon as it was ascertained that an accident had occurred, c: went in tearch of passengers, and they were landed at the Clifton House before eight o’clock. The train arrived be- fore midnight. Inthe evening Samuel Zimmerman, Esq., now the railway king of Cai gave s sumptuous enter- tainment at the Clifton, where some three hundred guests dined. The oper toast was the Queen, and then fol- lowed the health of the President of the United States, which was drunk with enthusiasm. The best of feeli peyretess show that our neighbors rejoice in thelr jearte over this, their first railroad achievement of any magnitude. This road will be extended to London within & few weeks, and by the lst of January, 1854, to Windsor, opposite Detroit.—Buffalo Express, ALLEGED Rospgry or Firreen Taovsand Dou: LARS IN Bt. Louis —A robbery of $14,955 has been re- ported to the police of the city, but the mystery which surrounds it is puzzling the shrewdest ameng the bedy. Mr. Morgan Sackett, a dry merchant, from Terre Haute, Ind., is the reputed victim. Mr. Sackett arrived in ag: cit; hha a a come ag last Thursday, and took up igs a irginia Hotel. He alleges ‘hat he brought with him the large amount of money men- tioned, for the purpose of baying wheat. It consisted in part, ashe says, of ton $600 om the Bank of Russelville. The remainder was in currency eseiealy on Kentucky banks. This mcmey he states that he kept ins carpet bag, which contained also part of his wearing apparel On Saturday, taking the carpet bag with him, he went to the broker's office of Messrs. & Co., to purchase Fastern exchange. There he discovered that his bag had been ripped open, the money taken out, and its place filled up again with coarse brown paper. Search was im- mediately instituted, and the police adviséd of the matter, but the rest remains in darkness Whether the money poke vo ie Sele boat or in this city, we lerstand canno' itively.— St, Lowis Democrat, Nov. ‘ita 4 Firg i Crxornnatt—A little Before midaight fire was discovered in the back part of the Re tablishment of J. M. Tooker & Co., carriage makers, on the north side of Seventh street, between and Wal nut streets. The flames rapidly spread throughout the building, and communicated to the livery stable of W. M Clark, The horses in stable and the carriages were with exertion saved. The building of Tooker & Co, was eatirely sia tly ota wabineyint sae i carria, ut ‘ani to the Methodist Book Canoera, was comiderably dam- oged, Mr. Tooker, we understand, was in part insured; further, as to insurance, we did mot learn. Total loss $7,000.—Cincinnali Commercial, Nov. 3. Great Fins ty LarcrsreR, Mass.—Eaat Horses viD.—On the 2d inst. the extensive one hundred feet long, owned and occu; lism Hatch, were discovered to be in flames. wi with eight valuable horses, was consumed, te valued at $150 two fat hogs, twenty tons of hay, and two hundred bushels of oats, re was an insurance of $100 om the barn. All the rest isa total which Samet De Ieee an hee. The fire is sup, to be of an incendiary. ‘The satliog of the ition te Liberia haa teem postponed telnet of Oem ee ders, gives up the election, and sends up a wailing lameat for the declining condition of its party. The Wasbi: Union over to the abolitiea- ists—glad of it—want no such ih in our ranka, John J. McRae, secession cancidate for Governor, has come out in favor of imposing a direct tax by the met Legislature to pay the Planters’ Bank bonds. GENERAL CASS ENDORSING EX-SENATOR FOOTH— GENERAL FOOTR’S LETTER. Ocrosxe 16, 1868, Sm—You will please give immediate publication to the inclosed letter from that wise and ti cratic statesman Gen. Lewis Cass. WO Ox; observations will, perha; wholly out of piace: A few weeks ago, when in of Ripley, in Tippah. sounty, I received through the hands of my excellent friend B..N. Kinyon, Faqr., » written communication from a highly respectable source, in the county of Tishomingo, giving me information that we Fecbineies in “ef sr pana paper a 2 mentioned coi , ina Address, bud declared, of his own knowlege, that tay “standing in the Senate of the United States had become 40 bad that a large majority of that body desired my de- es Ae fore he, Mr. ing? no longer possessed share of the contidence of that veneratod’ patriot.” Twas quite sur prired, of courve, at the reception of this intelligence, but remained as patient for a few days under the grie- vous injury, which appeared to have been done me by the author of the brated resolution: of censure, aa could be reasonably expected; per! I declined apseranee of ne oe a i of tolerably com} in the prem until reaching the Leki ot Seat, Aviat bona — ie considerable oe, r of the firs ns, in point of respestabili Tishomingo county, that they had all ‘soderstood "Mr. McRae as explicitly using the lapguage in his Farmingtes address above set forth. I assented, uoder the advice ef several judicious friends, to the i being at once addressed on the cordingly done, the result of w! follows:— letter whieh Dsrrorr, Sept. 26, 1658, Sir—I have just been informed that it haa recently been reported in Miaclasippl that “the standing of Gover- nor Foote in the Senate become so bad that a large majority of that srg eu greg his defeat in the contest now pending, and that he had wholly lost my coma- nce.” It is due to myself and to truth—not to Governor Foote, for he needs{ne justification from me—that I should state, that ro far as my name is connected with}the re; there is not the slightest foundation for the assertion. are Feesnae ke entitled to, my full confidence, founded ea his te character, his public conduct, and his emineat intellectual endowments. Nor have! ever heard nor dol believe, that s majority of the Senate ever ex: | age @ desire that he should be defeated in his canvass for # seat in that body. On the contrary, I am satisfied that a large portion of the members would be at his re toration to his former position. Certainly it does not become me to take any part in the struggle now go- ing on in the State of Mississippi, but, under the oireum- stances in which my name has{been’ used, I am free to say that I would joyfully welcome him to a seat us, satisfied that his constituents could not be re by ® better nor abler citizen, nor could the interests ef his country be committed ‘to a firmer or purer patriot, ready in the hour of trial to meet all dangers, and, if be, to sacrifice bintself to the perpetuity of |the Union, Very by taper boots obedient servant, To the Hon B, N. Kinyon. LEWIS Cass. I cheerfully submit this affair, with all the other acts of injustice and cold-blooded persecution to which I have been subjected within the last three , to the calna consideration of the fair minded and enlightened body of independent voters, who will decide ‘“‘at the ballot box,’ ia November next, upon my own meri‘s, as wel as w thore of my ints, H. 8B. Ex-Members of ‘From the Washi Star, Nov. tae are seid have Laight in Wi ie TF approaching session from their ph ia- their to to sixty ex-members, who come to sé! fluence for hard cash on the nail and contingencies; influence aforeraid for such consideration to get through Congrers any legislation whatever put money in the ets of the payees. Some of these gentlemen have followed this business for years until they are well known around the halla Of Congress as “lobby members.” Their former position in the; lic service gives them at all times an entree into chambers, which affords advant for electio: schemes on the rally, Their knowledge of the rules governing saction of business in Congress also makes them some- what derirable legis! shared much of the public money which never should have left the treasury of the United States. Little it does them, however, asin spite of our laws efforts of our police, faro banks still flourish in Waabing- ton. We have reason to believe that a heavy foros of this description is already engeged to work through Con- ile it x derigaed to get the, goverament to bu wi is it to baild road, and then to virtually make it a it to a dosen or so speculators in nearly every State in the Union. ‘These ex-members are to be paid for their here in stock, provided they earry the project aball have to keep our attention fixed upon them affec- oom As they show ford on we thee pve the public, and more especially honest mem! Congress, what schemes on the treasury each may have in hand, #0 that they may beware of the plots of these gent The rules of the House and Senate should promptly be so amended as that ex-members, claim agents, or drummers, oye eg from the halis, as other claim agents are excluded. Obituary. Dr. Jostan Noyss, says the Utica Herald, of the 4tn inst., formerly professor in Hamilton College. oxpired sidence, on Tuesday evening, the Ist inst. life and associations of Dr. Noyes have worthy of public notice, now that his career is closed. He was a native of New Hampshire, and graduated from Dartmouth College in 1801. Among his classmates was Daniel Webster, between whom and himself a close friendship was formed, which continued until the death of the former. Among the last labors of Dr. Noyes was the Atte? out his reminiscences of Mr. Webster's ool- lege life, at the request of the literary executors of that eminent statesman. Dr. Ne received his medical ms from Dartmonth in 1806, and then served his mater two years asatutor. Next he was elected fesror of chemistry and pharmacy in the Fairfield Usl- lege. Atthe organization of Hamilton in 1812, he was invited to the chair of chemistry and natural scienee. His ascociates in the original faculty of Hamilton, were Dr. Backus, Prof. Norton, and Dr. ; of these, De. 8 now of Rutgers College, is the sole survivor. Im 1830, Noyes’ labors as a B pe og closed. The re- La bareig of his life were devoted to rural and scies- ic pursuits. Dr) NATRANTRL S. Prentiss died at West Cambri Maas., on the 6th inst., where for the last few years has resided with his son-in law, Rev. Mr. Banvard. It is but a few weeks since the papers noticed a presentation of a service of plate to him in Cambridge by reveral of his former pupils. He waseighty-seven years of age. Tovnists 1x AMERICcA.—Miss Bremer has won for herself ne enviable Bo oe 9 for truth or ace! ia her work on this country. The Southern Chriaian Adee. cate says that her description of a camp meeting held near leston, at whi 16 was present, “is a broad caricature,” and the New York Evening Pott. in its notiee of her work, points out how unfortunate she has been in her desorip'ion of United States Senators. She says that Governor Seward, who is native of Orange county, New York, is a Bostonian. Dickinson, of New York, describes as ‘cold-blooded Senator from Alabams.!? Colonel Benton catries a pistol and a bowie knife. Foote is a nervous little man, who, gn one occasion, placed @ pistol against Benton’s breast; but the deadly weapon was taken from his hand by the Senator from Alabama, and upon examivation it was proved to be unloaded. Miss Bremer likens Benton tos hawk, and Foote to a and entertains the opinion that the dove is in considera- ble danger from the hawk. Mr. Foste will, no doubt, feel himself highly flattered Ls ing comparison! The deve of Mississippi! Sweet rd | These blunders, to a greater or less extent, character. ize most of the works written by the flash novelists aad tourists who visit this country, and now-a-days every foreigner who comes here t! ithisor her duty te write a book, each aiming to give the literary world a taller specimen of romai an his predecessor. Miss Bremer has done well in this line. Tue ArrLe Trapg.—Some idea of the value of applee, says the Rome, (N. Y.) Sentinel, as an artisle of rofit to the farmer, may be found in the fact that ne a8 than 22,000 barrels have been pui be Se buyers, chiefly in the towns of Kirkland, Marshall sad Augusta, and shipped east to market. The amouat re- ceived is probably about $20,000. The Roo tays the crop of this valuable fruit is light in that see- tion, Buyers for the eastern markets have been active in purshasing the products of many orchards. No less than 600 barrels were shipped by canal from that elty, lays. eastward, in the last two 16 prices bas been about $1'26 por barrel, enn - bap Nona , CAROL Ina. Sanaa Ry ‘erry, convic' of mar wife, was 6! ; fons over near Raleigh, N.C., on the 28th ult. He at i Ug Rat his Mee was well in his yard, for yurpose of lifting a ter out, which ‘she hed’ jant drawn, caught her by the Pe] and heaatd she caught hold of t! way to get out unhurt, when windlass to which the rope was and tumbled it down on Senator, was on Bullitt, iter of Wm. C. Bullit We observe: that