The New York Herald Newspaper, November 7, 1853, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD.: JAMES GORDON BENN PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, BvPICS N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NAS AU STS. ee DAILY HERALD 2 cents per copy—87 per cnnwm. WEEKLY HERALD every Sauedry ct \'q conte or $3 per annum; the Buroyeam Edition $4 jer an- emasere y Sven Britain, and $6 tg any part of the to include postage. RMS cash in advance. . , ALL LETTERS by mail for Svbscri; tions, or with A ver- te $0 be geet git oF the gostage wilt be de weted jrom LONTIRY )RRESPONDENCE, containing news. solicited from any quarter of the world; 1/ paid for, BQ UR Foksien « RRESPO! Sea tamereusace sequesran ve onan att Lerrene 43D Aone one oe EIR talon of anonymous communications We do G enecuted with neatness, cheapness and those B PRIN’ VBR TISEMENTS renewed wery dav. Mc : - TT, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, ROWERY-THEATRE, Bowory—CivitizaTion—hoyes DE Vener. BROADWAY THEATRE, Brosdwsy—Crviizati0n— Bry Baker WIBLO’S, Brondway— BURTON'S THEATRE, Papanre anv Guanvis NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham etreet—-Unctr Tom's Bane. ANIELLO. bers street—Pavr Pry—To WALLACK’S THEATR: Ma, ane Mus. P. Warr. Brosdway—Love axp Money Own— AMERICAN KMUSBUM—At\ernoon—Quren’s @rare Sacnets ; Evening—U sce Tom's Canin. FRANCONI'S HIPPY wm and Evening—En ne, ko. e ROME, Madison 04 isa Steevie Cua BOWERY AMPHITUEATRE, 37 Bowery—Equesrrian Wenronmancne. . CHRISTY’S AMERICAN 0} IAN MeLovies BY ( A HOUSE, 472 Broadway v's MixeT NEL. WOOD'S MINSTREL’S, Wood's Minstrel Hall, 444 Brood- wej—Erniorian Minerne BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, 539 Brosdway—Brexter’'s Bruorian Orena Trove, RANVARD'S GEORAXA, 6% Breadway—Pavonama OF wme Hor Lanny. HOPE CHAPEL, 71° Brosdway—Fraxkenstern’s Paxo- Bama or NiaGanas. RBENISH CRLLERY, 663 Broadway—Day and Evenjog. SIGNOR BLITZ—Srvvvxsant Iverirvrs, 659 Broadway. ACADEMY HALL, 663 Broadway—Peruam's Curt Exii- Server or THE Sxvex Mite Minnor. POWELL'S GREAT NATIONAL PAINTING ron tHe MRNMENT 18 NOW OPEN AT THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OY Sooo oo icontwsy. OO New York, Monday, November 7, 1853. Mails for Europe. RE WEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. ‘The royal mail steamship Niagara, Capt. Leitch, will eave Boston on Wedugsday, at 12 o'clock, for Liverpool. Sabsoriptions anc advertisements for sny edition of the ‘ew Youu Hemi will be received at the following places & Burope — Laymnpooi—John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street, Lennom—Eawards, Sandford & Co., Cornhill. ba ‘Wm. Thomas & Co., No. 19 Catherine street, Pams—Livingston, Wells & Co., Rue de la Bourse, “ B,B, Reyoil, No, 17 Rue de ls Banque, Me Buropean mails will close in this city at a quarter ‘to three o’cleck to-merrow afternoon. ‘The War Hau will be published at half-past nine Weloek to-morrow morning. Single copies, in wrappers, ipence. News. ‘The ontline of the two weeks later intelligence fom California, published exclusively in yesterday's Hunan, together with the additional facts furnished ‘to-day, are of far greater importance to the inhabi- fants of the Atlantic States than would appear from ‘@ mere casual inspection. The miners, of late, had ‘deen unusually successful in the pursuit of treasures; ‘and as asubstantial proof of their prosperity it is aeported that two of the three steamers which sail Mer Panama from San Francisco on the léth ult., Ahad two millions three hundred and thirty thousand @ellars in gold on freight; and the amount on board ‘the other vessel, together with that in the hands of various passengers, will probably swell the total to about three millions+ This large sum could never Ihave been transmitted to us at a more opportune Moment, as it may in some measure tend to relieve ‘We stringency in financial circles, partly fill up the vacuum caused by the immense drains of specie from ‘ms by Europe upon the departure of every steamer, ‘and alzo possibly save from ruin several heavily in- ‘volved establishments, which are represented to be n the verge of suspension. In this point of view fhe news is of considerable importance. ‘The destruction of property to the value of a mil- Son and a half of dollars, by the burning of the entire town of Sonora, seems to be a circum: stance of comparatively trifling importance when ‘the proverbial enterprise and indomitable perseve- vance of the Californians, under numerous similar mishaps, are taken into consideration. By this time it ie reasonable to suppose the larger portion of the Darnt district has been rebuilt, and a stranger on visiting the place a month hence would scarcely @iscover that any calamity had occurred to mar the neue] routine of daily business. Progress is the word among Californians. Every person who takes an interest in the struggle . Jor Irish independence will be gratified to learn that Jobn Mitchel has at length arrived ina land of freedom. He is said to have reached San Francisco from the Sandwich Islands, on the 12th of October, ‘He was to partake of # public dinner prior to his de- parture for the Atlantic States. yp ‘The price of ficur is reported to have somewhat vecovered from its great depression in San Fran- cisco—other articles of merchandise, however, re- mained as per pervious advices, extremely dall. & In addition to the California news, the Daniel ‘Webster brings some very important information from the Sandwich Islands, the details of which will be looked for with anxiety. It is said that another land decided step had been taken towards the an” nexation of the islands to the United States, and that, in consequence, protests had been entered by the representatives of Great Britain and France What avail these protests are likely to have is indi- cated in the significant fact that King Kemehame ha’s Minister of Finance has been removed, and the late United States Consul installed in his place. We publish this morning « corrected list of the i We say a corrected list, but as ets having two or three candi ten, each claiming to have been regularly nominat- eG, it is next to impossible to tell which is the right ame. Under these circumstances, and in justice to the public and to themselves, we would advise the wandidates on each yi to publish cards in the Jeading papers, defining their position. If they will Go this there can be no mistakes made, such as vot- ing for the wrong man. Mr. Cooley has a few words to say to Gen. Dix, in another colamn, which will doubtless be read with attention by those interested in the dispute between the two gentlemen. We miss the continuation of the cnrious political expositions from Washington by our special corres- pondent, Alert. However, another writer has for- warded a despatch containing a few items with ro- gard to the causes of disorganization in the Cabinet, which will be found quite interesting. It ir intimated that those who are anxious to serve their country had Detter wait a few weeks before sending in their ap- plications, as the entire civil and diplomatic isin process of reconstruction, and may be expevted tobe promulgated shortly after the meeting of Congress. The Africa’s news appears to have had no ma rial effect on the New Orleans cotton market. T staple was still very du'] on Saturday, and anained unchanged. The cholera is sald te be committing dresdfal havoc amaong the inbobitants of Yucatan. In the town of Meyda, at } nts, they were dying at the rate one hundred a day. has likewise ceased its terrible ravages in nearly all ‘the cities and towas of Louisiana, Mississippi and | Alabama, and the frightened people are fast return- ing to their homes and ayocations, Our columus are again overowing to-day with entertaining yolitical, scientific, commercial and | | miscellaneons intelligence from all quarters, as will be seen by the following partial list of contents :— Political and Gostipp'ng Letters from Philadelphia and Providence; Queer and Spicy Communica- tion relative to Mr. Bennett's application for the French Misé’on ; Review of Paintings and Statuary in and around the public buildings at Washington ; Various Extracts concerning eventsin the Old World; Operstic and Theatrical Reviews; Financial and Trade Reports, &c. Anglo-American and African Labor—The Decline of tne Old Parties, and the Reor- ganization of a New One on the Basis of the Constitation. We are in the midst of anew era in politics. The disorganization of the old parties, the dis- ruption of old bonds, and the reformation and reorganization of the political elements of the country, are apparent, The questions of bank, or tariff, or internal improvements, that have divided,men, are no longer at issue. Higher questions have risen—greater interests are at stake; and these must be decided and main- tained by the common patriotism of the Ameri- can people. Let us glance at our past history and to our present condition in proof of this. Mr. Jefferson opened his political career by asserting and maintaining the liberty of the press against the policy of Adams and Hamil- ton. His election to the Presidency was the first great triumph or demoeracy on that issue— the first era in American politics. The second was the defeat of the carrency policy of Ham- ilton and his associates, which was postponed to the days of General Jackson, and by bim fully consummated. Meanwhile, the tariff has had an undulating motion, and has vibrated between the two great parties; but that ques- tion has been definitively settled by the rapid growth and limited expenses of the country. Next came slavery agitation—a pervading ele- ment of disturbance. The whigs seized it asa means of reviving a drooping cause; but it did not help them—it killed them. They could not disturb that element of our system without impairing the constitution. The story is writ- ten by saying that the constitution was stronger than the whigs—it triumphed—they were de- feated and disgraced. With such an example before them the democracy were strong. They became the champions of the Union, and thus elected their President and a majority of both branches of Congress. But they could not bear prosperity. They, too, must bid for agitators— they must strike at the friends of the Union— they must fall. Meanwhile, a party has risen up in this country, based upon the constitution and its solid truits, gathered from the labor of more than sixty years. It recognises the union of the States as its* highest aim—a question be- fore which all qnestions of local policy pale into positive insignificance. It is an expression of an honest sentiment, with moral courage enough to declare that in the equilibrium now existing between voluntary and involuntary labor is to be found a great source of our pros- perity. All enlightened economists agree that labor is the primary source of wealth and of individ" nal and national success. The American goy- ernment embraces two great divisions, work- ing in harmony, and producing fruits unexam- pled in the history of the world. These are Anglo-American and African. The latter has signally triumphed in those regions where cli- mate has excluded the former in the produc- tions of rice, cotton, and sugar. It has opened and peopled the Valley of the Mississippi ; it has purchased Louisiana and Florida; it has conquered Texas; it caused the Jate war with Mexico, and the consequent acquisition of Cali- fornia and the territory of New Mexico, thus opening the most feasible railroad route to the Pacific. 1t has given us maritime supremacy on that ocean, and has placed within the reach of our enterprise the control of the commerce of China and Japan. It has largely contribu- ted to extend our commercial relations with the West Indies and with Central and & America, It has essentially aided to establish and maintain for us an extensive and profitable indirect carrying trade between the States of the Southern Continent of America and Europe Jt has secured to the manufacturers of the North a certain and reliable market for the goods, and has thus built up an internal com- merce which has no parallel in the history of trafic. It has provided our agricultural and mechanical skill with material of employment at once limitless and profitable. It sustains our great ‘cotton manufactures, on which large masses are employed in our own country, and in others as many more are dependent upon their labor. These are among the cbvious fruits of African service as we find it in the United States; and all this has been accom- plished without creating or actually ex- tending slavery except by the natural pro- cess of increase. No man desires its extension in the trne sense of that word. Its diffusion over a larger territory, and with a view to its more profitable employment, in no rationel judgment cen be said to extend it. As well might a man be said to enlarge his family by distributing its members into various places. If such a process hed any effect upon slavery, as a relation between man and man. it must be to weaken and not to strengthen it. It may inerease the aggregate productions of that spe- cies of labor, but not the number of persons em- ployed in it. The other branch of American labor has been equally, and even more succeseful. The con tion of the great agricultural, mechanical, and manufacturing interests of the North, attest this truth. We need only refer to ita cities, its rail- roads, its machinery, its endless round of indus- try, its commerce, its enterprise, its capital, ite fearless and untiring energy, to prove thie, Jt is the great home of the emigrant, who, released from the burdens of oppression on the other side of the water, seeks undisturbed labor and happiness on this, The climate and the pecu- liar products of the North are better adapted to his constitution and qualifications than io the South. Within much less than half a con- tury six millions of people have become inha- bitents of a single region of the States where filly years ago the Indian had sole possession and government. W from 1840 to 1850, a single State of the Nor est gained nearly nine hundred pe nt or P tion. In prodneing this resuli no extr nary canze is seen to have or and effe wo great systems 0 referred have been operat thie government, It would be doing BDatee from Texse vo tho lot inst, announce that J #¢ common rense, not more than to common the yellow fever bad deapocared. ‘The epidemic | honesty, to insist that they have acted in oppo- sition to each other and in violation of the true interests of the American people. Far better is | it to admit the obvious conclusion to which their effects lead us: that the two branches of labor have, in their joint operation, produced a measure of national and individual prosperity which could have been secured by no other procees of industry. Each seems to be exactly fitted to pertorm the office assigned it in the general economy of the whole system. The men of the North would perish in ihe rice, cotton, and sugar fields ofthe South; they are neither qual- ified physically or adapted mentally for such labor. The men of the South surely are wholly disqualified to perform the difficult and exacting duties of Northern industry in all its varied branches. The union of the two interests under the same political organization which assures an entire freedom of intercourse and an unre- stricted exchange of productions was precisely what was required to give to each iis due weight in government and the greatest possible mate- | rial advance and prosperity. It is a remarkable fact, that where on this Continent there is a union between African and American labor there is to be found the greatest thrift and the most unquestioned pros- perity, and that where such union has been severed it hag been by violence, and has been tollowed by decay, poverty and ignorance. Ja- maica was divorced from involuatary servitude, and, although controlled by the most economica} and enlightened government in Durope, is a scene of utter rnin, while Cuba, governed by more than despotic tyranny, is successful almost without example. Mexico, with a fertile soil, a genial climate, boundless miveral wealth, with every elemental advantage, is ignorant, de- based, beneath contempt; while Brazil, with less advantages, and with a stubborn, unyiclding system of restrictions drying up the very sources of her wealth, in union with Afri- ean labor is successful and prosperous. Here, too, before us, is a better illustra- tion, in our own and the condition of our Canadian neighbors. They have a climate and soil susceptible of immense production. Their iineral wealth is also great. They have facili- ties for both internal and foreign commeree, and the all elements which, if properly directed and employed, insure boundless material pro- gress. They have, too, great numbers of Afri- can people; but they receive them into relations which make them paupers and not producers. In England the great suecess of her system is clearly traceable to the union of voluntary and involuntary service. At home the aristocracy, consisting of about twenty-five thousand fami- lies, are the owners of the real estate, while the millions below them work it at that point which will barely support animal existence. The free laborer in England receives not more than one-third of the provisions per day that the slave of the United States receives—less than one-half of what the suspected, the con- victed, and the transported thief of that coun- try receives. Yet the British government, by bringing to its treasury the result of the invol- untary labor of its East Indfa possessions, amounting to twenty-nine millions of pounds sterling yearly, has been eminently successful. Like the same species of industry in the United States, though secured at great: disadvantage, it has stimulated commerce, opened markete for manufactures, enlarged territorial bounda- ries, fomented private enterprises whose con- quests have made the world tributary to the Bri- tish merchant. But perhaps the most forcible iMustration of. he success in the employment of African in connection with voluntary labor, is found in the condition of Spain and ber West India colonies, The home government is in process of certain and rapid decay. Poverty, dishonesty, a disregard of the commonest decenetes of life, violation of treaties and of the comity of nations, rapacious seizures of private fortunes and their conver sion to the pockets ofhungry official, connivance with the African slave trade for the miserable pittance it yields to the royal family, is but a | feeble outline of its condition and history. Un- like England and her East India possessions, | with the goversment of Madrid and its colo- nies there are no social, political, and very limited commercial relations. The connection between them is precisely that which exists ie- tween the traveller and the highwayman. Com- mencing her career under the Moore with forty millions of inhabitants, with fourteen rich provinces, exhaustless mineral wealth, un- doubted commercial supremacy, Spain is ro- ‘duced now to ten millions, while Cuba and Porto Rico are her only notable remaining pos- sessions, The latter employ African laber, and though still under Spanish rule, and plundered at each recurring harvest, are thrifty, prosper- ous and successful. Scit was in Rome. So long as that ancient power united in her system voluntary and in- voluntary labor she commanded the respect of nations ; when she severed that union she gave ® fatal blow to her own internal prosperity and secured her decline and fall. Russia is now the most unmitigated slave power in the world. Ber political sysiem is one of inherent dependance and servitude, African dependance in this country ie licen- tious liberty compared with the Russian system of bondage ; and so, indeed, is it practically, when compared with the relation of landlord and tenant in England. There is ten times more suffering in the tenant relations in Great Britain than under slavery in the United States. The evils of the different kinds of dependance ought to be measured by what they deprive the laborer of. In this view involuntary service in the United States would be as aheavenly re- treat fromthe relations of landlord and tenant in England. Those who comtrol the government have been satisfied with low intrigues and peity political management. ‘hey have not risen up to the spirit of the Armerican people. They have lost sight of the great destiny which the constitu- tion has guarantied to us in a disgracofal seramble for spoile. We require practical mea- sures, with a view of giving cxpression to our political system, which the popular sentiment of the country ie ever ready to snstain. In this view the equilibrium between the two great classes of labor must be maintained. This can only be done by opening Southern California, Northern Texas and Nebraska to African service. Jt is idle to theorize about the “Halance of power” between the two sections of labor in the United States. It ts not, and rightly considered never oan be, a political question—it is a great economical problem, in which the highest interests of mankind are In- volved, and which no mere morbid philanthropy rhould be permitted tointerfere with. Tho day has come when politicians must decline and statermen of comprehensive minds control the public administration, The issnoia presented — Jet it be decided. Our Representatives Abroad. On Saturday last, three of our foreign miniz- tere—the envoys to Turkey, China and France— were to have received their final instructions from the State department. preparatory to their immediate departure. Ere they leave us, it will not be amiss to let them and the govern- ment know what is thought of them and their colleagues by the American people. We will not follow the example of John Van Buren and Captain Rynders, who have publicly stigmatized one of the foreign appointees of the administration, as a man soiled with the basest vices, and habitually haunting the lowest den: of infamy. “Such charges may possibly carry weight with certain classes, and can hardly fail to bring discredit on the government; but we shall leave the monopoly of such weapons to the Van Buren party. The miserable ineffi- ciency of the foreign miniaters appointed by the present administration can be shown plain- ly enough, without stirring the puddle of pri vate life. If we except the mission to England, the three mentioned above are far the most impor- tant offices in our foreign staff. In any oue of the three, energy and talent on the part of our representative must confer material benefit on this country; while ignorance or inefficiency can hardly fail to inflict serious injury on our best interests, The Paris mission, which has always been regarded ag one of great difficulty, was never more likely to test the ability of a diplomatist than at the present moment. It is by no means certain that some combination among the continental sovereigns, or sort of holy alliance, will not grow out of the present Turkish movement. Such a step might not be jndicious on the part of France, Austria or Pussia; but the pressure of ciroumstancee, the growing in- subordination of the masses, and the general poverty of their exchequers, may drive them into it, as adernier resort. In the event of any similar occurrence, we have already seen what course England might be expected to parsue. Our own could be still less a matter of contro- versy. The masses, who at this very moment are parading the streets of Leghorn, with flags inscribed “ Viva l'Americe,” and chalking on walls: “Viva Ingraham! Viva il General Pierce!” would then turn confidently to our toreign envoys, and solicit substantial evidence of our sympathy with their cause. A more diffi- cult position for an ambassador can hardly be conceived. If, yielding to impulse, and unable to determine from experience the character of the movement and ite chances of success, he should give comfort to the revolutionary cause, its defeat might in- volve us in foreign ware, and would, at all events, prodace an estrangement in our rela- tions with European Powers that would be se- tiously felt by our trade. If, on the other hand, he should stand aloo! from the struggles of popula: liberty, shut bie ear to the cry of the insurgent , and testify by his attitude that our sympathies are on the side of the established despotisms, he would act falsely to us, and might, if victory awaited the insurrectionist cause, imprint an indelible stain onthe Ameri- can name. Ineuch a dilemma, what could be expected from Mr. Meson? Has his experience fitted him for deciding on the proper moment to speak out for liberiy? Has he enjoyed any opportunities of becoming acquainted with the character of popular movements in Europe, so as to discriminate between an incipient revolution and a fitful émeute? Could he even read a French or German newe- paper? We mean no disparagement to Mr. Mason’s abilities. If he had been appointed to regnlate the democracy of Virginia, or entrusted with the duty of superintending the agricu)- tural societies of that beautiful State, we are sure that he would have done himself credit, and the country good. Bui to send him to Pa- ris, where he will know no one, understand nothing, and will hardly learn the names of men and things in his four years, is as cruel to him, poor man, as it is treacherous to us to confide our interests to an envoy who can hard- } ly fail to act timidly or rashly, when either ti- | midity or rashness are sure to entail infinite | disaster. Of Mr. Spence, our minister to Turkey, the country knows little. He is, we believe, a Bal- timore lawyer, and as complete a stranger to foreign politics as Mr. Mason is to French. He is probably aware that there is some trouble in Turkey just now; and thai the Russiang have been making a terrible noise in that part of the world during the last twelve months. He may know more than this; if he does, he is an excep- tion to the avérage standerd of men in his posi- tion and with his experience. But we have no reason to believe he does. This is the ambassa- dor, who, if the sovereigns of western Europe retolve to act fn concert to prevent the absorp tion of Turkey by Russia, and to establish a new Christian power at Constantinople, will be called upon to speak the sentimente and pro- tect the interests of the United States. Does a succegeful career at the Baltimore bar (Mr. Spence has, we helieve, no other antecedents,) offer any guarantee that we shall be efficiently represented at that important crisis, and that this tyro in politics will be able to cope with the first diplomatists of Europe ? We are almost inclined to regard the Chinese mission as the most important of all. So much of the fature advancement of our Pacific poases- sions will depend on the arrangements which are made with the new Chinese Government, and so many opportunities will be offered during the present struggle for obtaining vast con- cessions to our trade, that our Minister to China may very possibly have the most arduous task of our whole diplomatic corps. Mr. Mc Lane, who hae been appointed to the post, differs from his colleagues, in having acquired some little experience while attaché to hie father’s embassy, and also, while a member of Congress. But hie European reminiscences will not avail him much at Canton, snd his practice as a debater can hardly be of much service with the Taoutaes. The true requisites for the post were a thorough acquaintance with the practi- cal details of trade, and an intimate knowledge of the wants and resources of our Pacific littoral. Does Mr. McLane possess these? Will it not—in a word--be a miracle if he does not let slip opportunity after opportunity, and finally suffer the Eng)ish to carry off the Chineeo prize? Viewed abstractly, these three appo'niments ean hardly be criticised too severely. Re- garded relatively to the other foreign appoint- ments, however, they are perhaps deserving of approval. Messrs. Mason, Spence, end MoLano are neither broken down socialists nor Jow bankers, None of the three is a foreigner who was kicked out of his own country in conse quence of bia insane turbulence, and hes since proved the wisdom of the government which expelled him. None of the three ie o man ot such notoriously bod characier that tho Cours to which he is sent sball deem it due to itself to refuse to receive him. It can be said of none of them that he forced himself into the Presi- dent's favor by publishing disreputable cam- paign articles, and would, by his violence and clamor, have carned the execration, if he had not earned the ridicule of all sensible men. Finally, reckless orators cannot hurl in the teeth of the Cabinet, in speaking of any of the three, the blasting imputation that the State has ransacked the lowest dens of vice for our foreign ministers. Our APPLiqaTION ror THE Frencu Mission.— This important movement is going on as favor- ably as could be expected, considering the con- fused condition of the Cabinet, the sad rents made in the pantaloons of the chief men, and the’ terrible turmoil brought upon them at Washington. In a day or two we expect, either by electric telegraph, or spiritual telegraph, or some sort of a telegraph. to receive all the pa- pers, and documenis, and letters, which may be on file in any of the departments at Wash- ington, including the White House, relative to that important application. We shall tell the whole truth, for we have no concealment about the matter. The discssion of our capacity and fitness for that important post in Paris has slackened somewhat of late with newspapers; but we expect to see it renewed after the elec- tion in this State, and more particularly after the meeting of Congress. Ifthe present Secre- tary of State, Mr. Marey, and hie red-republican agsistant, do not make up their minds to favor our application, we shall go to work and hoist them out of their places by a power beyond their reach. But we have some hopes of pro- curing the aid and asrsistance of Marcy in the eppointment. George N. Sanders, after cutting up Marcy in the most savage manner for months in the defunct Democratic Beview, was appointed by the Secretary of State—nolens volens we sus- pect—to the honorable post of Consul to London. Daniel E. Sickles, who did all he could to prevent Marcy’s appointment as Secretary of State, and who opposed him tooth and nail in every way, has received from the same department ihe honorable post of Secretary of Legation to Lon- don., Taking these safe precedents into con- sideration, we think that we have some claims upon Marcy for his favor, as we have done our Best to show up Marcy—breeches and all—ever since he behaved in a mean and treacherous manner io us without any cause in the year 1832, when we helped to make him Governor of the State, and for this kindness he tried to de- stroy the little name aud reputation we then had. We think, therefore, that we have some prospect of succeeding with Marcy. In the meantime, prepare for the developments that are‘coming. Savace ATTACK ON ONE oF Marcy’s Ar- POINTMENTS.— We have seen nothing in the way of personalities or political vituperation at all to be compared to the recent attacks made on one of Marcy’s foreign appointments—that, namely, of Secretary of Legation to London— by his two file leaders, John Van Buren and Captain Rynders, in Tammany Hall. These distinguished orators--the one the head, the other the tail, of Tammany Hall—give a little insight into the foreign appointments, which will not only startle the President, but--if they understand the allusions—will make the Queen of England and the British ministry stand aghast at the character of the present adminis- tration of the American government. What awful dieclosures have been made receiftly in Tammany Hall by the especial friends of the Secretary of State and the new leaders of the free soil democracy who now possess that anti- quated building! We doubt whether it is ne- cessary for ue to say much more against the Cabinet or their unfitness for office. The advo- cates and supporters of the spoils Cabinet will soon finish the business that we commenced only @ month ago. Is it not time for the Presi- dent of the United States, who certainly is the only man ofthe present administration entitled to any respect, to see the necessity of taking some steps to put an end to a Cabinet which has introduced such scenes of demoralization and diegrace as have been manifested in the distribution of the spoils, and the appointments to office, ever since they have been appointed in March last up to the present day ? Joun Van Buren Grvrxe Apvice.—In one of his recent speeches delivered in Tammany Hall, John Van Buren undertakes to give us a good deal of sensible advice in reference to the general management of a newspaper. Now we are very much obliged to John, but really we think we understand how to ‘manage a news- paper as well as he does. Nay, more; we think that if we could not manage a lawsuit against Charles O’Conor better than he did the Forrest divorce case, we would tear our diploma to pieces, abandon the bar of the courts, and stick to the bar of the grogshop for ever after. In- stead of wasting advice upon us, we would ad- vise John to study hie law books a little more, ond he might thus perhaps manage to make the reputation for himself of a fourth or fifth rate lawyer at al) events, Obituary. LEW18 6. BAMERSLEY, ESQ., OF NEW YORE. ‘We have to record the death of another old and re- apected citizen of New York. Mr. Lewis ©. Hamereley died at his residence in this city on the 4th inet., at the advanced age of eighty ceven yearr, Fie was a wealthy, retired merchant, of an ancient New York family, of Eog- lish origin, several of the members of which acquired large fortunes by commercial pursuite. The eubject of this notice was known a8 a prominent merchant in the hardware branch of trade for about half a sextury. Among those who flourished as importers of hardware in thin city previour to the war of 1912, an4 some of them vubsequently, may be mentioned Moses Rogers, William ‘W. Woolsey, Benjamin W. Rogers, Eliphalet Williams, Jamen 1, Roosevelt, Tredwell & Kissam, Thomas R, Smith, ‘William Irving, Ebenezer Irving, Lewis G. & Thomas Hamerrley. Most of these gentlemen acquired fortunes dy the busineen in which they were engaged. During the war of 1812 some of the hardware houses wore tery euc- cevafal in business by the receipt of large importations from England, which arrived here directly after the de- claration of war, and were benefitted, not only by the great adyarce of prices which took place in all foreign merchandise, but by the return of the fo: ed duties by an act of Cougress, obtained through t1 fluence ef Mr, Cheven, of South ‘Carolina, who made a powerful speech in Congres, in favor of releasing the mervbante’ bonds on goods imported from Fingland contrary 10 law, but when ‘the shippers on the other ride ef the Atlantic were igno- rant of the declaration of war by the United States, Marino Affairs. ‘Te Svnewsre Earrme Crev, having been thoroughly overhauled, proceeded down the bay yesterday morning op & trial trip, Williamsebarg City News, Roun Ronnany.—The grocery store of Mr. Taves, corner of 2oath Plevt and Pifth atree'a, was entered on Friday pight, and $260, in and silver, taken from the lucne ‘pockets of Mie, who was asleep ia a sua! off the store, Counrereeit Money.—Counterfeit tenn on tha Bank of Stamford, Conneetiont, have recently hoon put in ci Jation in this city, The principal eperators in tho ci lntion of there bills are women. The execution of theve Dills in well calonlated to deceive tho vnwary, ante room Mire. Vickery, @ widow lady on tho Prescott Corporation, Lowell, committed auicide on tho 3d inst., dy hanging herself with o skein of yarn, Vhe causo of the net fo unknown, eee The Italian Opera in Italy. j The opera in Italy has quite a different aspect to tho Ttalam opera, in its exotic state in #ther countries, There it fe neither the eymbo! of fashion nor extravagance, nor | excluaiveness nor ditetantiom—it is the popular amuse- | ment of all classes. It har many aspects, and it is, im fact, not a mere amusement, among many others, but the only movement of the social world takes place in Italy within the walls of the opera house, Although the artists and composers obtain their repu- | tation from the fat of an Italian public Milan—especially | all engagements dating from that place, where the cartclla or register of all artists is kept—still the opera is not, after al, the great and principal attraction to am Italian au- Aience; for, during the carnival or winter season, unless, as lately, in cases of political tumult, the theatre ix as full | with an indifferent company as with one of the highest merit. Society is constituted differently in Italy te any other | country. The climate has generated other habits than | those of the temperate capitals from which we take our social rules. Education, with its expanding ideas and | fashion and its thousand frivolities, has not teuched the | women of italy; they are still housekeepers and mothers —such as were understood some hundred years ago. They | pass their lives at home; there is no promenading, no out- dressing each other, no attending lectures, no pretentious soire-g, no malicious tea-drinkings, no morning visits,no re- ceptions —famflies are numerous, at d fortunes smal’ ; family tes are strong, and family duties religiously kept up; sa! that @ stranger rarely gets admittance into an lialiaa hourehold. Until within a few years (since the inroads of the English) there were no clubs; a private bali ies rare thing; political meetings are forbidden by the govern- nent; and scientifie societies have died out. Now, to| supply the drawing-room, the for the side. walk; to show off wit, talent, and toilets; to meet friencs and| foer, the Italians have the opers only; and there!ore is it that opera is permanent, and permanently successful ia Italy. , But now let us see how a thentre to serve vo roany pur- Pores is corstructed. It haw large, epacions pit, or par- quet, with comfortable benches and arm chairs in the half nearest the stage, whilst the other half bas a teasa- lated pavement, free from all obstacles, in which men can, walk up and down, concoct a corspiracy, confide a flirta- tion, or settle a bargain. Besides this, the whule house! is divided into private boxer, as large as private parlory | in a New York fashionable hotel, The draperics outsile are all obliged to be alike, (with the exception of one or | two theatrs in the Venetian States, where even that is | ed libitum,) Dut the interior decorations are left to the | fancy of the owners, These boxes are almost all pivate| property, having nothing to ¢o with the management | but all and each of the owners are obliged to pay tha’ entrance ticket, or season subscription, which for a Car nival season at Milan is thirty francs, or six dollarsy| for admixsion during every night, excepting Fridays, and not excepting Sundays Here, then, the lady takes her. seat as in a drawing room; her friends come and see ber, and it is, in fact, as though she received every nightat her own house, There are old friends of many years stand- ing who have never seen each other exeepting every, evening in this way. Boxes, of course, can be taken from Proprietors, and the cost for each Carnival seasons, (the other seasons are cheaper) is $25, to which it must not) be forgotten an entrance subscription of $6 for each per-| son must be added, In the upper tiers several boxes thrown into one, (palchi di societa they arg called,) 0 by several families, and furnished with newspapers an card tables. The first night ofa new opera every on sits attentively and silently, libretto in hand—so they dc the second, and so they do the third. If no visits paid excepting during the ballet, (which lasts frem ax| hour to an hour anda |, and is given between the fi: and second acts of the opera,) then, supposing the op to be successful, the pubic have made up their minie—| they know the story, and they know the good points o every part; so the libretti are put away, and the business ofgpciety commences, perfectly independent of what is going on—on the stage seconda donuas, poo: choruses, cracked second tenors, with inaudible and im portant messages, lamentable third bassi and uninteres: ing recitations, are entirely and anly for the satisfactio of these worthies themselves, and the managers; th, public take care not to listen to them, by makinz so muc Boise that not s word penetrates beyond the foot light But at a given moment—when comes the aris, th| duet, the trio or the finale, which the public hav decided on as the gems—thbere is a universal silenc the promenacers stop in their walk, the players get u fiom the card tables, the lacies cease talkins, and thy iwrecausis thoroughly listened to, entically examined, variation from the tone or the text being detected and sented. The dramatic action ig exacted in a)) its intex| sity, for though the pubiie have not been a: getting upof the story, they know the have prepared theic minds for it. This is the way an opera is conducted in Italy. im fact, @ very pleasant evening perty, in ® mage ifcey saloon, well warmed, well Jighted, in which you see your friends without the trouble of visiting them or t expense of receiving them, varied occasionally by a f¢ pieces of music by the fir artists and in the first sty! Now, take this very same audience, with their constit| tional love of music and their thorough comprehensiq of the language, and set them in rows upon very hi benches, very close together, jostled, squeezed, reduc to silence, forced to lister with the same gravity and tention to the filling up of an opera of which they bnq the story—whieh filling up is done always by perform below mediocrity—and before one week you would hal empty benches in Italy, as you do in New York. Tod people night after night, the intellect and the heart mu de appesied to, and though in the principal portions of opera the pasrions are admirably delineated and each formance reveals new beauties, still, the whole constry tion of an opera is so absurd, so devoid of all terest in the detail, that to listem to it ligiously night after night, is too great = for the enjoyment of » few short momen| ‘These being the conditions of opera in its own counts it must be clearly seen that it would be presumption dream of making it a popular amusement in any other, Now, it is not from want of the power to appreciate the capacity to enjoy dramatic representations that J Ttalians listen to an opera in the way described. Like warm hearted and intelligent people, they are easily pressed with real dramatic periormances; but they th nelves do not class the opera as an intellectual enjoyme} or one capable in itself, without the accessories describ (totally incompatible with northern habite and ideas), ministering, night after night to their entertainme| How different is it when they get a troupe of merit amon them! There was for some time a company in where the comedies of Scribe and all the best medern authors were enacted in the Italian language w unmitigated enthusiasm. Madame Marchione, who p ed the parts alletted in Paris to Mars or Volnyn, almost as admirable as her prototypes. Once every ‘this company came to Milan, and during the short seas every box, every seat, was filled. Never, perhaps, there a more attentive audience, though they were, course, mostly the same as those who talked throagh opera at the Scala. Unused to the northern conventio reserve, the Italian public manifested at these tations the various emotions to which the drama gi rise—a whisper, the shaking of a box door, the slight) interruption, was resented and instantly hushed do whilst men would sit with the tears streaming ‘rom th eyes—not a glance, a gesture, or a word of tne act} would be lost—and every twinkle of humor would m with responding and appreciating shouts from the au mente . . ‘So that, after all, we again repeat, taken without cessories of scenery, the drama is more popular, ¢ Italy, than the opera—and the more activity of mind, tellect, and education are developed among a peo the less will opera be o popular amusement, and { greater craving and necessity will there be for a ration elevated, in fact, for s national drama, Iti sinay Rane ane= teary GaSe ae tas gece Na EM OVED.» mn! who has 4 family to Washington, needing an aiditional rarraer, rected one of his clerks to bring one on, One—a woman—was accordingly started, and reached this ¢ yesterday; but either beeause steamboat travel did 1) agree wit her, or perhaps besaure she had su ti a dislike to ‘s, or because she did not like her compan)| at any rate sho left the boat yesterday, took the and leaving the perro: ‘o had her in charge, went }} own way. Whother it was business or pleasure that to her away, it waa certainly yery thoughtloss in her to | her guardian to wend his lonely and’ pensive way to [sey UD aif nee da Rey improper x ' id ea ables of the Secretary, who was probably gest Judo Brouson’s laxt etter abont the ‘imo. thay Pleasant news reached him. Unfortunate businos#!—(' cinneti Gaxette, Nov. 4, Court Calendar—This Day, Us. Siassa Dismucr Covet,—No calendar nesday. Supreme Court—Cirenlt,—Non, 171, 262, 265, 216, 1 814, 382,244, 048, 340, 868, 36834, 964, 385, B66. Scrvaxn Covnt—Special Term—Opens to day. No Tondar made ont. Common Pieas.—General Term for arguments, Sormior Oorrt— (Two Brancher.)—Nos, 934, 096, 1,1 922, 265, 489, 499, 491, 492, 404, Jad, 845, 400, 496, 4) 124, 141, 68, 7, 600, 601, 603, 264, 217, B, Ol, 11 epens for the wZial of murder en “a We £ 300, 280, 439, ‘M40,