The New York Herald Newspaper, October 24, 1853, Page 3

NEW ENGLAND. The Herald Commiesioner’s Report. FRANKLIN County, Mass, August 20, 1853. The County of Franklin—Its Origin—Old Towns— Indian Wars—Bloody Brook—Deerfield—Gill— Population of the County—Growth of Towns-- Value of Property—Its Increase mm Different Towns— Agricultural Industry and Productions, Indian Corn, Rye, Oats, Barley, Wheat, Butter, Cheese, Mople Sugar, Broom Corn, Se $¢— Ma» ufactures—Cotton Factories—Woollen Fac- Various Articles Produced—Blodes of Property— Origin of Names of Town,—Dorvrell and t he Dor- relites—The Oldest Man of New England, §6. ‘The county of Franklin was incorporated in 1811, having previourly formed the northern part of the “old county of Hampshire.” It contains some of the old settlements of western Massachusetts. Green- fleld, Montague, and New Salem, are precisely a cen- tury old, as they were incorporated in 1753. Sun- derland dates from 1718; Northfield was commenced in 1672.. But the oldest and mest remarkable town ia Deerfield, which was founded in 1670. It is fw mong from having been the scene of the greatest dis- aster that ever befell the colonists in their long series of contests with the Indians. This occurred in Sep- tember, 1675, in Philip’s war. Captain Lathrop, at the head of sixty-rix soldiers, who are described as “a choice ecmpany of young men, the flower of the | county of Essex, none of whom were ashamed to speak with the enemy in the gate,” was escorting from Deerfield to Hadley a large number of wagons, Jaden wish co:u, and guided by eighteen teamsters when he was aseailed, near Muddy Brook, by seven bundred Indians, who had placed themselves ia am bush for the porpose of surprising him. Thus takea by surprise, the colonists were unable to make a sys- tematic resistance, but fought with individual brave ry, until all but some seven or eight of the compavy were destroyed. The commander was early slain. Cap- tain Morely, who was at Deertield, at the head of an- other company, heard the fireng and hastened to the assistance of Lathrop, and after a severe action routed the savages. Another reinforcement came np just after the second fight was over. The ladiaas were reverely punished, losing about as many men as their foes ; But the whitcs felt that they bad ex- perienced a great disaster, and to this day the de- atruction of Lethron’s company is talked of as one of +56 most diema) events of colonial times, and one in which people coutinue to have a sort of personal in- terest. The stream near which the action was fcught, is sometimes called Bloody Brook, the San- gwinetto of Western Maseachusetts. In 1838 a fine Tmcnument was erected in honor of Captain Labecy and his men, and on the hundred and sixtieth auni- versary of the battle, (1835,) an oration was de- livered on the ground by Kdwérd Kyerett, one of the very best of his eloquent speeches. Deerfield was long exposed to the attacks of the enemy. In the winter of 1704, 6 band of Frenchand Indians, about three hundred aud fifty in number, under the command of M. de Ronville, a very famous character in thore times, made a march of between two and three hundred miles for the purpose of assailing the town. The assault was made at midnight, and the surprise was as complete as any that hittory mentions. Thoso who resisted | ‘Were in most ca+és slain, to the number of 47, and 112 captives were made. A s-alichurch bell was earried off by the Indians, and now hangs in an In- éian church at St Regis. This is exactly reversing the order of events in Hawthorne’s fine sketch, “ A Bell’s Biography.” Take it all in ali, Deerfled must | be regarded us the most noted spot in the history of Greenfield has 925 ounces, boing more than five- sixthe of all that was returoed. Four other towns returned but 186 ounces, and twenty-one towns re- turned none. Franklin bas many of ber ‘owns named after emi- nent public me. Bernards on and Shutesbury were named from twoof the royal governors, one of whom was an enemy of American freedom, but the name was not changed after the establishment of indeoen- dence. Gill was pamed in honor of Lieutenantioyv- ernor Gill, who was in office sixty yearsago. Coleraine was so called, in 1761, after Lord Coleraine, an Trish nobleman. Hv lordship was so pleased with the soupiineet thus paid him, that he sent to the ple the presen: of & bell for their meetinghouse. peo] { Sistin<BiKeadlle: 2 Minufactures— Value ‘pene person, however, who had the bell in charge, asa knave, and disposed of it for hisown use. It is eaid that this bell, which is repreeented to be a very fine one, is even now hanging in one of the bel- fries of Boston, and that every Sabbath it calls the ious to prayer and worship. I suspect that it must hanging pretty near to State street. Conway is suppored to have been named after Henry Seymour Conway, the friend of Horace Walpole, and one of those great English whigs who stood up so boldly for the rights of America; and Shelburne is knowa tohave been named from another eminent whig, Lord Shelburne, father of the present Marquis of Lansdowne, and who was Prime Minister at the time the treaty acknowledging our nationality was made. He was a follower o’ Chatham, and the town was named in his honor before the war commenced. Hawley was called after Joseph Hawley, the most remarkable revolutionary leader of western Mas- sachusetts, and Heath. from General Heath, an officer {considerable note in the war of indepen- dence, ind aman of some eccentricity. Monroe's name was taken from the President in whose time it wasiucorporated. I have seen it stated that Sun- derland was thus styled from the Earl of Sunderland, a leading English statesmai: in the early part of the last century, and son of that earl whose name and title are so intimately associated with the history of the miserable reign of James I. There have been some ‘odd fish” in the county of Franklin at different times. Among these was one Wm. Dorrell, who founded a sect, once quite nume: rous but now extiact, known as the “Dorrelites.”’ He was born in England, and was one of the sol- diers captured with Burgoyne. He married in M sachusetta, and finally settled in Leyden, in tl county. He believed that he bad re:eived a reve'a. lation from heaven, which was made to him while he was in the act of chopping wood—-not quite so digni- fied an affair as that which Lord Herbert, of Cher- bury, mentions as having happened tn his case. [he Dorrellite idea was, that the Sabbath was no better than any other day, end that resistance was unlaw- fal. Dorrell wag remarkable for tue fidelity with which he always kept his word. He had but one weaknese—he would drink. He did not believe in the Bible, Ho was alive a few years since, at a very advanced age. Another Franklin celebrity was Epbraim Pratt, who lived in Shutesbury haifa cen- tury ago, and of whom an account is given by Dr. Dwight, who visited him at the close of 1803. Mr. Pratt was born at Sudbury, in Middlesex county, Noy. 13, 1657, a year previous to the commencement | of thore proceedings which we specifically call | the English revolution. When Dr. Dwight saw him, | asenth before he completed his 116th year, he did not appear to be more decayed thau mapy others at seventy, He had always been a hard-working man, avd the grass of one hundred and one successive sommers had fallen before his scythe. It was not until 1803 that he found himself unable to mow, a burivess which he bad regularly done from his fit- teenth ycar. lt may be interesting to the temperan:e people to know that he drauk very little ardent spirita or cider. He was oldest person that ever lived in Massachnsetts; and he lived to see his great-great- great grand children, the whole number of hia de- scendants, atthe commencement of this century, being more than fifteen hundred. Born asubject of the house of Stuart, he lived for some years after the election of Mr. Jeffereon to the American Presi- | dency. In his youth he must have heard of the victories of Mariborough, and io his old age of those of Bonaparte, before he was Emperor—of Blenbeim dark and bloody quarrel” that existed long before | our father’s transactions with the Indians—* the | Kentucky was dreamed of by the whites. | and Marengo. It is not often that the past and the resent have such a connecting link as was afforded | in the person of thisold man. Dr. D vight seems to Gil, aamall town with less than a thousand inha- | have been rather shocked because the venerable bitants, and made out of a portion of Deerfield sixty | patriarch was, as he says, ‘without religion.” A ears ego, was the ecene of hard figating daria; hilip’s war. In May, 1676, Capt. Turner surpris a large body of Indians near to what are now called farner’s Falls, in honor of the colonial commander. | One hundred Indians were elain on the spot anda | much larger number were carried ovgr tae falls. | The Indians, however, rallied, and having received reinforcements, attacked the colonists as they were ging home, and inflicted. upon them a severe loss, pt. Turner being among the slain. The whole party would bave been cut off but for the heroic exertions of Captain Holyoke, a great Indian tighter of those | days. Many cther parts of the county were the scenes of Indian warfure, and the soil was fairly ea- turated with the blood of both the white and the | wit raves. e ulation of Franklin county has not increas- ed much of Jate years, and between 1820 anf 1850, it actually experienced a slight decline. In 1820 it | ‘was 29,268; in ;1840, 25,759, and in 1850, 30,888. | ‘The greatest increase between 1840 and 1850, wa; | in the case of Greenfield, the shire town, which rose from 1,754 to 2,598 Deerfield rose Trom 1,934 to | 2,456. These are the only towns in the county that have above 1,800 inbabitants, though the number of towns is 26. Twelve towns had less than one thon- sand inhabitants each at the last census. Conway increased from 1,394 to 1,788. Orenge, from 1,499 to 1,738, end Montague from 1,288 to 1,515. Ash- field, Buckland, Coleraine, Gill, Hawley, Heath, Monroe, New Salem, Rome, Shutesbury, and War- wick, ail lost in population. = In 1840 the valuation of Frenklin was $6,548,- 694; in 1850, it was $11,211,309. Greenfield made the greatest advance in wealth, having $561,125 in 1840, and $1,072,889 in 1850. Deerfield ascended from $579,020 to $1,000,566; Orange, from $289,298 | to $686,974; Northfield. from $438,876 to $726,631; Conway, from $422,558 to $679,492; and Ashfield, from 326,945 to $525,001. Every town added some- ‘thing to its wealth. In agricu'ture, this county enjoys an enviable wank, the soil being Care rish and pro- | different sort of personage from either of those pre- viously named was the Rev. Pliny Fishe,so famous ae ie who was bora at Shelburne, and who died at Beyroot, some oaks and twenty years since, while attached to the American mission at Pale-tine, engaged in carrying back Christianity to the land from whence it sprung. CHa LE CHAUYE. Otsg.ragee Cave, Schoharie, ['vom the-Aloany Evening Jourcal, Ang. 20.) Presuming many of your readers to be ignorant of | the existence of this wonder—a wonder ia many respects equal, if-not superior, to its Kentucky bro- ther of neanttotl notoriety—and having the vanity | to think a description of it, in this warm weather, will prove refreshin; wittout further p: quill in motion. Otegaragee, or more generally known by the name of Howe’s Cave, is about twenty-five miles from Schenectady and nearly forty from Albany, Theugh almost inaccessible, a trip thither, invoiving a ride over the Heldeberg mountain, it has beon visited by many pereons from home and abroad during the present season. With a “righte merri partie” and a private conveyance, a few days since we started toexplore the mysteries of this subter raneous marvel. We errived at the Cave Hotel about four o’clock in the afternoon, and after being “armed and nipped according to law,,” with coaree Gresees, g torches and lucifer matches, we commenced the cave tour. The change in the atmosphere om entering the cave is so great, that paseing from an oven into a refrigerator could not affest more sensibly. This change, however, is soon forgotten in admiration of the grand and beantifal objects that are presented for your inspection. What majesty, sublimity, and grandeur! hat awe and reverence fill the heartof the beholder! Aroundand if not interesting, the writer, minary, begs leave to put his “*above you are glistening stalactittes, flashing back the light of your torch in a thousand briljiant sciatille- tions, while ponderous etalagmites, the work of cer- ducing abundantly. e amount of tillage | turies, and figures and devices of all conceivable land, three years since, was 20493 forme and shapes, meet you at every step. of meadow land, 50.606; of pasturage, “ Dan sing cious chamber te of wood)and, 72,959; unimproved land, 6 3} UD imiprovable, 147,214; covered with water, 6,281. Tne umber of horses was 4,377; of oxen, 4715; of cows, 10,764; of steers and heifers, 11,461; of sheep, 24,978; of swine, 4,216. Of Indian corn there were raised 242 245 bushels; of oats, 99.296; of rye, 43,304; of barley, 7.691; of wheat, 3,059; of hay, 50,606 tons; hops, 40,100 pounds; broom corn, 350 tons; pota- toes, (about) 350,900 pounds; frait, (about) 200,000 bushels. Deerfield excels in the production of corn and oats, raising 42,270 bushels of the former in 1850, and 21,347 bushels of the latter. New Salem comes next, though at considerable distance, in raisin, corn, and then Greenfield, Whately, Shutebury, an Coleraine. : Charlemont is the princival hay aa ducing town, and is followed by Deerileld, Ashfield, Northfield, Greesfield, ond Heath. Butter aud cheese are extensively made, rot Jess than a million pounds annually of the ‘ormer, and about seven hun- dred aud fifty thousand of the latter. The maple sugar produced is not Jess than belfa million pounds. Almost every town produces some honey, and the aggregate amouvt 34 large. Great quactities of wood and bark are disposed of. Broom brush, broom corn, end broom corn reed are favorite arti- cles with the agricniturists of some of the Franklin towns. The other agricultural articles wool of all kinds, buckwheat, beanb, flax, tobacco, charcoal, beef and pork, beeswax, eggs, poultry teasels, and every description of eseulent vegetable, and 80 yerily seems unxinu ttoe ceremony, if any forth, preper to the climate. B eat and — two can be found w to be unite beans ere extensively raised. It will be seen that, “Hermit’s Cell,” nce is obtained by Telatively to ber size and population, Franklin is strange that auch a | singularly rich in flocka aud herds. The yearly pro- imony Hall?) is well duce of wool is of the value of about $30,000. 0 misaathropical The number of colion factories is seven, four of 3 1 be ma which ere at Colegeine, and three at Conway. Lue latter town > 712 spindles, and the former 6,500. ‘There ore ten wien factories. Phat at Greenfleld is worth more than a'l the others. Conway comes next, ond then Whately, Shelburse, Rowe, Achfi Charlemont and Leverets The tusises zis here condvcted on a moe ower is abundant, pe sookt aud ca bonnets and huts, soyth Woodenware, hi lowwe k, building ptones t tinware, ps, railr. raid, whips trays, felloe 8, bluckin ator a bre Ware, pocket ‘The annual vabie of the Inwber made is $100,000 and of leather about the same. That of pulmleaf bats is anout $120,00 hairs and cabinet ware, £50,000; ofve atery,870,000; f soytnes, axes, 5,000; of vehicles, $30,000; of boots ¢ \ 10,000; of broom, $60,000; of all kinds of wooden ware, $150,000. There are bress and iron fousdries at Charlemont, Conway, and Orange,.and there is a large machine shop at Deertield, and 4 tool manufactory at Conway. ‘he number of dwellieg honses, in 1850, was 6,220; of barns, 4,863; of shops, 604; of warehouses, 72; of tan houses, 36; of saw mills, 210; of grist mills, 473 of fulling mills, 13; of iron works and furaaces, 3. The number of otver buildings, of the value of $20 and ppwards, was 034. The value of every persons’ stock % trade was $254,588; of public secarities, $4,100; of money at interest, $698,934; of bank and inearance stcck, $162,413; of other share property, | final plate, exceeding $20 in vaine, 1,111 ounce. moat items or personal propexty Greanfield stands | at the head of the towns, though Deerfield presses | ber bard, and in one instance excels her, Of plate, ks and pum hes, # all” is the first *» which our attention is directed. It is forty ieetloag, one hundred. sixty in length, and from twelve to twenty feet high. The floor of the hall-is level and moth, which circumstance, in connection with the free circulation of pure air to be found here, renders it appropriate for the votaries of Terpsichore. “ Washington’s Statue” is next pointed out fa “ Washington's Ha));” end “ (i oechrvaatit and the “Magic Lantern,” and “Lady Washington” attract their share of surprise and admiration. ‘The poor old dy Washington” seems to feel the loncliaess of her situation, if one may judge froin the agouized, woe begone eee of her countenance; and thet she has experienced some trouble daring her long lite may be seen in the aged situation of her veaera- ble nose and toes—the same being in close jaxta po- sition. “Matrimony Hall,” suggestive of rings and rainbowe to the youth of our party, is the next room into which we are ushered. Our guide, who is a justice of the a as well as a piece of justice, informed us that e is duly authorised to “ get up” a married couple, should any two persons desire to become one, and, as an additional inducement to the charms of the place, | he not only offirs\o do it for nothing, but will supply refreshments on the same generous terms Several lovers, inspired by tue remance aod sentiment of the place, and his liberality, have become ‘‘consvlidated” through his instrumentality, so be tells us; acd be ne jngredicnt of lite’s bitter i youk a quarter of a mile long, leads to i “pass, pro é remaiks, an ii Mes. Par ed the us, would Fes any two of our * you hear the low, m red feet below y of man has ne ng waters, refr moth dimensi thirty feet | oye cof the ¢ parsnges here are #0 many slippery plases aie the arqt » of one’s jower role, that the assistance of a guide is in- | dispensably neeessary. Collect’ your strength, now, to mount the “ Tn- | dian’s Btovy Ladder,” after achieving which you find yourself in “ Franklin's Ave ”* ia comparison with the splendour of which, h avenne, New York sinks into insignificance. ‘ Congress Hull,” foor hundred yards in leagth, with jagged walis from fifteen to twenty feot bigh, Testooned with etalactical drapery, is one of the most interosting chambers in the cave. fhe peculiar formation of this ball is such that one’s ordinary tone of voice | is vencered cleay, murical, avd sonorous. — Let | some grave renior of the party take the “ Speaker’ Chair,” at the upper end of the room, while some ambitiogs member occupies the attention of the Houre in ‘a few brief remarks.” What human thunder! How the rich volume of sound leaps from crag to crag, eda the vast space with wild music, 8 Sotlio,” which is , no deunt, a} as to this, you | leoted for the profound debates of our wordy legis- 78. “ Musical Hall,” balf a mile in length, over twenty feet wide, and from fifteen to twenty feet high, next invites our attention. Here, too, the voice attains astovisbing compass and power. What awe and reverence impress the soul while the m ijestic toues of “Old Hun dred” rise upon the air! How trilling and inspiring the beautiful stratus of the Marreilles Hymn, and what hearty enthusiasm ani:ates every heart as we listen to America’s song—the “Star Spangled Banner.” It is @ musical feast that you have never before enjoyed; and the announcement that you must now cross ths lake which separa‘es you from wonders yet more thrilling and grand, is the ly mitigating circumstance you can.call to your aid in taking leave of a place where Melody Teigps supreme. “Horicon,” “Lake of the Silyer Waters,” is nearly a quarter of a mile Jong, and from fifteen to twenty feet deep. The water of this lake is what its name indicates, cold and clear, and flows through its narrow channel with irresistiole force ana velo- city. Fish are sometimes discovered in this lake, but usually under circumstances somewhat equivo- cal. A member of our party discovered wl supposed to be a veritable fish, and so it was; but on close inspection it proved to be only a red her- ting, from which proceeded su:h “ an ancient tish- like emell,” that we were reluctantly compelled to believe it a stray waif from some provision basket, and not “a native to the manor born,” as was first mippceed hile crossing the lake, the sweet notes of the “ Canadian Boat Song” are heard ; ged as you glide along, the “Egyptian Pyramids,” the “Black Comb,” the “Elephant’s Kars,” on the left; and on the right, “‘ Martha and Mary,” and three grave- locking “Chinese” figures, pass before you. A limestone “ Alligator,” in close communion with a stalacite lady Mummy, whose kind aspect would Beem to encourage a continuation of¢his jong cours. ship, are imbedded in the rock near the landing; whilst a “pine apple,” suggestive of cholera, au “owl’s head,” looking chuck full of wisdom, hang down from the ceiling above. On the right, in white stone, are the fignres 811 formed on the solid rock, indica‘ing, the guide tells us with a smile, the proba ble time when the foundation stone of this cave tem ple was laid. But we are now across the lake, and like certain old Bentenel ef yore, we step out,uoon “Plymouth Rock,” where we are greeted with the liquid notes of a ‘church organ” of gigaatic dimensions, formed by that wonderful workwoman, Dame Nature herself. That this is the finest specimen of organic remains to te found in the cave, and thatits organization must have been the work of centuries, no one who has seen it, we think, will be inclined to doubt. We now pass turough the “Museum,” by the “Sia- mese Twins,” the “ S.eepiog Infant,” “ Governor's Hall,” ‘Giast’s Study,” the “Leaning Tower,” and at length reach the “ Pirate's Cave,” which has its own * grand, gloomy and peculiar” characteristics. We seein in the domains of spirit, ghost aod nobgob- lin. Piteous groans and plaintive sighs are heard. Be not alarmed. It is only the wind whistling | through the fissures and crevices of the rocks. la such a pace as this, we imagine, a! the suggestion of one Harper—supposed to be of the firm of Harper & Brothers, New York~—Mr. Macbeth received his | first lesson in the art of getting upa dish suitab'e only for the palate of witches; a dish in which, you will recollect, ‘ ‘Eye of newt and toe of frog, Wool of bat and tongue of dog,” ete., were strangely commingled and hashed uy in board- ing house style, no doubt. A short walk brings us to the “ Rocky Moun- tains,” climbing over which is by far the most dan- gerous, difficult and tedious part of our tour. We are rewarded, however, for our labor with a sight at the “ Elephant,” a gigantic stalagmite, who rears his ponderous bulk on the mountains to the helghs of six'y feet. Our guide tella us that this is a miueral | deposit, formed at the rate of one-eighth of an inch in a century; and, after indulging in profound mathe- matical caiculations, our party hasten on to the foot of Table Rock,” where we separate, a portion re- maining below while the rest climb the dizzy steep, the light of their torches growing “‘ small by degrees less,” until at length it scarcely reaches us. at @ magnificent spectacle is now presented to us! How the ceiling of the cave glows aud sparkles with the reflected light from the wealth of glittering gems and transparent stalactites! What | brilliant flashes of light meet your eye at every move- ment of your torch! It is beautiful beyond descrip tion. But greater wonders and glories than this are in | store for us. We have yet to tread the “Winding | Way” or “Politician’s Course,” as it has been lately | called, and the ‘‘Rotunda,” mith its mysteries, is yet before us. The “Winding Way’’ is a narrow circuitous path, in the solid rock, about a querter of a mile long and from eighty toa hundred ani fifty feet im. height, and yet scarcely wide enough to admit a grown per- son. Next tothe “Rotunda,” it is by far the most wonderful of the subterraneous marvels. It beggars all description, and, indeed, we doubt if any desurip- tion, however faithfully written, would be credited, Prepare now to “drag your slow length along” through the passage that leads to the “Rotunda,” before reaching which much ‘merriment aod scratching of gravel seems necessary. The pas- kage growa wider and higher, and after a brisk walk of a few minutes the glories of the ‘Rotun- | da” burst upon us. We were somewhat divap- | pointed in the diameter of this room, but were as | reatly surprised to hear ef its height. It is a per- fect circle of about thirty feet in diameter, and its ‘walls of black polished marble—polished by the a+ tion of the waters—are known to extend upwards of six budred feet. Ladders have been erected, at comsiicrable expense and labor, toa distanee of three hundres feet, but no top has been reached. It is -ifficult to eonceive how this gigantic artesian well was ever formed, and extravagant surmises in re- and beautifull Our Philadelphia Correspondence € Puriaperrura, Ovtober 22, 1853. Analyzation of the Pennsytvania Blections— Democratic Triumph—Whig Tactics and Jeat- ousy—Preparations for the Future, §e, J have not yet seen an aualysis of our Penneylya. nia elections, and especially an analysia of our elec- tions in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the columns of the New York Heraup. I therefore hasten to give you a brief aperzu of the subject, hoping that it will aid in penetrating the thick foz in which Pennsylvania politics are usually shrouded. The elections, though overwhelmingly demosratic, do not stand out in bold relief as the vindication of 9 great principle; for no such issue was made before the elestions, the whige preferring to wait upon Providence, and until Congress shall present some measure that may divide publie opinion. Their tac- tics consisted in not wasting their strength at the beginning of an administration, and not to rally the democrats by an organized opposition. They, there- fore, helped to present a3 many local issues through- ont the feeae local issues, which J rato, ax possible; fort! tend to the disintegration of parties, injure the party | in power more than the opposition, which cau rally on a variety of points, while the administration mnust stake its success on one or two great measures, Temperance, free-soilism, natirism, consolidation, free schovle, and the Lord knows what else, were lugged into the canvass, to increase the confusion of ideas and the anarchy of principles. Accordingly you see democratic senators elected in whig dis- tricts,,and whig treasurers in such democratic counties a8 old Berks, which can boast of | 4,500 democrati: majority. Party adhesion was quite as strong as it is at this moment. The Maine Taw then bad no existence. The following table will show how the towns would have been represeated had each voted for Repreventetives as it did for Go vernor. The towns ye under the coalition head geve a Laps ng 7 lost Mr. Winthrop, and those under the whig head gave a majority for that gen- tleman: roNo. of Representations, Whig. Countien. Coalition. Suffolk, three towns Kasex, thirty de 1 23 Middlesex, fifty 20 8 Worcester, Gfty-eight d 6 68 Hampshire, twenty thiee do 16 9 Hampden, twenty do... 9 16 Franklin, twenty six do 8 16, Berkshire, thirty-one 13 19 Nor olk, twer ty-th ree do 13 18 Bristol, nineteen do,, 13 16 Plymouth, twenty-two 8 7 Barustable, thirteen di 10 4 Nartucket, one do, 3 ‘ Dukes, three do. 2 i Noid oprigatsea dessanss ens at 253 186 Coalivion majority .... 66... cee cece ne seen es 6s Thus, you see, if each town had been re; ited according to its vote for Governor, and the House had been fall, there would have been s coal: ma- jority of sixty+ix. But what are the facts? Why, that the ition majority was just six, neither more nor less; though in consequence of the death of one whig and the absence of two others, their majority ‘was a little larger on the organization of the House. Last year, when the popular majority against the whigs was several thousands larger than in 1851, though they had many anti-liquor democrats on their side, they actually carried the House of Repre- fentatives by ten majority. Heuce.to conut upon the popular majority turni-hing anything like deci lessened throughout the Btate; but as the whigs | sive indications of the probable result of the contest would be unwise. We mast look to the character of were not in the field at all, and snch as were gather- ed under the contro! of the Clayton Seward Teds of the party, (the pationul whigs layimz dormant, and, as above stated, waiting on Providence,) the democrats swept the State by an overwhelming ma- jority. Yet by comparing the present vote with that of the previdential election, you will find that nearly a huncred thonsand voters must have ab pee from exercising the franchise throughout the tate, The elections in the city went in favor of eonsoli- dation, the protection of life and property coming home to the capacity of every voter, and overridiag the considerations of mere partyism. Tous Eli K. Price, nominally democrat, was elected State sena- tor from the city, as a consolidatioz ist, and the whole city Assembly ticket elected is likewise com- posed of consolidationins. Eli K. Brice is a good | and honest man, who has given proofs of bis capacity | while a member of the first Board of Revenue Cout- | tuiesioners. 4 In the county, seven democrats and four nominal | natives were elected to the Assembly as cousolida- | tionists, though some of them were also voted for a3 temperance men, the Maine liquor law having been thrown in as a make- moigne <. Marphy, ‘the election of Col. John democrat, | | as marshal of police, will prove the ruin of Churles | Gilpin, the present mayor, a year hence. ‘The whigs, as whigs, could not have done a more foolish thing than setting up a pure whig (God eave the | ainst Marshal Keyser, native and whig, | | Governor, members of Congre:s, State Senators, and the ‘disturbing causes,” and see which party is most hkely to suffer from their operations. ‘The whigs have had certain advantages in the Representstive elections, heretofore, upon the exist- ence of which they still count, though not with full confidence. They are powerful in. several places which eleet large numbers of Representatives in gen- eral tickets, such as Boston, Salem, Roxbury, and Cambridge; and their chances of electing are tolera- bly good in several other places that are entitled to from two to four members of the House, such as New Bedford, Taunton, Newburyport, Nantocket, and Dorchester. Of the small towns, the whizs are sure of a fair number, though nothing, like what the coali- tion could carry were the latter to go unitedly into the local elections. It is undeniable, too, that the whigs cannot look upon more than one or two of the large places named az certain to elect their candi- dates this year. Lest year they lost several of their en in Boston, and would have lost them all, and six Fenators also, had it not .¢ea for the aid whicn they received from disaffected democrats, as many a3 one thousand of whom voted the whole whig ticket— 80 forth. Such whig candidates os failed to be cho- sem to the House, did so as a consequence of being “cut” by rum whigs in some cases, aud by Webster | men in others. Of all the large places that I have named, and which used to be co reliably gvhiggish, I should not care to venture money on any others than Salem and Cambridge. Perhaps Roxbury ought to the lute incumbent. Quem vult perdere, &. | make a third, but 1 do not feel sufliciently sure of the ‘The jealonsies among the whigs hai us much todo | matter to put her down so. Still, all the places nam- with the result of the late election asthe'r apathy. ed, and several others of importance, may go for the The question with them is, which section of the whig , whigs, in consequence of the operations of the old party shall jae by any change in the politicalzo- | }ine democrats, the anti-Maine law democrats, and of diac. The Bewardites fear that any advantage the | individnals pereonglly disaffected. Avainst the as- whig party may now gain will prove a benetit to the | sistance thus likely to be afforded to the whigs from silver grays, while the success which may follow a | without their ranks, is to be placed a certain amount year or two hence may favor the freesoilers all over | of disaffection that exists within those ranks, and the country, and prepare the ultimate triumph of | whieh is said by some to be very great indeed. their leader. Keysro NE, Of the large places that contain anti-whig majori- ties, there are but two or three that can be counted on as certain toelect coalition representatives; and of these Worcester aione is entitled to more than two members. Lowell, which has ten members, and | which has been coalition for some years, will most ; likely elect men of that falth this year, but such a re- sult is by no means certain, Lyun is understood to Our Boston Correspondence. Boston, Oct. 22, 1853. State of Political Affuirs in Massachusetts—Guber- natorial Candidates—The House of Representa- tives—Chances of Parties in that Body—The New Const itution—The Senate—Hunkers in Essex Cownty—Differences Between the Two Branches of Democrats—Reported Nomination of a Fifth @andidate for Governor. As all our parties have placed their candidates for Governor in the field, and as the result of the contest depends entirely upon matters over which neither the whigs nor the democrats nor the free soilers, a8 such, haye any control, I propose to analyze the eon dition cf parties here, for the purpose of enabling | those of your readers who take an interest in Mansa- chasetts affairs to understand why it is that tey are so queerly constituted at the present moment. With- out some such explanation, our affuirs must present to the observer, not familiar with them from prastice, as perfect a maze as one could wish to see—the very Cretan labyrinth of politics. We have four candidates for Governor before us, viz :—Mr. Washburn, formerly a Justice of our Com- mon Pleas Court, end a mort respected and respec- table citizen, and who in the old whig times would have been as sure of an clection as certain no to get a nomination; Judge Bishop, now a Justice 0° the Common Pleas, and who, like Mr. Washburn, en- joys the confidence of the community; Gen. Wilson, the free ecil chief, who has not held office except az a member of the Legislature, and whose personal charac‘er is beyond reproach; and Dr. Wales, the gnarled oak ot national democracy, and a good physician. Of these several gentlemen it may be said, that Mr. Washburn applied for a seat on our aspect to its formation circulated pretty freely among the speculators of our party. Our guide proceeds very deliberately, we think, | who have, but ene_bunok’of luoifers in our veat pocket, to blow out all the lights, and now, while every voice is hushed, what found silenee and impenetrable darkness surround us. It is the silenee and darkness of the grave. Again the solemn tones of “Old Hun- dred” rise upon the air, and ave and reverence take the place of mirth and gaiety. With our torckes relit, and the weight of our pro vision basket considerably diminishei, we slowly xetrace our steps, lingering for a time beside the more wendertul formations, until. after a walk of twelve miles, having spent eight hours in the cave, we emerge into open air. While Niagara and the St. Lawrence, with its rapids, and re and Newport draw their crowds, it is singular that this cave, abounding. in oll that is grand and imposing, ol! that awakens thrilling interest and a love for the beautiful, sheuld not have a greater multitude of visiters. We have the charity to think thet it is only because it has not the reputation itis destined to enjoy, aud because, being some distance from any railway etation, faw peo care to travel out of their way to see it. [he newspaper press will, we trust, give it the noto riety it deserves, while the will make it entirely accessible. [Abridged from La’ Patria] In the year 1852, 21,316 persons were arrested at Paris, and of these by far the larger number—that is to say, 18,695, were taken in the fact of commit- ting theacts for which they were after cards indic:ed belore the courte, The amount of arrests tn jia- Rrante proves the promptitude and activity of the | | | | police, Lhe months of October, November, aud De- cember show fewer cases of ar thas any other | m h of the year. Janvary by far the | j da pf arrests——nan | the 21,316 pen 3 were imus- | Clately discharged, and 574 wer takea to the hos | pi of St. De y Among the | and 531 girls aud 12,770 were | of the persons tmeat of the | under age, | for the first time in custody. 6,12 arreeted were inbabitants of the 4 Scine. Of the foreigners 441 e S14 natives of 18, 104 natives of S Austrisns, 9 Spaniards, 4 Swedes, 5 | up | 1,386 were arre action ¢ af ho could w here wer lion—that is to ray, in many apgeinst the pol ty cf the rale v4 at night, 887 fo thefts in houses, $,176 for simple ceiving stolen good: for fraudulent danke 450 for swindling, and 372 for abuse of Among the personsarrested are 924 shoemakers, 763 servants, 746 carpent seamstrerses, 632 masons, 690 driver: of vehi locksmiths, 484 tailors, 363 housepaix net makers, 821 merchants’ clerks, 9 chiffuniers, 292 bleachers, 279 bakera, 26 keepors of winesheps, 222 printers, 20 turners, 201 salaried servants of va- vious kinds, 197 cooks, 198 butchers, 197 prostitutes, 104 fr bsneg od, 139 engravers, 132 proprietors of houses, ardens, &c., 126 paper stainers, 126 gardeners, 116 atters, 111 boys at achool, and $1 wigmakers. r theft: committed b 1 » 43 for | 506 | On the 20th inst,, the upper floor of the New York Mills, on Brown's Race, Itochester, gave way, carrying with it the floors below and about '6,000 bushels of Wheat, 2,500 bushels of feed, anda lot of flour. The flume was Broken out, and the wheat and feed carried down the bank into a sna reverberatin; dying ‘echoes along the galle- ries and among and columns of this glo tiovs temple. Barely, in 4 counctl where sound ia vloquonce, no better place than this could be se- Ahe Genesee. It is supposed the lore of wheat will be at Jeant 1,000 bushels, besides the feed and other damage Susquekanna railroad | | of disturbing can | thinkers,” though L the | men with an auburn cevered head. Supreme Bench, and could not get it; that Judge Bishop was offered the place of Assistant Treasurer at Boston, and would not take it; that Dr. Wales ap- lied for a leading ‘‘national” office, and was refused it; and that Gen, Wilzon has returned to the manu- facture of shoes. At the gubernatorial election of 1852, the whole yote cast was 138,436, which was distributed as fol- lows:—Whig, 62,233; democratic, 38,763; free soil, 36,740; scattering, 700. Hence, no persoa was chosen Governor by the people, and the clection de- volved upon the eer which, after the Sena- torial vacancies been filled, contained a large whig majority in one branch, and a reliable one in the other, The House eelected the names of Clif | ford and Bishop, and sent them up to the Senate, | which body elected Mr. Ciifford Governor. The | only point in which we differ {rom last year is this— | Then there were but three candidates in the field, who received all but 700 votes of the whole number cast; whereas we now have four, and the fourth (Dr. Wales,) is expected by his more sanguine friends to receive ten thousand votes. Their calculation is notso baseless as at first sight it appears, for the Doctor may get, beside a couple ot thoisand old line democratic votes, twice as many from the wigs, and, perhaps, not far from the same number from | | be hopelessly gone. In addition ¢o other sources of tronble the-e, it is understood that the distribution of the national spoils has proved anything but a har- monious piece of business. Charlestown is also gone. Springfield cannot be relied upon so much for the coalition as for the whigs, and neither party relies | on her action. Danvers, Lawrence, and Fall River \ are all doubtful places. There are some eight or ten towns that elect two members each, where tae coali- tion are as certain to succeed as a party ever can be. | But the real strength of the coaiition is in the small towns, where, if they succeed, they will carry the | State, and not without such success, unless the whigs should break down in their old stconsholds. Tnere | are small towne enough with them, in the counties of | Middlesex, Worcester, Berkshire, Franklin, | den, Norfolk, Bristol, and Plymouth, to give then | contro) of the next Honse, in coanection some twenty members that they are sure of chosing in large places. Essex county did very well for the co- alition last year, and will do something for it this | year; but matters are said not to be in a good | way there for that party in these days. In Suffolk, Barnstable, Hampshire and Dukes, the coalition will electsome members. But while things look thus fair on the outside for the coalition, the in- telligent inquirer is soon made aware that the liquor question in many towns, and pational democracy ina few other towns, are likely to wish ita grea‘ deal of mischief. According yrs appearances, every thing depends upon whe! the coalition shall have to encounter both extremes of men on the law question—to endorse the assaults of its ultra friends as well as of itsultra foes. This was what broke it down last year, after it had encountered and overcome several sources of danger which were thought quit2 equal to its destruction, and most of which it had iteelt called into boing. On the first day of the election, the national and anti-Maine law democrats caused the defeat of twenty-one coalition candidates for the Senate, and probably twice that number of candidates for the House. Trey also, so far as Boston was concerned, caused the efection of six whig Senators, and a large number of whig rep- resentatives. Still, in spite of all these diagreeable | occurrences, and notwit ding that the national democrats had avowed their intention to ‘go in’ for the whig candidates for representatives, and it was un- derstood that General Pierce had irsued his anathema in advance against all who should do rtf ho might lead to Horace Mann being made either Gover- | nor U.S. Senator, one of which places he wassure of in the event of the coalition triumph ; notwithstand- ingall these things, the coalition would have come in over the heads and on the necks of its enemies, hid it not been for the ineffable stupidity of many of its | temperance members. At the last trial the native | Democrats went over in a body to the whigs, and | enabled the latter to elect so many representatives that they held the House by ten majority. But this ten mojority might have been, not oaly out down, but actually reversed, but for the action of the Maine Law free soilers in many of the towns in Worcester and Middlesex couaties. In these two counties, not Jess than twenty-five candidates were defeated in con- the anti-Maine law democrats. Still, it would be . | Wiser to put bis vote down at five thousand, (from | | which it may vary a little ) then at ten thousand. | The other candidates, except the whiz, will receive, roportionately, about the same support as they did | | fost year—that is, if the aggregate vote should be as | | large ss then, I make ap exception in the whigs’ | | cage, because Mr. Cliifurd received several thousaad | democratic votes, which, this year, will ke given | | cither to Judge Bishop or to Pr. Wales, Mr. Wash- | born having no chance tor them. Their being givea | to Dr, Wales would answer the parpore of the whigs } quireas well as would their being given directly to their candidate. It being evident that no persou will be chosza | | Governor by the people, and scarcely loss so that at ast one batt of the Senators will fail ¢ | election, it becomes @ popular )portant to aseortain what will ve the ‘probabl of tre Howse of Repra- sentatives. U ia connection with such bi Renators v executive ag the imporlan the chances of or coalitioni for there is h 8 not More uch not unfreq hing matter is a ve town in the 8 here the! found the best politicians can make, raid, are far less affected by this «t aie their opponents. Your deiined the wbig var'y to t Jouve thinkers” would be the better d here, in ail departments, they are in bette by far than their foes, avd hold their mea in basd. Their “looseness” here is rather in their thought and its modes than in their action. Ina conlition toor, if a can iidate for repre: sentative should have prejudice excited agains: nim because of his having wa hair, all the philosophy | and fenein the world might be brought to ear npon the matter in vain; but the whigs would ar- range the affir, and settle down upon some gentle- it 18 no exag- aeration to say’ that uot a year passes away that scores of our local elections are not decided with re- ference to points compared with which o dispate about the color of the candidates’ hair would be the very,height of common sense and the perfection of ason. ‘To take the election of last year for the basis of a calculation as to the probable character of our next Heuse of Representatives would hardly be warranta- ble. Not less than eight thousand democrats then goted for Governor Clifford, and perhaps two thon- sand whigs voted for Mc. Mann. The vote of 1861, sequence of the free soilers insisting that they should ledge themselves to support the li juor law. When | they dia 80 pledge themselves, they were beaten by | the Democrats, who were content to support them unpledged etther way; and where they would not “take the pledge” they were beaten by the free soilers. Such was the cause et the defeat of the coalition, at the last moment in 1952: and very unexpected it was to the leading men of all parties. Neither coalitionists nor whigs in Bostoo would believe that there would be found among the former, in the county a sufficiently, large number of persons 80 very green as to cause by their action the latter's retusn to power. On the Saturday previous to the election bets were freely offered by the coali- tionists that they would elect twenty representatives in certain specified towns in Worcester conaty ; and no ,whig could be found to take them; yet | the result of the next Monday's voting showed | that the coalitionists bad carried but two out ot p twenty of the Worcester towns upon ey had relied. At the last mome aud when they had the right to calculate upon the'r , the temperance men go ac ed as to make the itfontsts certain, when the united action of ail ty ments hastile to tiem were a Jy unable to accomplish that end, backed tho: they were by the pronousced opinion ot the Presi- dent elect oi the United States, with his forty mil ho ge, aud the moral effect of his unpr uted victory. Perbaps no more remerkible | proof of the great strength of the coalition could be i than thet which was afforded by the head which it lust year mage against o score of adverse exterval influences, to fall, finally, from internal | troube. Now, whether the coalicion is to bs this year beaten or not, must depecd entirely upon the amount of wisdom which # vilition temperance € learned, which is, probably, not u Lobstine’e set of men. h, for If they pall one , the (#o-callod) “ true men” in the same perty shell poll another, the coalition will assuredly he pullcd to pieces, hke a martyr tied fo wild borses that are compelled to draw in different directions. Against these troubles of theirs, the coalitionists piece, first, the fact thet the whigs have once cheated the said “rum men;” but this is not much by way of balance, for the power of parties in tue work of deception ts enormous; and the distra sted condition of the whigs, who, however, are showing a good deal of power in warring against the new con- stitution. Let me here remark that a great deal Will depend, as to the results of our town elections, held after the 14th of November, upon the fate ot that constitution. Should it be adopted, the whigs are expected to throw helve after hatchet, as in all homan probability they will, and, following the ex- smple of Nebuchadnezzar, depart incontinently to grass. This is the reason why they are contvaticg 80 desperately against its eg It is a life or death matter to them, they thin! rt and they are con- when the election had nothing to do with national —tendin, desperate ever politics, will afford us a far fairer basis. The whigs | As to by nh) the constitution eae naoptee, united than they have been at any | I pass them over for the it. ; eubeequent period, and the natioval democracy was ‘Although the battle for the possession of the State | The re; le portunity of developing their mnflitary ad | sant population. ay ear, is fo be malais: foncht at te ve e |, the: n of Senators ‘RO means unimportant. The moral effect of Daring mojority of the Senate is always great in the successful party. In 1850, the coalition & decided majority of the Seuste oo the regular tion day, and the whigs were so disheartened that they made no fignt at all at the Rey tative elections. One canse of thie whichever party hat control of the Senate who shall be Governor, the Honse selecting two ot of the four highest candidates voted for by the e, and the Senate voting for whichever of it pleases. Opin‘on hax heen ao decided on tind to two fom tho thos higheet though toe oer on 0 ‘ighess, the man may Aap year Lact bagps gay ; not a pi le, case. Another reasen , that the party heving Se larger number ef Sena- tors has the greatest weight in the convention ef the two branches for filling the Senatorial vacancies. Bay that the whigs should have seven majority in the House and craltion ten in the upon voting on joint ballot toe sm: three’ w give to the coslition all tors, the selection of @ Goveruor, and the all officers elected on joint oailot, But I over the Senate until the various tickets have been placed in the ficld, which will be ten days hence. - Coalitions have been formed in Hesex, and Franklin counties, with perfect case. @ democratic administration ticket up There are distinct from tne Barstow a are ant: istration meu, and by far thé two, having the boldness to state what they feel. Another distinction is said to be, Lord, or administration democrats, are mainly posed of disappointed coatiti.n office-seekers, the Barstow party claims to be free from offies. ing. a are—themselves being judges—the un- stained. The Lord men atfect to be in favor of new constitution, and yet pursue a course in calculated to prevent its adoption. The men, knowing that the success of tue new eonstitution means the success of the coalition, denounce that in- strument, and avow their deter nination to against its adoption. The Loraites are 1d of old Garrisonian abviitionists, and ir. Lord’a recommendation, avd thi ence, that Mr. Merrill,a noted at litionist of the “co- venant with-hell-and leazue-with-the-devil ” was appointed Pestmaster of Gloasester, to tonishment of the old Cassi'es. The Barstowltes were never abolitionists, and are clearly the men whom must devolve the bu-ine+s ot saving the Us \- On dit, tha; the temperauce men are to bring up Mr. Samuel Hoar for Governor, because Gen, Witsoe will not answer their letter-. Mr Hoar hates the Gene- ral, and will do all he can to prevent his being made Governor, but that is no} muel ALeoma. & | Fk ig iy z i § i g F com: -seek- beeteeté German Thoughts ona War between Ras- sla and Tarkey. From the Neue /’rens Zeitung. Even though France were to decline jot Great Britain in her refusal to force the acce| of the Vienna note on the Divan, yet that refusal on the part of Great Britain alove suflices Ly Fhe aspect of tue Oriental cis 1. It ts not now likely that Torkey will be induced vo retract her modifica- tions of the note. This beiwg the case, a war be- tween Russia and Turkey is by xo means isn ble. Though in its decline, still the Meslem is strong enough to produce .a ‘anaticism whieh th¢ government will flud it difficult to resist, for thy fanaticism holds forth promises of rapine ‘and morder The question is what the result of hostilities woul) be for Europe. A partial »uswer to that questio: may be suggested by a review of the armies of th two Powers. The Hon; arian campaign bas enabled us to of the condition of the Rassian army, and ite fitness for the pury of war. That army has made much progress since the Polish campaign. The various corps are coapletely man and mounted; the materials are excellent. Their would- famed stubbornness is unduninisbed. They are now more able in manwuvring ‘ihe Don Cossacks alone are not what they used to be. The faults of the Russian army may be enumerated under the following heads :—Tbey are awkward in the commiseariat and victualling departmenta; they have an ebjection to quick 4d during movements ; their outpost service is still nexlected; and they keep their troops too much concen'ra’ed. To judge of the Turkish army is much more diffi- cult." The regular troops of the two corps which are usually quarterei in aud aronvd Constantiaople, con- sist of fine men, well dressed und armed; the artille- ry has good marksmen and drivers; fhe intent \ceuvre telerably well ; but tne cavi mane y 3 +4 . at the Benube the worst pores he can be oa cial corps—of which two are station or Balkan, while two are in Syriu and Gers are said to be far worse. Siuce the of Nisib they have never taken the fleid, coor against the Druses and the Montesegrins aud in either ease their conduct was not very creoitable. _ No one has ever thought of pra‘sing the ‘ian auxiliaries. It is difficult to say whether the are re, or irregular troups. They want dicei- pline. The corps of irregulars are et composed of Albanians—bold fellows, inceed, but robbers. Of the Turkish generals the world knows nothing. Omar Pasha’s name elone is known beyond the ooa- fines of Tarkey, an4 even be hss never done’ any- thing to warrant his military reputation. He appears, however, to be aware of the fact that, since the = of Belgrade and Salankemen, the Turks fight only Ww. roteated by walls, H» is prepared to act on the defensive, and relics on his fortresses and rw | entrenched camps. contradict me when I aasert.that js not fit to fight pitched battles. ht ib y defend fortresses and entrenchments, and the irregulars, if allowed toplun- would do for short ex pea tenth De commaal at their is not caucl aie But pitshed) battles can No eoldier w! the Terkish arm; der, te baer) 1d 1829. was ant . only be fought by armies that bave confi ee in their officers and in themselves; and how is it possible that the battalions can have confidence in their offi. | cers, since those officers are mere drilling masters ? | The re; ‘are, moreover, prone to commit excess- es, and such troops are never so be relied on in & battle. ; ‘As for the scene of the war, it presenta the t- est difficulties to the provisioning of troops and the communications between the varias cor re Walle lachia and Bulgaria, in “964s. 876 tolerant) ate tew but their stores euflice only for nai ‘are bad st weeks. Thraciaisadesyt. The. ~went of au- the best of eeasons; from the commence 4 tumn to the end of spring they are impassa. , itary operationsare possible ouly between May “> October, The remainder of the year it is impossibre to march troops, especially artiliery, The of provisions by land is inp .ssible; by sea it is our ral dangerous. ms mere nonsense to soy that Russia the negotiations to the commencement pions the purpore of veing safe from the operations of the fleets. In those provinces there is no war in winter. Even the siege of the fortresses on the Dan- ube would present enormons difficulties, + The Danube separates the two armies. The eross- ing it at any one point pre-euts the greatest diffieal- ties to the Rassians. The Turks have the advantage of fortresses on the Danube, sud the means of crose ing the river at Widdin, A wor ona Jarge scale is impossible before May ‘The Ruseian army is not equal > the exigencies of war by means of flying columns and detached (kleiner kreig.) Attacks upon the fortresses ani short expeditions, might possibly give the Tarks ax ‘The peculiarities of the two armies make it the inder: est of the Russians to make war in a grand style. Bat, since such a war is impossible in win er, hat on earth can induce them to menee hostilities be. fore the proper time arrives’ 1» isin their interest to wait, ano their trocps | while the Turkish army, on the «ther hand, suffers from proe i eular Wroops and troops commit excesses conoot bear the trials of inactivity, even when pun tua'ly paid, which is not likely to be the case in the prevent lostance. The Russians, therefore, will ve quiet eaoagh during the winter. But there can be no doubt that it would be to the adventage of the Turks to commence the war at once, if they could but do so {t is, indeed, easier for them to cross the Danie than for the Russians, but they cannot engage in pitched patiles; and, i> they entered Waltachia, the Russians, choosing their own field, would meet them with large concentrated masses. Besides, what wi » the badness of the rows and the want of provisions for the army, the Tarke can as little advance into Wallachia as the Rassians into Bulgaria and Yhra If, therefore, war, be declared, or if events equal to & declaration of war sbould occur, the winter will probably pass without ary serious engagement. A few skirmishes may powthiy tke place on the oat- poste; the Rusa’ans will take cure of themselves ia the principalities, snd the Turkish troops may possi- bly pass the tim killmy ava plundering the pea When the time for making war ar rives, the Turkish army will be iu # state of thorough insubordination, aud the Divan will be glad to have peace at any price; and, since the Russians are al- ways moderate in their conditions, it is but too pro- bable that » peace will be concluded, of which the French scribes of Reschid Pasha will say that it is triumph of the unconquerable perseverance of the virtuous and heroic Ostwanlis. | Property Axp Taxes 1X Bostox.—The assessed yaluation of the property in Boston, for taxation, in 1863, is as folows:— $116,090,900 00 Real estate ‘00 423'300 r+ Personal... Total..... 5+ $206,514,200 00 This amount is taxed at $7 00 per $1,000, 31° 600807 2 The oll tax assessed on 29,969 por. sons, at $1 50 44,998 6) Total tax . 1,614,446 42 Of which the State "908,601. 00 Bonton pays 32 90 of 83 per cent.