The New York Herald Newspaper, October 10, 1853, Page 4

JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR; ervick Ne Ws CORNSK OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. POT CUES ‘PRMS Tk 3 + Syre aed é iL 4B. ) 2 cents per copy—87 num EKLY HERALD eocry Saturday at, tig conte er annum: the Burepen. Rdit- n B+ on Great Britain, and 8 to amy part o the postage il for Subscripiions or with ‘dver- pa the yoaage tl b: de ucted from d. CORRESPONDENCE, containing imsor- from anu quarter af the world: 4’ used will ‘B@- OUR Fonuion Conmusronpanrs EQUESTED TO REAL ALL LETTERS AND Peox aces sm NO NOTICE taken ef anon; mows communteations. We do aot reiurn those rejected. : JOr' PRINTING executed with meatness, chea, ness and espe itch {CHC ERTISEMENTS renewed ever) day. Voccme No. 281 AMUSEMENTS TH!S EVENING. METROPOLITAN HALL—Juiiien’s Concene, BOWERY THEA’ Bowery—Hesrew Sox—Dutcn @o.m Npant—Borrie In TAY THEATRE, Brosdway—Uncux Par’s Ca- weep ay von Labise—Tubp¥ eae TILER, NIBLO’S, Broadway—Down Giovanni. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers stroet—Twetrru Nicut ~My Unere’s Carp. Fy .--apaaa THEATRE, Chatham street—Unois Tom’s ABN. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway—Tarine rr On— Bexoor FOR CANDAL, RICAN MUSEUM—Afternoon—Taryv wo rr On—Mi- a Houpay. Bvenint—OrPxan’s Dream. MADISON AVENUE—Afternoon and Evoning—Fraxco mrs CorossaL HipropRome. CHRISTY’S AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE, —Eraiorian MeLopies sy Cxaisty’s Oren aL’ WOOD’S MINSTRELS, Wood's MusicalgHall.444 Broad. way -Erwioriay Minstnxrsy. BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, 589 Brosdway—Bvoxtur’s Brworiay Orrea Trovre. BANVARD’S GEORAMA, 96 Broadway—Panonama oF was Hory Lado, HOPE CHAPEL, 718 Broadway—Franxenerain’s Pano- Baxs oF Niaeana. ACADEMY HALL, 663 Broadway—Siexrine Max, RUENISH GALLERY, 663 Broadway—Day and Rvening. S8'GNOR BLITZ—Srovvesant Institute. cH ROOMS, 589 Broadway—Peruam’s Grrr Bxur- Esrion OF THE Seven MiLe MinROR. POWELL’S GREAT NATIONAL PAINTING vor rue NMENT 18 NOW OPEN AT THE ART-UNION GALLERY, OADWAY. Hew York, Monday, October 10, 1853. Brosdway OURS. Mails for Europe. THE NEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. The royal mail steamship America, Capt. Lang, will Jeave Boston cn Wednesday, at 12 o’clock, for Liverpool. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the New Yore Hunarp will be received at the following places im Burope — Isvenroot—John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street, ianpos—FEdwards, Sandford & Co., Cornhill. “ Wm. Thomas & Co., No. 19 Catherine street, Paxw—Livingston, Wells & Co., Rue de la Bourse, “ BH, Revoil, No. 17 Rue de la Banque. The European mails will clese in this city at three o’clcek to-morrow af.ernooa. ‘The Werxiy Herat will be published at half-past nine e’elick to-morrow morning. Single copies, in wrappers, @xpence. ‘The News. ‘The arrival of the steamship Star of the West yes- terday afternoon enables us to give the details of two weeks intelligence from the far-off State on the Pacific. The news is not important, except so far ‘as we are enabied to gather [rom it the result of the Btate election, which seems to have occupied the public mind to the entire exclusion of every other ga ject. The returns, although incomplete, seemed to indicate the succ2ss of the democratic candidates, ni the consequent re-zlection of John Bigler to the Office of Governor, and the probable success of the entire State ticket. The Legislature will also be almost unanimously democratic. One million five hundred thousand dollars, it is stated, were expended for electioneering purposes. Several serious and some fatal rencontres occurred ‘on the day of election in different parts of the State, which is greatly to be deplored ; but when we con. sider the excitement which was manifested previous fo, the election, on the various topics which were & rown into the canvass, it ia not a cause uf much woader that conflicts such as are described should have occurred. We refer to the details of the news for a further account of these sad transactions, and also for a full report of all matters of interest which @ccurred in tie nw State during the fortnight pre- oeding the departure of the steamer of the 16th ult. Extraordinary excitement existed in the Sandwich Islands at the date of our last advices .ia conse- quence of the awful cavages of the smalJpox, and the utter neglect of the proper authorities t> take any steps to check the pernicious scourge. The natives were being swept away like leaves in the autuma ; in some districts over one-third of the population had died, and in the city of Honolulu there were six hundred and sixty three interments between the 26th of June and 22d of July. So great was the indig- nation of the citizens against the Ministers of Fi- nance and Publis Instruction, who refused to provide means for the purpose of vaccinating all who requir- ed it, that large meetings bad been held, at which resolutions were adopted requesting their dismissal from office. A petition for the same object had re- ceived some thirteen thousand signatures, and been presented to King Kamahamaha, but what action his Mojesty would take in the matter had not transpired. ‘The wheat crop of the islands had been harvested, and found to realize the most sanguine expectations of the hcsbandmen. Many mills and machine works were being constructed, and groat efforts were mak- ing among all classes to increase both the mechanical and agricultural productions of the isiands. Our specia! Washington correspondent transmits two circulars from the Treasury Department, rela- tive to the redemption of United States stocks re- deemable in 1856, '62, '67 and ’68, which will be found of interest to the holders of the pledges in question. The warfare bas fairly commenced betwoen the old and the new democratic organs in Washington. The former continues its denunciation of Mr. Dickin- gon, and threatens him with the fate of Mr. Cal houn in the days of General Jackson. On the other hand thenew exponent of democratic principles curtly remarks that if the stand taken by the hard shell is to be viewed as treason, it is wide spread and deep- weated, and one in which the sympathies of the whole Souhern democracy are enlisted. While upon the theme of the difficulties in the ranks, we ‘would direct the reader's attention to the articles we to-day publish from journals high in the estimation of certain members of the Cabinet, in which a most vindictive onslaught is made against the American correspondent of the London Times. We have ad- verted to this affair in another column. Capitalists, speculators, and business men gene- rally, are evidently in a quandary. Their faces are matorally turned with nervous anxiety to Europe, bat, being unable to decipher the prospective or even existing etate of affairs on that continent, most of them seem to have wisely concladed not to ven- ‘tare too much upon the various projects of the day— to reserve their funds until they ascer- tain the turn things are likely to take. By reference to our financial and commercial reports it will be obsetved that considerable business was done at the stock board on Saturday—sales being effected in most instances atadecline. The market for bread- stuffs was inanimate, notwithstanding the fact tnat the price of flour fell from sixpence to a shil- ling on the barre ‘his shows that holders and dealers do not consider themselves exactly safe in keeping up the prices in face of the large receipts of flour and grain of all kinds from the West. But while operators in stocks and breadstuffs are 1] us wavering in suspense, the general condition of af ims in our city i highly pio perous and en conragin’. Our mercnauts, mechanics, "ab 7) and : there, ar litera!ly overran with br sess. The stores are thronged with countre tants and strangers who hive been 8” 44 thither from all sections of mt ot'y I" Continent hut the world by | the indus'rial ex)"\ition; new and magnificent buildings a. in ; up in all directions; the churches, theatre? concerts, hotels, saloons, railroad cars | apd other vebic'es—in fact, every p'ace in — the city is crowed to excess. There is work for all | who desire, and amusement for ali who seek it. Un- der these c'reumstinces it is not surprising that we should mect so many smiling and contented faces which ever way our eyes may be turned. ult and discord coca Seeannmnner abel ng ali parties, clans and cliques. The democrats, the whigs, and the sbolitioniste, are split up, and writhing from intestine commotions; and now, in orier to keep up with the spirit of the times, the Women’s Rights party have not only quarrelled among themselves in Convention, bui have taken a step in ac vance of their political cotemporaries and hada fight According to our report of the proceed- ings, a most terrific war of words took place prior to the adjournment {of the Convention last Saturday, oa the subject of Christianity, between Rev. Anteinett: Brown, Lloyd Garrison, and others. | Miss Brown defended the Bible, and Mr. Garrison opposed it. The body dissolved ia a grand row, | ané when Mr. G. reached the street his nose was | pulled ty a Mr. Nevins, as a reward for the uncour- | teous lenguage he had made use of in the course of debate. The speeches, the scenes, and the incidents that have occurred in this gathering of the stronz- minded, are unparalleled for their comicality and | spiciness in the history of all conventions which have | jen been held this season. J Ve are already beginning to hear of the backward. | ness of cotton. A despatch from New Orleans an- nounces that the decreased receipts thus far over last | year at this time amount to one hundred and six | thousand bales. r To day's inside pages contain a lengthy document j from the Mexican Minister at Washington, with re- | gard to the recent extensive military preparations of | Santa Anna; Interesting Intelligence from New | Mexico; Fashions at the South ; Proceedings in the Varicus Law Courts, embracing a curious Clerical Slander Suit, the decision of Judge Morris relative | to Assessments, &c.; and a great variety of Com- mercial and Miscellaneous News. | Mr. Guthrie's Letter on the Custom House | Appointments. | There never was a more barefaced, shame- | lees attempt, made by any administration— not even excepting that of the valiant | Captain Tyler—to gag public opinion, and | to cram men who have sunk in public ! esteem down people’s throats, than at pre- sent. Never was the Cabinet and its menials more avowedly engaged in buying up votes through government patronage—never was the buying and selling of places for rowdy politicians and grog shop patriots so openly eanctioned or officially enjoined. It really seems as if the present Cabinet had run mad in | the sordid attempt to truckle to worthless fac- | tions—as if, in their wretched fear of retribu- tion, they dreaded nothing so much as the | merest chance of being contaminated by princi. | ples. Marcy and Jefferson Davis act like men | who have no faith whatever in the people; they | treat the great body of the population as an | inert mass, and the factions as the motive | power, which requires to be stimulated by | office. The Secretary of the Treasury—a man un- | known to fame, ignorant and inexperienced in | regard to finance, but supposed to be upright | and honest—after many flourishes of indepen- | dence and rectitude, paraded in the government organs, has, on the very first occasion which presented itself, capitulated to Marcy,and taken the lead in the prostitution of the administra- tion to the intrigues of faction. He has come with unblushing front into the political sham- | bles of this great city,and commanded the pur- | chase of all the factious offal that has accumu- lated since 1848. He has given his orders to make no further invectmon¢ in ovund aul Whole- | some provisions, and has thereby shown his | stupid and faithless disregard for the health of | the body politic. The administration seem to be ridden with the absurd and pusillanimous notion | that the free soilers of the North and the seces- | sionists of the South constitute the great ma- | jority of the democratic party, and that the whole skill of the government consists in satis- | tying the malcontente. They slander the na- tional democracy by every official act, and in | their moral idiotcy imagine that they can save | the integrity of the party by perpetuating its diseases. The political quacks at Washington | believe that they are doing wonders towards consolidation when they render an inflamma- | tory distemper chronic, and will not stop in their career of folly till they have rendered it incurable. | But this letter of Secretary Guthrie, while | base and contemptible in its conception, carries | | alledged eccentricities—his involve h's administration iu disgrace and ruin. If he wou'd save himself and the couatry from the anarchy of factions—if he would prevent the renewa! of the baitle about slavery—he must dismiss his Cabinet before the mécting of the next Congress. Let him turn out his secreta- ries, with bis collectors, post-masters, naval officers, surveyors—let him put honest men in Office, untainted by facticn, and rely for support on the great body of sensible and virtuous men who have elected him. In a word, let General Pierce take council from his generosity and courage, and not from his apprehensions and fears. The Spolls Cabinet Organ and the Indepen- dent Press of the World. We publish to-day two articles—one from the Washington Union and the other from the Bos- ton Post—having reference to the London Times and its New York correspondent. The intelligent reader will remember that the Times is an independent press, and as such it very cordially, and with great discrimination, supported the claims of Gen. Pierce to the Presidency of the United States. Obvious rea- sons. relating to the interests of the two govern- ments, in the opinion of the sagacious men who control the great London press, induced the conviction, both here and across the water. that the cause of the people of England and the United States would be promoted by the elec- tion of the democratic candidate. In the day of trial, the Times and its correspondent were good authority—the character of neither the one nor the other was thought to call for re probation. Now, the same paper, finding the ad ministra- tion tobe the tool of pliant politicians—of po- litical hucksters and spoilsmen—seeing the government led into the embrace of agitators and factionists. takes an occasion to record the fact. Its correspondent—the same that elicited the praises of the President and hisfriends, dur- | ing the election—is now the object of coarse abuse and disgusting personal detraction. The Zmes can get along very well under this new edict. It has recently been taken to account in Spain, and by adecree of Her Catho- lic Mojesty’s ministers excluded from the Peninsula. It can surely meet the frowns of the obscure journals of Washington, and will hardly expire if the Cabinet, following the example of Isabel II., should formally prohibit its circula- tion in the United States. Try it, Master Cush- ing-—try it. Master Marcy ! But what, after all, is most remarkable is, that the spoilsmen of the administration, and their Boston organ, should so suddenly discover in C. Edwards Lester, Esq., propensities to use the patronage of the government. Mr. Lester’s application for an appointment—supposing that he had made one—is the subjeet of alarm, and it is heralded to the country as a reason why he should be foreclosed from saying anything thereafter against Gov. Marcy and his asso- ciates. The vilest personal abuse is heap- ; ed upon him—old records are revived and new ones are forged by way of crushing an unsuccessful applicant to the State De- partment for official position. Is this a part of the ‘programme of that department? Are its victims to be strangled? Is misfortune a crime? Be itso. The case before us promises aresurrection. Madam Rumor has whispered into the listening ear of the public that a few months ago—long after the date of Mr. Lester’s friendship was thought to be so important as to warrant a cor- respondence between himself anda high ofi- cer of the administratiem, with a view of secur- ing it. Mr. Lester owes it to himself and the public to bring this correspondence to light. Let us have the whole thing. Tue Mexican Minister ann Savra ANNA— THE WARLIKE PREPARATIONS AND THEIR OBJECT. —We have given from time to time, from relia- ble sources, accounts of the present position of Mexico, and we have also annunciated the fact that Gen. Antonio Lopez de Senta Anna was busily engaged in perfecting and increasing the army of Mexico. Some authorities have given out that this activity prognosticated another war with this country, and that the provocative was the appearance of United States troops in the Mesilla valley. What we believe, and what facts show to be the true state of the case, is, that Santa Anna intends to declare the empire in Mexico, and that he, knowing that a declara- tion is nothing if unsupported by physical power. intends to support and to give effect to his declaration by the presence and acquies- | cence of a strong armed force. Both of these reasons having been assigned, General Almonte, the Mexican Minister at Washington, has used the columns of the Wa- in its tone and language an eflrontery aad dis- | tional Intelligencer to give what he would regard for the common decencies of govern- | ment, not to say of life, which. we are afraid. | will mark an epoch in our history. General | Pierce occupies the seat which before him was | occupied by Washington, by Jefferson, by Ma- dison, and Jackson. Just imagine Alexander | Hamilton writing to the collector of New York; « You must appoint your weighers, gaugers and tide-waiters, your messengers and watchmen, from the particular set, who, though untrue to the constitution. are willing to support me,” and you will see to what depth of moral degra- dation the government has fallen under Marcy and Jefferson Davis. And then how utterly regardless of the usual forms of politeness and decency is this letter of Secretary Guthrie! Not satisfied with using insulting language towards a man of greater professional reputation than himself, he sends copies of that letter to the Naval Officer and Sur- veyor of this port, and causes the publication of the letter in the government newspapers. He seems to take pride in announcing the pros- titution of his bigh office to demagoguism. With cynic indifference to the respect of the world, be seems to enjoy beforehand the eon- tempt and deprecation of honest men of all parties if thereby he can add to the mortifica- tion of the national democracy or to the exul- tation of the anti-national factions of the coun- try. The Albany Regency, whose odious prac- tices brought about the crisis of 1840, is now in- stalled at Washington. Query—will it meet a better fate in 1856 ? As long as Marcy and Jeff. Davis divide the power of the State between them there can be no improvement in public affairs. The country has repudiated bo.h, and the mass of the people have no confidence in their integrity as politi- cians. General Pierce is, no doubt, determined to stand by the country and its nationality; and ke is eclipsed by these fatal meteors, who have no regular orbit round the sun, and must ex- plode long before the earth has completed its | revolution. With the present Cabinet General Pierce will be powerless in Congress. THis plans and views im regard to our foreiga rela- tions will lack the gmpport ofnational men, and the disaffections in both houses will final! have us believe is the true state of the case. This manifesto we have printed in the Heratp of to-day. Its premises are unsound, its rea- soning is founded upon visionary ideas, and its logic is fallacious and altogether ridiculous. General Almonte was dangerous in Mexico; he was too popular, and Santa Anna made use ofa stroke of policy in sending him to this country. His ipse dixit, which is given in the letter re- ferred to, is of no value. He knows nothing of the circumstances in the case, and he is not in | thr confidence of Santa Anna ina movement like a coup d’état, The Intelligencer, in an editorial paragraph, says that the intentions of Santa Anna have been “extensively misre- presented.” Itis a pity that Santa Anna should be misrepresented—he is so pure-minded, so virtuous, so selfsacrificing. We haye no doubt that Almonte is sincere; we have no doubt that he is wrong. That Santa Anna intends to declare himself Emperor of Mexico, and that he intends to sup- port his coup d’état by the presence, and, if need be, the action of armed troops, we have no doubt, and that such is the case time will toe truly show. The manifesto of Almonte will be of no effect, because it is well known in this country and in Mexico that Santa Anna confides in no one. It might as well be supposed that Louis Napo- leon informed Count de Sartiges that he inten- ded to declare the empire in France previous to his late coup d’état—in fact, such an idea is more probable, because the French Minister would be favorably disposed towards such a line of policy, whereas Almonte ig very well known to be opposed to such a course on the part of Santa Anna or anybody else. The rea son that Almonte gives for the activity in war- like affairs shown by Santa Anna is simply ridiculous. No expeditions are fitting out in this country against any Mexican territory, and there is a great deal of dilference betweea the United States in 1835 und the United States n 1853. Jt was difficult to prevent our citizens in their endeavors to assist Texas; no such reason for aggression exists at the present time, and it naturaily follows that no such ciream- stances will trenspire. it is a political axiom, | paintings, which are to be sold at auction in De- that no ac> ‘s commenced without a motive, | Santa Anna kn ws this as well as we do, and we are surprised that so intelligent a diplomat as Almonte sheu'd put forth so miserable a manifesto. No matter what he may say, the fect remains the same—Santa Anna intends to be Fm) eror 9° Mexico; it will be for the peo- ple of Mexico to decide whether or not he shall be successful. Tre Art Unton Revrvat.—This is, par ex- cellence, the epoch of revivals. We have just had the revival of the whig party, «nd of Wil- liam H. Seward as its leader and prospective candidate for the Presidency in 1856. And we have had the revival of the Van Buren dynasty, with the consequent evils which it naturally entails on the democratic party of the Union. Other social. political and religious revivals, have also taken place of late, and among them up comes again the American Art Union. We had thought that the management of this in- stitution had reason to be perfectly satisfied with the share of public contempt which fell to their lot within the past year or two. Butit seems they were not, and so, after a short in- termission, they again come forward with new and stronger claims to popular odium. These are the circumstances:— Mr. Wm. H. Powell, a young American artist, recently arrived in this city from Europe with a magnificent painting, destined for the decora- tion of one of the panels of the rotunda in the Capitol at Washington. This picture re- presents the Discovery of the Mississippi by the celebrated Fernando de Soto, in 1542. The other seven pictures in the rotunda—of uniform size with this—being illustrative of historical scenes which had occurred east of the Alleghanies. it had been decided that the eighth panel should be filled with a representa- tion of a Western scene, and that the execution of the painting should be confided to a Western artist. Mr. Powell undertook the task, for which he was to receive from Congress ten thousand dollars. Having devoted “between three and four years to the study and com- position of his work, and expended some eight thousand dollars upon it, he finished by pro- ducing a most splendid masterpiece of art. No such magnificent painting has ever left the atelier of an American artist as that of the Discovery of the Mississippi. He brought it to New York a week or two ago for the purpose of placing it on exhibition for a short time, with a few others of his paintings, so as to give our citizens an opportunity of viewing it be- fore it was removed to its destination, and that he might derive some emolument from it. The management of the American Art Union. at first appeared desirous of promoting the inter- ests of art, aud offered to give Mr. Powell, free of charge, a place in their gallery for his paint- ings. He availed himself of the apparently kind disposition on their part, and had, at some expense, his paintings placed in suitable position. In a few days, however, he was un- deceived as to the realcharacter of the mana- gers of the institution. They notified him of their intention to charge him for the privilege allowed him, and demanded no less than at the rate of $1,500 a year for permission to exhibit his picture. This, of course, Mr. Powell in- dignantly refused to agree to, and, in reply to the outrageous demand made on him, he wrote the following letter :— New Yorx, Ocr. 6, 1853. Ge Austen Esq., Treasurer of the Art Union, Sin—I yesterday evening received ad note, in which yon request me to meet you to-day to sign the following agreement:—‘1 agree to hire from the Americen Art Union a portion of their G: for the purpose of exbibitiug my paintiug ‘ De Soto,” which is to be placed in the same position now occu- ied by the painting of ‘“ Washington Crossing the elaware.”’ A partition, to be placed at my ex- pense, aud to be removed by me at the termination of the exhibition, — feet from west end of tne gal- lery--the exhibition of the same to close on the fifteenth day of November next. On which day I agrec toremove the painting and partition, andto pay for the use of that portion of the gallery anda pasxage to it from Broadway $150 above named. Dated, Oct. 1, 1853.” I have no words at my command to express the profound astonishment with which I have read this pored agreement. When foe will have ran your eye over the following usrrative, I feel assured, sir, that you will not be surprised at my promptly de- clining to put my signature to any such paper, if, indeed, you ever really supposed that I woul do 80. I arrived here wiih my painting for the gov- ernment—Le Soto's Discovery of the Mississippi— on the fourteenth of September, in the steamer Franklin. 1 bad expended, in order to make it as perfect a work of art as it was in my power to pro- duce, $8,000, which is within $2,000 of what 1 am to receive trom the government fur my work. Tam poor, and that pene is all I have in this world to depend on. I hoped that by placing it be- fore the New York public for a short time that I should make for myself a little money towards de- fraying my outlay. 1 wished to get a place where [ could exhibit it to'good advantage. I called, accom- anied by my brother, Gen. Powell, of Ohio, upon fir. Warner and yourself, having been informed that you were the two active members of the Art Union Committee, You told me that I could have a por- tion of the room, and agreed to let me runa par- tition across such a portion of it as wouid answer for the exhibition of my picture, and portraits of La- martine, Eugene Sue, Alexander Dumas, and others, and yousaid, ‘We do not wish to make money out of you. We shall not, probably, charge you anything for the space you waut; and as there is a new gas company which lights up the whole gallery every evening as an exhibition of its quality to the public, they will probably make no charge to you, for the rearon that they will light up whether you are there or not. So send up your pictares, and get your car- penter to work. It will bring us people to see our cember. With the most grateful feclings towards Pad elf and Mr. Warner, and the whole of the committee, I did precisely as you suggested, and opened my picture to the public without delay; bet, teing careful, I asked you, in presence of your brother, Mr. John Austen, whether there was no danger tbat the other members of the Art Union Committee might not object? ‘0 no!” was th» re- ly; “whatever we do they will concar in. So beleg on your pictare and put ap your partition.” [ did so. It cost me $24 83, and about $60 more to for the ter: af get the painting ready for exhibition. Now, sir, having spent what isto me in my pre- sent circumstances large sum of money, I am in- formed that my picture must be taken down, and ut so far back that really no space at all will be jeft to view it. The picture must thus be sacrificed; and so far from having the room fo: nothing, I m pay $150 for about five weeks, and must agree to leave the premises at atime when my picture will but have made iteelf fairly known to the public. I do think, sir, this is cruel. In your first note you tell me that the Asphalt Gas Company will shut off the gas if I do not immedi- ately make terms with them; and last evening, on a teturn from seeing my mother off in the cars for Obio, I found, to my grief and mortification, that Georee, the keeper of the Gallery, had received in- structions from you not to light the room until I had signed youragreement. This, sir, to say the least, T feel to be an atrocious outrage upon my feelings as @ man and Se Niger asan These are facts—simple, naked facts, which I relate; and in doing so I beg to add that { will cat off my right hand oefore it ever sign such an agreement as you now propose. No, sir of ube Art Union may do what they please; throw the in the street; [am at their mercy; and I will forego the smail emolument I bad looked forward to as some remuneration for five years toil and separation from my family. I have been at all this expense for nothing, caused by false promises, and I will do no more. I have worked for fame, and to do honor to my country. Your Gallery costing you nothing—the store in front, I believe, pays your entire rent—L supposed that there would be no sacrifice oo your pat, and that you were siocere in stating that your committee “ did not wish to make any money cut of me” I therefore reiterate my determination not to sign your proposition. Respectfully yours, W. H. PowenL. This is one of the modes in which the Ameri- can Art Union fosters, encourages, and rewards native talent, The institution has been jn ex istence for over ten years, during wh'ch time it received some hai: Million of dollars from the public, a hundred thousand of which, according to the Legislative report, it has failed to ac- count for. We believe that its action towards Mr. Powell is but a true indication of its gene ral contemptible policy. It first endeavored to prevent Congress from giving him the commis- sion, and then, after hypocritically pretending to befriend him, it ends by turning himselt and his pictures into the street. Its reward, how- ever, it has found in the general execration of a deceived community. So much for the Art Union and its revival. Mr. Powell can afford to despise its petty exhi- bition of malevolence. His magnificent paint- ing will be exhibited to-morrow in the Gallery of the Academy of Design, and no lover of the fine arts among our citizens should delay visit- ing it. Exrraorpinary Pourticat Excrrement—Tae CaBINET AND THE CoLEcToR.—The remarkable and conspicuously disgraceful circular letter addressed by Secretary Guthrie to Collector Bronson—which;was published in our columns last Saturday, relative not to any high princi- ples of national policy, but to the miserable scramble for offices among drunken politicians— has created in political circles, all over the city, aftremendous excitement, which is spreading through the State. We learn that Mr. Bronson is preparing a letter in answer to Secretary Guthrie, and that it will be one of the most scorching rebukes that a high minded and honorable man, actuated by great principles and integrity, could give toa miserable, low- minded, pettifogging, spoils-system Secretary of the Treasury. This letter, when it shall be published, will only add to the political excitement in this State, relative to the policy of the new adminis- tration and the conduct of the present Cabinet, We have no doubt that popular indignation meetings will be held in various parts of the city in a few days, relative to this quarrel be- tween the Cabinet and the Collector, and that this will onfy tend the more to give edge, vitality and interest to the approaching State electionin New York. Indeed, we understand that preparationsare being made to get up: effigies of Secretary Guthrie, for the purpose of burn- ing them in the open street. This will give some additional custom to portrait painters of acertain rank, and to manufactures of rosin, saltpetre, and other inflammable materials. Mr. Bronson, we understand, is game to the back- bone. He says he will not resign. He does not say he will be d—d if he resigns, because he is a pious man and goes to church; but he de- clares, with a serious look, that he will not re- sign, and that they may turn him out and go— wherever they please. This war against our present corrupt Cabi- net—which our well-meaning, worthy, and ex- cellent President has unfortunately taken to him at Washington—will not cease until these ministers be driven to the four winds of hea- ven, The atrocious principles impudently and openly avowed by them in their missives and circulars—such as that to Collector Bronson— will create a degree of indignation throughout the whole of this land, sufficient to consign them and all their supporters to everlasting con- tumely and oblivion in the political annals of the country. The war which has begun among the virtuous portion of the people—and the in- dependent people, too—against the spoils-sya- tem Cabinet and the corrupt administration, and application of the offices, will be successful, and will leave a memorable example in its issue, to all future patriots, Presidents, and politicians, Talk on * ° Trade in breadstuffs was somewhat checked for the two or three days of last week by a sort of contest between the holders of flour and the consignees of versels for Eng- lish ports. Tonnage being scarce, with a good demand for other ports, shipowners and agents were under the impression that shippers would be measurably compelled to accede to the advanced rates demanded. This, how- ever, could not be done unless some concession was made in the price of flour; and, as neither party were dis- posed for a time to give way, the business became con- tracted. On Saturday, however, there were slight con- cessions on both sides. Flour gave way, and common brands of State closed at $6 75 a $6 87; and Liverpool freights closed at about 3s. 64. for flour, and 12d. in bulk for wheat. Corn was without change, while wheat was easier. Mess pork closed at $17 12 a $17 25. e ‘The stringency in the money market during the past week was not without its influence upon produce. On Friday the pressure was severely felt, but closed on Satur- day with a slight reaction. The stability with which busi- ness men in all branches of trade maintained their credit when passing through the severe ordeal of last week was considered wonderful. With the exception of one solitary house, and that in the dry goods trade, no stop- page in any quarter was reported. The house referred to was an old and highly respectable firm. The amount for which it had suspended was not stated. The strength with which the recent tight money market had been sus- tained proved the general prosperity of the country. ‘The payments from the West and South were said to come for- ward atisfactorily, The products of agriculture gene- rally were remunerative, lands had advanced, and farmers were generally doing well. A gentleman recently from the West stated that horses, mules, cattle, and hogs, were all paying handsomely. Horses and mules especially were never higher than at the present time. This enhance- ment in prices had been induced to some extent by the immense droves of stock driven west to Oregon and Cali- fornia, The circumstances of the country were very dif- ferent from those of any former period. It had grown too large, too rich and powerful, to be rained, or even seriously checked, by any temporary or local disturb- ances, The reports regarding the injury to the tobacco crop of Virginia and Kentucky were contradictory, Some stated that the frost was that known as white and did little damage, while others contended that their advices indi- ated considerable injury. It was presumed that the amount of injury varied with the elevation of the coan- try. It was said that frost, or no frost, a full crop could not be realized. ‘Tis Late Manton DICKERSON OF New Jexsky.—We have noticed the decease of this venerable Senator, on the 5th inst. His funeral took place from his late residence, near Dover, Morris county, N. J., on Friday, 7th inst. It ‘was attended by a large assemblage of the citizens of New Jersey and others, Mr. Dickerson was 82 years of age, and bad never been married. He left a large estate, be- queathed by him principally to his nephews. His pro- perty consisted in the most valuable part of iron mines, part of which have been producing an income of more than ten thousand dellars a year. The brother of the de- ceased, Hon. Philemon Dickerson, of Paterson, is Judge of the United States District for New Jersey. He was a mem. ber of Congress for three terms, having been first elected a representative in 1833, and was chosen Governor of the State in 1836, He was appointed by President Van Buren to his present office of District Judge, succeeding Judge Russell, who died in June, 1840. ForriGn Constt.—Louis del Valle has been officially re- cognized by the President as Consul of the Mexican repub tic for the port of San Francisco, Yaval Intelligence. The U. §. frigate Columbia, G. J. Pendergrast, comman- der, arrived at this port yesterday, in 19 days from Pensa- cola Bar, The following is a list of her officer Commander—G. J. lergrast; Lieutenants—T. , Win. B, Rensha: M. Muli Fleet Strrgeon—Solomon Sharp; Jas. B. Whiting, Thomas LL, I r. Dunn; Mas Stark; Byt. Lit Lt. Ma Vo James A P. Met al Sailmaker, Robt | 1 Rallway and Steamboat Accidents -Ong Life Lost. * A fatal cottisfon took piace on the Hudson River Rai? road on Saturday evening. The evening exprese betwoer | New York and Troy was,ias usual, some twenty minutes late in passing Tivoli. A few rods above that place, « freight and cattle train had moved on to the switsh tc! let it pass; but, unfortunately, owing to the : length of the cattle tcain, two or three of the ‘Sarde cars could not find room on the switch, and still remained! on the main track. The conductor of the express trai perceived them shortly before the collision, and imme. diately took measures to stop his engine, By this means an awful disaster was doubtless averted. As it the collision took place, and the engine and tendes thrown off the track. A fireman, named Abraham) Folon was s0 severely injured that he died two hours at. . terwards, at the hotel to which he was carried. The en. gineer, Pearson, was wounded in the hand andarm. None of the passengers were hurt; in fact, as the baggage was not thrown off the track, many of them were not | aware that any accident had taken place. Of the cattle \W in the train rup into, four or five head were killed by the shock, and several others severely injured. The engine of the express train—the Putnam—now ee, ina very shattered state at the scene of the disaster, es short distance from Tivoli. About two hours afterwards, as the steamer Hendrik! Hudson was passing Esopus meadows, near Poughkeepsie, on hertway from New York, she was run into by a slo heavily laden with lumber. The injury done to both ves. sels was so considerable that both were obliged to be rur, aground to save them, Fortunately no lives were lost, The [Hendrik Hudson’s passengers were taken off a fer minutes after the accident, by the America, of Coxsac Capt. Hunt, and conveyed to Albany. The Hendrik Hud: son{was herself so far repaired in the course of the day, (faturday,) as to be able to start for this port last even: ing. ————————____ Fair of the American Institute. ANNUAL EXHIBITION OF AMERICAN MANUFACTURI AT CASTLE GARDEN—HISTORICAL NOTICE OF THI INSTITUTE. ‘The twenty-sixth annual Fair of the American Insti tute opens to-day at Castle Garden, where those exbibl: tions have been held for several years past. The fi Fair was held in Ootoher, 1828, at Masonic Hall, (now) Gothic Hall,) in Broadway, where also several succeeding | Fairs were held. Niblo’s Garden subsequently becan the place of exhibition, and there it was continued a fe years, after which, in consequence of the destruction b fire of Niblo’s former establishment, the Fairs were re.| moved to Castle Garden, where they have been uniformly. successful. We understand that the present exhibitior will be a good one, and pos#@ss equal or superior attrac. tions to former exhibitions at the same place. Castle Garden, from its circular form, has advantages for dis- playing articles shown, and showing the whole at on general view to the visiter, before they examine subjec in detail. The articles exhibited at the Fairs of the Institute, it will be recollected, are exclusively American consisting not only of machinery and manufactures} but of the products of agriculture, the mines, and the arta, | ‘These exhibitions have been doubtless highly beneficial tc | inventors, particularly to young men previously unknown tofame. They are always visited by thousands who take’ an interest in the progress of the industrial arts in thi country, We have been somewhat familiar with the Americar} Institute from its origin in January, 1828, during its sub. | sequent progress to the present time. The days of for. mer years in its history “‘roll before our eyes with all the deeds.” It originated with a few discomfitted politicians, who, after the election in this State, inthe fall of 1827, which foreshadowed the election of General Jackson t¢ the Presidency, ca'led a meeting of the friends of manu. factures at Tammany Hall, in January, 1828, and or. ganized the American Institute. The leaders in this movement looked to the election of Henry Clay to the] Presidency in 1832, and, as‘many Jackson men were frien¢s of a protective tariff, it was believed that thronghi such a society, composed of men of both parties, under th lead, however, of the partizans of Mr. Clay, a strong influence could be created and exercised toward the advancement of the great advocate of the Americs system. But the Institute having been organized, its pro- gress was slow, amidst the excitement of politics, at the advent of the Jackson era. The democrats, who took the! cue from Tammany Hall, ‘‘did not like the looks of tha white heap yonder,” and the rats whom it was hoped entrap, kept aloof from the heap of meal, from the app hension that something wrong was concealed under iti The political character of the Institute, was, thereforel soon abandoned; ® charter was obtitined from a Jacksor Iegislature in May, 1829, under which the society has} grown into its present importance and value, as a State ond national institution. By a fortunate purchase a few] years since, of its present building, No. 351 Broadway, the realestate possessed by the Institute, over and above} its small obligations, is valued at about one hundred thou. sand dollars, besides a well selected library of seven thou, sand yolumes. The following have been the Presidents of the Institute, all now deceased:— The ‘wo latter gentlemen have died the present month and we have given biographical notices of them in the Hrsap. Col. Few, the first President of the Institute, died in 1828, after a residence of many years in this city, He was a prominent citizen of Georgia, and was one off the delegates from that State in the convention which| framed the United States Constitution; also a Senato from Georgia in the first Congress. Colonel Few was man of high character, wealth and public spirit. Jobn Mason, through his long career as a New York merchant} was much esteemed, and it is well known left hic was a zealous friend of American manufactures, Among the Vice Presidents and other trustees who! have taken an active part in the Institute, who are als deceased, may be mentioned Peter H. Schenck, Thomas R. Smith, Clarkson Crolius, senior, John B. Yates, Georgo F. Hopkins, James Lynch, Curtis Bolton, B. P. Melieh, John A. Sidell, and Thaddeus B. Wakeman. The principal master spirit of the Institute for many years was T. B, Wakeman, to whom it may be said to havel owed its existence, and to whose exertions mainly was it divested of its original political character, and preserved in its long career of neutrality with regard to the politi- cal parties of the time. A considerable number of the original and early mem- bers of the Institute, who have contributed to its success and prosperity, are still living amongst us; some of whom are active in promoting the cause of American industry and art. The agricultural department of the Institute, and th annual appropriation by the State of nearly one thousand| dollars, towards the premiums of the Institute as an agri- cultural society for this country, have done much to add| ¢ the interest of these annual exhibitions, ‘The cattle} ow and ploughing match always form a part of the at- tractions which draw farmers and others to the city and vicinity, to witness these shows at this season, pre- +ume that many strangers who visit the city this month, Will desire to compare the Fair at Castle Garden with the American portion of the exhibition at the while our own ci will take an interest in noting the progress of the industrial arta and inventions, by com- ni ing the present with former exhibitions w Sixpices of the Ametican Institute, Theatrical Intelligence. THE OPERA AND THE BALLET—MME. SONTAG-—JUL- LIEN’S LAST WEEK—HOME AND FOREIGN THEATRI- CALS, ETO., ETO. Mr. Maretzek is doing very finely with his opera at Niblo’s Garden. During the last week was played “The Barber, of Seville,” “The Elixir of Love,” and ‘Robert le Diable.”’ Signorina Maxzini was more successful in Adina than in Lucia. Signora Steffanone was too much indisposed to sing Alice, and Mme. Maretzek ‘doubled’? both female charactors—Alice and Isabella—in “Robert.’*| Mile. Pougaud, o pretty woman and clever danscuse, also} appeared in this opera. For to-night we are to have. “Don Giovanni,’’ in which Steffanone, Bertueca, Pattly Pougaud, Signors Beneventano, Viett!, and Rosi appear. Madame Sontag announces that she will give a concer on Tuesday evening, at Niblo’s Saloon, for the benefit of two worthy performers, Carl Eckart, conductor of her concerts, and Gasparo Pozzolini, the tenor. The role ins cludes the names of several eminent artists, includin Cesar Badiali, and the programme is full of vocal and in- strumental gems. Jullien announces his last week butone at Motropolitan. Tlall; then he goes to Boston. The wish to see him and r his magnificent orchestra fs as great as ever. Last produced the “Katydid Polka,” which has made ror among the ladies, A new waltz, “Paul et Vir- ginie. to-nigh 4 the “American Quadrille,” are to be played A Mathias, who has been so successful at “again on Tuosday evening in “Paquita.’? ent of Mr. Forrest at the Broadway Thea- Ho will be succeeded by Mr, andl ‘ame, who will undoubtedly draw full Mya. Barney W