The New York Herald Newspaper, September 29, 1853, Page 4

SAMBS CORDOE BENSET?, FROPEISTCS AND EDTOR BeVIe H.W. OOanss GP PULTOF AND MASGAU OT. poeeenen ee TRIED com 3 the Be Neither the Ameries, dae at Halifax, nor the Washingten, due st this port, had arrived up toa lete hour last night By singular fatality there has bern, on every eecas’on when steamers have been due at Halifax, for pine months past, a heavy stm “Down East.” Such ie the case in the present in- stanee, and consequently we are without any infor Bi per annem mation as to the steamer now overdue at that port. Mr. George, of Poughkeepsie, was yesterday checen delegate to the Whig State Convention, to reo te 0 Paria oat Pricate, ana Bite aay port of NT RY CORRESPONDENCE serisinie smnen, | represent the Seoend Assembly district of Dut hose SF ately ole for ede on Voumon Consneron: | county. A RTICURAR Ler LY REQUEOTED TO GRAL ALL RAGms aENT US E communications, We of gnomes rete rete by mail for Subscriptions or with séver- | shooting himself with e gun. to be post paid, oF the postage will be deducted from -- Ne. a70 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. MRTROPOLITAN HALL—Juzsian’s Conornre. BOWERY THEATRE, Thr Jewsse—Tue Wert or 7H Pan ron-Wisu—ABIYUL DORORR. DWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Jace Cape-Na- 92n BRGacuments. BIBLO’S, Broadwey—Maoina—Juannette AND JBAR- mor. panied THEATRE, Chambers street—Tavinc iT On —Wanozrixe Minernat Sexiovs Famizy. pamiena THEATRE, Chatham etreet—Uners Tox’s Thomas Saxon, an Englishman, formerly of New de at | York, committed suicide at Trenton yesterday by Elsewhere may be found a circular from the State Deparment, explaining who are Prassian subjects; letters from Calentta and Malta; Army Movements; Shipwrecks and their Oauses; an article on the Crystal Palace; Theatrical, Financial and Com- mercial Intelligence, &«., &e. The Pacific Railread—the Claptrap of the Pubile Lands, - Our politicians are beeoming learned ex- pounders of the constitutional powers of Con- gress touching the Pacific Railroad. Mr. Dix, in bis letter to the soft shell Young Men's Democratic Union Club, which we published the other day, dwells particularly upon this im- WALLACK’S THEATRE, Brosdway—Lova Cnuass— | portant subject. He is opposed to the appro- Beven Disnonn. AMERICAN MUSEUM—Afternoon—Boow Cuipnan— Bovex Doo. Svening—Pizanno. WADIGON AVENWE—Afternson and Evening—Faan- @emye Co10eeal BirropaoME RICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 5: Snort MrLobirs ey Cunwry's Oreaa T20 Sa WINSTREL’S, Wood's Musical Hall, 444 Bread- Brwerian MinsrRxisy. BOOKLEY’S OPERA HOUSE, 830 Breadway—Bvcx- Mega Brmorias Orxna Proven. a. 696 Breadway—Paxonama or THE Hoy HOPE CHAPRD., 718 Breadwey—Fuaruaserein’s Pa- memama OF Niacara AOSDEMY HALL. 663 Bresdway- Simerixc May. BMENISH GALLERY, 6F2 Broadway—Day and Evening. SIGNOR BLITZ—Srovvaeant lwerrrore. oa Px. GRINESE ROOMS 80 Broadway-Pranan’s Girz Bx. | Mow ‘manrri0” oF TUE Sever Mice MinROn. priation of the public money to this continen- tal, interoceanic enterprise. but is willing to vote to the road. (which, with private capital, he seems to think will do,) a margin of the wild lands along the route. But does Mr. Dix know that from the western frontiers of Missouri or Arkansas to the sum- mits or passes of the Sierra Nevada, which over- look the Pacific ocean, that the country is mostly a revolting desert ?—that the route for the Pacific Railroad anywhere within our limits must inevitably traverse these desert wastes, without a stick of timber for hundreds of miles, or a human habitation?—ihat between the Rocky tains and the Sierra Nevada there is a strip of rugged, volcanic, and desert country, ans APOLLONICON GONGESTS—Repe | gyeraging some six hundred miles in width, and OOOO Wew York, Thursday, September 29, 1553. The News. Our Washington correspondence this morning is very interesting. In regard to the Smyrna affair, it extending from the centre of Oregon dowa into the very heart of Mexico, the aver, age agricultural value of which is scarce- Jy one cent per hundred acres? Does Mr. Dix know this? If he does not we te stated that the President is of opinion the United} would respectfully call his attention to the Btates had a right to extend their protection to Borzta; tbat Austria derives no authority from in- Yernational law to interfere with the exercise of this sight; and that Capt. Ingraham’s interposition, un- @er the peculiar circumstances of the case, was right and proper. The President will decline to give his @ensent to the delivery of Koszta to the Austrian @encul-General, being convinced that his seizure gud imprisenment were illegal, but expects the Austrian Ewperor will take the proper steps to re tere him to the condition he was in before he was seized. To al! of this the American people will re mpend—Amen! We refer to the letter of our cor- respondent for a true history of Hon. Robert J. Walker's connection with the China mission, and the reasons for his resignation. There is no confir- mation of the absurd rumors, originated in this vici- mity, as to violent measures being taken against Mesers. Broncon and O’Conor by the administra- tion. We publish on the first page three important cir- eulars from the Treasury Department, to which the attention of mercantile men is especially directed. One is addressed to consuls, and instructs those offi- era that where consnlar certificates to invoices of geeds destined to the United States are required ‘they shall be granted only by the consul nearest to the place where such goods have heen manafactared @r prepared for exportation ; and a reasonable time is to be allowed consuls to examine invoices in order that their accnracy mey b2 ascertained and verified. Collectors of the customs and other revenue offices ofthe frontier and lake ports are directed to ex: greater vigilance over Indian smugglers ; and in erder to the establishment of uoifermity in the charge of duties on ariicies of wood, more particular dire tions are issued. The Massachusetts W sembled at Fitch! y Winthrop presided. Emory Washbarn. Jrdge, but which office be resigned to superintendency. of a cotton for Governor, and 1 Rant Governo 3 nov in Europ friends say he will not accept. as currently re ported that a wealthy wi don Mr. Choate and pressed him to L Mr. C. peremptorily declined ‘on, said to have been suggested by Mr. it, in favor of govern- ment building the Pa Railroad, was adopted; aleo, a resolntion calling on government to protect the fisheries; but not a word was said abont the | Maine Liquor law. Altogether, the Convention is reported to have been a dull Our latest files of Bermuda journals are date! down to the 1th instant. T had, during repeated mectin, amount of legislative bus Ministers Salary bill was committed, the Ship ving Light Duty bill was read a second time, and many } other bills of revenue and police improvement advanced a stage. The Attorney General had i tated a government prosecution against the editor of | the Hamilton Royal Gazetie. Great alarm prevailed at St. Georges ov i yellow fever. halks, and the men of the Fifty-sixth regiment, b suffered mest severely, eighty one j soldjers, and tradeamen—having last five or six days of Angust. ‘aleo announces the death of John W. Jfowden, hay, United States Cops eorges. Mr. Howden was a native of Ohio, mly bea one month engaged in the discharge of his official én\ Intelligence from Santa Fe Me 13th ult. states that the now officials hae arri their posts. The inavguration of Governor M wether was attended by “congregated © and his Ex-ellency delivered a speech whic the “welkin ring.’ Ex-Governor Lane kad } nominated gor Congress. A party, styling the n-ely “tme demoecats,” had put up a Catholic priest Padre Gallegos—in oppositian. A dotacl, f soldiers, under command of General Garlan convie ' the ridge which overlooks the P: | a blank, a desert of sands. | a The obituary list | official reports and journals of Fremont, Kear- ny, Emory, Abert, Cooke, and cthers. The lamented Kearny once remarked to a friend of ours that the whole country between Paso del Norte, along the Gila route, clean through to the hills which overlook the Pacific, along a line of a thousand miles, as far a3 the eye could reach on either hand, was, for agri- cultural purposes, not worth the mules which his division of the army lost in travelling over it. And the Mermons having appropriated all the oases in the Great Basin susceptible of culture by irrigation, what will a Pacific rail- road company do with the public lands on each side of the road there, should it pass by the emigrant route or by Benton’s route? Why, from the official reports of Fremont of his indnstrious explorations of 1844~’5-'6, we should say that a solid body of the public lands of one hundred millions of acres may be measured out in that Basin which would not be worth, w an average, one penny tot purposes. even with th operation through the very heart « Mr. Dix ought to know this; bu! that he does not. We have to cross table Desert of Sahara on a small scale in ilding a Pa Uroad by any route be. d Mexico. And Oreg: venture to say, will prove tot continuous desert for a railway, lavailable r a railroad, from the undance of swamps. 2 districts al south of that | We have no pub are not likely to ha publie money, in a quiet treaty, with Mexico, and a treaty at the end of it. We are therefore disposed to pronounce this idea of building the Pacific Railroad from grants of the public lands all alo: he route an unmitigated humbug. A gin through Arkansas o: ing all the available would, perhaps. be suffi to the Rocky Mountai prodigi in the § y the x but from that point to domes: and rocks, and moun- hardly yet cooled down from the vel- anic fires which have raised them from the sowels © There is he strict ¢ thousand miles—the pub} r the earth. plan within reach, perhaps. in the right of way, with nd & liberal anda b he treasury in the form of an advan pective transportation of me previsions and munitions of war and the navy, and for the carrying of the United States mails, &c. But the project of Mr of building this great road from the eds of the territorial lands ol an aid to private capital wed mines, only known to th ment, ave included—is, in our huni nll moonghine. Private capital, with land grania across the State, at each c al d of the weached their destination. ‘The tenth annual Convention ef the Protestant Episcopal Churoa of the Diecessof Rastern hew York commenced its session in Lic city yesterday. Aa clognent sermor was preached by Rey. Dr. Spav- cer, late Bishop of Madras. Bishope W. McClusky, Spencer, Polk, Otty, Upfold, and Smit ‘were present. The Michigan Methodist Conference wistch was in wersion last week in Detroit adjourned on the 2‘th inst. Amongst the proseedings w tare resola Aions on the subject of slavery, which were adopted, eclaring it to be sinful to hold slaves exzept where the legal relation is retained for the pu 1a cipation, end provlaining the adm addi- tional Savebolding members into the charch to bo attended with so many l eo great evils that efficient means should at once be adopted to pre vent it. Both the Exeeutive and the P Senate of Florida having left the State Allison, Speaker of the House of Represents deen sworn in Governor. Although the yellow fever has abated at Now leans, it still rages at Mobile, Vicksburg, Galveston, Vietoria, Houston, and Indianola, and in the island of Berwada. The disease prevails extensively and severely in Texas, and is particularly fatal to the Gomens., Our “it'zens stil! exhibit that open-handed iiberalily which always distinguished thom in pid of the uflering. road, under a good geners to the task aw, will be equal But we protest against any mis- leading of Cowgress or the public in reference to the howling and horrible deserts of the territories. Weask Mr. Dix to lock into the subject. But Mr. Dix aays of this Pacilic read: 1 ani willing that it should be aided ky liberal donations of the public lands contiguous to it ia the territories through which it will paes”— a.conceasion which, of c , conveys the ‘dea that, these “ liberal donations” will be valuable. Perhaps the Democratic Young Men's Union Club were satisfied with this liberali but it involves a presumption of pablie ignorance to which sve are not willing to aubscribe. These donations” “in itories” will y he good for ing— or, in the common sive phrase of not worth shucks. unterrified, Th they are tions which ean be made that will along the route are not in the but in the States of Missouri and Arkansas, on the east—assuming that the road will pass through one or the other of these States—and ia the State of California, on the west. Our ob Jeet in this important matter is simply to pat a stop to this generalizing clap-trap concerning the public lange in our newly acquired terri- tories, There may be, here and there, an ignoramus elected to the next Congress to whom our suggestions may be valnable in an- ticipation of the general discussion of this Pacific road at the approaching session. We would aleo cal) the attention of all joint stock companies and individuals who contem- plate embarking in this enterprise to the expe- dievcy of a Jittle careful study of the geo- grapby of our newly acyuired territories, as furnithed by the reports of our topographical engineers. trappers, emigrants, and others. It will be practically very usefal. Tue Jerry Rescv¥ AND THE ABOLITION Fa- narics—The following call, which was pub- lithed some time ago in one of the Syracuse papers, and in other abolition organs in the centre of the State, very fully explains the sort of gathering which we may expect to hear from on Saturday next:— JEBRY RESCUE CELEBRATION, AT SYRACUSE OCTOBSH 1, 1853.—SRCOND ANNIVERSARY, The heacres eenveresl ce the Liseey ie the man Je om the bands of kidnappers, at Syracuse, on the first day of October, 1851, will be duly celebrated in this city, on Saturday, the first day of October next. The invitation is “to all lovers of justice and kind- ness throughout the land. That rescue was the most signa! and emphatic vindication of the abso'ute su- promens of law has ever occurred in ts beneficent influence in awakening kind and ge- nia) +y1opathy in man, for his fellow man, enduring wrong unutterable, is beyond human computation. It is a bright star of hope to the oppressed in all the nations of the earth. It isthe key-stone to the song of Universal Freedom. It is an exemplification— worthy of imitation on every on this broad earth—of the glorious American doctrine, that ‘“‘ Re- sistance to tyrants ts obedience to God.” L..Crandal, J. W. Loguen, Thomes G. White, James Fuller, Joseph Savage, Eliza F Ne ‘ Lydia Savage, Committee. These fanatics are evidently ambitious of the horrors of a disturbance of the peace of Syracuse. We trast the people will disappoint them in their desires fora row. They are short of political capital, and this is an expedient to get up the excitement of a street fight. I was understood, a few weeks since, that upon the re- monstrance of the Mayor of Syracuse and other lovers of order that this fanatical jubilee had been abandoned ; but we are now admonished through the paper of Fred Donglass that the affair is certainly to come off on the day ap- pointed, regardless of consequences. Tn connection with this subject,ve clip the following from the Syracuse Star, of the 27th instant. The editor ts referring to the trial of the criminals charged with resisting the law in the foreible rescue of Jerry from the hands of the civil authorities -— These trials commence to-day 2+ Canandaigna. United States Attorney Garvin and Gen. Lawrence, Jete United States Attorney, are to prosecute on bebalf of the government; and John P. Hale and several others wi!) appear as counsel for the defend- auts. Gerrit Smith is advertised to harangue the moititude in the streets of Cananduigua, to-day and to-morrow, against the Fugitive Slave liw and slavery generally, and on behalf of the defence in these trials. Indeed be announces to this effect over his own proper signature, and he passed through our city yesterday on the way to fuldl such an- nouncement. Smith thus casts his defiance in the teeth of the court, his object, perhaps, being to get up a stampede for the rescue of the rescuérs, should the jury convict them. A few days will solve the upshot of his mission to Canandaigua, and ofthe Tom and Jerry celebration at Syracuse. We hope that in both cases the fanatics may be disappointed by the quiet contempt and scorn ofa law-abiding people. But, has W.H. Se- ward lost ground on the higher law, or why is John P. Hale preferred as the counsel for the reseuers of Jerry? Is Hale to supercede Se- ward as the free soil abolition champion of this State? It looks like it. Let Seward look to hia interestz, bis allies, and his laurels, or they are gone, uNGTON Usron aNp Mussrs. Broy- The Washington Union favors us with a commentary upon the late hard shell letters of Mesers. Bronson and O'Conor. In the course of this article the President’s policy ofharmonizing the New York factions by a division of the spoils among them is adverted to, whereupen the Union says:— This policy was frankly and freely declared and acted upon by the President, and it was known to none betier than to Collector Bronson and District Attorney O'Conor. It vas known to them, also, that there was ne State in the Union in which the carry- dag oat of this policy would be more embarrassing than in New They knew more: they knew that the offices of Collector and District Attorney were tendered to them in pursusnce and in furtherance of that distinctive policy which sought to obtain harmo- ny by @ ready recognition of wn obliteration of all post schisms and divisions ip the party. Knowing these things, and seeing how scrupulously conscien- tious these gentlemen now are, we are at a loss to comprebend bow tl ; brought their minds to an en- dirrement of the well-enderstood policy of the ad ministration, by accepting the responsible positions teadered to them. Now, by reference to the telegraphic reports from Washington to the New York press, it will be seen that for some days the acceptance by Messrs.O’Conor and Bronson, of their respective offices, was 2 matter of extreme doubt—yes, ex- treme doubt. Their final acceptance did not involve their consent thus to harmonize with Van Buren and company, but may be explained, we suspect, from their sincere respect, and their sympathy for Genoral Pieree, in his trout Does the Union intend to insinuate that either of these gentlemen obtained his office through deceitful or treacherous repre- We hope n sentations? Democratic Wires, Atrextios.—This evan- ing the Democratic Whig Geteral Commitee will mect at the Broadway House, by order of James Kelly, chairman, What they are going todo we cannot exactly say ; but we suspect that business of great importance in reference to the November election, will taken up for consideration. The democratic whige have now the choice in their hands, either to unite among themselves and ep the State, or to throw the balance of power into the scale of that branch of the re-divided democracy, which they prefer. Everything now depends upon the action of the whigs. Who coukl have dreamed of such a thing last November? But we live in a fast age, and the destiny of parties even for six months into the future have passed beyond the power of party politicians to arrange or to fore- tell. Let the democratic whiga, to-night, take counsel of sound discretion, and act rd- ingly. We must have the question settled—whe- ther the whig party is dead er alive ¢ Tin Consriretion any THe Dioner Law--A Ner ro Crack ror Gernir Surre.—Hon. Gerrit mith, a member elect to the approaching Con- geese. from this State, openly and contemptuous ly derides, spita upon, and repudiates the c i tution of the United States, But as he w required, before he can be admitted to the floor of the House, to give in his adhesion to the con- itution, that occasion will afford us a fair test of his sincerity or his hypocrisy. If he is sin- cere, he will refuse the oath. If he takes it, he isa hypocrite and a philanthropist on false pretences. This isa nut for Gerrit. Will hie trlond Greeley he good enough to crack it for bim? Our Nava Expvorrs on Tue Fisuine Grovwps. Crrs Reroru.—We learn that the City Re- | be completed, the summer tour of travellers will ca: —The gallant officers and crews of our squad- yen detailed te watch over and protect Auseri- can interests on the fishing grounds, must have had warm and exciting work of it all through the summer. Day after day Commodore Shubrick and his officers were called upon to maintain the honor oftheir country, where the champagne artillery was most incessant, and where many dozens— of bottles—went down among the dead men, Their exploits in this field of action were only varied by the occasional transfer of the scene of engagement from the cabins of Jobn Bull’s men-of-war—whenever they went off to watch the fishing grounds—to the saloons of the colonial ports of Halifax, Pictou, or Char- lottetown. And yet, notwithstanding their very arduous services in this way. Yankee fishermen have been found so unreasonable as to grumble at the conduct of the squadron of Commodore Shubrick; and to intimate that their interests were not sufficiently protected by it. The Captain of one schooner recently informed the Newburyport Herald thit he had cruised dili- gently during the whole season on the most noted fishing ground, along the coast of Prince Edwards island, and did not once get sight of a United States armed vessel, although he saw one or more British cruisers every day. Now, what could be more unreasonable than such murmuring? The vessels of Commodore Shubrick’s squadren could not well manage to be in two different places at the same time; and it the Commodore considered that the duties confided to him could be performed as effectu- | ally, and much more pleasantly, in the inter- change of hospitalities with English officers and Colonial municipalities, it was not to be expected that he should be found cruising along the gusty ceast of Prince Edwards Island. The Commodore very naturally preferred the convivial way of doing business; and if the Provincial cruisers did take advantage of his easy going nature, and did molest American fishermen, deprived of the protection they had a right to expect, is it entirely fair to impute all the blame to him? Still, however, the complaints so’ unanimously preferred by our persecuted fishermen as to the inefficiency of the squadron, are entitled toa fair hearing. Let them have it. We think the government showid have @ full investigation made into the matter. For our part ‘we are inclined to he- lieve that American interests might possibly have been better guarded and promoted on the fishing grounds than they were. And we alse are inclined to the opinion that our naval cer- vice might be inestimably more effectual if the command of vessels-and squadrons were alway? entrusted to men possessing some remnant of the fire and energy which youthful blood im- parts, tempered at the same time with the pru- dence to be derived from experience. At all events we think that the country might manage to dispense with the active services of naval commanders more advanced in life than Captain Ingraham. We put the question to Secretary Dobbin :—is it rot 80? Mr. Drx’s Fura. Lenora Gora Lerren.— We published some days ago a short but pithy letter from Mr. Dix to Dr. Garvin, of Georgia, defining his position on the slavery question, and promising an early and a full length en- largement upon the points therein laid down. This full length exposition of his political principles and antecedents we lay before our readers to-day. A copy of this letter has been politely furnished us by Mr. Dix at our request, on the receipt of information by telegraph of its publication in Georgia. We must employ the telegraph to keep pace with the political moye- ments of these days. We submit the letter to the brown study of the hard shells, Having gulped the Baltimore platform, with some ex- ceptions, we presume the soft shells will be de- lighted with this letter of Mr. Dix. It ought to be read through at the breakfast table, and in- wardly digested during the day. But what is the matter at Washington? Why was not Mr. Dix’s small-sized Garvin letter satisfactory there? Ifwe mistake not, it was publi:hed before the nomination of John Y. Mason to France; and if we are not mistaken again, the supposed free soil and abolition opipions of Mr. Dix were the obstacles to the announcement of his appointment months ago. Or was it the fact that Mr. Dix ran as the free soil abolition candidate for Governor ia this State in 1848, in conjunction with that rampant whig abolitionist, Seth M. Gates, that “stuck in the crew” of Governor Marey? We don’t know. Nor are we likely to know from the parties concerned yet awhile. Hereafter we may get at the mystery in the reminiscences of some decayed politician who has had a finger in the pie. For the present, let the curious inquirer into the opinions and political history of Mr. Dix, read this letter. The compromise measures have been working wonders in these latitudes. Who comes next? Tion. R. J. WALKER AND THE Cuina Mission.— One of our special Washington correspondents furnishes, in another column, a detailed history of Mr. Walker’s connection with the China ission. It seems that Mr. W. was entrusted with extraordinary powers. such as the Heratp has always said were requisite to the success of this most important enterprise. To have grant- ed them was evincing, on the part of General Pierce, a creditable boldness. his is a virtue always admirable in the eyes of the people. It was this quality which sustained General Jackson throngh his successful, extraordinary, and brilliant career. Nor was Mr. Walker’s power to treat confined to China, but it extended to Japan and other eastern countries, Our correspondent says that when the written conditions on which Mr. Walker accepted the mission, and his letter of resignation to the President, are published, they will confirm his statements. Undoubtedly, But when will they be published? They constitute a highly inte- resting and important part of the political his- tory of the times, and we should like to see the documents themselves, It seems that Mr. Walker tendered his outfit to the President, together with his resignation. Will the philosophers of the Tridune now find some new geound of attack npon Mr. Walker? They have pursued with singular malignity and virulence the great champion of free trade. But something mnst be forgiven to the infirmi- ties of human nature. It is not surprising that they should show seme gall and wormwapd in the ink which they epread upon one who has done so much to make ridiculous in the eye the people their darling hobby, protection. By the ex-Secretary can stand it all, am much more. Horny Morven iw Tennesaer—A private de spaceh from Somerville, dated the Sth, status that Joha H Hicks, of Haywood county, bad killa bis wife and father 2 law, dy thooting. 6 mmardever escanad, cod it la eovporce Led W ur City. Memphis Lnguiver, Sep form Association is moving. They have hed a | tend to a cruise around Lake Superior; and from La meeting, and fixed upon a plan of organizing | Pointe many will cross over to the Pals of ft. Any in every ward of the city. They intend only to | *Hony, on the Mississippi river; and thus explorery nominate charter and ward officers, but say will find it easy to gain access to remote regions they will keep @ sharp look out at the nomi- nees of the political parties for the Legislature. For Judicial offices, we understand they will support those nominees of the political parties whom they shall deem best qualified, without reference to national or State politics. Those most active in the movement say they cannot and will not be indifferent to the Judiciary, including the District Attorney ; and that Mr. Blunt, the present incumbent of that office, will be pretty sure to get the warm and united sup- port of the reformers. They say that in get- ting their amended charter only half of their work was done. They mean to get good men to carry it out. Tur Case or James Coutier.—The late whig Collector of San Francisco, arrested in Ohio undera charge of certain shortcomings in his accounts with the treasury while in Califor- nia, has put in a plea, through his counsel, against being tried in San Francisco, on the ground that, under the constitution and the laws of the United States, he is entitled to a trialin Ohio. Weshould think it would matter little to Colonel Collier, if his books and returns were perfectly satisfactory, whether the trial was in California or Ohio; but lawyers will dif- fer in such things. And why not? It is all the same to the government in the end. ‘Western Trade and Travel, It-will have been seen from what we stated a week or two ago on this subject, that although the terminus of the Great Western Railroad—extending from the head of Lake Ontario,and connecting at Dunkirk with the Central Michigan Railroad, which has its terminus at Chicago, and the lines from Woodstock and Brant” ford, terminating on Lake Erie—will attract » consi- now seldom visited by white men” ‘The Sault Ste. Marie will also reqnire to be deep* pened; and to secure an uninterrupted y tion with Lake Erie, the obstrastion ‘cased fle 8, Clair Flat must be removed, whish, however, Wd ‘understand, will not be a work of much cost or diffi culty, Talk on ’Onange. Breadstuffs were inactive, and without material change in prices, Only 500 or 600 ba'es cotton were sold, withs out change in quotations. Sales of about 200 ensks of rice were made fer export, at $4 18% 0 $487. The first lot of the new crop of filty carks was received om Tues \' Gay per steamer Marion, which remained unsold. Tha. ateck of the old crop on hend was mueh larger than at) the same time for several years past; estimated by song partion as bigh as 5,500 cashs. It was suggested that the sa’est plan for the modifig- tion of the tariff weuld be to reduce the present amount of 30 per cemt ad valorem duty to 20 per cent, whieh would bring it to a minimum fixed duty of about 21 per eomt om the articles imported. Ihe exyediency of adding com. missions, freights, &c., to the ocat of goods im @ foreiga market, and then assessing the duty on the sum tetal, doubted. The duties levied on freights and charges, in connection with many kinds of goods, brought the duties up to about 33 per cent ad valorem, instead of 30) per cent. Hence by retaining this feature of the law, were the duties reduced to 21 per cent ad valorem, they would in reality pay from twenty-two to twenty-four per cent,’ which in most cases it was believed would afford all needful protection to American imiereste. Thisiview of the subject did not express the opivions ofall merchants; some believed that the rates of dutics should be levied with greater discriminatien than now existed, with the object of affording greater incidental protection to Amer- joan produce and manufactures Articles extensively used in manufactories which conld not be predueed in this country, such as gutta percha, many kinds of dy@ atuifs, &e., they wished to see added to the free list, A liberal and sourd reciprocity trade with Canada weuld be desirable. There were many strong arguments in favor of the measure, while no serious objections eould bé urged agvinet it. ‘The success which had attended the establishment of, derable portion of the trade through the State of New | horse car railroads in New York, hed excited the attens York; yet other competing lines and the Welland | tien of citizens of other cities, A cent.eman residing im canal must evidently divert the remainder throngh | Brooklyn wasa strong sdvocate for their being built Lake Ontario, and down the St. Lawrence, either to | in that city. Their construction throngh the prin- Ogdensburg or Montreal, and, to come extent, by | cipal streets of the town bad been authorized,’ that route to the ocean. ‘The entimates were to be submitted, and the privilege Although the Canadian government have wisely | [F building and ronning them to be obtained by Heemse; withdrawn their threat of closing the Welland canal |! other werds, it was contempia'ed that, when the reada against American vessels, yet they have relieved all | Ye? Petey eaenice a“ es bes poser Secaphelbrod m. city, mm had also flour, wheat and salt, from the payment of tolls on propriety of autherizing the eonstruotion of city rail: the St. Lawrence and Chambly canals, when they | poaas, ‘Washington ,and other cities would Mkaly ‘adopt have been already paid on the Welland. They have them, until, finally, ne large city would be without them. also entered into a contract for running a line of steamers between Quebec and Liverpool, which ex: tend their trips to Montreal during the summer months, andto Portland in the winter; and from the passages these vessels have made there cannot be a doubt that before long a superior class of steam- ers will be employed, which will make the voyage, calling at Newfoundland, in ten days. The attention of the people of Upper Canada, who have been incessant in their applications tor recipro- city, wjth the view of receiving their imports and making their shipments to Europe through the United States, is being turned to the route by the St. Lawrence, and a vessel has recently been built on Lake Ontario, and there loaded for England, with yery satisfactory results, ‘‘ The imports inland,” says Mr. Andrews, in his able report, laid be- fore Congress during the last session, “ have of late increased inte Canada by the route of the United States, but of exports by the St. Lawrence.” Daring the present year, however, the imports ap- pear to have increased materially, the receipts at the cuztom house of Montreal during last April Lay- ing risen from $186,876, in 1852, to $325,268. The construction of a ship canal at Caughnawau- ga, nine miles above Montreal, was brought under the notice of the Canadian Legislature, daring the last session, by the Hon. Mr. Young, an en- terprising merchant of that city ; and although not discountenanced by the provincial gov- ernment, was met by the expression of a desire to enter into an arrangement with that of the State of New York, which might be opposed to the enlargement of the canal between Whitehall and Troy lest it should conflict with the Erie canal; and it was intimated that, could no satis- factory arrangement be made with reference to the former, the construction of the proposed ship canal would be inoperative. We are not aware that anything was done to ascer- tain the views of our State government on the sub- ject, but we are confident that the adop;ion of an en- larged and enlightened policy is the only course that should be pursued. This is not the age for mo napoly, and even if the enlargement of the White- hall canal should have an injurious effect upon the Erie, yet its adoption should be devided upon. To our mind there is no such danger. The rapidly in- creasing population of the Western States, and the vast amount of agricultural produce which must find its way to she seaboard through that channel, will always furnish sufficient employment for the Exie canal; and the opening of another in the lo- cality indicated is essential to enable our mer*hants to compete with the Ogdensburg Railroad. Lake Champlain is at present connected with the St. Lawrence by means of the Chambly canal, at the month of the Sorel or Richelien river, forty-five eS eis Go} miles below Montreal, through which a large amount of lumber is annually imported. What is required is @ means of communication above Montreal, by which the flour and wheat of the Western country, and the lumber of the Ottawa, may be brought to our mar- ket, and the propellers of Chicago will be enabled to discharge their cargoes on the wharves of New York. The effect of such a canal as has been proposed at Caughnawanga would be to direct a vast amount of trade from Montreal to this city. This has a’ ready been perceived, and consequently an effort will be made to substitute the enlargement of the Chambly canal for the opening of the other; and in any ar- rangement that may be made betieon the govern- ments, the locality of Caughnawauga should be made a sine qua non, as it cannot be expected that ves- sels would proceed throngh the Lachine canal, aad upwards of forty miles below Montreal, and then ascend the Chambly, which would also require to be enlarged, for the purpose of ente: Lake Cham- plain. There cannot be a doubt, however, that if the proposition meets with a favorable reception on the part of the anthorities of the State of New York, the work will be promptly undertaken and com- pleted, the entire cost of which, it is estimated, weuld not exceed from fifteen hundred thousand to two millions of dollars. With reference to the caval at Lake Snperior, which when finished wil! open up the most splendid line of inland water communication in the world, it is to be regretted that the Canadian government have hitherto opposed every effort on the part of indiyi- duals,and have done nothing themselves, to con- struct a canal on the British side, which seems to have been intended by nature for that purpose, the distanze being shorter there than on the Ameri can side, anda deep and well sheltered cove, pro tecting any works in that direction from fboiag obstrveted by the drift ice, and rendering ingress and egress free from those whirlpools and currents which will have to be guarded against by piers and breakwaters where the ¢ 1 is about to be located. “One of t acles to the construction no of @ canal ar of the Sault § | Marie,” says Dr. Jackson, “will be fonnd in ter's ice, against whivsh the locks at the entrance must be gua t the work, however strong, will | he overturned and destroyed. The can carried owt into the water a distance of hall a mile, and the form of the ice-breakers, guards or mole, must be such as to allow the ice to rive over them, and not to press against the perpendicular walls, which is to be done by givine them a proper slope that the ice will ride up them, and break into picver,’ "Ro soon pe this eanal,” be adde, “shall or level, 8¢ A gentleman had received a letter from a friend re: siding at Loudon, East Temmessee which stated that great fever wes prevailing in that -ection of the country, It was the copger fever, equal to the beat days of the Lake Superier fever. @ Clarence Faking House was te go into ae on the $d October, (Monday rext) and the of America been selected as the institution for the apecie deposits of the manager. Marine Affolrs, Tae New SreaMsniP GoLpEen AGe, Captain Porter, left her dock ‘at two o’clock yesterdsy for Australia, vig Liverpool, with 161 passengers. She was at anchor at Quarantine in the evening. ‘Loss OF THE BRIG ALBEMARLE AND E1cut Lives.-~The brig - Tornado, McCarthy, which arrived at Bermudaen the 12th inst. frem Baltimore, picked up on the 8th inst, in Ist, 35 20, lon 73, & sesman named William Bradley, ficating on the hatch of vessel, who reported himeelf as the only survivor of the craw of the American brig Albemarle, Captain Curry, which sailed from Norfolk ov ‘tae 4th inet. for the West Indies, with a cargo ef staves. The unfortunate verse] was 8 rrieane the night of the Ti, abe all on beer d ecaraung af Ospe, Curry. two mates, s cook, ard five + were ne the one to provicentisily “saved by ‘the Tor? nado. ‘Tue New STEAMSHIP AwERICA wl make one or two trips to Aspinwall, in the Indepesdenr Oyposition line (con- necting with the Uncle Sam at P.nama), previous to her fval departure for the Pacific when sbip Yankee Blade will teke ber pisces on keep up Americs will start on her first trio the 20th proximo. the line, and The Tart. CENTREVILLE cuUiee, 4. 1—TROTTING. Wepnvspay, Sept. 28.—Maich sad purse, $450, mle, heata, best three in five. C, Carll named ch, m, Miller's Dameel, (10 ++, Fee’d forfeit, #8) paid forfeit, Same Day.—Match, $200, mile heats bast three in five, to wae Jan, Whelpley nawed ch. stallion William Tell, 1 F. J. Nodine named ch, stallion Yiu eg Atdallah, 2 ‘Time, 2:54—3:00—2:59, The stallion trot was a poor #isir~all om one side. William Teil tock the lead at the start oa each heat, and was never besded in the raca In the seeond heat, Whelpley tcok the outside on the homestretch, but crossed in coming to the core The jndges at first were for Cisisueicg nim, bu’ atieresr6y thooght 1t would be too severe @ punishment, nnd jet‘ omss, alihongh pum- here of other drivers heve previour'y ;aid dearly fora hke infringement of the toting rules “There were few persors at the track, tho lowsing state of weather no doubt deterig rumoers from att wh» would otherwive bave been there. The trot at the Union Course to-d.y will be well worth witnessing. ee 23 ——$$—$$_$____ “Wersonat Intestence. Prince Panui William, of Wircemoarg, was at Monte- video at the lest sdvices He had spent several months in scientific explpration: of the Piats wai Uraguay rivera, It was bis intention te leare shortly for Valparalao, and thence for the United Stater. ARRIVALS. From Carthegens, in wark 1 dependent Jacob Moser, . Joseph Hervandez, lady and two nzales, Domrgo Guitera, DPARTUKES. For Viverpool and Autralis in the steamsbt Ane—@ Golden Edasco coroner, Wm ‘arieh, © ‘Austin Abbotts, «le ani lad reeneall, & « boestomen, & P Co Ls itt wists ano® allie, GF wb Bri ten J, n EA fre smaverd chile. JP mackl- com Hise M n, Mri Auu Tomt K and & Mackelesn, J Donald and lady, Orio Melt. and-ew bombs, JR Onltorte, John Sidewsy, &°B Ineicy Th mus Home, Franels MeBean, Mrs Monargue, M Monerzie Miso’ Mary. Monargue, JH Monar ue, James Smith, Ho ert Horris,” Win Lawars Nobert Lavies. J » J Sackini, P Pala, Wa hennety, J L por Lotro, P Rump, C Ches mull sedrew Jno Sobulza ¥% Donnelly, P Machall, G P Mckee, John Phillips, Babler, V acecti, John Masher, Joba dcowm, J Wilt Brown end daughter A hing James Rogers A Ay; i Peary, JGasse ry, M Dopnollan, nor, James mee Smarteld J Lenbardt, Jos Bot: a spd lady, Wits Q Greigion, W A Raid Forsyth. J 4 Quinn and lady M Kennedy. P 1004, J Sacunsler, J Masgenback W Util, Joh J Muihoilend, Jobn’ Wi Ingham, J 8ay, © Wiem ef Jeon Mimphy, J tb verge n 8 a Bean Low Lulors, James Mea, Worpeth aud 1ady, U Crawford, lady and tvo ohtdr ‘ohn MO Conner, J Nene, hilom Mekin W: R Lawaon, Nee 1 Misy MoGugn M ten, J Mu : J isre Mrs Wr B Hs Wn Gute ne Durjeseana tne de urgers and lady, iH © Hind » Mars elle, Chriatoperson John Taylo Houghton. MoMurray, samuel Woieple W , Harvey T tary Dodé, darriet a Buveck, Ke¥ Thot K buchec, Rev Harvey in the steamshi therner—Maj BD. Herict, BG A Mise Herirt, Dr J 6 Patrick, Mes Ly mon, Mrs Dr Hamilton, M Herbert end daughter D Hatha- Wey. L Dathawny, Hi Treat, GW btiryou, Insaco Da Vega, Mid'G Da Vern Mise 3 Da Vegn, J_M Dospia A Moroso, C Boarck, & M Sell, ¥ % Myrhman Thos darts, LW Paul TH P Mies Mir M & Pi ww han Young, 1, Miss S Buddingvon. FE Neluom, John 1 W) aloy WM Tigh no je'non, Jol ales tan and Be, Yrs Arnie A bamtitom Mrs Peron, aw he end Indy, Mise M Wrist, J Vonderh- rst, Thos Berthody, FW Trask, Mrs ke A Nels 3 Malooc, Mr JH Tucker yd Indy, iss P. Weston Hi tucker, Miss A Tacker, yon, AB WeDovnot! © Bloat and re a9 liner, Jno Berry Tue Indy ¢ ‘Thos hore, 1 Howell, mre Lieroo, Mr Gonanies aed fiieod « L David, A Vile W Kising, The Thieme JP oke! ner DB end Mort: JP Sirs 4 Horry, N Bremer ord. 1 hammond, W Gra ¥ tc telligence, Ou. Fase bout ria ts i aks 61d Nol red to he on fire aad im eonse- 1 ble netue of the materials, was « a the vents, consisting of 9 +e. (ho Gee origionted from rs 000 Mr Patric Fa ley, who pin seriog tome of toe materials feom ae revere y burned aboot che arms and » rasideuoe near by, ation Sale of that Splendid property ae Upper Morrismnia, igh snlc oF Monday Inst and embracin Wi] take place on the ground om Cotober, at 1 3 prominent objec and certsinly this property is h IL around, ‘The streets tho moat at- traotive for ville resid. noes of any that alo The sale of Monday leat hows co held ip high extimacion by one citimns Cay of eal be bad of a. Wo, 40 Wall street, of of J, © mew steam- » the connection with to» Uncle fam.’ The * rahe