The New York Herald Newspaper, September 20, 1853, Page 4

JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PRUPRIETOR AND EDITOR. eee QUTIOR H.W. CORNES OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS- ARAN 18 caer wn advance. 'Y HERALD ° cents per ‘31 per awnum. Cee UP RALD cosry Saturday. at per copy or! per annum the European toany mee), Great - POTN TARY. CORRESPONDENCE containing impor- tent rcs solicited from any quarter of the world; if used will be liberally pitt for Gun Porgios Conuxsrox Senre ans PARTICULARLY REQUESTED TO SEAL ALL Lar- ==, app eaaesone ser we. : ae eS PERS by mail fe swith LET mail for or af 4 atninh to be post paid. or the postage will be deducte from MOE PIINTING ceecuted with neatnens, “cheapness, and IR TISEMENTS renewed every dav. A i Weiume XVUL.... .. Ma, 908 ‘AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, QASTLE GARDEN—Jursses's Concenss, RY THEATRE, Bowory—Huxcimack—Vrwrrtay. tes pay Sih eell : BROADWAY THEATRE Broadway—Riciittimu —To Panis axv Back vor Five Pounns. WIBLO’S. Broasdway—Biorement—Meviva. BURTON’S THEATRE, Chambers street—A Curr ror wus Heanracur—Toopies. MATIONAL THEATRE, Costham street—Unore Tom’s Cann. WALLACK’S THEATRE Rrosdway- Two v4% Pray ar wuar Gawr—JenKixses—RExter’ ‘CAN MUSEUM—atternoon—Boon CurLpaex— Peper Watt, Byening~ Huxcupack, MADISON AVENUR—Afternoon and Evening—Faas- womr’s OoLossar Hipropaome, AMERICAN OPERA HOUSS, 472 Brond- way—Erwortas Meiov! Cunisty’s Orcra Taoure Woon’s * INSTRELS, way —Rrwiorian MinerR eis @WUCKLEY’S OPERA HOUSE, 539 Brosdway—Bucx- war's Erwiorius Orera TRovure. 'é Musical Hail, 444 Brosd- @BORAMA, 506 Broadway—Panonama oF THE HoLy ann. SOPE CRAPEL, 718 Broadway—Franwensrern’s Pa- womama oF NiAGAna. ACADEMY HALL, 063 Broadway—Ascent or Mont Baano. RAHBNISH GALLERY, 663 Broadway—Day and Evonizg. BIGNOR BLITZ—Srvvvesasr IxstituTs. GHINESE ROOMS—Seven Mite MiRwOR'PANOR AMA. @EDGWICK’S APOLLONICON CONCERTS—Hope Drapel. = a New York, Tuesday, September 20, 1653. OO Males for Europe. YER NEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. ‘Mao roya} mail steamship Asia, Captain Lott, will leave {Gis port at noon to-morrow, for Liverpool. Subscriptions and advertisements for avy edition ef the (New Yorx Hzratp will be received at the follewing pines in Kurope -— Lavsrroot—John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street. Lowpox—Edwards, Sandford & Co., Cornhill. bad ‘Wm. Thomas &Co., No. 19 Catherine street. Pars—Livingston, Wells & Co., Rue de la Bourse. " 8B. H. Revoil, No. 17 Rue de ls Banque. ‘Bee European mails will close at half-past ten o’clock im the morning. ‘Yee Waxxiy Henatp will be published at half-past nine @doek to-morrow morning. Single eopies, in wrappers, stxpunce. Mails for the Peelfic. HE NEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. ‘The United States mail steamship Illinois, Captain Hart- steme, will leave this port this afternoon, at two o'clock, fer Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific, will close at one o’clock. ‘Tho New Yous Waens Bana, veurorms euron, cvu- aiming the loves: intell'gence from all parts of the world, ‘wil be published at ten o’elock this morning. ingle copies sixpence. Agents will please send in ‘their orders as early as possible. The News. A glance at the contents of our pages to-day will fend to convince even the most skeptical that the general business of the city was never in a more ‘Prosperous condition. The extraordinary overflow -ef advertisements denote the unflagging activity of eur people, who have learned by experience the un- garpassable method of making kndwn theirwishes @brough the columns of a newspaper. The commer- cial reporta inform us that there are now nearly Awentytwo million dollars in specie inthe banks ‘and subtreasury of the city; yet there is little ‘er no idle capita) either in or out of the banks— every dollar 1s brought into requisition in some way. ‘The. commercia} houses are all busily engaged in re- ceiving abd shipping goods ; the railroad and steam- boat lines running from this point are overburdeaed ‘with passengers and freight ; mechanics and labor- ers bave fully as much work as they can attend to ; the various places of amusement are crowded night- ly; our city is unusually healthy, and scarcely a face can be met that is not wreathed in smiles. Under these circumstances, who will say that we have not cause for being most thankful for the blessings showered upon us? A despatch from Washington asserts that Gen. Dix will not go to France. The cabinet, it is under- stood, were yesterday engaged in discussing the merits of Mr. Mason in connection with that mission. We regret to learn that two cases of the yellow fever terminated fatally in Philadelphia last week. It is also reported that the Iread of the disease is 30 great that the proprietor of a lead pipe manufactory im South street has been compelled to close his establishment tor want of workmen. Fortunately the frosts which have lately’ prevailed in, this neigh- borhood have dispelled the apprehensions of even the most nervous that the scourge would gain a footing in this city. ‘The total increase of the canal tolls of this State ‘over thoee of last year at this date is $47,224. A most gloomy picture of the state of affairs on ‘he Island of Cuba is presented in the letters from Havana, published on another page. An epidemic Of a choleric nature, assisted by the pernicious fever, was sweeping off sailors, soldiers, negroes and others, with frightful rapidity. Some estates, num- bering frem two to three hundred slaves, had been 0 reduced in the. space of a week that there were gcarcely men enough left to bury the dead. The kide apping of the Yucatan Indians, and taking of them to Havana to be sold as slaves, was exciting consid- erable atteption. The Mexican Consul having repre- fented this ontrage to the Captain General in the strongest language, some sixty of the Indians were Drought before the latter functionary for examination 0 the 2d instant. Specie! attention is directed to the eomplimentary etter addressed by Lieut. Generals Me-zaros and Vetter, and over one hundred other exiles from Hun gary, to Commander Ingraham. Also to the letter from Gen. Meszaros to the public. These documents are exceedingly interesting, and eloquently set forth the noble sentiments e ained by the Hungarians now in New York. » Hon. Thos. Corwin has bsen engaged ns counsel for Kiseane, one of the great Western forgers, K., with his associate Findley, yesterday lett Cincinnat in irons for Lebanon, where the new trial is to con mence to dey. Two men were killed by a collision®*bet veen two trains ov the Straight Line Railroad list Sanday afternoon. This is the third accident of the kind that has taken place in this State since last Thurs dey morning, and in each instance two lives were sacrificed, and severnl persons badly injared. Our merine news contia show dilly additions to the s¢ eyaent on the hurricane which awept the Atlantic on the 7th and Sth instants. Ite deventating course seems to have heen confined, or re di asters cor most severe, within the parallels of thirty-three and | territory—if ever people have subdued the thirty-six north latitude. The Gulf Stream ia strewed with wrecks. Several vessels have beeo already reported abandoned, and a great many have been obliged to make the nearest port to repair, bearing awful evidence of the severity of the gale. We fear the worst news is yet to come, as it is hardly possible that so much valuable property could have been lost— evidenced by the melancholy wrecks continually met with by passing vessels—without a great saoritice of many valuabie lives. The Judges of the Marine Court, have, under the act of 1853, appointed the times for holding general terms for arguments and special terms, for the trial of issues of fact, and designated the Judges to hold the same. The programme is published in another part of this day's Heratp. The increase of business in this court renders it necessary that 2 jury must be in attendance every day, and two judges will try jury causes daily each term until the calendar is dis- posed of, One Judge will attend to chamber busi- ness. Judge McCarthy commence! :trying causes yesterday in the new court room, City Hall, and the whole business of the Marine Court will be transacted “there as soon as the rooms are farnished, which will be about the first of October. Judge Pbittips was élected by his associates (McCarthy Thompson) as presiding justice of this Cour fr the next two years. Owing to some miséske in the summoning of grand and petit jurors. ¢0 jurymen were in attendance on the of the Courtof Oyer and Terminer yes- terday morning. In reply to a question by the Jadge as to how many capital cases were ready, the Dis trict Attorney announced that there were certainly four, and probably there may be seven. The Aldermen despatched a large amognt, of busi- ness last evening, and adjourned to meet again. this, afternoon. "Several petitions of, public importance “were presented—one from the owners of “the Grand street line of stages, offering to construct a railway from the foot of Grand street, through Grand street, the Bowery, Broome, Canal, and other, streets, ex- tending to the Hoboken ferry, and carry passengers for three cents. Another from Elijah H, Purdy, for privilege of building a railroad through Seventh avenue, commencing at Forty-second street, and terminating atthe South ferry, at a fare of five cents. A communication was received from the Sheriff describing the miserable condition of the Eldridge street prison, and stating that the, citizens residing in that vicinity had complained’ of it as a nuisance. The ordinance to reorganize the election “distiicts of the Seventeenth ward wag adopted. Al- derman Sturtevant gave notice that he would call up the report to establish a new ferry from the foot of Chambers sfreet, this city, to Pavonia avenue, New Jersey, from the tableat this eveniog’s meeting. Chief Engineer Carson sentin a communication in- forming the Board that the City Hall bell was bro- ken on Thuraday, the 15th inst., whilst being sounded doring an alarm for fire, and calling their attention to the necessity of providing a new one. The Board will probably finish the business of the session this evening. The cricket match between the New York and Newark clubs was brought toa close yesterday upon the grounds of the former—Foxhill, Hoboken—and ended in the complete triumph of the former, as will be seen by the detailed result published elsewhere. Young America and Oid Earope—Tremen- dous Strides—Clear the Track! The power of nations is properly divided into three parts—geograpbical, physical, and moral, The Russian dominions embrace over four million of square miles; Great Britain about thirty-four thousand; Austria. including Hun- gary and Italy. three hundred thousand ; France less than two hundred thousand; the United States something over three million and a quarter. Territory itself is simply a basis for the developement of physical and moral power, This is made manifest by the position of Eng- lend in the family of na Wak plyainol and moral strength sufficient. it may be said, to give the law to Europe, her geographical sta- ture, compared with Russia, stands as one to one hundred and twenty; to Austria-as-one to nine: ‘to France as one to five end a half; ‘to the Unifed States as one to ninety-six. In this view, the actual condition of the people of a country would seem to embrace all that is necessary to understand their real strength and resources, while their territory, greater or less, serves only as a basis upon and by the aid of which to expend their. moral and physical powers. That England has developed all her resources in connection with her geographical limits, and has reached well towards ‘the end of her physical and moral power, is quite apparent. She can sit down. like Burke, and almost exultantly exclaim, “I have had my day and run my race—whether for good or evil let the world judge.” She has occupied the highest seats of learning and philosophy. Her jndicial records—that centre ofequality of every people—atiest at once the grandeur of her poli- tical system and its power to protect the weak against the encroachments of the strong. In other points of her-administrative practice she has been equally successful. England, whose government rests upon Asiatic principle—the essential doctrines of immobil $ never- theless been the avant courier of civilization, and the willing or unwilling patron of social and political reforms. She now stands, in the expressive language of the day, the break- water to meet and dash back the angry waves of Eastern despofism- And this, be it remom- bered, is effected by the superior developement of her physical and moral power—that power which now constitutes, whatever may lie said, the true arbiter of nations, presideé over, coun- selled and directed. by the spirit of freedom, No man acquainted with European history will deny that England is indebted for her strength mainly, if not wholly, to the admirable industry, economy and enterprise, of her labor- ing interests. They have elevated her power, and strengthened her just influence with all nations, by the only certain and reliable means ever placed at the disposal of a people to effect such an end. Each truth elicited by such means hawbeen an interpreter of the next, and so on to the end of her capacity to re- ceive. Now, let us recur to the condition of the United States, and review for a moment the elements of our own strength. England moved slowly in her work, oftentimes erroneously ; but her direction has ever been towards free- dom and ever under tho guidance of commerce which is aptry represented as the language of agricultural and mechanical production. Historians and philosophers have sought to trace out the analogy between the climate and scenery and the peculiar character and disposi- tion of r r Physical geography has thus been seized upon as an index of the mor dition of mankind abstract princi; this kind hes lar determined the pul sentiment of the world in r nee to the liar condition aad character of the peop the United States. Europeans, and even Enz- hinen, have se ne ein wild phe nomena of the American Continent a type of inhabitants. In our mountaina, v pieree cloud from their sammits th ‘venta that sweep the plains bel mblem repr the and bear they @ aentix apparent that if ove ndepenlent and master of the physical configuration of its an por nation wa forest, and, by the application of industry, levelled the mountain to the plain, or elevated the plain to the mountain—t is ours.gThrough our vast territory, in the valley of the St. Law- rence and in the basin of the great lakes. over almost endless prairieg and more extended moun- tains, through cultivated fields and unbroken forests, the spirit of enterprise holds its coun~ cils and asserts its dominion. and there are none to disturb the one or question the other. Indeed, in the history of voluntary Jabor there is no monument of industry and skill equal or at all comparable to the system of rail- roads and steamboats by which every section of the United States is traversed. They are not, more wondertul for their extent than for the’ evidence they give of the far-seeing, bold, and indomitable character of the men upon whom fortune has layished the means of their con- structioe. All this, be it recollected, is the re- sult of unmitigated enterprise—of a naked, pri- mitive spirit, whose energies have trampled under foot the cautious and vaeillating coun- cils of capital, turned away from the allure- ments of the city, from the ease and luxury of wealth. and carried into every part of the land a tireless and never-ending industry. Not because capital had accumulated and must find mediums of‘employment; not because population had concentrated and offered high rewards to those who would open avenues of commerce and travel; nor yet because success- ful example was before us with certified divi- “dends and magnified profits—not to these are “we indebted for the gigantic system of railroads and steam navigation which have been extended over us like a net, drawing us into common interests and sympathies, and unfolding therein a common destiny. The whole work is ori- ginal, daring and successful ; and constitutes at once the heart of our commercial triumphs and the arterial’ blood of our physical developement. These great works have dis- tinct bearings upon our commercial, federal and international relations. The first is obvious in its daily fruits, gathered from every section of our extended territory. The motion of the feder- al machine has been quickenéd by thee sy and rapid means of communication which it assures. Distant parts,, with imaginary conflicts of interest, have been drawn together-and harmo- nized. Sectional jealousies and local snimosi- ities, fermented into elements of national dis- cord, have been allayed by its peaceful minis- trations; the productions of various climates and soils have been secured to all; the imple- ments of education have been multiplied; the press has been extended, and a broader and more liberal opinion formed. Time and space have been annihilated, leaving capital to triple its usual offices ; the diameter and the circum- ference of the political circle have been drawn within the scope of the popular vision and un- derstanding. All this is the developement of the physical and moral power of the nation, and in it is found the fulfilment of the prophetic in- junction, “They shall beat their swords into ploughshares and their spears into pruning- hooks.” These triumphs enter into the moral and physical constitution of the republic, and largely modify, and indeed wholly change, the force of its geographical congurations. Never before was such a country subdued—néver be- fore has individual enterprise accomplished such a work—never before was a nation so strengthened and fortified by the peaceful la- hors of commerce. Physical power depends, of conrse. on the facility with which largo batier of men may be moved from place toplace. For- tifications serve only to interpose a temporary check upon an invading foe, thus enabling the assailed party to concentrate means of defence. In the latter view the United States have ex- pended large sums of money in the construction of such defensive works. Private enterprise, in aid of commerce, and without a thought of the gigantic war instru- ment it was making, has expended much more; yes, and this peaceful instrament of in- | dustry constitutes to-day in the United States a more available, useful, and efficient means of defence against invasion—possesses more posi. tive power, more aggressive and reliable strength, than the combined works of the war and navy departments. The whole Fesources of the United States, in men and things, are by it placed at once within the power of the gov- ernment. The means of maritime construction, commissary, machinery. men, no matter where found, where in operation, where employed, by the magic power of the present railroad and steam navigation enterprises of the country. are at all times available. Where now are our military roads? Where our system of internal improvements by the government? Where our fortifications? Where the army? Where the navy? And where, too,are the govern- ments of the Old World? and where are they bound ? OrrictaL CorRESPONDENCE ON THE CUBA Question.—We have received a “pub. doc.” from London, bearing the following title :-— “Correspondence between the United States, Spain and France, concerning the Alleged Pro- ject of Conquest and Annexation of the Island of Cuba. Presented to.the Honse of Commons, by command of Her Majesty, the Queen, in pursuance of their Address of April 11, 1853,” This document embraces the official correspond- ence between the United States and Spain, from 1822 down to the tripartite correspond- ence between the governments of England and France onthe one part, and of our own on the other part. The mass of the letters emboilied in this pamphlet have already been published in the Huratp; but there are certain English, Spanish, and French explanatory notes, in this parliamentary compilation. which will be new to out readers, and which are interesting and valuable, as throwing a little more light on the apprehensions and the policy of England and France in regard to the United States and the doctrine of * manifest destiny.” En passant. We presume that the printing of our congressional documents costs tauch more than the printing of the British House of Commons. Yet if the Committee on Public Printing of the House of Representatives were to take # look at this parliamentary pamphlet before us they would readily, by contrast, find c) out that the best specimens of our Congress printing are disgrace‘ul—that the paper is shockingly bad—that the ink is bad—that the types are none of the best, aud that the press work is loose and shabby. In fact, as com- pared with the printing of our State Legisla- ture, that of Congress is positively shocking. notwithstanding its expense to the treasury of from two to three bandred thousand dollars At the approaching session we shall expect in this matter something pra in the way of retrenchment aad reform, Congress printing hae been a sop for Cor long enough. per annum, a SBS ST SS NE SSS ET a LEE M2cusion of the Lon aon fimesana Sew York Herald from «le Spanish Dominions. The government of Spain have done the London Times tae honor of excluding it from the Spanish daminions by a royal decree. A similar compliment was paid some time ago to the New York Heratp by tle Captain-General of the most important of Spain’s colonial pos- sessions—the island of Cuba. At the present moment Spanish subjects residing at Havana can neither read the Times nor the Heratp. If they desire news from Great Britain or the United States they must content themselves with journals whose limited circulation places them in the second rank in their own country ; they must rely for correct intelligence on one of two classes of newspapers—those which dare not ceneure tyranny, dishonesty and the slave trade, or those whose censure is not worth fearing. It does not suit the temper of the Spanish government to tolerate the presence of any others. So far as we are concerned, we.need not tell our subscribers that we have endared Spanish proscription with tolerable philosophy. Neither the interests nor the political course of the Heravp have been affected in any perceptible degree by its exclusion from Cuba, The event was, in tact, as our London co-exile properly remarks; the very best evidence that could be obtained of the justness of our past policy, and of the unflinching severity with which we as- sailed the blunders and the follies of the Cap- tain-General. Had the charges we fastened upon him been less true he could have afforded >to allow them to circulate. Had Spanish rule been rooted in the affections of the people he need not have apprehended danger from the censure of a journal whose opinions would be obviously received with caution by the Creoles. It was their palpable truth which constituted the sting of our accusations. It was the rotten- ness of the edifice we attacked which rendered our invectives so formidable. Hence the pru- dent resolve’ of Canedo to postpone the evil day by concealing our disclosures from his subjects, and to screen himself from merited obloquy by stifling discussion and closing the ports of the island to disinterested observers. “We repeat, so far as ou» own interests were concerned, we viewed the measure by which the Heratp was excluded with as much indifference as the London Times treats its royal decree. But when we turn to the peo- ple of Cuba and of Spain it is impossible to regard these acts with apathy. It is asking too much of the civilized world to expect ¢hem to entertain feelings of friendship for a govern- ment which thus debars its subjects of the lead- ing journals of the two most intelligent coun- tries on the globe. We have spared Spain much that might have been said on the cruel operation ot her protective tariff, and the famine that law sofrequently occasions on the island of Cuba. But when we find that not only the material but the intellectual necessaries of life are forbid- den fruit to the Creoles, it is time to inquire how we can justify to our conscience any semblance of amity, or any show of countenance, to a power which sustains itself by such intolerable acts. Common usage has licensed, in a mea: sure, the exaggeration and duplicity usually found in diplomatic messages; but even these have a limit, beyond which the national credit must not be pledged. We can afford to smile at the innocuous falsehoods which pass between our Mexican Minister and the Dictator; but can we, consistently with any feeling of honor, folgn ocuttmcuts or regurd for a power which. by royal edict, shuts out from its dominions the leading exponents of independent public opigion in the world? PS } In one sense we hail the Times’ decree with satisfaction. The attacks which provoked it are familiar to most of our readers; aud they are well aware that its only fault was to have spoken the truth fearlessly. Its punishment is invalu- able evidence of the guiding rule of the Span- ish government ; and we trust we may appeal to the fact as affording a tolerably strong pre- sumption that our offence, which was visited with like penalty, was of.a similar nature. Like the Times, we had, in fact, spoken the truth ; and that truth was not palatable to the Spanish authorities. As it from Spain, we have been excluded from Cuba, in the miserable hope that the victims of Spanish tyranny would for- get their degradation when they were no lon- ger reminded of it from abroad. To succeed in such a task, the Spanish autho- rities will need to do something more than ex- pelthe Times and the Hrratp from their shores. They will require first to cease kidnapping ne- groes on the African coast and sell them on the Cuban plantations. They will need to em- ploy a Captain-General who will not sell his soul for gold, and get rid of a Queen Mother who cannot, restrain her ardor for dealing in negroes. They will be compelled to attempt some show of honesty in their national dealings, and try to pay some portion of the interest on their debts. They will be obliged to tolerate some semblance of free discussion at home, and to restrain their natnral tendency to'imprison independent writers and break their presses, They will find themselves under the necessity of abolishing a few of the tyrannical rules of their despotic government, and give some sha- dow of probability to their promises of popular liberty. In fine, they will need to let the world see that Spain and her colonies are not govern- ed for the exclusive behoof and benefit of the Queen Mother, but that the Spanish and Cuban people are also slightly cared for in the ar- rangement. When these various changes are effected the aim of the government in exclud- ing independent journals will be nearly attain- ed. When it is, there will remain no grounds for objecting to the free circulation of the Lon- don Times and the New York Heravp through. out the Spanish dominions. Heratv an interesting letter trom an intelli- gent and oxperienced officer in the United States navy. The,writer calls the attention of the ruling powers to certain abuses which now exist in the service, and points out certain wise means by which its present condition can be materially improved. All the “old salts,’ officers and men, complain that the service is going to the-——dogs, since the, have undertaken to * humaniz it. Under the present laws old seamen—good men—will not enlist in the navy because they are called upon to do the work of a set of ‘skulkers”—feHows that would work under fear of the “cat,”’ but who rather like being put under arre Something must be done at once. When Secretary Dobbin gets through ker question will he take a look with the wh at the ‘cat?’ Deatt oN Boarn Sm rnow Yeuwow Feven,~Mr. A, Peace, and Mr. D. W. Parrish, pasrangers and Ho®ey Rishardson, # searan, oo board the brig Wetamka, ar- rived yesterday from Mebile, died on the passes by alow fever, } Awenrcan’ Sreamsmirs AND. Havana Or ¥iclALs—Srrona Proresi.—We have received a printed circular, in English and Spanish, purporting to be from “some of the passen- gers,” against what they call “the Havana bri- gands on board the United States mail steam- ship El Dorado.” The following is the material part of their complaint:— Scarcely baa we anchored in the port of Havana be- fore a longboat, manned by eight men, came along: side the veseel, bie (—not aconsiderate body, not respectable and well behaved—but a horde of every- thing stinking, criminal and dia; » Which the civilized Havana contains. With the eagerness of erfect savages they took possession of the deck of the steamer, placing ill-mannered guards in every direction, by whom eve! was blocked and pete they ao ioe int ae blocks ps4 even began to cemand passports without ot the commonest courtesy for paces ocenpied by ladies. Plunder was commenced by the exaction o! two dollars for each written permit of embarkation, notwithstanding that numbers of the peseoari had been regularly issued by the Captain-General Cafie- do, at the expense of a previous fee of twelve reals, They further charge that the leader of these officials was guilty of the grossest misconduct towards an American lady, and they call upon President Pierce to put a stop to these out- rageous insults. The facts, perhaps, in this pro- nunciamento, may be rather highly colored, but the ruffianly conduct of the Havana officials, in their exactions upon American passengers and American vessels, are too notorious to be questioned. Why cannot our well-behaved citi- zens touching at Havana be treated with the same official respect as Englishmen? Will not the administration answer this question? American Citizensuip—Tae Cask or Conrant -Scummr.—We- publish this morning’ the offi cial correspondence between Hon. D. D. Bar nard, our late Minister at Berlin, Ralph King Esq., our Consul at Bremen, and His Magnifi cence, President Schmidt, Burgomaster of the ancient city of Bremen, upon the case of Con- radt Schmidt. Mr. Schmidt was a naturalized American citizen, who was claimed by an agent of the King ot Hanover as a subject of His Majesty, and as owing an outstanding debt of military service to the said King. The upshot of the correspondence will show.that the emis- sary of His Majesty made a slight mistake in this act of loyalty, and thatthe: passport of.an American citizen is a thing which we have only to say shall be respected in order to se- cure it the respect of foreign powers. The case is not strictly analagous to that of Koszta, but it is interesting at this time, in connection with the general question of American citizen- ship. Read the correspondence. Oxp Vireinyy Neper Tire.—It is said that the Hon. James M. Mason, U.S. Senator from Virginia, has been one ofthe most active and persevering opponents of General Dix’s appoint- ment to the French mission; and that his re- lative, the Hon. John Y. Mason, of Virginia, has now been promoted to the place which had been promised to General D. Well, what of it? Meanwhile, where is General Dix? He can now ask, in the language of Mr. Webster. “Where shall I go?” Does he pocket the slight without a syllable of complaint? Where is his promised letter of amplification to Dr. Gar- vin? Whereis the President’s ‘‘ rose-scented” letter tohim? Are his guns all spiked, or will he open a broadside to “define his position?” Mr. Webster hit the nail on the head when he exclaimed—*“The North! there is no North!” And Presidents will understand how Northern politicians will bear to be trifled with. “i Talk on ’Change. ewe wee ormsew Geeppuiuuuent felt in regard to the foreign commercial news brought by the Arctic. It is but seldom that breadstuifs and cotton are de pressed at the same moment. Notwithstanding the English accounts of favorable weather, and flattering notices of eutside crops, the fact could not be denied but that the wheat crops would exbibit nome deficiency. This, coupled with the recognized short erops on the Contt- nent, induced many persons to hold to the belief that prices would, ere long, rally, and rule at higher rates. Others again took an opposite view of the case, and con, sidered that further reductions were to be expected, basing their arguments on the supposition, that the crops in South Russia bed been large, that the deficiency on the Continent had been exaggerated, and that ths abundance of outside crops, with old grain in the coun try, would measurably neutralize the deficiency of wheat in England, Time alone could reconci'e those discrep ancies, F In this market the effect of the news was to depress prices; and flour was from 18e a 25c. per barrel lower; common State brands closed at $6; wheat fell off from 8c. a 5c. per bushel, and corn from 2c. a 3c. There was no market for cotton, the sales only haviog been about 160 9 260 bales. Some merchsnts stated that they had reesived letters from their correspondents a+ the South and West, com- Plaiping bitterly of the false telegraph news which was sent to the press in that direction, The news referred to is purported to have been brought by the stoamer at Halifex. and stated that hestilities had commenced be- tween Turkey and Rusia and thet 4 great rise had taken place in breadatuffs. They stated that if these telegraphic impositions were to be repeated, the whole systen of telegraphs would become a public nuisance. It was contended that the culpable carties should be ferreted outand exposed, as a warning to others disposed to try similar experiments. The tripartite protest against the United States, said | to have been entered at Washington, by Russia, Prussia and Austria, or their mini.ters on the Koszta affair, ‘was considered to bes singular movement. How were the rights of the other two powers interfered with by a dificulty between Austria and this government? It was suppored that there was some mirtake about it. Such a course was quite unusual, And suppore this govern- ment wore to sustain Captain Ingraham, avd deny the demands of Austria for explanation cr reparation, were these three powers to league in a war agaixst the United States? No one believed in ruch a result, The whole affair would likely soon evaporate in s diplomatic, wordy discuetion, @ 1a Hulsseman, The rumor that a Californian had been selected to fil; the Chiua mission was supposed to refer to Senator Gwynn, If the speedy arrival of # commissioner fa Chita was necessary, with new instructions, of whica nore doubted, » map could ba sent quicker from Csit fornia, by some vostel of war already on the Pacific coast, than from any other quarter. Catrrornst1A Ewioration.—We are Jed to believe from prerent ind/cations that the tide of emigration to Cul fornia and Oregyn, the coming season, will 0e immeunely large, and of s character highly advantageous to the now State, The impetus which it has already receicwd i mainly attributable to the spirit of enterprise which ha! been infused of Inte throughout the management of the various lines of steamers which connect the Pacific with the Atlantic, and the consequent imprevements and additions introcueed for the asccmmodation of the tra veller, bob on sea and on land ‘The Panama pepers of the Iast date announce with » degree of authority that the British Steam-his Company. the Pacific Mail Steamabip Company, and otaar partior interested on that reate, have contribated upwards of sixty thousand doilara for the repaire upon tae male roud between Cruces and Panama. sed thet had aothally been commenced... This we sre credinly ta formed iv not only toe case, but meneares are now oa foot to enable the sicam companies to issue torough tek ets between New York and Calitorale, aad wice versa —ao arraxgement which will effeetually chock phe tm, 204 whieh have beon practised upon travellers by tae m ale teers and transporting egenta on the tathmua, By thew tickets, pasrengers will be enaoled ty cross tho tera nu the work in & specified time, und for a certain price It is expre that these plans #ill go into operation abzut tbe fit » October, when passergers and their luggage will be cor ried through from the Atlaatig to the Pacific ie Tabivg these fac's toc 0 twelve (o fifteen hours tien with the prevent low paenege airs, $100 © $50, for first, seoond, ond third clan tise 4 oe trip ithin the means of every trevele Poe Liooty and Btar of the West go out to-Cay crowded to exces = the rewnlt, no @enht, of the cheap rates und the induc» manta which are offered by the tienes Of tho Pecitic Stats to nearly eyery Clans of society. done Max Mangram’s Orena.—Last evecicg witnessed tha début of Max Maretzeh’s new trowpe or rather, to speal: more correctly, the re-entrée of nis old Mexican cam psigners. The opera choven was’ Pu itai,” aud thougla it must be by this time tRoroughl» ‘amiliar to lovers of music in New Yorn, a very large «udience assembled ta hear it. Niblo’s was full, from the ua lery to the orches> tra. It looked quite like winter again to see 60 many pretty faces and piquant rigoletten, aod bright eyes the old boxes; and from the weloome with which Maret= zek was received, as well as the eageraces with which tha Dest seate were taken up, we heve little hesitation im prognosticating s brilliant season ‘or the troupe, It cam herdly be regarded complete a» yet. A fresh tenor ‘and a light soprano or contraltc are needed; and some other additions which we need not stop to particularize,; could not but conduce to the success of the campsign But these, we have no doubt, «il! soon defy eriticianr,, Deficiencies will be filled up, and faults will be cared, while the brilliant excellencies which sent *very one home de~ lighted last evening will, we trust, be preserved and in-'. creased, Morini, of course, was the hero of * Puritani,” a6 Sir George. We have seen him before in the part ati Castle Garden, and so have most of our readers. With sorrow, indeed, was it that we noticed vad curtailments im his score last evening. Not a note of our great based would we willingly spare, and if wanton diminution of our pleasures would assuredly excite our critical bile,’ we may, perbaps, be suffered to express our own and the public regret that so unnnying ah occarrence should be occasioned by unavoidablo cause-. , We are sure that: every one will join us, in lamenting the protraction of. Signor Marini’s cure. His hand 1s otill in a sling; an@ the pain of the wound is still too severe to permit him to resume the entire rendition of eo fatiguing a partag Georgio. In those portions in which he exerted him< self to his utmost, he was, as of od, immense, Tha scene with Elvira in the firat sct and the duct with Ricardo in the second, have, we feel convinced, never been surpassed. His execution o° the great air ‘* Suonk & Tromba” was beyond praise. It revealed the true ar tist. Therewas no effurt—no forcicg of the voice—or writhing of the body; simplicity was ae striking.a fea~ ture of the performance as energy aad soul. Natare hag endowed Marini with one of the floext bars volees on the lyric stage; he showed us Iast eveutog that he had done all that a great artist cculd do to develop and display it to the best advantage. ‘We seldom praise Signor Bensventano. His faults 0° method and his affectation have gsnerally, in the part in which we have seen him, obscured his natural advan- tages, and left an unpleasant eff-c. oo his hearers. Had he heard himself last evening, as we did, he would haya learnt useful lesson. His ‘Ab per sempre io te perdei,”” io the first act, was excellent so loog as he adhered faith~ fully to the written score. His voice was fairly brought out, and as it is really fine, he wa: heard with great pleasure. But no sooner did be attempt to “ran,” than his want of management b+came apparent, and half the enthusiasm vf the audivoce vanished. So im the great duet with Marini, Why. in the name of all that Signor Beneventano veneratea most, can he not sing “Suoni la Tromba,’’ vaturally and sim- ply, without shakings of the voice and contortiong of the body? Let him put to himeelf the plate question: how would Richard have spoken of hig love for his evuntry to Sir George if in reality, the dia. logue produced on the stage had occurred between them? Does he think that he woull have writhed and grimacede, It in Chesterfield, we believe, who says that a man fg never ridiculous for appearing to be what he is, but only for aping what he is not. Beneventano might apply the maxim to his own case, Let him be what he is—s'ng naturally—act simply—cease to strive at effect by doing viclenee to the dictates of his sober judgment and taste,’ and we shall bail him as one of our great singers, Elvira is not one of Steffenose’s best parts. Her Norma has taken so high a staod that we are naturally fastidious, She sang ‘ Vien diletto,” how ever, with great power and success. Better, perhaps,’ in the duet with Sir George than in the subse- quent portions of the part. Madame Steffanone.confirma an early impression of her—namely, that her forte waa the highest walk of tragedy. and not the delineation of the nicer feelings and passions of baman nature. Ing histrionic point of view, we cannot commend her concep- ticn of Elvira’s insanity, nor can we praise her vocal ex- ecution of many portions of Eivirs have rendered effective. Inthe entirely. On the whole, however, ‘Puy itani”’ wasa decided suc- cess. Both orchestra and choruses were as good aa usual, and the general execution of the trios was able. Next opera night “Norma” is play-d; an1 as it is Stefia- anone’s test, and Selvi’s—we were soing to say—only good part, we risk little in predistiog a bamper house, For the sake of Max Maretzek, woo really deserves tha public favor, we are happy io thinkicg 59, Marine. Affat s LAUNCH OF ANOTHER CHARLESTON 4reAMER.—On Thura- day next, at 83¢ o'clock. A. M., Mr W Liam Collyer will launch from his yard, at the foot of Niceteenth street, East river, the beautifal steamship Nashville, for Messrs, Spefford & Tileston’s line of New York and Charleston steamers, The Nashville is very sharp and handsome vessel, of about 1,500 tons burtben and has been builé ip the best style, under the immediate superintendence of Cept. M Berry, late of the Soatberer and Marion, wha will command her, She is 210 feet long, 34 wide, and2Z deep, and will be fitted with a single side lever engine, from the Allaire Workr, of 85 inches diameter, andeight feet stroke. This will increase the rumber of steamers in this company to five, viz : the Uaion Southerner, Ma-’ riop, James Adger, and Nashville steamer for nearly each day in the week—a good sign of the ineressing im¢ portance of the trade between New York and Cnarleston.' Curren Sap Epwin Forrest was lavacbed at Boston om Saturday forenoon, from the yard of Mr. Daniel D, Kelly.’ She was towed to the Grang Jucction wharf, where sha will receive her masts, and then be takea to the dry dock to be copprred, whence she will be towed by the steamer ~ R, B, Forbes to this port to load for California, having been purchased by Mesers. Crosby, Crocker & Co, Her commander is Capt. Crccker. DEPARTURE OF THE GERMANIA—The Bremen steamship Germania, Capt. Bremer, sailed yesterday noon for Bre- men, with thirty nine pasrengers ‘Tue New STraMBR AMERICA, built by Mr. W. H. Brown, which was advertised to run between this city, Charles- ton and Savannah, has been withdrawn from that con- templated route, and is destined for the Pacific trade be- tween San Francisco and Panama. Tue SovTneRN STEAMERS —The ateamer Jas, Adger, front. Charleston, and the Augusta, from Savannah, arrived yesterday, Disaster ON Tun Hupson.— We learn that # schooner,’ helieved to be loaded with brick, was suck during the igh winds of Saturday night in the North River, above Fort Lee, and opposite Melmont, the beautifai country residence of Mr. T. J. Stewart, of Wall street. Ald to the Mobile Sufferers, TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD, New York Sept. 19, 1853, Drar Srr—The following rubscrip ioas have been re- ceived by me rince last report madeon Friday morning: = E. W. Fiske, Brooklyn. a. W. Benson, do... , William P A Friend, do, . Hov. # 8 Lyon, Demopoliy, Ais. . B, A. W. Whittaker, Mobile... . “5 CL RYAN, ‘Treneurer, At Arctic Insurance Company, 10 Wallstreet, where subscriptions will be thanbfuily recsived. Private letters tothe 18th repre ent the fever ns ex- tremejy malignant in Mubile, and in tho surrounding neighborhood. At Spring All, whore, in ail previous epicemica, people coosidered themuelves entirely safe, there is Low much sieseoss, and anoag people who were born in the place, snd who bad not veva in the city since the breabing out of the fever. Some members of the Howsrd Avsoolation, having w Kitvio respite from thetr lav0re ia Now Ocleans, by the decresae of the epidemic taere, have, with their pro- ver bial love of doing good, visited Monile to wid thelr suf- fering neighbors, ond they proaoance the fever there even wore muelignant than it was im New Orleans, if possible Various {interior poivta, towns, and plantations, fex from ih eb slate that they have sow, per- haps for the been visited by unis eeourge, aad 1 provails io von-equenes, ow bere, and toe charitable from sh volt aot fail to render bey con effrrd, a toere i4¢ muel suf. A they wili rece Joo! that the sick i for, bat the or- ed are a charge taat general consterna ein peopls he U er que wl pecuniary p to alleviate, ylog have not phone and widows of the deus ast have equal atlostion. y to be p Ala w New Orteave and Nobile, Tho Grand Lodge of southern Hew York, 1 0. of O. F,,! at their recent mootivg « is, contributed €£00 to the relief of tha New Orioane sufferers, and $259 to phone of Mobile, (yom i.e fauds of the order,