The New York Herald Newspaper, July 30, 1853, Page 4

JAMES GORDON BENN’ PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR — aTT, OFTicE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AN ® MASSAU S93 MS cash in advance. FEMS SILY HERALD. 2 conte per o° THE WEEKLY HERALD. every § annum; the Bur opy. oF $3 "> the Condinens both to include the pe . VOLUNTARY CORRESPOND ISf6,. solicited from any qr gto rally peta for, BB yey KoREGN Comaesro! Mesetausvasrioulaniy 3 02 Bel ee a ber TERS AND PACKAGES SENT UT ALL LETTERS by mail ff Sabscriptions, or : Saceadet io be, post poids oF fe Sonee teat, seme ym the remitted. NO NOTICE of | sal hous communications. We do not weturn those "ra "ADVERTISEMENTS ; vonewed s JOR PRINTING & jeuted pas Ngee cheapness, and eapatch. + SS 6 SS _ AM! JSEMENTS THIS ZVENING. CASTLE GA QDEN - Dox Giovanni. BOWERY METRE, Bowery- Tue Somvannvrast— Noman Chr gya—Tuenese. BROADW'aY THEATRE, Broadway—Inerasp AND Axymica~ Unc Pars per annum. epean. Bitton A por m a ind 49 to amy part of IDLO’ @&, Broadway—Kin kKa—GReEN MonsreR. NATIJNAL THEATRE, Chatham street—Unexx Tom's Came. AME RICAN MUSEUM—afternoon and Byening~Downr- wis T Aours OF ACTING Moneys, Docs AND Goars MADISON AVENUB—Afterneom aud Dveulng—PRan- eoxde Coresar Hirropnome. STY’S AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE 472 Broalway WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Murical Mall, 444 browd woy~ Ermiopias Miner R xr) BUCKLEY'S OPERA HO 539 Broadway—Dvcn- wav’s RrW0PIAN Urana TROUPE. GEORAMA, 503 Broadway—Panonama or tus Horny D BOPE GHAPEL—Panonama or Niagana. ACADEMY HALL, HO. BroadwayAsornt oO Mowr New York, Saturday, July 30, Malls for Europe. HE NEW YORK WEEKLY DERALD. The United States mail steamship Fravklin, Oasvain Wotton, will leave this pert to-day, at 12 o’elock, for Bouthampton and Havre. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the New Yori Henatp will be reeeived at the following places in Europe :— Lavexroot—Jelm Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street, Loxpox~-Edwaré Sandford & Co., Cornhill. 33 Wm. Thomas & Co., No, 19 Catharine street. Paas—Livineston, Wells & Co., Rue de ta Bourse. “BLE, Revoil, No. 17 Rue de a Banque, ‘The Buropean mails will close at balf pest tem o'clock this morning. ‘The Waxnty Hararp will be published at half past nine e@’oleek this morning. Single oepies, in wrappers, s'x- — ey The News, Our despatches from Washington contain very in- ‘teresting developements. If matters can be arranged, the New York National Democrat—the Original Jacobs—will be converted into a government organ, with Col. Forney for its editor. This suggestion emanated from the President himself. The hards are willing to have Forney if he be left untrammeled by instructions, while the softs insist that the policy pursued in distributing the spoils shall be sustained, and the Baltimore platform uot be inade a subject of @iscussion. Meanwhile, Beverly Tucker's prospectus for a new paper is out; and another, to advocate the views of Messrs. Toombs and Stephens, of Geor- gia, isalsoannounced. The Russian Minister, feeling annoyed at the tone of the Washington Union, with- drew his subscription, but it is to be hoped the relations existing between the two countries may remain un- interrayted. Three buildings have been offered.to* the Secretary of the Treasury, forthe Assay Office —and early next week a selection will be made. Daniel E. Sickles, of this city, has acvepted the post of Secretary of the London mission, and will leave, with Mr. Buchanan, in a few days. The jury in the case of Capt. Schaumburg, being unable to agree, wer? dic arsed. The reported defalcation of Mr. Zanizing«r, formerly of the State Department, is generally discredited. T.E. Massy, of Alabama, has bce) a pointed Secretary of Legation to Chili. ‘The steamship Georgia arrived yesterday morning from Aspinwall, bringing the California mails, pas- gengers, and nearly two millions of treasure freight. The Culifornia news, however, was antici- pated by the Northern Light, which arrived on Monday. By the arrival of the Georgia we have received our Panama correspondence, which is unusually interest- ing, containing intelligence from South America and the Isthmus. In Chile everything was in a most pros perous condition. President Belzu and his minister, Bustillo, of Bolivia, had left the capital—La Paz—tor Salinas, where they were concentrating troops to re- pel any invasion of the Peruvians. On the morning of the 15th June one hundred and fifty men, from a Peruvian steam-frigate, landed at Cobija, and took possession of the town. Owing to the yellow fever prevailing at Callao, the authorities at Guayaquil had impoced a quarantine of fifteen days on vessels arriv- ing from the former port. The weather at Panama had been fine, and very li tle sickness. ‘Was progressing rapidly. Two weeks later advices from Australia have been received. The general news is unimportant. At Sydney goods were daily advancing in price, and much inconvenience was felt in supplying the de- mand; several cargoes, however, were due. Mr. W. Parker King, in a letter to the Melbourne Argus a of April 14, announces his intention of starting at | the end of that month in search of Sir Joha Frank- in, in a smal! vessel, fitted out at his own expense, and calls upon the public for £500, to enable him to eomplete his arrangements. The attention of our readers is directed to the eloquent eulogy pronounced by Rafas Choate upon Daniel Webster, at the Dartmouth College Com- mencement, at Hanover, N. H., on Wednesday last, which may be found on our inside pages. The Philadelphia Board of Health held a meeting yesterday, and decided that the sickness which had prevailed at the South street wharf in that city was malignant bilious fever, caused by bilge water on board the bark Mandarin. The disease had been confined to a few houses, and no case had occurred since Sunday. A break has occurred in the Delaware division of the Pennaylvania canal, which will tean:poitation ‘or a week or ten days. The Massachusetts Constitutional Convention yos terday passed a resolve giving the Legislatare power to enact a plorality law in regard to State officers, to take effect one year after its passage. A semi-weekly line of steamers between Baltimore nd Boston is to be established by the Parker Vein Cosi Company. The National Scientific Convention, at Cleveland, Ohio, occupied its session yesterday in the reading of papers on a variety of scientific subjects. Ship National Eagle, of Boston, from New Or- Yeans for Liverpool put into this port yesterday, having the yellow fever on board. The captain was sick, and the mate, captain's wife, and several of the crew are reported to have died. A committee of the Board of Aldermen sat yester- day to hear certain charges brought against the Street Commissioner, Mr. Furey, for awarding a contract illegally to 2 Mr. Hagen, for grading a por tion of 123d street, a full report of which will be found in our columns. Alderman Doherty, who pre- ferred the charge, closely cross-examined the con- tractor, Mr. Hagen, but nothing positive was sub- stantiated. After some sparring between Alderman Doherty and the defendant's counsel, Mr. Willard, a» well as between the former and the committee, it ‘was agreed to adjourn until Tuesday next, at 10 A.M, ‘There were forty-three cases of yellow fever at Dew Orleans on tue 23d inst, interrapt The railroad | The New Shive Trade In Caba, If there was a subject with whick we be- lieved ourselves thoroughly familiar, that subject was assuredly the slave trade in Cuba. A few days ago we would have laughed at any one who would have promised us new facts. bringing to light a new phase of the system. But Canedo is one of those indefatigable men who are never tired of furnishing us with mate- riel for articles. No sooner bas he been exco- riated on one side than he turns the other to the acourger. British squadrons may pre- yent his satiating his avarice at the expense of the negroes; but their vigilance is no match for his cupidity; and a fair substi- tute for the Africans can be found on the American coast. Nor does he present any strik- ing contrast to his friends and protégés in this respect. The slave dealers of Cuba stick at no- thing. Money they must have; and if money can be procured by stealing men and women and selling them into slavery, it matters very little to the humane and enlightened Cuban what blood flows in their veins, or from whaf shore they are taken. Were the dread of ven- geance once removed from their minds, we should have Cuban pirates landing on the coasts of Maine or Massachusetts, kidnapping women and children and selling them on the plantations. by and with the consent and approval of his Ex- cellency the Captain General. Valentin Canedo. Most of our readers are familiar with the peninsula of Yueatan, which juts out from the north of Belize into the Mexican gulf. A classic interest has been shed upon the locality by the discoveries of Stephens; and the he and unconquerable independence of the natives have added an additional attraction to the Greece of America. For upwards of two hundred years, Mexico has spent her strength in endeavoring to subdue them; but, unlike their brethren of the north, the Indians of Yucatan have retained so much of their native mettle aud perseverance as to baflle the most formidable attempts at conquest. A temporary lull in the never ending hostilities between Mexico and her turbulent province, has always been followed by a furious burst of warfare; and though the peninsula is laid down on the map as forming part of Mexico. though the Republic does exercise rights of sovereignty in the ports. it would he wandering very wide of the truth to designate the inhabitants of the interior as her subjects. Asarace, the Yucatan Indians have borrowed little from their more civilized foes. They retain nearly all the characteristics of the savage: are bold. persevering. unalter- ably attached to their native land, and un- daunted in its defence. Their Christianity is a clumsy compromise between Catholicism and paganism. In fine, though possessing the usual cunning of the Indians in war, they are easily overreached by the superior tact and skill of the white men. Such is the race from which one of the largest slavedealers of Havana proposes to supply the deficiency which the stringent measures of Great Britain have created in tke annual im- port of slaves. By means of an agent at Be- lize, this worthy merchant has been in the habit of buying up small lots of Indians along the coast, at remarkably moderate rates. Twenty- five lars was all that his conscience would allow him to pay for a man; women were worth seven dollars less ; and boys and g fetched rather more than fat bi these rates with the m ill show that this excellent dealer was not far wrong when he styled the operation— “un especulation magnifico.” We can well conceive his wrath when he heard of the eum- mm fashion in which his Belize agent had he rrested by the British authorities. The poor fellow had only succeeded in kidnapping a sorry hundred and thirty of the Yucatanc and was on the threshold of the fortune w was to crown his efforts. A few months longer, aud his coffers would have been full. Alas! for the frailty of Laman purposes! The English one day got hold of the kidnapping agent, and popped him into Jail As soon as the affair got wind, Santa Anna was straightway seized with a violent fit of affection for his rebel- licus subjects in Yueatan, and fulminated a furious letter to his representative at Havana, insisting on the immediate suppression of the traffic, and the restoration of the captives. Whether Santa Anna would have taken the initiative, and forwarded a remonstrance to Havana as soon as the business came to his ears, if the British authorities at Belize had not moved in the matter, is by no means a settled point. He has no reason for feeling any lively regard for the Indians of the peninsula ; on the contrary, it would be rendering him a signal service to rid him of the annoyance they cause his government. True, Canedo and his proté- gés could hardly be expected to depopulate Yu- catan, and carry off the whole population into slavery ; but what little they did towards this consummation can hardly have proved a sub- ject of poignant regret to the Mexican dictator, It is not unreasonable to regard the despatch recently received at Havana by Don Ramon Carballo, the Mexican Consul, as intended at least as much for outward effect as for any practical purpose. Thus the matter stands, Canedo is of course quite ignorant of the whole transaction—as blameless as he was in the matter of the Lady Suffolk and her companions. It is not difficult to foresee how the imbroglio will terminate. Tae Marne Liquor Law in New Beprorp.— Several thousands of “the legal voters of the city of New Bedford” have published a petition to his honor the Mayor and the city Council “respectfully but earnestly requesting that the police may be instructed to enforce the law of the State in regard to the sale of intoxicating liquors, and that such mea- sures may be taken to strengthen and uphold them and all other officers of the law in the most thorough enforcement of the etatnte, as shall to your wisdom seem best.” Now, be it known that this city of New Bedford belongs to Massachu a State whose inha- bitants have been proverbially regarded, from the days of the Old Colony down to the present time, a law abiding people, barring a few ex- ceptions on account of fugitive slaves, the ten gallon law,‘and some other things. But we must also consider that New Bedford is the great whaling port of America—in fuct, the world’s metropolis of spermacetti and fish oil to say nothing of codfish and macke The presumption is, therefore, that the whalers and fishermen are herein the offenders, and that this appeal of “the legal voters” is for the purpose of stopping the grog of poor Jack, if necessary, even by calling out the militia, Very good. If Jack by “ the statute” and “ the police” can be made a staunch disciple of Father Mathew the Maine law will be carried to the uttermost ends of the earth. It ie an important experiment. | to come up missing, to disappea Comvopore VaNpersivt anp THE Norra Sran—Rare Cuance ror 4 CetestiaL Beye- rir.—The latest advices from Commodore Van- derbilt's steam yacht, the North Star, leave her at the port of Havre. The enterprising Commodore, however, not satisfied with the trip to St. Petersburg. was contemplating voyage a tour du monde, by way of the Chi- nese Empire, thence homeward, we suppose, around Cape Horn. Now here is a golden opportunity for the Celestials of the Tong-Hook-Tong Dramatic As- sociation, if they are not too late, They want to gohome. They have no means. The pro- ceeds of their late benefit they had previously eaten up at the Shakspeare Hotel. Per- haps Commodore Vanderbilt may have room for thei on board the North Star. Who knows? Let #im be sounded. If yea, then a benefit or two in London and Paris would furnish these poor Celestials with the neeessary funds for contingencies, such as fish, and rice, for the voyage. Their dra- matic representations at the various stopping places outward bound, would give a peculiar nevelity to the excursion; and they would be useful on board in teaching the Com- modore and his crew something of the language, manners, and customs of the people of China, They might also be useful as interpreters at Canton, Shanghae, and aleng the great imperial river, the Yang-tse-kedng, up which the Commodore, of course. will ascend a few thousand miles. He will thus obtain an in- sight into the very heart of the Central Flowery Kingdom, and on such an expedition the Tong- Heok-Tong Dramatic Association would be very serviceable indeed. We go further: We are disposed to look at this thing in a diplomatic point of view. Sup- pore an application should be made to Commo- dore Vanderbilt in behalf of the Tong-Hook- Tong Society—suppose he should say “ Yes, send them along:” and that they should go by the North Siar to their imperial master, the Drother of the Sun and Uncle of the Moon, what then? Why, nothing more nor less than this: the Emperor, whether a representative of the Mantchoos or the Ming dynasty, will feel grate- ful to the gallant Commodore, and the mighty nation of “outside barbarians” of which he will be the representative; and he may thus effect more than Marshall and Walker combined in confirming the friendly relations now so hap- pily existing between China and the United States, and in securing us the most advanta- geous commercial facilities with the Central Flowery Kingdom. If not too late, nothing would be lost, at all events, in making up an application to Commodere Vanderbilt for a passage out to Kwangtung. of the unhappy Celestials of the Tong-Hook-Tong Society. Tre “Bocus Appress”—More Licut.—The organ of the herd shells of this city—no doubt “by authority’—gives a detailed account of the way in which the “bogus address” of the democratic members of the Legislature was “got up.’ Itadds, with other corroborative evidence, ihe following direct specification in proof of the sweeping condemnation of the Albany Argus :-— Among those who refused to si nemes appear at the foot of the add: as published in the Atlas, are Messrs. Wilson, MeClarry, Van onken, Jackson, A. H. Gardner, Odeli, W. A. nith and Blauvelt, some of whom even erased their names, having been induced to sign before learning the character of the address, and its surreptitious production. Messrs. Bushnell, Amsbry and Forsyth were ab- seut, the latter gentleman being now on a tour ia Europe. The names of Messrs. Livingston and R. P. Smith, who signed the protest, are also found as signers of this document. Among those who protested against signing the addr fur reasons betore stated, were Me Alden, St. John, Glover, D. B. Taylor, Russel Smith, Em- mons, R. P. Smith, Livingston, Hatchins, Searing and Lounsberry. Messrs. Wedel and whose Fs ind, Shaw and Howard, of New York, were als: nt, and did not sign the address. We reengnise in the list of those who did not sign the address a large majority who voted in fav®r of the Taylor resolutions, and have, during the session of the Legislature, pursued a consistent and firm course, both upon matters of State policy and national questions, o Thus is this “democratic” legislative farewell address nailed to the counter as a connterfvit. It is woree than the free soil stampede upon Tay lor’s fugitive resolution, for that was simply a dodge, or the taking the « Kentucky shoot,” which means, according to Touchstone, to retire in disgust, to back out, to slope, to make tracks. to vanish, to cutandrun. But this address is worse than cutting and running. in being a “ bogus ” affair, which implieth that it is not the pure silver, but a contraband: udmixture of baser metals, and is, therefore, a base imposition. It is worse than Champlin’s resolutions. for, though they were slippery and evasive on the main point, they will do as far as they go. and were adopted by an open showing of hands in broad daylight ; whereas, this bogus address appears to have been concocted in a corner, aad signed, to a criminal extent, by proxy, and without au. thority. The only altcruative remaining is, either to call another meeting of the dumocratic members at Albany. and get up another address. or to postpone the reconciliation of the two fac- tions to the general meeting at Syracuse, on the 13th of September. The party savors strongly of decomposition, but solar salt may save them. It is the last chance. Serriine cp Wita Accounts —According to recent developements, if the late whig party had continued in possession of the federal go- vernment another term, the Secretary of the Treasury would have been driven, in another year or 0, to the necessity of asking a loau of Congress to balance outstanding deficiences. In addition to the alleged unpaid balances due the government from two of the late collectors of San Francisco, amounting to half a million, more or less, submerged in quartz mining and other speculations, we have some new disclo- sures of a defalcation or two almost every week. The other day a small deficit of ten thousand dollars was brought to light in the State De- partment; and now we ere informed by the St. Paul. Minnesota Democrat, that Gov. Gorman has been engaged for several days in investi- gating the charges against the late whig Go- vermer Ramsey, on account of the frauds charged to have been perpetrated upon the Sioux Indians. The policy of a change in the administration every four years, thus far appears to work well for the national finances, Let Mr. Guthrie remember that. With a full trea- sury, the hungry democrats may turn out to be as greedy as the whigs. Nothing like a sharp eye on the public money. Tine Way to Do It.—General Pierce has said that the rights of American citizenship, as far asin him the power lies to make them respect- ed abroad, shall be respected. Commodore Stringham has shown the way to do it. Mark one, ProressoR Bowen BLAck-BALLED.—The Pro- vidence Post perpetrates the appended pa- triotie paragraph, to wit:— ‘The overseers of Harvard College have rejected Mr. Bowen as Professor of History in that instita- tion. This movement was a most proper and ja- dicious one, and we are glad to see that it was ably defended, a few days since, in the Constitutional Convention, fenry Wiison, when it was called in question. Mr. Bowen is well known as the editor of the North American Review, and has made hinrself famous—or infamous—by his labors in that publication, to afford “ aid and comfort’ to des- potism in Eurose, The great misfortune of Mr. Bowen is that he is behind the times—a conservative of the schoel of Nicholas and the ‘house of Hapsburg— wrapped up in the books and dogmas of the dark ages, and hooting like an owl in the hol- low ofa tree, when the sun is high up in the heavens, and all the world is awake. It is to be hoped that h’s expulsion by Old Harvard will wake up Mr. Bowen. The Crystal Palace. It will now, we are informed, be four weeks before all the goods are received and completely arranged for exhibition. This will make six weeks altogether from the day on which it was thrown open to the public, and four months from the first of May, the day on which it should have been opened. A great deal of unavoidable delay, it is true, has taken place in the contribution of foreign goods; but there is no excuse for the present blank appearance of portions of the American department. Italy presents a more finished look than the United States. Why is this Is there a want of contributors, or are they less ener getic and interested fh the productions of tacir skill in the arts than the nations of Europe? If they have not already displayed all their articles, we hope they will make no further delay in exhibiting them. Weare requested to correct an error which was pub lished in one of the morning papers of yesterday, in relation to the admission of ladies unaccompanied by gentlemen. The ladies,we are happy to be able to state, are admitted into the building whether attended bya gentleman oralone. Any rule that would exclude them from the exhibition, particularly when the hours of admission are befween sunrise and sunset, would meet with prompt public censure. The mana- gers never thought of adopting such a regulation, for a large proportion of their female visiters are not accompanied by gentlemen. Aun error of this kind, therefore, could only have its origin in the stupidity of the person who originated it. Ladies may be seen at almost any hour of the day walking through the Palace unattended; and we know of no public place of amusement where they could be more free from insult, or where an insult would be more promptly punished. The police are always at hand, and ready at a moment's notice, should their services be required. Their presence has a most salutary effect in preventing any annoyances to visi- ters, and to ladies particularly. In this respect they may be considered a guard of honor to the fair visi ters, as well as a terror to all theives and evil doers. A committee of five fromthe Noptune Hose Com- pany, of Philadelpdia, is expected some time this morning, with their new and magnificent hose cart, which is to be placed on exhibition at the Crystal Palace. They will be received at Pier No. 1 North river, by Columbian Hose Company, of New York, which wlll be accompanied by a band. From theuce they will be escorted by our firemen to the building. The following are the names of the committee from Philadelphia :—G. W. Haar, W. Spink, George Kern, J. Bartian and Edward Wood. No. of visiters admitted on single tickets. Number on season tickets. . Cash receipts...... ele ee THE AUSTRIAN DEPARTMENT. —ITS MANUFACTURE AND HISTORY. y we gave a long and interesting re- view of the various pieces of statuary and some other works of art in this department; but owing to the unfinished arrangement of the contributions, we have not been able to give a detailed description of it. Besides those articles we have already spoken of, this department displays an extensive collection of glassware, among which are many specimens from Bohemia. This country has occupied the first rank in Europe for the beauty and quality of the glass manufactured by its people. As the history of glass is replete with interest and iustruction, a brief sketch is peculiarly appropriate in this connection. McCulloch thinks that we are indebted for the art of making glass tothe Phonicians; and according to Pliny, the great naturalist, it had been made for many ages of sand found near the mouth of the small river Belus, in Phoenicia. ‘ The report,” says he, “is that the crew of a merchant ship laden with ni- tre, (fossil alkali) having used some pieces of it to support the kettles placed on the fires they had made on the sand, were surprized to see pieces formed of a translucent substance, or glass. This was a sufficient hint for the manufacture; ingenuity was immediately at work to improve the process thus happily sug- gested. Hence, the magneticdl stone came tobe added, from an idea that it contained not only iron, but glass. They also used clear pebbles, shells, and fossil sand. Indian glass is said to be formed of na- tive crystal, and is on that account superior to every other. Phoenician glass is prepared with light dry wood, to which copper and nitre are added, the last being principally brought from Ophir; it is occa- sionally tinged with differeht colors. Sometimes it is brought to the desired shape by being blown, sometimes by being ground on a lathe, and sometimes it is embossed like eilver.” We find from the graphic descriptive account given by Pliny, that the ancients were not only ac- quainted with the manufacture of glass, but that they brought it to a state of great perfection. Sidon, he says, was also famous for its glass, and it was in that famous city that mirrors were first invented. Th his time glass was made in Italy of fine sand, on the chore between Cum and the Lucrine bay. In Rome, it was manufactured into various articles of convenience and ornament; and it is stated by the same writer that Nero gave fifty thousand sesterces, (about $250,000,) for two glass cups, eash having two handles, This, it must be admitted, was a pretty high price; and if it may be taken as a fair indication of the value of giass at that period, its use must have Leen exceedingly limited in com parison with the present time. These, however, McCalloch says, must have been of an immense size, and of exquisite workmanship, for gliss was then used for drinking vessels, ani was made in the form of bottles in which to keep wine. Coming to a more modern date, however, we find no evidence of a reliable character that glass was used in windows previously to the third or fourth century; and then, and for long after, it was used only in churches and other public buildings. In England glass was rarely met with even so late as the latter part of the sixteenth century. As late as 1661 the windows of ordinary country houses in Scot land were not glazed; and only the upper parts of even those in the King’s palaces had glass, the lower ones having two wooden shutters, to open at plea- sure and admit the fresh air. The following extract from Harrison's description of England, may serve to give some idea of the kind of windows which they had previous to the reign of Henry VIII.—‘ Of old time,’ he says, mean- ing the beginning of the sixteenth centu- ry, ‘‘our’ countrie houses, instead of glass did use much lattice, and that made either of wicker or fine rifts of oak in checkerwise. I read also thet some of the better sort, in and before the time of the Saxons, d'd make panels of horue in- stead of glusee, and fix them in wooden calmes (casements) ; but a8 horne in windows is now (1584) quite laid downe in everie place, so our lattises are also grown into disuse, because glasse is come to be so plentiful, and within verie little so good, cheaper, if not better than the other.” What would Harrison have thought of immense structures, composed principally of glass, when he | speaks of it “ coming to be so plentiful” as to auper- ‘ sede the use of horn as a conductor of light? Who can read even this brief passage, without feeling that this is but one out of a thousand proofs of progress which meet us every day, and on which we do not even bestow a thought? BiVenice fer a long time excelled all Europe injthe manufacture of glass, but was subsequently rivalled by France and Austria, There are, according to Dr. Ure, five distinct kinds of glass at present manu- factured—fiint glass, or glass of lead; plate glass, or glass of pure soda; crown glass, which is the best for windows; broad glass, which is also used for win- dows, but it is of a coarser quality; and bottle, or coarse green glass. Flint glass is so called because the siliceous ingre dient was originally employed in the form of ground flints. It is now made of the following composi- tion :— Purified Lynn sand. . . Litharge, or red lead. Porified pearl ash.. To correct the green color derived from combnsti- ble matter or oxide of iron, says Dr. Ure, a little black oxide of magnesia is added, and sometimes nitre and arsenic. The fusion is accomplished usu ally in about thirty hours. In the composition of plate glass the fullowisg in” gredients are used :— Pure sand,... 43.0 Dry sub-carbonate of soda, 25.5 Pure quick lime, 4.0 Nitre,...... elas 15 Broken plate glass,.. .25.0-100 About seventy parts of good plate run off from these materials. Crown, or fine window glass, is made of cand vitri- fied by the impure barilla manufactured by incine- ration of seaweed on the Scotch and Irish shores: Broad glass is made of 2 mixture of soap-boilers’ waste, kelp, and sand. The first ingredient consists of lime, used for rendering the alkali of the soap- boiler caustic, the insoluble matter of his kelp or barilla, anda quantity of salt and water, all in a pasty state. The proportions necessarily vary—2 of the waste, lof kelp, and 1 of sand, form a pretty good broad glass. They are mixed together, dried, and pitted. Bottle glass is made of soapers’: waste and river sand, in proportions which practice must determine, aceording to the quantity of the waste; some soap boilers extracting iore saline matter, and others less, from their kelps. Common sand and lime, with a little common clay and sea salt, form a cheap mix- ture for bottle glass. WASHINGTON NATIONAL MONUMENT. CONTRIBUTIONS. To cash on hand.. Contributions for this da; atk on ’Change. Conversation turned chiefly on the nature of the forsign news received by the Acia, which was regarded as more peaceable in its charac’er, It had the effect of sdvancing the price of breadstuils in thie market. Stata brands of flour improved 1234 vents per barrel, and wheat advanced from 3 to 5 cents per bushel; good to prime parcels of Ohio white sold es high as $1 3034, with one cargo at $132. The trancactions were quite large, and chiefly purchased for export, the freight for which was also en- gaged to Liverpocl, at 7344, in ship’s bags and in balk. Flour was takeu as high as 2e, 6d. and at the close higher rates were arked, Absut 1,660 bales of cotton sold, at steady prices Private letters spoke more decidedly in favor of the maintenance of peace tkan the published accounts. The chief stimulus, however, to the market for breadstutls in England, was caid to be the wet weather, which threat- ened to interfere seriously with the crops, From tke present time {o the close of August was the most critical time in the whole year to the English harvest. ‘The accounts regarding the potato were contradicted, ‘The wisdom of the decimal system of currency adopted atan early period by Congress, was shown by the disyo- sition of Englard to change her currency to a similar mode of division, Of al! plans for forming a eurrencs, the decimel was decidedly the simplest and most conve- nient. It required «long period for a people to besome aceustomed toachange in eurrevey. In many of the States the iebabitants still adhered in their language and commen intercourse, to the divisions of the dotlar io shillings ard pence, instead of the ational decimal di- visions, The death of Joveph Alden, an old and respestable mor chant of Boston, wes alinded to by a gentleman of the: ity who spoke of the deceased in very flattering terms Congress would likely be eurfei‘ed with Pacitic railroad reports the comieg winter. Three orfour routes ©oald be curyeyed, and the friends of each would endeavor, as far as precticable, to show that it was the best. Ifthe people, with Congress to help thera, bailt one road to the Pacific in the 2ext ten years, they would do well. Which routeor ine sould the company recently chartered at Albany take up? Merchants interested ia the China teade had hoped to gain further intelligence regarding the rebellion, &., by the Asia, In this they were dita »poiated, as the overland India mai! bad arrived at Trieste, but brought no later news from that quarter. Castle GARDEN Orgra —‘Fayorita’’ has gained its pop- ulority im spite of immense ditadvantoges. Ia the first “place, it is too long, four ucts are too much for any ordi- nary opere-goer, Again, the fluest musie occurring iv the last act, the performers, wolees thoroughly confident of their own powers, ere apt to hushand their resources for the finale, to the obvious éetriment of the first, second, and third acts. Dopizetti’s vices of instrumenta- ticn are peculiarly noticeable in * Favorita;” the aczom paniments especially ave very trying. Nor can it, as work of art, compare either with the operas we heve been henring from Mozart, Bellini, and Meyerbeer, or even wih the masterpieces of Donizetti himself. It en joys, nevertheless, a wide popularity, and has kept i place ou the lyrie stage becter than many greater com positions, It war produced last evening with a strong cast, Malle Sontag did not appear; Steffunone was La Favorita, Badi- ali the Kivg, and Salvi, Fernando (or Ferdisaud, as Cor byn has it) The fault mentioned above was noticeable throughout the first two and a great portion of the third act. Texor and soprano Were both nursing themselves for the great ecenes in act fourth. Salvi neither acted nor sang as if he cared sbout it. Ths favorite bore her dirgrace with astonisbing equanimity. The audi. ence Was as cold as ice, Badiali restored good hu- moc with his exquisite “Vien, Leonor;” bat even he seemed infested with the prevailing nonchalance, and the great scene where the legate pronounces rentence of excommunication uson Leonor, and her royal paramour, fel) perfectly flut, The chorus was passable; but the chief actors hurried over their parts in #0 elo- venly a manner that we feared after the second act that “La Fayerita’? would preve to be the most ineflicient perf rmagce we have had. Our apprehensions last- ed until Leonor began the “O mio Fernando.” She yes not in particularly good voice; the huskiness of her lower notes was more than usually sppa- rent; but the soul with which both the air and the recitative were sung amply stoned for the fanit. Selvi dd not risk much exertion in the sesne where his betrayal is revealed to his; but as soon as the fourth act began, be too made noble ameads for the past, His epirto gentil was certainly one of the most finished and perfect performances we have heard in CastleGarden. It was most deservedly and enthasiastically encored, From this moment, everything went olf well, Leonor’s solo, with the chorus of monks behind the cane, produced an exquisite effect; her appeal to Fernaudo was extremely touching. end, finally, the Vieni ah vient was a oomplota, an overwhelming suecess $0 “Favorite” was saved. If it is produced again, we svggert that the mangement should deal more freely with the reirsors than they bave done, since we lose, by the presant arrangement, ‘Si che un tuo solo accon to,” aud various other morceaue here and there, Why rot ae boldly and lop off an act? It might well be spore Les Don Giovanni’ is played tomorrow, We eon only repent what we raid betore ir iv the finest opera on the stage, and is reldom iu by the Castle Garden troupe. performed more ably 1 The TO THE EDITOR OF TH HERALD. New York. Friday, Jaly 20, 1863, 1 beg you to correct av importaut error in your morn. ing edition of \o-day’s Hunan, where, in your report of ‘the housepsiniers’ meeting at Militery Hall, you say we deward “on increase at the rate of two dollars per dey, &o .”” whereas the b is, (a9 the advertisement in yeur Tuesday's issue will partly show) we mat to ex. press Our de'ermivation to continue ‘0 demand the es- iwplished rate of hich a portion of bosees, on Satur Say last, attempted to reduce to $1 75. The rate of $2 per day of ten hours has existed since the Ist of April, face "Yours respec’ folly, JOHN OOWION, Secretary N. Y. Housepatmrera’ As.ociattoa, Inter 4 COLLISION BETWEEN TWO HUDSON RIVER RAIL- ROAD CARS AND AN OMNIBUS—-TWO PERSONS SE~ RIOUSLY INJURED. At or near the depot of the Hudson River Railroad, at Thirty-first etreet and Tenth avenue, yostorday after- noon, a collision took place between an omnibus and two of the cars, inwhich the ommibus was crushed al- most into pieces, and @ gen'leman and lady who wereoc- cupants of the stage at the time, were very severely mangled, if not fatally injured It reoms that the ears were going in opposite directions, and by some means the ompibus became entangled between them, whieh re- sulted in the sad calamity as above described. The ia- jured parties were convesed to their residence. Their ‘names we were unable to learn. The stage driver es. caped injury. River Pouick —In consequence of the numerous rob- beries that sre nightly committed in vessels lying at wharves. by # ferccious and daring se! ‘of dock thieves, river police ix about to be etal ed, under the super- intendence of Charles A. Rakielewitz formerly inthe city lice, and for three years past oue of the United Statex Kier bal’s deputies. Raki+lewitz has received the authori- ty of a great inany foreiga merchants of New York to form such a force, the expenses to be paid by a fee from esch vessel and we understand that he proposes to em- ploy about forty men, and will have boats in readiness all night for the oursuit of river thieves. This is a desider~ atom long felt, and we have frequently called the atten- tion of the authorities to the necessity of estadlishiag some rystem for the protection of vessels at our wharves, Had there been a vigilant river police some time ago, the murder of the mate for whico the two titred men were harged would bave been, it Il probability, prevented. ‘The movement will, no doubt be encouraged by the chants and shipping interest of the city. Roppery AND PERSONAL VIOLENC! sterday after- noon, Fuislis Gores. a colored seaman, who acty a4 steward on board of the pscvet ship Hibernia, now lying at Pier No 3 Est river. was attacked by six iadividuala ina houre in Washiogton street who, having kooeked hira dow. cowmenceé pump'ng upon and otherwise ill- treating him. Upen the epvearance of the polies the offendere made their escape r having robbed the in- jured party of a gold watch valued at $00, Fortunately, ‘the morey which he had about nim escaped their notice. F. Gosea was reverely wounded about the face and fure- head, ay well as about the lefs eye, whieh was vary much: injured. He was taken to the New York Hospital by two policemen. Fait Down A Stoor’s Hop. —Yesterday, a man aamed Amrlah Knight belongiog to tbe sloop Fravkiin, broke Lis arm at the wrist, by tulling from the deck into the hold of the versel. Tc appears that they were taking in @ cargo of flour at Burhog slip. the eloop intending to tail that day for New London, when a barre! that was being hoisted on board slipped off the hooks oy which it was held acd fell down iato the hold carrying withit the above named perty who was steadying the barrel at the time. Fir i Tre new Binus Aevse, Astor prace.—About nine o’clock on Thursday evening « fire broke out in the sixth story of this building, om the Astor place side, near Third avenne, cecupied as a stereotype foucdry. The firemen were soon on the ground, ard the fire was extin- guiehed without much injury to the building. «More da- mage was done by water than by fire. The operations of the society will not be dela:ed fora moment. The print- ing office ‘and depository we:e sot at allaffeced. Too property is fully insured. Fings.—The premises 297 Monroe strest, were distover- ed on Thursday night to be on fire, but it was sooo extin~ guished with » few buckets of #uter. On the same night, a spirit gas lasop exploced at che houee of Dr. Ward, No. 50 Canal street; the fire was however, extinguished with very sligut damage. Accipent.— Oo Thursday a wan named W, Barns acci- dentally fell from the third story of a new buiidiog om Fifty second street, ear the North river, and was in- stantly killed. His body was taken to his residence in Fifty first street, near Eleventh aveoue, and the Coroasr notified. FovypinG.-~ On Thursday night a fermale iafert, alive, about three weeks old, was found ia the area of house No. 58 Mediron avenue, and conveyed to the wimskouse by a policeman, er Jersey City Intelligence. Svice oF a PRISONER — Yesterday, a Germas, whore name is unknown, wa: found suspended by the neck to the door of his cell, where be badevidently hung himself four or five hours previously. He had fa:tened a sheat from his bed to the top of bis cell door, and standing with his back to the door strangled himself. He was found standing there. There vas nothing upon his per- son which could lead to the discovery of bis name or place of residence. He was first seen on the 26th inst., on the Hack ck brigge. As @ tr approacned, he stepped upon the track »bich the trai 4 coming upon, and, as it reached him, he jumped twice, the second time alighting upon the cow catcter, and was thrown wpon the salt meacows. Taose who saw the occurrence went. to his aid, when he jumped vo aud ran away. At that time he wore # patr of gold spectacles, An hour after- wards he was seep in the Hackenrack river, below the bridge, attempting to drown himself, He was at expert swimmer, and did not drown, He was taken out of the water scd conveyed to jail, to prevent his relf destruction While io jail he said but little, and nothing which could divalgs who he waa, or where from, except it spuears that his name is “Fritz”? He was interred at souts Serges, in burial lots belonging to the coucty. He was five feet five inches bigh, stou® built, evparemtiy 28 yours of aga, hat brown hair, randy beard a car over his left eye, and wore @ dark frock coat, stripes eassinere pertalouns, acd cotton st frt ; bu! he bed on uo vest, no hat or nsaker- ebief, Justice Kiduey exemived the dody, and auyhor~ ized its burial. Tux Bank Cask —Yorterday, the examination of the witnesses rolative tothe Ine robbery of ths Zeehanies’ snd Traders’ Bank war held by Recorder Calter in the offize of Messrs. Gilehri:c & scudder, J, W. Sendder, attorney for the bavk, ®opeared for the bank; R. Me™ Clelian, Jr. for the prieoner Cathanre Koonedy, arrested on suspicion of beng ecre-sory ro the robbery. It waa thought adviswble to hold a -trictly private «xaminaticn, to whish reporters were vo: aomiited. Pergons eon- nected with tbe bark were pressut The examination commenced st 1Lo’elock A M aad adjourned a3 7P. M., t 10 o'clock tiv morning. The ex:nier of the hia wife aod -on, whois in the bank, were ex. but po'bing new was eliciied. slur reporier was informed by those ergsged im the examination tha the evidence taken was simply on ee of the fact already set forth in the Heeatn, The tectiwony oF the servant girl will be taken to-day. Aside from this, nothing of iuterest hay transpired which aids in discov= ering the perpe Superintendent's OMice, Crystal Paisce, New York, July 18, 1853. Exhibitors are very respeetfully notifed that if the space allotted them is not actu zt aon 2, fonable time the General Superint to diepove of it in favor ei other cr appiications. BATCHELDER, Secretary of Superintendents. Hear! Hear! Qu ! Question !-Shaks- umer style of hats is widely ising y of style. Decomingness, and richness of appearance, the Knox bat eaunot Le exceiled. KNOX is at No. 128 Fulton street. Sammer Hats—A Few Left: Yet.~idur stock, is still complete, consisting of #rah heavers, pesrl, cassimere, and felt bats in prest variety traw hate in ehuadance. G@eotlemen need not despair | WARNOCK®’, Ha 275 Brosdway, Irving Howse, The Elegent and Useful is to a greater de~ in the fashionable hat sold by the people’ eal mechanics, of No. Il Park raw, St ers ana citizens will confer # favor on themselves, by {ngand examining their beantiful stock of hate, caps, &3. Hint Finisherw’ Union, No. 11 Patk tow, opposite the Astor House. Prices $4 and $3. unday Boat to New Rochelle sce steamboat Mazcppa’s advertisement in another column. Sunday Excursion. The Steamer Thomas E HULSE makes her usual trip to-morrow to N and intermediate places, leaving pier foot of Jay s' Tq o'elook A. Me $15 Only for a Beautifnt Homestead, and only two daye left to secnre it.—We call the attention of every reader of our paper to the advortissment of CHAS. OOD, 208 Broadway, headed ** Onl; Daye Left ,"” snd we advise all to go this day, and ti New Mustc.—Just Published, by Horace Waters, 333 Brendway, “St. Nicholas Schottish,” by T. Franklin Bassford, with a benutiful illnstrated lithograph of the hotel; “Pride Schottish,”’ by Fred. W. Brower, whieh has also # splendid lithograph tule are Rourd Thee,” by 'f. “Franklin Bi Leave my Mountain Cot,” by Fred. two named are very benutifal song: in Secondhand Planos —Ho- , 383 Broadway, publisher of music aud dealer in musical inetrumonts of ail binds, has just teoulvor fen secondhand visnos, Boston and Now Zork make ot the following prices, viz.:— W), and $100, $110, $130, . $140, $100, $160, and $i75, nll of which are Naren In verb ‘ti Where tie sh3s 3 inches, Brooks’ motto hy far, ‘Tis, » ever let boots or shoes pinet at al But let them; in fashion, style, (abrio, and make, Te #0 good, that the‘ shine” cut of all ethers they take, E. A. Books, Fashronanie Voruwainer, 150 Folton street, and 76 Broadway, the cheapest places in thy ity to get good boots, shoes, anid gaiters, of evory desorip- 1 Light Summer Snocs und Galters.—Wat- KINS, 114 Fulton street, has on hand a superior assortment of fine thin itahl made in t & prov ould give bim ae by, 1, It is Every Man’s Concern to Endeavor to have his orders excouted satisfactorily and punctually, and itis the epecial aim oi GREEN, No. 1 Astor Honse, to fit ith irts a6 cannot be surpasrod in the T to let the hour of porformance la; behind wo his promises. Plague wth Shiits that Wont Fit, the Man of fashion isin despair Let us whieper in hisear that AGATE, 20) Broadway, makes an article ealied the Corazza Shirt. ia non amon. bis clogant display of eri rom the firat French ho nt in the oity. i Solipsos ovury other Attention of Cltl-- gene and strangers is invited to ovr splendid stock of mourn- dng foods, which we are offering ut greatly reduoed BaRTHOLOMEW & WEED, Mourning store, No. 551 Broadway, between St, Nicholas and Metropolitan Hotels, Ready made Summer Clothing at 380 Brond= way.—We are now solling the balance of our summer #tock of 600 conte from $1 25 up, 1,000 pair of pants from $1 up, and 8,000 vests from $I up, ail of the latest styles. Call Leforo purchasing elsewhere. ph iat Klegant &rench Weading Cards.—The sub- soriber respectfully calle the attension of partios requiring something truly elegant to hi+ beantifal stylo of silver Lor dered und plain French porosiain atlas waveiy yaa, au ding boxes, ta the latert mode. KVERDELL, 92 Broad- 'Y, corner oi Duane street, Mourning Goods—The