The New York Herald Newspaper, July 7, 1853, Page 4

NEW JauME YO RK HERALD. G ORDON BENNETY, FRO" PRIETOR 4XD EDITOR. QzvICE ¥.¥-© euwnn OF FULTON AND NASSAU BTS. —— — Vorame XY ny —<——— AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, sown corern Y THEATRE, Bowery—Lasr Surr-—Tae Wax manne fore No. BRO AWAY THEATRE, Brosdway—Suanvy Macuine W'S! 3b Our ov Prace—lninn AssuRANCE, WF MB.0's, Broedway—Koaa—Baovr. “f AL THEATRE, Chatham strect— Tux Ra Prox- » Ae 33 Puanvow Bawaxracr. fternoom—His Last Laos— MUSEU! Ena meme et Heaats anv Wives. awn Turon. Evening: MADISON AVENUB—Afterncon aud Evening—Faan- , @ens’s CoLorsa. HirropRome. — OHRISTY’S OPERA HOUSE, 472 Brosdway—Ermorran Maxrovies wy Cuaisty’s Orewa Taovrr. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musical Hall, ¢44 Brosd- way Erworian Minstxeusy. BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOUSE—Bvexier’s Evmoriax Orr, Tuovrs. GEORA MA, 59 Broadway—Bamvann’s Paxonawa or wen HoLy Lanp. New York, Thurslay, July 7, 1853. The News. The general features of the European intelligence ‘rought by the steamship America are very interest- ‘ing, as will be seen on reference to. the comprehen- sive synopsis furnished by telegraph. The news with regard to the Russo-Turkish difficulty is not, ‘by any means, ascledr as could be desired—never- ‘theless, appearances favor the continuance of peace, and this, too, in face of the prompt and formal re- jection by the Sultan of the Czar’s last ultimatum. Russia, perhaps, would proceed to occupy the Danubian provinces, and the English and French fleets might enter the Dardanelles, after which Austria would -probably step forward with anoffer of mediation, which would be gladly accepted by all parties. The accounts from China are most singular and unsatisfactory. The English at Shang- hai were ina great state of trepidation, and had adopted strong measures for self-preservation. The Americans, who manifested no symptoms of alarm, ‘were accused of lending assistance to the imperial forces. The general and political news from the continent of Europe, though very interesting, is of ge varied a character that we have neither time nor oom to refer to it more particularly to-day. There had been a decided improvement in cotton at Liver- pool, but breadstuffs had gone down in consequence ‘of the favorable reports from the agricultural districts. Members of the Legislature appear to have been very scarce in Albany yesterday. The Senate could @o nothing for want of a quorum, and the As- wembly was unable to transact any business in the forenoon for the same reason. In the after- moon barely a sufficient number of members made their appearance to legalize proceeding to business. Immediately after the reading of the journal of Friday’s procedings, a barnburner from St. Lawrence, moved to expunge so much of the mi- mutes as related to the election of Russell Smith, a hunker, from this city, as Speaker pro tem. This led toa very amusing debate between the rival fac- tions of the democratic party. Finally, the motion was carried, and then the House adjourned, having actually “done nothing but undo what they did” last Friday. This is legislation in the great State of New York two days after the Fourth of July. From Rochester we have a brief sketch of the proceedings of the National Convention of Colored People, which convened in that place yesterday. Over one hundred delegates from all parts of the country, are said to have been in attendance. The most singular part of the affair is that there was not a@ white man, or a strong-minded woman among the party—it wasan exclusively colored arranegment al- ‘together. After mentioning what was done in the course of the day, the telegraphic account winds up with the curious remark that the “ deliberations ‘were earnest, and occasionally boisterous.” Our columns to-day contain some additional and very interesting information relative to the manner im which the people celebrated independence day in different parts of the country—embracing a graphic report of the entertainment given to some two thou- sand of the Sons of Portsmouth, at their birthplace in New Hampshire; the splendid oration delivered by Hon. Edward Everett, in Faneuil Hall; synopsis of Hon. Daniel 8. Dickinson's oration at Syracuse; the Ceremonies at Tarrytown; the Annual Election of ‘Officers of the &>r':ty of Cincinnati; the observance of the day by tl: : of this city, &e. Both branches «i tie Common Council last evev- ing transacted a large amount of rather important business, as will be seen by the official reports elsc- where. The movement in the Board of Alaermen with regard to the expected visit of General Pierce, will attract particular attention. Alderman Brisley offered a series of resolutions extending the hospi talities of the city to the President, and appropri- ating five thousand dollars to pay the expeuses of the entertainment.- After debate the resolutions were lost, for want of’a constitutional vote. Resolu- tions for a similar purpose were adopted by the Board of Assistants, with but two dissenting votes. A petition was presented by the Alderman of the Second ward, proposing that Beekmaa street shall be widened and cut through the Park into Park place, and through College place into Robinson street, thus ferming an uninter- rupted thoroughfare from river to river. Board of Assistant Aldermen adopted an ordi mance regulating the rates to be paid for licenses for railroad cars, viz., to and from points beyond the limits of the city, baggage and freight cars, $5 a year, and passenger cars $25. Cars exclusively need in the city shall pay $100 a year for each car, the car not to exceed thirty feet in length; and the penalty for each car running without its license shall be $50 for each day it sball be driven without gach license fee. Stephen Wilson and Thomas Wallis, two of the Tammany Hall rioters, were sentenced in the Court of General Sessions yesterday—the former to be im- prisoned in the penitentiary for six months, and the latter to be fined one hundred dollare. Their coun- sel gave notice that he would test the power of the Judge to ventence the defendants at a higher triba- mal, and, with the view of carrying out such inten tion, immediately proceeded to the Superior Court room, and applied for a writ of habeas corpus to Dring the prisoners before that Court. Judge Ed ‘wards granted the application, and made the writ returnable at ten o’clock this morning. His honor Judge Beebe, postponed the sentence of Isaac and J. B. Austin on account of a death in the family Patrick Mathews not appearing, his bail wae de. @lared forfeited by the clerk. Kiseane and Findley, two of the persons reeently on trial in Cincinnati, charged with extensive for geries, have been convicted; the former on the first count, and the latter onail. After the rendition the verdict, Findley escaped, but is reported ta have been recaptared on Tuesday morning. A telegraphic despatch from Os vego, states that another serious fire occurred in that place yesterday morving. The inhabitants are now impressed with the belief that they are infested by a gang of desper- ate incendiaries, who are endeavoring to destroy the entire place. Great excitement and uneasiness con sequently exists among al! classes, Mr. Burdett, a passenger on the Central railroad was severely injured at Syracuse, last Tuesday, by the detachment of the rear car, which was throw: Off the track in consequence of the switch being out of order. : Great consternation was produced among the villa wers of Canarsie, L. 1., last Tuesday, by the incursion wi a gang of rowdies, who most shamefully maltreated all the helpless old men, women and children, whom fhey could find. See the report in another column. foday's inside pages contain interesting news him Texag and Mexico; A Sallor’y Log of the The | Cruise of ‘the U. 8. Frigate San Jacinto; Important to Pensioners; Personal and Local Intelligence; Fi- nancial end Commercial, &<. ‘The Administration and Our Foreign Rela- tlens- Warm Work for Jaly. The adjustment of the manifold complexities ofour foreign relations is hot work for July. Yet, according to our telegraphic advices from Washington, our Premier is buckling to with \ the cool discretion and courage of an old cam- paigner. His late radically democratic mani- festoes against the gold lace and tinsel trappings, which have so long made our government agents over the water the jackdaws of the diplomatic circles of Europe, have fully prepared us for the most prodigious and astounding results in the settlement of our international difficulties with the various nations of the three-quarters of the globe. We say three-quarters, for we believe that with all the various nations and tribes of the continent of Africa, including the King of Dahomey, our long cherished relations of amity continue in full force tothisday. We have only, then. to liquidate our out-standing balances with the powers of Europe, Asia, and America; and we repeat, that in the mighty task of clos- ing up this comprehensive schedule of our inter- national affairs. Gov. Marcy is relied'upon to ful- fil our most sanguine expectations. The three subjects calling most imperiously for immediate action are, as we should classify them:— First—Onr relations with Mexico. Second—Our relations with Spain. Third—The Fishery question. But the Secretary of State, reversing this ar- rangement has thought proper to give the Fishery question the precedence. and perhaps he is right in doing so. We have heard again and again of the arming of our American fishing smacks, with the resolute intention of running within the prohibited marine league from the shore, at the risk of a fight with her Majesty’s cruizers. We have been duly admonished. on the other hand, that if these enterprising catchers of cod and mackerel attempt to poach within the line of demarcation. they will be seized. and confis- cated, according to law. Apprehensive, then, of the dangers of a collision over their cod and mackerel between the sons of liberty and the subjects of Victoria, our Premier may be acting wisely, in conjunction with th President and the Secretary of the Navy, in detailing several war steamers as a fleet of observation on the fishing grounds- The same danger confronted us last year, but was judiciously averted by a similar move- ment on the part of Mr. Fillmore, backed up with a decisive pronunciamento from our la- mented Webster, at Marshfield. Commodore Perry was thus enabled to turn the tide of hos- tilities into a pacific channel, and Wall street was finally quieted in an international ball at Halifax. Thus last year the bears were driven into their holes on the fishery question, and the bulls regained their ascendancy “on *Change.” But, as in the colonial days of Virginia, the Legislature once passed a resolution that ona given day in July the white settlers should crganise and turn out in a general battue against the Indians, the same as they did the year before. so now again are we threatened with the same war between our Yankee fisher- men and the chips of war of John Bull, along the cod-abounding shores of Nova Scotia, which menaced us about this time last July. Yet we know that Commodore Shubrick may be re- lied upon for his gallantry ; and instead of a fight, we. therefore, anticipate the restoration of the entente cordiale in another dance at Halifax. But whérein our Commodore may fail, we doubt not Her Majesty’s Minister at Washington, in his mission of peace to the seat of war, will be as successful in averting the ultima ratio regum as he was with Mr. Webster a year ago. Indeed we are promised that before the expiration, probably, of the dog days. we shal not only have an armistice for the sea- son, but a definitive treaty of peace “upon the Fillmore basis,’ if we can get nothing more comprehensive. Here, then, we close up the fishery question —first in a frieudly dance between the British and American naval officers, on the one part, and the ladies of Halifax on the other; the whole to conclude with a definitive treaty on the return of Mr. Crampton to Washington. The next question. then, following the order of classification of Secretary Marey. is most likely the chapter of our relations with Spain, the whole of which may be summed up in one word —Cuba. This is a mighty delicate and complex piece of business. It is so inexplicably mixed up with the question of the African slave trade— the British emancipation system—with the de- signs ot Santa Anna. and with the apparently well founded reports of a contemplated alliance, offensive and defensive, between Spain and Mexico, to say nothing of England and France; and it isso interwoven with cotton and sugar, and the balance of navel and commercial power on this continent, that God only knows whether the trouble will end with an affair of honor be- tween Gen. Canedo and the Earl of Carlisle, or in a demand upon Gen. Pierce for the ‘surren- der of the editor of the New York Herarn to Senta Anna are Pavolved in mystery. He may be paving the wrsy for the proclamation of an empire—he may" be preparing for the transfer ofthe republic. to its ancient allegiance as a dependency f Spain. All that we know is, that his enmity to the United States of the North is not appeased—that he is upon a very suspicious footing of military and naval co- operation with General Canedo; and that he is solemnly pledged not to surrender another square inch of the sacred soil of Mexico to “ the atrocious Yankees.” But General Almonte, his mihister, has arrived at Washington. He may be the messenger of peace, or the emissary of war. He has yet to open his budget of grievances, and we must be content to give the Premier the first hearing. The late inter- national fandango, got up by Gov. Trias, in honor of our commanding officer at E) Paso, near the dispute territory, may bea harbinger of peace; but Almonte, on a previous occasion like this retarned home, the herald of a casus belii, and the war of ’46 ensued. To conclude. While we think we can foresee the pacification of the fishery question in another brilliant ball at Halifax, and in a treaty, our relations with Spain, Cuba, and Mexico are darkly involved in clouds, with occasional flashes of lightning, and a rolling sound, like that of distant thunder along the horizon. It is with Secretary Marcy to secure us peace, or to plunge us headlong into a general war. Let him stand fast to the Monroe doctrine and “ manifest destiny,” and God defend the right. Our Premier has a fine field before him. He may win a new pair of breeches, or he may lose his old ones, patch and all. The world awaits the final issue. The fishery question lies ina genial latitude for the season; but Spain and Mexico are hot work for July. It is peace or war. The democratic party count upon a bold, positive, American policy in our foreign affairs, by Gen, Pierce. He has promised it, and we may expect it at all hazards. We are on the very verge of perhaps the greatest events of the age. The Negre Convention—Prevalence of Con- ventions. A convention of negroes and gentlemen of color assembled yesterday at Rochester, for the purpose of taking into consideration the state of tle country, and the condition of the world’s prospects in general. Suggestions and counsels of the highest practical value will doubtless emanate from the deliberations of so august a body. We may fairly expect that most of the vexed questions of our internal politics will be definitely settled by the assembled councillors, that the various platforms of the democratic, whig, and freesoil parties will be thoroughly sifted. and new light shed on many points which have hitherto baffled the eyes of our statesmen. But the wisdom of the black convention will not’ probably be pent up in so narrow a field as that of American politics. Europe, Asia and Africa havea claim on their atten- tion. Ifthe President of Liberia will await the result of their proceedings with anxious soli- citude, we may feel tolerably sure that the Earl of Carlisle and Lord Shaftesbury are not indif- ferent to the vote of those in whose cause they are spending their eloquence, their money, and their time. Who knows but even the Czar, as the first slave owner in Europe, is at this mo- ment trembling on his throne, lest the news- papers should bring him tidings of a direct cen- sure from theconvention which met yesterday? Napoleon, standing on Egyptian soil, and dreaming of a destiny not second to that of any conqueror of ancient times, raised the mar- tial valor of his troops to boiling pitch with the simple words, “Soldiers, from the summit of those pyramids forty centuries are looking down upon you!” With equal apropos, and possibly with equal success, may we say to the dusky orators and committce- men, who meet in solemn conclave at Roches- ter, “Negroes, from every hill and every val- ley, in every quarter of the globe, forty-two centuries are watching you, and listening ea- gerly for the revelation of the plan which is to reverse the curse of Canaan, and raise the sons of Ham to an equality with the descendants of them and Japheth! If any of you have aught to say, to remove from us and from you, the in- conveniences of our relative position, in God’s name let him say it out. and the whole civilized world will lend him their ears.” It is not for us to prejudge the convention, and decide whether anything will really be said, from which either the negroes or ourselves will derive practical benefit. A few days pa- tience will enable us to selve the problem with more certainty, and less chance of injustice. Meanwhile, it will suffice to observe, that the mere fact of a convention of negroes being pub- licly announced and heldin one of the most populous cities of these Northern States. is no evidence of increased tenacity of purpose, or maturity of design on their part. The bare fact is not, as some might suppose, indicative of any change in the views or condition of free negroes, and cannot be regarded as the prognostic of any movement on whieh it would behoove us to keep wateh. There was a time. indeed, when a convention ot delegates from the various sections of a the Spanish authorities. to be tried and pun- ished according to the laws of Spain and Cuba; or ina grand fillibustering descent of ten thou- sand men from our Southern coasis to the libe- ration of “the ever faithful island” The last event is the most probable of the three. and its prevention or fulfilment will depend very much upon the policy of Spain. We have been warned by the newspaper or- gans of that government in Madrid and Ha- vana, thet Mr. Soule may calculate upon the same ultimatum from the Spanish cabinet that Sir Henry Bulwer was cerved with a few yc ago, that is to say, he may count upon being sent back home again with a flea in his ear. We can only wait the event, if so it is to be. Certainly the honors tendered té Mr. Soule in this city, the other night, by young Cuba and young America.are not adapted to soften the edge of the similar compliments paid him on the night of his nomination at Washington. But as he goes out unde ie prestige of our unbroken faith with Spain through several tr tations, as he goes the represen good faith and of the inaugural addr he will be charged with certain specific tions perfectly consistent with every obligation of international honor, we adhere to our first jon. that he will be graciously received We think so, because it is so self-evidently the true policy of Spain. His rejection may be dangerows, it can certainly do no good; his reception, on the other hand, may eventuate in the most friendly and advantageous arrange- ments between the two governments. Another month will end our suspense, for we understand that Mr. Soule withia a few days will set sail for his olicin) destinetion. | Mexico is in p bad way. The intentions 0; country was a momentous and significative eyent. It resembled the dark clouds which gather from the horizon to the zenith before a thunderstorm. People watched the minutes of proceedings, in mute expectation of the thun- derclap which was to announce the first burst of the tempest. Then all was dismay among the people. Rulers blanched on their seats, lest demagogueiem should prevail. Men of property quailed as the convulsion drew nigh. Those whose worldly goods were comprised within the cavity of their skull, chafed at the tardiness of the leaders, and steeled their hearts and d their nerves for the coming encoun- ter. § were the conventions which at va- rious times decided the fate of England. Such was the memorable convention which inaugu- rated its first sitting by proclaiming the ebolition of monarchy in France, on 2lst September, 1792. Sueh, in fine, was the glorious conven- tion which left us as a legacy that declaration to which we owe the foundation of our liberty: our power. and our prosperity. This class of conventions mist n bered with the past. The once tex has been nanrped and profane y with its sound has engendered indifference and contempt. Parties of every hue and shade, echiems of every stripe, sects of every. com- plexion, and heresiarchs of every character, have held conventions, and under cover of the name have songht vainly enough, in most cases, to raise themselves to an importance to which they eould not otherwise have pretended. Within the past few weeks we have had at least adozen euch. Free democratic State conven- tions have been held in Ilinois, Wisconsin, and judiena, and doubtless much good has reculted thesefrcm to the people of those States, aud the w be num- democratic party especially. A clase of people who call themselves ‘“‘working-men,” to avoid the odium attached to their real name of com- munists, and who start with the announcement that “all men are created equal,” including of course men of talent and idiots, have held a convention at Wilmington, Delaware, in which several very admirable and comprehensive plans for regenerating mankind, were probably discussed. On the same day the ‘New York ladies, who are—the dear creatures—the best dancers and the neatest “dressers” in the world, tortured their sweet faces over rules and resolutions at a Woman’s State Temperance Convention at Rochester, at which the “bowl” was “wreathed” with nettles instead of flow- ers, and a formal sentence ot divorce between the old couple “women and wine” was duly pronounced. This was followed by a similar convention, at which the use of “inexpressi- bles” was not a ground of exclusion; it was, in fact, the sixth annual convention of the New York State Temperance Society. Fol- lowing these two comes, on the 6th ‘of September next, a World’s Temperance Con- vention, at which all those who are disposed to curtail the enjoyments of life. and tyrannize over their neighbors, are respectfully invited to ‘be present. Tyrants from all quarters of the globe will be welcome; neither race, nor color, nor antecedents are a ground of objection; the only qualification required is that each delegate thould solemnly aver his desire to violate the natural rights of his fellow men, and set up his mode of thinking as a universal standard. In ; Toper proximity to this convention, we shal] ave another at Cleveland, Ohio. for the discus- sion of woman’s rights. At this latter, formal yrotests will be entered in the sight of heaven gainst all two-legged animals who attribute to themselves the exclusive enjoyment of pants; and the universal adaptability of the garment will be eloquently proven. It will be shown that women were intended to be blacksmiths and stage drivers; that they are admirably suited for the police force. and that the monopoly of the bar, the pulpit, and the scalpel by men is an unjustifiable usurpation. These are but a few of the conventions which have met, or will meet, during the year. Clergymen and anti- Bible men, doctors and editors, politicians and place-hunters, merchants and mechanics, all have had, or will have, their solemn conventions, On the whole, the practice is a good one. Though the term has been stript of its terrors, and the great bulk of the conventions adjourn without adding a mite to the jepository of human knowledge, some few do earn a title to gratitude, and achieve what would have been impossible feats for the members to perform sin- gly. They are, in short, a practical illustration of the old adage about a “multitude of counsel- lors.” As such, we regard them as one of those customs which are eminently sensible and pecu- liar to this country. AcricuLturaAL Fairs.—The season of agri- cultural fairs is close at hand. Several are already announced in the papers, and others will follow until the first frosts of winter ter- minate the farming year. State fairs in Indi- ana, Vermont, Kentucky, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Michigan, will be held during September; and Wisconsin and other States will follow snit during the early purtiua of Ov- tober. Throughout this great country farmers are looking anxiously to their crops and their cattle, and counting beforehand the prizes which it will go hard if they do not win. Tall corn, and fat barley—mammoth pumpkins, and succulent apples—antediluvian cabbages, and monstrous turnips—are pointed out to neighbors with a defiant smile. Horses that can draw anything short of a two-story house —cows, such as Paul Potter sketched in the corner of his autumn pieces—pigs groaning under such huge layers of fat that locomotion isa torture, and a steady walk impossible— poultry of all grades and hues—geese, ducks, fowls, and, above all, pompous turkeys—have risen into an importance for which the animals themeelves are probably at a loss to account. Focd is strewed before them, in unusual profu- sion. A judicious superintendence is exercised over their diet, and their creature comforts are an object of anxious solicitude. For at our agricultural shows the welfare of the animals exhibited is as essential to success as the de- velopement of their size, strength or physical properties. No laurels are to be won by tor- turing dumb creatures with a view to giving them an abnormal appearance. We have no poultry breeders who nail a goose by the feet to a board within a few inches of a scorching fire, cram it with food and deprive it of water, in order that its diseased liver may swell to an inordinate size, and be served up as a special luxury in a paté de foie gras. Such devices would not be likely to be appreciated by the judges at our agricultural fairs; nor indeed. can they fail to excite the utter disgust of every man who is neither a savage nor a gourmand. With us the test of merit is the successful ap- plication of nature’s rules, and the develop- ment of her resources. Her laws cannot be violated with impunity. To foster and encour- age the prolific character of the soil. so that every seed may germinate—to tend and educate cattle. so that every quality they possess may be cultivated tothe highest degree—to promote their health and well-being, in order to enable them to fulfil their destiny of becoming whole- some luman food—such are the first duties of our farmers. With what fidelity, and conse- quently with what success. they have been dis- charged. is the onby inquiry the agricultural judges have to make, and the answer to that inquiry is the only basis on which prizes can be awarded, These shows and fairs have been in truth the real instruments by which agriculture has been raised to its present degree of perfection. We can discover, in the history of agriculture, two progressive scales which have steadily kept pece with each other. The one is the soci record of farmers; the other the annals of fu ing. The one begins with a solitary husband- man, living in a rude hut, and steadily refusing to hold communication or iatercourse with his neighbors. The other paints the same man delving the earth with his solitary implement— misshapen tool, of wood, iron or stone, hall between a hoe and a spade, A liltle further on we find the farmer slightly humanized, but still too jealous of his neighbor to suffer an in- spection of his toils. At this stage, the spade has assumed a more convenieut shape, a orthodox hoe has set up an ine ness. Next we find a market este farmers meeting on stated days talking honest bluntness of their craft, comparing notes, and betting buehela of corn on the rela- tive yield of- their fields. This is a great step, and accordingly. our agricultural record tells of ploughs, harrows and tiails; we tind manure gxtensively employed; and some rade aotion of } ie ee OEE OED ei ee on EY oa the treatment of soils glimmers. Many years elapse without eny material change; but come day (in 1787 as nearly as can be guessed) it is proposed that instead of John bet- ting a peck of meal with Thomas, and Peter a load of hay with Paul, they shall all contribute something to a general and the best man shall win thelump, The idea isa hit, Everybody enters his name, and the first agri- cultural society is formed. Now, we find in the record learned discussions on the mode of treat- ing earths, and ingenious improvements in tools. Snooks, who won the first prize, is invaded by his neighbors, and his process of working his farm carefully studied. Next year there is ob- vious progress, Ideas are borrowed on every side, and added to the general stock for the common benefit. The example is followed by the neighboring village, and gradually extends to the whole country. Then local jealousies and not unmanly emulation provoke a challenge from one village or settlement to another; and so begin county agricultural fairs. Practical agriculture receives a fresh stimulus. Jackson county then puts its farms against those of Thomson county, and the whole country is drawn into the contest. Hence the first national agricultural show. At this stage the record shows us the astute application of science to agriculture. Botany, chemistry, mechanics, hydraulics, and almost every branch of physics are brought to bear on the subject. Chairs of agriculture are established in colleges, and men of letters and education do not disdain to study the plough. We are approaching the end of our tale. A prince suggests a gen- eral sweepstakes between all the producers and manufacturers of the world. The idea is enthusiastically adopted, and triumphant- ly executed. Imitations spring up in half a@ dozen places at once. Territorial distinc- tions are effaced, and national jealousies laid aside. World’s Fairs are the order of the day. Here, space and words would fail us, were we to attempt a description of the state of agricul- ture. Those who can recollect what a farm was only forty years ago, and will compare it with its live stock, implements and machinery, to one of our model farms of to-day, will readily un- derstand our silence, An interesting history, that of the farm—from the first solitary tenant of some shady dell, to the proud contributor to the World’s Fair. It remains to be written. The task will obviously devolve upon an American, Te Fourra or Juty at Porrsqoury.—We devote a large portion of our space to-day to a report from our special correspondent at Ports- mouth, giving an account of the celebration of the Fourth of July in that old and beautiful city. The occasion was one of more than usual interest, from the fact that a general invitation had been extended to all her sons who had emi- grated to this city, Boston, and other parts of the Union within the last ten or twenty years. About thousand of her native and adopted children returned to spend the day amid tfle scenes of their childhood, and join with their relatives and friends in the general rejoicing and festivities incident to the occasion. They were received by the Mayor and Common Coun- cil, as the guests of the city; and during their visit were treated with a hospitality which shows that the people of New Hampshire, ma- terial as they may be considered, are generous with their means, and know how to treat their friends. The men of Portsmouth have always been true hearted and sincere, and their charac- ter for self devotion to their country has been proved on many a well fought field. The wo- men are as fair as the most beautiful daughters of the republic, as accomplished and pure minded. Altogether we know of no city in the Union which, in proportion to its size and popu- lation, can surpass Portsmouth. Pi fi WREST Ta a Talk on ‘Change. The result of the foreign news by the America at Hali- fax was known on ’Change, as far as cotton and bread- stuffs were concerned, and that the prospects of peace continued to prevail. Taking the improvement of cotton as an index, this peace news was likely to have some duration. and would probably endure for a steamer or two at least. But where, it was asked, was the astounding China news? Why had the Halifax despatch failed to make the slightest reference to it? How came on the rebels? Had they captured Nankin, or had the Government de- feated them? Had Shanghae been abandoned? These were important queries to tea houses, and the telegraph ought to bave communicated something on the subject, one way orother. Many lfouses here had doubted the whole previous story. They did not believe that the rebels had been defeated, neither did they believe that Shanghae had been abandoned. It was hoped that the telegraph would finish up the news in time for this mor- ning’s paper. There was not time allowed for the effects of the news to be developed. The chief sales were made before the arrival of the America was known, which incladed 1,000 bales ef cotton, without change in prices. Flour was tolerably active at old rates. Western wheat sold about two cents per bushel decline. Corn was also somewhat less buoyant. A gentleman marvelled that the Postmaster Genera! should have required, or authorized, Mr, Nesbitt, to place his stamp upon the flaps of the new envelopes, without whore permission he could not remove it. Tt was stated by receivers of flour from some of the Oswego mills, burnt on the Sth inst., that two of them, viz., Fitzhugh & Littlejohn’s, and Doolittle & Co.’s, pro- doced about 1,500 barrels of flour daily. The stock of whest reported to have been burnt in the mills was ex- aggerated. The elevators held the heaviest stocks, much of which it was believed belonged to Canadian holders. Amorg insurance offices, the losses were supposed to be pretty well scattered. Those offices whieh had agencies at Oswego, it wae supposed, had suffered most. Among there were the Hartford, and also the Home and Howard of this city. The movement of the President, in sending vessels of war to the fishing banka, wan perbaps all right, as the le- gitimate protection of American fishermen was concerned. And were those in command of the squadron to pursae the eame judicious course pursued by C.mmodere Perry in the Miseisippi leet year, no serious disturbance would likely result to either party, It was raid that a rplendid new ship had been built by Jacob Westervelt, Erq., for Messrs. Spofford & Tileston’s Patriotic Liverjool Line of Packets, She is to be called the Calhoun, the Web:ter haviog been already Inunched, and the Clay was to follow next. The Calhoun is to bo Jeunched frem Mr. Weptervelt’s ebipyard next Saturday, at twelve o'clock precively. She is about 2,500 tons, ear. penter’s measurement, and will carry about 2000 tons freight, including measurement gocds, and eonfortavly accommodate about ene thousend passengers She ts 210 feot long, 43 feet beaw, and 294 feet hold. Late row: Mayaaues, P. R —By the bark Mariel, Capt Colson, from Mayaguez June 26, we Jearn that an wansual quantity of rain bad fallen of late, ro much so that many of the planters found it imposible to get the cane from tho fields, and io consequenee bad ctopped g Mariel returned to this port with half a vessels bad left !n bailast, and others would d the rame Police Intetgenee, THE LATE KIOTERS IN THE NINTH WARD. ay took farther evidence sgainst 1 of aMdavita made by the police ren, whieh eorioborate the testimony of the witnesses who were examined on Tuastay. Twenty-two of the Hotere are now positively identified as havieg teken an aétive part in the éisturbance. Many of the oitizens rerident in the vielnity ef the riot, who witnessed the fight, appeared yesterday before the court, and informed a art thet they wanld give their evidence when HOO Uy eue eI te mil prorauiing baie ‘ tev ce of sume of kbem, merely as addiiomal cor IU wUve wenimuony, Tt affords us great pleasure to announce the fact that the President of the United States will be present at the opening of the great Exhibition. The folowing letter was yesterday received from him by his Honor Mayor Wostervelt:— Wasmineron, D.0., July 4, 1858, Gxyrixean—When, as s Committee ef “ the Board of Directors of the Association for the Exhibition ef the In- dustry of all Nations, in the City of New York,” you presented to me, in person, an invitation te be present at, the opening of that Exhibition, I promised, if consistent with my ideas of duty here, to returm an answer ef ace coptance. = Should my health be such as it is at present, nothing will, probably, prevent me from reaching your eity om the: evening of the 13th instant, With the highest respect, Your friend and obedient servant, (Signed) FRANK PIERCE, Hon. A, Westervelt, Chairman of Committee, New York: city. We are still in expectation of seing a Turkish collece tion at the great exhibition that is about to epen at the New York Crystal Palace During the visit of the agent of the Association, Colonel Hughes, in Londen, the Turk- ish Minister assured the United States Minister that the Sublime Porte had resolved to send products of the Otto- man Empire by a special war steamer to the exhibition of New York, and this resolution was notified to Mr. Budghek in London, and by him to the direstors at New York. Nothing to the contrary has yet been heard, and we have no doubt the Exhibition will be able to add to its catalogue the Ottoman contributions in a very short time. In regard to the Japanese contributions, Colone? Hughes, when at the Hague, succeded in making ar- rangements for sending over @ very respectable collec- tion of preduets and articles of curiosity from Japan, The collection would have been more full and complete: had the commissioner arrived two months earlier; but owing to the interposition of Prince Albert, » portion of it had been promised to the Dublin exhibition, The com- tributions which have been secured, however, are of much value, and will be regarded with great interest. They are to be brought over in Dutch sixty-gun ship of war, which is expected in New York during the present month, The Dutch government also manifests its in- terest in the exhibition by the appointment of a commia- sioner, ‘Nue10’s Garpex—MapaMe TaLion’s REAPPEARANCE. =e Madame Anna Thillon, so well and favorably known to the music loving and opera goivg portion of our community as'one of the most farcinating artistes who have graced our stage, commenced an engagement last evening at Niblo’s. The announcement of this lxdy’s re-appearance on the boards where she last year attained such brilliant | triumphs attracted one of the largest and most fashiona. ble audiences we have seen congregated there since she last made her congé to them. The ordinary seeommoda-- tions of the theatre were ixsufficient, and many ladies: were fain to content themselves with being able to get a glimpse of the stage. by standing on stools and ehsirs Provided for the occasion. The opera was the English version of the “Daughter of the Regiment;” and ag Madame Thillon tripped on the stege in her fascinating réle of * Marie the Vivandere ” she received a most fiat- tering and enthusiastic welcome. Her persenation and reading of this character are too well known'and apprecia- ted here to need any criticism. She was ably supported by Leech as Salpice and Hudson as Tonio. Madame Thil- lon’s company is to bring out in suceession a series of the most popular English operas. They play om Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays; the Ravel family performing on the alternate nights. Sentence of Two of the Tammany Hall Riote:s, COURT OF GENERAL SESSIONS. Before Judge Beebe. July 6.—This being the day set down for the sentexce of the Tammany Hai: Rioters, Issac Austin and others, the Court-room was crowded at an early hour by their various friends Afew momenta after the opering of the Court, the District Attorney moved for judgment, upon the prisoners, Iesac Austin. JchnS Austin, Sephen Wallis, avd Patrick Mathews, convicted of riot at Tam- many Hall. The clerk then called ‘he names of all the defendenta, with the exseption of the t«o Austins, Patrick Mathews ney specsttng, his recognizauces, James Irvin, were for- it Judge Beebe tben raid that the Qourt had received posirive information during morn- ing thet a sister of the Austins had died during he night; snd ss it would be very unpleasant or him to sentence the pners while their sister was lying cead, the Court were obliged to postpone the sentence of thore def 8 As for you, Wallis and Wilson, have you anything now to say why the sen- tence should not be parsed upon you? Stephen Wil-on then 10/6 avd said, that Alderman Barr as mistaken when he +wore that he saw the +peaber strike Mr Scbell That was all he had to say. Judge Beeve—The chsrge ayainst you is riot. Five of you were couvicted on that charge The tpjuries inflict- ed on Mr. Schell were of » very serious nature, indeed, ag he lay atthe point of death for some time. Alderman Barr swore positisely at the trial that the blow given to: Mr, Schell was inflicted by Wilson You were tried ona Wednesday, and would havg been rentenced on Satur- day, but the ether members of the eourt dissgreed with him as to the extent of punishment due to them. If the sentence had been Jett to his decision, he would have made i- more severe than the other members of the court decided upon. The sentence of the court, at tbat time would rule bim on the present ocea- sion. The sentence of the court eas then, and is now, that you, Stephen Wilson, be imprisoned in the peniten- tiary for six months. You, Thomas Wallis, it appears from the evidence, took ro very active part in the riot; but yeu were present The other mombers of the court. who, by law. were xbeent, Catermined only to fine you; but if [had my own course ‘I would imapeiooa you. Tae sentence of the court i» now, as it waa, that you be fined $100, and stend commitied nntil the fine is paid. His Honor hat carefully exemined the question whether he had, since the paxs+ge of the amended charter, the power to sentence prisoverg al who were tried pre- vious to the passage of tbe act and had come to the ecnelusion that he bad the right legally to sentesee the detendants in the case. He had uot prepared a written decision. but would do Fo at the earliest o, ity. Mr. Cochrane, counsel ‘or the defendants, gave notice that he would test the power ot bis Honor to sentence the defendants before o bigher tribanal. Therefore, it would be unnecessary for bis flonor to prepare a decision Fs tie aatjont; 4s it would give him a great deal of rouble The court then proceeded to transact farther business. SUPREME COURT—IN CHAMBERS. Before Hon. Judge Edwards. JuLy 6.—The People vs. Stephen Wilson and Thomas Wallace.—Immediately after Wilson and Ww allace being sentenced at the Sessions—the former to six months imprisonment, and the latter to ¢ fine of $100—Mr. John Cochrane appeared before Judge Edwards in the Supreme Court chambers, and aj plied for a writ of habeas corpus to bring the pri- soners before this court,on the grounds what the Judge at Sessions bad no jurisdiction, inasmuch as that the court before whom the accused parties were tried and convicted was now defunct, and that sitting without aldermen the Court of Sessions had no juris- diction inthe matter. The application was granted =the writ of habeas returnabie at ten o'clock on Thursday morning. We understand that Mr. Coch- rane applied to Judge Edwards at a little after nine o'clock, for a writ of prohibition to prevent the sen- tence of the Sersions being passed, but the Judge de- clined to interfere in that stage of the proceedings. Serlous Disturbance at Canarsie, L,I. THE VILLAGE INVADED BY KOWDI8S—DISREPUTABLE PROUEEDINGS, The most disgraceful proceedings were enacted in the town of Canarsie King’s county, on Tuesday the 5th fost. For atrocity and meanness they could hardly be equalled by any set of men short of savages. It Appears that on the 4th inst. two men went to Canarsie from East New ‘York to spend the day, one of them being accompanied by his wife Dovbdtless onder the isfluence of liqnor, one of the parties knocked down a man named A. Mathews without roy provocation sbatever, This occurred at the tavern where they stopped, end the cireumstance in- censed some of thove present, who attacked the aggres- sor; his companion interfering, they fell upon both and bent iinm severely, and, it is alleged, struck ihe wife of one of them, ‘og Out peveral of her teeth, The wen «wore vengeance, aud on the following day returned with two stage loads of Brooklynites for the ex- prces purpore of baviog revenge and threatencd to ship the whole town before they revurned, The small portion of thy inhabitants, numbering frome fifty to sixty, are ficherme i absert fom home, engaged a! their usual occupation, which was, kaown by the in- vader, avd they acted no» having hardly any end against #y reached the village they entered the bourses, ard in some places, where Clonar was preparing, took the vietualsaxd cast thew about the floor, One or two of the yar'y found an old way, » farmernamnd Jare- n inh Sek lelly vit ing upon bis yard fonce, whom Wey knock after beating bim in the wost gold wateh. The family imme ® physicmn to dress his wounds, whish engeroua All expostalations with the rowh ios appeared io vain—they sata they had come deter~ wined on ‘aking revenge. and nwore they would have ite ‘The next man they met wes Mr, Nicholas Scheack, brother to the former, whem they also knocked over: ard then meeting a little boy, bout fourteen years of axe, nawed William Jones, they beat hin scaudsloasly, Hie'fane wan knocked black and blue, and on bia bile © beaver van Moms Rs Ob VEUKI OM. Elbe LeCGh KeLiniw 6 anne 10 the Sheriff's offies in Brouklym yeutarday, aud truly sievented w yitiable appear anos, His cote Pere all As :oen a8