The New York Herald Newspaper, June 15, 1853, Page 4

nn ireern NEW YORK HERALD. (JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, SF#ICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. pice ges newlbget, etic TERMS cash in adeance. corwn. THE D LY HERA beer Sarda ys vs Zena foamy part of Great Britain, and "$0 to any part of si te ca TERT GORRESEONDENCE, containing impor- fant news solicited rd af the world ; will 5 Beroun Forricn CORRESHON- co, Neen eee auL® BEQUEETED FO ORAL ALL LET “NO NOTICE @ return those reyected. TIE mail for Subscriptions, or with Adver- sictmcnde to began pi. ofthe joutage tsb deducted ‘from - SOB PRINTING executed with neatners, cheapness, and OS FERTISEMENTS renewed ever dav. No. 165 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING BOWERY THEATRE Bowery—Wonorervi Wouax— Moss iy Catironsia—Wuw Waren BROADWAY THEATRE. Brosdway—Tax Rivare— Ave reat Gurrrens i sor GOLD, WIBLO’S, Broadway-Sue Sroors ro Coxquan—Tue MILL wis. NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham streot—Pappy rue Prea—Goow yor Noruixe—Linenick Bor~Lorreay ‘Tioxer. BT. CHARLES THEATRE, Bo -Afternoon—LovEe )wory—; a Homece Live—Bioomen’s Riants. Bveniag~Was- weaixc Boys—Jumvo Jum—Brioomen's Recuts. AMERICAN MUSEUM- Afterneon sndEvening—Hrre Va» Srincacen - Mare: Los. WASHINGTON CIRCUS—Corner of Twonty-ninth wtrost and Sixth avenue. CHRISTY’S OPERA BO! ims BY CHARITY'S ‘WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musical Hall, 444 Broad- way—Erwiorian MinsTaeisr. , MADISON AVENUE—Afternoon and Evoning—Fean- womr's Covossal Hirropnome. GEORAMA, 586 Broadway—Banvann’s Pawonaua oF wux Hour Lazy. OWENS ALPINE RAMBLES, 599 Broadway. CHINESE ROOMS—Naw Onueans Span apens. BYUYVESANT INSTITUTE—Sapewicx’s Crotcart amp QuavERs. New York, Wednesday, June 15, 1853. oe Malls for Europe. THE NEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. ‘We Cunard stvamship Arabia, Captain Judkins, will eave this port at 12 o'clock to-day, for Liverpool. Sabveriptions and advertisements for any edition of the Mw York Henap will be received at the following laces in Europe :— Lavsnroo:—John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street. onpox—Faward Sandford & Co., Cornhill. “+ Wm, Thomas &Co., No. 19 Gatherine strest. Bams—Livingston, Wells & Co., Rue de la Bourse. « B. H. Revoil, No. 17 Rue de la Banque. ‘The European mails will close at half past ten o’clook ‘Wiis morning. ‘The Weary Heeavp will be published at half past nine @elock this morning. Single copies, in wrappers, six- prnee. ‘The News. ‘The transactions in our State Legislature yester- @ay were mainly of a very important character. The Assembly unanimously adopted the compromise plan for amending the constitution in order to secure the completion of the public works, and the Senate, it is understood, will do the same to-day. The latter body spent the greater part of the day in de- bating the Maine Liquor bill, which eventually passed by seventeen to thirteen. Nine whigs and eight democrats voted in the affirmative, and six whigs and seven democrats in the negative. All the factions appear to have been completely splitto pieces on this question. On reference to both the yeas and mays, the reader will find the names of softs and hards, bunkers and barnburners, silver grays, and free soil whigs, intermixed in the most curious manner. Ac- cording to the speeches of some of the lawyers in the Senate, this bill, if it should become a law, would give their brethren a large amount of work ia the different courts of the State. Another great feature of the Senate’s proceedings was the passage, by a vote of seventeen to seven, of the bill incorporating the Atlantic and Pacifi: Railroad Company, after having been so amended as to allow two years for the laying down one hundred miles of the road. We earn from Texas that the gentlemen delegated by this company are busily engaged in exploring the country for the line of road through that State. The Assembly attempted to repass the Banking Basis bill, notwithstanding the veto of the Governor. It failed, by thirty-seven yeas to fifty-five nays. The bill for the construction of a ship canal around the Falls of Niagara was adopted. This measure, it is thought, will meet with strong opposition in the Senate. But what is just at this moment probably of as much importance to some of the office-seekers and holders in this neighborhood as either the settlement of the canal controversy or the adoption of the Maine law by the Senate, is the announcement that yester- day was perhaps the last executive day of the ses- sion; that the Governor sent in his nominations for Harbor Masters at this and other ports, for Marine Hospital Physician, &c.; but they went over, owing to an objection raised by Mr. Cooley to the immedi- ate confirmation of the Harbor Masters for Brooklyn. The body also refused to take up the nomination of Mr. Briggs as Superintendent of the Onondaga salt springs. Really, the signs are extremely unprop' tious for the aspirants to office; howeyer, it is just possible that Mr. Cooley will relent, and permit their almost expiring hopes to be realized jast before the final adjournment. Wee shall soon know. & Onur despatch from Washington observes that some amusing scenes occur in the course of the examina- tion of clerks in accordance with the act of Congress for the re-classification of those gentlemen in tl only topic of po- hington at present. ‘opal Convention as. | ¢ for th some plan for finishing the public works. No opposition to the resolution was offered nations appear to constitute th litical interest in Wi The annual Prot sembled in Providence, R. I., yesterday. That body will probably elect a Bishop to-day We elsewhere publish two letters from our Havana correspondents, together with much other late and very interesting intelligence from the island of Ca ba. Those engaged in the slave traffic appear to be reaping a bountiful harvest, now that the British cruisers have gone to look after the interests of the colonial fishermen. The landing of island is said to be of frequent occurrenc least entertaining feature of the news is the edito attack made upon this journal by the Diario de la Marina, which we have translated, and publish in fail. As the Spanish press law does not permit the publication of any article of a political character except by special consent, we may, of course, look upon this morceaux as emanating from the very head of the Cuban government. Advices f.om Buenos Ayres to the 24th of April, being three weeks later, represent affairs to be in as deplorable a condition as ever. All efforts at recon- ciliation had failed, and Urquiza was strenuously be- sieging the city by land, and threatened to do so by water. Martial law bad been declared in the city, all the public offices closed, and all able-bodied men notified to bear arms against the invaders. Pro- visions were becoming scarce, and from the prepa- rations making on both sides it was feared that the struggle would be unprecedented in the sanguinary history of South American warfare. Some very curious information respecting the pe culiar condition of affairs in Mexico has reached us by telegraph. Triangular fights between the sol iliersythe police and the citizens were of common occurrence at the capital. On the night of the 15th ult. the dead bodies of three soldiers were picked ur+ The papers state that the French Count, Raousset de Bovlbon, having done good service in fighting against the administration of the late Presider Arista, is coming back, and will be employed by the government. Several afidayits of considerable importance were | some tendered by both the prosecution and de- fence, in the Williamsburg millinery case, as will be seen by the interesting report in another column, ‘As the Court desired time to review this additional tecttimony, the seutence of the defendants was post” poned till Thursday afternoon. ‘Three buiklings were set on fire and entirely con- sumed by the explosion of a steam boiler in a coffee mill, in Boston, yesterday. ‘The last European advices are reported to have had no effect upon the New Orleans cotton market. The stock on hand in that port has dwindled down to one hundred and twelve thousand bales. Our inside pages to-day contain very interesting letters from London and Albany; Trial of Sasscer for the Murder of Miss Johnson in Washington; English View of the Norwalk Calamity; Official Report of the Common Council Proceedings; Financial, Com- mercial, Judicial, Theatrical, and Miscellaneous Intelligence, &c. The steamship Asia will be due today, with three days later news from Europe. ‘The Canal Question Settled—The Conspirators Defeatca—The People Triumphaat. The politicians have finally been compelled to adjust the canal difficulties. The force of public opinion, and nothing else, has driven them to it. Of their own free action they never would have taken the canals out of the political arena. Of their own accord they never would have moved a single step—adopted no method to complete these great State works. By their own desire, the canals would ever have beenkept a stalking horse for the use of future demagogues, as they have been for past and present ones, to obtain and retain power thereby. The people of this. the Empire State ofthe nation, should “ever pray,” in thankfulness, that a prospect is now presented of becoming, sooner or later, disbur- thened of this political incubus. During the last fifteen years, both parties have striven harder for the control of the canals than any other object. because with them a cordon of offi- cials would be established from this city to Lakes Erie, Ontario, Champlain, and through the valley of the Genesee, Black river, and other routes. whereby political power could be wielded through the instrumentality of the sub- ordinates. Indeed, ever since the adoption of the constitution in 1846, there has been no other prize worth fighting for in this State. The whigs, finding themselves in a rapid de- cline in 1851, went recklessly to work, and in- duced the Legislature, which Seward and Weed then held in their hands, to adopt a law nomi~ nally to finish the public works, but really to distribute ten or twenty millions to the parti- zans of that faith. It was one of the most mag- nificent schemes of public plunder ever con- cocted, and went far ahead of any Galphin- ism ever attempted in Washington. They went only by thousands, but the State Re- gency was bent upon millions of treasury plunder. The people. knowing that their constitutional rights had been invaded, caused a veto to be put on that law, and the entire whig fabric was demolished in an instant. In this emergency, Governor Hunt was implored to convene the Legislature of 1852, in order to perfect some measures of a constitutional cha- racter by which the canals could be completed. That functionary peremptorily refused to go any further. The Court of Appeals had decided against his measure, and he did not feel willing to recommend any other to the Legislature or the people ; and so he passed out of office, leav- ing the whole question in the hands of those who succeeded him. The democracy succeeded in electing Hora- tio Seymour, Governor, as a friend to a speedy completion of those works. All his antecedents were in his favor ; his father had been one of the first Commissioners under whom the canals were first constructed; his estates, inherited, lying on the line of the canal, have increased a thousand fold by the building of that work ; his residence upon its banks, his perfect knowledge of the necessity for enlargement. his public ad- dresses last October along the line of the canal, in the western part of the State, all contributed torender him a formidable candidate, and a supposed friend to an amendment of the con- stitution to accomplish that purpose. The peo- ple believed in his declarations of friendship for anamendment, as expressed before them, upon the stump and the hustings. He prepared his mes- sage under this conviction, and penned a clause recommending an amendment, as he had promis- ed. at Buffalo and other places, before election. But upon his arrival at Albany the press of the public printer was stopped. and that clause of the message stricken out. and the message ap- peared without any practical recommendation, » the great mortification of a large portion of own party, and the disappointment of the . Before election he was for an enla ment upon the most extended basis; but h message only required a deepening of the bed x inches, or, as Mr. Burroughs remarked, a “sweeping the bottom and tickling the sides” of the canal. The true friends of the canals being thu ceived by the exeenti took the matter in their own hands. The igs being powerless in all the departments, i ate and the House, remained as mere spectators. They 3 i for a movement of the waters. Accord- senator Cooley introduced a resolution for a joint committee of the two houses, purpose of presenting and agreeing upon in the Senate, almost unanimov and it passed that body , and was sent down to the House. It remained there upon the table seve- ral days unacted upon, though in consideration of the magnitude and importance of the subject, no one doubted of its passage. But when it was taken up, Mr. Loomis opened his batteries against it. A long debate ensued, and when the vote was finally taken. the proposition was rejected by the casting vote of William H. Lud- low, who had been elected Speaker of the House upon the pledge of his friends that he was a friend of the canals. This blow, together with the one previously given by Horatio Seymour, alarmed the canal men in the Legislature, and produced the greatest consternation in and out of that body. The Senate made no further ef fort. It was left for the Honse, now known to be in the keeping of doubtful men, to make the next movement. Mr. Loomis, chairman of the and means, and Mr. West of canals, in the course of time agreed upon a bill, and ran it through the House, known as the “ Tax and te, Toll bill.’ This was received in the Ser and treated with’ disdain, that body kno that the people would never submit to taxation of ten or fifteen millions to complete the canals. Then Mr. Vanderbilt proposed his amendment to the constitution, which the Se- nate adopted. It was sent to the House, and that hody, instead of adhering to, and insisting upon, its tax and toll bill, abandoned it, and also went in for an amendment of the consti- tution, known as the West plan. Now. look at the consistency of those men. When the law of 1851 was enacted, and while it was under discussion, those wiseacres pretended to be in favor of that method, provided the constitution could be so amended as to permit it. There was no voice against the canals, only against the law, as being unconstitutional. They, upon the first opportunity, adopt a law, so far as their power extended, directly taxing the people to raise the necessary funds; and when forced from this position by publie opinion, they pro- pose such an amendment to the constitution as they well know the people will never sanc- tion, and for which they Would not vote them- selves. Finding their bantling unceremoniously kicked out of the Senate, these huckstering po- liticians consent to a joint committee, as proposed by Senator Cooley in the first week of January last, which the Speaker then rejected; and after a conference of a few hours, back out of all their op- position, cave in, repudiate everything of their own, and take position equally upon the Van- derbilt platform for amending the constitution, so as to borrow two and a quarter millions a year it needed, fmish the entire work in the short space of four years, without a dollar oftaxation, and all by means of the surplus revenue, two- thirds of which will accumulate from tolls paid upon the transportation of freight coming from, and going to, other States. I. is perfectly evident that Loomis and the administration were opposed to any amendment by which the great work would be finished in the course of four or five years. The whole power of the government was brought against the measure. During the recess, the paper in Orleans county showed the mark of Lieutenant Governor Church in its columns, in opposition to opening the constitution. A day or two be- fore the special session commenced, the ear- mark of Comptroller Wright was detected and exposed in one of the “State papers” at Albany, containing columns of abuse heaped upon Senator Vanderbilt, for his efforts in attempting to finish the canals in a constitutional manner; and his ex- cellency himself brought the weight of his off- cial influence to bear, in a message which h2 thrust upon the Legislature, stating that if the matter had assumed that shape, he implored his friends to support the West plan for amend- ment. He also yielded his opinion as to tolling the railroad and taxing the people. From the truckling manner which the admi- nistration anda large party in the House of As- sembly have treated this subject ever since the first of January last, they have exhibited con- clusive evidence that they had not the least wish or desire to obey the mandate of the peo- ple. They wished to keep the canal question upon the political course ; they had succeeded in obtaining power by riding that hobby. The State officers circulated handbills all along the lines of the canals during the canvas, when they were in nomination for office, that they would faithfully execute the law of 1851. But no sooner were they installed in office, than they exhibited symptoms of falsifying their pledges. The present Governor, tog, tra- versed the tow path of the canals, and preach- ed into the ears of boatmen and forward- ers the imperious necessity of a speedy amendment of the constitution, so as to give them a canal of seven feet in depth and seventy teet in width. The people placed confidence in those assertions, and elected him governor—as a canal governor. His course. since his election, in associating with Loomis and the anti-canal faction, belies all his promises made in Oc- tober. Now that the constitution is to be amended. notwithstanding the mighty opposition which fhe measure has encountered, shall not the canals be completed within the time specified, and with the money contemplated? Shall any impediments be thrown in the way of a faith- ful exeeution of that great object? Shall the contrel of enlarging the Erie, and the comple- tion of the lateral canals. be in the hands of friends or enemies of the work? The people will say. now that provision is made and a plan agreed upon, the canals shall he finished accordingly. The strife has continued too long—demagogues have ridden into power too frequently. Let those have control of the work who have manifested a friendship for it. In se- lecting candidates for State officers and mem- bers of the Legislature, both parties must have an eye to this question, or they will be unmer- cifully swamped, Secretary Marcy on Diplomatic Untforms— ‘What of Our Foreign Relations t Our present premier is an “old fogy.” The fact is established. His official pronunciamen- tos upon diplomatic uniforms settle the ques- tion. He is a disciple of Ben Franklin. He so pro- claims himself. He urges the plain republican dress of Franklin, such as that, we presume, in which he appeared at the splendid court of Louis XVI., as the proper costume for our ministers abroad; a shad-bellied coat. very long waistcoat. white cravat, without a shirt- collar, short, tight breeches, blue yarn stock- ings, and low shoes with plain buckles. No moustaches, no whiskers, no goatees; no gold lace nor tinsel of any sort; no Cockney or Pari- sian pattern or cut of fashion; no japanned half- boots; no gold chains, no diamond breast pins, no flash waistcoats, no embroidered shirts ; no disgusting imitations of the diplomatic snobs of Europe; no stuff or nonsense or humbug of that sort, if you please, but everything, gentlemen, of the plain, unsophisticated, unostentatious democratie republican style and cut of good old Doctor Franklin. And all the country, from Dau to Beersheba, from Washington to Coney Island. says Amen! So mote it be! Such is the first grand diplomatic movement of Secretary Marcy. He begins his career by taking off the tinsel trappings of his subordi- nates abroad. If there is a jackdaw among them, let him be exposed. And all the country, from Cape Cod to California, will ery amen, And this is just the move which our diplomatic s might have expected. When our Pre- mier was Governor of this great commonwealth, he was not pariicular about a patch or so upon his trousers, provided the cost did not exceed fifty cents and he was indemnified hy the State. He was never a fancy man in his dress he has always despised such trifling inanities alwoys. Sle has had other fish totry. In fact, we are not aware of asingle case in which that thing of the tailor’s shop, called a dandy, hasever risen to the dignity of Secreta But as dandies have been heretofore. y have been lately, appointed as pleni s, or charges, or as their secretaries, ernor has thought fit to yead them a wholesome chapter of advice on gold lace and millinery in general, And all the country, from Communipaw to Point Isabel, will say amen, And what a contrast is here presented be- tween our government under General Pierce, co y of State, and that of France under Louis Napoleon! What @ contrast between the costly gewgaws and tasmagoria of the French Empire, and the sublime simplicities of our republican institu- tions! Blessed be the memory of good old Ben Franklin, the printer! Blesse@ be our Premier in making him the example for his fashionable successors in these degenerate days! And all the country, from Madawasca to Michillimacki- nac, willsay amen. So let it be! About the first official act of Louis Napoleon, after his memorable coup d’état, was a decree prescribing the costume of the members of his Senate and Corps Législatif. His description was so express and minute, including the gold lace, the buttons, the number of the buttons, the style of the buttons, and the button holes, and the cut of the coat tail, that an “ outsider” would have taken it for granted, till otherwise informed, that “the nephew of his uncle” had served a useful apprenticeship with a tail- leur. But mark the contrast between Napoleon the Third and Franklin Pierce—between the successor of the “Little Corporal,” and the representative of Old Hickory—and be- tween Cambaceres, the Imperial Minister, and Marcy, our Democratic Premier! ‘The first offi- cial act of the latter, by the authority of the President, is to take off the gilt edgings and pinchbeck trappings of his subordinates over the water. Yet Louis Napoleon appears to be getting along as successfully as General Pierce, It is the people, fellow-citizens—it is the people. The French are a fashionable, dash- ing. elegant, showy. magnificent, splendid, imperial people; while we, of these United States, are a practical, matter-of-fact, sub. stantial, go-ahead, enterprising and sovereign people—free and simple; but the proudest and mightiest people upon the round earth, Hence, while his imperial splendors give strength and solidity to the government of Louis Napoleon, it is the stern simplicity of Ben Franklin which is most essential to the success of our popular institutions, And we say, rather than suffer our Ministers abroad to ape the regal trappings of monarchy, pin them down to the plain American example of good old Ben Franklin—down to the very shoe- buckles. And, if we are not mistaken, all the people, from the hard shells of the Tammany coal-hole, to the Latter Day Saints at the Great Salt Lake, will say, Amen. Let Governor Marcy proceed, for his cause is good. Thus much upon our diplomatic uniforms. Having reduced his agents abroad to a proper degree of republican simplicity in the matter of dress, we shall now expect something more. The fishery question and Canadian recipro- city open a broad margin for the real diploma- tic abilities of our republican Premier. The af- fairs of Central America, even more imperious- ly, call for action, sagacity, firmness and diploma- tic skill, in order to resolve them into asatisfac- tory. simple, and comprehensive adjustment, upon that broad American basis which appreci- ates the magnitude of our position among the nations, our “ manifest destiny,” and our special obligations to our independent neighbors. And what of Mexico? In giving the precedence to old clothes over our critical relations with Mexico, are we to infer that our Premier is waiting the arrival of Almonte, before taking a single step in those general overtures for a lasting and substantial peace, which alone can prevent us from plunging into another war? And then, are there no unsettled balances to be adjusted with Spain in reference to Cuba? And is everything perfect- ly satisfactory between the Emperor of Hayti, the Dominicans, and the French? And is not our friend and faithful ally, King Kamehameha, of the Sandwich Islands, entitled to our protec- tion? And is our Premier not aware that there is a prospect of an early general military move- ment upon the northeastern flank of the Medi- terranean, and of a possible upheaving again of all the revolutionary elements of the continent? And have not the imperial Tartars of China a prospect of support from the Cossacks of Rus- sia? And only'think of the field for the most hospitable commercial negotiations with the vast and fertile but undeveloped States of South America ! In this comprehensive catalogue there would be work enough for the mighty genius of the great Napoleon himself; and we feel somewhat anxious, therefore, concerning our Prime Min- ister. In his circulars upon diplomatic uni- forms, however, we have intrinsic evidence that he feels calm and perfectly cool. He writes with the ease and dignity of a man who under- stands his prerogatives. Let us hope that upon the graver matters of solid negotiations with foreign powers he may as fully appreciate the extent of his responsibilities. And let him act without delay. And the great American peo- ple will say amen! So mote it be! Tue Connecticut RarLroap Accipent Law.— In holding up the action of the Connecticut Legielature as anexample to be followed by our representatives at Albany, we do not wish to be understood as endorsing every feature of the bill“ to prevent injuries and the destruc- tion of life upon railways, and by railroad trains,” recently introduced by Mr. Hyatt: Chairman of Committee. Many of its provi sions are, in our opinion, unnecessary and in jurious. Railroad accidents may be prevented without obiiging trains to come to a full stop before every draw or crossing; and the duty of keeping railroads and their appurtenances in good repair, need not be entrusted to State Commissioners, while the companies pay direc- tors and other officers for that very purpose. Such rules would only tend to check railway travelling, and to embarrass the managemen of railways. The real object to be obtained by a bill to prevent accidents. is to increase, not to lighten the responsibility of managers. Transicrring that responsibility froma board of private directors, toa Board of State Commis- sioners, offers no additional guarantee to the public, nor can we, in common justice, uphold the establishment of such a@ Star Chamber com- mission, as the Connecticut act contemplates, The most natural and simplest safeguard against accidents, can be secured by rendering it the vital interest of those who can prevent them to do so. By depriving directors of their powers, we necessarily diminish their responsi- bility, and diminish the interest they have in guarding vigilantly against accidents, If, on the contrary, we leave those powers in their natural extent, we are at full liberty to require at the hands of their possessors such dic ion in their use as will ensure the public safety. We can punish the want of such discretion by the severest chastisement the law allows. What more is needed ? We know, both from foreign and domestic ex- perience, that accidents need not occur, even on the most frequented lines. Where they do oc- cur they are inyariably the result of misman- agement or neglect. The whole problem, then, resolves itself into the simple question: How can we prevent railroad managers mismanaging, or neglecting their duties? It does appear to us a singular infatuation to seek an answer to this inquiry in complicated systems of {tyrannical supervision and State control. Why will the good old rule which renders every man liable for the consequences ofhis want of care and prudence, not cover the case? Ifa private individual kills or wounds another by negligence or carelessness, the law holds him re- sponsible, and a court of justice punishes him. Why cannot railway managers be dealt with in like manner? The only perceptible difference between the two cases is, that the negligence of the latter is likely to be far more destructive in its effects than that of the former. If John Brown carelessly leaves on his window sill a heavy hammer which falls and kills a passer-by, John Brown is arrested, tried, convicted, and punished for manslaughter; but if John Smith, president of a railway, omits to provide a pro- per signal at a drawbridge on his line, whereby a train of cara is thrown into the water and forty people are drowned, John Smith escapes with scarcely a few anathemas to disturb his equa- nimity. Wherein lies the distinction between the two? All that the public requires is a law which will impose on the directors and managers of a railway the same responsibility for their official acts as every man bears for his private acts. The infliction of a fine, payable to injured pas- sengers, or the relatives of passengers killed, has been generally advocated. We give in another place, some very sensible suggestions from an Englich paper on this subject. A fine would come out of the funds of the company. Inno- cent shareholders would contribute an equal share with negligent directors. The individual proportion of the latter would be small. These are objections of weight, What we want is not so much to punish companies, which are bodies incapable of committing offence, as to attach personal responsibility to indi- vidual men, who are the real offenders. This end. might possibly be attained by levy- ing the fines on the personal property of directors. But it is very questionable whe- ther the surer and simpler mode of overcoming the difficulty would not be to substitute im- prisonment for fines. This plan would derive a peculiar advantage from its tending to dis- courage the delegation of important duties to inexperienced subordinates. At present, the directors of a railway frequently live in entire ignorance of the mode in which itis managed. They trust to superintendents, who themselves trust to engineers and others under them. By enacting that the president and directors of a railroad company shall not only be bound to make full compensation, out of the company’s funds, for injuries received on their line, but shall be liable to a few months imprisonment when a clear case of negligence or mismanage- ment shall be made out against them, we shall take the most effective step for securing the safety of travellers, The commissioners under the Connecticut act would obviously be invested with powers that would conflict both with a sound policy of railway encouragement and natural principles of justice. It is contrary to the spirit of our institutions to suffer the State to control the business of any individual or private associa- tion. The most that it can dois to punish wrong doers. Under the Connecticut act the commissioners would be the real directors of all the railways in the State. At the same time, we should be glad to see the establishment of an office of railway in- spection in this State. An inspector might be appointed to examine and report at periodical intervals on the lines, bridges, culverts. cars, axles, and other property of every company in operation. A copy of a report should be furnished to the directors of each company; and it would be for them to effect the repairs he suggested, or not, as they thought fit. If any accident occurred through neglect of his warning, the jury empannelled to assess the da- mages, and the judge upon whom it would de- volve to award the penalty of imprisonment, would, of course, give due consideration to this aggravating circumstance. Talk on ’Change. Cotton continued heavy, with sales of about 600 bales. Breadstuifs were tolerably active, without change of mo- ment in prices, Freights were more inquired for, espe- cially to Liverpool, with fair shipments being made. Regret was expressed that the mails, hitherto trans- rorted by steamships betweemthis city and Charleston, were to bo dircontinued, and it was hoped that some measures might be adopted which would induce the Gene- ral Post Office department to restore it if practicable, It was aid a strong effort would be made to induce the Legislature to pass an act to establish a permanent water Tine around the city of New York, and t6 proxibit the extention of piers and docks beyond it. It was said that it was not a local question, but one in which the U, 8. government, as well as the people at large, was interested. If the harbor became obstructed by deposits of dirt, it might interfere with the passage of war vessels to and from the Navy Yard at Brooklyn, Scientific men had before examined into the danger to the harbor likely to result from the filling up of river piers, and had given their warning against it, It was believed that Professors Bache and Henry’s observations would confirm their opinicns. It was said that a company had purchased extensive flats on the Jersey shore, south of Jersey City, and claim- ed water rights nearly out to Bedlow’s ivland. They had proposed to build long piers and fill them up, having dock between them. The flats had been formed by de- porits of mud brought down by the Hudson river, the water forming a sortof eddy over the fists, had caused the sediment to rettie on them. It was feared that should these flats be filled up, the usual deposits would be made somewhere else, to the detriment of the harbor. Should this prove true, in the opinion of scientific men, it would bea suitable case for the interference or actioa of Con- grers. Capt. Williamson's grant for the navigation of the Amazon tiyer, obtained from the action of the Brazilian and Bolivian governments, was considerea rmportany, and should gold or silver mines of yalue be discovered on its shores, they would very soon open up an activo trade on that great river and its tributaries. A good deal would depend upon the practical exploration of the coun- try and its resources accessible to steamboat navigation, It was believed that the Pacific Railroad Company, just chartered by the Legislature, would have no difiiculty in cowplying with its requirements, as the bill allows tao yenre for the completion of the first hundred miles, If a railroad was bnilt at an enrly day to the Pa- cific, it would have to be done by the ente-prize of private individuals. The United States could do nothing more than survey the most feasible routes, and aid, by donations of lands, especially in the Territories, in thelr construction. The whole management aat execution of the enterprize should ho left to private The gentlemen incorporated by the late act, 1 Company, comprised many of the ! nd wealthy cap jo be fouall inte United States. Private enterprice bad the Mlioots Central rond forward with uneommon rapidity, and its stock bad adv vi $120 por share apany, inaludieg that ths, the eqnal ecergy and 4 pateh Meet To-Day. The Democratic State Convention of Texas, at’ Wash ington, Texae, tu nominate candidates for Governor and Lientenant Governor. The Democratic State Convention of Georgia, at Mil- Jedgeville, The Murderers in the Tombs. IN THE CASE OF NEARY, UNDER SENTENCE OF DEATH—RESPITB GRANTED BY THE GOVERNOR.- Governor Seymour has granted a respite of one week; in the case of Thomas Neary, sentenced to be executed em Fridsy, tne 17th Inst., for the murder ef his wife.’ Sheriff Orser bas called anether jury in the ease of thig eulprit, for the purpose of testing the ples of insanity - instituted by his counsel, Mr. Henry Morrison, The prey vious jury were unable te agree upon a verdiet. At 4 e’clock yesterday afternoon, the Sheriff’s jury were summoned to appear at the Court of General Ses- sions, for the purpose of taking medieal testimony in the matter—Chief Deputy Willet presiding. Mr. Morrison,’ counsel for the convict, moved to have a jury sworn. Sheriff Willet replied that he could not proceed with the case, as Mr. Blunt, the District Attorney, was out of town, and juced a Albany, asking pieepny pret ep yen Zl fednesdsy.) The cave was ever Oa 5 o’c) oe this afternoon. The that the jurynten who were on uisition the former would not be called again. and therefore need not attend. ‘The Governor bas not mentioned garthing about the convict Fitugerald, and the impression is he will ele ee death penalty on Friday morning, the 17th: stant, Marine Affairs. ‘Tae Steamenir Jas. ApGer, Capt. Dickinson, arrived yos- terday morning in 52 hours from Charleston, with a large~ number of parsengers, By the kindness of Mr. Purser ‘Tisdale we were propaptly placed in possession of Charles- ton, New Orleans and other Southern papers. Tae Steamer Fiona, Capt. Woodhull, arrived this morning from Savannah. We received from Mr. Purser ‘Thompson late Savannah papers. Massacnuserts ConstrrcTionat, CoNVENTION—THE Last Puoxosrarnic BLUNDER —A member of this Convention the other day spoke the following sentence : ‘If you in- corporate such a provision in the constitution, you wil? place a sfain upon the Commonwealth which no earthly power will be able to erase.”’ A phonographie reporter got it thus: “If you incorporate such a provision in the constitution, you will place a stone upon the Common- wealth which no earthly power will be able to raise.’? Monstrous big stone that! Poor Massachusetts |—buried 2 and a tombstone put upon her, which nothing short of angels from heaven will be able to remove. Oh! Pho- nography, how dost thou murder common sense ! ‘TetecRaPuic CuaNces.—We learn that T. S. Faxton,' Ezq., who has long been distinguished as the President of the New York, Albany, and Buffalo Telegraph Company, has resigned the office, and his resignation was aceepted: the day before yesterday. We understand that Mr. F.' leaves the company in a very flourishing condition. Mr.’ E. Chapman, of Utica, has been appointed treasurer of the company, Brooklyn City Intelligence. Case OF ALLEGED MALPRACTICH—ACTION FOR DAMAGES. —~« In the King’s Seek Circuit Court, Judge La poind pra siding, the case of Wilon against Snell, was called up for tris! on Monday afternoon. Beth reside in. Greenpoint, L. I. The action is brought to recover Clore hes which are laid at $10,000, on account of the loss of the’right hand of a amall boy, aged about 9 years, the son of Albert C. Wilson, The defendent is a practis- ing physician, who had been employed, by the father to attend tothe case. It appears from the evidence ad- duced, tbat in Avgust of last year, the led sustained « double fracture of ehe bones of the right arm, a little Delow the elbow. The father, ay it is , acting™an- der the advice of others, entered this s ia charges that the lors to the boy of all the fingers of the hand was caused by the manner in which the doctor treated the case, and that if it had been properly attended to, suck @ result could not have oecurred, A large number of witpesress were examined, among whom were Doctors Mott, Rogers, Wood, Ayeres, and others, The main points endeavored to be established by the provecution, were, that mortification of the extrainities had been caused, first, by an early and tight application of bandages to the arm, from the elbow to the fingers, and by carelessness or ignorance of consequences in after treatment by the defendant. Those were met by ee defendant through the testimony of the above ni eminent surgeons. Tne general opinion elicited from these witnesses was, that the injury. near the elbow joint caused an oblitera- tion of the leading artery ot the arm, the trunk of the veasel getting entangled amongst the shattered portions of bone, or being pressed upoa by effasod blood, has m= peding the circulation, and interrupting its flow to the extremities, thereby causing sanerens, or mortification of the fingers. They were al-o agreed that the gangrene should be clarsed as that known by the term ‘dry gan- grene,”’ and that the appearance of humidity on some of the fingers was caured by au effort of nature to relieve the dry, Many ladies, neighbors of the family of the in- jured boy, were alsoxamined for the defence, and proved that while they had visited him frequently during his illness, he bad never complained of pain, and that the; were informed by the mother that he was doing ex ingly well fhe evidence was closed last evening, and at nine o’clock this morning counsel will commence sum- ming up, when the case will be given to the jury. ANoTHER Frre In BRooKiyx.—About 8 o’elock on Monday evening, a fire was discovered in the carpenter's shop im Hicks street, Brooklyn, betecen Harrison and Degraw streets, owned by Mr. John Shelley, and the whole shop and materials were destroyed, together with eight or nine chests of tools belonging to the men in the oraploy of Mr. Shelley Mr. Shelley’s joss in the shop and mate: is about eight or m’ne hundred dollars—no insurance. ‘The lors by the men in tools wiil probably be about seven oreight hundred dollars, on whi there was no insur- ance. This is a heavy lors to the men, who depend solely on their daily Jabor to support themselves and families, and we are informed that all of them are mar- ried men, ond bave familios to support. We would suggest to the citizens of Brooklyn the propriety of open- ing a subscription for the relief of the men who have so suddenly been bereft of their tools, witheut which it will be impossible for them to follow their usual avocation. Court Calendar—This fe Unrren States Disrricr Court —Nos. 2to 9, 11, 12. Surname Court—Circuit —Part First—Nos. 643, 661, 217, 79, 704, 302, 374, 626, 274, 711 to 716, Part Sesond— Nos. 1,160. 1.172. 1,146, 1112, 1,608, 1,193 to 1,199, 1,202, 1.208, 1.206 to 1.213, 1.916 to 1.210, 1,292, 1.223, ‘UPREME COU! rm.—Nos. 1, 5, 7 to 18, 15,16 18,19%. nh ty - Court or Common Przas—Part First.—Nos. 1,155 to Part Second—1,176 to 1,190, 1,104 1,163. 1,166 to 1,171. to 1,198. Two Branches.)—Nos. 449, 819, 137, . 697, 776, 6, 565, 839, 868, 824, Surxnior Court— 876, 232, 970, 469. 4° 986’ to 998, 1,000 to 1,006, 1,008 to 1,015, 1,017.» New York Basiness Directory, 1853 and 54, for sale at the office of the New York City Dirsctory, 168 Broadway, and at the bookstores, Price 25 cents. CHARLES R. RUDE, late Doggett & Rode. A Strawberry Festival at Stuyvesant Insti- tute, 659 LiL a will take place, in connection with the sale of fancy articles, by the ladies of Broadway Baptist Chureh, this (Wednesday) afternoon and evening, June 15, the proceeds to be devoted to the furnishing their new church edifice, now scene on Twenty third street, between Fifth and Sixth avenues, Persons friendly to the object are invited. Daguerreotypes of Superior Quality are taken daily, for the low price of fifty eonts and upwards, and warranted to be so grod as any taken in tbo Fgcous alsces en Broadway at rooms of A. K. ZoKe, 408 roadway. Mr. Z.isa Hungarian exile, and solicits the @ of the citizens of Now York. Porteet satisfaction, given, or no pay requi Give him a trial. Brady’s New Gallery, over Thompson’s Sa~ loon, No. 859 Brondway, has been pronounced one of the most completely arranged dacuerrean galleries in this eoun- try orin Europe. The reception, dressing and operating rooms ure all on one floor, a feature peculiar to this estab- lishment, and are furnished with every requisite for the comtort of vieiters as well as for the production of first clare pictures. ‘The old gallery. corner of Broadway and Fulton strects, will remain open as usual. jeauty is a Joy Forever—Its ané so with the reputation of the far- uerreotype pictures of DOBYNS, RICHARDSON LT. tre indeed “things of beauty,” and ord shade, producing exquisite por- Call st 303 Broadway. colve every courtesy, The Twenty-five Cent Daguerrenn Business, While REESE & CO. make the cheap system their prinei- pal forte, those who *ttempt to imitate them make a sham pretence'at it toring in for higter priced pictures. With, Reete & Co. it makes no diflerence—the cheaper the better, No. 280 Broadway. Something New.—Particular Attention te called to GURNEY'S new etyle of colored daguerreoty, anew feature in the art, which he has just produced, Also, his matehlers cyeolotvpes, or and without color, 349 Brond. The Few tn all Kinds of Business who Take © lend, prosper.—Thompron, at No. 651 Broadway, da- verrean artist, leads in tho quelity and priges of his’ por- traits, and bas snecceded in taking mo ror, during the last five years, than any other daguert tist in the aity. J. W. THOMPSON, 601 Broadway, The Knox Hat.—The established and nized style of epring and summer hate is that of th tigable RNOX, 12° Fulton st all that is f stylish, neat dugante and bj com bined by thi# incompar Those in want of a reully white or binck, will be able Taste ir ax necessary in the py cal ckill, and Knox is the acknowledged posses wnerrenty pes on papor, with Qutroges on the High Seas are beeoming almost ap common as the outraxes against propriety good taste evinecd'by many otherwise well dressed gontle~ nen who affect the fashionable side of Broadway. This is than a wish to offend, and unples sant position NOX & JAMES, Their stock frow a want of experience, rat xo Who wish to avoid th ¢ the establishment of rot Krosdway and 8: e and prices reseon: ears ing street, *s Soft Felt Hats —An Extensive able for summer travelling, lounging, , pearl and cream color. nd pliablo, at prives to suit No. 27 Broadway ageortinent, #t corntry and fl ing—black, wh high an stout brim w KS, Hatters, low cro dy. W Rofterty & Lensk are over and pont! folt hats at $i, and, in addition, gi hat, froo of charge. i Statos who oan do this m street, opposite Chara: mand Poark. hil ntlers Lea ly ' Rocky Mountain Drab Beavers, Panama,“ Loghern mid etraw hi e ct a store in this ofty can be found corner of Wooster. Banta's an enviable popularity on ace ful appearance, and the ease and comfort woarer in this hot agd opprossiyg weathog,