The New York Herald Newspaper, May 23, 1853, Page 3

encircled by rings of some five inches xing one year’s advance in age. tise up to tht of some thirty feet, which the green bulb is seen, and the very top bursts open with a beautiful droo) foliage of green. The hand of man could not arrange mechani- @ truer line than nature bas formed i, groming trees. This alley is constantly lined ladies nn, who come from all parts of the to view the pride and glory of Brazil; and, I venture to say, that none ever visited these gardens whose anticipations, be they ever so t, were not - ben psn bee Heath ee great extent, it the row ims é principal natural charac- teristic of the ric. : se The garden one beautiful fountain, at the ter- amination of this walk, and when viewing it in the Jong perspective the effect is at once striking and There are also great quantities of the tea plant, | although much neglected. The large jaca tree forms | a strong and prominent natural curiosity in the gar: den, overloaded with fruit, which grow as large a3 & cabbage, and resemble a large piece of sponge. They are very heavy and solid, and when boiled are very much esteemed. The bread tree, also, is a beautiful sight, overloaded with fruit, and which, when boiled, mes very palatable. Altogether, a walk through the Botanical Gardens is a delight rarely to be met, and Europe with all her gardens, even Versailles, cannot equal them. ‘ We returned, after a delightful time, to the city, and were obliged to keep our rooms for three days, ‘to overcome the fatigue which had been brought about by over exertion. — ! T have had but little time in penning this hasty sketch. In my next I will give vou some interesting iculars, both locally and commercially, respect- g other eections of this vast and beautiful empire. WANDERER, Affairs at San Juan ce Nicaragua. We have received from our French correspondent at San Juan the letter which we translate below, ac- companied by a sort of manifesto or address from a Spanish merchant at that place—Senor Don Felipe- A. de,Barruel Beauvert—to more thang eighty of his constituents, and to all the Spaniards of Nicaragua and real inhabitants of that port. The address ani- | madverts upon the conduct of H. B. M. Consuls in Mosquito—Mesars. Green and Foote—and claims from | Great Britain:—Ist. Personal indemnification for all the losses sustained by them, the Spaniards, what- ever ‘their number or importance. 2d. The punish- ment of her Consuls and the members of the establish- edadministrations who may be guilty. 3d. The resto- ration of the port of San Juan to its ancient posses- 078, their Nicaraguan brethren. ° The following is the important portion of our cor- | respondent's letter:— San Juan pe Nicaragua, April 26, 1853. The Municipal Elections and the British Consuls at San Juan. 10 THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. To go on with the true story of this sad affair of Mosquito and Greytown, I will resume the recital of | all the events which have taken place since my last, | ef March 30th, which I mailed on the 5th of | this month. The two consuls of H. B. M. at Greytown have in- trigued with an activity as indiscreet as it is compro- mising for their government, for the purpose of aaving the same administration re-elected which 0 odiously governed last year, but which had the great merit to execute blindly the wishes of these 4wo consuls. So it has become now a true fact that the authorities of the pretended free city of Grey- ‘own were acting, and have always acted, for the i benefit of Great Britain. And who would dare to say the contrary,since, a few days ago, Consul Foote publicly replaced the Mosquito flag, and re-establish- ed in the consular house of Great Britain the autho-_ rity of Messrs. Martin, Carl and companions, at the same time that his Honor, C. J. Martin, had posted upon all the corners of the village that the authori- ties of the free city were recognized and supported by England and the United States? I repeat it again, the two consuls of H. B. M. have intrigued to have last year’s administration re-elect- ed, and have imposed, in acting thus, on the English citizens, in forcing them, by a public advertisement, to meet at the consulate to receive their instractions as to re-electing those men; on the French citizens, by Cpe oT that their delegate, Mr. de B. B., would not be believed anywhere, because informa- tion could be obtained only at the British consulate. ‘They had already given instructions soas to annihi- late the imprudent steps taken by Mr. de B. B. They imposed or the Spaniards by suggesting to them that they would be p by reat Britain, but only on | condition that they would vote for the said indivi- | duals. Fnally, they sol nn on the Germans, by say- ing that they were oblig follow the instructions and the id of their Vice Consul of Hamburg, | Mr. Henry Wiedeman, the most intimate and devoted | friendjof Mesers. C. J. Martin, Carl, Geddes, Jean | Mesnier, and consorts. Such, sir, are the influences which guided the elections of the 15th inst.; but as the British consuls have received some objections, even from their hono- rable friends, they have given the assurance that they were acting according to the positive orders of Mr. Crampton, the British Ambassador at Washing- ton. Will Mr. sees be entirely satisfied wit! this confession or this falg/hood? ‘hat will be mat- ter for the Foreign Office. So it has happened that by means of the insidious measures and dishonorable intrigues of the represen- “tatives of G. B., that on the 15th instant, Messrs. C. J. Martin, Carl, Jean Mesnier, Geddes, Sigaud, Ger- ring, Kirkland. and others—sixteen in all—have been nominated the authorites of the pretended free city, which is only a village of one hundred and fifty inhabitants, including the above named gentlemen, whose names deserve to go to posterity. It will be very curions at preseut to know if Great Britain, and particularly the United States, will stifl zonngnite the authorities of the free city, asis stated | by, post bills of his honor C. J. Martin. Meanwhile, it is worth noticing that two French- men and gighty Spaniards, all of them old inhabi- tants of this port, together with the employes of the Transit Company, have formally declined to take rt in this ridiculous comedy; and, indeed, these undred and some persons have not voted. Now, sir, here we are to day, on the 25th of April, and if civilized nations do not once for all, break up this ridiculous thing called the Mosquito kingdom, and unmask the real guilty in this filthy affair, the scandals which have gone on since eighteen months will be perpetuated, although public opinion has a Tight to prosecute criminals, whatever is the mask or the flaz under which they shelter themselves, or try to take refage. This affair might, therefore, be come herd serious if a prompt stop is not put to such a state of things. Still, sir, do not believe that I have finished the e.:posures “of this pitiful affair: I have agreat deal more to say; but those things are so serious and #0 grave, that for the present I will with- hold divulging them, convinced as I am that H. B. M. government knows how to put a stop, without more scandal, to all that has been done in Greytown; for, believe me, to the eyes of civi- lized men, Great Britain is answerable. She is at liberty some other time to select better her subaliern agents. Respectfully, yours, BLAatse MIcaIsR. The Norwalk . TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Tt seems not to have been noticed by the press generally, that the testimony in this case furnishes the means of ascertaining with mathematical certain- ty a very near approximation to the speed of the train at the moment of making the plunge. The dis- » bance across the draw is sixty feet, asall agree. Sup- pose, then, that the speed of the train had been, as the jury were made to believe, about twenty miles an hour. It is easy to show that a body moving at the rate of twenty miles per hour, will pass over a space of sixty feet in 2 1-22 seconda of time. By the ‘ laws of falling bodies, which are perfectly ascertain- ed by experiment, it is certain that in 2 1-22 seconds ‘a body will fall a fraction more than sixty-seven feet. Consequently, if the velocity had been only twenty miles per hour, no part of the locomotive would have touched the opposite abutment at a lesa depth than sixty-seven feet below the level of the road. And yet all witnesses agree that the water was only abont twelve feet below the level of the road, and that the engine struck the opposite abutment above the wa- ter. The eame scientific priuciples show to a de- monstration that if the speed of the train had been only twenty miles per hour the engine would have plunged into the water before it had reached the middle of the draw; aud instead of being found any where in the neighborhood of the opposite abutment, it would have been found very near the middle cf the open apace, while had the speed been only twelve miles per hour, it would have fallen less than twenty feet from the west abutment. Applying the same principle of calculation to as- certain the actual speed of the train at the moment of reaching the draw, it will be found to have been certainly greater than forty miles per hour. This conclusion is startling, and involves a serious respon- sibility somewhere. But carry the data to any man versed in the science of mechanics, and let him cal- | freedom in the Spanish } hospit ss ‘The Negotiatio s for a Spanish and @extean | Spanish Repudiation Alllance—Generai Santa Auna and the Court of Madrid. Some days since we referred, in an editorial article, to the report which had reached us from Europe, that Santa Anna had made certain ad- vances to Spain, for the purpose of placing j Mexico under the protectorate of the crown of | Castile. We afe enabled to present our read- | ers with a translation of the article of the Diario Espanol of the 27th April, from which the fact had become first publicly known :— Yesterday, (says this journal,) there circulated through Madrid @ report of much importance, the facts Snvolved. in which ought to be the object of strict ngnity: if indeed it be of such a nature as to inspire the government with such a resolution. It appears that the new chief of the Mexican re- poblls, General Santa Anna, has demanded the panish protectorate as the only means of opposing the inva-ion—each day become more imminent—from the United States, and to preserve the remains of that very rich cotintry against the conquest of its powerful neighbors. According to the versions that we have heard, the idea had been already communi- cated to the cabinets of London and Paris, by whom, it appears, ithas been well received. As much as our natural self-love might approve of the project of General Santa Anna, we repeat that it is necessary to proceed with much tact on this subject, not letting out of sight the great prin- ciples which may be involved in it—thosé of our im- portance, our intiuence, our interests in America and the interest of our island-of Cuba. Q The foregoing article we transfer from the columns of thé Cronica of the 21st, which adds, on the subject— The Heraldo does not credit the preceding report, and reproduces it merely as a curious fact. The Clamor Publico has also understood that the idea of General Santa Anna has been communicated to the cabinets of London and Paris, by whom it has been well received. The other periodicals of Madrid, which we have before us, limit themselves to copy- ing the report, qualifying itas important. Ve believe that if anything has been done in the 1 { matter it will have been some indication on the part of Mexico as to whether that republic mies calcu- late, in the event of a war with the United States, on rts, and perhaps in the ports of France and England, for the vessels of its navy and its cruisers. Would Spain refuse entry into her ports to the corsairs of the United States, with Mexican prizes taken.in legitimate warfare? And if the United States would have a just motive of complaint ae Spain if she refused to give tality to the vessels fighting under a commission from the government at Washington, by what right or pretext could the government require that the same hospitality should be extended to the Mexican corsairs ? Spain ought to take a very determined attitude in this question, if she would avoid dangerous cont pro: mises in the future. Her right to open the hospital- ity of her ports equally to Mexico as to the United States, in case of war between these two nations, ought to be defined and recognized when the occa- sion occurs of making use of that hospitality. We hope that, at length, the policy will triumph which for five years we have been recommending with un- changing perseverance, because it Speer to us more necessary every day to obviate and disentangle the situation to which matters have been brought by the indecisive, vacillating, and, according to all ap- pearances, on the part of England, nugatory conduct of the various European gov ents. The Fisheries. TO THE EDITOR OF THE MERALD. There has rarely been a worse managed affair than the fishery question. Before any interference had taken place last year with American fishermen, who had been in the habit of pursuing their operations without interruption or molestation, information was communicated, through the columns of the Huraup, of its being the intention of the British government to send out a fleet of war steamers for the purpose of enforcing the convention of 1818, by which vessels of the United States would be prevented from parti- cipating in the mackerel fishery; and on their arrival a manifesto was issued by the late Mr. Webster, then Secretary of State, denouncing the movement of the government of England, and insisting upon the in- herent right of the American fishermen to draw from the “ vasty deep”’ the finny inhabitants of the watery element wherever they cau be taken, Negotiations were then entered into by the successor of that statesman and Mr. Crampton, the British Minister at Washington, based upon reciprocity as a quid pro guo; which, as was to be foreseen, resulted in a la- mentable failure, wanting as it did the sanction of Congress. Application was then made to that body, on the part of the Secretary of State, for authority to treat with England separately on the subject of the fisheries, which was never granted, and consequently negotiations came to a “ dead lock,” it being well understood that the British government would come to no arrangement in which the interests of the pro- vinces shall not be consulted, and that it will not deal with the question of the fisheries unless it goes hand and band with reciprocity of trade between the colonies and the United States, which it will be re- collected was favorably reported upon by Mr. Sey- mour, chairman of the Committee ot Commerce, and which he contrived to get before the House of Repre- sentatives by a sort of ‘ side-wind,”’ but at so la period of the session that the subject was only taken up incidentally, and could not receive that deliberate consideration to which a subject of such moment was entitled. Besides which, in framing his report, which was drawn up with much impartiality and ability, Mr. Seymour had to yield to the narrow minded aud con- tracted views of those who advocated the coal and lumber interests; and with reference to the latter, although the free admission of colonial lumber was to be made consequent upon the withdrawal of the duty at present levied on lumber floated down the St. Jobn at the port of shipment, the report was assail- ed by the delegates from Maine ‘in the House with the most determined and virulent opposition. With refcrence to coal, as we stated at the time, that mineral must be included in any treaty for reci- procity to which Great Britain will agree; and it is also a concession that is due to the inhabitants of our seaboard, who are taxed at an enormous rate by the railroad and coal mining companies; and if there is an article which could be admitted upon reciprocally advaptageous conditions, itis that invaluable pro- duction of nature. Providence has so ordained that, while the coal which has hitherto been discovered in the United States is principally anthracite, and high- | ly useful for foundries and steam machinery, and if Ke ymitted to be introduced free of duty into the sritish prov neces, would soon become a favorite arti- cle of fuel with families there, in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick it is bituminous, and absolutely necessary for the manufacture of gas, with which, or some other gaseous substance, anthracite requires to be mixed. Already a reciprocal trade is springing up with the latter province in this atticle, as we learn from the report of Mr. Andrews that in 1851 cne hundred and ninety-five tons of bituminous coal, shipped from the port of St. John to the United States, in exchange for eighteen hundred and sixteen eee in return. hatever may have been the feeling of members grey on the subject of reciprocity—and we be- eve had the question been brought to a vote that the decision of the House would have been in jts fa- vor—the obstacles which were thus thrown in the way, together with the pressure of business at the close of a session, threw it over for another ‘year, and left the fishermen of the Eastern States without re- drees during that period, and in a state of uncertain- ty which must materially affect their prospecta— with reference to the mackerel fishery at least. On the other hand, we perceive that the British provinces are acting with the greatest unanimity on the present occasion. Cunada, relying upon the con- tinued action of the government of the mother coun- try, has determined upon substituting a steamer dur- ing the approaching summer for the sailing vessel employed last year, which will sweep the extensive coast within its jurisdiction, embracing the best mackerel ground. The Legislature of Nova Scotia has applied for 4 continuance of the protection from England which was afforded last year; @ bill has been introduced to prevent frauds being practised by the transfer of Amer‘can fishing vena and inter- ests into ostensibly British bands; a continuation of the provincial cruisers, four in number, is provided for; and itis proposed to grant a bounty of fifteen shillinge per ton on all vesvela engaged ‘in the cod fishery between January and June. And, finally, the House of Avsembly ‘of New Brunswick—which province does not send forth a fishing smack on its ex- tensive eastern seaboard, where the fisheries could be ae on to the greatest advantage, and even in the Bay of Fundy the deep-sea fishery is confined to the islands of Grand Manan, Campo Bella and West Isles, at its entrance—bave entertained a bill containing the most stringent provisions, so much be that nate a beg ndded to prevent its going into operation un' i¢ Queen’s approb have been bad and declared. Been oe During all this “note of preparation,” the interests of the American fishermen are confided to an Exe- culate the speed and he can bring no other result. Has og Boe raised the inquiry what was the force which broke the car which was broken and stopped the headway of those which did not plunge into the chasm? Can it have been anything else than the collision with the opposite alutwent? Tam a stran- ger, from a distance, and have no_ other interest in this matter than such as must be felt by a Tes cutive that is powerless to act, and which cannot ae uctiate a treaty until there is some action of Con- ae to visas it is probable the British government will accede. Gov, Manning, of South Carolina, has pardoned Col. W. T. Ware, who was con dof the murder of Capt, Jones, his father-inlaw. The pardon was vnted to the importunities of Mra. Ware, who was iy Luks of bow uuurdered tate he Purchase of THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. ‘Tho Natio:.al Academy of Design. The twenty-cighth annual exhibition of paintings To In the month of November last, your excellent pa- | belonging to the National Academy of Design, is | now open to the public, at their galleries, No. 663 | per contained a clever article, headed “ Spain—its Creditors, and Filibusterism,” wherein yon ably ad- vocated the urgency and expediency of purchasing real claims on the Spanish government, whose value would be available in case of annexation of the island of Cuba to this free country. The inaugural address treats the latter question plainly and manly, as was to be expected by its author, who has just now been borne to the highest position by the all but unani- mous voice of his countrymen. The liberation of the precious isle from the bonds of dishonest and unenlightened rule is desirable for this country, and if it is to be effected, it must not be by private enterprise. Spain will have to relin- quish the gem in her diadem,too valuable for adorn- ing a foreign crown, but which will shed the more lustre if it only shines for the benefit of their own people; if she be well advised, she will dispose of it, and obtain thereby money sufficient in her exchequer te wipe out partly the eternal blot of her national dishonesty towards her creditors. Times have changed since it was just to talk about Castilian faith; and as a country, or for their governments, Spamards have little claim to pride now. It is mere vanity, and ill-placed, » to speak of the stain on the national shield of Spain, if Cuba was sold and freed; the sovereign of “las dos Indus” only exists on the dollar pleces—now, the pos- session and the power are gone. The maintenance of Cuba depends on the keeping up of large military depots that swallow up that portion of the revenue of the island which the cupidity of governors and coer leaves in the omenyy, Boe Spain‘herself, an ill less, the national creditors, gets nothing of that valuable property, pledged, like all the resources of the State, to the faithful discharge of the obliga- tions entered into by the nation. The best claim, and the most solid, to be estab- lished in the face of Europe, is the production of the bonds of jhe country that owns this hypothecated treasure, and formally to claim their redemption. England is following the old track of ciplomacy. by long despatches and telling speeches in Parliament, and in the end their cabinet ministers do not act up to their professions. Notwitnstanding, we may quote their doctrines, propounded amid the cheers of the House of Commons, though not followed up by decisive action, as a precedent in this our oase. In 1846, when the situation of the Spanish creditors was brought before Parliament by the late Lord George Bentinck, who strongly urged the interference of government on behalf of the claimante on Spain, Lord Palmerston, then Foreign Secretary, followed in the same strain of his oppo- nent, stating that though they would use friendly re- monstrances, government had the full right, and. would reserve thas right to itself, for future opportu- nity to claim redress, and to enforce it if necessary. for the British holders of the bonds of Spain. But ag usual in the Old World, this fine speech was a speech, and nothing more. The “gag” never came to explosion. In the case of New Granada the Brit- ish government acted more decidedly—with Peru, toe, of which they got the pledge of the Lobos Isl- ands produce. F The Spanish government foresee that if this ques- tion of LG were urged on this side of the Atlantic, it would utmost, according to recent European accounts, buy up at all prices, such of their old bonds as have not been converted according to their self-willed law of 1861. The holders of new certificates have no. claim beyond what is stated in their bond, and this. only as-igns to them so much a year for interest, | uaranteed by Spanish faith. But those more re- fuctant people, as are the proprietors of Spanish stock in this country, who have not accepted the lure | of new promises ou fresh paper—the po ernsee of the 3 per cent. bonds, deferred stock of 1531, repre- senting a full claim of capital on the Spanish govern- ment—they will have a right to demand and exact satisfaction of this claim, and they may urge the strong government we now possess to obtain justice for their claims; and where it is known that words are followed up by deeds—where protection is affurd- ed to the and of all citizens—appeals are never made in vain. Spain may refuse to pay, nay her friendly advisers in the background, jealous of the growth of this happy country, will induce her to re- main obstinate; so much the better for the purpose. Cuba will be free, the creditors paid, and Spain may get the balance of the purchase money. Respectfully yours, H. Servants in Europe and America, TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. In reading a paragraph in one of the city papers I could not but notice the great zerversion of facta by a statement respecting servants in Europe. No candid or honest man ought to read such a state- ment without immediately repudiating many of the charges stated therein. The writer states that the amount of wages paid for public servants in hotels is about one-third that paid in the United States. I beg distinctly to con- tradict that statement, and to ask that gentleman from wheuce he gained his information; for any gen- tleman who has the slightest knowledge of the salary of domestic or public service in Englaud could not make such a statement without blushing tor his veracity; his remarks with regard to hotel waiters are totally unfounded, when he states they are paid no wages, but depend entirely on “veils.” I can tell the gentleman thathe cannot name one instance in London where such is the case; and [ call upon that gentleman to prove that such is the case; and I am prepared to prove that in many hotels in London the salary paid to some waiters amounts to no less a sum than from three to four pounds sterling per week; and I further state and Rely that gentleman to disprove the next assertion; that you cannot find any man to act as supernume- rary, or waiter's assistant, for less than eighteen tbillings, or one pound sterling; and I would also remind the gentleman that a waiter, a married man, can live comfortably for one half the expeuse of pro- visions er houre rent. I would like that gentleman to state one instance of any public or private waiter working for the sum of five pourids per year. But with regard to tie best of them I think it unneces- sary tomake any remark, for his statement would refute itself. ould a reasonable man for one moment believe that any man gaining any kind «fa livelihood in Great Britain could be induced to leave the home of his fathers tor the small pittance of $12 per month to dradge 17 hours ver day? What a lucrative offer the writer in that ass makes! I would beg to inform him that his statements with regard to no societies, or restraint, are totally unfounded, for in London not only are public but private servants protected by asociety. I object to societies that make stipulated salaries; [ would prefer to pay every man by his merits. I would alo give him to understand that in no country in Europe are waiters held in such subordination as in the United States of America. But you will tind them generally well educated, of good conduct, aud G gentlemanly [ditt much so, that any lady may question them without receiving the slightest umbrage. 1 remain, sir, yours respectfully, oun W. THE OTHER SIDE, TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Sir—The conduct of the hotel servants in raising their wages—a class who do not pay rent or bay provisions, and therefore not affected by the times— is matter of severe comment by the press. The mode they took to force the landlords, and oppress the boarders, was mean and contemptible, ie laud- lords submit for the present, but they are all dissatis- fied. Efforta are making to get out some hundreds of English trained waiters. We hope this plan will succeed, and the landlords be able to discharge ever’ man engaged in the late ‘miserable trick,” by whic! they forced an increase of wages. English servants ‘the best) get only $6 a month, and hotel servants in ireat Britain get no wages; in private families, £6 a year. There are thousands ready to come, (aud come they will,) and I hope will have preference and good employ. Guop Pay. Arrest or A Countenretter—Larce Havt or Counterruit Monry.—This morning information wax given the Chief of pioiagr bb @ newsboy named Michael Conors, that a man had passed upon him a counterfeit gold dollar. Officer Manning was des- patched in search of the man, and soon found him ia the street. He arrested him, and while conducting ory, 156 Grand street, him to the Second district station house he made an | eflort to run away. The officer, however, was too quick for him, and soon brought him to a stand with & blow in the back of the neck. With the assistance of a citizen the officer then proceeded to search the prisoner on the spot, when he found ye his person the following money :—Forty-one $3 bills on the State Bank of Indiana, Indiauapolis, caren ut the Branch at New Albany—N. A. Pep! in, cashier; J. Miner, president; one $2 bill Citizens’ Bank, Wasb- ington, D. C.—N. Jones, cashier; John Hayner, prex ident; two $10 bills Commercial Bauk, Whitehall, N wo $3 bills Eastern Bank, West Kellingley, Ce J. Smith, cashier; J. Chittenden, presideut two $1 bills on tame bank; one $6 bill Farmers’ # Merchants’ Bank, Quincy, Hlinois; ove $10 bal Mineral Point Bank, Wiscons'n; one hundred and forty-five $1 spurious gold pieces; two $5 do.; four $2 60 do.; together with about $400 in good gold coin. At the Chief’s office the prisoner rave his naw Luther Pumyea. He is a respectable look- ing ¥ ng man, wbout 28 years of age He is from the West. The privoner was taken beiore Squire Cole, and after an examinat'on was fully commited. ~Allany Atlas, May 21. Prack Socrety—The annual meeting of tho American Peace Society will he held in Boston this evening. We understand that Judge Juy, President ot the Society, whose health has not allowed him heretofore to attend its annual meeting, is expected’ to preside at the anniversary this evening and de- diver the Op iukig Gdcicas fact and not words. They are doing their ; to.) Broadway, opposite Bond street, where, for a trifling sum for admission, an opportunity is presented to the amateur of studying the works of American living artists. As an exhibition of this description is a purely national affair, and on account of the im- portance that the art of painting should hold among a civilized and refined people, some slight notice of the above named institution is consequently required in ovr columns. So closely allied as painting ia to the sister arts of music, poetry, &c., it ought to pity @ prominent part in the education of our people, and by its palpable appeals through the organs of vision, to the mental faculties and passions, exert a marked influence on the national character. It was in this manner that the old masters of the Italian and #lemish schools acquired their great celebrity, and, by painting not to please a single individual but a nation, stamped the impress of their names upon works that will last forever. Unfortunatély, no such lofty ambition exists among the artists of modern times, among whom a prevailing mediocrity reigns supreme, and this not confined to our own country, but existing in all, even among those nations where the fine arts are supposed to have taken their abode. This mediocrity, 80 much complained of, and which is evident.y ruining the art by restraining the flights of genius—bringing all down to one tame level—is certainJy conspicuous inthis year’s exhibition. There is not, perhaps, much to censure, but there is like- wise very little to commend. High art, of which so much has been said, and of which so little is prac- tised, has in this exhibition no votaries; those grand and sublime features that appeal to a whole nation, and which are certain, when well depicted, to excite the admiring gaze of myriads of spectators, are no where to be seen. Mediocrity, as already mentioned, is too prevalent. Highly colored, well varnished and shining gilt framed pictures adorn the walls, and we look and look until tired with the sameness that ex ists around us. Where shall we find. some striking picture, some bold touch of genius, some mark o living talent, which, although perhaps, faulty in de tail, still shows an originality so that a truly nation- al American school might be made to spring up, amongus? Where shall we find those grand mas- terpieces which, by their display of gonius, affect all alike, the refined and the simple, the learned and the ignorant, the polished and the rude— those bold attempts of art which in the times of the ancient republics. were exposed to the gaze of anadmiring multitude? or later still, those chef d’ewvres of Italy, when ecclesiastical patronage enriched the painter for exerting his genius upon subjects of religion? or when, in a more phlegmatic region, the Flemish burgomasters lavished their wealth upon the painters of their country? It may be urged as an excuse that such patronage now 1s wanting—that the artist must live, andin order to do 80 must court the patronage that at present offers itself, and from want of a national, must be content to | please the whims of asingle individual. But, we | would ask, may not the deficiency of national pa- tronage ve partly self-entailed? Who among oar painters ever attempts to pleare the mass—to toil for ears on some,graud conception, and then, presenting it tothe world, point with~pride to his performance | asa truly natioual picture? Our greatest sculptors and painters leave home for foreign countries, and ecek in them the patrouage thut is denied at home. This is disyracetul to the nation. But, as we suid be- fore, the fault hes primarily with the parties them- selves. They do not try to instil a better taste, or with a truly republican feeling to court the multitude —that vast class who, after all, are the most suscepti- ble of grand impressions, and upon whom the art of painting, when its performances are executed in a suitable manner, can exact the most commanding in- fluence. But to return from our digression. The exhibition of the Academy of Design for this year contains nothing of a very extrordinury merit. There are certainly some very good pictures in the collection— mapy carefully executed. There are generally no glaring fuults; but, on the other hand, there are no startling merits. What we complain of most is the va:t number of portraits that invite the spectator's geze, cold, dead-hke portraits, many of which are character.zed by a want of animation and expres sion. The greater myjority of these are likewise merely i aide lt wh although they may be ver interesting to the friends of the individual who is represented, yet appear very insipid to the stranger. A portrait, to please un indifferent person, must have something artistic in it, some poetry in the attitude, 4 pecuiiar carriage of the head, some variation in the color of the garments, contrasts of lively or som- bre hues By this means the talented artist, even in a portrait, will be able to make a picture that will please the most indifferent spectutor; but of all the bores in the world, the most abominable is to stand looking at a line of unmeaning, mummy like portraits, stuck up agginst the walls of a picture-gallery. If such is to be our fate, give us rather the choice of a walk through Brady's Gallery, where we can see portraits that at leust have some appearance of life, and not the artificial, un- meaning pictures of individuals that adorn the walls of the National Academy of Design. No! the days of portrait taking, merely for the portrait, are gone by. for the painter can never expect to equal in trutb-like spirit his daguerreotype rival—to depict the half quivering smile. the evanexcent shade of melan- choly, the breathing of the word as it issues from the mouth. Such triumphs of skill do not belong to his art —they are the peculiarities of another, which is fust pushing the portrait painter from bis claim to popular patronoge. e only chance of success is in allying poetry with art—in making the portrait a real pic- ture, where, without infringing upon truth, he can give imagination full play, and thus make the por- trait what tho daguerreotypist, with all his chemi- cals and glasses, is unable to do—a picture of reality, where the sternness of truth is mingled with the poetry of fiction. Some attempts at this kind of portrait tuking are to be seen at the exhibition; and these alone, of all, are likely to please the general spectator. A mere portrait, whose chief merit is in the resemiblatice, can scarcely be expected to gratify, although it came from the studio of a Reynolds or a Lawrence. ¥ We have below given a short critique upon some of the pictures of the exhibition, and will on a future , day pass in review the others; among so many a 06 d one is often passed by in hasty review, and the d often stuck so prominently forward that they cannot expect to escape censure. Pulmam qui me- ruit ferat. To begin with a portrait— No. 14 isa full length portrait of ex-President Fill- more, painted by I. B. Carpenter, and owned by David A. Bokee. The ex-President is represented standing, with a roll of paper in one hand, enve- Joped in acloak. On the whole, there is too much black about the p'cture, and « very dingy looking carpet underneat! 0. 16. Portrait of Rev. Eleazar Williams, painted by jople, Associate of the Academy—possessort 1 ‘W. Francis. We have never seen the reve r tleman who claims to be the real Dauphin rend g ol France, and therefore we do not know how far the portrait is a likeness, but it hasa great resem- | blance to the profile of Louis XVI., as represented on French coina, particularly the nose. No. 15. Hunting Grounds, painted by Jesse Tal- bot, Associate of the Academy. A fine Mey pic- ture; the dark foliave of the foreground is skilfully | relieved by the red of the setting sun, which is re [dopo ‘a8 casting its reflection upon the surround. ne ap " No. 18. Landscape Composition, painted by Wm. Ver Bryck. A very good picture, displaying much professional skill and talent. F No. 19, Study from Nature, Vermont, painted by C. L. Hyde. Like the last-named picture, a very ekilful composition. The two, although by different artists, would forma pretty pairof pictures for adorn- ing a room or for adding fo a collection. Ke. 23. sae del ttt by J. F. Cropsoy, Nation- al Academician e cannot say much in favor of the ubove; perhaps we saw it to disadvantage by 898 light; but really it appeared to us as very exag- gerated, particularly the coloring; the rainbow is ako throst forward fo) prominently, and looks very unrateral. Perhape in a visit by daylight our opin- ion may be sumewhat modified; Kas is a bad medi- fm Per nding of pictures, a good light from above is the best. No. 34. Portrait of Henry Clay, painted by D. M. Carter, This dittinguirbed statesman is represented ip Nis study nedtating, with one arm resting on a be. k whieh is lying cloved on w table beside him. Ne. 87. Land Storm, painted by George Funess, ewred by Willems, Stevena & Williams. A very » the style of Reubens. | goed picture, much No 41. Winter American ry, painted by Regis Gignovx, National Acadanician Possessor Charles Gould. ‘There is a singular discrepancy in | thix picture, for while the road is supposed te be 1 ecvered with snow, none is depicted on the adjacent mountains, and the trees, on which the falling snow wovld be likely to settle, are scarcely tipped with it, No 44, Pull length portrait of a Lady, painted by Lonis Lang, National Academician. A great oval of layed, but there is one fault; the lee, re she is walking, slinble the next lo the water at her ous of the bas w if fearful of losing feet; she eecme, also, rather too ket of fowersin her righthand, den, Charles ; Much labor has evidently been displayed in No. 45. Hon. Thomas H. Benton, and owned by Wa. E. McMaster. Old Bullion te an ace um, y looking personage, to judge from his No. 49. Landscape, painted by J. F. a National Academician. Posean?, pS be mend the composition of this picture; the back ieledokaeek. okie No. 56. Portrait of Sir Charles L. Eastlake, paint- ed by D. Huntington, National Academician. Owned by New York Gallery. This portrait, we believe, was painted at the desire of the Academy for their pa, Galery, which will be opened by the lst of rT. 62. The Chaudiere Falls, near Quebec, painted by Herman Carmiencke; for sale. A good repre- sentation of the Chandiere river, foaming and tum- bling in an raat of waterfall, forming a pictare, if not so grand as the Falls of Niagara, much more picturesque. No. 63. View near Salisbury after a Shower, paint- ed by Thomas W. Whitley. This is a truthful landscape of the scenery around the city of Salis- bury, pende At the distance is seen the tall spire of istars Cathedral. No. 64. Waterfall in Spain, painted by LeGrand. Blue—blue—entirely blue—too much so for our taste. No. 65, Winter Scene, painted by C. L. Hyde. A composition difficult to execute, and which artist has not succeeded in effecting. The snow, which predominates to excess, has much the appearance of candied sugar, as we see it in plum cakes jp confec- tioners’ stores. No.71. Purchase of Manhattan Island from the Indians by the Dutch in 1626, painted by William Ranney, associate. Possessor James Anderson. A well grouped picture, but not sufficient sombre col- oring about it to relieve the gaudy coloring that forms the foreground. The principal figure is Peter Minuet, the Director-General of the New Netherlands; be- hind bim is Isaac de Rasieres, the Provincial Secre- tary; and on Minuet’s right is Sebastian Jansen I “ Krank-besockee,” whose duty it was to visit the sick and read the Scriptures and creeds to the peeple on Sunday. The remaining figures are In- diaus men and women, and at the distance is seen a Detch a from which they have just landed. No, 72. The Hunter's Home, painted by Elias W. Durand. A beautiful landscape; a good deal in the style of Turner. No.%7. Shanduken Mountains, painted by A. B. Durand. P.N. A. Another beautiful landscape. No. 86. Squire Boon crossing the mountains with stores for his brother Daniel, encamped in the wilds of Kentucky. Painted by W. Ranney, associate. Porsessor, Edward D. Nelson. Boon is represented on horseback, and is evidently listening around if any Indians are near. The bold, careless hunter, is well depicted, but perhaps the figure is too youthful. No. 86. View near Sherburne, CLEARED, county, Y., painted by J, F. Cropsey, National Academi- Owned by N. Ludlum. "A good fer a) 2 0. The Green Mountains, painted by ‘1. A. Richards, National Academician. For sale. A cleverly executed picture, evidently the work of much study and pains, No.95. The Village Pastor, painted by D. M.Carter. Posseasor, Charles Ely. This picture illustrates a scene from Goldsmit “Deserted Village,” as given in the following lines “the service past. around the pious man, With ready zeateach honest rustic ran, E’en children followed with endearing wile, 4nd pluck’d bis gown to sbare the good man’s smile.” ‘The old fashioned Gothic church in the background is well introduced. No. 103. Portrait of a Lady, painted by Mrs. H. Duseell, bono momber. ell executed, but rather the portrait of a young lady, if we may judge from the girlish appearance. The shade cast by the bonnet over the upper part of the face, and also that cast by the head across the neck, is very cleverly done. The flesh is also very well colored. _ 104. The Natural Bridge, Virginia, panes by F. E. Church, N. A. Possessor, Cyrus W. Field.” A. very good representation of this wonderful freak of nature. 109. Richelieu, painted by D.M.Carter. A group of figures—too ficial, however, in their attitudes —illustrating the following lines of the play:— “Around her form I draw ‘The awful circle of our solemn ehurch! Set but « foot within that holy ground, And on thy head—yea, though it wore a crown— Tlaunch the curse of Rome!”” 113. Repudiation, painted by A.F. Tait. In this pic Pistol is Pol ace to be represented by Davidge—attitude good, depicting truthfully the swaggering braggadocio. Bardolph’s nose we should like to have seen a /eetle redder, and Nym not to have Leen placed so much in the, background. Perhaps, however the artist is rightin making Pistol so promi- neutly conspicuous:— Base js the elave that pays!’’ 116. The Parse on Lake George, painted by J. Carlin. This picture illustrates a scene in Cooper's novel of the “Last of the Mohicans:”"— “The clumoroua sound of lv Gros Serpent,’ ‘la Longue Cars bine ’ le Cerf Agile,’ burst at once from the canoe. d to give new zeul t> the pursuers. The er in his left hand, and elevating it ove his bead, be shook it ip triumph at his enemies ' 117. Portrait of a Lady, painted and owned by J. H. Cafferty, associate. This struck us being about the best painted portrait in the collection. No. 126 Greup of Children. Portraits. Painted by George A. Baker, N.A. Possessor William Post. We cannot say much in commendation of this picture. There is a want of that expression and of that ani- wuticn in the eyes and features which are so charac- teristic of childhood. A family group we should Suppore. 3 Ne 127. Portrait of Setter and Game. Painted by William J. ae associate. Owned by R. Leroy. The dog locks halt-starved, and one of the fore legs, which is stretched out, is very unnatural. No. 134. The Penitent.” Painted by Samuel Walker. A wicked looking penitent. The dra is very good, coloring excellent, but the hai shockingly executed. ° No. 208. View of Montreal. Painted by E. White- field. In oe ple re we have a birdseye view of the city, which is clearly and well depicted. It is ae @ unique = imen of the kind, displaying much architectural correctness. The only tault we have to complain of is the appearance of the water, which 1s painted too dark. No. 211. Negro portraits, drawn by D. Strother. Owner, William Kemble. No. 212. A Negro portrait. Do.,do. Two clever pencil sketches, showing much humor and skill in depicting the grotesque, 0. 214. Landscape Composition, painted by A. Andrews. Good. The antumnal tints of the foliage contrast well with the evergreen of some other trees. No. 220. Portrait of a Gentleman, drawn in cray- on, by Vincent Colyer, associate. Owner, Dr. James Foout reized seat ony our fall © ports of merchandise gets to be A meeting of the stockholders of the Montgomery Mia- ing Company will be held om the 7th of June proxime, at the office of the company, (Insurance Buildings, Wall street.) for the election of directors and officers ef the company for the ensuing year. The stock is now prinel- Leconte te ol ns aang who are determined to pre ex it of mam sine economically. Economy, with the professional aié ef such men as D. Jackson and Mr. Hayos, of Boston, will soon determine the practicability of the scheme. The Mansgement of the company will devolve upon mea whe are bona fide owners of the stook, and who are entirely disconnected with the doubleshuifile of wall street. The quantity and value of foreign dry goods entered a¢ this port for consumption, for warehousing, and the withdrawals from warehouse, during the week ending May 19th, in each of the past two years, were ae annexed :— MOVEMENTS IN Fo) ier ne P besa 1868, 7 jue. PI Value. Manufactures of wool.. bf 996,795 Ss $348 738 Do. 53.453 407 = 89,5 Do. 98,200 «3838338, 188 Do. 62,758 367 80.008 Miscellaneous...... 87 577 68 41,1 Total......... eereeee 1,069 $348,774 2,113 $899,168 Withdrawn from We Manufactures of wool.. “52 $20 392 63 «($18,715 Do. cotton 23 5,274 76 «10986 16 = 30,063 188 38.988 26 «8476 19 8 68D 650 6,919 7 ry 876 $96,114 854 $72,120 Entered for Ware I wool... 130 Forts 187 $49 538 Manufactures of Do. 7,617 18,422 865 cotton 68 3 Total value put on market week endiog May 19th $413,888 $971 298 It will be seen by this statement that in the same week this year the amount put on the market was double that of last yeur. The aggrogate is large for the seasom, which is attributable to the arrival of certein descriptions of goods, intended for the early fall trade, at am eaclier time tban usual. ‘The annexed statement exhibits the quantity and value of articles, other than dry goods, imported into this port during the week ending and including Friday, May 20, 1863:— Commerce oF THE Port or New York.—WRELY Imromrs. Undresseddo, — Teeches..... 9 Lith. stones. 24 Liquore— Brandy .... .1,713 ials Brass, manu. 12 Copper Ingo Dor ‘sheathing 939 Bichd powd’s 445 Bronze, do,... 5 Bicarb, soda.4.118 Brimstone... . 1,288 settat Septet tas Bye 64 Farthenware. 589 Engravings , 36 Firecrackers 1,000 Phewerks..... 1 Freb— Be. seebisike Seaerwvuees acegaegea Sellers, Junior. The light aud shade of the face in this crayon drawing is well done. The hair, as well as the moustache, is not so well hit off. No. 223. View in Jacob's Valley, Kingston, Ulster County, N.Y. Painted by James Smillie, N. A. Light tints not sufficiently relieved. FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL, MONEY MARKET. Sunpay, May 22—6 P. M. During the week just closed, the stock market bas been copsiderably depressed. The fluctuations from day to day have been more moderate than we have preriously noticed, but the tendancy has beea more generally down- wards. Quotatiors current at the close yesterday, com- yared with thoie ruling at the close of the week previous, sbow a decline for nearly all the leading fancies. The more solid substantial class of securities bas slightly advanced. ‘The tevdancy downward continues, and the prodability is that lower prices wi'l rule at the end of the present week. ‘Thee are no indications of @ return of the speculative fecligg which a few weeks since gave so much activity to the market. Holders are exceedingly anxious to realize, but there are no outside buyers in the street. Monwy matters are ea-y enough With a fair demand for capital the supply continues abundant. The beaks dircoua liberwlly, and moderate rates of interest are current Notwithstanding this favorable state of things, speculs- tien in fancy storks is, we fear, dead for the present. It is very veloom we see at this sexsoa of the year euch quiet ties at the stock exchange. We hardly know what to make of this apathy on the part of operators Nearly all the clements of speculation are plenty avd cheap enough. Confidence, however, is wanting. With out that all the rest are uses, Confdence is entirely” gone and it will require a long Ferien of most favorable clrewmetances to reinstate it even partially in its former porition. In the meantime, holders must make tue best of their burden, ‘The sales at the Mining Board Saturday morning were a follows:— 100 sbares Phoenix Coal.... 60 do Middletown Lead 160 do Ulster Lead, b60.. 2 100 do 1% 60 do 4 10 do 26 £00 do 2% 400 do 7 the Hanover Bevk. 19 about establishing a new bank, to be called the “Atlantic Back of New York,” with» capt tol of four hundred thousand dollars Tho exportation of specie from this port last week and for the year ha» been ## annexed :— recis FROM THR Port or New Yori <WIPMENTS OF ee A rpool, rpecie. $615 450 Steemer Arts, L no wT sjcawer Hermann Southampton. 400,000 Total, May 14 to May 21,.... $1,016 427 Previogsly reported... 4. 4 274,470 Tor 1 for 1868. eon 290,607 st weekly chipment we huve reported «look fortan increase from this time This is the heay | for wteng time 28T 61.287 ‘27,842 18 678 9,921 8.10T 6,658 ‘oe 108 Honey F ool. 37,855 Judia rubber. & Waate.. . 2,508 Indigo....... 4 541 Goods for C. P. Ipstru. mos. 51 4,502 Exhibition. 45 12,068 Do. nautical. 2 665 Other imports 64 6.707 Total value of merchandise put fon market week ending May 2 suse +» $2,101 T6R Do, dry goods 4 do. ‘O71, 330 It appears that about one-third of the aggregate was compored of foreign goods. Among the other general ar‘icles of import the principal items were as follows = Coffee, $125,(87; madder, $43,941; furs, 65,384; India rubber, $41,768; undressed skins, $47,923; brandy, $4,227; molasses, $37,155; copper sheathing, $49,668; iron, $62,073, railroad irom, $112 750; lead, $72,176; tin, $116,642; plantain bark, $66,547; sugar, $900,128, tea, $62,448; watches, $51,287; goods for the Crystal Palace entered are valued at $12,066, CITY TRADE REPORT. s Sarcrpay, May 21-6 P.M. Breapsrvrrs—Flour tended strorgly downward, aaa though no actual transactions were reported below our inside figures, some were rumored at prices 65¢0. per DUA ere, which it was presumed would be the opening rates of Monday next. The day's business included 8,000 bbls. aaa ths bad * 18% ; 87% : ordioary to favorite State and mixed common to geod Ubio, at $4 75 a $4 8734 ; favey gee y eune Ke hah . Genesee, at $5 8 ; fane: a $6 16%; extra Indiana “and. Michigan, at 95 123% 6 60; extra Obio, at $6 26 a $6 81% ; and extra ree, at 86 12% a 80 per bbl Canad'an remained as poticed Southern was rather more sou enles comprised 1,600 bbis. at $5 a $5 for mixed: good ; $5 313, $5 66% for favorite ; and $5 62% 8 86 for favey per bbl. hye flour and corn meal werenom- irally We seme Wheat displayed greater vigor. The rales embraced 2.600 bushels Genesee white, ‘a handsome article ) at $1 50, ard 2,700 inferior Cal CY ia bond, at $1.08 per bushel” Rye and barley onntinued wa: changed ‘snd Western oats were in at 48¢ 8 per bushel Coro ap paged ; a fs rs ihert Anatoe ‘a Te for yeRlow Jersey and Southera. Corton 7 bar! he day were 2,100 at prices Y et, “ oe erarte Rates, wore dull, and bg eer were = For } iverpool. the Sovereign of the thant 500 bales cotton at 9 324: 1.000 bbis. roxin, at fd., and 70 tons hider at 208, There was very li done by other verrels, while rates were nominally the seme Athip was engaged to load at Quevec for Liverpool at 40s, Ty Havre cotton sas at 3c: ashes at $8 and re aed bork at $10, There wae nocbing new ‘To Gr ifornia, 600 bbls, flour were engaged at par foot srement. The gesers) rags waa from So. t Clippern nearly load jo. per foot. }Rovmt-ne —-Pork was pretty brisk We notved rales of C00 While, Bt $18 Lb for prinie; $15 8734 w 616 for mer and $11 for lear, is pe Gul maoata wore more ie af er, We heard that pac! + fount nb3ge for dry ealied shoulder: ; 340m 0010" piehled Ta fk w BXKe ior ary salted hams; and 83/m 040 1 Jo. yer It Lard evinced extraordinay ion god te ing been operated on to the extent of LRN nty, amd Lome, chiefly at 920. a 100. per JP. | aon bli euleable at former quotation: aoae ‘ine, $6 12% @ Ainpo ed Cf at Sh m6 60 for grimly Pe try sabeN5 cod Oke extre meas pot bbl New h pot im much juset, A irettor Western New York: Co, por lb, Cheese was ob + freely tendered, © for Onioy Ie. ® 4 216, for UrenKe tain spiert fe ate perlb butter at 9,