The New York Herald Newspaper, March 22, 1853, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON GENNETT, PROPRIETOR ANB EDITOR, ‘errice N. -W. COBNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU 8M. LMS cash im g?: WEEKL AMUSEMENYS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Rac Picxen oF Pal nas amp um Stazp. fi ie ¥ TH@ATRE, Broadway—Vinoiwive—' pRROADY AY, TPT yatsae? — N’S THEATRE, Chambers street-—Manev Wivae eo Winteon= Thre Sais mis~ ONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—Womas's sar yae Canrentan or Rouse Kasai, WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway—Oup Heaps asp Youne Hxaxts—Raisine rux Winp. AMBRICAN MUSEUM—Afternoon—Bamnoozrine—His Last Lyos. Eveaing—Deap Suor—Biue Beann. @?. CHARLES THEATRE, Bowery—Wittow Corss— Vouxst Ross. OBRISTY’S OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broadway—Ermrerian Macovize by Cukisty's Orens Taours. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musical Hall, 444 Brosd- way—Erwiorian MineTRELsy. GIRCUS, 87 Bewery—Equsernias Enrantainuents, GRORAMA, 58 Broadway—Banvarn’s Panorama ov wns How Lan. " “et RISLEY’S THAMES, at 406 Broadway. EOPE CHAPEL—Dn. Vavsrtive. OOOO New York, Tucsday, Mareh 22, 1853. —_———————————————————EEEE——— 3 Malis for Europe. - THE NEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. » Fhe Cunard steamship Africa, Capt. Harrison, wil : ave this port a noon on Wednesday, for Liverpool. = Subscriptions and- advertisements for any edition of ‘the New Yorn Herarp will be received at the following places in Europe:— Laverroo1—Jolii Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street. Lospox—Edward Sandford & Co., Cornhill. be ‘Wm. Thomas & Co., No, 19 Catherine street. Paris—Livingston, Wells & Co., Rue de la Bourse, « B. H. Revoil, No. 17 Rue de la Banque. The European mails will close in this city at half-past ‘ten o'clock. ‘The Wesx iy Hena.p will be published at half- past nine @’clock to-morrow morning. sixpence. Single copies, in wrappers, The News. The United States Senate chamber is reported to dave been crowded yesterday by a brilliant auditory, including nearly all the foreign diplomatists, who were anxious to hear the speech of ex-Secretary Everett on Central American affairs. As was anti- cipated, Mr. E.’s remarks were entirely of a pacific eharacter. He repeated that Great Britain was de. sirous of abandoning the Mosquito protectorate— that she had already conceded several important points in order to settle the difficulties that have grown up with regard te Central America—that it is ef yital interest to the English, to the commercial and manufacturing classes especially, to preserve amicable relations with this country, and for that reason, if for no other, their rulers wouldjnever again @onsent to break the bonds of friendship. This wtrengthens the belief hitherto expressed in this journal, that, upon hearing of the recent hostile ope- vations of the royal steamer Devastation against Honduras, the British government would wholly and unqualifiedly repudiate them. With regard to the acquisition of territory the expansion of our repub- lic—Mr. Everett spoke as every true American should. He was proud of our increasing strength, and met Young America more than half way in his progressive ideas. President Pierce was handsomely complimented for the foreign appointments thus far made; and Mr. Everett hoped that he would exhibit equal discrimination in selecting a minister to Cen- tral America, a mission at this time of far greater importance than one to anycourt in Europe. This speech is calculated to make a decided impression, and will find favor with all parties--not excepting even Young America. Prior to going iuto executive session, the resolution of ex-Secretary Clayton was tabled, at the suggestion of Mr. Mason, who stated that the President would furnish the information de- sired without being called on for it. This will pro- bably give this long agitated subject a resting spell. It is understood that Mr. Mason will to-day endeavor to bring forward the Tehuantepec question. Should he succeed, an exciting debate may be anticipated. Our correspondents, as usual, furnish considerable information relative to appointments, the chances and positions ef the different applicants, &c. The moet important nomination that came to light yester- @ay was that of Dudley Mann,as Assistant Secretary @f State, of which we have spoken elsewhere. It is whispered that Mr. Stanton is to have the mission to Central America, and that no objection will be made should George Sanders desire to go to Central Africa, or any other warm climate. Decidedly the richest and most curions feature of the gossip front Washington is that relative to the operations at the census office yesterday. It is said that the heads of about one hundred clerks were de- eapitated in that department yesterday—leaving only seven or eight behind. But this was merely a prelude to the excitement thereabouts. Mr. Kenne- dy, the late Superintendent, backed by a writ of re- plevin and # deputy marshal, marched in and carried out two or three cartloads of documents, rumored to have been mostly prepared by the clerks recently en- gaged in the offiee. What's to be done now? It is feared that the international copyright treaty is booked for the season. Having been referred to a committee who haye not acted on it, it will hardly be returned to the Senate in time for action prior to the adjournment. The injunction of secresy will proba- ~ bly be removed. Nearly the whole of yesterday was occupied by the “State Senate in the third reading of bills. A num- ber of measures of considerable importance to the in- habitants of this city were pmssed, as will be seen by the report of the proceedings. The Liquor Traffic bill- was made the special order for this afternoon. The Assembly was mostly engaged in the reception of reports. A short debate took place on the subject of the Code; and, during the afternoon, Mr. Stewart made a personal explanation, setting forth that cor- ruption had entered the ha, and endeavored to bribe one of its members. Ffty dollars had been offered to one gentleman to secure his vote. Who- ever made such a proposition certainly placed a very Jow estimate on conscience. The matter is to be in- vestigated forthwith. @By the arrival of the steamer Crescent City, from Havana, we are to-day enabled to publish several very interesting letters from our Cuban correspon- dents, relative to the present state of affairs on that island. Vice-President King’s health remained out the same as per last advices, and he has ex pressed a design of returning home next month. Late advices from Santa Fé represent the country as quiet and business still greatly depressed. The Chihuahua revolution is reported to have been au utter failure. The party who brought this informa- tion experienced very severe weather, and met large pumbers of Indians on the plains. The news elsewhere given from Mexico will be foand unusually entertaining. The Mexicans may certainly be classed among the strangest of modern The navigation of the North river and Lake Brie has been resumed. Boats from this eity reached | Albany yesterday, and despatches from various points on Lake Erie announce the ice to be broken mp and disappearing. Steamers have already re" gamed their trips between Cleveland, Ashtabula, Brie, &c. By telegraph from Boston we have some additions’ Ywuctionéf the ship Golden Light. The names of the missing and saved are given, and hopes are ex- pressed that the former will their appear ance ascong their friends, as'the bedts in whieh they left the abip were new, and stroug enough to with- stand ‘apy sea they were likely to encounter. The Golden Light was insured for nearly $295,000. ‘The Supreme Court General Term have announced that their decisions will be rendered on the 28th inst. We may, therefore, look out fer that im the injunction case against the grantees of the Broadway Railway A railway or no railway—that is the question. Nous werrons. The New York amnaal trade sale of books, sta- ionery, stereotype plates,.4c., was commenced with great spirit yesterday morning, at the rooms of Messrs. Bangs Brothers and Company, in Park Row. It will continue until Saturday. More spurious California passage tickets were brought under the cognizance of the Police court yesterday. Some twothousand dollars have been ex- tracted from the pockets of the poor passengers. The evidence in the case will be found clsewhere in this day’s paper. Inquests were held yesterday upon the bodies of two unknown men, which were found, at different points ofthe river, drowned. One lost his life on Sunday, and the other body appeared to have been in the water for some time. ‘The body of a male infant was found lying upon the grass in St. Paul’s churchyard. Coroner Hilton held an inquest, when it appeared that the child was prematurely born. Justice Osborn committed a man named William Haley to the city prison, at 3 o'clock on Sunday after- noon, for gross intoxication. The man was seized with a fitof apoplexy at eight, and died, despite the prompt medical aid which was rendered. The following is a brief list of a portion of the con- tents of our inside pages:—Political and Gossiping Letters from London and Paris; Extract from the London Times, relative to the Presidency of Gen. Pierce; The Trouble between Kossuth and Mazzini —Letters of the Hungarian and Italian Liberators; List of Prices paid for the Effecta of Daniel Webster at Washington; Commercial, Court, Theatrical and Miscellaneous Intelligence; Advertisements, &c. The Collins steamer: Atlantic is fully due with four days later European news. The Strikes and the True Policy of the Operatives. There is some ground for apprehending that the recent strike at Baltimore is the precursor of a series of similar demonstrations on the part of the operatives throughout the country. In New York, especially, fears of a general agita- tion for higher wages are entertained by many of those who are interested in the preservation of a good understanding between employers and employed. High rents are the chief ground as- signed for these fears, It is stated—and, we re- gret to say, incontrovertibly shown—that an operative’s present wages will not pay for a suitable lodging at the present rents. Shelter from the cold and rain is the first want of the civilized man—the New York operative states that he cannot pay for shelter, and his state- ment is true. Here is a grievance which must be account- ed for, then remedied. The rise in the value of real estate is not natural. It cannot be ex- plained on any theory of the growing prosperi- ty of the country. Prosperous we are undoubt- edly, but not to such an extent as will account for the exorbitant prices at which city lots are now eelling. Real estate is out of all propor- tion to the value of labor, money, and mer- chandise. The recent rise is abnormal, acci- dental, and must be ephemeral. It results from the fever of speculation. which is yet raging in Wall street. Real estate holders have allowed themselves to be so far deceived by their hopes as to set an immoderate value on their proper- ty, and a cimilar delusion has afflicted purcha- sers. The extraordinary expansion of credit has offered to the mercantile community un- usual promise of wealth, and the realization of this flattering promise has been anticipated by sll thore who would he indirectly venctttved hy its occurrence. We hardly need here repeat our firm convic- tion that the promise will never be realized in full. Money will, we doubt not, continue to be made by shrewd operators in a legitimate busi- ness. But those schemes which are got up on the strength of the expansion of the day must collapse and burst. Then Wall street will re- sume a more healthy tone. Then real estate will fall to its real value. What is to be done meanwhile? If the rise in rents is purely accidental, and can be laid to the charge of no class of individuals in particu- lar, then those should bear it who are best able, Not the operative, who barely earns enough to | support his family, but the employer, whose | profits in these times must be enormous. The latter reaps a rich harvest from periods of com- mercial activity like the present. Shall it be said that the cause which pours gold into the pocket of the employer ought to impoverish the operative? If, on the other hand, any are rightly charge- able with the crime of having raised rents above their value, it is assuredly not the workmen, but the employers, who own and deal in real es- tate. On them ought to fall the burthen. They and they only ought to pay the penalty of their rash and cruel experiment. We hold, that so soon as it can be shown that the rate of wages paid in any particular trade is inadequate to provide the workmen with fit and proper lodgings—and we believe it has been shown already—that rate of wages ought to be increased. We consider it to be undoubted in principle ; and we doubt not for an instant that employers would find it the best policy in prac- tice. Men who are ill-lodged or ill-fed will not work well. At the present day, no one who employs labor needs to be told that his own in- terests, and those of his workmen, are identical. The principle once established, the means of putting it in practice remain to be considered. And we will here take the opportunity of record- ing an indignant protest against those pseudo- philanthropists who are for ever dinning into the ear of the operative communist notions about his “ rights,” and the “tyranny of eapi- tal;” and who. under guise of serving his in- terests, are laboring with a will to effect his ruin, and that of all society. These miscreants we apologise for the term, but the doctrines they inculeate make an honest man’s blood boil h done their best to convince workmen that the present organization of society is all wrong, and that it were a wise and a humane thing to knock it to pieces, and try to build it up on a new basis, Ideas of reconstruction they have none—indeed it would be a bitter irony to ask for such from the'prejectors of Brook Farm. All they ask is to be allowed to pulldown. Faithful to the cause in this emergency, they hypocritically denounce strikes; but, at the same time, they call upon the workmen te “ put the word ahead of the blow.” The parish demagogue re- minded the mob that stones were at hand, and that glass was brittle; then, pointing to the windows of the unpopular magistrate, entreat- ed his hearers not to break them. So the men © pd very jmiresting information concerning the dew. | we speak of let not a week pase without re. ie eee eee minding the workmen of their power, and the injustice that is done them, and conclyde the homily with a mock appeal to their forbearance, Such demagogues are the enemies of the whole community; the enemies of men of pro- perty, whose houses they would goad a mob of hungry men to sack—the enemies of the ope- ratives, whom they would lead on from vio- lence to crime, from robbery to murder and starvation. = We entreat the workmen to believe that the world is not so radically bad that it would be a mercy to destroy it. There is much good, much justice, honesty of purpose, and manliness of design, to be found in it. Evils, we know, beset humanity in every shape; and not the least of these is the rant of knaves and maniacs whose mouths we cannot stop. But still, we venture to say, there are few wrongs in the world which cannot be remedied, or very greatly alleviated, by an honest endeavor, made in a proper spirit, and with becoming moderation. In the case we are now considering, for ex- ample, we have every reason to believe that a mild remonstrance, setting forth the facts and figures of the case, and showing the inadequacy ofthe present rates of wages, would be imme- diately successful with the more enlightened employers, and ultimately so with all. This is the course which all true friends of the work- men will advise them to pursue. They should act unitedly; and while they stand by each other, never forget that both they and the em- ployers are component parts of the same ma- @ine, which cannot be injured without hurting both. Of systematical refusals, on the part of all the workmen in any particular trade, to continue to work on the same terms as before, we have. on many occasions, expressed our opinion. A strike involves a cessation from labor, both on the part of employers and employed—hence an absolute loss to both parties and to the commu- nity of the net value of their time. The coun- try is a loser of many thousands a day when- ever a strike takes place. This is a misfortune, which no true patriot will willingly bring about. Again. the workmen need not be told that if it comes to a test of endurance between the em- ployers and themselves, the former have by far the better chance. The one loses money he can spare—the other bread he must have. Feartul odds against the operative ! y Mr. Wensster’s Wasuincton Hovsenonp Forniture at Avctioy.—We give elsewhere in this paper a catalogue of the articles of the late Mr. Webster’s household and kitchen farniture of his establishment at Washington., and the prices affixed. which the said articles brought at auction. Considering the world-wide repu- tation of the great statesman, and the future historical value of anything which may have belonged to his goods and chattels, we had sup- posed that those effects of his house at Washing- ton would have brought a much higher range of figures. But Washington was alresdy full of |’ the household relics of Presidents, Vice-Pre- sidente, cabinet officers, foreign ministers, &c., sold at auction from time to time; and among them are, no doubt, many of the housekeeping articles that did good service at various times for Daniel Webster. Then, too, we must remember, that the advent of a new administration overstotks the auction marts of Pesnsylvania avenue with second-hand furniture, and that, on such occa- sions, it goes often to the lowest bidder. About these times. for example, the members of the late cabinet are selling out, anda large number of their subordinates, high and low, will soon be following their example. The new set com- ing in buy a portion of these remains of their predecessors: but they also make new contribu tions to the general supply. These periodical changes, including the supplies added to the stock on hand by members of Congress, and sold out by them when they leave, make the city of Washington the most abundantly sup- plied and the cheapest market for second-hand furniture and second-hand politicians in the world. Now is the time to buy. AGoop Appomntwent—Among the various appointments to office: bad, and indiffer- ent—already made by the administration, that of Mr. Dudley Mann, as Asgistant Secretary of State, can hardly fail of giving universal satis- faction. For the last ten or twelve years, more or less, he has been in the service of the govern- ment in various parts of Europe, and will be particularly remembered as the agent appoint- ed by Gen. Taylor to recognise, on the first op- portunity, in behalf of the United States, the independence of Hungary. He is intimately conversant with the mysteries and trickeries of European diplomacy, and this knowledge will be of great service to Secretary Marcy. In- deed, our new Premier has shown considerable foresight in thus seeuring the services and prac- ticad experience in the duties of his department of such a proficient as Dudley Mann. We are only fearful that the hit in this instance will be over balanced by a narrow-sighted and bun- gling soft shell policy in a good many other cases, A new patch, however, upon the old breeches is a good beginning. It is so. A MIsTaKE IN THE Man.—We cheerfully give place to the following correction of a mistake in the editorial columns of yesterday's Herawn. The reader will please bear in mind that “ the author of the Eleazer Williams humbug” is not the Rev. Mr. Hanson of the Methodist Episcopal church, who enjoys alittle clerkship at Wash- ington, but it is the Rev. Mr. Hanson. an officiating priest in Dr. Hawkes’ church, in this city:— Yor, March 19, 1853. ERALD will find, on inquiry, that Rev. J. H. Hanson, author of the Eleazer Wil- liams humbug, is neithér a Methodist clergyman, nor a clerk at Washington, as stated in to-day’s aper; but he is a priest of the Protestant Episcopal church, and assistant minister to Rey. Dr. Hawkes, of Calya- ry church, in this city. Shortly after the reception of the above note the Rev. Mr. Hanson, accompanied by another highly respectable and intelligent gentleman, called at this office ; and, at their instance, the writer of this art and another of our edi- torial bureau, went up, last night. to see the Rev. Mr. Williams, at his quarters, between Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth streets, on Fourth avenue. We fonnd at the house the Rev. Mr. Hanson and his friend. and the Rey. Mr. Williams, and two young men of the Genet family. Various books. portraits, and papers were produced, in corroboration of the Bourbon story; and Mr. Eleazer Williams, an evident believer in his Bourbon origin, kindly consented to be closely examined. He certainly, by gas light, looks like a Frenchman, and has the apple-shaped head, apex up. of the royal Bour- The editor of the F ‘Tux Ganper Trut.—We have laid before our readers the opening statements to the jury of the counsel for the United States and the counsel for the defendant in the trial of Dr. George A. Gardner for perjury in the matter of his tremendous award, secured from the govern- ment for indemnification of alleged damages resulting from the Mexican war to an immense silver mine, which, he says, he had been work- ing to great profit in the State of San Luis Potosi. And having thus given to the public what the prosecution expect to prove, and the grounds of the defence, we shall be constrained, from the pressure upon our columns of other matters, for the present, to limit our report of the witnesses from day to day, toa brief sum- ming up of the gist of their testimony. From the progress and the developements made in this extraordinary trial, there is no telling when it will close, or what will be the end of it. First of all, there is 9 sum of upwards of $428,000 involved—a mighty temptation to the lawyers on both sides to contest the issue to the last extremity. Second, the defendant, to whom this amount of money has been awarded, is indicted fer ®@ State prison offence, that of perjury, in getting up his claim. Thirdly, if he wins, he can afford to pay his counsel right royally—if he loses, they cannot expect anything extra. Hence, their client may at least depend upon their fidelity to his cause. He may also con- gratulate himself on having two of the ablest lawyers in Washington, and one of the first in South Carolina—a partner, if we are not migta- ken, of Gen. Waddy Thompson—to manage’ his case; while on the part of the United States, Mr. Henry May and the District Attorney, Mr. Fen- dall, have proved their metal in many a hard- fought contest heretofore. Thus far, the witnesses brought forward by the government present a singular grouping of odd characters. There is Mr. Togno, a native Corsican, but an adopted citizen of Pennsylva- nia, living for many years in Mexico, pursuing the lucrative business of a tailor; and there is Mr. Lewis, an Englishman, born at Marseilles, but who has lived among the Mexicans so long that he speaks his native language with a Span- ish accent; and Senor Alexander Atocha, a Spaniard by birth, an American citizen by adop- tion, but for five or six years occupying towards the Mexican government, asa broker and money lender, a position somewhat analogous to that of Corcoran & Riggs, at Washington. Then there is Mr. James Wright, originally of New York, a regular Jack-of-all-trades in Mexico— a practical operator in various silver mines—a stage driver—the ring-master of a circus—and a balloon ascensionist, among his various employ- ments, from time to time. And, somewhat to the prejudice of the testi- mony of these gentlemen, all of theni, except Mr. Lewis, has had some bad luck in his claim against the government, as compared with the good fortune of Mr. Gardner. Mr. Togno says he put in a claim of $80,000, for damages to his goods and business of two or three stores, dur- ing the three or four months of his expulsion from Mexico, with other American citizens, and that the government commissioners only allow- bons, The collateral evidence brought forward in his case was consistent, and very curious; but we await its publication before submitting any further op'nion upon the ‘Eleazer Williams humbug.” ed him some fourteen hundred and odd dollars, while they awarded to Gardner, who. he says, had no claim at all, nearly half a million; Mr. Atocha has a claim of $467,000, for kis losses on account of the war; but as yet he has got noth- ing, while, as he declares. he believes the claim of Gardner a downright rebbery. Mr. Wright, algo, has aclaim for services rendered during the war. Now, when we consider that govern- ment set apart only $3,225,000 for the payment of all these Mexican claims, the prejudice of the dirappointed claimants againet Gardner's claim may be readily accounted for. About one half or more of his award is enjoined by the go- vernment. and if he is ousted. some two or three hundred thousand dollars will be recovered for the satisfaction of other claims remaining un- satisfied. The cross-examination of the aforesaid , witnesses shows that the defence intends to make the best use of their unsatisfied claims against them, Other witnesses, however, have testified. point blank, to the presence of Gardner at Mazatlan: and other places on the Pacific side of Mexico, as a practising dentist, and a speculator in mer- chandise in a small way, at the very time he claims to have been working his silver mines among the mountains of San Luis Potosi, em- ploying a force of five hundred men, and steam engines, and men ofscience, and all that. This is a very extraordinary feature in the case- Perhaps some of those five hundred men, and those steam engines, and men of science, will make their appearance before the trial is over; but certain it is that the government com- mission, after offering a reward of five hundred dollars for it, could not find the mine, nor even the steam engines, nor anything belonging to it. Upon this branch of the case we must await the witnesses for the defence. We have no in- tention nor desire to anticipate them or the jury in our judgment of the case. The prisoner has been denied a speedy trial; it is due, at least. that he should have a fair one. It is due, also, to the ends of justice. that all the parties in. terested in this magnificent award should be called to the stand; for, if the claim is a frand, -the defendant, we apprehend, is not alone re- sponsible for it. It is impossible that he could be. The case may yet occupy the court a couple of months, and by that time the court, counsel. and jury will have obtained some.con- siderable knowledge of the geography, topo- graphy, mineralogy, and morality of Mexico, at the public expense, whatever may be the issue of the trial. Tan@eCopyriout Quvestion.—Tue Tripune Axp THB TyMeEs.—The philosophers of the T'ri- bune, and the doughty little blue stockings of the Times, have got into “a very pretty quar- rel it stands,” on the copyright question. The philosophers say that while Master Ray- mond was in a disinterested position he was a mighty powerful advocate of an international copyright ; but now that he has become an em- ployee of the Harpers. he is but the instrument of his employers, and therefore disqualified to sit in judgment upon the question. Master Raymond, retorts upon the Tribune phi- losophers that his connection with the Harpers is not the thing--his arguments, his reasons against the copyright are the questions at issue. Meet them if you can. And then he says, substantially, that the Tribune philosophers, who were ready to give an opinion on the cura- tive properties of Watts’ Nervous Antidote for ten dollars, and who are up to their eyes in such speculations as New Jersey zinc, Lake Superior copper, and Grass Valley quarts mining, are not exactly the men to pronounce sentence upon an employee of the Harpers. Now, we are somewhat at a loss th decide which has the better of this gontroversy~ the venerable philosopher, seck- ing to turn an honest penny upon a rebel- lion in Ireland, or Hungarign bonds, or zine or copper stocks, or quack medicines, or anything that may turn up; or the man of the Times whose paper, pen, and brains are interested in the Harpers. The Tribune speculators, however, as far as the main question is concerned, have, undoubtedly, for once, the simple elementary principle of honesty and the. golden rule as the basis of their arguments. Nor can there be much sympathy of feeling among our literati with the deserter from the common cause, under protection of the common enemy. Still it is painful tosee the greater and the lesser Ajax of Sewardism thus clashing together, notwithstanding they prove against each other nearly all that has been charged against them by the Satanic press. Talk on Change. . The sales of cotton yesterday were 1,500 bales, at steady prices. Owing in part to the reported actual opening of navigation of the Hudson, flour was easier, and sales of State brands made at $450 a $456. Provi- sions were dull. Pork merchants were inclined to hold out against the downward tendency in prices. They argued that although the supply was much largef at the West, yet the field for its consumption had become greatly extended. There was @ vast increase in the number of railroad laborers, as well ag in the number of operatives, in all kinds of mining enterprises, whether in the Atlan. tic States, inCalifornia or Australia, all of whom would require supplies of pork and beef. ‘There was some conversation regarding the opening of the Amazon and La Plata rivers, with their tributaries. by the government of Bolivia. The movement was con- sidered of great importance to American commerce, and especially in a prospective sense, Itwas believed, however, that further negotiations would be required with Brazil, and probably with other South American provinces, before merchants could be induced to embark ina trade, however vast or inviting. It was thought that any new representatives sent to those governments should be men of acknowledged ability and profoundly versed in commercial affairs. Much would depend upon having those vast rivers opened to Ameri- can trade on a permanent basis, secured by treaty. Where revolutions are so frequent, and governments so often changed, a mere paper decree of a temporary ruler or congress is not sufficient to give confidence to com- mercial pursuits. Capital will omly seek employment through those channels where safety, with favorable re- turns, can be realized. It was suggested that at best, the developement of trade along the vast rivers of South Ameriea would, in the prefent condition of the world, be of slow pro- gress. The vast and rich gold fields of California and Australia toa great extent monopolized American enter- prise. Solong as clipper ships can be built and made to pay for their first cost in one or two voyages to thePacific coast, China and back, or vessels can be filled for Australia with passengers and freight, at good round paying rates, very little disposition will exist to make experiments in South America. The only thing, it was thought, which could turn the tide to the South American interior, would be the discovery of rich gold mines in that quarter, with free access to them. Extinct silver mines speken of by Lieut. Gibbs are something like extinct volamoes, the life and strength in them probably having been exhausted, But as Bolivia has offered s reward of $10,000 to the first captain who shall reach her territories in a steamboat, via the Amazon, or the La Plata and their tributaries, it is likely some American will get the prize. This may possibly be done by the captain of the El Paraguay, a small New York steamer. A highly respectable merchant, a native of this city, and who speaks French fluently, stated, pro contra to the HERALD account of yesterday, that an investigation was in progress, and approaching completion, which would eonclusively prove, as far as facts sworn to would establish it, that the Rev. Mr. Williams can be nothing less than the Dauphin. A house yesterday received a private letter from Mel- bourne, via England, which gave accounts of exorbitant prices of real estate and almost everything else there, and that trade was briek and gold plenty. Obituary. DEATH OF JUDGE MORRILL. It is with feelings of unfeinged regret that we record the death of Judge Elisha Morrill, who died at his late resi- dence, at Harlem, on the 7th instant, beloved and la- mented by a bereaved family. Judge Morrill was born in Henniker, New Hampshize, in the year 1774, and re- moved to this city im the year 1800, where he ever since resided, respected and admired by all who knew him. He was admitted a momber of the New York bar in 1809, wasa justice of the Fourth ward court for fifteen years, and was for several years Public Administrator, anda virtuous citizen, and a consistent democrat for his whole life—a man of unshaken constancy, inflexible integrity, unremitted industry. His mind was generous, open, sincere; his manners plain and simple, rejecting all du- plicity and disguise, as useless to his designs and odious to his nature. He was for reveral months conscious that the hour of his natural dissolution was fast approaching, and shortly before his death visited the place of his na- tivity, for the purpose of looking upon, for the last time, the scenes of his boyhood. We cannot conclude these remarks without adverting to the calmness and equa- nimity with which he met his fgte. His calmness was resignation to the will, his composure trust in the mercy of his God. Last APPEARANCE oF MADAME SonTac.—The engagement of Madame Sontag, which commenced at Niblo’s seven weeks ago, under very propitious circumstances, termi nated last evening with the most flattering marks of suc: cess. The house was crowded to its utmost capacity, every niche and ‘standing place being occupied, and the audience, which included some of the fairest and most fashionable ladies of the metropolis, were delighted and enthusiastic. To speak of the music of ‘“Sonnambula,”’ (the melody of which ever seems fresh and sparkling,) appropriately selected for the farewell of Madame Sontag, or to dwell upon the exquisite execution and conception of the fair cantatrice, which are alike grand and in- dicative of genius, would be but to iterate our former criticisms of one of the happiest efforts of the great eom- porer, and one of the most effective impersonations of this graceful lyric intewpreter. ‘Atthe end of the second act the applause was most enthusiastic, and three times was Madame Sontag called forth to receive the favors of the audience. The bou- quets were showered forth beyond number. Rever was the in better voice; she seemed, indeed, to transcend al} her previous efforts; and Pozzolini, Badiali, and Signora Mors never acquitted themselves more to the satisfac tion of the numerous and brilliant audience there as, sembled. Her farewell must have been flattering indeed. Madame Sontag was again called before the curtain at the termination of the opera, and received as many ‘‘flow- ery tributes’ as she and Sig. Pozzolini could remove from the stage. This attestation of respect and admiration of Madame Sontag was as well deserved by her as it was creditable to the brilliant assemblage who bestowed it. But the habitues of this temple of art will not be long deprived of the luxury of the lyric drama. A new troupe, combining artists of the highest order—the great con- tralto, Madame Albon!, Madame Steffanone, Signors Salvi, Mazzimi, Beneventano, and others—will appear on Monday evening next, in ‘Don Pasquale,” under the conductorrhip of Sig. Arditti, in the absence of Max Ma- tvek. This troupe in under the lesseeship and manage. ment of Mr. Lo Grand Smith, whose ability and practical éxperience give a guarantee ‘to the conduct of the opera and the success of the enterprise. Madame Sontag again in Court, FOURTH DISTRICT WARD COURT. W. H. Van Cott, Justice, 4 morning, John Butler appeared again in ir. James S. Sandford, his counsel, and made st Madame eae for a breach of con- Jayi damages at . ‘ATP Gelbraith appeared on behalf of Madame Sontag, and said that before pleading he would like to haye the complaint made more definite and certain. He wished to know who the alleged contract was with—with one or fendanta! as Meaford. Of course the husband is liable in ‘Yesterda; court, by a complaint law’ Galbraith—Then, I am to understand the contract e wife. “ir Sactord ih contract was made with the wife. Mr. Galbraith—Then in that case, I think I would de mur to the complaint, as it does not show sufficient on its face so pins the bee ot by Bi . 1d au e it was by his consent. Sette natorke-Oer tainly. Mr. Galbraith—Well, then, in that case, I will plead. ‘The answer isa general denial, and a counter claim for damages on account of breach of contract on the part of the Dlaintif. Mr. Sandford—Of course we deny the counter claim, and demand a jury. ‘The cause was then set down to be tried on Monday next, at 2PM. ‘ Superior Court—Part Second. Before Hon. Judge Bmmet. Manct 31,—In the case of Abraham Bell vs W. F. Leg- gett and others, an action on ten notes given te effect a settlement in the affairs of Barney Core, and to stop the 0) ition to his diseharge under the old bankrupt law, jury tbip day found a verdict for plaintiff of $1,607 49, New York Trade Sales. ‘The Afty-seventh annual New York trade sale of books, stationeryy writing papers, stereotype plates, &c., wag commenced yesterday morning, by Messrs. Bangs, Brothera and Company, Ne. 13 Park row. The reoms were erowd- ed during the day with contributors, the agents of con tributors, buyers, and purchasing agents. The fing weather permitted « very full representation of the trade, and we observed gentlemen present from New Maine, Michigan, Philadelphia, Boston, Oswego, and ale ‘most every State and important city inthe Union The beok contributors number about two hundred, the same commenencing with that of the firm of A®S, Barnes & Co., of this city, and running through every letter of the alphabet down to that of R. S. Young, also of New York. prederce peace took place in a room separate frouy , wi books + od Fag Eh o'clock each ¥ Publications, Catbolle and faginn tas with re one and other productions of James, Dickens, Ainsworth, Thackeray, Yarmertine, and many popular writer, wil ba Fisted wil be and on atiedey. “ab erokte tts Toe Eocotcns routine of bilaiee, aad iat etal ers ek terra) 8 of west, to Going,” ‘‘going,”” “going,” were agreeably inter by & summons trom Messrs. Bangs to the htoplint of ig they did with steh united is su ef Mr, Windustl every rank and dt repair to lunch. that the sumptuous viands furnished of Ann street were very soon pronor as ‘ gone” by he auctioneer. Court Calendar—This g Unarep Srares Dasrmscr Court.—Nos. 11, 63 to 61. - Surraxe Term.—Nos. 8, 11, 19,20, 24, 4 27, 28, 31, 44, 47, 53, 64, , 60, 61, 12, 76, 77, 86'40 80,01, 02, 49, 102, 108, 105, 00, * Tee tho, Suraeue Court—Cireuit.—Nos. 263, 204, 94, 366, 378. 2B, 841, 865, 370, 376 to 380, 382. : : Surrxia: Covet—Goneral Term—The term of this Couré,: Spened’on that ey merely fr ihe prow a joue on mere! e uo ment to the 28th ’ oa which Soy decisions will be Svurzuor Court—Two branches.—Nos. 46, 584, 586, soe 599, 600, 242, 512, 290, 197, 605, 608, 607, 608, 611, 613, 615, 616, 617, 618, 620, 621, 589, 567, 2085, 538, 202, 198, 508, 450, 500, B06, 182, 5 , 400, 725 245, 544, 628, 609, 663,’ 461, 158, 128, 174, 175, 176, —— A Dark Skin on a Man is Ex cusable, but on a woman it is absolutely abhorrent. No gentleman, however, can tolerate the prosence of frocklesy shes, ringworms, or other disfigurements upow nd, thexefore, Gouraud’s Italian Medicated Soap, is well knoWn to be certain remedy for those an ike evils,) is just as casential fora gentleman as % 8 use. Besides this, no gentleman should enter tha, hands, when it ist soap is: also the best shaving compound extant, and can be used im either hard or salt water. Gouraud’s Poudre Subtile wilk positively uproot superfiuous hair. Gouraud’s Medicated ‘air rative will positively force hair to grow on dale p its falling out, and turning prematurely Kin harsh, wiry bait soft, silky, and glossy. Goue uid. Roage is a superb article for coloring cheskes and Hps # beautiful rose color, immovable by rubbing with: cloth or handkerchief. Gouraud’s Lily White is an inno~ cent cosmetic for whitening and softening the skin. Re- member—the toilet preparations of DR. FELIX GOU- RAUD can only bo obtained genuine at 67 Walker street, first store from (not in) Bi ay. ‘Who would be Free themselves must Strike the blow.—Labor versus capital.—Important announce- ment to the daughters and sons of toil.—A committee from, Philadelphia, members of the late Seventh National Indus- trial Congress, reprei iandloom weavers, are now in New York to concert measures of co-operation to elevate: the laboring classes, independent of the priest, lawyer, of land speoulator. Those who are of opinion that ‘the Isborer, has the right to fix the value of his or her own labor, un- binssed by the capitalist employer—while he ig ready to de- fend the firesides of his country, by birth or adoption, from, foreign invasion or domestic insurrection—are invited to meet the committee at home, room 146, M Cortlandt street, to-day and’ to-morrow, from two to six” P.M., or address Sidney, office of United States Military Argus, 121 Fulton street, or Monthly Jubilee, Philadelphia. ¢ It matters not whether the Day be clear or cloudy, so perfect are the method and instramente of ROOT, No. 363 Broadway, that an exact and beautiful Daguerreo- type is always made by him. Crayon Daguerreotypes madq at no other place. R 50 Cent Sieh mens oner Reet by N. B. corner Grand and Bowery, are unexcelled, y, The; mitted to be the finest ever taken. Children are are ad- mn most a ter sell pictures without Phrenology in Jersey City.—Mr. Fowler will commence a course of lectures in Franklin Hall at 7! o'clock, on Wednesday ovening, March 23, and conti the 25th, Wth, th and 2th, The first lecture free. Seats for subsequent lectures, 123g cents. Public examinations at the cloge of each lectui Change but not Removal—George P. tailor, de.—to more extensive premises, second foor, Broadway, (gallery entrance.) Selling offat anyloss,tomake - room for an entire new stock of cloths, cassimeres, ready mada clothing, &e, Now.or never is the time for bargains. Tho present stock will be sold off, regardless of cost, or giver away, in single garments, one or more lots, to’ wholesale buyers and the public, Advertise your Business in the Country Pa- pers. To do so in the very best manner, in. the best papers, i he lowest prices, eall at the Commercial Advertising if WM. H. McDONALD, 102 Naseau street, corner, . Information freely given. Fleetwood.—The shares in this beautifar Jot of ground, situated within three-quarters of a mile from lount Vernon, are now nearly taken up. Maps are ready for members, and the staking out will soon be ¢o: We do not know of any organisation of this kind hel greater inducements, or that is more certain of s i Meotings are hold every Tuesday evening, at 187 Bowery, at o’clock. Diamonds for Sale, by the lot, er In parcels therefrom, to mit customers. Diamond crosses, pits, rings, ke., for 5: th prices, by DAVID RATT, lent porter, 381 wr of White street, up stairs, Pi are Chance.—Owing te Removal, a fow of T. Gilbert & Co.'s celebrated pianos, with and with- gut the Holian, will be sold, and monthly payments taken, if immediate application be made to HORACE WATERS, exclusive ageat, warerooms 333 Broadway, corner of An- second floor. way, 6 famous emporium of European fancy goods, No. 345 Broadway, w be seen nearly every variety and description: of’ Englia h, German, and Chinese iano goods, at the m and beautiful goods. by almost N. B.— will of course, g Tree.” The number is 345 Broadway. Paper and Stationery.—We son hand @ great variety of ac- low prices. Writing and tionery of every descrip- ., printed neatly. tioners, 63 Nassau street. Ministers, Consuls, and @, of the United States and foreign countries, resident United 8 can have their seals of office engraved bent arti Vv. LL’S, 302 Broadway, eorner of Duane street. Also, elegant card engraving and printing, heraldry engraving, &c. Excellent Advice.—We have, on several occasions, advised those who wish to obtain, at a reasonable price, a beautiful hat, to patronize the Pre Hat Store Blank manufacture and have alw: count ‘books, which we offer wre) paper, fancy and sta) Ton? bill onde, circulars, cards CARR & HICKS, in the by the Of KNOX & JAMES, at the corner of Broadway and Spring street, and have received from many quarters the assurance that thi advice.” Their price as really been “excellent d enroll ix but $4. Call an yourselves in their list of cus- tomers, Hats of the ing Fashion.—Knox hag made a decided “hit” with his now style of hats, andthe demand for them the past week has been univer If you wish to look upon something really beautiful, eall at 128 Fulton street, and examine his latest production, and you will acknowledge that, on this occasion, KNOX is even ahead of himself. The Crowd of Customers that daily throng the store of FREEMAN, the hatter, No. 90 Fulton street, is an evidence that his hats and his prices are popular. Prico $5 and $3 50; caps $1. Children’s hate of every quality and ty, Wholcenle and retail. Much has becn sald of Hats.—Satirea have been lannched’at, aud eulogistic poems have been written on, the bat of the present day. Genin’s hats, aud especially his hats for this «pring, fi ‘They speak for the \ to the Genin dress hat for the present season. Let i \ materfal, and general appearance, be contrasted with thosg of its compeers. ¥, opposite St. Paul's, tt reduced | waned LTY & PRRGUSON’S. the best assortment in the city, indew : ‘29 Broadway, one Window Shade and Curtain Store, door above Reade street. Jennings Is happy to inform his friends: bli¢ that he still continues at the old well-k 4 Fidton street, where he offers aperb j nd warranted to he 4 Palton etreet. clegant silver ware, as represented. Bookkeeping, Writing and Arithmetic, are taught in an expeditions and superior manner, by Mr. B. #. FOSTER, at &) Hrondway, where contlemen are qualified to discharge the dutics of e bookkeeper with aecaracy, prompti tude and derpateh, Prorpectus, with full particulars, may be had on application. To Shirt and Collar Manufacturers.—We now offor to the trade our improved Sewing Machines, ¢ ave been fally cially adapted to rtitehing fine linen tried in thie work, with enti prove that no other machine m well. © Bioadway. il ‘To-morrow ” ts tcustomer. When a set of shirt No. 1 Astor House, at sot time, ‘Phey fit, too, according to promise. He never say ell to-morrow,’ and his customers are never heard to express disappointment, . We advise our Renders not to be carried away by the flaming advertisements of those who profess to Work wonders in the region of shirts. They can purchase ne good shirts for nearly lia'f the money, or have them made to fneasure for almoet hall the price, by calling om our friend MeLAUGHLIN, corner of Chambers ind Greenwich streets, @lothing ‘Whulesal > Only—Ai Immense Ine mt ado res hy for the: of spring aud summer ing, m ‘alifornia trade, which we offer at Behe Men a coun, WILKINSON BROTHERS, Nos. # and 3) John street, corner of Nassau. Clothing, mado the most fash~ Pie sige Surable meaner eine 11 times be pro- comet on advantageous ty for Q L, POSTER'S clothing establishment, 27 Cortia stook of winter elothing, which will be sold “Prices, rect. A large ob groatly reduced s