The New York Herald Newspaper, December 17, 1852, Page 4

NEW. YORK HERALD. JAMES CORDUN BUNNEE, PROPETETOR AND EDITOR. eee ~~ GPRcE ¥. U. CORNER OF FULTON AxD NAgsAU OTs. Vi joidfon, Ova Fonsses aauy Requesrep ro nom. UB. py soit oer aryEns ty ail, for Subscription, or ofth Ad Anonymen communi aliens. we ao on reterationreecees Volume eneceeseees seseeeNO, 389, theworldy i weed, ComRusronpente be: ane aut Lerreas ooo AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWSRY FHRATRE, Bowery. -Hrenxw Sos—Barris oo | EDCEMOOR. | BROADWAY THEATER, Broadway.—Tue Prni-Tus Woman I sponz. IBLO'S.—Tex Basxrr Mauen'’s Wirz. RPATRM, Chambon cigeel-Gnaxsrarnan == mL Cake. MATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham sireet—Bntar Bo- re ev Tax Smannor—inetann As Ir was = ‘WALLACK'A THEATRE, Broadway.—Se2 Sroors ro Conquan-Kiarne rue WHITE'S THEATRE OF VARIETIES, 17 and 19 Bowe- wy—Dow (mean pe 6azsn—Cocnn Cxrpay—Ci ami, AMERICAN MUSEUM— Afternoon -Wannizp any Ser- vusp -M. Pf, Evening—Tam Srpancur. | @OORAMA, 686 Broad way—Bamvann's Panorama ov + Sux Movy Lanp. 6 BROABWAY.—MecnasioaL Exwisrrion. GURISTY'S OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broadwsy—Brmorun eee te Oem’ Miseranas ‘WOOD'S MINETRELS, Wood's Musica! Hall, 444 Broad- way.—Ermorian Minetn ersy. GIRCUS, 87 Bowery —Kevecstnisn Exren vainucn rs DOUBLE SHEET. New York, Friday, December 17, 1852. | The News. ‘There is an important movement on foot ‘n Wash- ington, in regard to our foreign relations and tho Yeeent movements of Franee in Hayti and Mexico. The present Congress intends to assume the initia- tive in supporting the new administration in taking bold and high ground in its relations with the strong powers of Europe, and in tho protection of the | weaker nations of the earth. Our Washington etter, published in another column, intimate; this. R would not at all surprise us to see an appropria- | tion of five or ten millions of dollars, to be placed un- veservcdly in the hands of General Pierce, for the preservation of peace and the honor of the republic in the approaching criss. We are entering upon an eventful period in our history. According to the despatch from our special cor- respondent, the different cliques of democrats at ‘ashingtor.are now as busily occupied in endeavor- g to supplant each other in the good graces of General Pieree, as they were before the election in advancing the caure of their particular candidate for the high station to which he has been called by an overwhelming majority of the people Our correspondent seems to think that Young America is somewhat disappointed, in consequence of General P.’s open aversion to /fillibusterism. It is also thought that all the old aspirants to the Presi- dential chair will be passed over, and that the incoming cabinet will be composed of mew men. Thess speculations do not amount to much. Any person at all acquainted with the past history of Gen. P., must certainly rest assured that he will'#trive to maintain our nation! honor, both at home and abread—that he will deal fairly with other powers, and will firmly insist upon a re- @iprocation of fair and honorabie dealing. (ne thing is quite certain—tiere will be no wavering or equivoeation about anything he undertakes. As to who wil] be his cabinet officers, that is a matter that he is capable of arranging himself, and which he | will, without any doubt, settle to the entire satis- faction of the masses who elected him, irrespective of the manceuvrings of petty cliques or factions. ‘We shail know al) about his cabinet on or about the 4th of March. Therefore, let’s keep quiet a little General Pierce has written to the Mayor of Balti- more that he will be in that place, for a few hours only, about. the middie of February ; consequently, he eannot conveniently sccept of the proffered hospi- talities of its ojtizons. Congress is getting along slowly, very slowly, { with the public business. Indeed, we may traly sey that nothing bas been done up to this time. Mr. King being still too ill to preside in the Benate, Mr. Atchison again took the chair. Petitions were | presented from Rochester, asking for remodios | against foreign piracy on American patents, andfrom | Charleston for the removal of the barin that harbor. A joint resolution was introdnced and roferred, au- thorizing the construetion of a suitable sword to be presented to the nearest male relative of the brave Ringgold, who fell onthe field of Pala Alte. A bill was introdueed te cede to Ohio ali the an- sold and unappropriated public lands in that State. | It is to be hoped that the good senso of a majority of | our Congressmen will cause them to let the public @omain alone this session. There is sufficient noces- sary work, provided they ever get at it, to occupy all the time they have, without troubling themselves about the wants of the land cormorants. Mr. Clemens’ joint resolution to confer the rank of Lieut- enant General, for meritorious services, upon (ien- ral Boott, was taken up, and after some verbal amendments, postponed till Monday. A brief de- | bate with regard to the disputed seat for Kentucky closed the labors of the week, the body having ai- Journed-over-till Monday. We understand that the Prospects now are, tRgt Mr. Dixon will be declared entitled to the seat, he taving been duly elected thereto by the Legislature of his State. In the House of Reprosentatives, yesterday, an unsuccessful attempt was made to offer an amend- ment to the rules, s0 as to provide for a committoe of fifteen members to report a general bill at each session for the payment of private claimants. It is doubtful whether, in these days of (‘alphinism, the treasury would gain anything by the investigations of any such committee, the members of which would be most egregiously bored by all sorts of applicants. After the disposal of various unimportant matters, the House went into Committee of the Whole on the Prosident’s Message. A long debate ensucd | relative to the whig preposition to refer the tariff | question to @ special committee. After three or four | ) amendments, strongly squinting at free trade, had | been appended to the original resolution, the pie- bald affair wae thrown overboard, and thus proba- lly ends the tariff controversy until after the in- | stallation of Gen. Pierce. Unfortunately for the few whigs who advocated this new move, they com- menoed too late in the day. They should have | brought forward their proposition before the Presi- dential election. ‘The remainder of the estimates of the National Treasury Department will be found in another | column. They have been delayed an unusual length of time. Dr. Gordimer writes from Mexioo that, having obtained strong additional proof of the validity of | his claim, be will shortly return to Washington. How are the members of the special investigating committee getting along in their prospecting tour | after the Doctor's mines ? | A letter, dated Chahushua, October 23, states that | the Mexican Boundary surveying party, undor | Commisrioner Bartlett, bad arrived thore, after | having been attacked and robbed by « large band } of eavoges. One of the party was killed, and seve- | re) of thelr tary of W ‘eleven thousand United Etates treops, are ongyged in the protection of the people of Texas, California, New Mexico, ke. Would it not be a: well to rend ‘the other three thousand men upon the same ser vice? They would be apt to find fall employment. A despatch from Norfolk snnzounces that all at- tempts to repair the U. 8. steamer Princeton hav- ing falted, the will be sent to this city in order te ascertain what our mechanics ean do with her ‘Strikes are stil! the order of the day among the ‘workmen in different navy yerds throughout the ‘country. The employees in the Charlestown yard wiruck yesterday. Those in the Brooklyn and Philadelphia yards still hold out, and the prospect at present is that they will not resume work until the obnoxions order is ressinded. The packet ship B R. Milan, which sailed from Havana on the 7th instant, reached this port last evening. Ehe brought no papers, or news of any kind. The celebrated Madame d’Arusmont, better known by her maiden name of Fanny Wright, died at her residence, in Cincinnati, on Tuesday even- ing last, at the age of fifty-seven years. She crested in her lifetime an immense amount of in- terest, from the resolution and talent with which she opposed the religions ideas of the age; and the sketch of her strange and eccentric life which we publish in another column will be read with great interest. The second day’s sale of paintings belonging to the American Art Union was held at their gallery, Broadway, yesterday. The attendance was very large, and the bidding was spirited. The pic- turer, chiefly oi] paintings, with some water colors, crayon drawings, &c., were far superior to those eold the day previous. Nosrly all the paintings re- alized the cost price, and seme of them Were sold for more. Subjoined is 2 table of the sales for two saye:— Bales Wednesday. Dec 15 Sales Thursday, Dec. 16, Total .. wee To day the sale continues, the proceeds of which will probably amount to $10,000, making the ag- gregate sales about $37,746. Last evening Rev. Dr. Hawkes delivered one of | the series of lectures before the New York Histori- cal Society, at Metropolitan Hall, on North Caro- | liaa’s Revolutionary History, which will well repay perusal—see our report Mise Bacon delivered another lesson on history, yesterday morning. The sudject was the early his- tory of India and Persia. A fall report of the le: ture will be found in another column. The closirg lecture of the courso given by the | | Catholic Institute was delivered last evening,.on | the subject of Mary Stuart. The lecturer, Mr. Boyce, cited several documents lately brought to light by one Labanoff, a Russien. The objest, of course, was to vindicate the ‘‘ Queen o’ Scots” from the charges laid against her. A report will be found cleewhere. The annexed is a brief summary of the contents of the inside psges of this shect :—Interesting Lot- ters from Washington and Honduras; Gale and Shipwreck on Lake Erie; Remarkable Disclosures of Guilt at Hudson, N. Y.; Proceedings of the Vegetarian Society; - Meeting of the Episcopal Clergy relative to the Five Points Mission; Busi- ness before the Board of Education; Reports of ‘Transactions in the various Courts; Theatrical No- tices; a great veriety of Local and Miscellaneous Paragraphs; Advertisements, &c. Great Men in the United States—Progress of Politics and Parties, The recent death of Henry Clay, but, still more immediately, the death of his great compeer, Daniel Webster, has brought down, in the commentaries of the English press upon his character and pub ic ser- vices, their condemnation ot the ingratitude of re- publics, and especially of the republis and the peo- ple of the United States. But they take onlya superficial view of their subject, and consequen'ly arrive at narrow and false conclusions. They are unjust to the American people, in’ reproaching them with a censurable neglect of the superior claims to their suffrages of such great minds as those of Clay, Webster, and Calhoun; and this injastice is dowbt- lees more to be attributed to that remarkable igno- rance of our institutions which prevails in England, than to British prejudice against the American character and “‘the model republis.” From the epoch of the groat revolutionary move- ment of 1776 down to the present day, the politics of the United States have undergone three distinct transitions, resulting in the formation of as many parties or re-organizations of parties, and in as many diffcrent classifications of the groat leading men of the polities of their times. These three | clasces of men are— 1. Washington and his compeors. 2 Jefferson and his cotemporaries. 3. Clay, Calhoun, Webeter, and otbers. During the eight years of General Washington’s administration there were no great hosiile political parties in the country. The people were an uni; in sepport of the government, and the prineip!es upon which it was conducted. Hamilton and Jefferson, subsequently one the chief of the federal, and the other the leader of the republican party, were both in the cabinet of Washington, and the two leading spirits in directing the pelicy of his admin- istration. The unity of the state-men and politi- cians of the day, in support of ‘‘the Father of his Gountry,” aroge from a universal veneration for the man, and from a natural desire on all sides to give to the new experiment of a popular goverament, in the outset, that hearty co-operation and assistance so essential to place it firmly upon its feet. With the administration of Johu Adams, how: | ever, a new epoch was ushered in, and party politics took their rise. The alien and sedition laws ox- cited the hostility of Jefferson and his par- tisans, who cherished the doctrines of State rights and liberal coneessions to the people, against Mr. Adams, Hamilton, and the con- servatives of that day, who were fearful of pepular excesses, and were the advocates of a strong cen- trelized federal government. The result was the triumph of Jefferson and his popular theory over Adams, Hamilton, and the federal party. And, upon the great elementary republican principles of Jefferson, the republican party so organised, main- tained its ascendancy, (carrying the war of 1812 with Engiand along with it, and the ro-establish- ment of a National Bank,) till 1820, when the old federal party died a natural death. Then came on “the era of good feeling” —all the great party dis- tinetions were merged into one general voice for the | plain republican administration of Mr. Monroe. In 1824-25, a now division of parties was brought | about. It was commenced in 1824, when Jaskson, Adame, Clay and Crawford, were candidates for the Presidency; and when, the elestion being carried up to the House of Representatives at Washington, there being no choice by a majority of the psople, Mr. Adams was elected by a concentration upon him of the friends of Mr. Clay, and Mr. Clay was made bis Secretary of State. This was the rock upon which Mr. Clay split. A charge of “bargainand cor. ruption,” brought against him and Mr. Adams defeated the latter in the canvass of '28, and the former in the election of '32, most de- cisively. Doubtless, General Jackson’s great vie- tory over the British, at New Orleans, had much to do with his popularity; bat in “32 his war upon the United States Bank, which had becoms an engine of prodigious powers of corruption, was the para mount question, as wae the charge of “ bargain and corruption” in 1828, The people of the United States are quick to rebuke their public servants, even upon & suspicion of infidelity. From 1828 we take « new departure, Up to that period broad nationality marked the great statesmen of the country; but here we find them branching off upon sectional issues, and class movementse—on the bank, the tarifi, and other questions. The over whelming popularity and broad nationslity of were curried off Now, the Seore- | the policy of General Jackaon, however, ied | ombodiment. Great principles override groat men; Shot eight thournpd, aut of ths , mot oxy 19 thy complete destcypsion of the | on2 the measures of policy laig down for the y FiCteny bare Shop whi Ww prog. gas. Dank, but of all whe had upon fone, oy any other a ae ‘Clsy and Webster fell with the bank, Mr. Calhoun was pros- trated upon the tariff question. Am existing tariff was too high for South Carolina, and she resisted it, even to nullification, Mr. Calhoun leading off, and be was swamped. From 1828 to 1840, the country was divided be- tween two great parties, (with several small out- side factions,) the whigs and the democratse—the former standing ou!, with Mr. Clay and Mr. Web- ater, in favor of a Nationel Bank, a high protective tariff, interna! improvements by Congress, and the distribution of the proceeds of the publie lands among the States; and the latter opposed to the bank, the tariff, internal improvements Uf Con- gress, and the land distribusion schemes of Mr. Clay. And it eo heppened that a majority of the American people preferred the demoera:ic theory | of Jackson te the whig theory of Clay and Web- ster. These two great men, therefore, could not be clected; they were thus far left in the back- ground, simply because their political principles were obnoxious te the popular sentiment of the country. Had Mr Webster and Mr. Clay been the champions, with Gen. Jackson, of the principles of the democratic party, either the one or the o‘her could have been elected in 1836 as easily as Martin Van Buren, and each of them would most probably have paesed sometime ago, s term or two in the White House at Washington. In 1840, a new and perilous political element was first distinetly introduced into our Presidential elections, involving the suspension of the extension of slavery, and its ultimate abolition in the South- ern States. But the pet bank system of Martin Van Buren, the extravagant inflation of the paper circulation of those banks, and the genoral exp!o- | eion and bankruptcy which had followed, over | whelmed Van Buren and all other issues, and Gen. | Harrison, the whig candidate, was elected. That | was another oconsion in which Clay or Webster | anight have been elected; but the whigs, under the delusion that Gen. Jackson’s popularity was dae to | his military glory, would have nothing but an “available candidate.” Hence they nominated a military chicftain—and trom that day we mzy date the decline and final dispersion of the whig party. In 1844, Mr. Clay was nomineted by acclamation, asthe whig candidate for the Presidency; but his opponent was the champion for the annexation of Texas, and the candidate of the progressive de- mocracy. Still, but for an abolition diversion in the State of New York, which carried off some ten or fifteen thousand original whigs to Birney, the inde- pendent abolition candidate, Mr. Clay wouid have been elected. In 1848, the whig party threw Mr. Clay aside, and committed their second ruinous blunder of ‘‘availability,” in nominating General Taylor, another military chieftain. He was elected; but Mr. Clay might just as well have been elected, for the democrats in New York, upon a personal and factious eplit between Cass aad Van Buren, had in- evitably given the State over to the whigs. of our political parties. To the astonishment of his | Southern supporters, and the delight of the Northern | anti-slavery section of the whig party, General Tay- lor and his cabinet recommended » settlemen: of the several slavery questions, growing out of the re- | cent acquisition of territory from Mexico, upon a | basis rather -prejudicial to the peculiar institution ofthe South. Mr. Clay proposed a different scheme in the Senate, in a ealutary spirit of compromise | between the slavcholding and non slaveholding Btates of the Union. Gen. Taylor died—his cabinet were displaced in disgrace—and Vise President Fill- more, succeeding to the Presidential office, adopted the policy of Mr. Clay. This plan, too, having early received the full support of Mr. Webster in the Senate, had the additional advantage of his support in the cabinet, but, more than all, of the mass of thedemo- cratic party ef both Houses ef Congress. Mr. Clay’s scheme became the basis ofthe compromise measures finally adopted; but the result was an irremediable split between the Southern agd the Northern see- tions of the whig party. The latter, led on by that arch demogogue, W.H Seward, arrayed themselves at once in deadly oppositien to all those men distia- guisked for their services in defeating General Tay- or’s echeme of settlement and in carrying out Mr. Ciay’s. On the other hand, the whele whig party ef the Seuth were rallied to the side of Fillmore and Web- ater. But the Northern wing secured the nomina- tion of General Scott, the South being in the mi- nority. General Scott had met made himself obnox- ious to Seward and his allies--he was considered, | also, the most “available” military chieftain of mo- | dern times, and was, therefore, in spite of all remon- ; stramces, forced upon the South. The result is \ known to the world. Mr. Webster demurred—the | | country demurred—and im the late election we have had a most emphatic public condemnation of mere military chieftains, as well as of a nomination made upon factions, anti-slavery, sectional, and disorga- nizing principles. The country has most decisively rebuked the miserable device of mere guapowder | availability, and scattered tho whig party to the | winds. It now exists, as Mr. Webster predicted, | only in history. We see, then, upon a reviow of our natienal poli- ties, frem the foundation of the government to the present day, that the American people eannot be charged with the crime of ingratitude for great public services, like these of Clay, Calhoun, and Webster, nor with indifference or noglect of their claims to the highest honors of the country. It will be secn that there were no hostile politieal par- | ties till the time of John Adams, and that from that day to 1816 the two great parties of the country— | the republicans and the federaliste—stood each | upon broad national principles. It will be also ssen that these party lines, which were obliterated in | the administratien of Mr. Menroe—‘‘the era of good | feeling” —were succeeded by a reorganisation of | | parties in 1824; and that from 1824 down to this | present day, the policy ef (ioneral Jackson and the | democratic party, with a trifling break er two, has | been the controlling, and is now the established | policy of the government, against the theory of | Meters. Clay, Webster, and the whig party. It has | been, and isso, beeause the demoeratic policy is, | and has Ween, more censistent with popular and State rights, equal privileges, and the expansive and progressive spirit of the age. It was the first misfortune, then, of Mr. Clay and | Mr. Webster, that, in 1844, they fell into the wrong 1 policy-and upon wrong principles for popular sup port—it wes the crowning misfortune of Mr. Ual- | houn, that in 1832-83 he went off at a tangent with South Carolina upon nullification. He never recovered, and never could hope to recover, from that | fatal blunder. Nevertheless, but for the infidelity of the whig party to its grout leaders and its priu- | ciples, there have been oseasions in which justice | might certainly have been done to Mr. Clay, and, | | perhaps, also to Mr. Webster. Mr. Clay or Mr. } | Webster might have been elected in 1840, when ths | financial explosion of Van Buren’s admistration | had temporarily broken the democracy to picoss. | Mr Clay might have been elested in 1848, when the democracy were divided, and thore were nono of the old party issues, to any extent, in the canvass. Finally, having waited again and again the whig experiments upon military chieftains, Mr. Webster was fairly entitled to their nomination in 1852, But, with President Fillmore, he was set aside for a third military chieftain, who was available with Seward and his anti slavery gang. Now we have arrived at this point—the loaders of the late whig party are gone, and the party itself is defuoct. We must repeat, then, in conclusion, that tlie peo- ple of the United States are not obnoxious to the charge of neglecting the high claims of such men | as Clay, Webster, and Calhoun. They failed to reach the Presidency through their own mistakes, or the unpopularity of their political principles, or from the blind stupidity and treacherous insincerity of the party of which they were the soul and the 2 | The year 1850 marks another epoch in the history | | | that while we have obeyed the grand injunction of | | | warsgor soeial vice, the effeet i { suffered from the scarcity of buffalo. | have been reduced by the trespasses of the whites Were Cuba, with her balf million bl American yeople, of paramount importance. the fate! misfortune of Mr. Calhoun that he fell in- to the mare of nullification. It was the great mie fortune of Mr. Clay that he did not stick to the republican, or democratic perty, and of Mr. Web- ster that he was never identiged with it The treachery of the whigs to both Clay and Webster, on the other hand, bas teon fiusl and fatal to thom asaparty. The whig party exists only in history; but the American people, as in the days of Washing- tom, Jeflersen, Madison, and Jackson, are soundand consistent upon the broad national principles of republicanism, the eonstitution, and the Unien. Tux Rep Sen or Auexica—Toerm Desriny.— Not the least interesting or instructive of the doca- ments which have recently been laid before Congress, is the annual report of the Indian Department. There is no subject, perhaps, to which our attention ia s0 frequently celled, and with so little practical fruit, ae the condition of the Red Men ; there are few, woare sure, which are entitled to» more serious and thoughtful serutiny from the phileuthropist and the peliticiam. Two opinions are generally found to prevail smorg the public on Indian affairs—the one, emanating from people whose warmth of heart obscures the accuracy of their judgment, condemns in unmeasured terms the injustice and cruelty with which the white men are alleged to have treated the aborigines of the soil; the other, springing from thore who are seldom troubled with scruples of con- toience at all, simply claima the use of the lands of the Indians, without. throwing out a single sugges- tion as to their subsequent lot. The former, though mistaken, possesses at Jeast the merit of a noble philanthropy; the latter, though sanctioned by practice in many instances, is unworthy of an Ameri- ean, The error involved in both arises from the point of departure being a minor prisciple, instead of afgrand lew of nature. We shall arrive more surely at an accurate com- prehension of our duties and relations towards the primitive inhabitants of this continent, if wa begin by laying down ths broad doctrine that the first obligation of man is to contribute to the advance- ment of the world. This is, in trath, the main con- dition of our existence. We cannot neglect it with- out forfeiting our claim to the blessings we enjoy. | This fundamental principle is undoubted in theory, | and has been unconsciously elaborated in the practice of nations Whorever a savage race has come in contact with a civilized one, the former has given way, as being the least calculated to advance the general interests of humanity. There have been instances—too many, alas, at our own | doors—where the assertion of the supremacy of the cultivated race has cost its rival its prosperity, and even its existence; but there are accidents insepa- rable from grand convulsions of nature, in which a | | part must suffer for the general benefit of the whole. Tribe upon tribe of Indians have perished from | the ills introduced by the white man into America; | but if we estimate the advantages which tie whole world has derived from the growth and progress of the United States, they would seem cheaply pur- chased by humanity, if their priee had been the | total extinction of the Indian race. Andit is to us | a matter of sincere satisfaction, that the evils ne- | cesenrily attendant upon the civilization of this con | tinent, have been sedulously mitigated by our laws; | our Creator, in spreadivg over the globe a race of | men who labored to fulfil the destiny He had set them, we have net been unmindful of the private weal of those whom it was our fate to replace. “The history of the contest between the white and red men,” says Mr. Commiesioner Loa, ‘‘ bears wit- ness to the fact, that the victor has, in general, { manifested 2 generous desire not only to spare the | vanquished, bat to improve his condition. [t would be a difficult taek to count the enormous sums of meney that have been expended by the government and by philanthropic individuals, in their manifold efforts to reclaim and civilize the Indians within our limits.” Whether, as the sangaine Commis. | sioner predicts, the ultimate redemption of the Ia- dian race is practicable, or whether, like many other races, both of man and the lower order of ani- mals, they have already fulfilled their destiny, and are doomed to perish, one by one, till the last red man has disappeared from the face of the earth, it would be presumption in us to decide. We cannot disguise an apprehension, however, that the latter is the mere probable termination of the conflict | Meanwhile, they have an unquestionable claim on | us for a resting place. We had a right to take from | thern—peaceably if we could, forcibly if we must— | lunds which were useless in their hands, and which, | in ours, have ministered to the wants of mankind, | but net withcut compensation. This compsnsation | we firmly believe has been very rarely, if ever, with- | held by the United States. The report now before us proves how steadily our government has kept it | in view. It is therein suggested that the California | Indiens should be divided into two colonics, and lo- | cated, one in the northern, the other in the south- ern district of that State. The Monomonces have been removed to the reserve designated for them be- tween the Wolf and Oconto rivers, near Green Bay, and express themselves well satisfied with their new home. The Chippowss are being slowly removed to | the banks of the Crow Wing river; eome few yet lin- | ger around the haunts of their childhood; but tho | number is diminishing daily. We are sorry to see | that the just intentions of the government have not | been invariably accompanied by the prompt action which the nature of the matter required. By the treaty of 1848, the President agreed to providoa territory west of the Mississippi, for the Stockbridge | Indians; this covenant has not been falfilled, and | the tribe are suffering great inconvenience. A pro- \ vision, also, is required for the Christian Indians | who emigrated from Canada, and who are now in- | truders on the territory of the Wyandots; Oongress | should give its earliest attention to the subject. Firm hopes are entertained that the Seminole In- dians will adhere to their agreemont to emigrate; late advices from ‘‘Billy Bowlegs” represent him as using his influence to procure the removal of his people from Florida. On every side, North, West and South, the same picture—the gradual retreat of tho savages before the encroachments of the white man—meets our view. ‘There is another and a more painful fact revea'od in the report. The Indian population ef the conti- | nent is diminishing at a fearful rate. Now it is | one cause, now another, to whish the decimation of | their ranks is ascribed; but, whether it be the risks end dangers of » hunteman’s life, or the small-pox, or the fatal influence of intemperance, er intestine waye the same. The industrious and the idle, the virtuous and the | dopraved, meet the same fate. Tho Sioux have The Omahas and the rapacity of neighboring tribes. The Wy- avdotts have dwindled down to #0 feeble a tribe that they are solicitous to abdioate their national city. he Delaware Indians—intrepid, industrious, and enterprisim; ro decreasing in numbers, owing to the thousand -perils attendant on their traflic in the interior. Intemperence ie rapidly killing off | the Shawnees. Depravity is equally fatel te the Kansas. Small-pox has been the instrament of doath among the Sacs and Koxes. Idlemcss and dis- sipation have redueed the Miamas one half, in six | yours. Among the mountain and prairie Indians, | jatal disease is disseminated by the travellors It | would zcein ag though the iron hand of death was set on the red men, and neither imdustry nor reli- | gion, nor the humane efforts of philanthropists, nor | any manly struggles on their ewn b, Cun him relax his grasp. Lo! the poor indian. Tne Waite anv-Biack Race --In our article on the cencus, yesterday, we alluded to the future dos- tiny of the white and black races on this continent. ) and Mox- ico, included, the final result would still be the same; because cheap new lands would only tend to sug ment the whites more rapidly, while the black po- pulation would only have a slight increase of its opeedy and West has tended greatly te increase ‘The citizens of Cincinnati are now treated to fresh tity of oysters are cultivated in the seawater bays adjacent to New York. From these bays many oysters used in the market take their names. The most celebrated loeality is Prince's Bay, on the south side of Staten Islavd, and extending between Amboy and Keyport. In selecting s bottom suita- ble for oyster planting, or culture, it is necsssery to find a rather hard soil, mixed with sand and loam. If the oysters are planted in a soft mud bottom, they sink in {t from their own weight and are smothered. In cases where the planter wishes to improve the soil, he throws overboard oy ster shells, en which to plant his oysters, and on which they grow remarkably well. He mest alzo select a por- tion of water neither too deep nor too shaliow, be- eause, im case it is too shallow they freeze to death in winter, and if too deep they cannot be taken up. They must, also, be out of the way of strong cur- rents and shifting sands. The usual plan jg to lease oyster ground froma farmer who owns the land on shore. The usual sizeof an oyster plantation is from fifty to one hua dred feet along shore, aud running back to deep water, varying, according to circumstances, from twobmmdred feet to one quarter or half of a mile. The farmer, for the smal) sums paid for leases, is ox- peeted to exercise # sort of police over the planta- tions in front of him, and prevent pariies from tres pasting In Prince’s Bay the oyster plantations amount to several hundred. The investments in many of these oyster fields amount to as much a9 from $10,000 to $16,000 each. There are other oyster plantations at Shrows bury Bay, near the sea, between Sandy Hook and Barnegat. From this place the oysters are mostly brought to the city on steamboats. The Mill Ponds, as they arecalled, near Keyport, are favorite localities for oyster planting. These are tide-water inlets, into which some fresh water flows, and across which are dams, with mills driven by the force of the tide water. The waste of the mills made by grinding grain, it is thought, tends to fatten tho oysters Hence, with city epicures Mill Pond oysters have a high reputation both tor size and flavor. Mill Pond oysters are also grown near Coney Island, some of which are produced of very large size. Again, the market is supplied with East River oysters, the shells of which are green. They are inferior in size to Mill Ponds, but their flavor, by many, is preferred to that of other kinds. The Shrewsbury oysters, of selected quality, are also said to be vory fine. The East River planting grounds are found above Hurlgate. The plantations are stocked in the spring. The oysters are brought in sloops and schooners from the Chesapeake bay and its branches, or tributaries, in Virginia—considerable quantities being taken from bedsin York, Back, and other rivers. On arriving at the plantations, near the city, they are thrown over- board, at the nurserics, and lefs undisturbed until some time in August, being occasionally fed by hav- ing meal, properly propared, thrown over to them. From these nurseries oysters are taken for the city trade through the autumn, until operations are in- terrupted by cold and stormy weather. The oyster farmers, or nurserymen, thon import them direct, in echooners and sloops, from Virginia, daring the re- mainder of the season. Some of the more enter- prizing dealers have established oyster plantations in the salt rivers of Virginia, in which, it is said, they have been very successful. It is said that there are over five hundred sloops, schoon- ers, &c, engaged in the oyster trade, vary- ing in size from ten to two hundred tons. The average number of men attachod to them varies from five to sixesch. When we consider the great number conneoted with the trade, on both land and water, and the large amount ofcspital employed, it will be seen that the business is one of considerable importance, and by which numbers are not only making handsome livings but fortunes. The trade is every year increasing with the increase of | Population, and with the demand in the interior by the opening of railroads, &c. It is difficult to arrive at the amount of capital invested in oyster operations by water; but it is believed that it isnot much under two millions of dollars, and some have considered jt as high as two anda half to three millions, employing from 3,000 to 4,000 persons. Parties who deal in oysters on shore are very numerous, and some individuals carry on very large and extensive operations. This they do by opening and pickling them fer exportaiion. Boore shipment they are usually secured in tight kegs or hermetically sealed vesvels, and forwarded to the interior, and also to California, and other parts of the world. One firmin Wash- ington market doos business to the amount of $20,000 per annum. Considerable quantities of oysters are also put up im Now Haven, where women are employed in opening them, which they are said to do with an expertness and rapidity greatly superior to that of men. “ They sit down, with the oysters in front, and as seon as the top shell is removed, it is cast in the rear, over their heads, and before it has scarcely bad time to strike the floor the bottom shell follows.” j.arge oyster establishments, for beth demestic use aad expert, exist in Baltimore. The trade, howovor, in connection with New York, is conducted on ® scale, and to an amount, far in advance of all other parts of the continent. And every year, probably, its value aud importance will be increared. What should we do without oysters? Mork Haytias Documents —Wo publish this morning another batch of the official correspon: dence appertaining to the late triple alliance of Eog- | land, France, and the United States, against the ! coal black Emperor Soulouque, of Hayti, and an | invesion of conquest, which he had projected, of the Dominican republic. Our presentinstaiment of this preeious correspondence will be found to be particu- larly interesting, from tho official inside view which is given in the letters of Mr. Walsh of the charac- ter of the dusky monarch of Hayti, and his laugh- | able caricature of a negro empire. His impexial majesty, it appears, regards it as the highest crime | to make sport or to speak lightly of the royal por- son, or his royal prerogatives and power. Sambo is always rensitive. Mr Consul Walsh has thus, no doubt, forever debarred himself from appros:hing his Majesty of Hayti, unless utder the guus of a war steamer or revenue cutter. We commend to the rpecial attention of our readers the highly interest ing and graphic letters of Mr. Walsh. Soulouque ia a gront negro, and hia empire throws into the shade the thrifty kingdom of Sansho Panza, New Posrat, ARRANGEMENTS —An arrangement li st been entered into, between the government of Nova Scotia and the Postmaster Goneral of the United States, similar to that with Canada, by which lotters not exceeding balf an ounce may be transmitted betwoen the two countries at ten cents each, and other letters in proportion; and from | Nova Scotia to Havana, through the United States, | also, to Chagres and Panama; the Neva Scotia Post Office to account to that of the United States at | two cents the single letter to Havana, and twenty | cents the tingle letter to Chegresand Manama, and | ten cents for newspapors in either case; or ‘ closed | mails” may bo sent botween Nova Scotia and | Chagres or Panama, via the United States, at fifty | cents por ounce for letters, and two conts fer nows- pepers—the postage on such “closed mails” to be accounted for quarterly to the Post Office of this STi melee a ar pre-paid to the line in oither qountry. Slavery aemn ww tmp wippanes OP 7a woues OF mrocaae ‘We bave received ‘he folowing report frem » gen-- tleman who takes o lively interest in all A movements presume the gentlewan was not present at the meet. ing; we suppose tha: nove but women were admit ted. It is very likely that he obtained the report from his wife, or bis sister, or daughter:— A highly respectab!s meeting of Amesioaa Indieg was hold last evening a: Ameriean Halt, Broadway, to hear read the advress of the ladies of Baghand to those of the United Ssates. Mre. Eliza Fairpiey eas called to the chair, and Mrs. Jonathan Speedtime, M. C , was appointed recretary. Tho obj ots of the meeting weee bsicly explained by the presiding lady, when, em metion, the secretary proceeded 0 read the addreas from the women of England. ut the conclusion ef whicha, committee of five was appointed to draft = response to the address. The cummittoe, after having been out a short time, re ureed, and reported the fellow ing response to the women of England, whieh, of being read, was adopted unanimously. A sub-come mittee was also raiwed, to obtain additional sub- scribers to the respouse. A resolution was then adopted, ordering the proceedings to be published in the Tribune aod Gewarp. The meeting then adjourned sine die. RESPONBE. ‘Tux Arvectiona’® Resrorse or Many Tiovsanps Or THE Women oF Amenica 10 THK SisteR Women in Exceanp, Bear Sisrens : Your very feeling addrese was duly reeeived by the steamrbip Arotic, and we hasten to ackaowledge ang return you our thanks for the sincere expression of your fraternal love. We regret that the urgent claims of domectia duties very feeling and benevoient address. As we consider that charity should always begin at home, we are in the hebit of looking first te the comfort and happinees of our own families, and next te the calls of distrere from our immedpate neighbors, We seek the amelioration and elevation of our ews racé and color which surrouna us, by siding in the education of the rising generation {uclading all ranks ana condi. tions, teaching them » knowledge of their politieal rights ae wellas their duties to their God, and to their cowatry.’ We find our benevolent exertions and sympathies severely taxed, by our attempts to assist and pretest the friendless and destiiute -opulation cest upoe our shores from Great Britain, and other parts of Rurope. Our Almshouses are crowded with poor and affticted foreigners driven to America by the oppression of monarehal govern- ments in Europe. We are both pained and perplexed in our efforts to find employ ment for the poor adult emi- grants, and to gather their children into our free sehools and acadamies, with # view of alleviating the conditionof the old. “and training up the young to comprehend ang appreciate the responsibilities and duties of Americag citizens. Being nearer to the colored population ef the South than you are, we are happy to inform you that we une derstand their real condition better than you, who view it at a distance. and through a cast off pair ef Uncle ‘Tom’s cracked, distorted, and vision perverting epecta- cles, We are happy to inform you that our megroes aré all doing very well; that their connublal ties and privi- leges are duly respected and that their chursls accomo. dations are ample, and about equal to those of the whites; and that they are well fed, clothed, and eared for, We have lately taken a count of them and the whites, and find that while one of the whites in abont £000 have gone deranged, enly one negro slave in 11,60 has gone mad. Among the blacks we have set free, one im 1,300 has gone ineane Nesrly the same discrepancy holis. with regard to idiocy, blindness. deaf mutes, and crime, The inranity among the whites oxceeds that of the slaved in your country as well as in this, and it is feared that many bave been crazed by looking through the delusive glasses of Uncle Tom. We are also gid te inform You that, while the free black subjects of her Majesty in. Jamaion have been decimated within the past year by small pox and famine, that the blacks of the South have escaped both Our dear sisters—Our bearts are not so manch tzoubled about the sleek and happy negroes at the South es they are for the suffer! of those of our owa color, kindred end race, within your own dominions. It eauses our. hearts to bleed with sorrow when we think of the miseriog of the whites in Great Britain, whose images: have been stamped by God with litenceses which bear a much closer Tesemblance to your features, and to those of ourselves, than to the blsoks, Our souls thrill with horror whem we contemplate the sufferings of your miserable, dewn- trodden poor, crowded together in your union workheuses, where aged couples, in cheir Isst deys, with all earthiy- prospects blasted, and nothing left but their owa affec- tions and their hopes of heaven, ate torn asunder and: consigned to differemt departments, or driven agein inte- the world to starve. Onur bosoms, as mothers, heave with grief when we think of those ameng you who claim the same ancestry with yourselves, and many of whom may wear the image of Sbakspeare, Miltom, or Newton, are- consigned by absolute want to a premature grave. How. many etruggling mothers gatuer their haggardand ragged. childzen sround them, and, while watering their psle cheeks with their burning tears, yet with wasted forms and repulchral voices, piead im vain through yeur streets for bread. Our spirits sicken when we think of the equalid misery, the starving, forsaken, amd forgotten. whites, who crowd, amidst pestilence and crime, the dens les, Saffron Bill, Spittalfields, and other wretehed- heunts, in your own metrepolis, Should your charity not find objects sufficient for ite exercise in Londen, nor among the overworked and. wretched population of your manufaeturing districts, you have only to look across the channel into Leland, Dear Sisters—Let us, im the epitit of sincere kindness, beseech you to apply yourvelves, with a share of the great wealth yon possess, to the amelioration of the ‘suffering whites among you, who, with us end with you-eeim common sneestry. Above all, dear sisters, strive for the establitbment of free schools and academies in Great Britain, in whioh the children of the poor shatl be ute- folly and practically educated, and taught a knowledge of thelr political rights amd duties. Strive fer the estab- lisbment of a fres church and the sbolition of churolz. tytkes—to have effaced the last traces of feudalism, the relict cf a tyrannical age. Endeavor to extend the elec. tive franchise, and to establish Itberal principles of gov- ernment, and to secure their permanent stability in the» support of the people, whore improvement and elevation. you have labored to promote. Thus causing s reforma- tion which is more consistent with the spirit of the mine- teenth contury, and with the struggling advances of that Britich Boxon race, on whose language the run never seta. ‘We bave the honor to subscribe ourselves in the borda ‘of good will and peace, ycur obedient servants, [8iened]—By Mrs, Bliza Fairplay, chairman; Mrs. Jonathan edtime, M. U , tong Mig oe Harriet, Homespun, ara. Josephine Makelove, we Hopes ood Mrs. Rechael Zatlywork, Mra, me nitwell, fn. Maeriha Mendstocking. Mrs. Lydia Bakeple, Mre. Phebe Henhouse, Mre. Jemiah Six] , Mra. Doratha Clesphouse, Mrs Auna Mindchildren,»Mrs. Col Loalsa Bravesll. Mra Onpt. Flirabeth Fearnaught. Mrs. Com- modcre Margaret Seawavo, Mra. Rey. Lucretia Preach- good. D D., dirs. Hannale Te |. A. M. To their grace the Duchesses of Sutheriand Bedford, and Argyle; the Countess of Shaftesbury. Constance Grosvenor, Vicounters Palmerston, Lady Dover, Lady Cowley. Lady Ruthven, Lady Bellhaven, Hon, Mrs. Mon- togue Villiers, Hon. Mrs. Kinnaird, the Lady Mayoress, | Ludy Trevelyan, Lady Parke, Miss Parke, Mrs, Owen, | Mre Corpenter, Mrs, Buxton, Miss Baxtom, Mra Joha. Bimon. Mrs Proctor, Mra, Sinney, Mra. Helland, Mrs. Steane, Mrs. John Buller, Mrs, R. D, Grainger, Mrs. Hawes, Mrs Sutherland Mrs, Mary Howitt, Mrs, Mire Trevelyen, Mrs, Milman, Miss Taylor, Mrs Mra, Macaulay, hor grace the Duchess Dowager of Beau- fort, the Marchioness of Stafford, the Countess of Derby, the Countess of Osrlisle, Lady John Russell, the Countess of Lichfield, Viscountess Bbri , the Countess of Cavan, Vircountess Melbourne, Hatherton, Lay | Blantyre, Lady Dufferin, Lady Basthope, Mrs. J Conder, the Hon Mra Comper, a, Clark, Lady Paxe ton, Lady Kaye Shuttleworth, uxton, Lady Mrs. Malcolm, Mrs Seeley. Mrs. Alfred Tennyson, “4 Lyon Pinyfoir, Mrs, Charles Dickens, Mre Murray, Mra, Charles Knight, Mrs, Marsh, Mrs. Champneys, aud Mrs: Rowland Hilt Leayixe THE Sutr.—Simeon Bailey, the Post- master of Now Bedford, Mass, it is ourrently row ported, has resigned. Prorosep Strike at THE CHARLESTOWN Navy vanes te eae bent juence of an . received af e rlestown Nat d have one hour added to each day's vom {ile mech employed there. with but one have strike this forenoon, and will meeti | one Ye City Hall, at eight o’clock.—Bo: ee. . urt CalendareThis np Staves District Oount.—Nos. ¢ sow Pim 0095, 607, 699, 7 Becond—Nos. 864, 666, 868, 862 Burenion Covet, (two wi aN 3, of, 63,058, Wah or Raeneanna It wilt be rend by the public. We: ‘upon ous time prevents our replying at lemgth to your © ee. a7 PreGe - | iad