The New York Herald Newspaper, November 17, 1852, Page 6

im such an attitude that she Ro concession The sixteenth article of the tions of this | relative to the impeachment of Senor Aguirre, bub VERY Late FROM MEXICO. SRT tat ee tae * documents without oh and venue: compsny, reads as follows:— wreeal the nee <a engine emanate and that the commission had but one in its) Such then is the result of the line of conduct fol- ¢ present contract, as seom as it shall have boon The Univer: mage iis aa Seizure of American Merchan- | posession, protested against the epening of its | lowed by Mexico in this unhappy question. | approved Li / Genecal Congress, will Bad, the | We Sus boon relarecd; and thet ho be to the proposition thus paediss rag It left, moreover, the | We have before and frequently icted what is | members of the asseciation only to the extent of the capha brought dise at Monterey. Commission free to open the propesiti w coming to ; but really wis mas stock held by each, or of the amount which each ws mscutien at thie Tanai’ sites indies companies ; these companies even solicited t ing of them, but the committee not deemin invested with power euflicient, preferred deferring the operation to come other day, the government. AAA RAR THE DEPLORABLE CONDITION OF THE REPUBLIC. THE CABINET, | two kinds of propositions, the one publio the other secret The government thought proper to submit to the members of the commission the public proposi- tions, retaining the secret ones in its possession ; wid | hence Sie, peahee Rete mixed comnasee o seice " | protest the other three companies ler irs. Advices from the City of Mexioo te the 28th, The question whether the seoret propose ma or and frem Vera Cruz to the 30th ult, have been re- must not be communicated te the commission is to ovived at New Orleans, by the revenue cutter Duan be resolved by the cabinet in council. Mesnwhile, x day before yesterday, Monday, the members of the ‘The steam frigate Powhatan, at Pensacola, brings pod bape. poeseded the opening of the advices from Vera Cruz to the 3d inst , but nothing | public propositions. later from the capital. 5 One of Cas perpodsions, am of oe Gasaniane Our letters, pamphlets, and files, place usin pos poi ar bed oe as whiol give dy nibs peng session of a vast deal of information relatlve to the | part hes been given to the pu 2 em part, hes been given to the public in the column; of condition of Mexice, which we lay before our readers | ths different papers; the order announces that it THE TEHUANTEPEC AFFAIR, de. dc, dic. will present, this very day, the propositions ef anoth- this morning. alien er ‘company, pal that of Mr. Ga , and this Selzure of American Merehandize at Mon- ¢xemp'e will doubtless be followed by the two terey. THB AMERICAN MINISTER TO MR. ALBERT SPHYERS Letation or Tag Unirep STATEs, t other rival companies. Publio opinion will thereby be enablea to compare the di! sitions, and decide on their respeo:ive mei reserve, however, of the secret proposition: secret clauses may well be of the nature of a post- » under These Mexico, Juny 24, 1852 Sm—In answer to your letter of the 30ch ultimo, which was reosived day before yesterday, I take oo- | scraptw d contain the most important and easion to ray I bave bad repeated and earnest inter- most esi of the propositions; indeed, we views with the Minieter ot Foreign Relations, in re. | must suppose that euch is actually the case, s0 that ere sisare of a large amount of goods belong- | the publicity which is given us or promi. us is ing to American merchants, by the Mexican govern- | evidently incomplete, and cannot serve strict ment, and which were detained by theu orders. standerd on which to base our judgmen' Let us In aconference yesterday with the Minister of take it, however, such hrow @ rapid Relations, he remarked that prohibited goods, whish glance over the propo Guansjuata had been introduced under Avalos’ tariff, could not be introduced for the present, but that the subject was under advirement, and be believed that the Minister of Hacionds would determine, upon equitable terms, to allow them to be brough; inte market; where- | company. Lhe Guanajrata company, then, demands the co- operation of the supreme government, as as: te in the enterprise. It undertakes to cons:ruct a wagon road in three years, and to commence oper- suggested what might be equitable terms | ations within the same delay. In the course of the A government might not be so consitlered by | year following the completion of the said road, it owners of the goods, and inquired what would | wilkcommence the construction of a railroad, to be consequence iu that contingency, as the de- | completed within s Pon of four years.- The com- tention of the goods by the government hadalready pany will receive all the duties of transit, storage, proved highly prejudicial, it mot entirely ruinous, | and others authorized by its tariff, atteMprevious to many merchants Ho replied that it was notim- | approbation on the part of the government, bat only probable that the government might leave it to the during the time absolutely necessary for the re-im- hoiee of the importers, cither to adopt the equita- | bureement of the capital invested in the ente terms referred to, or to re-export their merchan- at all events, this time isaot to exceed eighty y dire. ‘The transit over the Isthmus will be free to all the My purpose is, before I leave here for home, to | nations of the world. ‘The company does not view hold another conference with the minister upon the | this matter nearly in tho Age ofa lucrative specu- subjeot of your communication. lation, but the interest of the country, its indepen: _ Umuat beg to re you that it is next thing to impossible to pre upon the government to make any decigion, or take any action to ameliorate the disireseed condition is which the mercantile inter ests are concerued Every possible effort has been made by tle diplo. ¢ corps, jointly and severally, to regulate the difficulties growing out of the exis. | to accept with satisfaction, be the value and duration tence of the tariff in an awicablo and satisfactory | of such Teorerae what it may.” The compaay, er, but all ro Jitt!e purpose. although stipulating for no profit, nevertheless con- Yeur several protests have been received, and will sents to furnish a seourity chins huadred thousand be presented in due vexson. In the meantime, it dollars, required by article 14 of the conovcatoria. would bo well for you to forward evidences of your Such are, in substance, the principal provisions being an American citizen,aeI have been led to of this proposition, signed by all the celebrated infer from some suggestions that the fact will bo names among the mines of Guanajuats. Magnificent | questioned. a! these conditions certainly are, but do they not pre- | I look upon the privilege, under existing circum- | sexta vague charactor which must preclude their stances, of re-exporting the goods, as @ mere mock- | acceptance? A proposition made in such terms is ery of justice. y | not terious. Its first and most glaring fault is te T shall leave instructions with my secretary to call , render the government ina manner tho obligee of the attention of my fuocessor particularly to the | the company, and thereby deprive it of that influence ease in question, if no docision is had before my de- | and supervision necessary to the completion of the parture. Very respectfully, work. The Guansjuata company has undoubtedly | (Signed) R. P. Lercogr. sought to obtain the preference by proffering the | Te Atbrer Srryvens. fairest terms in its power. This it undeniably had | Lycarion oF Tax Unirmp Sratss, aright to do; to render its conditions still fai it Muxice, Aug. 31, 1852 bas stipulated no corditions for itself; this, t ‘Sm—Your letter of the 15th inst. is received. I | *Hother undeniable right; but although requ alse received one from Moritz Speyerss few days | 2othing, it solicits s gratification from Congre dence and future security. from stipulating any profit for itself, lesving to tho national Congress tho faculty of granting to it, at the time of the approbation of the contract, the ra- compense to which the said Congress will deem the since, dated July 29. enclosing protest, etc. Here we fall into tho uncertain and arbitrary vi papers will be forwarded to Washington forinstrus- | @ecting the very foundation of any enterpri tions from the State Department. Inthe meantime, | With which they are allowed to enter. | The members of the Guansjuata company form, ents, for safe keeping in this legation. | among themselves, a powerful ase jiation of capi- The government here is in a most wretched state; tal. We are happy to point out their patriotism— the cabimet have resigned, and were to go out of * very rare quality in Mexico, where assuredly | office te-day, but will remain until the sailing of the | ‘uch ® miracle has never before been seen until in British packet. | this instance. This patriotism is the more com- I have noted what you said in relation to Mr. | mendable, as it is, doub less, reasoned and probabl Doyle and British subjects. I do not know how the | Cousideredin a praotical light in the secret proposi- Mexican government canfipay any claims, for they tions of the company. Thus the company has have no money or eredit, and you must seo yourself | t#ken'all the reeponsibility and all the chances that Yhe couniry is in a state of convulsion. | likely to induce the government to adjudicate in its ou had better send copies or duplicates of all the | 4 3 > favor. Should the United States insist on the poli- v Sheek. aioe oo Berg: Ching eataree* neation it will cauco this to ooase. Should AxsERT Srryrus, Esq , Monterey. | the cabinet at Washington claim an indemnity for gun PRovene ay kn. wourrs Srrrans the American possettors of the Garay graut, it will | $ their indemnity. Should it be compelled so t In the month of October, ia the year 1851, and “in oye this indemmalty, we may by tho way: state, the month of January. 1852, Moritz, Speyersimpor- would amount to five million three hundred aid ted into the port of Matamoras, in Mexico, two gienty.three thousand dollars, amount of the claim thousand seven hundred and cighty-three bales of | or Mr Hargous; and lastly, ehould # war come out merchandise, consisting principally of American of ail this, the government will have nothing to do manufacture, and for which he paid the duty ac- with it—the company will sustain it. cording tothe priated tari’ of General D. Francis Such must be, reasonably and logically speaking, Avalos, who was at that time chief of the province the sense of the secret propositions of the Guans- of the said port of esate! hee eee juata company; in making them we repeat it, it amounted to between three and four hundred thou- ‘has given tho most striking marks of the purest sand dollars. : and most disinterested patriotism that has over After providing all the necessary custom house | becn shown gince the declaration of independence, papers, and peying, the ae therefor, the goods and we would therefore advise the government to Bonner by eaid Moritz Speyers into the interior, to accept, and that without the loast hesitation. Bat ‘ * | if the secret propositions be otker than what we At the time above mentioned, when said mor- | have first cimapiaa, it is indeed s sad present that chandise was imported, Matamoras was ina state of Mr. Munox Ledo and company would make their | siege, and its inbabitan's subjected to martjal law; | country, and their patriotism might very well bo and the rate of duties so established by said | snowed by disastrous consequonces Commanding General Francis D. Avolos, an. by | “For indeed matters in the United States are far | the general government of Mexico, had been per; ‘i mitted to exist for four or five months afterwards: | pee eT aa een Bhar wate ry ie | under which duties the said merchandise be- | ministry. The Committes of Foreign Affairs has | 2 said Moritz Speyers had been imported. | giready given in its report to the Beuate of Wash- t every dollar fog the duties demanded by the | ington on the Tehuantepec question; wo have thus | seid custom house at Matamoras, had beon paid by | far given only the conclusions of this report, which | said Moritz Speyers. we bi from the National Intell f A That at the time when the said Moritz Speyers | We borrow from the Nati eet ie ex BE made application to have said merchandise heat fate | fust 81. The conslusion of the report is as fol- the imterior,the proper legal permits were granted by | said custom house; and under euch permits said Satay were despatched to Monterey, according to the | ws of Matamoras | That ehortly afver the arrival of said merchandise | at Monterey, they were embargoed by the authori- ties of the Mexican government whe resided there, under the pretext ot being contraband, and subject to detention, and were at last confiscated. Subse- OWS :— “ 3aly. Resolved, That the government of the | United States owes to all its citizens protection in the maintenance of their rights, abroad as well as | at home, within the sphere of its jurisdiction, and | that if Mexico, within a reasonable delay, does not | recall its steps in regard to the said concession, it | | will then be the duty of the government of the | United States to review allthe relations existiog | with the republic, and to adopt such measures as quently, a portion of said merchandiee, consisting of | may be suitable to maintain the honor of the coun- | about one thousand two hundred and twenty. r | try and the rights of its citizens.” | bales, (not conridered as contraband) were given up ‘The report acts forth, that since it wi i ‘ y as drawn u| to the said Moritz Speyers by orders of sid custom | and the rsestle conclusions were adopted, a oy | house authorities, for which he had to give ironed | correspondence Es passed between the Moxican and the remaining one thousand five hundred and | minister at Washington and the Secretary of S:ate filty nine bales were detained under the aforevaid | Put thet the cormspondence woe net et eats pretext of being contraband, and subject to confis- cation, and are still in the custody of said authori- ties. That after the seizure of the above merchandise, | said Moritz Speyers bad permit granted to him fromthe custom house aushoritics to import two millions of yards of goods of asimilar description and he belicves that such orders were given by an with the consent of the President ef tne Republic | of Mexico; andthat said order ha@ been deposited with the collector of said port of Matamoras. That elmilar merchandise Lelonging to other persons had been also imported since the siege, and were dispatched into the interior, and had found a market, and hada been permitted safely to pass unmolested to o her places, under an extension which existed at the time the forces of the United States were in possession of Mexico. That subse quent to said embargo on the merchan- dize belonging to suid Moritz Speyers, and while they were detained as above stated, the collector of customs transmitted into the interior several other calculated to modify the opinions of the com. mittee. The conolusions of the report are indeed alarm- ing. This is not all, however. An inciden: of a most serious Character, and which has, to this day, | been almost wholly unnoticed in Mexioo, we know | not why, redoubles our fears. Thus, after the reading of the conclusions of the report by Mr. Maton, Obairman of the Committes | of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Brooke, Senator, rose and proposed the following resolution :— Resolved, That the executive shall be required to in- form the government of Mexico, that until the Aqerioan grantees of the right of pastage across the Isthihius be | fully vested with the possession amd franchises to which they are entitled, or from the first day of May next, the | government of the United States will act to protect them | in the occupstion and enjoyment of the said possession | | acd franchises; and that, should thelr determination oo- casion @ rupture of the relations between the two re- | publios, the United States will depend for their justifies. | tiom in the eyes of the world on the obligation imposed on every government $0 protect the right ot its own | large quavtities of goods, covered and protected, citizens, and om the fidfrant and palpable violation, by purporiing to have been imported during the occu- | Mexico, of private right and international law. paney by the forces of the United States. That the The Senate ordered that this resolution be adopted collector of customs was supported under general in- and printed, so that when the Senate will tin siruotions given by the Minis of Hair of extfeordinary rcssion, which, they will be very Mexico, and under such instruct’ goods were | thortly, it will have to permitted, by tho very agents who had embargosd clusic 0 J the mercendize of maid Moritz Speyers, to pass Affairs, but aleo on the nal OM segue of and unmolested | Mr. Brooke. Sach is the situation of affairs. Every | ‘That by the cu.toms of nations during the exist- | one will doubtless agree that thi i : ence of the siege, the commanding general had the calculated to re aseure us, and that the Guanajuata right to ostablish such ornt# and regulations asthe company must indeed, as wo have already said, be | ney ef the case might require, and such re- animated by the purest and most unparaileled pa- ions and orders once established Wore binding. triotism to assume so heavy a responsibility. That 6ve~, collar required by tse custom house for Tbe Picayune of New Orleans, in an article pub- table De rf ey paid by the said Mo- lished on the Sth of Beprocaber, aunounees that the rits Speyers, and that tl very goods, with the | resolutions of the committee relative to the Garay | ovidnaae ot This fact, and the sanction of the cus- | concession have been adopted by the Senate of the tom house itself under the permits reqaired by law, United States, and stating from this reasons at great ‘were deepatched into interior, and were there length as the consequences likely to follow there- deside not only en the con- | ‘ions of the report of the Committee on Foreign and detained, thereby preventing the | from. Our contemporary, it strikes us, goes too | eee Speyers from obtaining ccother martes. far when he thus takes a hypo:hesis for neg A | That this fact of itself shows the injustice and | The Senate of Washington has not assembled in extraordinary session, that we are aware of, and the practised upon the oritz Speyers, and r ef wea from the Fovall of fear of a Violawen ‘of the | vote of August 3lst, ordering the printing of 4 jaws, but that the agents of the government had committee’s report, cannot be sonsidered as the been impelled by motives of self-interest and malice. definitive adoption of the conclusions of that re- ‘That it was e well known fact that the collector of port. But if this be not yet an actual fact, it may be 40 very #000; all probabilities are, in faot, that the affirmative will be adopted, and as the Picaywne re- = fom — in the determina’ tone of the Washingten Republic, o official organ of the jnietration, conciliating; the threat of war i line of its columns. The north customs jived orders from the proper authorities Mexico te continue the Avalos rate of dutios at Matameras; and that every dollar of the moneys so by the ssid Moritz Speyers for such duties had 4 or to the commanding general for the 2 (3 Tehuan' © Affair in Mexico and the niaom the Trait D'Ualon cer aice Sept) | other band, whici iocal int Las Betvujday was the 4 appointed for the pa seed one r e Tat f of the propositions relative to the realiza- | Tehuantepes, ch formerly oppor athe Ga. the Isthmus of ray concession very atrongly, are now ail fil to take counsel of fact that we have been the only cne in the ranks of It seems, in effect, that each company has made | Mexican republio in the dangerous course | is true that the same paper, revertiog to this sud | view that wo got from the telegraphic dospa:oh. It therefore abstains | said company entitled, and which the latter agreos | | side ; it will then be a legal issue alone that must ; the preposed contrac’ | advantageous propositions, would have as much the communication across ~ what they consider a peint of national honer. Ins emeaahene. + ga po CP. v1 > te word, then, waris imminsnt,if the concessions de not gvapective seal, efixed to the papirs cow'sining | come fom Moxiso, and Mozioo las placed aorsolf Matter #0 casily any very great credit for our pon only recall te the memory of our ion. the Le the press te point out the dangers Speeiestns, the ore she was entering; thet would far frankly confessing new, that we alone have been in the wrong and all our cotemporaries in the right. In this international contlict one vo matter has been brought forth, tho news of it first came by telegraph. France, said the despateh, has pro ed to England to conveke a comgreas of che jurepeam maritime powers, to oppose the encroach- ment of the North American confederacy, and to prevent the absorption of Mexico by her eager and unscrupuleus neighbors. i We have caretully examined all our I'rench papers to find something relating to such a step onthe part | of French, as is attributed to her, but we have found | nothing, absolutely noting. Tho telegraph, how- | over, had invented nothing—it is true that am English | aper, the Daily News, had announced the fact; it | ject, bas entered into minute details as to themode of intervention proposed by the F'reach government, oply this mode would differ somowbat from the ‘overn | According to the Datly News, the fic oh republic of a firm erful government, in order to arouse that | ficent country from the te of prostration | ithas been redaced by a deplorable ad- | has already lasted too loag. | id Holland, would be invited to Spain, Belgium, take partin the ys been proposed by Franos, is as foll composing the congress declare t! they have no dosire, either particularly or collectively, or confer | on themselves either advantages or privileges; | but whereas the Tehuantepse route must in- | evitably ferm one of the principal moans of communication between tho Pacifico and tho | Atlantic oceans, and that object should be taken | into serious consideration by the Mexican govern- ment, they should propose that the goverament of | Mexioo immediately and effectually take ia hand the construction of this route. To arrive at this de- sirable result, » commissioner will be named to | receive the reports of distinguished engineers, eithor Moxican or foreign, as to the best means of con- | structing this\line of communication, and the powers will guarantee a loan sufficient for the realization | of the work, on condi:ion that the transit duties will | be applied to the payment of interest aud the reim- | bursement of the principal of the debt. It can be clearly seen from this, that from there | being any ooslition against the Uaited States, a coalition would appear to have been talked of with the United Stuies. Suppesing, however, that the Datly News is oorrec:ly informed, would the United States consent to enter into such a congress, and would they accep! decision after having re- fused to take part im i;? We doubt it; for during some time past, whether right or wrong. and rather more wrong than right, the United States have adopted asa principle to allow no Huropean nation | to interfere in the politics of the American conti- | | —Lhe nations | nent. Whether Mexico, too, so apt to rail againat the influence and even the counsels of other na:ions, would accept the kind of protection sought to be extended to it, we strongly doubt. The plan pro- pesd by France could only then be applied by the aid of violence—material vielence, perhaps, against the United States—moral violence against Mexico. | Certainly we do net imagine that this can be the end proposed. To eum up, then, war is imminent between M@rico and the United States; the latter have taken a war- like attitude from which they have beem and pro- bably will be unwilling to Clee Mexico om the other hand, cannot without dishonor abandon the clear and defined position which she has taken Each nation contends that she has right on her be tried. Onthe other hand, France only intends to interfere in this matter, not with a viow to foment discord, but merely in order to bring back peace | nd harmony, and accelerate the period desired by all for the opening of the Tehuantepeo isthmus to the commerce of the world. Would it not then be advisable for Mexico to pro: | pose to the United States to settle, x a reference | toa third power, the difference dividing the two countries? The arbiter is already fouad since one has already presented itself; if either party has, or | imagice it hasany motives to object to it, England, Spaim, Belgium, or Gollaud, are there all ready to | constitute themselves judges or mediators. We submit this idea to our brethren of the press; in our opinion it is worthy any other that we kaow of, and perhaps it may prevent a war by avoiding to injure tho legitimate suzceptibilities of cither of the | interested parties. {From the Trait d’Vnion, Sept. 9.} We are now acquainted with the tenor of the pub- lio prepositions made by the two other companies for the opening of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. They emanate from Mr Garcia and Mr. Bellangé, and both of them, likethe Guanajuata company, present themselves as exclusively Mexican. The Garcia company, before laying down its pre- positions, enters into 4 long preamble, in which tho reasone pleading in its favor are set forth; then ful- | low fourteen articles containing the conditions of It will first construct the Wagon road; this will be commenced within six | months after the concession of the privilege. This route will be finished in a year, and immodiately | thrown open to travel ; a line of di | mail coashes and baggage wagons will | lished. The government will point out the itinerary of the railroad and the system of construction. The construction of the railroad is to be began two ears after the concession of the privilege, and to be completed seven years after. The company fur- nishes securitios to the amount of three hundred thourand dollars, in active credits, acknowledged and liquidated on tho treasury. The contract will be valid fifcy years from the date of tho concession | of the priv@ege. During this time the government _ will receive one-third of the net profits of the en- terprise, the two remaining thirds to belong to the company. After the expiration of the fifty years, the government will be entitled tothe whole amouat of the profits. And lactly, the company acks for a privi'ege of nine years to establish moans of trans- portation on the wagon 4, and for tho ‘ation of the Costzacoalcos river and its affia he company will omploy as few foreigners as poasi- ble in the work that is to be done. | Thee propositiens are more definite and more pre- | cice than those of the Guapajuatacempany. We will | add, that they are even more favor although they may not bear appearance at first sight. It remains to be seon whether the government will find in the Garcia company all the desirable guar- entees for prompt and certain execution of the work. There hovers, moreover. over the conosssion, a serious question of responsibility, which has just been raised, and which cannot but place Mr Garcia in an unfavorable position. We shall explain our meaning more clearly in s moment. The propositions of the Beliangé cempany are | easily and briofly summed up: ‘‘That compsny ao- cepts the propositions made by the mixed company, | bo those propositions what they mey; and it is | exclusively Mexican, it olaims that it is, by law, entitled te the preforence over the latter.” | If Mr, Bellangé presented himself, with his Moxi- can stockholders, with his capital already fermed— in a word, with his cempany organized in every re- is argument would be unanswerable; and if | ed company be really the one that has made | tl the most advantagous offer, the preference could not | be refused without fisgrant violation of the law. But Mr Bellangé bas to this day presented himself alone; he cites no Mexican name, and, etill farther, he ia acoused of boing the disguised representative | of the American company of Now Orleans, s> that his company would the very antipodes of a Mexican company “ The Universal, in alluding to this matter, ex- presses an opinion which wo, for our part, cannot acopt as ourown. The Mexican government, ac- cording te that paper, could not, without incurring | great disgrace and runniog great ricks, treat in any | manner, or under any shape, with the company of | New Orleans, be tho title what it may under which | it present: itself. | The convoratoria makes no exceptions. The New Orleans company, if it should make the most claim as any other to an adjadication im its favor. Indeed, it would havo more than any other, for there is none other s0 well calcula! to do away with the politioal question and that of bape xd responsibility, which are prominent in thie affair. Thore are two companies left; the one of Mr. Sto- pheas, still in an en, tate, the darkness of whion we have thus f nm unable to penetrate, | and the mixed company. The mixed company! This one must indood be | very powerful, and very oonrcious of its strength, if we must judge by ite atiitude. They aay that it derives its sarurance from the inpregnability of its position, and that it has reached se high a peint that no rivelry oan affect it. The mixed compsay js that of Mr Sloo, represonted by Mossrs Uiarte, Payne, and Pasado; itis composed of Mexicans and strangers, hes oceans of gold, aud promises wonders. Such, at lesat, is the ourrent rumor; sooner or later wo shall probably arcortaia tho truth positively with regard to this matter. We have, in eur last number, spoken of the ps- and formi association of capital, oon- otitut roe of the mining compsay of Gua | Congress) is sufficient | authorities of the State ef Vera Cruz, that he | claring avy of the towns in a state of siege, or in | of the eleventh article of the treaty of Guadalupe®| | news, but the najuats. Wo cannot give an ovtimace of this botter tha by quoting fgurus. one may represent in the company, will only oblige them respectively te the accomplishment of the stipelations therein made, under paia of the fine imposed by the fourteenth basis, already cited, (the loss of the seeurity,) but always in proportion te the interest held by each. This point, then, is well settled; there is ne solida- rity or years unien of interest between the stockholdere; there is no unlimited engagement; there is, on the contrary, a circumscribed o| gption. and one, too, very narrowly circumsoribe the | greatest stockbolder among the rich mine! najuata, is only interested in the affair to th of ten thousand dollars. The formidable association of capital then is but a myth; as forthe patriotism, we shall now Mok into that. Let us take the heaviest stockholder, all heldin; to the amount above mentioned, viz :—ten thousan: dollars. The recurity deposited is two hundred thourand dollars, ($200,000,) the sum neoessary to the completion of thé work is calculated at tweive millions of dollars, ($12 000,000); if then the security deposited be lost, our stockholder will support, in the fine, at two hundred thoysamd dollars, a portion equivalent to the proportion existimg between ten thousand dollars aud twelve millions Result, one hundred and ajxty-six dollars and sixty-six conts. This, then, is tMe rate of his patrietiam. Ivis some- times well to look to the bottom of these matters. The Universal has raised a question which wo touched upon ourselves some time ago. The govern- ment should, says that paper, impose on bc rid receiving the preference, the advitionsl condition that such ps will support all pecuniary respousi- bility resulting from the olaims of th w O:leans company, by reason of the adjud This wou'd indeed be a capital measure, bus ene which would most probably deal @ death blow to the pre- tensions of the Guanajuata and Garcia companies, and put them entirely hors du combat. Tho Siglo pretends, that to impose such a condition would be virtuatly to recogniee the clsims of che Now. Orleans company. This opiniom cannot be deomed serious, and does not deserve the honor of discussion North America two rival companies had orga- nized, on the Mississippi, a line of steamboats, plying between two very important towns on | the river; competition brought a reduction of fare ; the boats of bovh limes lets and returned at the same hour. Then the contest began as to which boat would run for # lowe One of the comps- nies, wearied out and losisg all pationce, had the same idea as Mr. Bo!langé, and caused a huge sign to be painted, on whioh were painted the words, | © Here the prices will always belower, and the trips will always be shorter, than by the otaer line.” Toe | rival line did not, however, abandon the field, and in its turn hoisted a sign giving the passage grati A lower price than grais appeared somewhat diffi- | cult, but the spirit of competition has an active imegination. A new sign from the first company then infermed the public that not only the passage would be free on board its boats, but besides this, | all the pasrengers could at all times be helped to , beer, which would be thrown in besides. This measure was too bold not to decide the vio- tory; the beer carried the day, and brought the incenstant crowd with it. The boat and beer drink: | ers gratis started. The competition of speed was addcd to that of cheapness. Proud of its success, | the victorious boat steamed its way so warmly and | £0 speedily, that the boiler gave way, and the pas- sengers, after all, paid much dearer for their passage and their ocer, than pemeee and beer were worth. A word to the wise (that is to the government and The Latest News. From the New Orleans Picayune, Nov. 8 ] The United States revenae cutter Daane, Lieute- tenant Com’g Breshwooa, arrived last evening, in four deys from Vera Crus. Our files from Vera Crux are of the 30th, and | from the city of Mexico to the 28th ult. The United States steam frigate Powhatan, bear- ing the broad pennant of Com Newton, and having Judge Conkling, the United States Minister to Mexico, on board, arrived at Vera Cruz on the lst a from Havana, and sailed on the 2d for Pen- | sacola. The United States steamer Fulton alzo arrived at | Vera Cruz on the Ist, and was in port when the Duane left. . | The bark Brazillerio was to sail for|New York two | days after the Duane left. 3y the Duane we have received files from Vera | Cruz to the 30ch ult. | The revolotionsry movements still continued in the State of Vera Cruz, although it was donied that Rebolledo had seconded the plan of the insur- enta ut Jalisco. A body of troops had left Jalaps for Cordova and Orizaba, commanded by Gen. Marin. It was understood between him and the should proceed sgainst the insurgents without de- | any way ucurping the functions of the state officers | A jealousy appears to exist between the latter and the supreme government. The Minister of War had informed the Chamber of Deputies that ho did not deem it consistent with the public good to give tho in’ormaion it required about the pronunciamento of Mazatlan. Captain Pedro Valdes, the leador of the insurgents a: that port, bas written @ letter in which he says heen- | tirely agrecs with the princip!es proclaimed in Jal- | isco, and the revolutiouists at Guadalajara had also | followed suit. Gon. Jose Muria Yanez had taken the customary oaths as Governor of Jalisco, and im- mediately issued a decres for a forced loan it was rumored in Mexico that the Michoacan in- surgents have entered Morelia, and that the govern- ment tro bad pronounced in their favor. The Siglo eays that fifty men, with some pieces of artil- lery. had left Mexico for Morelia, which gives some color to the rumor. Babamonde, one of the leaders of the revolutionists in Michoacan, had issued a preclamaticn, holding out indacements te tho offi- | cers and soldiers of the government to come over to him, ani threateniog ail who opposed him. A resolution been introduced in the Chamber | of Deputies, cailing upon the Minister of Foreiga Relations for information as to the nonfulfillment,| Hidalgo, aud inquiring if it was true that negotia- tions had been entered into for the purpose of re- | lieving the United States fom the obli; impored on them by that article The @ article of the treaty is the one by which the United States binds itself to protect the Mexican frontier from the incursions ot the Amerisan Iadians. | The Zratt d’ Union says that o plot to assassinate the President of the Republic had been discovered. Don Mariano Yunez bad been named Minister of | Rejations. The Siglo thinks this event indicates a | radical change in the policy of the administration. The Legislature of Puebla had preferred an acou- | tation against Senor Aguirre, one of the cabinet, | for the decree permitting the exportation of the two | millions and a half in specie, belonging to the Eng- lish creditors of the republic, without the payment of the customary duties. Tho Supremo Tribanal of | War had also preferred accusations against the Minister of War, for not having complied with the Ao ht of that body against the commanding eneral. . The paper called Asmodeas, in tho eity of Mexico», | had been suppressed, and an jal named Ca | seres bad been arrested for ha me copics in his possession. The collector of customs at El Paso and the poli- | tical chief had takon up arms against the military commandant of that city, in consequence of the frau- dulent introduction of some foreign goods We gavo this morning « rapd summary of the touess of the hour at which we re- ceived our files precluded our giving a proper dotail- ed review of them The news is more important ia & general point of viow 1 aa been brought by avy singe arrival einoe the conclusion of the war. | We give below extracts from the papers of the city | of Mexico. The Sigio Dicz y Nueve, of tho 23d, ssys:— After three days of continual supplication, Dom Mariano Yanez has acer pted the portfolio of foreign relations, ua- | der condition that he shsil have authority to direct, in all things. the polley of the country, ev she giving a ization to the oabinet. The it of Senor Yanez wi'l give confidence te the frien he consti tion, when they remember that he ieft the cabinet be- cause he would uot countenance the «rors which we now lement. We know that ail the respom-ibility of the go- yerpment is on bimexclurively, and this only oan ex- pisim his extrance in the cabinets The Monitor, (the government organ,) neither a] Ves HO disapproves the nomipatien of the new mipister. The Orden loove askance at it, and the Siglo, in reply to some observations, says:— he advent of Senor Yanez will be useful if he really obanges the policy of the executive, If this is not pos sible we aro contident he will abandon the post, and the = of the govermment will thea become most oom- leated. ig regard to the Tchuantepec business nothing definite has tranepired. No othor of the proposi- tions presented had been published, and the com- mission bad ceased intorvene im the matter, the whole affair remaining in the hands of Sonor Remirez, who was preparing all the documents for publication. The goveromont will decide the busi- ness without other aesisianoe. ‘Lhe Sevuate has rejocted the proposed avanesty to the insurgents of the State of Vera Cruz In @ secret session of the Chambor of Doputios a motion was made, in consequence of a note from the Minister of the Treasury, to aogotinte » loan of three mi)lions of dol'ars, excluding therefrom all rate of interest not to exovced one per jonth, the proceeds of the loan to bo used for the re blichment of order All direot cor tributions ¢ States of tho federation to bo im- one-half. ‘The Chamber waa to hsvo decided om the 26th | lie authorities w! lal | ©Since you are all cowards, 1 shall dofend myself, | loading axain, fire, fire!” | for they are all | first is, confided to Senor Munoz Ledo, which the Universal says is aleo impolitic, as no one knows better than Governor Munoz the great services which this hon- est patriot has yielded te the State and to the true cause of order. The Universal hopes that instead of complying with the order, Sonor Munez will ma- ni 0 them that ne sped oan result frem such i 6 conape in regard te this affair lo of the 28th says:— bey Munoz Ledo, on earning the late variations in ae arrest General Uraga, but whom they arrived they found he had left the town. ‘he revolution of Guadalajaraseoms to be gather- ing strength, and precents a more formidable aspect. A change of its plan has been mado. All the pub- 0 have forfeited the comfidence of the people are disarmed. Am ox! inary Co gress, composed of two deputies from oach State, is convoked, which shall proceed to theelection of a President ad interim, and a refer of the con- stitution. Gen. ita Ann: led upon to ro- turn to.the republic, and Gen. Uraga is invited to place himself at the head.of the movomeat. The Siglo Diez y Nucve of @he 28th says:— Pecterday the government received an express from Zapotlanejo, We are told that there was scmo dissen- sion smong the insurgents; that Gen. Uraga has not accepted the invitation to join the movement, aad that the commandant of tht wished to pronounce, he had beem removed. Tho commandant ef Jalisto, Gen. Vasquez, ad- vised the supreme government that a flag of truce had been sent by the insurgents with two commis- sioners, inviting him to jointhe mevement, and that he had refused te do ro. Letters of the 25th, from Gen. Vasquez, aunout that he cooeeres it very difficult te defeat the in- igspeat fori ¢ legislature of Guamajuata had met to con- sider what steps should be taken im regard to the revolution. \ Combat of Half an Hour’s Duration Be- tween One Manu oa Foot and Eleven Rob- bers on HorseBack, [From the Monitor Republicano, of Mexico, Oct. 6 } Ata time who know that valoris‘a sentiment sprung from love of glory and the desire to acquire renown, at that it prompts its possessor to seek the greatest dangers, we shi cured if we give our readers which only came to our ears y: rative we ehall studiously avo it deserves implicit confidence, facts certainly very improbal it, it isto prove the unquestionable truth of t! Latin adage: audaces fortwna juvat, and to inci| travellers to defond themselves whenever they are previded wich arms. n of Guadalajara, sent » body of troops to San Mi. | e this of ours, when there are so fow | bataliion of Guamajanta heving — Some four or five days since, at half-past one in | hy the afternoon, ail coach er diligence from Ar- royezarco was id near Tepejidel Rio. It had been raining slightly j1¢t before, and the coach was closed on one side. Inthe interior of the diligence | were an Englishman, three Spaniards, one I'reach | lady and our hero, Mr. Albers Speyers, a wealthy merchant, a German by birth; om the top wore seated three Mexicans All the passengers at the time of the dreaming of anything but danger, and the of the arrival of the robbers was the insertion, through one af the windows of the coach, of a pistol, ‘and the cry, “Give up your arms, or you are all dead ’’ “Yes,” answered Speyers, leaning forward, “bat bullets and all,” and he showed the robber a small two barrelled pistol. On seeing this the rob- ber crouched down to shield himesif behind bis | horse. Speyers, who had taken hisaim, discharged his weapon, while the robber, with five others sta- | tioned on the other side of the vehicle, did the came. ‘he discharge was happily without fatal result on | either side. Speyers, upon this, heedless of the entreaties of the passengers, who sought to restrain him, opens the door of the coach, leaps to the ground, and, pistol in hand, pursues the robber that had fired at him, and who, im cempanywith the five already mentione had gore to join six more, who were stationed at some little distance on the road, Regardiess of numbers, Speyers, with;his other pistol, fires into the more weapons. When he reached it, he found all the other passengers accumulated in the bottom of the corch. He speaks to them—encourages them, butin vain. Hoe then takes out his watch, and al the money in his pockets, and lays the whole under the cushions, when he draws his other two-barrelled, | and one six-barrelled pistol, with which he pur- Pee to pursue the campaign. The former ies ie | iiacke to one of the passengers, exhorting him to leave the coach and defend himeelf. Speyers himeolf prepares the pistol. and offars to place it in the hands of passenger, but fear that be canno$} grasp it. Speyers becomes still more excited, and alone; remain where youare.” = _« Meantime the highwaymen were crying, ‘‘ He is ” and hey poured in the coach s deluge of bullets, which respected t valiant Speyers. The latter, however, looses no | time; seizing a firm hold of his revolver, he darts forward in pursuit of the eleven robbers, who, 0! secing him, leap over the wide trench on one side of the road, there to reload their weapons. Shortly after they return towards Speyers, surround him at seme dietence, and cry tohim, ‘‘ We see that you are a brave man, ‘se are we—surrender. We do not wish to kill so valiant a man” ‘ Very brave, you are, indeed,” answers Speyers, “ in against one.” This said, he sets forth in pursuit of the rob. bers, who fly at his approach. ‘* Why do you fly?’ he cries; ‘*did you not say you wore brave? Come, cowards—come, every one of you—one by one, | await you here.” But their only answer isa shower of bullets and slugs, which whistle around the undaunted Speyers. He replies by a discharge of four barrels, that prove ineffectual, in consequence of tho incessant move- ment by tho horses preventing his aiming with any approach to certainty. This general discharge having been made, all the ssengers advance towards Speyors; they seize old of him, they entreat him to yield up his armi ing te be victims; he shoul recollect that there is a lady among them. Spoyers resists; the robbers surround him oace more ; thon he, pistof im hand, cries:—‘‘ Come, you say that you are brave, we will see if it be so. I shall sur- render my arms on twe conditions.” ‘ What are they 7” ory the robbers; “‘ we swear faithfully to respect them.” ‘Well, then,” said Spoyers, ‘ the that you will make no attempts against my person ; the second is, that you will,touch nothing belonging to me.” ‘* Yes, wo swear it,” exclaim all the robbers in # breath. ‘‘ Horo, then, is my weapon,” answers Speyers; ‘‘ there are yet two barrels loaded.” The captain of the band then received the pistol, and all proceeded together towards the diligence. In one instant all the trunks were torn open, the carpet bags turned inside out, &o. —the banditti respecting nothing but what Speyers pointed out as his property. Meanwhile, our hero, roated on a cage coutaining the samples of the goods which he carried, was drawing figures in the sand, with a coelness and sang froid something more than admirable. The robbery being completed, the hi, sgl oer having resumed thei wae horssback, luted Speyers, taking leave of him in these words “* Farewell, brave man; remember that even we robbers know how to keep our word.” ‘‘Farewell,’, wered Speyers, ‘‘ Giod grant that it may not be fo jer.”” In this fight more than thirty shots were die- charged at Speyers. Two half spent balls were the only oves that reached him, when he was searching for revolver in the diligence--one sfruck him on the arm and the other in the back, a third he found in his boot on going to bed, without know whenoe it came. The Englishman had his han badly injured by bullet, which even now cannot be extracted; the driver was also wounded, and the French lady received in her dress four bullets, whioh did not, however, injure he Mr. Albert Speyers lost in this affair nothing but his watch and some money, deposited im the dili- gence and which he did not claim, having no arms te back his demand. Wi ‘@ been informed that Mr. Spoyors is a mer- chant, established at New York, and aconstomed to travel in caravans npg toe Indians of the North, and on one occasion, be! eompanionr, sustained gains’ covonty-five savages ® combat which Issted from sunrise till sanget, leaving more than twenty-five of them atretchod on the ground, esinoerely wish that there wers in Mexico a few | hundred men of the Speyers stamp, in order that the Lighway banditti_ might recoive the only treat- ment end the only indulgence they deserve ba notwithstanding the philanthropic of tl honorable representatives who, at most, ibe change of climate for the cure of what they deom = local infirmity. Cavrom Watts Bown Down at Darnorr —Bo- tween 12 and 1 o'clock sormeet when ee gies es riven to its strongest pitel the front of the 1 2 chureh, erecting on the corner of Shelby and ta streets, was blown dowa by the force a wi 2 elderly woman who lives olore by, was anf: mtg gm Ing om the sidewalk at the time when the an’ was knoked dowm and severely hurt. About sree minutes afer the fall of the front wall, the remaining si wal ‘also blown down. The only wall now standi ia that at the north end, where it was intended the pulp! should be ereoted. The ether side wall was blowa down some days ego by the foros of the prevailing storms of the fant fow Aays.—Detroit AAdvertiver, Nov 13, . Richardson is on trial in Pittsburg, for shoot. PB ir be gon The fatber had leaded the gua. but it that It 00 6 ler that the wemar ‘away, 02 he was thine habit of com!ng te amaoy her, ead fired to trighteet hina over, what was goin; fear the influence ef that country affairs, or in thoir treaties of peace and commeroiat alliances. But at present the lnpee of & very fow days will convey to Europe the slightest oscillations ot North American tics, which now awaken, in all the nations of the old world, an intorest lively as though they were these of a neighbori: country, So effectual is commerce im levelling the difficulties created by water, taat the esean is no longer a barrier, aad all the earth appears te be one single continent. Poland and Russia are farther distant from Spain than the United States. © © There is nothing extraordinary, then, in the inter- est with which Ei a powers observe the move- ments attending and following the elec: f tl executive in the United States, ho th: Is that office having in his hands such powerful means of influencing a restless and ambitious demooracy, numberisg twenty-four millions. Im 1848 the name of Generel Cass, as candidate for the Presidency, filled Englead with uneasiness, and in Spsia was considered as presaging various dangers to the poace of the world. The English then saw personified in Mr Casa the paler: of the democratic administra- tious from 1829 te that time; they s the ruim of commeroial credit nent, the Cansda troubles resusoi land invaded to aid the party of th 4 uneasiness of Engi: was not ontirely dissipated till the election of General Taylor, and t'll the Popa. lar voto had rejected Cass, ‘the adulator ouis Philippe, and the fermenter of the jealousy and ran- cor existing between the-two nations.” Tho olec- tion of General Taylor was considered in England as a happy event of a natioval character. With equal, if not stil! greater uneasiness, wou'd the popular nomination now be regarded of one of thoce notabilities, only notorious from their bold profession of illegal aud barbarous principles, such as those which shine furth from the eolumas ef the Ailas, in an article which we gave our readors as a sample of opinions of that kind. But it is not at the commerce and rest of Europe that are interes! in the direction of the public affairs of this country being placed in moderate and reasonable hands—the peace and flourishing commerce of the United States themselves may also depend on the election of » chief of the republic. At home, the exaggeration of the demooratic principle, which denies the central government all power save that of making war, and opposing the executive veto to tho laws of Con- gress—which proclaims the liberal maxim that the spoils belong to the victors, converting the govern- into ® machine of proscription agaiost the more able and exporienced funo:ionaries of the State establishes,as convenient,the absurd g; sub: yanip,” putting “into ciroalation one kind of money for the government, and another | for the peopl Abroad, the maint oe of the untenable pri eleng, by | right, the pro’ of all North- | that inevitable fate calls thi | elected to impress its character em the progress | the executi | group, and then returns to the coach in quest of | ern and Central Amerios; that the time when all institutions not exactly similar to those of the United States must be laid by on the shelf; and United States to urrection against other nations. the head of every popular it every thing established amon; All these principles, sustained even te favor- itisem by @ portion of the people, and continually tated by the demagogues who make popalar vanity a tool subservient to their own ambition and the furtherance of their own pl , might com) aise the interior tranquility of the country, and in- volve it in serious difficulties with the other powors, were these peeiples to be personified im the name of the chicf power of the Uni seers and to veto or approve the laws ere- ated by the legislature. 5 This disposition ef the democratic band was the starting it of those who, too lightly, so were wont te auger disasters without end as ¢! future share of the United States, and their com- merce with Enrope, since the Baltimore Convention eet the election te the Presi iency of a oandi- late of that party. But this opinion was net found- ed on the recent causes which must necessarily have moderated the sentiments of tho majority ef the people in respect of the democratic doctrines which ave alluded to.@ The question of disuniom, breached by tho partizans of freosoilism and abo- | eins et of the threatening protest of the | Man, Btate of Maine against the law of the federal Con- greas; that of the incompatibility with the insti- tutions of the country of a numerous standing rien necessary to earry into effect the extention of tory; all these questions, one of which some time since compromised the federal harmony, and called forth the persuasive eloquence of Daniel Webstor and other illustrious statesmen, were duly ex- mined in theif nature and consequenoes, previ at a time when the people were about electing the on whose skill or want of it was o depend harmony disoord, pence or war. Political novices, or men grown gray im Yollowing a beaten track and a routine or | whence they cannot depart, those Europeans | | | furs and supp! ind his wagons, with ten | certainly were who argued that pesee tween the two continents was fatally id with the election of a Whig President ; evitably so, they contended as war was with the election of a democrat to the Presidency; they did not take into account the good sente of this mation, which knows as well as any, and better than meay, what are the means of preserving peace, of honor- ing what is honoreble, and of rendering justice te him who knows how to claim it. The people of the United States have placed at the head of their government a man hitherto un- known to strangers, but whose characte: and private, was well known to the part; him their vote. The whig party itself appears convinced of the uslenineas NE thi sclevtiga: 3 organs give the most entire assent their Lent jon, and are new the first sincerely to praise the honorable character, sound ope egy rs elevated mind ofthe new chief of the State. For our part, we do not hesitate to give oredit te Mr. Pierce for the great qualities which are attributed to him, and we hope that the experience of the com- ing administration will justify our confidence in his judgment, by following the path of concord, mation- gress, and harmony with ether nations. tse ‘Soule ti '» Douglass, Bachanan, Iai ralization, and.armed taterventie are as living s proof of the practical good sense of the majority of the democratis party in the United States, as the abandonment by the whig party of Gen. Soott is of their distrust the dangerous extravagances of Sewardism. News from the Far Northwest. gre the Sault Ste, Marie (Mich ) Jourmal, Nov. 3} Rev. Peter Jacobs, Ojibwa missionary, returned te this place yeaterday on bis way to Montreal from York Factory, situated on Hudson's Bay, a short distance this side of the north pole. He came to the Sault on hia way to that place on the boat last and since that time, with the exception of weoks spent at ibe ig ¢ has been travelling to and from that truly hyperborean region. D. ring this period of about six months he has traversed ‘ast extent of country between Lake Superior and Hudeon’s Bay, a journey going and coming not lees than four thousand miles in length, in bark canoes, on foot and in small vessels. This route lies by tho way of the Red River of the north, Lake Winnepeg, Lake of the Woeds aad other email lakes in that region; where there was water he travelled in his canoe, where thore was none, his canoe was carried over portages on the sheulders of his voyageurs. On his return, in passing screse Lake Winnepeg ke had the misfortune to bo ship- wrecked in his frail birchem vossel and of lesing five hundred dollars im specie, together with his clothes, equipment and valuables, his mon and him- eelf escaping barely with their lives. Lake Winnepeg, or the ‘‘ muddy water,” is quite a large sheet of water, boing about 300 miles in length and 60 ia width, or about as large as Lake Erie. One solitary schooner, of some Mfty tone burthen, is all the vessel that sails over its broad surface, if we except the bark osnoes of the vo! shy This bape 4 Nelongs a = none ‘ur Com om; transpe: eoplioe on their may to and from Hudson's Bay, the obief factory of this grost Lar ng! Little oa ls koowh of this great northora lake, with ite solitary vessel and ite limited businoss, It is what Loke Suporior was to the world twonty-fire years ago, and it is not unreasonable te suppose that, as in the caso of this Iake, unknown resources and ua- forteem ciroumstanees, will, in twenty-five years more, surround its shores with civilization, an@ cover its waters with stom and sail vessels. That it is a region: rich in minorala there is no doubt, from the testimony of many travellers The time may come whon Lake Suporior will be but the half wy place for business and travel te the North- west. We learn from Mr. Jacobs that Mr. MoTavish, obief factor, axd formerly stationed at this place, remains at the bay; that Mr. Ballenden, also for eeveral years agent of the Hudson’s Bay post hore, has recovered his health, and kas gone this season over the mountaina to Colambia on the fo, and thst the season has been pl @ favorable ne for the business of th Tur Bronswiox Rarnoap.—Alll the engaged in surveying the route for the ra\iroad oast and weat of Bt, Joba, N. B. have concluded thote lebore for the seacom. The engineers. Mossrs Beatty & amp! arrived here ey ia steamer Admiral; they go on to New York, and |b im tho steamer whiok salle next Wednesday for Liverpool. It was believed that all that had been dope towards the railroad would roceive the: royal rapotion, and thet the work would Se commenoe@ carly im the spring. Seston Post, Nov. 15