The New York Herald Newspaper, October 23, 1852, Page 2

nn ne eee eS a ee ee ae SS ———eeee—————eeeEeEeEeEeEeE——E—Eee= THE WEW YORK FIRE CASES. @he Best Description ef the Great Confla- gration of 1835, VERDICT OF THE JURY. FRIDAY—SEVENTH DAY. XMPORTANT ACTION ON TRIAL AT NEWARK, BEFORE JUPER POTTS AND A SPECIAL JURY, ARISING OUT OF THE DESTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS BY GUN- i DURING THE GREAT FIRE OF DEUEMBSR, | | | APTRRNOON SESSION. | The Court sat at half past two o'clock. | Mr. Charles Haswell, examined by Mr. Van Wage- | per —I was foreman of an engine company. Q — What conversation hed you with Mr. Gulick, the | Chiet of the Fire Department? | Objected to by Mr. Davies, on the part of tho | defendant. The Court did not consider the question ad- | tairsible. | Mr Van Wagener oxplained. Quostion admitted. Witners—Taoe progress of the fire towards Nos. 48 and 52 Exchange place was slower. Q —Was it | wr essing slower aud slower? A —TIt was. - hat was the condition of tho fire before No. 43 ‘was blown up as to the probability of its boing ar- rested earlicr? A.--The fire waa progressing slowly from William street; the houses on fire were on the north and east of Wall streets the river had brought im the fire up as for as Oid slip; it thon crossed Water street, and was communicating to the houses en the lower end of William street, and was bura- fing to Coerties slip and Oid slip; the fire was pro- og slowly to Broad street, to windward; Wil- street, at Hanover square, where the fire crowed, is about twenty-two feot wide; tho walk wae about five feet wide on each side of William street; I thought that the fire should stop at Broad street, as it was a natural barrier; I first went to | the Exchange in Wall street, and then crossed to / Williem street; [ do not know how No. 52 was built I think the fire would have been stopped at No. 52 if the citizens had worked as hard then as thoy did after daylight. Q —What was the effect of blowin; up Nos. 48 and 50 on the fire? A —-It narsiad. the fire very rapidly; the effect of blowing up was to cauce the walls to fall down in the | court, ond to leave the flooring and rafters free from the wall; the fre canght them immediately; if astream of water had followed the explosion, it would have stopped the fire, but there was no stream of water t ust in conjunction with the explosion, | the exclamation “If there was only a stream of water now,” was used twenty times; there was no fire in No. 50 when No. 48 was biown up; I think it was a great mistake to blow up No. 43; | thought the effect would have been better than it turned out: if No. 48 had not been blown ap, [ think thoro wonld have been abundance of time to remove the goods before the fire would have reached the stores in a@ natural way; | was in No. 52 before the explosion; there was nothing like fire in No 52at tho time of | the explesion; the explosion of No. 48 took away’) of No 50; it threw down nearly the whole of | 0. 50; no part of No. 52 was injured by the con- | eussion; it was more exposed to the fire; the dostrus- | tion ef No. 48 prerented the gable end of No. 52 to the fixe; the bricks would be sufficient to stop the fire if it continued on the walls, but it crept rouad the cornices; if the wind is contrary to the flames, in that way it progresses slowly; the fire was cons fined altogether to that locality; after N and 50 were blown op the fire could coramunicate to the coping of No 52; Lehould think it went fifteen or twenty feet high; the fire communicated with No. $2 under the rovf, on the rafters; fire licks round the eorner of a building: it would have been easy to have fought the fire out of No. 52 when it reached it; I mean by fighting out, people going and scrap- it with sticks and cloths; they would have prevented it from burning; I saw a bouse in Beaver | street seved in that way, during that firo; in Beaver staeet, they carried powder into a house to biew it up: I thought it could bo saved without destroying it; I went to the naval officer and said that I could gave the building; ho said he did not like the i terference of citizens; I told him I would save it in twenty minutes, and if not I would help him to blow itjup; he consented; I then went and got help; we went into the house and saved it by fighting the fire ovt of it with sticks and cloths: this was on the | game block with No 52; I saw buildings saved after the couplings were on fire. To aJuror—I have never seen a house saved after the roof was on fire, without water. To Mr Van Wagener— If the roof was all on fire, would require a good deal of"water to put it out; ifthe roof ct No 52 took fire, it would require a reat quactity of water to put it out pipes would required to reach the coping of No 3 eif No. 48 bad not keen blown up, it would have taken an hour and a half before the fire would reach No 52; the lower part of Ne 46 was not untenable ; whoa Ne. 48 was biown up the top of No 46 was on ; street is next to Beaver; did not notice the f the fire towards Broad sureet ; my atten- Eaves ot directed to the south side Orors-examined by Mr. Cutting —I was twenty- six yeare of ago in 1835; I believe No 43 was not on wken it was blown up; it might have been en fire in the rear; when I was twonty-six years eld I was an auctioncer, in the furniture line ; 1 was suctioncer a few months; I was a few months out of employment ; # short time before that L was in eommiesion business ; 1 was in that basiness out fifteen months: 1 was agent for Howell Co's works, I was their agent eightoon months; went as clerk and time keeper to Jamos P aAdlair; was his clerk eighteen months; I was then about nineteen, I think; before that I went as elerk to David Rogers & Sons, West Yudia sugar dealers ; before that I went to school : T can’t @eseribe on the map the beuse that I saved; it was somewhere obout, Nos 43 and 45; there were no stores between it and No. 52; the house saved was a dwelling house; this is the only house I kne te bave been saved in that way; the officer [ an- plied to was Captain Mix; he was in charge, i Suppose all the operations were directaa by wae a tell, stout man: I saw wa oliver there, he aided; a ssnal) building alongside of it, towards Beaver street, wason fire, and commanicated the fic to the one saved: | am Chiet Engineer Deparuwent of the navy; neither Mr. Wenman nor I took charge particularly; every one was doing the best they could; Mr Wenman and I acted princi- pally in iay ing the trsins; the powder was covered with a terpaulin; i think it wae a tarpaulio; it was met too durk to see a tarpaulin; | knew notaiog more than that ihe powder was in a cask; there was u beal a it; { knocked the head ia with the heel of hook ; Ht ie difficult to say what sort of a cask the powder was iv; I ficed the train outside the building, oa th steps leading vo the cellar; ¢ four Minutes beiore the explosion; Wenman avd Mr. Cox went < msich wae formed of paper #nd pieces of & pogne basket. which | found in the street; this was ne moe #51 wae concerned in it; J do not know whe Brought the powdor. or where it came from: I saw it at tbe corner of Broad street; [ do not reco! the man who had it; I do oot revollect Mr. Wear eod Mr Lex t it; saw No 419 Exchange place @p fire; do bp Hlect bow long it took to spraad @ver ai} the building; the fire in No. 4) had ex- tended to s moderate oxtent; it would tak twenty minutes, from its takiog fire, till the fro would envelope the entire bmidir that wag at fret: 1 do not know whet goods were in No. S8; 1 do not kyow the quantities [ climbed Q When saying that there was time to rem e@ goods what do you dpor from’? A —J did wot tura my attention to it; goods were thrown ovt; 1 do not think taere wore the street; there wore hand carts; Drond ar Excbenge pluce, was between eighty and one @reé fie’ wide; the goods were on the side street: they were piled to different heights; g Wore on the street; thore goods were toflammable Q.—W hat was the space from the houser oa the oust tide road Street, eupposing they had taken fire, to thes: goods on the street. A —Ditfer there were very few goods in Beaver sireet. ( What was the building on the corner of Broad and Beaver strents! A —It wae a store; there was a int shop there; if that store had caugh Id not have been much danger of the fi ‘to Wall etreet; I suppose there were ouses on the west of Broad street; cabinet warehouse; ifit had taken fico the inty is that it would bave barnt the houses near to it; the windows of the buildings in Hxchange Ineo had no iron shutters on them; I do not revol- it woat the shatters in front were composed of Tow Jurcr—A brick wall, of eighteen inches, Would be sufficient to protect wood from the ould not have beon extinguished without aa eagi if the grout heat had eommunivated fire to Mr. Meeks’ warehouse Bomue! R. Urooks, examined by Mr. Van Wage | over of goods t Rer—I resided at 84 Brosdway in the elty of York io 1535; | went tw a boilding in Hunover | Square, cocupicd by Post, Gibtoo & Pose: m @nd those people who were in the building lof is when it became unsafe; i-weat from there to Mr Lord's to sssixt in removing geods; Mr. Blein Lord occupied 52 Exchange place; 1 arrived thera about twelve o'ciook ; I wae working in the build. ing (52) all the time; the fire had not crossed Wiliam street when 1 went into Me Lord's: we worked in removing goods until we reoeivet votive that they were to blow it up; Mr. Lawrence and Aldermen Tayicr and Benson were there; | seme conversation with them ; tiey we: wards Broad stroet; | remained there 4 so long that @ good deal of gocde evuld Lave removed while 1 was standiog; I made some marks so the geatiemen relative to blowing up; J reeellect that | concurred with them in the neceasity of blowing up; my imprension is that I waited nearan hoor ; I regretted that I did not continue removing; they ime bringing the powder; { au Net positive ne to the time that olepeod betwen t! blowing op 48 a.4 the biowing cp of 52; it m have been baif an hour tw | two or three o'clock; we had boon remo | fireman; I was attached to engine No. | of the evening iike ono streak of flame, with if I could get 10 assist we could remove tl Hid not 8 5 wish to go in, but I felt sets ee Ui eryd was no danger; I in myself ; there was no fire whatever inside ; the effect of the first explosicn was that the whildings fellin and dragged everything down; the rains were up sgvinat 52; the building No 50 was throwo down by the ex josion ; the Gre was constantly aporosching those uildings ; I sbould think that No 44 was entively consumed, and No 46 was in (lames, at the time of the Ge eel the fire was coming towards us; oro- bably the coping of No 48 w: explosion; | mean the cornices: Crors-examined by Mr Cattiag—The time that | we received the notice of blowing up was about irom the lofts; we worked very bard; we had re- moved about ons half of the goods; about 200 cases; we worked rapidly; we had from five to swenty mon avristing; it was at first difficult to get assistance; when I crossed to Mr Lord’s the tre was not in Exchavge place; I recommended removal, beoause the fire was making towards us rapidly; the fire was burning in ali directions; is crept up against the wind; it crept very fust, I was astoniched to see its ogress; I worked half an hour: I would go and | look out very frequently; the firs waseoming up Garden street; the notice of powder came from below; first. one voice ciied out, and thea several voices cried out; 1 do not know who first gave no- tice; no stores were mentioned; when 1 went out I saw two men wich something across their shoulders covered with a tarpaulin; I was told that it was powder; this was after tho explo: ; I saw no powder when | came out; it was in consequenes of the notice that we left tho store ; nothing more than that; I expectedthey would have blown it up; I wae apxious to have it done; there were no flames | 05 coming out of No I saw smoke; there might have beon flames; | wont through the building (52) through each room; I know that the bricks were not hot; I went into the rear building plosion; it belonged to Mr. E. Lord: when the explosion took place; if the bricks from No. 52 were hot enough to set a shed on fire, there must have been fire in No. 5: Worthington Hutebkisson, examined by Mr. Van Wagener—I resided in the city of New York, be- tween Narsau and Fulton streets, in 1835: oe a 0.15 was not at the fire; I was present at tae fire; I was in the rear building of Nos 50 and 52, ocoupied by Herbert & ea seeing that there was danger of the fire crossing William street, I went to give my Gesistance in removing goods; I cannot answor as to the time after [ went until the fire broke out in one mass; | wor! there nearly an hour; we removed a ood deal of goods from the rear to the front; Her- pert & Casey occupied tne ground floor. [Witness Gescribed the situation of the building from a mop } We removed the goods through the two doors iu she court way to the front; we were ordered out by some person; I believe it was a magistrate of the city; I could not positively swear who it was [The examination on this point was objected to by de- fendant’s counsel Mr. Davies stated the grounds of the objection. The question was overruled. The question was put on paper, aod handed to the Court] I worked in tbe store half an bour— it might bave been an bour; I cannot teil the time of tke first explosion; after we left the store we mi weht down to the fire at different places; when I re- | tursed No. 52 was not blown up; I am positive as to that; I did not see the explosion of No. 52; I then went round to Exchange place, and when I came back I was tola that No. 52 was blown up; when I came back the first time 1 was asvonished to find that No. 52 was not blown up; I think there was 00 fire in No 52; | presume that No. 52 might have been saved with great exertions; I think that if No. 48 bad not been blown up the goods could have been removed from No. 52. Q—Ifthe build. | ings Nos 48, 50, and 52 had burned as othor build- ings could the goods have been removed? A —I am positive that the goods could not have been re- moved from No 52. To Mr. Cutting—-Herbert and Casey occupied the first and second fioors in the court yard; vhey occu. piod no part on Garden street; I know nothing of Lord, & Co; | was in the store; Herbert & Casey | were in the hardware business; we took out the goods in packages; these are the goods I said inight have been removed; I noticed the fire par- ticulari violence; I stood, with a police officer, on the corner of Exchange place; the fire was burning in the game way in Hanover square; it burned in the early part fury; up to ten o'clock there were from thi ix to | forty houses burned down; I cannot say whon twelve | o'clock came; I cannot say how many were burt al- together; the fire burned to windward, and every | way; it did not burn against the wind as fast as it did Pisaided the wind; it burned slowly asainst the wind. To Mr. Jones—I cannot say how the wind blew ‘na the early part of the evening: the night was very cold; when I got to the Exchange the buildings were all in flames in every direction; | cannot suy whether the wind was bigh or low, or in what di- rection it blew: I went to Adams's store froating Peek shp: I have no recollection of being in Broa street; I saw the Garden street church on fire; I can- not tell what tims it took fire; the only thing [knew of the approach of morning, was when I was inforn ed that breakfust was ready: I cannot tell what tine No. 48 was biown up: I could not tell when d light came, the flumes were so bright; I saw the Ex- change on fire; I went down WalJ street to the docks; there were buildings below Wall street on fire: was in Wall street when the Exchange took fire; | was several timer that night incommoded by the fire This closed the proceedings of the’ seventh day The Court adjourned till ten o’clock Saturday moring. EIGHTH DAY—SATURDAY. The Court assembled at the usual hour. Tho first witnessed called on the part of the plaintif, was 4 James A. Hamilton, examined by Mr. Van Wag ener—In 1835 his residence was in Westchester County, near Lockport; recoilects the groat fire of 185d: was at that time in the city of New York with his femily, in the City Hotel; went to bed about 10 o’elock; my wife came to my bedside and awak- ened me, eaying that there was a grestfirein tho city, and that the Exshauge was va fire; I got up and went to Wail vet; saw there a great fire; went round Broad street and saw the devastation coumitted by the fire; it was excessively cold; the wisd blowing from the northwest; the cold was so excessive that the eng could not play; that wa rally the case; after goivg round I went into 1 street, opposite the Exchunge; I entertained expressed the opinion that the ouly way to keep back the fire from that part of the city that was not burned was by powder; I urgod that’ opia- s oon: jon onthe Mayor and others with whow | versed; L got to the scane in Wail street pec about 12. o'clock; Je the tour of tt asa then ente reral Swifc and myae md and aseertain the different poiats w blowing up of the buildings would be most eff in arresting the fire; General Switt’s opinion it was that was considered of value, wit nd not mine; s west with big, and we ¢ hing together, decided on in * the examination we Yxed on a duild- £ xe, and on doing 30 we were onsiderationa; ove was that t buildiegs to be preserved by @ this vacuum, aod the other was the ranid recs of the tire on the points fixed upon as pro- use powder: there was no apprehensiva o2 our part that the fire would croas Broad strest: there waa serious rchension in the minds of others that it would; tere was a range of vulaabio property between the spots we fire¢ on and Brow treet which it would be well to preserve, acd the fire was raging very wards Broad puree our attention was the powder from the t it was difficult te and other vbstru nto procure powder; there were no buJdin, blown up vefore three o clock; I waa with Mr Law- renee, going round to different. places for the pur- pose of procuring powder, and im ont progress wo werein a grocery evore in Broad atreet; [ fels ihat ure Wes very great aud unnecessary delay in blowing up: I took ous my wateh, and said to Mr Lawrence, ‘if anything is to be done in the matter, it is time it was done;” It ie impossible to say bowlong before this iv was, that I had stated to the Mayor the poiate fixed on; T believed that the nocossary haste io so important amatier was not made; General S#ift communi: cated to the Mayor soon after; then wo went round to ont places and took measures to get powder ; powder was got in va cory Stofes ; It Was & tedious procers; the powder that blew up No 18 was got in diffe places w twas for sale, of (he powder was brought to us in carteid goa and cannistere; it was pu online cask ; after wo pub the powder invo the lime barrel— «hich tool place on Broad sirect, on the corner of Nassau wad Wa he powder was covered over with » cloak to prevent ib from igniting "t know who car fit, l did not; it was carried from coat apot to the place whore it was intended to be applied ; tho yor was With us, aod Mr Galick aud other iicmen, tome of whom | see in court, also, Mr. Wea- wan and Mr, Oox ; the presence of Me Guliok is im preseed on my imiod from a conversation which the Mayor had with him; the Mayor said, ‘* Thisis your duty, Mr, Gulick, to let off thia powder as Chief Engineer ;” he replied, bis business was with wa ter; after we arrived at the atore, the people who followed us revired to the corner of Broad etroct, and few people were left with us; the oask was thea carted into the cellar; a pioce of calico goods was pasted into the cask; 1 fastened one end of it with my penknife on the top the ark, the other wae passed into the steeet: i wok r jw on fire before the | ~ goods | in some parts it raged with the greatest | of | was provided, and all retired but the porson who 10 wpply the match; and it wa: applied; and person walked down to the erowd where the May- or was standing with Gen Swift ; the powder caught, and flashed off without exjtosion; after wal'ing for that, I walked up ou the sidewalk oppo tite the building; 1 looked inte the cellar, aud sav | the calico burning; being satisfied it would burn, I revurved; it was very slow, and was agsin going until I was bai | st I did not go, and the explosion Was very soon ufter that; the front wall was (bi across, 1 had gone, I would probably have pence the quantity of powder had been insuf- cent, judging from tbe appeatsace ef things Where the explosion had beeo; we found the Soor and roof had fallen in, one portion was resting | against the adjacent building on che west; it was so piostrated that if hooks had been employed to pull it, euch as firomen use, it is my impression the fire would bave been arrested; that was not done, ‘he whole department was se deranged and deworalized thot there was no direction, and no head to give orders; my impression is, that the second +icx, or story, rested against the building oa the west; Lam speaking of the floors of tho building that was blown up; what portion remaiaed standing rested againet the amijacent building ; can’t eay how many stores were between that and Broad streer ; there wus undoubtedly a house, next | on the east, considerably injured, and set on ire by the explosion; the building on the west, according to my recollection, did not fall; those timbers ofthe building in which powder had been employed roated } on the Gailding on the west of it; between ike time | I took out my watch before the Mayor, and the ac- tual explosion, was probably an hour; I left the | ground about seven o’elock; was at no other expio- | sion on the same street; I heard it; there was acon siderable period between the explosions; wo waited for powder; when the ponte did arrive, we com- menced making the explosions at the diiierent points we decided on; we desided on those points in the early part of the night; I wish to oxplain— we went round in the early part, and made selections of the points for using when we returned and saw that the we had decided on had been burnod, we chose ano- ther; we did not confine ourselves to any partioular point; we did first, on particular points; can’t state that No. 43 was different from the one select- | | it as the best spot to spply the powder; the fire was burning on the windward; the wind was northwest; the fire brought tho wind from all quarte: we examined the inflammability of the building, and the property that would bo saved; when we came to Exchange place, we ex- amiued the vacuum tbat would be made by blow- ing up at that point, and we found that by 80 do- ing we could save all the property on the west of 1] street ; we applicd powder on the east of the build- ing, in Punch alley; we would not place it on tho west, for we found that by piacing it on the east wo would make a greater Vacuum; the building on Punch alley had t#o corners, it was 4 wooden build narrow; the cotton in tho opposite store was set on fire; the cotton was thrown out and the build- ing was saved. Cress-examined—Tho statue of my father, which stood in the corner of the Rotunda in the Exchange, was burned; visited several grocery stores wita Mr. Lawrence; we got powder in ex or seven stores; we were diligent in endeavoring to procure it; we mado ali the efiorts we could; I wrote anote to the oflicor of the navy yerd, advising him of tho necessity for sending the powder; we collected the powder as quickly as possible to the corner of Wall and Nassau streets; I was very urgent in getting powder to blow up the buildings; my impression waa that wo Gid not proceed as rapidly as the urgency of tho case demanded; we used all the powder we had in the first explosion; General Swift’s opinion was that we had an insufliciency; wo did not like to wait to get more; we thought it too important and we did the best we could | with what we had; from tho time we started with the powder until the match was applied, was fif- teen or twenty minutes; the person in charge used ull the despatch he could; no time was losi; there the arsenal in Elm street; the time from the match being applied to the actual explosion’ was about tive minutes: the i elnge candle was placed to the com- | bustibles outside the cellar; the perso who ignited it walked away towards the mass of the people; we were avxious for the explosion; when it delayed in exploding, 1 walked up to the cellar and saw that it was burning up to the barrel; I returned, impa- go back, but I was remonstrated with, it occupiedin all five minutes. ‘To Mr. Whitehead—No person but one applied the match; I applied the match; Goneral Swift and Iwere alore; the aes between us was who would apply the match, I had the greater quaatity of pow- der; he wag an old soldier, aud wi ot ambitious, aod he gave it toa Rourger soldier; [did not ave any one but General Swift ia charge Johan P. Marsh, examined by Mr Van Wagener—! resided in the city of New York in 1935; was book- keeper of Stone, Swan & Co ; that was the name of the firm_at that timo; I was with them some yeays; I was in the store the | the fires nearly the whole of the assisted in removing goods; we had direction from below to come down from the loft, that powder was to be applied; I don’t know who said so; was ther in the upper lofe; I saw vofire in the loft; we we: putting the goods on slings, and lowering the: through the hatchway; somo were carrying in their arms, I was not at the explosion, but I heard it; it was from three quarters to one hour from the time we got the order to come down fore tho explosion took place; there were more tacn at work in tho latter pert of the night than previously; thinks there were carts coming; thinks goods wero carried away in hand esta, and by hand, and by carts with horees. @.—How wany goods bai you re- moved in three quarters of an hour, or an hour ! Objected to. Hed been removing from the storo about one hour; it might have been mere, or lee: I was there moro than av hour myself; I coald not say whet quantity of goods were removed in that hour; there had been a large quantity romoved; I could not give an approximation To Mr Cutting—Stone, Swan & So. occupied tho whole store; was in Broadway, opposite the Bowl- ing Green, when I heard the explosion; thiaks it was our store, from its being the firat 1 heard; had not any horses and carts oureelves. To a Jaror—The windows of the store on the rear were open. Theodore Hunt, examined by Mr Van Wagener. I reside in the city of New York: I am a butider; had a partrer of the name of Seuimnan; we covatru night of ed buildings for Mr Lord; Mr. Lord bad osber ma- ons [Witness is shown ® diagram of the build ings | We built the etore in the reat of No 52; in was eonr a with the front by a pr sgeway; Mr. Henry Titus did the carpenter wo We put up thore buildings for § Lord in conve tion with Mr. Titus, in 1836, after the fire; the wh the store wes ings before the fire; 1 betore the fire; t do n ings were built. This closed the case for the plaintif’. Lieut. De Camp, reexamined by Mr. Davies—I have heard the evidence of Mr Haswell, that thare wus powder put in « house in Beaver etreet which was afterwards saved; Captata Mix bad charge that night: I proceeded to a house in Beaver street, with en, Who brough the bonse | went into was a two ar Broad sts a Lawrence was with 4 was ordered to pus powder in the eo up in 1826; ver pub up bnildiogs the snow bow the first build r tha after surveying the Fouse, I ry; | gotordere to blow up that house when the fire shon!d reach it; there were no housay adjoicing it; we waiked around it to veo if it id be saved: alter Oxptain Mix gave we the order, Mr. Saltus came to mo ard atked mo to take out powder; he said that elf and the firetagn won'd save i; this was er cighvo'clock; Captain Mix wonld not comply with thi be told the man to. appl to ‘left in charge; Ca Mi went away; Mr. Saltus was anxious to | bave owder remo I told hin my or- | ders were to blow it up waen it would be no ceseary ; it was nearly If an hour after when the old man came almost on hie kness to me and begged me to takeout the powaers to said that he had hed throe or four houses destroyed that night, and that it was the oaly one Ie I then took out the powder; the fire was buening on the east sida of it; the firemen refured to go into the hou I then took the powder and brongut it into rhe strooty the firemen then wens in; the took fire several timeson the roef, but they an din putting it out with brooma and other things; Mr. Haswell did hot come te ime and ask me for twenty minates to put out the fire, for there was no fire in it; Capt. Mix was there a fow minutes, but T was lefs in charge. This closed the evidence on bith idea Mr. Penvingon, on tho part of the plaintiff, stated to the sourt bis innbil ad with the fumming from illne 13 adjoarne ment of thy Che court anbmitted the ant’s counsel Mr Davie cir nmsiances, they could not object, bat they (defendant's counsel) were willtng Ww let the cae oto the jary without summing up on eithor sid, The court adjourned till 10 o'clock oa Monday morning. On Monday, Mr. Penntngtor part of the plaintif, followed, snd Treedey forenoon, by Mr part of the a i Mr the vame side, and Chief Justice Jocee closed the care On Wednesday, the Judge put tho onao to the jary, who, after after heing ont fur about two hours, reterned 9 verdict for the defendant. We ehall eudeavor to make room for the abls and inter- esting addresses of the counsel, in the eourse of next week mmed upon the Monday evening nghuyren, on the en A young girl named Ruth Atwater. about fourtaen year of age loft her home tn Pitteficld. Mass, om the wth tn f De hot a ' orp na to Alnany ae wder, and | ailding that | ed; when we came to No. 48, we fixed upon | it was an immense explosion; the alley was | were cannon cartridges, which I supposed came from | tient for the explosion, and_{ wished thea again to | night I | ting followed, on | Our Quebeo Corrcupondenee. Quenne, Oot. 19, 1982. General Scott on Canadian Annezation—The New York Tribune—Senator William H. Seward at « Quebec— His Speech—Awnecationism in the House of Assembly —Horace Greeley on Protection— Plain Facts im the Matter. The Now York Tribune of Thursday, the 1th instant, gives credit to General Ssott for being in favor of the aunexution of Canada to the United Btates, and endeavors to create the impression that should that measure be n. desirable one, Goneral Seott is the man by whouo it is to be carried into efieet. Now, it will be apparent so every one that thore wil! bo at least two parties to such an arrangement, in ease General Scott ever attains a position to give weight to bis opinions. And it may, perhaps, be well to give the Tribune, and others in the United States, a correct ijea of the sentiments of the people of this country towards the distinguished person who so gonerou ily assumes the championrhip of our annexstion to his country, aud their opinion of the party whieh sustains him for the Presideucy And I am induced to do this fiom the fact that we have for some time been favored with the paternal regard of General Scott, and his friends, Senator Seward, Horace Greeley, and others, as will appear in the course of this communication. 4 This country, from its proximity to the United Btates, the constant interoommunication of the citizens of each country, their commercial inter- course, similarity of sentiments, &c, necessarily | takes much interest in whetevor is done upon the other side of 45°. And were » stranger to cxamine the public journals here, and listen to the remarks of politicians, during the present Presidential can- vass in the United States, he would at once con- clude that annexation wor already effected, and that we were exercising the right of expressing our preference in the election. There are now above two millions of enlightened, educated people, in the provinces, with country larger in extent than all Europe—larger, indesd, than the present limits of the United States, as | willbe appsrent by a single glance at the map of this continent. General Scott and his friends, who | claim to mapage so important a matter as its an- | nexation to the American Union, are undertaking | ® measure of greater consequence than any of a similar character to which the United States has ever been a party. Are they able to carry out so great a project. To say nothing of their ability to ocntrol public sentiment in their own country, how do they stand in public estimation here? We must have confidence in the pilot to whom we com- mit our political fortunes. In 1837, as every ono knows, a revolution was attempted in this country. A government more odious than the despotism of Turkey, because more contemptible, drove the people to taxe up arms against it. The liberal party of that day believed | that, with one moiety of the assistance from the United States that was rendered to Texas, Canada | would be the sister republic of the United States— | her compeer in progress, wealth, and free institu- tions. The whig party of the United States eneered at their cause, ani frowned upon their | efforts. General Scott came upon tho frontier, and | made himself particularly ective in cutting of all their supplies, and driving them back at the point | of the bayonet, to expiate upon the gibbet the | crime of daring to breathe an aspiration for liberty. Their efforts were unsuccessful; but the bloed of brave men then shed has raised up legions to avenge their wrongs. The tory party here are overthrown for ever. The liberal men have se- cured, and are fast securing, all for which they contended. In 1849, after the great triamph of tho liberal party here, when radical measures were passed by Parliament, and received the assent of the Governor General, the tory party undertook a rebellion of thetrown. A bill having passed the House to compensate those whove property was plundered and destroyed by the tories in 1837, Col. Gugy. the Chevalier Bayard of the tory party, de- clared that if the bill received the assent of the Go- vernor-(Geveral every tory in the province would be absolved from his oath of allegiance, a sentiment re-echoed Ly his party throughout the province. The bil did receive the assent of the Governor- General. The smotbered fire burst forth. An at- tack was made upon the Parliament House, which was burned to the ground, with its library, public records, &c. The Governor-Generst was pursed by a furious mob, whenever he made his appearance, and his emiable lady wes followed by an infuriated crowd, breathing imprecations and threatenings. The lives of prominent radicals were threatened, and the whole country was convulsed and thrown into confusion This was in April, 1819 A secret convention was soon after held Letters were writ- ten to the United States that a large majority of the people here were in favor of annvxation The New York Tribune noticed these movements with a flourish of trumpets Gen. Scott, then a Presiden- tial aspirant, was written to, and he at once camo out with @ strong annexation letter As he had used the bayonet in 1837, to aid the tories in crush- ing the liberal party here, so did he uze hia pen and throw the weight of his great infiaenoe, in 1549, to aid aud countenance the miserable segment of that party in their deeds of violence. These facts are well remembered and trossured up by the liberal perky here. And when Hungary erects monuments vo Haynau, or the United States to George IIL, tben may the liberal party of this country be ex- pected to put thoir trust in General Scott Upon the nomination of General Scott, last spring, there | was @ resurrection in Montreal of tne miserable clique to whore Jetiere he responded in his famous manifesto of 1849 In the disastrous fire which oo- curred in the summer in that city, the property of some of bie friends and cortespondents was do- stroyed, and it was at once announced in flaning capitals that he had contributed one bundred thou- tavd dollars, and a great quantity of army stores for the relief of the sufferers Well. theso funds | were never received; but we were grevely told that some cletk in Gen. Scott's department had disso | vered the fect that public property could not be | | | | } | given without consent of Congress. The people ot this country think ovo of two things to be true: ither Gen. Seott did not know that he could not give away public property---which cannot bo sup pored withouta smile of contempt for his igno rance---or that he did know it and intended the whole ibing a6 a shaw, to get his benevolence parad- | ed through the province, a8 it was, in flaming | as the ** generous toldier’s munificent gift, &o We should probably pas these things over with out remark. were it rot for the fact that the con- siderate attentions of Gea. Ssott and his friends | ore constantly thrast upoout A few weeks since we | were favored with a lengthy visit from Senstor | William H Seward, who, for several daye, was in | close comr uvication with representatives of the tory party in the Hoove of Agaembly, and who took orca stom, tna public speerh, ata dine er given by ihe Speaker | of the House, to depdove the backward state of affvirs | here, and the avcélerated p ogress which wodd result | from an infusion of Anglo-Saxom vigor, enterprise, | & , @ rewark so ill-timed, considering the people | whom he addieseed, one half of whom were of French origin, as to establish the trath of tbe axiom: In vino veritos. The object of his mission, and the real sentiments he entertained, were apparent. Soon after this we enlightened with » dissertation upon American affairs, by one of the tory leadors in the House, (Mr Boulton, of Toronto, a fierce an- nexationist,) who took good care to pieture in fright- jul colers the total depravity of the ‘‘locofoco” pirty in the United 8 ates, whose whole priaciple, he said, | was plunder, whose leader, (Gov, Marcy) had de- | cleared that, in all political contests, ‘to the | victors belovg the spoila of the vanquished.” Then followed somo wiso remarks of tho “fathers of the conservative party” there, | some very rage reflections of Gen Soott upo tome important subjects. All these things we: new to us, and the honorable member himecif spoke as if it was his firet effortiv that way. Cer tain curious raombera who fat near have ventured | the opi & that the speech was not in the bend- writing of the honorable member, and that if tho | chirography of the Honorable Senator Seward ware known, the paternity of this able effort upon Ame- riean affairs could be more readily determined Since tho departure of Senator Seward, we havo | Leen favored with great namwhbers of documents, na- der hia frank, upon various political subjects. Ho- | race Greeley has pleo favored ua with numbers of his own productions. The writer of this article | hereby tenders his acknowledgments for the recoips of one of there documents It is entitled ‘ The Tarif Queetion— Protection and Free Trade Considered,” by Horace Greeley. The ideas are the same, only a little more plausi- bly stated, as those of tho old exploded theories of \ i the tory party in England, who religiously believed | in the “divine right” of taxing the mass of the | people for tho henefit of a favored Be rae ; but in which they have been #0 completely thrown by a sound public sentiment, and the ‘of pronation! exparianes, that Berl Derby mee thg a6 tee beet Lie nme nie @ Gow * @ quintal. | | which was formed at Montreal, evidently for no | ond unless the British government interposes some | and | ta Greeley must send us something mero than illiberal doctrines of the worst da; English toryiem, if ho wiehes to win us to the om- brace ef American whiggery. Toryism is toryism, the world over, Mr Greeley, and in no one thing is it move strongly illustrated than in taxing the mass of the people to build up the interests of a peculiar class of the people, whether that peculiar class bo lords of the land or lords of the loom. The people of this country are none the less thank- ful for these favors, and the polite attentions of General Scott’s friends are daly regarded Bat fifths of the population of this country are radicals. Their opinion of Generat Scott “iE bo learned from what has been already stated. They do not particularly desiro aonexation to the United | States, although they sdmire your institutions, and | wish them every success They only wish a more free commercial intercourse, and to leave the pro- gress of future events to detormine the course they | may take They have no faith in General Scott, | (whatever his tory correspondents mi y to him,) and as little in the whig party of the United States. They do not believe that the party whieb never added a foot of territory to the American Union are competent to add an empire, larger in extent than their own wide dominions Senator Seward learned this when bere, from the meagreness of the tory party in the House General Scott and Horace | Greeley may now learn it without the trouble of | coming bere, although we should be happy to see | them, @nd would treat them with every attention. | But their Valet ela they would find repu- diated by the radicals here, as they are by the Jiberal party the world over. As an evidence of the ublic sentiment of the liberal party of this country, enclose an extract from an editorial article of a leading radical paper, discussing the question of reciprocity of trace with the United States. I give it for the benefit of Mr. Greeley and his friends. The editor says ‘There are two parties in the United States, and on the advent of either to power depends in a moasure the fate of Canadian reciprocity The whigs, who are the Sresneante et Can old aj os gpa tA tories, eae Q h tionirts, ans inst overytl in ase pe eote sy Aig oeliog the @eecend: | ants of those who struck the successful blow for in- dependence, who are thorough free traders. Should the latter be successful at the coming contest, Canada would soon obtain reciprocity—but it the former, we question if even fair means or foul will have the effect of securing the desired boon. for tories in all ages of the world bave been a stiff necked and yawn’ faetion. As these are the opinions of four-fitths of the people here, all of whom would require to be con- verted before they would join General Scott’s party, the latter had hotter hy up the ides. of annexa- tion, to be managed, if it ever becomes necessary, by those whore principles are more liberal, and whore management of similar matters entitles them | to sufficient confidence to render their efforts suo- cessful, CaNADIENSIS. Quango, Oct. 16, 1852. Continued Vigilance of British Cruisers as to the Fishertes—Abundance of Mackerel on the Coast— | Indolence of the British Fishermen—More Railroad Troubles Brewing—Provincial Liabilities of the | Province in Aid of Railroads—Nova Scotia. There seems to be no relaxation of vigilance on | the part of the British cruisers on the fishing sta- tion, and the American vessels have been obliged to concentrate upon Prince Edward Island, where it is more difficult to prevent their fishing within the limited distance from the shore, which is described ag literally teeming with mackerel in the finest condition. - The more effectually to prevent American fisher- men from taking these fish within the prescribed distance, a plan has been resorted to by the captain of the Devastation, of stationtng beats crews along the coast; and the Governor of the Island has com- lied with his Sy Ren of having the expense of their | lodging cefrayed by the colonial government. This | is a vew feature—it is transferring the coast-guard service, established in England tor the prevention of smuggling, to the colonies, and may lead to some such establishment, of & parmanent nature, in the provinces. But, with all this effort to prevent the Americans | from fishing within three miles, ‘* by doing which,” | says the Captain of the Devastation, ‘the shore bo- | comes a vast and valuable preserve for the fishermen of the British provifices,” we hear nothiag of an: energetie operations on their part to take the {ial thus placed within their reach. The inhabitants on the eastern coast of Prince Edward Island are | the Arcadian French, and a more indolent race is scarcely to be met with An American gentleman formed an establishment there about four years | since, which he had to abandon on that account; and his wife, whom I met at Pictou on her return, | told me that it was impossible to get these people into the boats before twelve o'clock at noon, and | he entire population appeared to be so ignorant as o curing fish, that she did not think one of them knew how much salt it would take to cure mn the western coast of Nova Scotia the people are more enterprizing and industrious; but atill they | do not make the most of the advantages they pos- | segs, and men of capital will not embark their wealth | in such an enterprise; and I saw it stated ina Nova | Scotia paper, that a gentleman at Pictou, who at- tempted to get up some litle public spirit in that | place, and to form a company to engage in the fish- | ery, could not get twenty one hundred dollar shares subscribed for. A nation has a right to all the advantages to which her position entitles her, and if fish abound on ber coast, she may have the exclusive right of | catching them; but it never was intended by the | God of nature that the food which was intended for the subsistence of man should be placed beyond his reach, through the indolence and sloth of those who happen to reside on the shores to which they resort. ' The colonial power of England has not hithorto | been manifested in the developement of the resources of the splendid provinces over which her flag waves. | This is not the fault, perhaps, of the mother coun- | try. But if thoze who inhabit her colonies will not use their wealth, and direct their industry for the | promotion of objects of puolic benefit and advan- | toge, they ought not to call upon her to enforce those laws of nations in such a manner as to con- | fiet with the energy and enterprise of others. As it is with the fishery, #o is it precisely with're- ference to the superior advantages which Canada possesses in constructing a canal to connect Lake Superior with Lake Ontario, where nature bas cre- | ated every facility on the British side; while on the American it would have to bo larger, and con- | structed at greater expense; and yet tho Canadian government will neither construct the canal itself, nor permit @ private company to do ao They can do nothing in this province without a | fight, and the proposed rai/roads seem to furnish a | very fruitful theme. Mr. Jackson must, by this | time, be heartily diagusted with the whole concern, | aud I understand he is prepariog to Joave for Eng- | land. He was summoned here by telegraph from | New Branswick, by the government, in the expecta- | tion that a bill would be passed throngh the Hoase, | | incorporating a company to establish « main tra line through the province, the contrast for oon- | structing which was to be given to Mr. Jackson and | P | Uby for the Cuban paitrio’s, the capitalists in England whom he represents. But it bas been obstruvied xt every stage by a rigid enforcement of the rules: and having at length been | referred to the Committee on Railroads, a company other purpose than to obtarn » bridge from that city | to the tertwinus of the Portland and Montreal line, | are moving hraven and.carth to prevent the commit- | ice reporting fuverably on the measure. Itappears to me, however, that they are ranning wild on the subject of railrows in this province; | check, the consequences will be serious in the e: treme. There seems to be nothing tangible; it is only bonds and debentures that are to be thrown upon the English market to fetch what they can | commend. Then the contractors arejto take a certain | amount fof stook—the company is to take a certain amount, and not pay money but issue bonds at seven percent interest, and the government iato guaran- | es houds of the company for the remaining a This, with very trifling exception, is the tenor of ali the contracts thathave been enteredinto. Either there aro no monied mon in Canada, or thoy prefer shaving paper and pocketing fifteen or twenty per cent to embarking tn railroad enterprises. The con- | sequence has been, it has been left to municipal | bodies to subecribe largely for the opening of rail- roads in their districts, tie interest on which, and ultimately the principal, will have to be paid by pati By on In Nova Scotia they appear disposed to proceed more cautiously ; bat 1 ifontand, from a reliable Fe gt tae eat cay information and usily employed preparing railway t proporals, +0 be ata’ before the Teneeners 3 and it 18 expected that that province will get to work as corly as New Brunswick, which has eatered into a ; contract with Mr Jackgon, and will baiid her lines much cheaper As things stand, it appears tem | that a railway will be constructed from Hatifux to | meet a line from St John at Shodine, and that | avother will be constencted from (Quevoo to Riviere du Lonp, 120 miles. Tho road from Shediac to Mirimachi Mr. Jackson has con- tracted for, which will leave about 300 miles | from Riviere du Loup to Mirimachi, which the | Britivh government will probably undortake, or, at | ali events, will guarantee the provincial deben- t that may be issugd for the completion of that | been little of importance transacted. Yesterday evening an attempt was made to fix upon Mr. Hincks a charge of baving received a commission, while in Engiand, with reference to some money transactions, which be successfully refuted, and the charge was withdrawn J'be reavon fe rapidly drawing to # vlvie, Lf Mut Lae gone jute wheter y | ec) the Legislature during the pnat week there has | | | | that , Canada. | inet, relates to internal improvements. and the weather is execrable, which I believe ways the euse at Quebee at ‘Sstinney ranted Since writing the above, I learn from one of the members of the committee, that they have ed to the bill incorporating the Main Track line, (Mr. Jackron’s bill.) consequently there are two compa- nies for one of the sections of the same line. As the bill allnded to involves & violation of public faith, it strikes me that it will, in all probabllity, not be» approved of in Evgland Ww. Canada and the United States, On the 16th inst , be House of Assembly of Cana- da agreed to suodry resolutions, in reference to: commerci 1 poltey: to the tollowing effeet:— mperiel Act for the repeal ef the corn deprived the British provinees of protection. | to their agricultural products in the home market, while it contained no pr visions enabling Her Ma- | jesty to insist on the principle of reciprocity by foreign nations That ee the Imperial Navigation Act, authority is given Her Majesty to protect British shipping, by imposing the same duties on vessels and of any foreign pation which aro exacted from Britis: vessels by such foreign powers. That in the opinion of this House, the principle of reciprocity adopted by the navigation act ought to be extended to agricultural products of Great ri. tain and Mer Hujesty’s colonies. ‘Toat this House is apprehensive that unless Hor Majesty is enabled to aet authoritively in the matter, reciprocity will never be granted by tho Uniced States. That the prediction contained in the address of this House to Her Majesty in 1546, that this ehaage in the commercial policy of the Empire would tend to the: reduction of prices on Canadian productions be- low the United States, has been fully realized— that the Legislasive Assembly of this province have on no occasion, since tho Imperial Act of 1846, addressed the home government for any ex- elusive fuvorin the markets in Britain, neither do. they now ask for asy measures which will increase the pee of bread to the British consumer. That it is accordingly desirable that an humble address be presented to Hor Majonty, praying that abe will be pleased to recommend to the Im) Parliament to enact, that Her Majesty may, if she thinks fit, impo-o the like duties on the jon. of those foreign nations who im daties on the Bational production of Great Britain, er British North America, when imported direct from any seaport within those countries, and to il 80. much of the first clause of the 12th and 13th Vio. as revises the fifth claue of the Ste aad 9th Vic., conferring advuntages upon vessels ef the United: States, which they withhold from those of Canada. Canadian Items, An attempt is made to get up # gold excitement in Canada. The papers state that a lump ef the recious metal, woighivg fourteem and a f, and valued at over $4,000, was pioked up at the Chaudiere mines, by an inhabitant of that ce. Li The Colchist says thatthe American government, having been led to suspect that goods were smug- led from Canada through the post office, orders ave been given to search ali letters tho | frontier, in order to detect these euspeeted attempts to defraud the revenue. The chief engineer of the Northern Railread, and one of his assistants, proceeded to locate sections of the line beyoan that now completed, between Barrie and Lake Huron, and to fix tue northera terminus. The work between Toronto and Barrie is proceeding rapidly, and when the location is completed, the contractors will go on with the work energetically. It requires but twenty fuor hours to make the jour- BOynoe Montreal to Toronto. r. Hincks’ bill for srrenaing ee suffrage con- tains a property qualification, in blank, how- ever. The Queen bas given ber royal assent to the li- nor ae recently passed by the New Brunswick. scombly. Two sitenbhe have recently been made at Brant- ford to eee colores children, to make merchan- diso of them in the States A bear visited Rumley’s clearing, Pilkington, on Thursday week, and carried off a porker of some- fourteen stone. The application fora charter for » Catholic Col- | lege, in Montreal, has caused some exeitement in Parliament. A Canadian paper discourses on the ‘‘ aggressive pee of the United States,” and says that tho mericans are brave and fond of glory, and want only the master mind of a Napoleon to bring about results similar to those which marked the era of ‘eat commander. Of course, the for this lecture is the assumed desire of the Awmeri- cans to absorb Cuba. Cattle are selling at high rates in some parts of Ata fair held st Lanark recently, 1,400 head were offered, and 800 sold. Working cattle sell at from £15 to £25. Cuban Meetin, Mobile. _ A large meeting was held in Mobile, om the 12th inst.; to consider the late insult offered by tho Spanish authorities of Cuba, to the steamshij Crescent City, et which the foliowing preamble ‘and resolutions were passed:— ‘The citizens of Mobile have heard of the expulsion of the steamer Crescent City from the port of favans, by order of the Spanish authorities They find in the cir- cumutances of the case Boia of an act which must everywhere m as contrary to Ww of nations, contrary to treaty stipulations, ak to national courtesy, and asa gross and wanton It to the American fxg Recognizi 20 Lari ewan impelied by no par'y motives. lying m names, the citizens of Mobile now uuite in the em declaration that the time hes arrived whem poiitical re- Jations with Spain mest be placed upom some stable and reljable foundation. The country must have its advantages, or war for the vindication of It cannot, {rom any over generous sentiment, as to the weakness of the Spanish government. sabmit to wrong or insult from her authorities or her citizens; but must in- fiet upon holding them—‘ae it holds the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in pense friends.” Chorefore, Resolved, That m the opinien of this meeting, assem- bled without any distinetion of party, the entry of the steamer Cresoent City imto the port of Havana with her cargo, passengers and maits, was in the tn rang pursuit of pulsion of said her lawful traffic; thut the steamer, by order of the government of Cubs, was @ gross violation of law. regulating mational inter course, and an express infraction of the letter, a well as the spirit, of the 2Jd article of the treaty of “Friendrbip. Amity and Navigation,” which declares, “The two bigh contracting pariios. hoping that tbe good correspondence and friendship which happily reigns be- tween them, will be further increased by this treaty, and that it willcontribute to augment their prosperity | and Opulence will iufature give to their mutual com- merce ail the extension and favor whieh the advantages of both countries muy require ” Resolved, That. the creamstances attending upon this breach of good faith Induce the beltef that rt was a de- signed insult, answerimg for » display of power at home against the people who moet deeply sympathize with the | down trodden subjects of a cracl tyranny, Resolved, That in the ad, tment of the recent diffi- culty created by a mob in Orleans. in. which @pain was tho offended party. nothing was left undone by our government to appease her demands for reparation, Submit to the very form of apology she required at our hands. Now the insult rises far above the mere ebullition ofa mob. The act is a deliberate aud authorized one, There asc no paltiating circumstances: ceived no trivial exowe, We feet wo course of our governwent when we demand the amplest redress, Wo wiuet have, a! least, indecoity for the past, Resolved, That while we dtvoistm atl right to interfere with the government of coantries with which we are at race, We CANOE withhold the exoreseion of our sympa- In the midst of this, their floomie:t bour, we bid chem be of goodeheer, The story of at least oue revolution on this continent proclaims to all the world thay the people who will their freedom Must be free. Message of the Governor of Sorth Carolina, A large sbare of Goveruor Reid's message, which was transmitted to the Legislature on the 14th _ The Go- vernor speaks of tbe free suffrage reform in the eoa- stitution of the State as fellows: Among the eubjecta which clatm the constderation of the General Asewbly, is the question of constitutional reform At the session of 1860-51, the General Asrembly paceed, by aconstitutional majority, e Mil to smend the constitution, 60 as Wo extend te every freeman, who now has the right to vote for the Commons, the right to vote also for the Senate, The sxeouttre preclamation on this © subject was published ably to the requirements of the Legiclatare. 1 enenosily recommend that said amend- ment be by the constitutional of the pre. sent General Assembly and submitted to the voters of the State for ratification, The constitution ov it mow stands, probiblts every mam who does not own fifty acros of land Hom voting im the fenate. This provision, it is believed, disfranchires in the Senate about one half of the free white men of the Btate an@ embraces tn tts proserip. tion a Jarge class. who. in point of meric, in‘elligence, and. atriotiem, are not infesior to any portion four pop! jaticn. Tho proposition ia motto take from the ja: holders their just rights, but to elevate another meri- toriour olnss cfoat poole to equal privileges at the ballot box. It is am feature in the progress of this reform, that s great portion of the fresbelders, with © commendable disintereetedness regarded this as a «uos tion of principle, and 0’ right, and among them ware found its earliest advoontes and most zealous sapporters, A large majority of the people in every portion of the Stato, are in favor of equal suffrage and preter the legia- lative mode of effocting tt. The greater part of the ex- ense pooresary to attain eqmal suifrage hus already boon incurred ; apd Bow to Abandon the legislative mods, and to rely upon the oonvemon mode, would not oaly causo delay, but an increare of exvenditure, Tao convemtion mode is impracticable, The constitutional majority cannot be ob’ained im favor of s convention ; and, if the tate of this question is made to depend upon ealiiag » convention its dofeat may be regarded as ‘certain. ‘the legislative mode is not only oxpresely provided for in our Btate constitution, but is also r nized in the constitu. tion of the United Btates, as one of the modes for ratifying amendments, by the States, to the federal constitution. In relation to the geological and agricultural sur- veys of the State, the Governor remarks:— Proferror Emmons wae appointed under the act paseoe at the Inst session, to make @ geological and agricultural survey of the State, The work is Drogroesing, and it ie believed, will in the end be productive of highly beneficial results to the agricultural and mining interests of the State. Agricultare has beou too long neglected, but it is hoped it may receive a now impulse, that will lead to the ineressed reward of the hushbandman It is betioved ¢! an additional eppropriation. to enpply & boring anpara’ to justify the colieetion of specimens to we deposited itable 1 or pices, Would promete she ol nage: 4