The New York Herald Newspaper, September 24, 1852, Page 2

MEMOIR O GENERAL SCOTT, ynOm : Joorrrurp ynom vesreapay's raven.) Sons, Saas that he had miscalculated ‘his own impertance ‘the humility of the ad fatration, consented to take on himeelf the submis- fi i _ [Gemeral Scott to the Seeretary of War.) Horap-Quantans ov Tax Aaay, ‘annunato, May 25, 1846. to Nous later of thistdate rescivea st about 0 FM. one’ point or the other: aylor could’ ee I mat down to take a hasty plate of soup, demands | Banta Anno, and take Sem Luis, the w: the: Prompt reply, You v0 Seale owe Says days to retest sity of Mexico would. be opened to him. y aubee t me, upon my letter to you of the ist inst | “Anna could ¥ Taylor at Saliillo, it w of offered. joni diemvenees taehncoentatiee: his line on the Rio Grande in his power. | Dame Tsou bave rucceeded in imparting that fu- yw that the weakening’ of Taylor's force at peesion to the President, then by the conclusion of Saltillo murt bring dows upom that poin’ the army ‘letter, written in bis bebalf, I am placed uader very | which had been drawn together te him, and Ei chigations for his T aot add, mbioh before Wool jained im, had already threat- to bis bi t—in mot me y te oe ened him with an attack, To let Taylor remain in yg re poem : alee pete strength, to receive and dofeat his aotagonist, and pad ea digits apenas nasiconepse’ | 208 Laem to pursue his vietory, Seott saw was to give his rival, Taylor, the er to enter the eity of Mexico daw constitution of my country to offer or to |, Pay’ pow ie Sr iodignity to our Chief Magistrate ‘The strongest and put an ond to the war. Thie had been the sages ip my condemned letter are, I think, hypovhetieal. | route on which it was at first contemplated to march Im it I spoke of “impatience,” perhaps in »high | to the conques: of the cityof Mexieo The dif quarters ;”” of, “perhaps, utter condemnation in the | eulty of crossing the desert, and afterdeing worn quarters alluded: to ;") of ‘the infinite ‘tm out by the march, to defeat Santa Anna, with a sa- myself against danger (ill will or precondem- mation.) in my rear; and that “ mas 0 al ms,’ tO anv commander—“ a fire upon (his) year from a and the fire im*front from the ve, candid and steady support of (such commander's) nt. in the hope of conciliating it. Now, if there £ any offence to the President in these pas-ages=the in ‘of committing which I utterly disclaim —it mavt, im candor, be found in the meaning of the passages © high jaarters.’ and “the quarters alluded to.” which qualify the others quoted by you. It will be perévived that I spoke net of the highert quarter, but in the plural. ~ high jere,”’ and ' beg. as an sect of justice, no less to myself the Prerident, to say, J meant “impatience” anderen pre condemnation” on your part, and the known open and violent condemnation of me on the pirt of severa’ Reading frievds and supposed eonfidents of the Presiden Ia the two Houses of Congress (bigh quarters ;) besause, on @p intimation—not an order—f did not fiy to the Rip @rande, without wailing for the invading army yet to be vaired--ney, abandoning it to get to that river as it could without the least regard to the honorable pride and Gistinetion of the gallant geveral already in command on that river ; who. we know had done well, was doing well and who, I was quite sure, and his little army, would. if the oceasion offered. cover themselves with glory. My Prediction in this respect hes been fully aceomp! ened, * ‘ * * * * * ‘Whether it shell be the pleasure of the President to fend me to the Kio Urande (which I should prefer) or to setain me here, Tean only say Iam equally ready to,de my @uty in either po-ition with #l) my veal and all my abili- ty." In greut haste, I have the honor to remain. &., WINFIELD acorr. Bon. W. 1. Marcy. Seervtary of War. [The Secretary of War to Gen. Scott.) Wan Derantment, June 2, 1846. Su—When I recetved your letter of the 27th’ ultimo, it was my intention to answer it at some length, and to wete the misapprebensions under which you are still 1 Poring; but on account of my official engagements thie particular juncture, and not wishing to protraet ‘thie correspondence, which ean end in no practical good, Thavechanged my purpore. preferring to point out those mlvepprehensions in personal interview, if you should desize it. Your communications have all been laid before the President; but I have received no instructions to change @ modify the directions contained in the closing para- of my letter of the 25th ultimo. Very respeetful- your obedient servant. W.L. MARCY, Major General W. Scorr Scott tells Mr. Marcy that his letter, received just as “I gat down to a basty plate of soup, demands a yor reply.” Then ‘he denies altogether Mr. larcy’s interpretation of his letter, and says (if the President entertains it,) ‘I am placed under very high obligations to his magnanimity, may I not add kindness, in not placing me instantly in arrest, and before a court martial. I may then hope that the Bresident saw no such intended disrespect, and I @an assure you both thatI feel too great deference to the Constitution and Jaws of the country to offer or design an indignity to our Chief Magistrate.” Phe strongest passages in my condemned letter are. I think, pothetioal. Init I spoke of impatience, per- haps, in high quarters—of, perhaps, uttsr condemnation iw the quarters alluded to—of the infinite importance of seouring myself against danger, (ill-will or pre-condem- mation,) ininy rear, and of that’ ‘most perilous of all po- sitions’ to any. commander, ‘a fire in his rear freon ‘Washington, and the fire in frent from the Mexicans.’ Ani I also spoke of the necessity of the active, candid and steady support of such commander's government, in ‘the hope of eonciliating it.” After denying that in this he intended any of- fence to the President, he puts in this special plea to prove it. He says: — “It will be perceived that I spoke not of the hihest Quarter, but in the plural. hich quarters ; and I beg. as am act of justice no less to myself than to the Presiden’, wo say, I meant impatience and pre-condemnation jour part. and the known open and violent denancia- of me on the part of several Jeding friends and sup- Foonkcontdants ot the President in the two Houses of opgrest—(high quarters ;) because on an intimation— Bot an order—I did not dy to the Rio Grande without waking for the invading army, yet to be raised—nay, abandoning it to get to that river ac jt could and without the Jeast regard to the honorable pride and distinction of ‘the gallant general alveady in command on that river: whe we knew had done weil, was doing well. aad who, I wae quite sure. and his little army would. if the ocewsioa efiered, covered themselves with glory. My pred i this respect bas been fully accomplished.”* After this specia ling, this version of tack uj tary, he make al] go emooth by pouring out this w eonclusion:—‘*You speak of my interview with the President on the subject of the intended formidable invasion of Mexico. I wish I had time to do justice to my recollection of the President’s excellent sense, military comprehension, patience and courtesies in these interviews. J have since spoke of the admi- rable quali displayed on these occasions, with honor as fa: i 8 In my power to dobim honor.”’ And then he turn: to Mr. Marey:—**And to you, sir, allow me to say that I have not accused you, and that I do not mean to accuse you, @! a set purpose te discredit me as the commander at first designed for the new army that is to invade Mexico. I bear in mind witb pleasure the many personal courtesies that I have for long years received at your hands. But I have for many days believed that you have allowed yourself to be intlucneed against me by the ctiseor of tome of the friends to whom I have al- All this efter thought, putting his insinuations ‘inst the government, to the account cf ‘several ading friends and supposed confidants of the Pre- ident in both houses of Congress,” is contradicted, not only by the whole scope of the first letter, but by its words. He says, expressly, after alluding “tothe condemnation of all other persons,” that the person in commend can have “ no other reli ance (in his absence) than the active, candid and steady support of his government.” And it was aimply because he had no confidence in the support | of bis government that he refused to go to Mex until he bad sent all the troops and supplies he wanted before him to Mexico. Jt is apparent, then, it was mnation of “ leading supposed confidants ” that he eared for. It was because he would have no reliance on the ape of government, the departments, the high quarters, where the power residef’ to support him, that he felt himself at libor- ty to say—“I am too ok ; Lave too much special experienc finite importance of seeuring m i Ml-will, or pre condemnation, in my rear, b vancing upon the public enemy.” With this ex- plicit declaration to the Secretary, that he me to secure himself, and not tras: how poor is the come off, that he allude and confidants,” but did not mean to insi it was from such high quarters as hegd-quarters il- self, that he expected “the fire in his rear from Washington:” and yet with its support he feared motbing | Mr. Marcy answered this coolly as the other img it, “I adn the ge compliment; however, 1 do eve him.” General Scott has another claborate reply to this note of Mr. Maroy, in which is this begging pas- man says, out of a i still hope when the Pregident shali have roud thet explanatory letter (the ‘ hasty plate of soup’ letter) and the foregoing expositiomot facta, attentively, he may be willing to recur to his original purpose and award to my senior ranks the preference I have never ceased to enter- tain, and which I would have pressed with incessant zeal, but for the apprehensions heretofore expressed. aod which your letter has nearly, if not quite, removed. | therefore bey to claim that command whenever the Pre. oe egy J deem it proper to give me the assignment, day or at any other bette 7 Pleased to dedenaic’* *BY other better time he may be Te this, Mr. Marcy answered briefly: our communications have all been isid before the President. but Lhave received 10 instructions to change or modify the directions contained in the closing para- graph of my letter of the 25th ult General Taylor's movement on M r a onterey ren- dered General Seott distressingly restive, ash he addressed the Secretary of War in a plaintive mis- , Showing that he no longer insisted on having ‘own time or his own way, and that he had been | from hin perior army, slove restrained Taylor from pursuing that plan which, he wrote the Secretary, he only wanted adequate means to execute. This was the posure of things when Scots arrived at the Rio Grande. General Taylor had been eonsulted several timos by the Secretary of War, about the Guif expedition: at first, a if it would be committed to him; aod it was inquired, what force could be spared from that which heearried up the Rio Grande for that parpose, while ma\ntaining a proper attitude in the country conquered by him. Ina letter of Oct, 15th, 184, from Monterey, be gives this account of his strength: “Lam satistied 500 men per regiment would be a large average of effectives among the volunteers. This woald give, includiog the eavairy, a force little short of 9,000 1 or adding 4,000 regala ec strength i Leaving the ve our rear, | cou with present and expected meang at than 10,000 men.” This wes Taylor's army. aud the question was, how much of this force could be saiely taken to aet on the Gulf, (say Tampico or Vera Cruz.) giviog up the plan of moving upon the city of Mexico by San Luis. On thie point Gen. Taylor says:— In the latter care. the general line of the Sierra Nevada might very well be taken; but even then, with the enemy in fovee on my front, it might be imprudent to detach to Tampico (this was the point of embarkation for Vera Cras,) +0 large a force as 3 000 or 4,060, particularly of the description required for that operation. Again recurring to the projected expedition to Vera Cruz, on the 12th of November, while he sap- posed he was himself to command, (Scott was not appointed until the 18th of November, and Taylor did not know it until late in December,) he says:— * A force of 10,000 men cannot be spared from the occupation of the line ofthe Sierra Madre. Four thousand may be directed to that object (Vera Cruz); and ifjto these six thousand fresh troops frem the United States were added at the proper time, the expedition might be undertaken La promise of success.” Here the matter was simply and plainly laid down to the government by a general who had never failed in a promise or an undertaking. With Santa Anna looking from San Luis, with eager eye on the line of the Sierra Madre, to break it at some weak point and destroy the eommunica- | tion on the Rio Grande—the consequence being the | loss of all that had been gained—Taylor would no*, | to crown himself with laurels in the city of Mexico, | detach more than 4,000 men from that line. Bat what does Scott do on superseding Taylor? He | tuns up to Camargo, and in the absence of Taylor, | who, without being apprised of Scott’s coming, had marched to Victoria with ‘‘a desire,” (as he tells | Scott,) ‘‘to place in a position for embarkation to Vera Cruz, should the government order an expo- dition to that point, the force (2,000 regula-s and 2,000 volunteers) which I reported might be spared | for that service.” Instead of being satisfied witn | the number which Taylor thought suflicient for him- self, with the troops coming from the United States, | Scott seized the oceasion, without consulting Tay- lor, and without regarding his statement to the | Secretary of War, to strip him of almost his whole | army. Here is Scott’s requisition, made through | General Butler, who commanded at Monterey, Tuy- | lor being at Victoria, to coramunicate in that diree- tion with the Gulf: Seott cays to Butler, ( You will. therefore, without waitin General Taylor, and without the lea-t unnec: lay. in crder that they may be in time as mouvement for the mouth of the Rio Gran sderate namber of 3 000 to seoure d not be abie vo march from Saltillo ¢ head of move | Smith, and of the other Mr. Penn, of La, in the ieee inson, are now left naked to their enemies. will be 7 the | @anapolis overwhelm Taylor. Dancan foresaw and )ton0 would be i ‘was apprehended by many even at Washington. It femot possible thet tie the proba- bility of euch. result could the forecast of Scott, who had made it the study of his life, to an- ticipate what effect the movoment of one body of troops would produce in the conduct of the enemy sed to them. Scott could not shut his eyes. upon the certainty, that the reduction of Taylors force to ] than 5,000 men would bring upon him Santa Anna’s 20,000 that lay between him and the city of Mexico, to defend it from his ap- proach The nation knows how truly the re- sult answered ail military calculations. While Seott was effecting hie ‘unneceessary exchange of cone body of State. woopa for another ef volunteer? in Taylor's diminiehed army— while the latter was stripped ofa large portion of bie temporary troops, as well as regulars, avd before those exebanged for them had arrived, he was as- sailed by Santa Anna with an overwbelming force, and saved from utter destruction by bis owa obsti- bate valor and the ebivairoue courage of bie handfal of troops. If Taylor had been defeuted, ali the gio- riev of the Mexigun war would have been ia reserve for Seett. The ardor of his countrymen would have been up, and revenge and patriotism could alike bave rallied under Seott’s banner, to seek an oxpia- ation in the heart of Mexico. But Santa Anaa failed, and barely failed, at Buena Vis Scott's trategy, however, did not fail there. If Taylor bad retsined his regiments which wore idly made by Scots to paddle down the Rio Grande, while others in exchange were made to idly paddle up the Ric Grande, Jeaving Buena Vista to be main- tained by the fragment of an army, the eonse- quence of that field would have been what Beott may have apprehended—the utter overthrow of Santa Anna, and the march of Taylor by the direct route on Mexico. [v0 BE CONTINUED.] Very Correct View of Politics and Parttecs. Correspondence of the Charlestown (8. ©.) Mereury. WASHINGTON, Sept. 15. This city has felt the retiring ebb of the political waves that have been dashing go wildly for the last nine months, but it is the best central point of ob- servation from whence to survey the whole field. While the members of Congress are either eonfer- ring with their constitvente, or stumping it abroad, large lions and emall ones, the quiet observer here can watch the working of the wires, and judge of the turns the contest takes. Ofcourse the Presiden- tial canvass now swallows up everything else, but the under currents are no less deep and strong, es- pecially that of abolition. In dispite of the strenuous efforts of the papers and the stump speakers, to get up an excitement, it is very evident that this campaign hes been the cold- est for many years. The masses either do not take a warm interest in the struggle going on, or they take a very rational view of the duties of tree citi- zens. There is little ‘‘fuss,” and ‘feathers’ are at adiscount. The drum and trumpet efforts have proved flat failures, and the organs only seem to take an interest in the charges trumped up against the candidates respectively. The candidates for the Vice Presidency are scarcely mentioned at all, and those for the Presidency, though receiving t! full quota of personal abuse trom over zealous par’ ans, are little affected by it in popular estimation. It may not be amiss, however, to take a rapid suc- vey of the state of the canvass. And firstly, as to the proceedings here. The committees of tbe two parties, at the head of one of whieh is Truw sence of Dr. Gwin, are working away in the di bution of documents. The whigs are acting in this respect more effectively than their opponen apparently greater command of funds. distributing t of documents, one in’ ulation, troops—about 500 regular cavalry of let ang of dragocns. including Lt. Col. Kearney’s t: velunteer field batteries of regul Taylor's acting a General ¥ ral by brevet. rank In addition. put in movement fort kation (the Brazos), and tobe ther eer infantry. When Taylor heard of Scott’s movement, he re- turned to Monterey, and althongh little addicted to complaining, he addressed him this letter :— Hap Quvanters. Any oF Oci Camp near Montery, (Vietoria,) Jan 15.1847. | Sir —In a communication addressed this day to your Staff officer, I have replied to «o much of your letter. of | the 6th inet , and its enclosures, as relates to points of detail ; but there are other and grave topics embraced in those communications, to which I deem it my right and my duty to reply directly. The amount of foree to ho | withdrawn from this frontier. and the manner in which it 18 proposed to withdraw it, had never fully come to my knowledge until yesterday, though hinted at in your noteof November 2ith. Had you general, relieved me at | one in the whole command, and assigned me to | der your orders, or allowed me to retire from the fi assured that no complaint would nave been heard me, But whilst almost every man of my regular force, and half the volunteers (now in respectable discipline.) are withdrawn for distant service, it secins that I am ex- pected, with lees than a thourand regulars and a volun- ter force. partly of new levies. to hold _a defensive line, while a large army of more than 20.000 is in my fropi 1 epenk only of adgfensive line. for the idoa ot ‘assum. ing offensive operations in the direction of San Luis, by | March or even May. with such troops as can then be at | my dispreition, is quite too preposterous to be entertained fora moment, After all that I have written to the De- partment on the subject of euch operations, I find it dim- | cult to believe. that Tam seriously expected to uner- | take them, with the extraordinary limited means placed | et my disporal. I cannot nderstand the objest of the arrangements indicated in your letters. [feel that I | | have lost the confidence of the government | not have suffered me to remain, up to this tin | of its intentions, when so vitally atfecting inte mitted to my charge. howerer much i m | sonaily mo | upprecedented at least in our own 1} out In good faith while I remain in Me | of the government, though I may k fort. I deeply ret to find in your kh | to Major General Butler and mycelf, an allusion to my | position here, which I cannot hut eonsider as an insinua- | tion that Ihave put myself willingly out of the h of your communications t Movement of the troc nd assigned to duty point of ve, 4,000 pation | @ pursued. Iwill carry 0. the views } | } Major Gen | any, Br | But it was not merely the quantum of force t but tht ma oftaking it, wl peared in the gequel to have had the effect of | | weakening Taylor. and of exposing him with lose | than five thousand men to che attack of | Anna’s twenty thousand | from Taylor ‘kaving three 1 ould not, therefore, be exp out the campaign in tke heart of Mf | plied their place, consequently, by others that would have served, had he retained them, through- | out the war—the whole t of w Ox: pore the (whether designed or not) to Santa Anna’s blow at Buena Vista, without either. He | took from Taylor the Geor a volunteers, | the Third and Fourth Iliinoie, and the First and Second Tennessee foot regiments, and the Tennes- eee cavalry He sent to him the Massach North Carolina, Missisetppi and Lc in return. ‘The five regiments taken 8 ments regi f rom Saylor had too short a time to serve io reach the battle- field of the city of Mexico, where the war was to be | decided ; and in fact he sent them home from Puebla, andaweited the val of the other troops from the | United States, whieh be might have taken with him to make his march on the city of Mexico. ‘The con- sequence of taking the regiments named from Tay- lor, was to reduce hisforce to loss than 5,000 men, to mect Santa Avna with 20,000, byfore the troops some three months in that boy mood. On the 12th of September, b, he reminds the peers Aegad on the 27th of May last, be had ro. quested he might be sent to take the immodi- ate command of the principal army against Mexico, “‘either to-day or at any better time the President may choose to ——. And be adds, “ should the President yield og igen few hours in New for me to reach jrande by the month.” To this eager solicitation j President *“roqueste cent in exchange for them would hhim. Why did Seott take Taylor’s volunteer regimentsfrom hin at such a crisis, and under such circumstances, put! them on their march down on the Rio Grande, send- ing the Maseachusetts, Virginia, Louisiana, North Carolina and Mississippi, from his force wp the river to replace them at the vast expense of a double trans- portation of twogmall armies? Was there such a supe- ast rae ay cy ha od alied ty m compelled reject the one and take the other at wi oost 7 Lot it be remembered the regiments sent to Taylor were to serve during the war; thove taken rom him bad only threomenthe to serve, the fore e@ place of Mr r Donelvon, and who nd fioaily oat of the o reditur H i He isa sual fate of editorial effort king editor of the paper si Otb ave traded on his capi Jit which he was entitied to; mass of those 3 for years. Gen. Armstrong does not write, but retains the control and direction of the pauper, possessing an ublimited veto on the editorials prepared. He is L Raa Ritchie’s time and obtained the on for he is probably un who have been reading his ¢ the sole proprictor, and must reatize a large fortune | out of the fat job which Congress bas so liberally assigned him. ‘he present efficiency and conc of the paper you and your readers cam judge tor yourse! The opposition press is strong. Old ‘Joe Gales” steadily works his old organ, and gives an occasional flourish that tells. The Republic is really a very vigorous and skilful partizan sheet, d, following in the wake of President Fillmore, leaves no stone unturned to elect Scott. The little Telegraph pleys second fiddle briskly, and squeaks sharply too. ‘So far as orgauship is concerned, the whigs have the advantage. Added to this, the Na- tional Era, which is vigoronsly conducted, is strong- ly anti-Pierce, and gives all the aid and comfort it can to the Whig candidate. The President, after a little coyness, has given in his adhesion warmly, and is understood to be doing allhe can. Unlike Mr. Webster, he looks to the future, and having squcézed the Southern orange dry bas thrown away the rind. Henceforth he is ‘ked the Northern poli oa now understood, anc He isa pliable and will prove it Webster is bent on playing Achilles 1 noither forget nor forgive, aud will continue to stand as a stumbling block i way of the party. ‘This bas been clearly ind by 1 ns und friends, some of whom here must a 1 m to entert he almost insane hope, th Union or- ganization may pe be raised strong enough to thr ne election into the Hous ‘This isa wild call for a ¢ of Boston, Gentry xined by Stephens in Ge —but when ned h men as h ns of the Sot ave ne hopes from the de il the Seottiske is to t course on the sauve gut peut willing to be used this way those who have wounded him tothe looks very bedly, and scemsto be breaking f He probably will not linger long af om princip to fou and ompeers who have recently pace a 5 an photic radnesa seems stamped ‘upon, his ace, temper: its sullen . Itisa striking comincn the emptiness of of these intelle ary on the end of ambition, and 8 yowards, to ark the last hours uol gladiators. Calhoun, with bis g bre sadly and stern!y prophesying the failure of his great efforts to t coming evils from the land he loved. Clay, i 3 startled from the contemplation change from time to eternity | shouts ratify- ing tho. nomination of the Victorious chioftain, whose Jast triamph over him and his will; an now Webster, like a ca eagle, frotling away his few remaining hours in indignant silence, and passing down to the land of shadows with a blacker shadow on his proud soul, and a store of bitter me- mories irradiated with no hope. For well does Web- ster know that, unlike his great compeers, he has touched only the nation’s pride and its intellect-- never its heart. Few, indeed, are those who will mourn for Daniel Webster the man, while many wept for Calhoun ond Clay—though all must ae- knowledge that a mighty spirit will be eclipsed when the passing bell shall toll the requiem of that unquiet heart. These are the inside influences here. glance abroad. What do we eee? Mase *0 styled by courtesy—where the mi are vi easily num i—stump speeches— aq bling ai wrangling—but a wonderful want of and a kind of total abstinence pledge as to 1g ll ping and demoorat now do not mean what they used to, and vary widely North and South, 7a Renthon Ri gaety sd 4 ina slate either of asphyxia or death. ¢ free soil 8 vigorous vitality. It is active, oad tio @ serpent, rears high hg Mead ve dg ylang to strike or sting. Never before in was faction 80 potent, so confident, and so active. at it bides its time, holds its con eG ines its forces, and is steadily educating public wind for ite purposes. Seward makes no sign—he his approaching Tet us meetings, net Our barobarners, ematl ray of prinaiplo by’ thelr Sabeabedon to Prarce asd Dick, eeaernwe tera on ex | elestors for Indians:— potitieal a |. C, and one 4and-Pok.” 1 ‘VamBuren. (nee I hoved him, but snow I hate the traitor... t . | school site on Highty-seventh street, in the Twellth Pad rid nay a in obvious, It into prove tO 01 Ox, 168 3 “but ee ean doubt that the Vv. Be father and sén, and all their fraternity, will bolt back ‘ain into free soil whenever it is theireue. To this camplexion mae ome at last, for the whole i forthern loaf is leavened with this perilous stuff; and whatever the result of this canvess may be, be- “hind-it staiks the revived phantom, only temporarily Jaid by the measures of adjustment. Even at the preliminary mectings this subject rises, as the schism in Massashusetts proves that movement was well intended—bus the result shows the weakness of the conservative portion of the par- y there—for it is said that in spite of their seces- jon and separate sar agg they will vote the regular ticket in which the coalitionists overruled them. This is but-one straw out of many. Aud yet sensible men can. be found North and South who insist that the sgitation is over, and brand as disturbers of the public peace all who refuse to hag their delusion to their hearts. It is not over, it has but begun—and the flood that has but recently ewepiaway the hopee of the husbandman in the South is but a type of that far more fatal flood thay sweeps down slowly on the doomed people—a tide thar, bke the Prepontic, knowsnoebb The timo is rapidly approaching when those who have shared the fate ot Cassandra for proclaiming ibe peril will be vindicated, though like her doomed to suffer from the folly aud frenzy of those who wouid not listenor heed their cry. The choice of Piorce and the tri- umpb of those with whom he is identified may throw up 2 temporary bresstwork, but the flood will eome. pott’s election would precipitate it, for it would give | sgu and patronege to our fellest foes; but no people ean preserve their liberties who shrink from sacrifices and suffering, and peril, to maintein them, even before tho foe is at the threshold. But ae is digression. Return wo to the topic of the yur. The campaign commenced under great diseour- agements on the part of the whigs. It cannot be denied that they have since made some headwa; and removed rome obstacles. The party has gi ually drewn its members together, healed up some of its dissensions, and beging to present something like a united front. He is a blind guide who does not see that the contest is assuming a more serious character, and that it will net be a canter over the course as it looxed at one time. The dexterity of the managers in keeping the organ of the democracy and its speakers on the defensive has told, and the result in Vermont has put them in hi; h spirits. They now begin to brag loudly about Maine, Ohio, and even New York. They count largely, and with reasop, on the free soil element, and suppose that when Hale takes the stump he will endeavor to pry Pierce some old scores. They also claim Louisiana, and are not hopeless of Georgia and Florida, Ken- tucky and Tennessee. AWM that headwork can effect they are bent on doing. The movements of Gen. Cass are no! calculated to inspire confidence in the democratic ranks. He does not stand up to the record of Pierce and King atall. In Tammany Hallhe madea demag: exhibition the other day, stripping off coat, : vest, and neckeloth, and making a reguiar subterranean speech, which the 7ytbune contrasted with the creed of his candidate. He came out strongly for the Free Farm bill, which even Pierce’s representatives, Norris and Peaslee, voted against, and his paper, the N. H. Patriot, denounced as a gigantie rob- bery. These things tell badly against the party. ‘The whigs are more consistent in boldly advoca- ting their schemes of public plunder, such as Har- bor and River bills, Homesteads, &o., unfortunate- ly but too popular at the North. Hen¢e the unity of that party there is more perfect than that of the democratic. At the South, however. the harmony of the democracy seems to have been restored. On the whole, ig acalm survey at this moment, the chances are decidedly in favor of the triumph of the democracy; but the opposition is whipping and it may be a neck and neck race yet, the turbing element of the third party being takea into consideraticn—an element not easily to be ana }) zed, or wantonly de: d, for if strong when Van Buren used it, it is far stronger now. Two months i question, and turn prediction into Board of Education Serr. 22.—The President in the chair the last proceedings were re z The wi- nutes of proved. ad and APPROPRIATIONS. The report of the Fiaance propriating the sum of $2,181 of teachers in the Fifth ward. October, 1852, wae adopted vor of appropriating $2. ward, was adopted. Report of the same, in fav of appropriating $2,255 for payment of ‘teachers? salaries in the Sixteenth ward, due October Ist, 1852--adopted. Report in favor of approprinting $2,400 for the purchase of a piece of gronnd for a school site in the Twentieth ward—adopted NEW PRIMARY SCHOOL The report of the committee on new schools, re- commending the organization of a new primary school in the Nineteenth ward, was adopted. * MONTHLY ESTIMATES. A report authorising the City Chamberlain to place to the credit of the Board the sam of $40,749 51 for the support of common schools, Free Acade- my &e., to the Ist of October, 1852. was adopted. ‘The amount required is $55,054 16—the balance on hand is $14,304 65. BILLS PAID Sundry small bills, amounting in all to $102 37, were ordered to be paid. REFERRED. A resolution requesting the Public School Society to unite with this Board in an application to the Legislature for the passage of an’ act to empower the eociety to convey all their property to the May- or, Aldermen and Commonalty of the city of New York, was referred. City Superintendent, transmitting drafts of certiti- cates of teachers’ qualifications, was also referred. LAID ON THE TABLE The report of the Finance Commit! the application of the school officer ward for an appropriation of $2,992 to puy bills for extra work in the erection of werd schoo! house No. 80, in the Sixteenth ward, and also for o and expenses of the school since its commencement, was ordered to be laid on the table. Adjourned to the first Wednesday in October. Term. Decision by Hon. Judge Mitcheli Serr. 23—Hurd vs. Hunt.—The defendant moves to set aside the judgment and execution, and relies on @ verbal agreement that judgment should not be entered for somé days after the ‘eoment. This agreement is denied by the plaintifl who soys that the actual agrecment was tha was to wait only one day, and that he waited that time. The agreement stated by the defendant being in writing, and being denied, cannot be noti by the Court. Still, if there was a ‘mutual derstanding, the Court might atay pre justice required it, With this view, the cs pared has been examined. Tho defendant says it shows that the plaintiff was his agent to collect e Court—Spect to poy it; but the plaintiff allowed him to pny the rooney for some other person than the defendant; | and this is sworn to by Tomphus ; but MeGufro con- tradicts him, and it wae for the roferce tosay which | statement was correct. There is nothing té sustain | the defendant’s motion for a new trial; and ns the | Motion to set aside the judgment and execution must be denied, with $10 costs | Cotton Thieves, To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. The Merchants’ Police wish to call the attentic of the cotton brokers to a very important fact, viz : | that the cotton samplers in their employ pull out large quantities of clean cotton, which they throw on the ground when tho quality is not as good ag they require; and we find it utterly impossible to prevent entirely the ‘stealing of cotton, so long as this habit is continued. As a matter of when poor women and children pass along and! tee | such quantities of loore cotton scattered about the streets and wharves, they will pick it habit of picking cotton tor a hiving is pr formedy and when once formed, they wilt soon commence stealing it from the bales, and thus become confirmed cotton thieves. Of the number of thieves ar- rested by us during the last two ears, we believe one half were made such by the bors cause. We therefore most tfull: frggost to fostea bro = ‘ad ee wen rigs the where: to save their’ waste On bags, and th ‘an honest woman from becoming avo if. Yours, respectfully, i Futien & Van Hopsmn, Merchante’ Police, 67 Buuth btreet. @ur Halifax Correspondence. Hauirax, Sept. 16, 1852. Return of Places where American Vessels have been ul Case o Argus for Fish- ing Headlands—Evident Sanction of the British Defeat of the Government in @ Recent Election in Nova Seotia. I herewith forward a return of the places at whieh American fishing vessels were captured since June, 1817, taken from depositions and examins- tious in the Court of Vice Admiralty here, by which it appears that until 1840, when the “Papi neau,” “Mary,” and “Director,” were eaptured for fishing within the headlands of » two miles from the shore, they had been fishing within the prescribed distance—three marine miles :— FISHERIES O¥ BRITISH NORTH AMERICA—REGISTRY OF THE COURT OF VICE ADMIRALTY AT HALIFAX. Abstract showing pat prmetenong hinge era ve herein mentioned, were ‘agtion Sune. a eit Schrs, John, General Jaskson, Isabella, Bxchenge, Lucy. Welcome Return, Superb apd Random. ee eee were seized while at anchor ume baelf Bebe. De Defiance. Seized at the entrance of ed 5 Native Seized at Cape Negro. Jone 7 1ehy—eehre isn Sun and elfervon, "Seized Co) % trent certs ir. Oliver Cromwell, Seized whilo at spcbor under Cape Negro, about one and « half le from Jand. June 7, 1817—-Sebr. Nine Sisters. Seized at Cape Negro harbor. June 7, 1817--Sebr. Rambler, Seized going out of ‘égro harbor, so P\eir—Schr, Violet. Seized in Cape Negro harbor arbor, June 16, 1817--Schr. Fox, Inthe Basin of Annapolis, lying tounder a foresvil. June 16, 1817--Sebr. Boat Hake, lis, within half» mile of the land, ‘Jane 16, 117—Sehr. Pyndence; and June 28, 1817— Schr Sally, Seized in the Bay of Fundy, one mile distant from Trout Cove ‘July §. 1818--Schr. Raven. In Mackerel Cove, Beaver At Gut of Annapo- A communication from the | r bills | | | 1841, it may be as well to state that Sable Island, | seventy miles southeast of Holifax, | most part, a dangerous sandbank. * | Bay of Chaleur, , | the fish | the ridges certain money of MeGniro, and that McCuire came | Lis n 0 | opposition, by a mojority plaintiff “was regular in entering judgmont, tho | Islond, lying at anchor. , ; July 2, 1818—Sehr, Nabby. Off Pope's harbor. Joly 28. 1818—Sehr. Washington; and August, 1818— Sebr. Betsey. Tn Liscomb barbor. June, iszl--Sebr. Polty; May 27, 1821—Sebr. Naney; May 20,18 , Risiwg States; July 1, 182i—Sear. Golden Rule; May 27, 1821-—Schr. Milo June 9, 1821—Sebr, Caroline. At Galliver's Nolte, Bay of Fandy. June 1, 1628--Sehr, Hero. At Turner's Cove, ia the jut of Caneo, November 1, 1838—Schr. Combine While under eall at the distance of about three-quarters of a mile from the ‘western shore. Gut of Canso “ June 4, 1639--Schr, Shetland. Yankee harbor, White- a. “Mey, 1830--Schr, Java. At the northeast harbor of Tusket, for fiching off Tusket harbor. May 26, 1830—Schr. Independence. Fishing at Tusket May 25. 1830—Schr. Magnolia; and May, 1839--Schr. Hart. t Tusket Harbor. June, 1849—Schr. Battelle; June 14. 1839--Sehrs. Hyder Ally and Bliza; avd June, 1839—Schr. Mayflower, At Beaver Island, for setting nets at Strait of Canso. ‘June 2, 1840—Schrs, Papineau and Mary; and Septem ber 18, 1840—Schr. Director. At Ellenwood harbor, Tusket Island, for fishing abreast of Friar Head, within a Une drawn from Margurite Island to Cheticamp Point. October 1, 1840—Schr. Ocean. Abreast of Friar Head. or point near Margaree, in Cape Breton, within the head” land of Cheticamp. within two miles of the coast. September 11,1840—Secbr. Alms. Within ong mile dis- | tanee from the shore of Inyerness, Cape Breton. May 6, 184i—Schr. Pioneer. Between Petite Passage and Sandy Cove. ; May 20, 1841—Schr. Two Friends. One mile off Yankee harbor. county of Guysboro’. September 20. 1841--Schrs. Mars and Egret. Off Mar- garce Island, one mile from shore. October 13, 1841--Selr. Wairior. Off north side of Bable Island. October 13, 1841--Schrs. Hope and Mayflower. Within Margaree Island. Cape Breton. ‘ May 7, 1843—Schr. Washington. While at anchor in the Bay of Fundy, about five or six miles from land. August 6, 1844 (condemned November 5, 1844)—Schr. Argus.® Of Cape Ann, eight miles from shore. May 10, 1848——Schr. Hyades. In the Bay of Fundy, of Guliiver’s Hele, r Diny 11, 1849—Schr. Leonidas. At the mouth of Lis- comb barber. September 15, 1850-—Schr. Hurp. Within Margaree Island, About one anda half October 29. 1851.—Sehr. Tiber miles off the coast of Cape Breton. ® The following abstract is copied from an affidavit made by Philip 8. Dodd. Seizer, dated 19th August 1844: And the deponent swith, that be is now in charge of the schooner Sylph, employed by the government of this province for the protection of the trade of the province, und for the prevention of illicit trede. And the deponent saith, that on Tuesday, the sixth day of August instant. wh: n the deponent was proceeding round the said island in the said versel, in discharge of his duty as Seizing offeer under the eaid commission, he saw aveseel at anchor and engaged in fithing off St. Ann’s Bay—tat event mede for and hailed the veseel, and directed The master 10 Feud his boat em board which was accordingly done—that when the deponent hailed the said vessel she was lying at anchor. und actually engaged io takiug fis. there being several lines over the versel’s side, and tisn were bauled in afier he hailed—that the master of the said Verse] then cake on board of the Sylph in bis o¥n bout when the deponent ascertained that the ssid ve an A un fishing vessel, called the Argus, of jorty cr fifty tons burtben, of and beion, in the Stare of Maine. in the ond that the master's neme was William Doughty—and the depoventegith, that when the master had boarded the Sy!ph and the deponent had ascertained the character cf the verrel, the deponeut pointed out to him the head. sande of Cape North and Cow Bay. and informed bim that he was fiching on grounds prohibited by the said treaty— and the deponent saith, that the said master froely ad- mitted that the place where he was t fishing was in- side of aline drawn from the keadlands of Cape North end Cow Bay—and the deponent saith, that he informed the said master thet bis veerel and cargo were liable reizure, and that deponent accordingly seized the vestel, ber tackle, apparel, furniture, and cargo, for on | infringement of the ssid treaty—and the deponent saith, that the place where the said vessel was at anchor and fishing, when deponent seized her, was off St. Aun’s Bay, om the eastern coast of the Island of Cape Breton, about eight miles from the nearest land, but at least two miles within the headlands of Cape North and Cow Bay Sept. 7, 1852. SCOTT TREMAIN, Regr. V.A. The ease of the Argus, it will be perceived, is a very important one—not only because she was taken at a distance of eight miles from the shore, but was condemned probably after communication had been had with England upon the subject, as she was seized in August, 1844, and the final con- demnation did not take place in the Admiralty Court until November following. Mr. Webster and members of the Senate, were, therefore, incor- rect in aseerting that Great Britain had uniformly refrained from exercising the right which she claims | under her construction of the Convention of 1818~ of prohibiting American vessels from fishing within | the great bays and headlands. ‘The affidavit of the | seizing officer, which is appended to tho, return, is conclusive as to this fact. The Washington, it will he seen, was seized while at anchor in the Bay of Vundy, five or six miles from Jand; but it does not appear that she was confiscated. indeed, it would eeem, as I have suggested, that peculiar importance wa hed to the seizure of the Argus, as the only case in which condemoation is stated to have taken place by the Registrar of the Admiralty Court, alihongh a similar cours reference to others. With respect to the seizure of the Warrior, in ates of America, on the north side of which sho was fishing, is about ia, for the The mackerel which resort there are larger and fatter then in the nd are taken with h and line, ki he vessels lie chor out- in six and seven fathoms water, and e chiefly taken by boats, h go over The hook and line y is mostly vsued by the Americans in fast sailing vessela, of ixty to upwards of a hundred tons, with crews ryi m twelve to twenty-four men. We have nothing new here at present. The elec- tion which bas just taken place av Windsor, has re« sulted in the return of Mr. Wilkine, one of the of nine over the govern- P. «bok hob and s side the bar, ment candidate. From the Fishing «ts. We learn from the Gloucester graph that Mr. Addizon Merchant, of the firm of A. Merchant & Co., of that town, returned home on Saturday from Prince Edward Island, where he has beon to attend to the schooner I'lorida, which was seized and car- ried into Charlottetown. The vessel was condemned and ordered to be sold at auction. Mr. Merchant was put to a good deal of trouble in recovering his provertv. Instead of selling the +4 Proper. a F and + Yeeeel ns sho came jnto port; she Was strippeu, 2.2 woel The Abad article Was sold separately vesel was knocked off at about $1,000, and the | other articles brought $500 more. These, with the expenses attending, make the whole amount which it has cost the owners to obtain her release, about 1,700. The Telegraph says:— There have teen WYNeral arrivele from the bay since Faturdey morning, all of them with meagre fares. We learn from them that the maekerel are scarce, and most of the fish play within three miles of the hore. ‘The prospect now if that the American vessels will obtain ia fall. Po esas thee Capt. Demings, of the sebooner Leonard MeKenzle, of this when as through the Gut, bound in, hauled down his jib for he puree of waiting for9 veel which wae in fomtee ken eo « outter Yon who told Capt. D. that he should seize him, Cai said in reply that his be as he not wlat the wany} Codie tbe Mtoer attempted, to S¢ #0 he should to the last got into hie boat and went eff phe crvy of aati yenrel near by that he was Df hy ME nee berets, ved no farther trouble when Wealro learn that the leutenant who was in com. werd of the Telegraph the first of the searon, has been wl was was pursued with | ject—Subsequent Proceedings of the Canadian Legislature—The Effect om Roman Catholic En- dowments. Fig The entire of last week, with the exception of # Monday, was occupied by the House of Assembly in disouseing certain resolutions whieh had beert introduced by the government, on, which to found an address to the Queen, for the repeal of the act of the Imperial Parliament, distributing the fund aris- ing from the clergy reserves among the different religious denominations in Canada. ‘The history of these reserves is briefly this:—By an act of Parliament, passed in 1791, when the pub- lie lands in this colony belonged to the arown, one- } | seventh of all that should subsequently be surveyed, was to be reserved for the support of the Protestant’ clergy—the Roman Catholic charch of Lower Ca- nada, already possessing large endowments, ari } from private donations, or ts from the F King, which were co: at the time of the con~, quest of Canada. By a provision in the act, how-| ever, power was given to the Legislature to alter or repeal it, with the of: the Impe- rial Parliament, upon which is grounded the present ay jon. At that time, the principal portion of the inha- bitants of Upper Canada belonged to the Church ot Evgland, by which the reserves were claimed ; but as settlers arrived from Scotland, much dissa- tisfaction was expressed at this exclusive appropria- tion of a fund, set apart for religious purposes; and it became the cause of so much strife and ¢nten- tion, that the rebellion of 1827 chiefly to be at- tributed to this source. The subjees was taken up atdiflerent times by the Colonial Legislature ; but finding this body unable to agree upon any sutisface tory settlement of the question, and a bill, which was sent bome in 1829, containing @ retrospective clause, the Imperial Parliament passed et, im 1840, distributing vhe funds arising from the clergy! ie Ves among the differem’ religious denomina- ticns in Upper Canada, giving two-eighths to the Church of England—dedueting therefrom the cost of surveys, and other expenses’ that had been in- curred—one-eighth to the Church of Seotiand, and the remaining half of the gross amount to the other religious bodios, including the Roman Catho- lies of that section of the province. ‘This was considered aga final settlement of this vexatious question at the time; bus as members of the Free Church, and other dissenters from the Churches of England and Scotland eame into the country, much dissati-faction began to be expressed 5 the subject was made the watchword at the elec-' tions, and last session Mr. Price, one of the mem~ / bers of the government at that time, in his indi- vidual capacity, introduced resolutions, upon whicts, an address was founded to the Qaeen, requesting that the clergy reserves might be placed at the dis- posal of the local legislature, to be devoted to other purposes than those which were originally intended; and an address was sent home, ascompanied by a despatch from the Governor-General, ressive of his regret that the subject had again been agitated... The action of the Queen’s government ought te! have satisfied the agitators here that, at ali events, the Imperial Parliament would not be called upon to divert the clergy reserve fund from the ‘* support of divine worship aud religious instruction in the colony ;” and the despatch, received in reply, states, that, ‘* under the present distribution, Bo ground is left for reasonable jealousy or complaint of undug| favor to particular religious denominations,” buti admitting that, owing to changes that may be effected in the character of the population, through ipetigration or any other cause, the question o! distribution might, from timo to time, be considered, Notwithstanding this decision, the — provincia}) Eeamenty at the commencement of this session, rought in a geries of resolutions, coushed in rather’ strong language, which were passed on Saturday, and today an address, in aecordanee with them, was presented to the Governor-General, by whom it will be tranemitted to England. It appears to me—and I have watched the pro- cecding throughout—that it originates in a con- temptible sectarian jealousy. There is no question! of Uburch and State at issue, ag is pretended, every religions denomination being don a footit of perfect equality inthe provinse. The reserved are not wittdrawn from setulement, bay ar market in the some manner as otper pub and secular edueatio should be devoted, bi provided for gious intolorance which would reduce to whieh itis urged they) ng amply end extravagantly With our Of Others to its own standard, there resent weVement, an 1 f feeling; and I find the ads tion of the clergy revenues are eqawtly ¢ for tuspending the transmission of the muils on Sunday, the Maine Liquor law, and the abolition of slavery at -the South—in fact, in favor of every measure calculated to interfere with the affairs and social condition of others. There was no declaration contained in the resolu- tions referred to, of what was to be the destination of the reserve, in case the disposal of them shoul be transmitted to the local legislature; but the members ofthe government declared that the in- | tention was to secularize them, and thus transfer them from their original object. Having obtained that, the next step will be to attack the Roman Catholic endowments in Lower Canada, which are far more obnoxious to censure than are the clergy | | reserves of the upper province, and which give the priesthood of one denomination on undue ascendan- cy in the community. This is perceived by the members of French origin who voted for the reso- lutions, not from any desire to withdraw the fand , from a religious purpose, but in the convictieg that as it was a local object, it is one peculiarly belong- ing to the local legislature to deal with. It is not, improbable that the Queen’s ministers wilt bring tho || subject before Parliament, and that a law will bo #] Let to that effect, but at the same time provi- 4 ing that any legislation which may follow, shall be in accordance with the original intentions of thoso | who appropriated the reserves to religious pi 8. As to the propriety of religious endowments, | en- tertain my own views upon the subject. There aro numbers, however, who are in favor of the measure; | and-probably the superior moral condition of tho people of Canada, and the extent of religious in- } struction that prevaile, may be attributed in a great measure to the attention which was thus paid, at the early settloment of the country, to the spiritual ) cca of its inhabitants. ‘he cause of the resignation of Mr. Young, Com- missioner of Public Works, was the compelling the Montreal and Kingston Railroad company to surren- der its charter in tavor of Mr. Jackson, the English contractor, to which he was opposed, and with ro- ‘erence to which he differed with the other meme) bers of the government. Ww. | v trical and Musical. | Bowrny Tavares —The attractions for this ing consist of the drama of “Le Tour d’Nesle,” “Robert Macaire,” and the ‘* Woodman’s Hut,” with Eddy, Stevens, ond Miss Heron in the principal! characters. No doubt there will ee a full house. Broapway Tirarre —Mr. Forrest continues to craw full houses. The cea announced for this evening are Shakespeare's, tragedy of Othello,” with Messre, Forrest. and Conway in the loading male characters, and Madame Ponisi and Mrs. Abbott in the charactera of Desdemona and Emelia. Ninto’s Garber ~Mr. Browne, an actor of grert comic ability, aud a great favorite, appears to night as Robert Macaire, No doubt the fous will be? crowded. Tho entertainments close with a grand Vallet divertisement by the accomplished French and Spanish dancere. Berron’s TuzatRrE —The appearance of Barton, after his recont ind isposition, bas been hailed by tho || visiters of the bes 8 the warmest demon- e strations of pleasure, pieces for to-night aro | “A Cure for the Heart Ache” and ‘Ia be Jealous’? || All the star company will appoar. Narionar ToraTnn ~The amusements for thiy i | evening are of a varied character. 't’ i is the drama of * Paddy the Piper—nege tt tight rope performances, which will be follawad by M. pea postmeaux,”” and all will glowy wita Kon. neth.” Watnacr’s Lycrv™.—The boauti Q “The Will,” which has eve, rms cia lisement, and witnessed with delight by resposta- ble audiences, will again bo produced this evening, for the last time, in order to givo place to other novelties. Miss Laura Keene has fully succceded— she will appear in the character of Lydia Languish on Saturday, nd on Monday in a new masica ned call Mephistophiles, or a Messongor from, AMERICAN Musrum —Tho pieces this afternoon and evening, ue tdsoue Ones and the “ Milliner’s Holliday.” Cunisty’s OrzRA House continues to draw fall jouses. Pies 4 MNweTRELS announce a fine Vill for this ia Wuire’s V anietins are very well patronisod. Mernorouitan Haui.—Mad. Alboni’s conoest comes off this evening. The containg. many attractive . Robinson & FA 's Cineus Naiman fs exhibiting at Coneord, Another Glass,”