The New York Herald Newspaper, September 19, 1852, Page 1

ESE = THE NEW YORK HERALD. NO. 7262. PRICE TWO CENTS. WHOLE SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1852. oe SALES BY AUCTION, Cary T 1 FROM EUROPE, | bimsolf had described this very romonstranso as _ press, before the closing of the last mail, wo avo ; wines, and spirita h natdoral 4 “Ataly. MGS, JELLIES AND LIQUORS AT AUOTION—TUES oe. raneee Sn “not formally denying the original right of Peru, ” the exolting announcement that “there ara genuine | though'a reluator or hoe $ to gmoney ‘Tho trial of M. Gueraal? ox-miniator of Tusoaay, Biiay, Reptombor 21, 1852, nt half-past ton 0 but requesting a reconsideration of the decree,” ho symptoms of areal fight betwoun General Cullum | taken place in the rates of freight, there has not | still drags on at Florence. Hia alloged orimo. 57 Dey'skreet, corner 0 hy a my ARRIVAL will readily appreciate the justice of tho conclusion and W.H. Polk. of Tennessee; and also between | been so Much notivity as was manifested afew | will be remembered, was intriguing with the libo- ment of 6 " sng fie onan meh ie hewies Taser dae hryent to con- | Sy eg oct or th Addison White, of Kentuoky, petal ew Tho demand for passage is also rather | rails, at the timo of the insurrection in Fobruary, Api! dC Mantel Tuk, of his countrymen. ¢ debate in the House. Tho iminished. 18 . ale Brandy, Wit maiton Bort COLLINS STEAMSHIP PACIFIC, | The fishermen and “ sealers” of tho States had long petunia for a duel are now in arrangement.” | ‘Tho govorrment returns show the number ofemi- | _ It is reported, though not officially, that Murray, frequented without license the shores of certain ‘o envious sergeant-at-arms, no bus islands always sot down and distinguished as Peru- a rent mgr seems to be thought of, and still leas do the grants from Liverpool, during August, for America the Englishman, about whom so much has beom pnd Anstralia, was 21,907, about 8,000 over the cor- al ‘ saidlately, will bo pardoned on bis promising to batt > , FOUR DAYS LATOR. vian territory. When warned off, io exception is | friends of the portics secm likely to interfere; so tho | responding month last year, anc indcpondent of | loave the Noman States for ever day and Wednesday, at 12 oclock, Se nnnnnanhennhant taken tothe jurisdiction exercised, but coaside next mail may givo us the soul of these pleasant | passengers by privato ships. Yo America the emi- | At Romo, the initials, L WN, have been pre- periy fur sale, will pease call and have it v En d is requested for the claims of usage in this p | preliminarics, in the shape of some grievous bodily | grants were mostly Irish and German, and Scoteh | fancly interpreted into Mberta novica, liberia nulla JOUN J. GATPLE The Harvests of iglan o Jar occupation. Yet this “remonstranco” is njuries, the result of balfa dozen alternative dis- | to Australia. (norihorn liberty, no Liberty), and the Fronch eagle cited ase protest destructive of Peruvian sovereign- | ; charges of rifles or revolvers, That one dobato ty, and conveying to American citizens the right of thould have given riso to two duels, and thone of such necerrity and interest, might surprise the di- ligent readers of our own patiamenta intolli- gence ; but when the debate is perused, the wondor Gisappeers. It is ay. ly affair, and reminds ove of tho primi of chiefs, when an | emnon would offer a gratuitous insult to the | brayest of his colleagues, and an Achilles would defy his his chief, without bemg once called to order, ox- | cept by the cilent suggestions of Pallas Athen The subject matter of the dispute was fuinili ‘The Weat India mail stoamer Medway arrived on Bondey, 5th, with $1,163,726 on freight, of which $185,700 was gold and $5,926 plantina, On Saturday last, the Liverpool Chrynicle mon- tioned that a Liverpool firm were about to build an iron propeller of 10,009 tons, to navigate the Missis- sippi. Sofaras wocan learn, the paragraph was for exportation, or if the project be soriously enter- ta de it hus as yet proceeded no further thaa more talk. Dublin and Linerick papers mention an clopement that has just taken place from Kilkenny, and haa caused & good deal of scandal in that virtuous region. Tho Lothavio is Capt. May, anoflicerinthe soventy- first Highland regiment, and the fair but frail lady R W. WEsTcorr, AUCTION LER.—ON MONDAY * afternoon, two o'clock, at No, 146 Groonwich avenue, all the handsome furniture, carpets, bedding, &o., of & { AMERICAN AFFAIRS ABROAD, | entering upon’ tho islands themselves, to scize and family leaving the city, embraci very thing for the | Parlor, ehantr, and kivohon. Livery articla will be. por- &e., Ke., &e. export what they oan find. emptorily sold (tain or shine). ‘To bé removed immediately ADE. from the premises, ‘The Collins st ie Piette, Ones. Rave The Leap of the United States to the First Siz FERRY OR TOW BOAT WALLABOUT, LATE- e Collins steamship Pacific, Capt. Ezra Nye, Rank of Nations—The Conquest of Cuba, " celled tho Ben Bolt, will be sold by Anthony J. | true to her reputation, has made another short pas- {From the Londen Times, September 6. A Bleecker, at anotion, at the Morchants’ Exchange, on Mon- ~ ms It has over been the delight of historiang and phi- 4 » September 20, at 12 o'clock. 189 tons, 30 juch cylinder, | sage across the Atlentic. She left Liverpool at half losophers to trace and work out an analogy between eet stroke. Can bo sean at the foot of Montgomory street, past 2 o’clock on Wednesday afternoon, the 8th | tho peculiarities of climate and scenery, and the cha- inst., and reached her wharf at this port at halfpast | racter and disposition of nations. There is something 4o'clock yesterday afternoon, making tho passage singularly wild and extremo in the physical pheno.we- in ten days and two hours, from pier to pier. Tt is of little or no compnred to the one placed as avign over a wellknown resturaunt. Tho recent fetes of Napoleon has given riso to seyoral other parquinades, equally harmless it echi, Director of the nan Observatory, ed, at balf past three o'clock A. M., om b of August, a small comet ia tho constella- emini It ably that mentioned by Biola, althongh its position is ditferent. The Uarvests of Kngiand, [From the London Times, September 8,] The harvest is almost over— year’s whoat is finding its way into the market—and wo are begin nivg to have particular information of the crops @ abroad. So what says Mark lane, and what is tho East River, before the sale, | enough to the assembled representatives, but in the report it is treated in a brief allusive manner, naofthe Americuncontinent. The mountains literal- ly pierce the clouds, and pour down from their snow- which precludes the por bility ofour forming any $500, $5) t: hreo in tivein | ‘The news is four days Inter. capped summits rivers thatsweep theiruncontrollable | opimon about it. was throwa down | Is the Lady Ehzabeth Bryan, daughter of tho Mar- i bares. 0 Jack Rossiter; W. Poa- | consequence. course for thousands of miles, and bear with them, | by Mr. Polk. <Apro ill about lighthouses. vis ConySbam, and wifo ofa country gentleman, to | '@7guage of the agricultural journals, usually #9 ton Git D, Pier hador brake Lady” Mowoowe W, Weadeat ‘The Cunard steamship Africa, honco, arrived at * ean i ee ed ot fhe rn as gee iui pee Bean hi Shah bert tampessidi rns Berge ‘ae to b bse grit obey suns: SeaTYR eat 7 eLaughlin names b. m, Lady Brooks; . : ni is growth unknown to the ropean observer. ‘Tho | a3 it appears, inflammatory speech :—~* [i was n last seen, the fugitives were on board one of s to the harvest iise!f, the accounts are various Lady ‘Suffolk. Iiamediately after, | Liverpool on Saturday evening, the 4th inst.,tafter | scucous aro as strongly marked. A summer of | not bis pusrpole to discuss the bill beforo thom, o Liverpool wai teanisrs for America, Fe One ON) We nover remember when they were not, and oan Sain, Milo heats, bert three in Gwe under | » pacsago of ten days and aix hours. roging and almost intolerable heat is succeeded bya | bul to show, among othor things, that the BA nother muder has just taken placo in Connty | Only bow to the wisdom of Providence in #0 geno. sp. mi. Anna Bishops 8. Me Tho Great Britain steamship wasspoken on the | W0tor of little less than Arctic severity. Allthings | whig party have gono into idation an ppemiy, irdacd—s Jandlord named Callaghan | 1%/y modifying, timing, and distributing calamity not suffer, and that the there tend to represent the course of nature ag tho make up for whe de- 25th ult., in lat. 4287 N., lon. 12, going thirteen | result of a sories of violent and uncontrollable im. knots under steam und sail—the timo and locality te and to conceal those silent and unvarying ts % * aws which reguiate aliko the fall of a drop of rsia giving ten knots over all, sinoe she left Liverpool. and the course of the mighty Father of Waters. canrot pay 10 ccuts on the dollar, more Wien the whigs nominated Gen. Scott, and it was understood, for three or four days, that mon from Kentucky, Tenveseev, and Virginia had agreed to come to Seward, and tho fact that Scott was yan having been shot on his own property, at | that the whole nation sh Neweastle, asven miles from Clonmel. plenty of one province # ‘Tho Bourd of Trade returns for August have jus’ | ficiency of another, 7 umber seems this year been issued, and show the total deciared value of | the tine of distinction. South of it, the parching exports for the month of August, £6,589,168; whil ) heats of the summer, and tho unseasonable rains of cr ave the South ferry, Brook! i, and return as soon a3 the sport DIKER, Proprietor. UESDAY, SEP 1) will come’ off wt enddlos. Mr. M: He was at Ba L, Coff names wh ferry, Brooklyn, at 2 o'clock P. M ver to weigh 3W pounds, It. Woodruff . and return when tho EDIKER, Proprietor, URSE, L. I.—GREAT STALLION three mile heats, 250 Tallman namos b. h. ir. G. Spicor names b. h. Washington, JOEL CONKLIN, Proprietor. SPORTING. , HOBOKEN —BY DAVID POL- orformer of Herculean ibson, the only real and completed 8, has now walked 71 a believe, Admission, PORTING.—MICKEY TREE, THE GREAT IRISH Pedestrian, who is walking 1,000 mites in 1,000 successive the Thatched Cotta, fougtconth day, and has wal erson who proves he does not walk « NG—TO SPORTSME ptember, w Shooting Match will come off’on the at ten o'clock. Refrosh- ments will be on the ground—00 pigeons will bo on the JOUN TAYLOR. INSTRUCTION. MITH’S SYSTEM OF PENMANSHIP.—THERB stom of penmanship equal to Mr. G. and no teacher as able to impart it as the auth: bad writers take lessons ot MONDAY, THE ‘eadows—to commen t OF purchase his copy- cents, For sale at the | Fooms, 289 Broadway. TALIAN LESSONS.—TIHE ADVERTISER WISHES TO of an Italian, for two month Jefferson market preferred. living in the v be competent to instruct. TRUCTION IN SPANISH.—S. Professor bf the above language it New York, will commence two now cla eu, separately, on next Tue Letéze the course will comin mato, ‘Terms—$10 for twenty-four 12 Chambers etreot. LANGUAGE—DAY A Professor MOUT! will open, on Monday noxt, at his rooms, now day course for Ladies, 'f class for gentlemen fr Ido well to attend punctuall ADAME BARBIER, NATIVE OF PARIS—RE- op os her classes for those pupils who desire to com- of the Froneh languay made some progress. im fro! at 665 Broadway, near Metropolitan Ho- . Terms moderate. who have alren DANCING ACADEMIES. SRS. R. & FB. 1. BU! » form their frionds that their Aca 1 reopen for tuition on the Sth o! ow open at 274 Bowery, where tho: new and fashionable dances, aro req heir names, ag the listis,rapidly filling, AND WALTZING, AT 56 BOND STREET.— RING'S private academy for this polite accom- n in October, as usual. 1 bo given in futuro advertise- NTON WOULD nes to suit applicauts. For ANCING ACADEMY, 1 or from Broadway.—Esmeralda, Esmerald: arraceo, and day mevery day and ‘s) Academy for Ds on the lst of October. cereal approbation. Ci poo aes with inst ruction in all the dances most» 1a modo, and Shyough all ite variations, tho system of exercisos, for tho healthful, active, and gracefal developement of the musou- beneficial. ‘This jlo of motion in ex of young scholars ig found high means of scquirin i to a few comprehensi hly taught. To step i r to obtain a pleasing and part in cach lesson, and everything is observed that will im- part to tho pupil a dignified and noble doportment, ADAME GRAYIER: m, where private oadays and Saturdays at ~__MUSTOAL. LIUS METZ INFORMS WIS PUPIL to give lessons in ns usual, for t RATED PRIMA DONNA A‘ sing, Signora Eliza Valontini, teno horovigh bags and sscompant ‘n honso, 48) Fourth strect, near Mercer, fro! « M., tL o’otook, P ‘ul iy ber teaching, and will p a She is wonderfully euo- e of these instruments, those wishing to vos not hesitate’ to sa, sent induecments to buy y Anthony street, mp- TRAVELLERS’ GUIDE. BANY, TROY, AND LEBANON SPRINGS.—T ears of the New York snd Il Hal! etation, Now Y ni arlem Railroad leave the Chatham Four ©: ad for Albany and Troy, id, and otlier intorme- Accommodation train g with Wostern Rail- Lebwaon Springs will take Weatera Railroad .M., train to Chatham, eto Lebanon, arriving early the sare M. SLOAT, Superintendons. AND AMBOY RA niteraoon. Faro t! ILROAD FoR Pit OR PHILADELPHIA DIRECT. Expruse lines, throug Jovsey City, leavi i in four hours.— New Jorse ork ab 6 A. M., foot of dor frat claes and $2 69 for eno Return at Lond 9A. Baltimore, Wash. th tickets sold in the in Mo and above linos, and through beggeke earri OG ON RIVER RATLROAD.—TRAINS LEAVE | mnbere street station daily (Sundays o: , a8 follows Ex, ith trains roaching oh gongers taken mt or stroct, Four- udsy Mail Train, H Cenal sirect, C ni Thivty-fiece cercets 8 Onslaught on My. Webster's Guano Diplo- macy. {¥rom the London Tiaes, September 7.] A few days ago we laid beforo the public an out- line of the case between the Peruvian and American gevernments, respecting the territorfal sovereignty of the Lobos islands. ‘These islands are barren and uninhabitable rocks, emerging from the Pacific ocean, at a distance of some twenty or thirty miles from the northern shoreg of Peru. Without any capacities for agricultural production, and long con- sidered as almost worthless Property, they have re- cently acquired a value from the rich deposits of guano which they have been found to possess. As the importance of this commodity becaine manifest, the government of Peru converted its heretofore no- minal rights over the temitory into active jurisdic. tion, and stationed veasels of war off the islands to revent any shipments of guano except on terms of tsown prescribing The British government, though moved to opposition by its subjects, deferred to tho authority thus exercised, but the United States re- sisted the claim, and alleged that the Peruvians had no such title to the territory as would give thom exclusive 1ights cf poesessien. They claimed the liberty, in short, of taking the saan) without pay- ing for it, and, when a trader of New York applied to his government for information on the subject, he was apprised by (Mr. Webster that the * Do- partment of State ” was ‘not aware” of any soy- ereignty vesting in Peru, but that whereas Benja- min Morrell, jun., a citizen of the United States, had ‘discovered ”’ these islands in 1823, it was possi- ble that a certain title might pertain to the Ameri- can government itself. Since that timo, the cor- respondence which ensued between Mr. Webster and the Peruvian Minister at Washington, has been laid before Congress, and we yesterday published the letter in which, under so recent a date as tho 21st ult., the American Secretary maintains at length his own viows of the question. The caso of the Peruvian government may be promised in a very few words. — The islands in question, designated by distigetive Spanish names, lie within a couple of hours sail of the shore, in a well-frequented sea That they were not ** occupied,” in the formal sense of the term, is true, for they were unfit for habita- tion; but so notoriously had they been both “dis- covered”? and oppepariates that there is setrecly apy good map, however ancient, which does not contain them, laid down and attached to what were then the old Spanish provinces of Peru. There is, in fact, not the smallest reason for presnming that they escaped the knowledge or visits of thosa’ who ttled or conquered the shores of the main Jand; nor is it in any degree probablo that, before the uses of ume were kuown, any state or goverament would ave questioned the title or jurisdiction of Peru. It is against such evidence as tnis that Mr. Webst reduced to plead. P The original demurrer of the American Secretary rested on the double argument that Peru could show no claim at all, and that the States could produce the ‘discovery’ ot Benjamin Morroll in 1823. Un- fortunately, however, ior the latter plea, Mr. Wob- ster himeelf has now been induced to found a third argument on facts of a totally opposite character ; and whereas, in his communication to Captain Jewett, he had spoken with studied reapect of Benja- min Morrell’s claims of discovery, he is now fain to defend himself against the appeals of the Peruvian Minister, by the assertion that the citizens of the United States have boen accustomed to froquont there islands for fishing purposes, ever since the year 1793, at the very Jatest—that is to say, for thirty years, ot least, before their imputed discovery by Benjamin Morrell!’ And ‘all this,” now r is adds Mr. Webster, ‘is well known to the com- | mercial world.” Yet, nevertheless, the American Secretary, in his note to the Peruvian Envoy, docs positively venture to allude again to this “‘suppo: discovery,” wot indeed as ‘founding an oxclu right on the part of the United States” (!) but as ““@ fact fit to be considered in common with other facts and occurrences,” and the import of this me- morable ‘‘fuct’’ he thus sums up :—*‘The truth ap- peas to bethat Captain Morrell wag on a voyage of discovery, and did, in fact, discover, or was pposed to have discovered, guano on these islands.” We trust that this argument will commend itself in its full foree to the apprecia- tion of European statesmon. The ‘discovery’ of territory by an American, thirty years after it had been eonfesedly frequented by other Americans, is:till spoken ef as something ‘‘supposed,” and asa “fact” which, thongh not conclusive of the question, is “ fitto be considered” by tho side of others. Finally, what was originally advancedas the discovery of the island itself, is commuted for tbe discover Ute f upon it: #0 tuat, if gold were suddenly to be found in the Isle of Man hy a Frenchman, Louis Napoleon’s government might plead a claim to the mines. v With regard to the poritive: title of Poru Mr. Webster is equally at fault for any argumonts to invalidate the pretensions of that State. [ts terri- torial rights, in fact, were as plain, as notorious, and as well recognized as any rights could be over territory of that description. The dls were not inhabited, for they were uninhabitublo, but they were set down and described as Peruvian property whenever they were described at all. The government of Perudid not mtintain any protective Jorceon the shores in question, because they wero not imagined to contain bem bigrens worth protection: but as soen as the negotiability of guano became known, the ju- risdietion of the State was duly exerted. As it is perfeotly incontestible that thé sovereignty of Pera over this territory received all the recognition that wus claimed for it, the only true question is whether this sovereignty has been permitted to lapse. Forty yenrs ago there would not have been a doubt about the Peruvian title, which was a3 plain as that of treat Britain to Australia, or the United States to their unoccupied prairies. Now, however, Mr. Web- ster asserts that, inasmuch as the Americans have babitaally rezorted for more than half a century te these iskands for the pursuit of soals and other ani- mala, they have acquired n ‘better title,” on the score of possession, ** than could be maintained by Peru; as if long establishod oncroachment of fish- ermen on a foreign shore could confer on the State to which those fishermen belonged a right to enter on possession of the territory itself No person ean pretend to doubt that the sover- nity of these islands bas been presumed from e immemorial, in so far as any thought was aiven to such a subject, to be vested in the Peruvi- an government. ‘The first notable exercise of its jurisdiction took placo in 1833. Mr. Webster ‘speaks of this act of sovereignty as “now appoar- ing.” just os if it had not previously been under- steod: whereas, he is compelled to admit that it actually produced a correspondence botwoon the two governments of Washington and Peru. This correspondence, too, he endeavonrs to turn to his own account, though it contains a complete refuta- tion of his claims. When the government of Peru, at the period above mentioned,warned off foreign vos- sels from the Lobos Islands, the American Eavoy at Lima did certainly put in a remonstrance, but in this remonetranco, as Me Webster, himself, confess- es, 80 far from denying the original Vener of tho Peruvian government, he actually solicited a the deoree in favor of the Amori- ean fishermen, who ‘had been allowed ee fee et, of his note, Mr Wobster observes: ‘Hore, then, is a formal romonstrance on ainst tho assorted rovercignty of Peru over the Lobos Tstands, to ” modification follow their occupation for so many years.” in the very next paragray the port of tho United States which no onswer, co far a8 appowrs, was Now. if the r¢ will hot reflect that in the p ding parsage of this i | les, agan agreeable and aecessibl Wewl nole, Me, Websiwe There never probably was, since the beginning of the world, an instance of such solid, sudden, and dazzling prosperity as has been achieved within the last fifty years by the United States of America. By peaceful industry and bold but well-weighed en'erprise, they have advanced to a degree of material wellbeing which, to those who only know the world from books, must appear almost incredible. They have but to porsovero in the same course, and there is no limit to the triumpbs that lie before them. They have still a boundless territory to occupy and im- prove, in the possession of which they aro without a neighbor, and a mission of civilization and consolidation to execute as noble as ever devolved upon the sons of men. But the previous triumphs of their industry and their enterprise have been so rapid and portentous that they would soem to have a tendengy to turn aside the nation from its steady onward course, and to enlist it in more brilliant but far leas certain schemes of aggrandisement. A na- tion of hard hoaded traders and speculators, strug- gling day by day with praiseworthy perseverance and intensity for the possession of the ‘ almighty dollar.” this people, so shrewd and calculating in its private transactions, becomes, when it touches on public affairs, wild and extravagant, bow#filess in its aspirations and insatiable in its cupidity. It pos- esses & will as uncontrollable as the powers of na- ture which surround it, and spurns the control of Jaw to which these mighty agencies so humbly sub- mit themselves. There are at present two courses of policy open to the United States—the policy of commerce and tho policy of conquest. It is open to them to throw down commercial restrictions, to stimulate the spirit of traffic, ta give uj spoirationy of military glory, and found a power lke that of their mother couatry, g rather on arts than arms; or they may sub- atiiuie the military for tho commercial spirit, seek to establish within themselves a world of their own, and to enlarge a territory already too vast for unity by the forcible annexation of lands too weak to re- sist-the onsot of the mighty confederation Never had a people good or evil set so fairly before them, and never was the choico more doubtful and mo- mentous Tt is now just a year siace ed ae expedition to Cuba, reaulling in the sang! fifty Avivrican citizers and the ignomiuious death of the ‘‘unprincipled adventurer” by whom the ent was planned. We hed hoped that this severe le-vin—a single reverse amid so much pros- erity ai.d progress—would have tanght the United Brates the folly and wickedness of such unwarrant- able enlesprices, and finally decided the balance in favor of the policy of justice and moderation There is much reason to fear we are mistaken. A sort of * guild” or ** order” has been formed in the South, consisting, we suppore we must say, not of unprin- cipled adventurers, but of many of the most ** wor- thy and influential mercbante, lawyers and politi- cians of the couutry.”’ Lhe object is the extension of American influence over the Western hemisphere and the islands of the Atlantic and Pacific. Tho first booty on which they have cast their eyes is Cubs, and from that island they propose to swecp away every vestige of Spanich authority hefore two suns have risen and set on the in- vaders * Enlightened pnblic opinion in the United States,” it is said, will sanction this measure, seeing that there are meny reasons why Americans require the porsession of the island. In the first place, thcy wish to substitute for the iron rule of Spain, the vepublican syste of government; next, they anticipate assistance from the discontented Crcoles—a {Macious hope, if we may judge by the experience of Lopez. Thirdly, they ses in the ac- 1 of this island, @ guarantee fer the perma- f the institution of slavery. Fourthly, such a conquest would extend their commerce. Vifthiy, the rich and luxurious covet this gem of tho Antil- treat frem the severities of a New York winter. and long to ex- change the frozen breezes ef the North for enchant- ing visions of orenge trees and gherry cobblers, Tho svi and substance of all these reacons is that, with- out pretending a shadow of right to this possession of the crown of Spain, the Americans desire it, and therefore wil have it. Wasatever the Americans can iake belongs to them, according to this new sebool of ethies ; and eome peace or come war they will not permit the intervention of sny Huropean power between them end any friendly ally whom they are determined to plunder It is no little question that is raised by theso avowed intenticns—nothing less than whether one of the first-rate powers of the world shall declare iteelf exempt from the provisions of the law of na- tiont—shal! deny the existence of any right except that of tho stronger, and claim to set no bounds to its og ressions, except the limits assigned er its boundless cupidity and lust ot dominion. Shall there ariso in the middle of the nineteenth cen- tury, a piratieal State, bound by no laws, recog- nising no rights, and avowedly basing its policy on principles which in the of individuals ‘this very same society would visit with the penitentiary or the gibbet 7 There waa a time when, intoxicated like the United States with ite enormous pros- perity, ancient Athens laid down for itself the same of eondact, and boldly professed that while ice might regulate elaims botween equals, the suonger hed aright to impoee everything to which the weeker might be compelled to submit. After a few years the vicissitudes of events placed this arrogant State in the very position it had described, and rendered it dependent on the contemptuous clemency of a conquerer for that very existence to which, npon its own principles, it had lost all right when it Became unable te defend it. Suppose we were to apply a similar reason to the island of Ma- deire Nothing would be easier than to take it from the feeblo power to whom it belongs. It is not too well governed by the Portuguese, it is a command- ing commercial pesition, and its climate is regarded as a specific for the national disease of consumption. We have, therefore, many reasons to @esire it. Why, then, do we not make it owr own? Fer two rea- sons, Which our Amerlean friends will do well to cousider. We will not. violate the principles of edernal justices, tarnish the lustre of our arms, and disgrace our character for fairness and mederation, by wiesting his property from our ally because he is wnable to keep it. And it we wish to dothis we dare not. We dread the retribution which follows on such acts, and kave loarnt that, sooner or later, the force of public opinion will put down any power which claims to emancipate it- self fret the control of conscience and the practice of justice. We commend these considerations in no unfriendly spirit to our friends across the Atlantic, and truet that they will see, on calmer reflection, that in this eave, as in all others, their duty is identical with their interest, and that enlightened public opinion in the States, instoad of supporting ‘thy and influeatial” mon who form themselves into secret cocietics for the purposes of piracy and jects are un- at their promoters eught not to be “wor buecancering, will declare that such o| worthy, and th influential. The English View of th rs i ped ao ic Last Emeute in In the stagnation thickenin; the Atlantic, it is a comfort to ocean mail may brin; mont or otherwise of the capture of the Lobos Islands, or the “ ats ‘ba by an enterprising navigator from New not lees interesting, of the American + * from Waebington, merican se [From the London Gar but ecmethin be very walls ‘cepetobod through ry execution of | nominated showed the bargain had been made,” A single word, the proverb ells us, is enough for the wire, and itis equally certain a single word will sometimes have 2 marvellous eflcet on the unwise. An antagonist jumped up at once. Tho whole as- sembly were conscious of his presence, and felt the rising “diffieulty.” Mr. Cullum was the man. Sim- ply to mere his perfect readiness to quarrel, he ex- claimed, “I can’t hear my co league.” The report- er explains, these gentlemen occupied seats on dif- ferent sides of the hall; members generally began to ‘manifest additional interest in the proceed- ings. ‘I wish, then,” said Mr. Polk, in reply, “you would come a little nearer.” We are to con- clude that Mr. Cullum adopted this pacific eug- gestion, and, the whole assemblage now listening arvectis auribus, the two belligerents stood face to face inpleasant proximity. Mr. Cullum continued, ““T understand you to eay something about a bee trayal of the South.” Mr. Polk hercupon becaimo more explicit :—* I eay the man who now occupies a position as Senator from ‘Vennesseo was to have been nominated with Fillmore on the ticket, asd that he betrayed his interest, My colleague can answer whe- ther he was connected with thishetrayal.” Mr. Cul- lum met the challenge—“My colleague in the Senate can answer for himself. I proclaim here that I have éntered into no collusion, public or private, and I pronounce the insix uation gratuitous, unfounded, un- truthful, andutterly false.” This was enough. The whole assembly, and the two fiery spirits round whom it had gathered, went off at this werd, and henceforth there was litule else than an in- terchange of denials in the most simple, ‘ral ral, and emphatic exprossions, which we mut give as briefly as we can, and which require no com ment. Mr Polk, nothing abashed, promptly repeated his charge of betrayal, and added, “*T gay, whenmy. colleague made the assertion at the City Flall, in thi cily, that Franktin Pierce or his horse fainted, ho lied? Hereupon the chairman called to order, as it seems with mighty little purpose, for Mr Cullum rejoined, ** When my colleaguo insinuates that I have made a false representation, ho is a liar.” The ese was evidently become one for ** prelimi- naries,”’ so Mr. Polk invoked the nid of a squire. “Task come friend to come tome.” * That's what J say,” said Mr Ovllum. Some friend of order having interfered, the quarrel now took a rather more argumentative and historical line, and Mr. Polk wert intoanattack on General Scott's military ecaecr. This called up Mr. White, of Kentucky, 1 T. ‘ua on this side Hoy Or ; ae! fishery question, ef witht As snecialv telegraph to tho New York to whem Mr Polk immediately intimated that if he wanted to fight he was welcome; and, as this did not sccm to be understood, he added, ‘the excite- mnt being,” as the reporter says, “at the fever point oll over tbe ball,” ‘* Vor fear of misrepreson- tation, I teli the gentleman he isa liar.” For somo minutes aficr this the house appears to have been pretty equally divided between its wish to enjoy the sport and itsgense ofits injured dignity, halfstanding ontiptocs auc halfealliag to order. After atime, Mr Cullum sought an opportunity of explan: «il for a time really to be adopting ae ; but it did not last long, and at the first be offered, the implacable Mr. Polk ite “«Taid you are # liar, and IT eay so again.” one more fierce defiance from Mr. Cullum, and one more speech ending with “ liars,” by Mr. Poll this amiable Ciscussion at last wore itself oat, ply becavse it had come to a pass that words could do ne more, Pistols or rifles must ne he kuotly points of tho * betrayal of the South,” 's courage, and General Seott’struth. Wiilour sat Wushington give uscreditforsincerity when that the cause of representative institutions, snd coustitutional government, is rathor too low just vow to afford this unfavorable display ? Parliaments ought to have a dignity of their own. The m despotiems of Europe aave th their files, their re views . gi consecrated chiefs, their time: hononred symbo' forms Republiies, nnd even constitationn! movarchies, aye rather here of theee things. They should, therefore, have something elso mstood. ‘Their de- liberations should bo grave, decorcus, courteous and evim, representative of the people, being a ruler, a chief, and elder of t bear meekly and suitably his hig justice thereby to those be represents. reolly to couclude that Mr. Polk, beari ot the late President. fairly and oorreetly rey § his eonstitueney or the gen United States? Isit ucual in that country for any dozen men assembled anywhere to go on giving ove another for half an hour together ? From this exhibition we might conclude that it was no ench uncommon ocearrence, and that really the American tongue is so foul, the Americaa honor is so blunt, as to erdure the free bandying backwards and for- wade of thiv most dreadful chaige for a dozen times in suocession, No rifles or revolvers can wipe out the diegrece of such a sceae, ant tho stain on the hevor of these whe merely heard and sav without taking the trouble to stop it i ir uy he sake of liberty itself, for the sake of aiien, provide against the recurrenes of so great a politieel scandal ? Englan ‘ke Loudon papers have ceased to publish supple- mente for a week past, and have taken the opportu- nity of bringiug up their arrears of reviews and beok netiees, a sure sign that the fountains of news are dry. Even Mr. Webster’s letter on the Poru- vinn guane question hae provoked nothing more startling than a leader ortwo in the Tiynes. The fend between the Times, Daily News, Advertiser, end Louis Napoleon, though daily growing moro bitter, has produced as yet nothing fatal to vithor. ‘Lhe ceeurrenees most notieeable are the nectings of the British Association for the Advancomont of Beicnce, at Belfast, and the Musical Festival, at Birmingham. Large numbers of visiters have been attracted by beth. We observe Professor Fowler, of the United States, among the savans in attend- ance on the former. The Bishop (of the Episcopal Church) of Wostern New York has been in Liverpool tho past fow days. On Sunday, 5th, he preached, and on Monday at- tended the meeting of the Society for the Diffusion of tbe Gospel in Foreign Parts. “At the latter, the Bistop of New York said:—‘‘He nover could believe but that the small cloud which had arisen, threat- ening a thunder storm, would speedily pass away. Ho never did believe that John Buil and Brother Jonathan would — about acodfish. Hoe had, from the first, belioved that it wouldresult as ip had, in mero talk, and before another year was over would only be a subject of laughter.” (Cheers. Robert Owen, the socialist, has annouaced him- self a candidate for the parliamentary reprosonta- tion of Oldbars, Mr John Stuart, Queen’s Counsel, chiefly known as a violent tory and opponent of chancery aire has just been appointed Vico Chancellor of that urt. G.R_ Porter, a useful member of the Board of Trade, is dead. ‘An old gentleman, named Neild, of Ashford, Kent, has just diod, and bequeathed or ee relativer, and a million and @ half to the Queen. The militia enrolment has been going on the fow days. It is believed the regiments will be without reeu)ting to compulsory ballot. s ‘liament reporter for pgery Eprom, Jone, * Pocinted, British ousal ef Rs ctearances from the port of London for Austra- Jia tho past week show an increase. There wore five to Port Philip of an sggrogate burden of 3,422 tons; ove to Port Philp and Sydney, of a joint burden of APPT ‘ore . the Clenontra serew steamor, 1600 tore; two to Sydney ot 1.061 tone, and ove to Adsiaide of 525 tons, The cxporta of goods, sad Cork paid an official visit to Ge appointed commander in the mira] Purvis, commander-in- tion. The Admiral received themon board H. B. M. ship Ajax with a salute of twenty one guns, and hoisted the i Mitchell, U.S.C Louis Napo) itinerary of his proposed journey South jon, the authorities propose to entortain him with a representation of the siego of Toulon, where his unele Iaid one of the first steps of his fame. Nevers, St. Etienne, Moulins, Poictiors, and other cities, demonstrations on a groat seale are ex- pectcd to come off. Meanwhile, petitions for re- ctoration of the empire are flowing in others, from1118 villages i Montmedy, (Meuse,) bave just been forwarded to the Sepate Leuis Napoleon with postponed, by the adv certainly take place, the only difference in the ori- gival programine being that the proclamation of ti recolved to convoke the French Senate, to obtain the decision of the people on the question of the exepire before the end of the year. éam, had been recalled, in consequence of the rejection of the literary convention with France. funds fell rapidly in cor and arsenals, + su The Deiats co © credit of the fee of 15th Avg h tacasury bor pounses that from the 6th instant, able on treasury bonds at from four to five dato, wil at from coptains of vestels who inten which, noreover. ud boats, by tho § con Watera, Without any previous communication to the French goverbment. of the English hy treating France uo betier than they did Ame- rice in Asia Misor, to som: donbtial if the Sultan will promoted te tho rank of brigadier. r are the Marquis de los Delicias and Col O'R with Spa fox the cori¢sponding month of 1850 and 1851, tho, were respectively £0,029,563 and £6,118,203, On Friday, tho foreign consuls at tho port of Mansel, the newly strict; also to Ad- ef on the Irish sta- American flag in complimevt to Mr, ul. France, The Minister of War has given notice, that in all future agreements iade with contractors by the War Department, any working on Sundays or holy- cae will be prohibited. ‘xcparatio.s are in progress for the reception of pn at all the towns mentioned in the At Tou At 3} among pment of in the arrondis The Vienna Le s states that the marti Fe of Princess of Vasa has been ve of her physicians, but will cropire will precede instead of follow the nup- is. The Ltoyd states positively that it has boon A tel h at London from Amater- rench Minister at the Hague egraphic desp tee that the The Dutch uence arrived at Par hu Borvite has just yon his ew post steps, beating the head of Louis Na- poleon, are about i be issued. Much avtivis isobcervable in the French ports nested Louis Napoleon to permit + of the order of begging friars M. Thiers is in Paris, as smart as over. M. Aniscon ‘Duperron. ex-peer of £ denly xt Dieppe, on Saturday last. ains an official letter denying all sticn on the part of the Duke of Brunswick to cc his hereditary right des Lois cont 000: fra nee, died a decree, opening es to defray the expenses of the interes accordingly nu- Le interest pay- nouths bo at the rate of ono and 2 half per cent; ve to oleven months date, two per cont; at ne year’s date, three per cent. ‘avaignac and Carnot have refased to be put in | nomination as representatives to the Corps Legis- lati The flowing is the announcement issued by the Havre Chamber of Commerce (briefly noticed in last Corpated):— | shipowners and preditions to the that the gov- © monopoly of ‘Phe clamber thinks prope: bos islands. in Peru, to proct nd would have a covernment, national navy to that might 1 to those shores to D pa of evanc t secvded to that de- acu, through ve The Debate, int e between the United States and Mnglund, while | «8 bot think the quarrel between those two ies will be serious, ex try farmer, who: 3 tho weeds bound it to the ground. So far, then, ag 1cgards the expectations of the farmer, we may set down wheat ar tho figure it bas almost stood at for several a bad look out farmers mentations ? where tho piteous cries for halp? where the appeals for eomething to be done? where the sudden resolves to quit the country if fowe last seven years, porticulurly at thiseeason? The is applied to three wonths—that is, until the end of Noyember— before they produce their grand specific; aad the farmers themselves are the chief apologists of this deloy. What unwonted patience! quired resignation ! ored gentlemen making the country party seceded solorg from office, flared up into agitators, and subsided into mieanthropes 7 Was it merely that at the cnd of seven years they migh ‘The quotation of gold at Par mium, (according to thé new tariff.) whicl at the Mi on London at short being 25.2744, ib follows t about 0.52 per cent dearer in London than iu Paris, By advices from Lamburg, the price of gold is shout 4265 per mark, whieh, at the English mint price of £3 178. charges ¢1 Lransport, the present rate leay on the importation of gold from the United States. the exception of a temporary decilne. caused by u preasare of stock on the cent pale, the course of a notico on the dis- | Freaca fishing ¢ North Ameri- Tho Lébais wa this of courtesy asa clumsy attempt, on the part overoisent, to exhibit impartiality negotiating for the salo of his estate lish capitalists; but it is ent to this cool way of Leuaai 2 off hig bounty. The Marseilles Semephore states, from St, Louis, zal, July 10th, that a difficulty which had n there between the king of the Brackmas and F3 a trador, had caused tho commandant of the dis- trict to demand immediate sat being in the meantime suspended. ction, all trade Spain, Six colovels of “tho army of Cuba’? had been Among thom A return just published states the trade of at—Imports £9,167,915 reals; exy 101,600,143 reale. Pr 1 M. Seabra has retired from So far, the tariff reduction works well. | The disturbances in Goa, caused by the imprudent and despotic acts of the Portuguese Governor Baron «Ourem, were, at last advices, assuming a serious haraoter. Austria, Advices from Vienna confirm the statement that a new Austrian five per cont loan has been decided on. Its price is 95, and it is to be confined to tho home market; deposit, 10 per cont, and tho re- maining instalments to be spread over twelve months. Its objects are, first, to repay the government debt to the bank ; eccond, to withdraw a portion of the depreciated paper currency ; third, to meet the de- ficit in the budget of 1853 ; and fourth, to aid in the construction of railroads—for which latter thore will be little left after the throe prior necessities shall have been provided for. The Aegiinr Gazette states that the Austrian envoy at Bruszels has addressed an energetic note to the Belgian government, respecting the indignities oftered to Haynau at Brussels. her misunderstanding. Another misunder: England ; the British shi Se war Modeste having been fired =e by the : ore pattecion, wae = tempting. under stress of weather, rong! the Te tianelleg The British brig Polly, of New- castle, was fired into under similar circumstances, and her sails and rigging cut to picces. ion has been demanded. Accounts from Syria state that a band of ma- rauders had attacked and plundered the town of Hebron. ‘The late viziers Reschid Pacha, Ali Pacha, and \ their various faud Effendi, have been reinstated in posts. Germany, Letters from Berlin state that the unsold ships of le G been Wauslorced bo bivoscs. L an feet have Rethechilds for 100,000 florins. able * Africa,” | exerclred some ond whibt holders have o! | neither speculators, experters. or the trades, see sufit- clent inducement to enter the market with the same epitit that has hitherto eharaeterized ihe ministry, a com- | :Jete rupture having occurred between the Saldanha | ministry and the Septembrists. | the spot is still of slow has occurred with | Washington; August, have conspired, first, to wither tho grain, then to blight it, tlen to it sprout, go at least it is said, though sgricultural murmurs are always to be received with an allowance. North of the Humber the harvess bas been later, and the oI h we lenr—better gotin. Under ces, and whilo the farmers are, 1 too busy in the fields to brin, ir corn to harvest, nobody knows what to oi the price of whent ; and even bad news of the potato crop here, sud still more in Ireland, seoma to make little positive impression on prices. The averages are risior—the last was 4s, 7d. oe? aske tho south coum- “But who gota the averaz wheat lay fora fortnight until rs. Forty shillings a quarter seems now sfor the long run. fs that a good or Tt i3 the \ otpect now before Yet wo venture to ask, where aro the La- g were not done, that we have had for the farmers frient ve in Ponti, and so little pressure mthat they intend to wait near What nowly-a Was it for this the three hu leara to ait Like nce On u aonuIent and smile at 40s. a quarter? at Thats in fact, is what thy are now come to. Markets. < Loxpow Mowry Marker, 2uosday Evening, Sept 7— is about 1 per milte pee- of £5 ITs. 10¥d_ per ovnce for standard gold, exchange of 25 1024; and, the exchange at t guid ix B 10), por ounce for standard gold. gives an exchange of 18.64, : and, the exchange ut Homburg on Lon- dou at short being 18.7, it follows that gold is about O64 per cent dearer in London than in Hamburg. The course of exchange at New York, on London, for bi at sixty 8’ eight, is 110!, per cept, and the par of ox- "between T'pgland aud America being 100 23 40 per ws that the exchange is nominally 0.92 per ver of England; avd after ing allowance for es 3 small profit ita riket, from the intiuence of a large re- wglish faunas bave been steady throughout ay'® prices, Consols for money s. but at oue moment they toached or the 15th of October the last quotation was to \{. Bank stock closed at 220 to 3 Te- . 100%, to 74: Unrce-and aquarter per cents, 104% lovg annuitins, 6 India stook, 276 ; India bonds, cheq ucr bile (Mareh) to 71s premium, ‘The oper in foreign stocks, but pri w exceptions, showed little alteration. swell supported Peruvian 1 the tendeuey was to forther improvement, Mexican continues heavy, aad Jeo presents a slight decline, Russian, ra. and Chijan meintain high quotations. Business the forthcoming scrip of the h loan. andthe price advanced to 7'; to 44 pre Victoria Dock shares clored 4 to 4°; premium; and London Chartered Bonk shares, 2°, to *, premium. United Mexican Mining shares, owing to favorable ac- counts. bave suddenly improved. aud we afternoon, bul the; reign exchanges there was a fir amonnt of business tranencted post jone at 6 this Iu the fo- ally closed 5 to and the rates were about the same as Inst BROWN, SHIPLEY AND €O."S cmcvLAR. Lavenvoon september 7, 1862 There has been less doing in cocton since the date of lee forthe three days being 0 to exporters and specatatora, at siightly in f f buyers The corn market continues quit, y ith a moderate amount of bueiness doing at the above quotations, Co's CIRCULA’ voot, September 7, 1362. Corrox.—Since the departure’ of the “Niagara * steamer, on @aturdey last, our market for this sta ple haa been steady but quiet. The contiuned favor- accounts of the growing crops, received by the (arrived at midnight on Saturday.) haa little Influence amonget all classes; red their stocks freely, thelr opora- lions; and in the salos that have been offected buy- crs lave bad ihe turn of prices in their favor. not, how- ever, amounting toa quotation; but in the absence of a demand it is not pable come concession is estimated at — at American. 6850 w port for the sate time is about 10,000 bales, PRICES TO-DAY N a4 Middling Ord’ry, 44 9 6 Mobil 6 a do. do, 44 a8 Atlentic, do.6 a— — do. 44 a5 ‘The Manchester market f 4 yaros, presents no new features. Prices of both continue unchanged, and githough there is less doing. it is more owing to the unsettled weather, ard the dificully of getting early de= livery of either, that froch engagement are wi'hheld, Our grain market has been better attended since Pri day, but the fair weather has induced holders of wheat to relax some trifle in rates ; which, however, has not influ- enced a moro active inquiry. and the sales are limited, at ‘8 partial decline of 1d. per 70 los. Good sound flour hes been in better request, and the tarm dearer, Zis, being treely paid for Baltimore and Philadelphia : Be condary parcels were entirely neglected, Indian corn on », at somewhat lar rates; whilst for floating cargoes, of late shipments. there ta improved inquiry. ‘Tarpentine has changed hands at 8s. 6d per ewt. for 1.009 bbls Rosin—400 to 400 bbls, have found buyers at is. 4d. to %e, 6d forcommon, up to 12¢ for fino. per owt, Lard—60 tons realized 588. per ewt. ‘No alteration in other articles, and no transactions re- ported Personal Intelligence, Arrivals ot the Irving, Noad, Montreal; B. F. Gar diner, Paltinore; P. Nixon, N. C; EB, Montgomery, Va. It, MeGraneck. Tennescee; Hon. J, Holmes, Salem Harding, Macyland; ™ Simmons, Charleston; M Bievens, U, 8 Ay PB, Stockton, U. 8. A, and others At the American—R. D, Clarke, Boston; J. Combridge; Te Tenedict, Boston; li. I. aidan 8. skip Turner, Boston; J. j ell, U.S. A.; E. M. Weston, Philadelphia ; and forty. others, At the Astor—Thomas Tait, Mon(real; J. McCulloch, Dr, Ruseell, U. §. A; Rev. Wm. Williams, Indiana; Geo. W. Kendall, Bugland; A, B. Johnson, u Tra Freneh, Cincinnati; Hon. $ Malicer, Florida ; ‘ocmbs. Ky.; J. Henshaw, Washington; Bennett, 1 A A.; Vita Henry Warren, Washington; and ninety cthors Tun Gaxvixen Case —The Alexandria Gazette of the wit- , Esq, wi Reon soprand, ena fer the yer, Gardiner My removal {the examination here, and neither he nor his counsel tppear. The witnesses are all suid to be highty Intelligent. Mexicans.’ A The Governor of Wirconsin has signed the death war- romt of McDonald aud Connaughly. couvicted of morder in Milwaukee county ond has ordered the execution om ihe 15.8 of November,