The New York Herald Newspaper, July 9, 1852, Page 4

| Special Committee of the § " Wei enis | NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, @PPFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND “AA8SAU STS. FEUER ioc rer oo L ecate oe 7 be THK WEEKLY HSRALD, evcry Saber ony. us the cents the Editton, $4 per an- Smt neat Great a 4 $5 to any, the Som, fo ary part of Great Briain, ¢ an tet tude tke post nae. ees oe TOLt dant news, will be Libera ARB PARTICULARLY ALQUESTED VO 8: AF® Pac) AGEs sent us ALL LETTER 5 by mei, for Sud cripti Sisermente, to be pos! paid, or *he postage the moncy remitted NO NOTICE taken of anonymous communicati de not return these re be deducted from We despot? FOVLRTICEMENTS renewed every Volume YVI. AMUBEMENTS TI(3 EV BOV ERY THEATRE, Bu —Loua MonTss iy Bava- Baa KARA, BABLO'S, Breadeay—Davenren oF THe Recrnmnr— BDAveve er Le Norman NaTlONAL THEATRE, Chstham street—Bes, trae BoatswAin—RaTwek Bxoirep—Yanure Jack. €ABTLE GARDEN— 108—TiourT Rove. ABTOR PLACE OPERA De ainey AwiMaLs. AMERICAN MUSEU Pum AY PERNOON AND BS UBEISTY'S OPERA HOUSE, 4 Mrternersy BY CuRISTY's iv E—Lonerni's Toure or G PERYORMANCH® © Broad way—Brmorran RELS. WOCD S MINSTRELS, Wood's Mosies! Ball, 444 Broad- woy—Eriioriam Miner DOUBLE SHEET. ” Malls for Europe. TNE NeW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. Phe Am ricaw mail steninship Pacific, Capt. Nye, will leave this port et noon to-morrow, for Liverpool. The Paro mails will elose at half past 10 A.M. The New Yous Weexiy Hesatp, printed in French and English, will ve published at half past 9 o’elock The News. @er Washington correspondents have furnished waite a number of very interesting items, which 1 be found under the telegraphie head. In spenking of the Mexican claim business, one of them atime tes that the Senate’s Spec's! Committee will sherily moke a report on the ¢ t, that will be Mkely to estonish those who are uot thoroughly verted in this peculiar financial intricacy. Both Beeretarios Webster and Cors aught, have ny inteation of x-Senator Cham- hip of the Jn, whose seat was been authorized | ious decision of the Senator Malloy, of F 1 hy ex-Senator Yulee, by the wi The letter of which we publish to botween hin and the eu; Wash, ‘on correspondent, ettles the controversy intendent of the census. documents from the Trea- artment, and we apprehend that the written timony of Mr. Whittlese sive against Mr Kennedy. Tt is a am ver, to full behind hand some dollars with the department, a ng of notice, in these days of Galph seen the ofiei } caucus, last even- 57 to 14, that the con- the execution of ing, resolved, by a vote with A. Boyd Mam ional prin n forfeited by a is proper for ve to clect aprintic eabout the public ly remedied by the cet au A depart- ment of the kind, ju aged, would turn nd in a respectable financial saving to a. Our legislators b such adepirtment, out the work in proper tim menner, and would be ag the government in the b: | eventunlly estab at once ? | were yesterday presented in the mate, a-king for the prssage of ill; whereupon one of the mom- will have tc | a great number «f papers, as give s portion ia another part of this moraing’s | ment, dhould he be declared tho winning horse in | paper. The most important event in England is the Australian movement. The case of Achilli vs Newman, (the former a Catholic apostate, and the latter a Protestant apos- tate), in the Court of Queens Bench, London, ex- hibits features of a most extraordinary and astound- ing depravity. These gentlemen are well known in | London as lecturers and expesitors of the errors of each system, and drew large audiences and good proceeds, and of couree were ina state of “opposi- tion.” A report of the proveedings and the verdict, will be found in another eolumn; and, if space per- mit, we sball publish the extraordinary evidence more at large. ‘Two important decisions have beon rendered by Judge Mitchell, of the Supreme Conrt, Now York ; one in a case at the suit of Hugh White against the Utica and Schenectady railroad, in which his Honor giver an elalorate review of the whole facts argued before him, and orders that the injunction should be dissolved. This decision involves extensive in- terests both public and private, and will, therefore, be read by # large portion of the community. The other is an Insurance case, also of considerable im- portance to insurers and insured. The Board of Aldermen, last evening, acted upon stated in our official report, none of which eail for special notice, and ad- journed till Monday evening. The consideration of the disputed election in the Nineteenth ward wag deferred sine die. Tho Meyor’s nomination of Dr. Clarke, as resident physician, was rejected bya vote of eleven to one, Iu the Board of Assistuuts a re- monstrance and veto were received from the Mayor, against the aetion lately taken in the matter of the Figith Avenue railroad. The doeument will be found in our officiel report. Adjourned till this evening. The exiled socialists from France gave a banquet last evening to M. Cabet, the chief of the Icarians. A report of the proceedings, including a synopsis of M. Cabet’s specei, is given in another column. The Presidential Race—On which Ste Lies the Odds A great horse race does not excite more interest, or lead to more speenation and betting among the “‘fan- ey” and the sporting fraternity in general, than the race for ihe Presidency, involving a sweepstakes of fifty-two millions of dollars per annum—a million a weck—tor a period of four years from the first of Mareh. “The ev comes off the 2d of November next; andin proportion as the time draws near, the hopes and fears and the excitement and exertions of the fri and backers of both the candidates are increased. The betting is brisk, butihe Pierce men are required to ‘* give the odds.” It is very hard to get an “even bet.” A large amount of money, all over the Union, ed hands result of the two Baltimore con- ventions. A still larger amount will change hands sult of the great event to which these two ¢ were but preliminary runs. ¢ of the odds varies according to the tem- isposition of the politicians. Some very ne, bold Scott men are re 0 take an even rman; some, more timid and cautious, o four; others, three to two; and some are i two to one, and in mi astancea it cdds. Aveording to reliable informa- bar-room in this city is the scene of this The moment some warm admirer of Scott even ai getting t tion, ev betti or Plerce asserts the probability or certainty of his favorite idate winning. he is mot short by a man on the other side, who offers him a bet to test his sincerity ourage. If ho has faith and money, euda gambling, adventurous spirit, he closes with the offer, and puts up the stipulated amount. Tf le has not faith in his man, or has faith, but has no morey in his purse, or in bank, or never bets—in any or ail of these contingencies—he is com- pelled to ** sing small,” and his opponent onjoys a laugh of triumph or derision »t his expense. Those who never frequent bar rooms would be surprised, if they could only get a peep bebind the curtain, at the amount of money staked in these palaces by the politicians who resert to them. New York is, perhaps, the most gambling city in the world—in nothing is the propensity more decidedly developed than in betting apon a Presidential election. But, as we have the odds with the knowing ones are at present in favor of Pierce, and against Scott. Let us seo what are the reasons, and how the chance calculated by the speculators. », who have the matter under atthey had sent to the Land | it would proba: | ery doubt. pon nex her the Senate w e There irrefu y the bill shonld » law, that it is pot probable the mem. s will allow it to go through ure prior to the on. gon, and Reilly line of route. put into exe ory impor on, would be st hos- igrants r the vast western ntinent. Aiong ing land to Arkansas was fina on coming | ia the ad- cd to adjoura for want 0 on the bill refundir by her during the Indian now appears to be entire o retain their scate any length of ar: ! The Senate’s amendments to the Deficiency bill were again under consideration in the House of Representatives yesterday. An ineffectual attempt ras made to red the appropriation for the con- he S the Se texpenees 0} te, upon the plea that 6 of eatd sum was intended to defray the ry cigar, and heck bill of Kossuth, while the suest of the nation. After several other items had yoen disposed of, the amendment giving additional ‘ompensation to Collins’ steamers was taken up. on toreduce the appropriation to $19,256 or trip, was defeated, by 61 ayes to 76 nays. This ga good omen. Pending a motion to make the ompensa tion $25,000 per trip, the body adjourned. ! According to the telegraphic despatches from ayanns, the Georgia whigs are still firm in their etermina to oppose General Scott, by either } ominating a new candidate or else remaining in- ‘etive, and thus giving the State to General Pierce. he Unioniets of both parties appear anxious to »in forces and run an independent ticket of their wn, in which event both the present nominees may il to secure the vote of the State. Both political parties held State conventions in ermont yesterday, for the purpose of selecting didates to fill the State offices. For the Go- nrnorship, the whigs nominated Erastus Fair. ‘s, and the democrats John A. Robinson. “Mr. Clay’s remains reached Cincinnati yesterday, d were escorted from the railroad depot to the teamboat landing by an immense procession. The ly will reach Lexington, its final destination, to- ing tote advices from Mexico state that President rista was about to call an extra session of Con- ress. British bond-holders will be happy to hear \at two millions anda halfof the indemnity duo vem by that country, left Mexico on the 18th ult., ‘er a sharp controversy betweon the government id the French Minister. The Frenchmen undoubt- iy think that they are as much entitled to their sy as the English, anc hence the dispute. The Washington, from Bremen and Southampton, rived here yesterday morning; and the mails by ¢ Niagara, at Boston, reached this city in the af- rnoon. The leading items of the intelligence were ceived last Tuesday night by telegraph from Ha. | The sanguine Scott men place their great reliance upon the military glory of th neral, and they ure confident that this will carry him triumphantly through, like General Taylor in 1848, They do not, ideration the al- icred state of circumstances, in four years, in a coun- try where that space of time is as much as twenty- four yeors in other nations. General Taylor was nota party man. General Scoitis. General Tay- lor was democrat his tendencies and character. Scott the great man—all fuss and feathers—an aristocrat. the fied of battle, redolent with victory. General Scott’s laurels are now a little svale; and the appeal to the military principle is rather the worse for wear. Zack got mony democrats to vote for him. Scott will have comparatively few from that party. In 1848 the democratic party was divided, aud was beaten by t fection of the barnburners under Van Buren. » the whole party are united. But at th ne time there can be no doubt that the tary reputation of Scott will have its effect with a large class; and it rust be confessed, that, as o General, the democratic candidate cannot | compare with him When, however, we turn from generalship and soldiership to principles and civil goveroment, we have av important counterpoise, that makes the beam even. Itis true that the principles of the whig platform are good; but tho democrats were first ia the field, and adopied the same principles cordially, unreservedly, unanimously; and their candidate was well haown to be in harmony with those principles, and would not lie open to the sus- picion of eseuming them, wicnout sincerity, in order to carry bis election. On the other bond, the whiga did not unanimously or cordially adopt the plat- form. It wasthat kind of virtue that arises from necessity: and many Were opposed to having any platform at all, because they felt that whatever kind of one they adopted, they would lie under a disadvantage. If ‘hey adopted the principles of the Compromise, they would give offence to that portion of their party which consists of abolitionists and free soilers of every shade—if they adopted a free toil platform, or even dodged the Fugitive Slave law, the defectiom in the South would be eqaaliy great. In this choice of evils, to compromise the matter and get rid of the dilemma in the best way they could, they resolved upon taking, as the loast of two evils, a candidate that would please the North and a platform that would pleave the South. But it is easy to see that this arrangement, though loss offen- sive to either section than cither horn of the dilemma would have been to ome of them, is far from being completely sutis‘actory to any section. The South likes the platform, but does not like Scott; and on account of the understanding between him and Senator Seward, of New York, does not fully rely upon his professions, as expressed in his recent letter, cepesially when they know that there are other letters of his on record which conflict with the last one. The Germans and the Irish (and their immense vote is not to be despised,) are by no means satisfied about that native American letter which was recently brought to light in the columns of the Herarp. The Northern abolition whigs do not like the platform, and sixty-seven of the dele- gates to the Baltimore Convention voted against it. On the whole, to the eye of the nation, however, it may be glossed over by politicians and some par- ty newspapers. There is a want of thorongb harmo- ny between General it and the pli with a very considerably sevti vf ae wh | Scott; and if the anti-slavery party, who are about i office and the other in. This always makes a mighty November. Then, on the other hand, Pierce and the | democratic platform are not only in unison with | each ether and the constitution, but there isa most extraordinary unanimity in the party, both about | the platform and the candidate; and it is well knewn that whenever the democratic party have thorough- | ly united, they have won the battle. Such are some of the chances upon which the | odds are eulculated in favor of Pierce and against | to hold their convention at Pittsburg, should no- minate a eandidate and construct a platform after their own heart, the chances will be still more in- ereased against the whig and in favor of the de- mocratic candidate; for the anti-slavery clement be- ing chiefly whig, and all the isms that, ia the event | of a nomination, will gather around that nucleus | being almost exclusively whig, the whig party, ef course, will be so far losers by this organiza- tion of a third party and this running of a third candidate, as Kossuth recommends in his speech to the Germans. These chances may be modified, more or less, by future events; but there is one chance that will hold good under all circumstances, and that does not relate to the personal merits or demerits of the candidates—to their principles or platforms, or to the harmony or want of harmony of the parties, but to the relative position of the two parties—the accidental circumstance of one party being out of difference, and in the present instance it is alto- gether in favor of the democrats. The party out of office always has the advantage, for many and ob- vious reasons. The party in office are obnoxious to attack for their past administration, and they therefore always afford materials for invective. All who are dissa- tisfied—all who love change—are glad to see them turned out, and a trial given to another party. It is like bad servants—people are always changing them, though it may be from bad to Worse, and out of the frying pan into the fire. Again: Hungry, lean men fight better than fat, bloated men, whose intel- lect and whose wind are both affected by gluttony and obesity. Shakspeare, who knew human nature so well, contrasts the energy of the two classes in the tragedy of Julius Cacsar:— Let me have men about me that are fat, Sleek-headed men, and such as sleep o’nights: Yon Cassius has a lean and hungry look;— He thinks too much; such men are dangerous, Fat horses make a bad race. The democrats have been pretty well starved—the whigs have “ waxed fat, and kicked,” like Jeshurun in the Bible; and there is therefore a fair chance of their being kicked out by their enemies. Armies always fight hard for plunder. An attacking army, ceteris paribus, always fights with greater courage than the attacked. This is exemplified in ihe case of revolutionary forces. The democrats are the attacking party—the whigs are.assailed in their strongholds. Finally, the party out of power fight with more determination and more union, for this reason—that the expectants of places are one hundred times as numerous as the occupants. If the whig party sa ceed, it will make very little difference to the out- siders. Gen. Scott has declared that he will not disturb the men already in office, except for incapa- city or want of integrity; so that those whigs who are not in office have but little to expect by a vic- tery. Onthe contrary, if the democrats succeed, there will be a clean sweep; and as there are a hun- dred candidates for each office, and each has received promises, and all have high expectations, the odds will be tremendous against the present office hold- ers. No doubt those who enjoy the spoils will fight hard to retain them, and the influence of office wil] be used for that purpose; but there will be a hun- dred hungry ** dogs of war” against every one of the fat officials, and every hound of them with a keen porancous discovery of the existence of gold regions, unlimited in extent and inexhaustible in yield— first in California, and soon after in Australia—has created a new epoch in the history of mankind, and js likely to produce more magnificent results than any other event of ancient or modern times. When, some few years ago, the marvellous stories respect- ing the gold productions of California, which at first exceeded the bounds of credibility, received confirmation, and were recognized as an undoubted fact, the greatest sensation was created throughout States poured into New York, New Orleans, and the other principal ports, to take shipping for the | newly diccovered Ophir. A carrying trade thus sprung up between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, which soon grew to an astonishing magnitude. No less than a million and a half of persons have, with- ip these four or five years, emigrated to California, and the trade and commerce of this country have pros- pered more in that short space of time than they would under ordinary circumstances have done in a gene- ration. The influence of this movement was felt week rich freights of gold dust arrived at this port. The shipping interest was benefitted to an enormous impulse, and property increased proportionately in value. Emigrants having suddenly become wealthy in California, large numbers of them returned with the riches they had acquired, and by the great cir- culation of money added to the general prosperity of the community; and California itself, which at that time was a miserable, desolate region, is now a growing, wealthy territory, peopled with an active and intelligent commercial population. What California has beeu and is to the United States, Australia is destined to become to England. The arrivals of vessels in the English ports, carrying rich freights of gold dust, and the confirmation of the glowing statements of iis exhaustless mineral wealth, are producing an excitement in Great Britain as intense as that which we experienced in respect to California. An immense emigration has set in from England to Australia, and will continue to flow on uninterruptedly, till the surplus population of the British islands is transferred to her wealthy colony. We see by an extract from the London Times-- the months of July and August some thirty or forty large emigrant ships will have left Liverpool for Australia. This is independent of the emigration under government patronage, fur which eight ships are chartered monthly. Besides these, a line of steam vessels is being organized by the Cunard Com- pany, and the magnificent iron steam propellor, the Great Britain, is advertised to sail with passengers— so tremendous is the rush to Australia at present; nor is it atall likely to diminish, as the accounts from the mines are of the most glowing character. This new movement will have the same effect on | England as that of California had on this country. | Her shipping and commercial interests will, by the active trade which must spring up between the co- lony and the mother country, attain in the course of a few brief years to a position, in point of prosperity, which it could not otherwise have arrived at for centuries. An immense and profitable market will be established in Australia for her manufactures and importations. Artisans at home will receive more remunerative wages and more constant cm- ployment—pauperism will vanish, and the value of property will increase in the same ratio. But, leaving out of the question the great influ. ence for good which this new movement is destined to produce on Great Britain, it will have a most decided effect on the social and political condition of Australia itself. There can bene doubt but that in the course of a few years,with the increasing tide of emigratio , her population will have doubled it- scent and a sharp appetite. It will be thus seen that the ehances appear to be decidedly in favor of the democratic candidate at present, and that the odds given in betting is easily accounted for. Who knews, however, what may turn up in the fortune of war? “The race is not always to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, neither yet bread to the wise, nor yet riches to men of nnderstanding, nor yet favor to men of skill; but time and chance happeneth to them all.” Let us watch and wait, be patient, and “ pray without ceasing.” - GEORGE SAUNDERS ON THE Rigut TRacK.—George Old Zack was fresh from | Saunders, the conductor of that slap-dashing, cut and thrust, knock down and drag out periodical, called the Democratic Review, which has never peen heard of since the nomination of General ierce—George Saunders, who, with his Irish writing editor, Thomas Devin Reilly, undertook, some months ago, the task of exterminating the old fogies, and the election of Judge Douglas for President, with or without a nomination—this same ® ? Is he at Washington log-rolling among members of Congress for the ebony steamers or the public printing, or drinking juleps at the suburban residence of the Little Giant, or sipping champagne and Congress water at Saratoga, or rollicking in the waves at Newport or Cape May, or speculating in lands, railroads, and land warrants in the West; or has he, oh! has he, gone to California? He has been invisible for some time among the quidnuncs at the Astor House; but where is he? He is neither at Washington, Saratoga, Newport, nor Cape May, nor has he gone to California. He has abandoned Douglas, and is now cheek by jowl with General Pierce in New Hampshire. Yes, yes; at the last accounts, Saunders was in Concord, and hence, unquestionably, the non-appearance of the J&ne number of the Democratic Review, although we are now pretty well into July. Saunders is in Concord, and hence the harmony in the democratic party. The especial mission of Saunders is, no doubt, to set General Pierce right in regard to the past policy of Young America. Doubtless, General Pierce labors under the very prevalent mistake that Judge Douglas was the candidate of Young Ame- rica, including Saunders, O'Reilly, Kossuth, Kinkel, and Corry; but we are quite sure that our New Hampshire correspondent is correct in saying that George has gone to Concord to prove that General Pievee, and nobody else, was the candidate of Young America allthe time. It is further said, that Saun- ders was only humbugging Douglas; that Douglas isa small potato, and was only fit to be used by Yoong America as a man of straw, to cover their real designs of having Pierce nominated on the forty-ninth ballot. In other words, Young America saw that Marcy must be defoated, and he was de- fented—that was their first ebject. The second was to nominate Pierce; and, thanks to Saunders and Corry, that too was accomplished, just in time to prevent an explosion, and to save the party. Now we think we have the real clue to the Donel- son and Greer correspondence. George Saunders must have concocted it, as a first effective broad- side to kill off Sam Houston and the old fogies. Perhaps, too, he is the real Captain Scott who caught in the Fugitive Slave trap no less than thirteen democratic candidates for the Baltimore nomination, including Douglas; but let Pierce go Scott free. Well, we are in the midst of great and mighty developements; and doubtless, if the June number of the Democratic Review is printed, we shall be largely enlightened on the real position of Young America. The mission of Saunders to Con- cord is a good thing. He is on the right track, and still @ little ahead of the old fogies. Hurry up the June number. We can’t wait till August. Trovete av Wasninoton.—The democracy at Washington seem to be in the deepest distress about newspaper organs. Why should this afflict them so much ? Let them make liberal proposals to us, and we will organize a newspaper at Wash- ge Seunders, where do you think, reader, he | self The inexhaustible fertility of the gold mines would alone bea sufficient inducement to promote an immense emigration from England and other countries in Europe; but it is not in her golden productions merely thgt Austra Jia offers inducements to emigrants and sottlers. Her mineral wealth is not confined to the precious metal, for she also possesses rich and extensive iron and coal fields, which could be very profitably wrought, and made to promote the growth of manu- factures. Though on the whole, the soil is hot well adapted to agriculture, some portions of it are ex” tremely fertile, and produce corn and fruit in great luxuriance. There are no large forests theres as in America, to be cut down by the settler before he can sow his seed, but the lands are handsomely wooded. The climate is said to be the most salu- brious and delicious in the world, consumption being unknown there, and instances of great lon- gevity being very frequent It is well known, how- ever, that hitherto the staple production of the country has consisted of wool, in whicha great trade is carried on with Englaad, the soil being peculiarly fitted for large pasturages. A country possessing advantages and attractions such as these, in combination with its vast gold mines, will rapidly increase in population, wealth, and agricultural and commercial prosperity, so that Australia is destined soon to become a great country, and to form a new home for the Anglo-Sa:on race. It would be, however, unnatural to suppose that she will long continue as a dependent colony of England. The developement of her resources, and the growth of commercial prosperity, will create in the minds of her active and enterprising popula- tion a desire for independence; and whenever that desire shall be unmistakably manifested, England, swayed by a proper and rational spirit, should un- hesitatingly accede to the demand of her colony, and be ready to acknowledge Australia as a freo and independent nation. By this course of action, she would derive far more benefit than by main- taining Australia asa part of her dominions, even if she were ablo to do se, vietarmis. England may acquire a lesson from usin this respect. If Cali- fornia had not been a sovereign State, but a mere dependency of this country, we could never have derived one-tenth of the advantages which have followed the discovery of her gold mines. And so will it also be with Australia. Asa free and inde- pendent country, she will do moro to incroase the commercial prosperity of Great Britain, by opening to her a profitable market, than if she remained a dependency of the British empire. The gold dis. coveries in California and Australia have already wrought marvellous results; but who can estimate the benefits they are yet destined to confer on the human family ? Too Bap.—Tho Evening Post, published here in New York, speaking of the extravagance of the ad_ ministration with the public money, says :— Where this money has gone, no one can tell, or rather no one will tell t can, Mr. Crawford ran away witha big slice of it, allowed for his Gal- jessrs. Corwin and Gardiner, and Waidy shin claim ; Thompson and their cronies, have another large alice, obtained from the Treasury, uuder false pretences with forged documents. Gardiner hes been under arrest more than a year for his crime, was admitted to bail, and is now taking his ease in id. and biting his thumb at the admit jon, knowing full well that they dare not pursue him with rigor. Gardiner in England! Why, he roturned to this country six months ago. It wasbut the other day he was imprisoned in Washington, upon certain new charges of forgery. Why do not the old fogies of the Evening Post read tho Heeaup, and learn what is going on in the world ? “HorsTep BY m18 OWN PetarD.”—William H. Seward, who, for twenty years, has beon endeavor- ing to sow the seeds of dbolitionism, will now be like, as Shakespeare has it, ‘‘an enginoer hoisted by his own petard.” The abolitionists of the Northern States have set up for themselves; and Seward and his crew will not be able to control, manage or head them, in any direction. Is it not a pity that the gallant old military chieftain, Winfield Svoit, ington, which will never give them any more trouble | or thought bexeafter. should be ruined by the Mephistophiles of the whig party ? the whole country, and emigrants from all the old . through all the ramifications of socioty. Weok after | extent. Trade and manufactures received a great | which we publish elsewhere in our columns—that in | | Vifax. Tho details aro, however, interesting. We , of confidence in his administration of the govern- , ExoLanp AND AvsTRaLia.—The almost contem- Pouce Daranruant—Irs lverriciency—SrsTzu | OF APPOINTMENTS, ETC.—Much has been said, of | late, respecting the inefficiency of our Police Depart- | ment. We frankly admit that its discipline and | power cannot be compared with the London or | Paris police organizations; yet, in many cases, the | censure is somewhat misapplied. The question is | asked by many, why is not our police as effective as the European police? The reason is simply this—our mode of government is altogether differently formed, andthe system of appointment is defective. In Europe the policemen do nothing more than to obey the orders iaid down; here, they do o good deal | more. In many cases, where an order is issued, | they don’t exactly place their thumb significantly to their nose, but they do about as much of the or- der as suits them—tho balance is left to take care of itself. | In Europe, especially London and Paris, the po- | lice are entirely independent of all political in- | fluences. Here, the police are merely political ma- chines, located in each ward, supported out of the | pockets of the already over taxed community. | And for what? Why, merely to secure the election of sume political demagogue, whose favors they ex- | pect to derive shoutd his election be secured. It isin this manner that our police regulations are ruined and become a mere farce, as the very men who are | thus used in politics too often take advantage of such connection, violate their duty, and then, of | course, when complained against, expect immunity from the higher power, whom they have served on the previous election. Thus it is that our police department is inefficient. Again—the system of appointment must be al- tered before the necessary relief can bo obtained. At present, the policemen are nominated by the Aldermen and Assistant Aldermen of their re- spective wards. Such nominations are sent to the Mayor, who, without some very glaring objection exists, confirms the nomination. These appoint- ments are made exclusively on political grounds, according to the party in power—whother they be whige or democrats, it matters not—so that, in many cases, a rowdy, brawling, pot-house politician, who, possibly, the year previous, had been a terror to the peaceable citizens, would next be assigned a star and club, to protect property and put down the very rowdyism which he had planted in the ward. It will be seen by the order-loving portions of so- ciety that placing such men on the police, to arrest rowdyism, is all folly. Of course most of the disor- derlies are known friends and acquaintances of the peticemen; and hence it is to be expected that when rowdies commit depredations, a policeman arrives onthe spot, and then he beholds a bosom friend, with whom he has travelled in many a similar spree or fight prior to being madea policeman. Canit be expected that he will take as efficient a part in se- curing the arrest as he would were he independent of any such influences? @ertainly not. In many cases, too, the expiration of the term of office of the policeman may be near at hand, and he expects a re-appointment, and by doing hisduty to suppress rowdyism, may affect his intor- est in the appointing power, and thus defeat his eb- ject and throw him out ofemploymont. Moreover, itis frequently said to the policeman by disorderly per- sons, “* I dare you to arrest me—I’ll have you broke ;”” or, “I'll go to the Alderman and defeat your ro- appeintment.” All such remarks we know to be facts, which tend to prevent the honest discharge of the policeman’s duty. It is anold maxim, and a very true one, “that a man will always look to the side his bread is buttered.” And so it is with the policemen, as it is in all other pursuits of life, that self interest will always be predominant? It is hu- man nature, and cannot be disputed. Our police will never be effective unless divested of all its political influences. There must be a board orappointing power, equally divided in politics, and this board to look only to the qualifications and fit- ness of applicants for the police department, and, in addition, make the appointments during good con- duct and a faithful performance of their duty. In this way more will be done to perfect the efficacy of the police than has ever been done before. It must come to this, sooner or later, before the police of this ity can be made what the people require; and the sooner it is taken into consideration and put into operation the better it will satisfy the tax payers, who at present are called upon to pay an enormous sum annually for a system of police which in itself is ineffective, and, in many instances, corrupt. The Mayor has, within a short time past, issued an order to place on duty the same day force of police- men in eaéh ward as is required at night, alleged to be for the suppression of rowdyism. Now, this is all nonsense. It only tends to weaken and des- troy the watchfulness of the men at night, and ac- tually does more harm than good. If the Mayor had doubled, or put thrice the number of policemen on the densely crowded thoroughfares, some good might accrue. Broadway, for instance, is miserably attended to. The rowdy omnibus drivers take full possession of the street, drive over peeple, and in their conduct are insolent and overbearing—yet they are allowed to go on with apparent impunity. There does not appear to be any check on them. There ought to be men designated for such places who are not above their business. Men who are po- licemen are expected to do their duty, or else resign if they are ashamed to wear the emblem of office. In all public places the police must be known and Seon—as their presence frequently is enough to check a disturbance—and not keep secluded until a riot or anaffray takes place. A Serjeant of Police, (or Inspector, or any other name you may call him) with a dozen men, could keep Broadway in good order, were they to perform their duty. In a large city like New York, with an influx of upwards of a hundred thousand emigrauts arriving annually, it is to be expected that the police must naturally have enough todo. Ebullitions arising from many causes will always be the case in a mixed population like that of New York. Fights will occur —iurders, stabbing, and other acts of violence, will take place, as in all great cities, and could not be prevented should we havo an army of five thousand policemen. It is not so much the number of police, as it is the quality and discipline requisite to con- trol them in a manner suitable for the governmont of the city, that is required. We feel satisfied that New York, take it altogether, is peaceably disposed. There is not one half the rowdyism now that exist- edten or fifteen years ago, notwithstanding tho population has nearly doubled since that time. We do not wish to be understood as reflecting on the | great body of the police individually, because gene- rally speaking they are a good set of men; but it is the system of discipline and the appointing power wecondemn. Some of them act, no doubt, as well | as they can under the existing circumstances; but 80 soon as the present mode of appointment is eradi- cated, and a method adopted suitable to the wa nts of a large city, just so soon will the public com- mend the administration, and cheerfully support the police, instead of condemning it. THe GERMANS AND THR INTERVENTION QuusTION —We are informed that since the late German Kossuth meeting in this city, and agreeably to the resolutions therein adopted, the bureau and eom- mittee of arrangements assembled on Wednesday evening, and drew up @ constitution for the ““Demo- cratic Association of the German Americans,” the tendency of which is laid down in the following | resolution, introduced by Mr Herman Raster, and unanimously adopted :— Resolved, That it is the object of the aveociation te of fect the general acknowledgment of the importaage and power of the German element, * aepreemere she =. gress in ali questions of external 9 well as internal p ee ___ Ma. Waserxn’s PostT10n —A man, in these dsyt, may be too large—too much the superior of othes men—fer the Presidency. Of this fact we have had several striking illustrations. It has been illu trated in the case of Mr Calhoun, in the person of Henry Clay, and now it is again demonstrated in the rejection of Mr. Webster by the Baltimore Whig: Convention. It was his last chance. All humam. probabilities of his clection to the highest offiee ins the land have, with the action of the late eonvention, passed away. His age bars all hope of physical availability in 1866. But, like Clay and Calhoun,. he may occupy a higher moral position than that of the White House; for, it isa bighermoral position to give shape, direction, and developement to tha policy of the government, than that of simply ex-- eeuting the laws of the land. Calhoun bas left a deeper impress upon the government and its pelicy than Martin Van Buren, and Clay overshadows a line of Presidents in his services in the Senate. Upon the compromise question, especially, he stoo® in behalf of the country, as Sir Robert Peel stood in his greatest triumphs in behalf of the English: people—* the power behind the throne greater than the throne itself” A like field of usefulness is still open to Mr. Webster. 3 It should be the aim and object, atZell hasards, now, of the Massachesctts whigs te induee Sumner to resign the place which he cannot fill, and to restore Mr. Webster to his old seat in the Senate. There, like Calhoun, Clay, and Cass, should tho last years of his brilliant public career be elosed. Colonel Benton, being « lion and not a rabbit, though excluded from the Senate by a party split, is determined to go to the House, like Joha Quinoy Adams; and like him, if he cannot be a Mentor, ho can be q,Mephistophiles—if he cannot build np, he ean tear down—if he cauuot restore harmony, ho can keep himself, the Houso, and the country, all the time in hot water But ve want Mr. Webster in the Senate—not as a Mephistophiles, but as a Mentor, to take the position of Clay. He has left Washington and the cabinet. He may negotiate at Marebfield, but he wil! probably never return to the State Departmeat. Will the Massachusotts whigs permit their great light to be hid under a bushel? Better return him to the Senate—better run him as. a separate candidate for the Presidency. Why not act upon the Trenton nomination, and trot the old horse out upon the track, auy how? Who knows what may happen? , Bet, Toe WareERING PLaces.—The watering places round about the country are filling up very fast. We learn from Saratoga that five hundred guests have already arrived at the United States Hotel, and a similar proportion in all tho othe: leading hotels—Congress Ha!! and Union Hall hove their proportion. Lebanon, also, is growing up with families of quiet people, and those who wish to enjoy the mountzin air and country repose, beyond the reach of fashion, rivt, and nonsense. Tvavellers are also beginning to rush over the railroads to- wards the White Mouniains—somo to Niagxra Falls, and some up the country, over the Eric Railroad, away inthe glens and mountain ridges of Pennsyl- yania. Around the wetropolis, all public houses and public places are filling up very rapidly. But while this ia the character of the intelligence concerning the watering places, all round the coun- try, which are beyond the influence of the fanatical Maine law, we are sorry to say that Newpert hag begun its season in a very melancholy and desolate condition. By the last accounts. wo understand that about one hrndred melancholy, thirsty, wretched people occupied the vast corridors of the Ocean House, eighty the Atlantic Hotel, aud sixty or seventy water drinkers the other eo’. water houses. We are very sorry that Newport is under _ the fanatical rule of the day, which goes in’o opera- tion about the middle of this month ; but the good sense and sound mind: of the whole cou» ry may yet work a revolution. @he Maine law, we may say, is, by all sensible, libers!-minded people, acknowledged to be an infringement of hu- man rights, of a most outrageous and fanatical de- scription. Even monarchs aud monarchy have not the hardihood to adopt the atrocious prinviples of the Maine law. We are credibly informed that the Queen of England, by virtue of her prerogative, has vetoed a similar law, which certain fanatics in Canada recently pasred there, asan infringement upon the liberty ofthe sulject and the rights of human nature. teal, Sexonita Soto ann THe Preven Dancens st Nin.o’see When we witness the graceful dancing of Senoriua Soto, we see all that is natural, beautiful, and refined in the art, and we feel that nothing can be superior to iteno- thing more exquisite. She appeared last nizht to the greatest advantage in one of ler native dencesethe “ Cachucha "ard ia anew oue, »lso well calvulated to exhibit her peculiar style, the “ Pas de Fascination.” In the “Cachuche,” the beaatifnl Spaniard, bending he: figure to every turn of the music, and accompanying i: with her light castanets. seemed the very imp. rsonation of grace and symmetry, The assembly applauded her to the echo, and showered bouquets on the stage. Co their continued acclamation: the fair danseuse had to respond by appearing before the curtain, and receiving fresh proof of admiration from the eudience. In the second part of the performauce she danced the * Pas de ination” with’Mons Moge. This isa very beautiful dance, wherein the lady by the charm cf her movemeuts faseimates the country buinpkin and induces him to join her amusement, It is almost superfluous to say appluuded, Malle z grand pos de trois from “La Jv Mons. Mege, and also iu “ La Cracovienne ” s:ouh these beautiful danseuses received a profusion of bon mets and great applause. Nor were Mulles, Lavigne and Leeder pasted over in this rec on of talent. Chey also were much spplouded in a pay de deua from the = Lake of the Fairies,” and were revs sided with bouquet Niblo’s seldom presented « more brilliant house than it did laet night—a proof that talent such es now engaged there can be appreciated in New York, and tlt the en- terprise of a manager like Mr. Niblo will not fail im being richly remunerated, It is worthy of notice, in connece tion with the large audiences that nightly a-semble in. this theatre, that the greater proportion of thorn consists of the Spanish avd French population ; and Uhat while all combine In recognizing the tetents of the distinguished artistes, they neverthelese exbibit a penchon’ towards those of their own conntry, ‘The French show their pre- ferences for Mad'ile Pougaud, who is a native of la bell” France, while the f8paninrds express theirs yoo 4 unmis- tokeably for Senorita Soto, the beautiful Andalusian, The Ieartonse. BANQUET AT THE SHAKSPRARE MoTES. Lart evening, Mr, Cabet, the chief of the Ieartans—who has founded a colony of Lis partisans at Nouvoomqwas present at a banquet given to bim by the Poench and German socialists at the Shakepeare Hotel. Most of those who attended bad been exiled for their politi- cal opinions, ‘The enloon hind, for ornament. « single red. flag, with the following inscription :-—" Equatity, Prax teruity. Liberty, Solidarity,” and in the centres triangle, With the words “Socialist Union.” Mr, Cahet arrived in the hall at haif past eight o'clock, and after having been Presented te Mee company, took a seat, which was offered | to him by « member of tie committee. ‘The persons pre- Fent. numbering about one hundred, or one hundred and twenty, ofterwards took seats. and an excellent su soon entisfied the appetite of the hungry coneives. Waen the repost was ended, Mr. Chevalier, an exiled jourmalist, gave the first tr which was onthusiasti- ‘cally applauded" To the health of the republic! ‘To the Citizen Cabet | To the qenorel rocialism of the world? ‘Atcer that toast, Cilizen Cubet, who had on his it and left rides two gentlemen connested with the ine York Tribune. rove and pronou speech, whieh Iaated, at least, two urs. and which was the continual defenee of sociaiien in all its opinions, Jie spoke tn admirable terme of the nett government of Louls Napnlrn, WHOM 1 hoartily detesis, und ikewive of t June, 1818, of whieh ie Fpoks of So, See we the most c lebrated aud ‘bri cy Within the national democratic party. 5 The Philadelphia Fourth of July letter of General | Pieree, which we published yesterday, will be rery | apt to make a powerful impression upon the Gor. mans. It looks very much like intervention, and ought to be satisfnetory to Kossuth himeelf. Let General Scott, if he hold fast to t 3 whom he loves #0 We rthe Goer 8 | with Koseuth and intervention, bool « | not the good time coming 1 | ineurgents, who. num or twelve thousand men, resisted, dwing dive unys. ali the army ot Paris, and killed ten disiiyuiched genoruls ee manding the He epoke alvo of .ive greainess of the Amerioan pls which. after baving inte “ continent, from the Ab an i rive very soon, the'Old and a cing cor jatlet c will have no rene iver, will ene mol perfor’ haps if boing # novelty, rian chief, whicw Joy. ma comm anity of rentiment bie porch bed nou the me i a ~A Swe ite ee ae