The New York Herald Newspaper, November 25, 1851, Page 2

TRE 8TA n ape Our Rome Correspondence. Rome, Ostober 25, 1851. ‘The Prisent Position of Raly—The Hopes of the Reputticans—The Lffect of the Change im the French Ministry. _ Events at France, the past fortnight, have caused strong sensation in Rome. 1: has been suid that Rot a stend can fall’ it Paris which is not felt in Italy; and the saying is very eminently true, se far as Rome is concerned, just at this present writing. On the continuance of the present order of things in France, depends that of the present order of things in the Pontificate. Remove the 9,000 French- men who bold Rome, and Pius Ninth will be in fal) flight for Geeta in twelve hours. Republicanism— yediem—is not dead in the Eternal City; it only sleoys. The volcano is smothered, but it rages as fiercely as ever in its profound depths, and may at soy moment burst forth. There are no conservatives here—there are no moderates—there is ne middle party. All are on the extreme right or the ex- treme left—abdsolutists, or reds. There is, without question, a strong republican organization here and it only awaits events to demonstrate itself: Correspondence with London is constant and active A letter from Mazzini, yesterday, says: —“ All goes well. | would not have the recent decress of for” tune other than they are.” The resignation of the French ministry would seem to be viewed as favor able by these men. At all events, almost any ebange is viewed by them with hope—precisely as it is viewed by the Pope and his supporters with apprebension. Pius Ninth is by no means a strong man. When he ascended the chair of St. Peter, he made son- oossions, which demagogues took advantage of and strove to push to extremes Pius then started back, aghast; and, ‘‘ fearing to think on what he had done,” like the guilty Thane after the murder of his King, rushed from Seylla upon Charybdis. The result was inevitable. Pius fled to Gaeta. Then came Gen. Cudiaot, one fine night in May, with 6,000 troops and a few cannoa, from Civita Vecchia; and, approuching. the Porta Cavilaggieri, close by St. Peters, thought to mareh straight into the city, | and put everything ‘to rights.” But, to his utter | amazement, he was greeted with such a warm wel- | come that he turned, and “‘ingloriously fled,” leay- some hundreds of his troops on the field. isely enoamping, he sent off for more troops, | and soon Rome was 3 ‘ Meantime, the tr) e ad | not been idle, and the Commission of Defence, ap- ebending 40 aseauit on the side of the Puician Bill, ever* off everything that interfered with their | whole forests of beautiful pines in the f the villa Borghese, and even whole pathy aint to ger Albani, not ex: cepted. perty of re! princes and milionaries is X, 4 to have been demolished ith unetion. as ex ab the French commenced operations , anew on side of the gate of hig germ and, | havin complsied their parallels on the nights of the 20th and 4 30th of June, effected a breach in the bastions, and on the let of say entered the sity. Any one who visits this section of Kome,even now— bh two years have parsed away, and nature and erties been busy in healing the wounds and eoncealing the ravages of war—will give ready evidence to the reci! of brave and bloody deeds, and of the awful slaughter witnessed on that spot. That the assault and the defence were both most a os er no one will doubt who sur- veys the devastated grounde of Pamfilia, Doria,and the bartered walls of the villas and Corsini, and those of the churches of San razio and San Pietre, in Montorio—to say nothing of the gate and bastions of San Pancrazis, and the structures anywhere near Well, Rome wes taken, the triumvirate fled, the Pope came home, after some months of oxpatria- | tion, and some thousands of French troo) rae, foot, dr , sharpshooters, and artillery—be- | ame domiciliated in the Eternal City; and now, | every morning, Rome is roused by the reveille, and, every noon she is saluted by the trumpets of the mustering guard, and every night she is sent to bed the tnhaing roll of an hundred drums. Every- re you see the French uniform—red pants and blue frock ; everywhere you behold a sei 1, even | at St. Peter's and in the Coliseum; and every- | where glitter bayonets and rattle sabres. Bat Rome is not rigidly in @ state of siege—under mar- tial law 5 ‘and it were, the French are not Aus- trians, and General Gimoau is not Chevalier Count | Gorskowsky, Governor of Venice; and to Rome does not witness pablic exeeutions, as does Venice, Decause of Mazzini correspondence. 7 the bye, the Emperor of Austria would seem te be striving to obliterate the effects of recent severity, by a par- tial amnesty to light political offenders; but this is | @ mere ruse, by which nobedy is deceived Kossuth’s release seems likely to annoy Louis Napoleon # little more than anybody else. The man would gladly resign all his old shoes, aed Re old boots into the bargain, could Austria and Kussia have contrived to make the Porte keep the great Hungarian safely at Kutayab. His pre- sence must necessarily protuce serious influences on France ; and the re’ of the French President to suffer him to traverse the republic, on his route to ——— and the — and ee exile, and his excit replies, must an fect the May election oy and, doubtless, many of ments witnessed are so desi bed English ‘saa Freneh fede. pe indeed, those of Europe, just now, are full of Kossath, his character, and career—his past and his present —favorable and the reverse. ome mystery seems to bang over his movements. It is thou t—but you receive all the European journals, an can tell readers yourself what is thought, and what contain. “One thing, however, they may not contain, and that is, that t! elease of Kossuth, and ite influences, are vi by statesmen here as calculated to exert more effect upon democra- cy in Europe, this winter, than any and all other influences put together F Kossu “American Literature, | The following interesting correspondence ba | passed between the illustrious Kossuth and Menry | Howard Paul, ieq., the editor of the American Ma- | gaze, in London Ammrnican MaGas rvice, Nov. 2, 551 To His Excettescy L. Kossuta:— I feel sincere pleasure at being able to send yous copy of m: work, which is the first effort to Paablish, in Engiand, a medium for the more direct prom: ef American sentiments and literature. | feel confident that, to @ great reformer in the cause of freedom and justice like yourself, such s work will be especially acceptable, not less for of it designs to progress advocate, but also for iterary merit it presents, the ablest pens of the New World lem prompted t0 tend you thie American work, because the wide sym ies of my countrymen are you— because pulse of my towering and beleved nation is beating, st this moment, in the le of giving you a whole souled and fraternal welcome. | kuiow thet you esteem America, and, therefore, presume to feel that you will receive my token af & patriotie offering from one of her sons, whore proudest wish it to be the to the poopie of bumble instrument of nnn 5 af ity that existe in Great Britain the genius and al the | nited States " Permit me here to onrol my name among your most devoted adm: The elements of integrity, petriotiam, (a: uotiinching valor, form your ih shiner out like @ bright star amid of faction and contest, inte whieh your ill fated country bas been plunged by despotivm and | May you live to accumplish the dearest and best wishes of your heart. May ail of your noble designe of justice and equality be fulfilled: and praying most devoutly, “ ‘sod speed to these ends,” Permit me, illustrious sir, to eubsoribe myself, Yours, faithfully, Hewny Howary Pa ssUTH'S REVLY baton Piace, Wednesday, Nov 6, 1551 Leak Sin —| beg leave to acknowledge grate- fully the receipt of your American Magazine, to whieh | wish every success ats most laudable on terprise, to show to the Vid World the rising liter ary greatness of your glorious nation. An Amert- can work is always acceptable to my taste and feel- ings, for from the history of your favored country drawn confidence, aud the balm of consol . in the severest hours ial and oppression t n ts you express to | by, 1 Bope to be and, believe me, the shores of America n arm expression of lays pe untrymen my visit in the midst of your 1 look forward with feelings of t Again than sympatby and ” Thave the honor Hisxny Hows the Pubite peeches / 7 The Bitect o of the * From the L« € hat Kossuth is a repub hatred of the Austrian dynasty, ng to take whatever rr blicans eleewher? Th ea logicin t hat nevesearily aft We sre popular enc BO Ppecial umbrag | new laws, but of ancient rights presses respect tutions that are afreid of neral idea of a commonwealth. Or, if we have any, they have got used to that contact. Brother Jona- than abuses our “effeminate ” in half hig broad shests; and the effeminate aristocra goes on never-minding, and filling a place whic! some species of aristocracy must fill in all eolid political systems. It won't be displaced unless by gradual substitution of social influences fitted to take its place; and while, if ere setting about to construct an aristocracy, we could one more sotienally eyumowiesl, cal and practicable proceeding in this country would be te enlorge the bestret that which is in ex! nce. If Kossuth, however, uses a republican a with repablicans, he does not use a eialist ae ie socialists — His notion of ‘the solidarity of the peor pee Ge save prattanseate moet un English ang’ ion at least, common with t Louis Blancist— Reason, philosepby. fiddiedum diddled: Peace and fraternity, meal 7 ye Piggledy, aa iedum. is reply to the French soqialists, which we give to-day, Y in fact, a pretty smart rap pa knuckles forthem; thou, thing, the “ men ossuth sa, sense of it. as used to that sort of ously dissemble their 8 ys ly to them :— Every intolerant system tending not tu modify, but to abolish some of the elements of social life, and to vio- late the sacred rights of human ixviolability, and throw you back from your aim, would condemn you to impo- tency for good, ard would detach you from that alliance with my country, and all countries to which you do ho- Ope which M. Louis Blane rejoins with the old maundering to the old “effect defective”—that The monopoly of the instruments of laber in the hands cf one class paralyses the activity of others, unless itis reduced to subservience; labor contending against money, is almost always crushed by money; myriads of men, rivals, slaves of machinery, find life neither for mind nor heart, but die without baving truly lived itis not money, but want of meney—it is not excess, bus deficiency of machivery— iaat labor has avywhere (o complaia of. There is no “monopoly of the instruments of labor” in the hands of any one clas this country—now that no class arrogates to itself the right to monopolise labor's subsist- ence. We wish these social monomaniace would look a little across the Atlantic, and observe into wha’ utter theoretical and practical discredis are gunk all their notions of what society is, aod suciety ought to be, in acountry where republicanism has done tsutmost. We have before us the latest published American “ Treatise on Political Economy,” by Geerge Opdyke, in which we find, with some trans- tic ape of sentiment and expression, as ay te a vindication as could have proceeded from M. Thiers or M. Cousin of the equal claim to respect of every generally tecogiised form of pro- perty and of the natural reciprocity of benefits and borrowers—whether of labor, 1 e or capital — in every free commercial and ind system. [From the eee ord Examiner, November 12.) ‘The reception of Kossuth in Manchester has been a noble testimony to the universality of the deep and intense interest in his cause. On no former } occasion bas anything like the same amount of all- absorbing popular enthusiasm been witnessed in connection with the public men or events of other lands. ‘The meeting, last night, in the Free Trade Hall, was bat a faint representation of the wide- spread sympathy which the actual presence of the illustrious chief of the Hungarian people has evoked throughout all ranks and classes. ‘he reputation of, tbe great exile had, no doubt, done much to stimulate an intense curiosity on the part of multi- tudes, who shared but to a slight degree in those deeper fee! which have endeared his name as identified the cause of{reedom. But it is im- possible not to foresee how large may be the con- sequences, in the future direction @ publie opinion in this country, which such a men is calculated to develope. Hitherto the people of England have taken but @ com} tively unitpportant share in in- fiuencing the policy of government in relation to other States. Hereafter destined to ming, about a closer alliance between the diplomacy of England and the direct action of public opinion. He seems to comprehend his mis- sion in this respect, and with wonderful sagacity adapts himself to the genius of the he seeks te identify with his aims. His speech last night in the Free Trade Hall, in its conception and ta. tion to his purpose and audience, was as remaika- ble as epee gra pny we aon been for breadth ty t intuitive a ion of the English acter and the workdag of our fnetivations, which makesthe marvel of his powers. Under the most extraordinary diffi ¥ the strength and versatility ofhis mindstamp almost every phiase with the assurance that here is a mas- terpiece of Nature’s workmanship. {t is not difficult to understand how atily such a man, in his own | tongue, sbould have stirred the hearts and minds of hiscountry men,’ we find bim even before a high- bie a and assuredly critical audit like that of the Free Trade Hall, in spite of all the disadvan- tages of a most complicated and unfamiliar —- lang , sustaining, for full one hour anda half, the cadagsing interest of . For ourselves, we must confess that, as we were to make every allowance for those necessary illusions which the enchantment of a great name and a t cause had previously lent to the person of Kossuth, we abate, on actual evidence, nothing of our prepos sestions as to the quality of his powers. The ground covered by his speech was at once of bis com: hension of the gies tone that prevails in Manchester, and rfect familiarity with the it may be that Kossuth is | easily frame: |: the more practi- | | wevween laborers and employers—between lenders | against domestic disturbance. ef ee $ 4 F abread throughout ev Wrin in this’ that we ap- danger. If 3 i there were nothin, France than to cheose an ind: of the candidates who may offer them- selves, to place at the head of the government, the election might pass over without any eerious conse- uences ; but, unfortunately, there is in France, and throughout a great part of Europe, a numerous body whe are watching the opportunity, and who gladly ‘ete 3 5 +4 z ii 2 avail themselves ‘inate dangerous principles, and if possible establish dis- order and anarchy, which must be opposed to the existence of sven plas engagement and the safety of established government. The election of ore orn ad Ase hi acd will give cow opport . it must net supposed that because the election of a President for the Unite: States is an cotariy constitutiona) right, which usually passes off without disturbance, the same ay ocour in France. In America the election of a ident has besome an ordinary periodical rou- tine, to which the people are accustomed by an usage of morethan sixty years; but in France the choice, by universal suffrage, of a chief magistrate for the State is a new experiment; and, as we ha’ said, that country has no constitution—i search of one. It is barely possible, but not at all probable, that the other countries of Europe will regard with in- difference the commotions which may arise in France as a consequence of the election; in fact, they will not be permitted to remain quiescent; they will be forced by the extreme revolutionary party and the extreme revolutionary feelings which pre- vail—net only in Frange, but in their respective do- minions—to arm themselves in the defence of order and the maintenance of their thrones. No doubt thereare many who think that lngland can have nothing to do with commotions which are external to her own dominions: her insular position is her protection, while the freedom of her constitution and her thriving industry, are sure guarantees We wish we could indulge in euch pleasing prospects. Such, we ad- mit, ought to be, and might be, the happy condi- tien of the country; but it is our misfortune to have se unnecessarily entangled oureelseves in the conti- nental revolutions, that we fear [England ¢annot but be mixed up with any untoward event that may arise through the French election. Throughout Germany and througheut italy, the recent revolu- tiens, ifthey have not had the actual support of | England, have had the warmest sympathy of the overpment, and something more than sympathy. e Sicilian revolution was not merely encoi ed, by England, but the revolutionists were sup) with arms from the Tower of London; and it is no- torious that her Majesty’s steamers were, as far as it was possible for a zeutral power to act, sens and aseisting in the same cause, even beyond what | could be considered strict neutrality. Austria is another power against which [England has showo every species of animosity that could be shown short an actual declaration of war; it is cer- tain that, hed it not been for the difficulties in which that country was plunged, and the weakness of the Bespetan: government, both those kingdoms would, with whatever allies they could have ob- tained, have engaged in hostilities with lngland. What we apprehend, then, is that—as the feeling | still exists, as the sense of injuries still remains, and as our foreign Secretary, up to the present most pregnant modes of embodying its expression | When he told the andience that “ commerce is the locomotive of principles,” what Englishman could bave more tereely and epigram matically identified, in asin Meare cas eee ee bh the b agency whereby andest rial Ay Bnet a Katvow autifully he dwelt upon it po sition, both in this country the United States, furvishing, through the mediam of a deep mutual mpathy with the ongeoenns nations of Euro; the means of maki: 6 mission subserve the dif- fusion and reiprocaion of ~ 9 and generous feel- ings between peo both countries. Euro; has never yet sent an apostle like him, reach for fallen nations the great gospel of poli- From the patriot of a people, 1 redemption. misfortune converted him into the eloquent emaccipator of an entire continent. For the winged words of Kossuth, carried by the press of England to every quarter of the globe, are no mere pro- tests against the wrongs that have trampled out the national life of wo ae but a universal ap- aon peal to the free opinions mankind against ty- ranpy despotism in every shape, and in land. And the power that been given voice is no longer narrowed to the soil which gave him birth, but from these free shores uplifte the hearts, and feeds the hopes, of the oppressed of every nation. The exile of such a man some- thing ey: in ite purpose. Hun, fallen, but not without a prophecy of retribution to the despote that crushed her. She has sent forth ber on chief as a missionary, endowed with the gift of tongues, to proclaim her wrongs in both bemispheres, and exemplify in her fate cbaracter of that policy wi makes the Sove- reigns of Europe the gaolers, and not the rulers of mankind. For our part, much as we satici d from the reputation that preceded him, Louis Kossuth een: mony W our es all the preconceptions induced by indirect evidence, or report of his capabilities and character. No Pops man, of any nation, has been tried or tested | y a like ordeal cedent, he stands before the world @ living si ebological phenomenon. We veo the misfortunes that have overwhelmed his coun- try, a divine significance, that seems almost to foresbadow, in his ex, 0, @ larger promise of political gontantlon Gor, Mose mm aod Central Europe God grant bim life and health to that has been awarded to him; pow pray Hes to accord to himse! worthy of the lofty aims whieh guiding star of his great career. From the Liverpool Me e have witnessed, with pi on which the people of this . Now 6) jing emotions, the couatry, as (ar as they bad an opportunity, have given to that illustriogs man, the banished overner of Hun- gery, Koseuth. [¢ does them immortal honor i bere are some persons, ied a rant demagogues, who {ancy those constitutional theorists, who have been the plague of all time, a rash and wre:ched race of Visionaries, who plunge headlong into revolution, and deluge their country with blood. Thore who think so know absolutely nothing of tbe man—of bie noble, pure, and Christian princi- ples. hossuth did not take up arme in support of He did not fight for a new constitution for Hungary, but in defence by artful or igno- Kossuth is net of an old one. He was not an innovator—he was a conservator. He did not make war upon Austria— he stood up for Hungary. He is not a republican, but a royalist This should be clearly understood. He was the friend of the late L-mperor in hour of his greatest peril; but, as he would pot rifice the venerated institutions of his country, would not tamely aban don the rights of the Mogyars, he wae the victiu of Pp jy. deserted by those who pretended to ase his eauee, and only def d, not by the armies of which be © the winds, but money ues es ied in t tyrants and Ci gots eilgits to crush liberty, and debag th Measured by experience or pre | time, avails himself of every erpertenity to insult and annoy both Austria and Naples—dificulties may be store for England which may come upon her when she least expects them. J This brings us to a recent event—the visit to Eng- land of M. Kossuth. Wesay nothing of the man- ner in which he has been received in this country ; we can only consider it as an ebullition of popular feeling. But what does that feeling express? Sympathy for the cause of those revolutions which have been so disastrous to the peace of so many European countries, and which, even now, threaten them future difficulties. M. Kossuth, in his own perfon, seems to embody the cause of universal | revolution, to be on a missionary tour to propogate his opinions, and to wim over disciples to them. To us this ep) to have been the object of all the addretre dis as delivered in this eno tinetly and unequivocally calls u ane to assist bim in securing the independence of Hunga- ry, to overthrow the House of Hapeburg, and to lay the Austrian monarchy in the dust. The overnment cannot, of course, be held responsible for what M Kossuth said to the English people, nor 24 for the applause and approbation with which the people received his sentiments; but this | is an English opinion on English feeling. Conti- nental potentates will judge very differently of the | matter, but the Emperors of Russia and Austria will not put quite so charitable a construction on the privileges which a gathering of Inglis! erjoy Sim will not unnat ly ask—“What brought M. Kossuth to England; it was not in his route from the Mediterranean to N: deed we are half ourselves; we certainly think it as well fer the country if it had been spared thi M. Kossuth will probably | country im- pressed with the the people of England are ready at any moment to wage war with Austria and K ussia, to restore the rights of Hw he knows not, or perhaps does not consider how much England has already paid for ware which were 3 ber Hews ang Chae a Magy has been tober people. ‘The people of Ei may sympathize wn the Hungarian cause, but if he ex- pects they will go to war for it he is sadly mistak at least we hope so. What we apprehend is, that asthis country has inourred the hatred and roused the suspicions of co many European ry the question of peace or war may not be left to us as @ matter of choice. F M. Kossuth leaves [-ngland for the United States | of America in a fow days. He has already published in that country an address to the peoples much of the same tenor as the speeches he delivered here; but in the published document he more 0; de- neunces the Austrian esnnaty cal, in all pe men b+ oe » thought prudent to do in E: ; although, from some expressions be sed, od the manner they were received b audience, he may have thought that, ch country was not altogether a republic, can. M. Kossuth is country he is going to, it is quasi republi- aeath a (6 be received in the United effect bave saluted and treated with all the honors that, in American estimation, are due to one who anathe- | matizes monarchy as a public nuisance, which ought to be universally laid ite. But the # of those salutes will reach St. Petersburg and Vienna, aod they may send forth a ite the train of combustible materials which, by mes revolution, has been laid througheut urope ‘The New Share Ma: » Emrope. From the Liverpool Courier, Nov 12) duties of @ public journalist, who re- Cipead thoee eimply con- rity of his ander- jogs, is to use th e fforced by his position, in, pilot ahead, that be may warn his rei i This part of our functions we feel calle on to exercise at the present time in reference to subject which may assume consi le import ce We allude to the pr for joint stock companies, =< have sprung out of the ivcoveries of gold in fornia and ia Aus- One of a We need scarcely remind our commercial read- poy Ng the cm \s } money market atthe present @ favors the ot specula- tors For a considerable time it hae been admitted that there must soon be communicated to the large mass of hoarded wealth an impulse in the direction ot speculative activit The only ques- tion wae, what channel it should seck the dieastere of 1545, it wee hopeless to attempt to renew railway speculation; there was no encourage- ment to invest money in foreign loans; and the pro- veking steadiness the public funds left but few oharces to the adepts who fi the public eredu- lity Opportanely for them ¢ the discovery of there new gold regions The event was of that striking kind that attracts public attention; and it was ovident that, with » little dexterity, even a might be got up ¢ are not about to write an alarmist article; | but we feel it our duty to call on our readers to foresight. We are not admi- le-faced and cowardly policy of journali*em which would allow the public to float on the full tidé of imposture until the moment that that tide was about to turn, and which would then, | but not until then, commence dealing destruction | amongst th ulpable pe and their viet | Such tactics best ewit a nal like the Time which, a¢ the ornele of the London Stock | charge, is yet compelled to pander to the interests | of that bo he p Califor leet reons imterested in the | mining districts of and Australia to to t readers’ re hat since lie f the extensive quartz formations, wit eir mepes deposits of gold, mining, gven in \givorni It is only te n- that will serve to | 5 and we ns thorized dervouse Ps wever, an invariable rule, when the at- ZF immediately to meet exaggerated with a multitude of projects which basis. These ve a certain amount }, sanction the jobbing and Leagan oe cannot very res ns areled into this kind gauoling. To them we would say, that for the mere purposes of temporar: profit, it is not ef so mush consequence ‘which scheme the: provided the dangerous pur- chase is q passe: ms To those who might wish to make a permanent investment, we would advise the utmost eaution before doing so. As re- gards the Californian schemes, the “Agua Fria” seems to possess the tee of being at least pyceeeed in sincerity; and we have every reason believe that it is a fair commercial enterprise, not a mere gamb! speculation. Another, called the ‘Nouveau M ” is advertised in our present iblication. Nor would we be understood as cast- g any reflection upon other schemes. We would never take upon ourselves, in such a case, to recom- mend one mere or less than another; but it is our duty to warn our readers that there is every symp- tom of the speedy access of a mania in reference to pola mining shares, which may prove inferior only degree to that which led to such terrible conse- quences a few years since Ha thus much, we must leave to the good sense of our readers the exercise.of that cau- tion which is desirable even where a mere tempo- rary ‘‘operation” is intended, but which is far more necessary where | eat may contemplate the invest- ment of perhaps hardly-earned savings, witha view to remunerative interest. The only guarantees we know of are, a careful examination of the names and claims of those who stand forward as the ma- nagers of such undertakings; a determination never to purchase any shares at a high premium; anda sytematic deduction of a very considerable per centage from the profits promised by the promoters. Newspapers Stoppea at the English Post Office, 10 THE EDITOR OF THE LONDON CHRONICLE. 8 Bir—Having mentioned to adi dim the United States, Spanish authorit im Cuba showed extraordinary discourtesy to I was told that foreigners landing in ‘land were reported to be often subjected to official incivility; I that [ had not been aware of such & report, but when a man in my country had a cause of complaint against any functionary of the ppg 3 his simplest mode of obtain ning redress was to make the public secatiates wi vance, newspapers. mn, you consider me sight in the last opinion, may I request you to favor me by publishing the accompanying cor- Tespondence ’ TO THE POSTMASTER GENERAL. My Lord—On leaving at the Post Office, in the Strand, some copies of the Morning Chronicle, which contained an article on the Exhibition that would be interestin; abroad, and which were directed to friends in the Unite: States of North America, and sealed with « crest, the at- tendant at the Post Office informed me that any news- papers, the envelopes of ‘which wore sealed with either armerial bearings ¢r cipher, ran the risk of being re- tained by the General Post Office. During @ recent tour in the United States, it has reve- ral times happened tome that my English friends have mentioned. in letters, that they had sent me newspapers, which I did not receive. I venture, therefore, to inquire ef your lordship—1 Whether new are liable to be retained at the office should they be sealed with armorial bearings or with a cipher? and. 2. If s0, whether it is by the require- ment of an act of Parliament’ and, 3. Whether the same custem and authority exist for retaining newspapers | coming from abroad? There are questions interesting to the public, British and foreig>; ewspapers, sent by persons of er clase or nation, are sure to be sealed with either armorial bearings or a cipher; unless indeed they should be forwarded directly from a newspaper office; ween they may Provably be pasted. I will take the liberty of adding that such x, detention, if not enjoined by act of Parliament, " to uncMcial persons to be a robbery, aggravi by breach of confidence, and (in the case of the United States, since news: to and from them must be pre-paid) by the fact money had leen pocketed by the autho- rized carriers for transmission of that which they bave stolen, I bave the honor to be, my lord, your most obedient humble servant, . B. BURTEES. Oxford and Cambridge Club, Oct. 25 a PDT ae tie utenant-Colone! Maberly presents his compliments to Mr. Surtees and leave to acknowledge the receipt of his letter of the instant, and to acjuaint him that it will receive every atteution. General Post office, Oct. 27, 1861. No further attention was paid to the above rejuest or complaint. Outlets to British Capital. . { From the London Times, Nov. fh The Ly igen the steady increase in the bul- lion of the may continue for a It is equally e' Europe, that that new outlet must be found either | at home, in the colonies, or in the United States. ; | Whether each shall ite heal pend hay 2 oa prowapet- | will depend much upon the boldness | tude our commercial legislation. No one oan have mixed in business during tho last four without arriving at the conviction that | ye | the y of joint stock companies, under their | old form, is at end, consequently that if capital is to diffused and employed at ome, it must be under some new itions. The system of foreign loans has sy re- ceived a deathblow. and Denmark are, | perhaps, the only two borro' States in Europe that could now raise amounts in our markets, and these have already been supplied to the extent their resourocs warrant. Austria and France indicate respectively an annual want of eet ae —_ Aye it bas oot pone strated that, \¢ present state ings in those countries into continue, the mot must be raised in some manner, it be im le for the smallest fraction of it to be obtained here. ‘The fate of the “py e~ connected with the Weatern | ailway of France shows that as regards public works in that oountry the jet is the fame, and that hence the scheme for the Lyons and Avignon line, which is to be one of the earlicst measures before the Assembly, will fail to derive su} from this side. Thus, while enter- at home is checked by the state of the law, it is shut out from the entire continent by politi- cal eauses. As re the colonies, the Cape can afford no field it is the scene of war, and capitaliste will not venture their money in Aas- tralia when they must wait cight months to hear even of ite arrival. In India, government in- terference and su; mn is inconsistent with the possibility of commercial progress, and Canada can never compete, ona e scale, with the attractions of her immediate neighbors. there circumstances it is plain that when the next | rush of capital takes , it will be to ed States. Indeed, for the past five y: of money in the two countries has #¢ disproportioned that all who were conversant | with the opportunities that presented themselves were Fur, the natural course of operations which was sure, sooner or later, to bring ab+u' & knowledge y Ay way in oe our ership ww operates enterprise poets Yh gy A breaks all bounds in a pathetic ia, is however, to ex- the ano . There is no reason why the rewards of enterprise should not be almost as in this country as in America, and they would become so if capital were equally free. That the undertakings which have been carried forward in the various 8 forj the past five years, have have had nothing to do with any artificial excitement, has been proved by the fact of the rate of money during the whole ti baving rarged trom 5 to 12 per cent, a period having, moreover, just been paseod in which it was as high asfrom 12 to 18 per ce With the growing intercourse be- tween the two countries it will be impossible that such a ‘ity can much longer conti The thing to be ired, however, is that rise should be so facilitated in land aa to render it worth while to pay high ¢ fer money here in place of letting the equalization be effected by a sudden drain to to the other side. There are, if is true, abundant openings in the United es in which English capltal might, in moderate supplies, be constantly employed, and still more numerous are the projecte in which a union of the two nations would be advantageous; but a violent and indis eriminate outpouring is ruinous alike to both. ¢ it corrupts the one and enrage y ali the consequent loss. Whether th war witneseed in 1539, is again tc years hence, must. therefo vety mu upon the congse of legisiation moanwh uch should be the tia to be experience ite inconvenie we sha | ly just to bear in mind that the will be heavy throw elsewhere iblic has been magetized 1 The English Trade Returns, the London Gasette, Nov. 11 The Board of Trade return for, “the month su ending ir, have fo emieevebies giving oni 7a ire we are proven! any ar lar statements to-day. The annexed summary, Le padd shows the tekal amounts under the various The total declared value of exports for the month 627,092, and £6,434,834. For the nine months mio dpatraty ardent Scrat in 1819 and me they were respectively aot - parc berm np hoc) Gri] 8. 102,160 ibs , and 3,: 648 Ibe nrefined sugar ows ap importation of 631,348 owt. for the month of the present year, whilst for 1519 and 1850 the fi- ures stood respectively 555,165 owt. and 580,48 ows, e quantities taken for home consumption during the same menths bens for 1851, 621,233 owt.; for 1849, 601,362 owt. ; 1850, 636,845 owt. In wines of various Seneriotiors the importation for the past month, amounted to 539,515 galls.; for the months of 1849 and 1850 they were respectively 447,125 8; and 590,837 . The quantities entered for ome consumption in the same periods were, in 1851, 651,500 galla ; 1849, 657,160 galls.; and 1850, 695,- 924 galls. Of spirits, includ: rf rum, brandy, and gearva, there were iaiparied uring the month of | ie present year, 565,147 galls.; for correspond- - month in 1849 and 1 ), the figures were 1,076,- 2 on and 826,957 galls. The quantities taken for home consumption during the same period were A764 alls., 622,602 pela asd 465,619 galls. re- spectively. As regards the shipping trade, we find that in the month last past there were 3,691 foreign ves- sels, with a tonnage of 799,340 entered inwards; whilst in the corresponding month of 1850 the num- ber was 3,865, with a tonnage of 768,975. Toaere cleared outwards during the same periods respect- ively, 3,284 ships, 674,064 tonnage, and 3,253 ships, 631,661 ton! 0 In the coasting trade, during the month of the nt year, 11,552 vessels, 1,028,952 tonnage, en- Sy red inwards, and 14,532 shi 1,273,394 woanage, cleared outwards; in the commuted momsh cf 1850, the numbers were—ships 13,341, tonnage 1,194,261, and ships 15,484, tonnage 1,385,821. Theatricals Abroad. Madame Sontag is at present at Frankfort, where she made her debut on Monday, 27th of October, in ‘La Sonnambula.” The prices of admission were to be considerably augmented on the occasion. Meyerbeer, whose illness we have noticed, was so far improved in health as to be able to leave Paris. He proceeds to Berlin direct. The opera of ‘Casilda,” by the Duke of Saxe Ceburg, been put in rehearsal at the Theatre Royal, Berlin; it was to be produced on the 12th of November, on the occasion of the anniversary of the King’s birth day. . Within the last few days, Liszt has returned to Weimar from his tour in the Khenish provinces and the baths of Ellsen. As maitre de da le to the Grand Duke, the first new operas that will bring out are “Benvenuto Cellini,” by Hector Ber- ya specs a an are, ns Sa menced; “Casilda,” by the ie of Saxe Ce 5 and “Le Conseiller "a, Goguett, De Lentige Rath),” by M. J. Owen, dilettante of Vienna, where this work has just obtained great success at the Imperial Theatre. A new opera, ‘‘1 Gladiatori,” the music of which is by Jaeopo Toroni, has just been produced alla Caraobiana, at Milan. Although the work was much applauded, it is not likely to be permanently The following is the latest Paris chit-ehat:—Al- boni is about to leave us at the close of the present week, and proceeds to fulfil an engagement abroad; when she will return is uncertain. The 22d of Ne vember Saint Cecilia's Day, the Association of Artistes Musiciens celebrated the fete of the ness of the musical art, by executing at the Sburch of St. Eustace, one of Haydn’s masses, the first in sidemol. M. ‘Tilmant had the direction of the instrumental part, and M. de Garand, the vocal. M. Verviotte, the composer and ma:- tre de chapelle of Rouen Cathedral, has just married Mile. Pitard, the daughter of one of most opa- lent merchants of that city. Mile. Esther Dan- hauser, the charming pupil of Madame Damoreau, bas just contracted an advantageot agement at the Grand Theatre of Mai bas returned here, whe, with the recent arrival of Mile. Lagrua, and Massol and Madame Tedesco, com- plete the personnel of tbe “ Juif Errant.” In con nder - nearer adjustment of the rates, was so long delayed. sequence the rebearsais of this new grand opera, ‘*‘ The Wandering Jew,” are proceeding with great activity. At our Italian Opera, “ Lucia di ammermoor’”’ has succeeded to ** Lucrezia Bor- gia.” Three representations of the latter work, observes one of our musical journals, have not anges our opinion of the new cunatrice, Madame Barbieri Cini. Each time she was encored in the air which she sings so excellently, ‘‘M’odi, m’odi.” ‘The couplets of Orsini are no less well rendered by Madle ida Bertrand, and have been eq! en- cored. In Lucia we bave returned to us Malle. Corbari, after a short s¢jowr in England and Russia. \dile. Corbari is @ ymost talented er and actress, but the of Lucia is not suitable to her voice; she is obliged to transpose several 208, ‘ “the vocal eclat Stik thet and she can never require. Caizolari gives mush expression and feeling in the part of Edgard. Fortini fails in wer a Rigel of sty! ores aie 0 profundo, dis voice of rare quality, and ‘ebchbe has asyeired a little more ex drience, be will prove himself to be @ valuable acquisition to Sophie Cruvelli has arrived, an; ratic curps. and they have put in rehearsal “L’ Italiana in Algieri.” The Darmstadt Court Theatre has re opened with the **Propbete.” Madame Kunsli Hofman has made a most successful debut in the part of Fides Extract of a letter from Brussels :—** Madile Caroline Duprez continues to star it at our id theatre. esterday she appeared in adie de Lammermoor,” ber fourth performance. We have also in preparation another novelty, a new by the tenor Duprez. This opera was to have executed in London, but, by a fortunate concate- nation of circumstances, Brussels will be the spot to ive it birth. The /ibretto is by his brother, Edward pres.”” A letter from Zurich states that the King of Saxony hae granted a yes! to the celebrated compomr, M. Richard Wagener, who was con- demned by default to a long imprisonm: i for pee Ca in the insurrection of |, in 1849, dw Ah a ; ag ame land. roposil 2 7 a Grand Duke of Saxe Weimar has just charged M. Wage- ner to set to music @ grand new in five acts, called “ Young Si ” the subject of which is borrowed from the ian Sagas. Mra he grey = vf Te Ld = re-eng: at the Amphitheatre, Liverpool, the Haymarket not opening so soon as was intended. Mr. and Mrs. Sims leeves made their appearance at = Birmingham theatre, early in the present month. The Glasgow theatre opened on the 23th ult , un- der the management of Mr. Simpson, the lessee of the Birmingham theatre. Mr. G. V. Brooke plays his farewell Girne Glasgow, previous to his departure for ‘nited States. Mr. James Anderson, the tragedian, commenced an engagement at the Britannia Saloon, High street joxton. ‘The rmances exte through six nights. He tl oceeded to the cit; of London on the 10th instant, Rr a similar period, for the represe ntation of the principal characters of the immortal Shakepeare. The American and rming under the rench Equestrian, lately ices of Mr. Risley, at Jrury Lane Theatre, have a red at the Theatre Royal, Vablin, with an e amount of success as that obtained by them in jon. Mr. Charles Horsley has made consiéerable pro- grors in a new oratorio, on the story of Joseph. Signor Schira is said to have been nominated Mr. Bunn’s musical director for the coming season at Drury Lane. Rumor mentions Cy by Mr. Balfe and by Mr. Benedict as works which probably may be performed. We believe that the or gentle- man bas long had in bis hands a /ibretto by Mr. Bi ith that of Signor Ver- voring to engt ice thi lady could possibly do to his theatre—her standing in the opera world considered—it is hard to divine. There was some talk, awhile since, of the engago- ment of Madame Novello—but without foundation, since that lady, we perceive, has left England to fulfil an engagement at Venice, and will not return to us till after E: e nor Koneon ys ba thing unprecedented ¢ part of the has been iaken by Madame Medori, wh belorged to an Italian opera company ® new contralto, has &, aud is praived by some italian inger of superior yualicy Viechek bas signed an cagag the eum of eighty thousand puaranteed to him it iv said t ment for A florite havin atity IN Prinape { , + ip Philadelphia, during the w eek ending twe aad i Which 54 Were UNder Lire years of oye jner =| » incl ‘ The whole country seems to be in a state of agi- tation, and the news indicates wide spread dissa! facti jeularly on the Gulf coast. The go~ appears to be i: nt, and every effort to raize the means to me: emerg: is the ion of diate cause of dissa’ Pe old ar Cen: Caray s6-T return of Gen. Garay ‘ampico, wither succoring Avalos at Matam: looked u od strange circumstance, and it is intimated the £ mnment will hold him toa rigorous accounta- ility. The steamer es as on which he em- the defence rf Ma‘amoras, was sight days feching the defence cf Matamoras, was 8 the mouth of the Rio Grande. the delay is said to have been caused by a norther, which compelled the vessel to take shelter under the island bos for severa) days. On arriving at Point Isabel, Gen. Garay learned that the river was not dee enough for the Neptune to go to Matamoras, an he transferred his men and cannon to # small Ame- rican steamer. But when he had ascended halfthe distance to Matamoras, he was informed that if he proceeded further he would place himself in the wer of Canales, who had joined the besieging surgents, aad who had under his command a large spane, of which a considerable part were deser- ters from the American army, the whole garrison at Brownsville, the Mexican papers say, with their accustomed audacity, having cai the river to join the revolutio: forces, by the connivance of the officers who commanded them. Garay, on hear- ing this, as we have already been by direct: news from the Rio Grande, turne araep. ons te embarked his men and munitions on the goane, and sailed for Tampico, where he had arrived, ‘and the above excuse was made fer him. It is further said, to account for his conduct, that the authori- ties and people at Brownsville threatened that they would not permit him to go te the relief of Avalos. The ‘Sighio, published at the capital, apprehend- ing the surrender of Matamoras to avajal, observes that the affair had become oue momen- premny and effica- |, the aay y teus to the nation, and that if cious measures were not adopte of Mexico would be at an en that paper argues, Tampico wa: conquest in iis present conditior garrison of fifteen hundred men, and a vessel of war on the bar to defend it seaward, the Siglio adds, for if the rebels had possession of Matamoras they could enter the river and ascend to the city hy steam, if there was no national vessel to prevent em. : By the following, which we translate from the Tratt d’ Union, it will be seen that the insurrection has extended into the State of Vera Cruz, and that there are premonitions of a rising in the State of Puebla. ie Trait d’ Union says:— Cordove has also sent forth its pronunciamento. The objects of the movement are not very definitely set forth, but the declaration is appended to a proclamation, the purpose uf which, according to some, is to separate the departments of Grizaba and Cordova. Others, however, say that the project is to favor the plan of Uaravajal. The fact isthat those who have are com- manded by C: in Manuel Gomes Saravia, and by #re- tired Lieut. Col. Felipe Komire, who, on the Octo- ber, shut themselves up in the convent of St. ee, and there raised the standard of rebellion. Ia this posi- tion they held @ parley with the Ayuntamiento, of whom they demanded the reinstatement of the political Chief and the Chief Justice of the Departs. The Ayuntamiento [feigned to sympathize them. The insurgents not being strong enough in numbers to leave their position, the authorities of Cordova found time to address those at Orizaba city, who at once sent them three hundred men of the National Guards, who reached Cordova on the evening of the 23d. The rebels, ye 4 heard of the arrival of this reinforcement, tled and tool refuge in the hacienda of Portrero, but not without the following prisoners being taken, viz: Capt. Gomez Sa- ravin; the Regidor, Juan Gomez; a Spaniard named Juan Trueba, and two other individuals, whose names are not ven. On ‘the 2th of October, at midnight, » of National Guard pursued the rebels to the Portrero, Having arrived at the hacienda, this force, which was divided into two detachments, beeame the Victim of a fatal error. One of the detachments took the other for theenemy. They fired upon each other. One of the guards fell, mortally wounded, and three othere were mere or less grievously wounded. discovered their error at last. The detachments reunited andd is- persed the rebels ip every direction. It does not appear ‘that the disturbance stopped If here. The Fray Folete of the 3d ult says:— According to re; 8 we have received, the sary Sebpasinn infantry, commanded by 5 ‘been completely dispersed by a detachment of the National Gi of Orizaba, who sallied out from Ocrdova, under the Commandante, Clement Lopes, in pursuit of the party. By one of those misfortunes, which always happen on #1 , we have to report the death of se corporal of lancers, and the wounding of five o amongst whom is Becond Lieutenant Francisco Mino, the lapoers, who behaved bravely. The enemy sban- doned their arms, their papers end munitions, but we do not know what love they in men, The Tat d’ Union, of the Sth inst, commenting yg ge el print be considered ‘hus myate: ul ing mus’ ae suppressed, and it is very probsble that we shall havo nothing more to ebronicle im the matier, but the sub- mirsion «f the insurgents, Whether these antieipations wore realized, ir, wo think, very dubious, for in the very same paper wo find a letter from Puebla, which we tr A which, although somewhat ambiguous, is sufficien' clear to nd trouble in that quarter. The le’ meee allows — i ; uestion which 1s before Congress, buted. and caused to be posted up, papers thle houses, bo Mexico ing. ‘Mexico to do the same i the intention to rise, hoping shouted people :—" ‘Long live General Avalos!” Is it ‘any other argument to these paid, that they know not what oe Tris sald that the Od of ons of cet seen in all this demonstration. Picayune, Nov. 16.) Amorican Minister, had ad- overnment, epaoaing the order of the executive department to Gen. Twiggs, ‘im to all available means to tice from the United States las, os a and 3 at Altata—total 417, of a tonnage The Mexican rs have received the San Fran- cisco papers to later than advices, but they any extracts, or even to news. The Siglo refers to an Francisco Herald, of Oct. 1, on of Territory,” in which it is asser' the ved cipal men of Sonora and Chihuahua ar annexing those States to the that propositions have actually fect. “"it said thet Durango is in a fi en vagrlgetc he Ag to the most des are emigrating large dations of the audasity. United States, nambers tfaed to which, the carried on with in by id halt bel Tooe ‘alls, mile and hal low Hloosick Fi came hom from his work aboat six o’cloek in the evening; that there were & spree and ® rumpus, and that the neighbors were alarmed and went to the house, by his calling for an axe. On going to ‘he house it was found the woman's hull had been broken in, apparently with a billet of wood, which LA the spot where she was found. She lived until about four o'clock yeste: morning. Seni ie cer then? atin eo io was en re & magistrate, who, after making ancxamination Tete the efrommesnaaes ordered his commitment. Delaney was intoxicated when arrested, and the probability is that his wife wasin a similar situation when she received the fatalblow. He sse8 entire unconsciousness of having had any n to murder her, and alth. thintebegave ie blow oth Sas iot Trop HY") ave the blow wit! fist.— N.Y. Whe, ‘New 22 ? ; Postal Troubies, TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD Seoing inthe Heratv an allusion to the choap postage system, | thought it a fitting nity to Tevert to the frequent cecurrence exorbitant charges upon newspapers, and ugoless delay in the delivery of letters. Asa proof, | will give you a sample of my experience : rhe week before last | re- ceived per steamer the Liverpool Merewry, for which the carrier charged tix cents. Last ween | re- ceived the Manchester Guardian, & newspaper of the same size and weight, for which he charged only three cents. And as to the letters, | think myself very fortunate if | get mine two days after the arrival of the mail. On the 12th insiwat, | re- ceived one that arrived ip Boston per the mer pa, on her last trip to that port, as tb ton post mark Oot 30th. Ac my on, the atoresnid letter wa a o Bro i jourr I ily ping from bk, i ¢ t what the fiend mw { cheap postage may th ut T think h proceedings are ourcages wpe the public Ash condaet scatdalou k g your imperia eve of the public good, without farther ubsguibe myseit, Pao Boxy Puruics.