The New York Herald Newspaper, October 28, 1851, Page 2

OUR FOREIGN CORBESPONDENCE, anne REION FEMALE ARTISCS IN THE UNITED STATES— an MOVEMEN® OF LOLA MONTES. Panis, Oct. 1, 1851. Lola is toxing her preliminary gallop through the provizces before commencing her rapid run through America. Ofher start at Boulogne, a pa- per ef tat city says, “Never sinve ‘the first foun- dation of our theatre, bas the Salle de Monsigny seen such a rush and a crowd as on the three nights ‘of the début of Lola Montes.” From Boulogne, Lola left for Brussels, where she @anced with the same success; but where, as the paper states, an unfortunate director of the Hippo- drome came near beinga victim to ber indignation by offering her 6,000 francs to tase @ turn or two on horseback around his circus. From Brussels, Lola left for Antwerp, and ar- rived on the very day of the elections. Whether the presence of Lola, well kaown as the head of the Jiberal party in Bavaria, had any effect on the re- sult, we do not pretend to say; but one thing is cer- tain, the liberal parcy, for the first time within the memory of the Antwerpians, obtained a majority, and that of eight hundred. In the evening, Lola danced, and the theatre was jammed to the ceiling. ‘The first appearance of Lola was greeted by roun ‘of applavse from the liberals and hisses from the royalists. Discussions followed, and the liberals, finally losing patience, set busily to work and turned every royalist out of the theatre. Lola was then ealled for, and, on her appearance, received a three times three of “Vive Lola Montes.” She then danced, was encored, recalled, and re-applauded to their heart’s content; after which, she was allowed to retire—her carriage followed and surrounded by by soning populace to the very doors of her tel. . - ‘Toe best of the joke appears to be, that the King of Holland, frightened for his own personal safety, erthat of his kiogdom, sent a courier with a des- patch to say that strict orders had been given, throughout the whole extent of his frontie not fo permit, on any consideration, Madame J ‘om terse de Landsfeldt to enter his dominions. Lola Jaughed, andreplied that she was very much obliged to tae Lary | of Holland, but that she never for 2 moment had had the iatention. From Antwerp Lola left for Aix-la-Chapelle, | where the government was obliged to turn out a squadron of dragoons to disperse the disap inted crowd wi could not obtain admit- aoc to the theatre. The students, however, | waited quietly her coming out, and escorted her in triumph to her lodgings. From Aix-la-Chapelle, Lola penetrates the ene- | my’s country as far as Cologne, whence she will run upthe Rhine as far as Switzerland, dance at Ge | neva, again at Marseilles, and then at Lyons, on her return to Pari The learned critic, Amedee Achard, speaking of | the dancing of Lola Montes, discourses as follows:— | “One may have seen the dancing of Taglioni, Var- | jotta Grisi, Fanny Elssler, and Cerito, and not know the dancing of Lola Montes. It is something | bizarre and unforeseen, that has no pone in any | other cherograpby, in any other ballet. ith the | Countess of Landsfeldt the dancing is not an art; it is a phantasy, it isa passion; it is the dream of her { spring, and the esprice of her summer. She dances as the birds sing, without knowing why.” _ Lola Montes will make her appéaraiice in Ame- rica in the early part of December. Panis, October 9, 1851. ‘The event of the week, among the artistic and | dramatic world in Paris, is the refusal of the Prus- | sian government to permit Lola Montes to danee in | Germany. Lola had penetrated as far as Aix-la- Chapelle, dancing every night to overflowing houses, at double prices, when the police chose to take ex- | ception to the tremendous outbreak of public opin- | jon in her favor. The bills had already announced her appearance at Cologne, Coblentz, Dusseldorf, | Mayence, Frankfort, &>., when a despatch came to | her from the Minister of the Interior, announcing | that she would not be permitted any longer to dance | in Germany. The reason given was the tumultuous excitement that ber presence everywhere excited among the peeple, particularly the sccialists, who want evers- thiog in com nop, and don’t believe in pope or pre= | rty. PA gentleman belonging to the liberal party, and who ay @ high position in Prassia, writes to a friend in Paris on the subject, as follows :-— **The opinion of the people is so decidedly op- \ his band Koesuth bore a sed to the present policy of the government, that Fi'resembles @ volcano ready to burst; and it is the fear of an ebullition of a theatrical audience crack- ing the crust of the volcano, that induces the au- thorities at Berlin to interfere to provent Lola Mootes’ dancing in Germany.” How weak the continental governments must be, to fear the pretty face and graceful poses of a dan- seuse, in one case, and the misfortunes of an illus- tious exile and his family in the other! THE DUEL BETWEEN 4 NIGHTINGALE AND A SWAN. {Translated from Le Constitutionnel of Paris, Oct. 4 All sovereigns are - , it Beas mem possible to eount upon the friendships of the people than upon tbat of kings. There is no pop ity 80 well established that, in a single moment, cannot be changed into disgrace. Who would have be- Hieved that Jenny Lind herself had experienced that truth, and that the American people should show themselves as inconstant as they were at first idolatrous’ It is so, however; ard the truth cannot be longer concealed. Jenny Lind (who would have believed it t) has a rival. The nightingale is not more in- comparable. She does not reign alore in American hearts and dollars Another cantatrice sees also the people running to her, following her in the streets, overwhelming ber with ovations; another secs her enthusiasti: admirers besieging her staircase, stiflittg themselves in ber corridor, and run over by the wheels of beroarriage. There is the price of so many roulades, fifteen thoasand franes every Digbt, so many coneerts seat, and of so many wit of the papers of the U possible Lo ipo t 7 t twenty-five francs per terms in the eulogiu d States. Who i if the Yankees ates, has sung with so at several theatres of ‘0 or three years in London; upon whom the English critics could not express ap opinion, with out immediately receiving from Ireland a thousand or two challenges. Poor Thackeray narrowly os- caped his life, for havin his romance of Pen- dennis, adverted to the trial that took place a cen- tury ago, of a female prisoner called Hayes. An Irish paper denounced him as having maliciously sought. a true Saxon, to tarnish the fame of that cantatrice ; and associations of young men in all the cities of Ireland, determined to fight Thack- eray in suecession, till the latter had paid with his he insult he offered to the most melodi di hters of Erin hom they oppose to the canta- trice ole Union bowing at ber feet, end already there are found some persons whe think that une of Hayee is more harmonious than Lind, and Jenny to be vulg ties in that of Uatherine. Yesider, if pighbtingale, Catherine is aswan. Her fellow ou teymen have thus baptized ber, and that name will ays endure Why should not the Swedish gee oo ield the palm to the Irish Swan? Has not the ane celebrated reputation amongst declare the christ 7 tw the birde te wa daring mors the: were published, her portraits were exposed Eko cere, abd it was ‘announced tha! all of them ~ the strongest acclamations. Like her, sould soarcely gain ber carriage, and go to hotel where an apartment was prepared for hor day an immense crowd was standin, under the windows of the Swan, who was oblig to appear every ten minutes on the balcony, to bow, and sond kisses with her hand. A serenade was | epared for the evening, and Fantetrioe in vain re; abe r trav from the fatigues of be better to let her enjoy a la it be- ing remarked, that is was yy, and it was not well to profane the day of the Lord, the entha- 7 oy agreed to give the serenade on the fol- low! We Ber not say that all the journalists stand sentinels around the Irish singer, to notiee all her movements. Her actions are istered: peared at the office,” ** she . * she hes applented, such actors at such p: o8,”” ‘*she bas hidden under such a bonnet and veil her beautiful eyes,” ‘her intelligent and expressive face,” ** and herebony hair.” After the opera, the Swan returned to her hotel, to be present when tho serenade would be given. The sere was exe- cuted, was as unanimously attended, and as well accompanied as any of those given to Jenny Lind. It was given by the same Philharmonic Society which had so many times cheered in Broadway the name of Jenny d. That society had learned Irish melodies, just as a year peo they had studied Swedish airs. And in the middle of the crowd, es- corting the musicians, and applauding with enthu- friends of the she was oon weed ze siasm, and between every piece shouting tremendous hurrahs, it wags easy to recognise, torch ia hand, thirty or forty of the same firemen who burnt so much rosin in honor of the Nightingale. It is themselves the body guards of Jenny Lind—who night and the windows of the Swan. - Fallowing Danae, the receptions; numer ous persons solicited the honor of being presented, and proclaimed after their visit that it was che most calighitel day of their life. In 3 of the in- cessant tide of visiters, Miss Hayes found tine to 0 to the office of the New York Heraup, which Kraay Lind had also visited. But Miss Hayes was not only pleased to see the office, the parlor, and the library of the editorial rooms, she visited also the counting rooms and the aceon ect she exam- ined the presses, andasked some explanations about their mechanism ; she wanted to pass under aud upon the platform of the cireular press, in order to see it working. She desired to see also the presses which print the covers ot the Hexap, and the press for the theatrical posting bills, and she retired filled with admiration. On the other hand, the fortunate editor of the Heratp proclaims that Miss Hayes has a spirit full of wit, elegance and good taste, full of race, candor and simplicity, and that she displays in every thing, wonderful perceptive faculties ; he believed also it was but just to conseerate in her honor three or four columns; and the Nightingale, so much welcomed of old, obtained not a single ‘ine. The Nightingale has danced in a masked ball, and neither her costume, nor her hair-dres3, nor the | number of ber dances, nor the names of her cava- liers, have been made known. ‘The ies oe ray is dethroned, long life to the Swan! at let the ‘Swan take care, her turn may come: the list of the singing birds is not exaausted; Barnum is yet full of life and his purse full of dollars ; anda Paper an- nounces that Mme. Sontag will visit the United States next year Venice. Venice, September 29, 1351. The Effect of Kossuth’s Release on the Austrian Government — Progress of the Refugees—Their Execution in Efigy—Americans in Venice, §c. Austria is quite furious at the evasion of Kos- futh and his associa‘es, or, rather, their “abduction by Palmerston and the Americans,” as her people are proud of terming it. One would suppose they had became familiar with the idea in the lapse of the past twelvemonth; but they seem really as- tounded at the catastropheo—astoanded that any power, especially the feeble one of Turkey, should dave te brave the ire of their big bully, Russia. ‘The embarkation on the Mississippi, as related in their papers by a spy, was this:—On the 14th, the Hungarians reached Constantinople, from Gem- lik; immediately went on board a Turkish frigate, by which they were transported to the Dardenelles, where lay the Mississippi. Captain Long at once went on board the Turkish ship, and informed Kos- suth that he was instructed by the United States overpment to commit to his hands the sum of 15,000, and to place at his command the steam frigate ——e Kossuth then deposited ia- to the bands of the Turkish Commissioner a solemn promise immediately to embark with his fa- mily on the frigate, and sail direct to America. In ricolor flag, which he wished to plant on the Mississippi; but after earn- est conversation with the commissioner, the latter would not consent. ‘The frigate then got under way. “The monotonous falsity of Kossuth,” con tinues the account, ‘renders it quite uncertain, notwithstanding his pledge, whether he goes at once to America.” On the morning of the 21st, the frigate entered the harbor of Spezia. A letter from there announces the fact, but states that noue of the Hungarians would probably land, for fear that a reception might be attempted by some of their 30,000 coun- trymen in Sardinia, which would give Austria an eagerly coveted excuse to embroil herself with that government. The frigate was to piss eight days at quarantine, at Spezia, however. English papers, on authority of a letter of Madame Kossuth to Pulsky, insists that the Hun- garians are to pass a month in that country, before } eaaeanr to New York, and that Kossuth’s chil- iren are to be left in London, foreducation by Lord Dudley Stewart and his associates. All is uncer- tainty, however, as it has been from beginning to end of the affair. No wonder the Austrians had no idea of Kossath’s release. No one was certain in the matter, until it took place. In revenge for his escape, the Imperial Authority at Pesth executed bim and thirty four of his aseociates, on the 22d! The procession—infantry and cavalry guard—scaf- fold—hollow square—executioner—reading of the death warrant ;—nothing was wanting, except the victims' Thank God, they were far away o'er the pure waters, and under the | age of the stripes and stars! | suppose, however, they are henceforth to consider themselves oa 1» dead, dead.” But, ehould they ever fall into the clutches of Austria again—what then! Would they shoot dead men? The Austrians in Venice are very bitter against the English and Americans for tuis escapade. As one demonstration of petty malice on that account, Gorskowski, the Military Governor, notified all foreign consuls, on the 27th, that under a decree of the 2uth, he resolved vigorously to execute all the laws pertaining to a state of siege; and that ell travellers and visi who didn’t conform im Customs, costumes, mnversation and con- duct, to those requisitions, however odious, would. without exception, be put in arrest. This decree is Magne A aimed at Amerisans and Britons, large numbers of whom wear the forbidden red-republican slouched bat—white or brown—the Californian hat of the United States Is there a governarent in Christendom, except Aus- tria, that would be guilty of such nonsense asthe late executions at Pesth, and the late decree at Venice? ‘ome weeks since, I mentioned the violation of the United States seal, by the censor of this city Well, the ot day the consul received another packet, bearing, like the former, the seal of the De- partment of State, and that of the U.S. Con- eulate at Hamburg. It was avery largo and very suspicious ae document. (It proved to contain the “Statutes at large” of the United States enacted by the last Congress.) It wens into the office of re- vision, of course, but wae returned to the consul precisely asit came, Now, to the consul’s protest at the violation of the former packet, the censor re- plied, that he had the right to open all packets, and should continue to do so until ordered to de other- wise. The coneul rejoined that the censor could de as be chose, but that every such violation would de- mand of him a protest. So it seeme the censor has been ordered not to violate the seals of the United States governmentany more. Well, these A are becoming civilized—slowly, to be sure, but turely. Protests sometimes d . Cuba continues to fill the little colamns of the Aus- trian pa) The “Y no favor at the bands of the E this subject. The statistics published in aLp’s reprint of Mr. Webster's ing of the corner-rtone of the h ee la on § ion to the onpi- | givon to her cavalisre servente, Prinse Trabetskol, & bandeome Nussian of thirty. Her husband she supports at Paris. They quarrelied and es Jearsago. She hae a lovely daughter of about 6f teen; also, @ son of about ten, who is the offspring of the Prince. The inimitable dansense of former true, indeed, these firemen who had constituted hadadopted her colors—who were always ready, day, to accompany her and illuminate the city on her passage, were present without shame or remorse, waving their usfaithful torches under is now a plump, woman of 45. One a for a residence for children, and mother. It is con but not Tt has some splendid ov one of be enduredin Ame- rica in iS peivate are perfectly charac- teristio of a danseuse. ta are ** Omphale, Font 76 . ‘and Shower “ re val C. ’s Island, the ment of Paris, &c. &e., | 3 Ong ne being ee tence of life, and all nude of course. The Americans here the past week have been E. H. Ewing, Col. A. Kimmel, J.H. Price, and R. W. McGarrick of Tennessee, W. C. Johnston of South Carolina, H. B. Hays and H. M. McKnight of poy Messrs. Kimmel, Hays, and Mo- Kuight are bound for the East, as well as Mr. Low- ell and family of Boston, mentioned in my last. ‘The other four et to start for Florence, Rome, and Naples, next week, accompanied by the cousul = tl " “the ny lish aro here in battalions. [shall bo surprised if Gorskowski’s decree of the 20th should not cause some arrests ; for both English and Ame- ricans are excessively imprudent in speech and con- duct, to nothing of dress; besides, beards, gar- ments, aspect, are as red as can be imagined. ‘The equinoctial bas poured @ perfect flood on Venice. We have had @ Strocco for a week, and the pavement of St. Mark’s Place has been repeatedly under water. What a city! The Emperor—poor boy !—is having a most chilly reception all over Lombardy, and he is said to be eae wounded and mortified by the disappoint- ment. But what better could he bay ga The very papers which give enthusiastic and false reports of his progress, publish whole columns of names of Lombards convicted and sentenced by military tri- bunals for political offences! A poster at the st-eet corners from the municipal authorities, announces an illumination of the ito bridge, the grand canal, and the Veniee theatre on his return. Ho will, probably, also be honored by a fresca or pro- menade of gondolas on his arrival from the railroad station to the Piazza, which splendid square will, probably, be illuminated, as the preparations for such an event made a fortnight since yet remain. But we shall see what we shall see. ee The superstition of the lower classes in Venive is remarkable, considering the age in which we live. On Sunday last an image of the blessed Virgin, is supposed to possess peculiar sancti’ which is certainly possessed ot peculiar costliness cn aceount of its precious stones, was exposed at the grand altar of St. Mark’s cathedral! to the adoration of the people. This image is said to have performed many miracles. Among them is | said to have been its preservation of Venice from utter destruction, by its exposure to worship during the bombardment of 1819. Whether it was the same image which, by its exposure March 2Ist, 1848, worked the miracle of the massacre of the commandant of the arsenal on the 22d, as was then asserted, [can not learn. Multizudes of worship- pers thronged the church all day Sunday, and, also, on the two days following—the exposure being for three days. Nor has this seanatty been unat- tended by its miracle. For the past fortnight (as 1 bave intimated) all Lombardy has been deluged by the equinoctial, and the harvests and vintage were threatened with utter destruction; to avert this catastrephe, all day Sunday the Madonna was adored, and Monday morning the deluge of rain had ceased—the clouds were gone—the sky was clear and blue—ibe sun bright—the atmosphere delightful. The cause is, of course, indisputa! : Constantinopl ConstantInop.e, Sept. 25, 1851 The HAungarian Revolution—Interesting Corres- pondence. A most effectual answer is afforded to those who contend that the Hungarian revolution was an aristocratic one, and in behalf of feudal institu- tions, in the accompanying extracts. 1 have given them in a condensed form in the language of the writer. He was the agent of the British ambassa- dor, at Vienna, to watch at Presburg the course of events before the revolution broke out. As the correspondence of Lord Ponsonby, the ambassador, has been ridiculed, as showing that he depended for his knowledge of Hungarian affairs on the Cabinet at Vienna, the testimony to be extracted from his correspondence owing the thoroughly liberal character of the Hungarian revolution, is greatly enbanced in value. The book containing this correspondence is the Blue Book of the British Parliament, entitled “Correspondence relative to the affairs of Hungary, 1547—1S49. Harrison & Son, 1850.” The firet sixty pages of this folio volume are replete with matter similar to what | have extracted, showing that the Hungarian reve- lution was one for national independence, and equally against feudal institutions as against abso- lute government. No man wiil ever be ashamed, by any facts yet to be brough: out, of his sympathy for a cause like that of the Hungarians in defence of their rational liberties and the rights of the people in general. THE FOLLOWING ARE THE EXTRACTS REFERRED TO: Extracts and Analysis of sent by the British Minister at Vienna, Lord Ponsomlu, to Lord Palmersten, concerning Hungarian Affairs, in 1847 and 1848. MR. BLACKWELL To Lo “The liberal regard the’ part; e int line aa one of the of Hi jungarian nationality.’ “In the Inst Diet the liberals had, on most questions, amsjority in the Lower House, varying from ten to twenty-five. In the pretent Diet they have only « ma jority of two to four" (owing to the great power of the government to influence the elections) “ The pn 4 ment, as usual, is ina majority in the Upper House’’ (the House cf Lords.) “ The ccnservatives wish to effect » moderate reform in the exist institutions, in & manner that would strengthen the ties that unite Austria to Hungary. The liberals, although with professions of loyalty, wish to sever these ties and make Hungary an independent king- dom.” Mr. Blackwell, after giving the propositions of the Emperor, as king of Hungary, to the Diet, gives the address of the Diet in answer, in which we find the following: — “ Our preliminary and other grievances, which we have repeatedly laid before the throne, from Diet to Diet, still remain unredresred. Along with a tendency to set aside the influence ef the Legislature, a tendency to increase the power of the administration, is also apparent. Great and arduous isthe taek of coming times! It is ours to develope to the utmost extent our rocial institutions, grounded on constitutional rights, as well as our material Terources It ie of jount meceerity that @ Diet should be held annually at Pesth ” 11, 1847, four montbe before the French Repablic the causes that bave led to the Croatian agitation, with a jew of framing an act to remedy the evil. All the com mittee belong to the liberal party, Kossuth being chair- On Nov. 26 ecunties in Hungary, brought the question of general taxation before the Lower House. Up to the present time. the county rates and the war tax are levied almost This was November | “On | Nov. 20, the Diet appointed ® committee to investigate | exelusively on the peasants’ property. The nobles voted | to pay the county rates, conjointly with the non-nobles, by @ majority of seventeen. The proposition to contri- bute their rare to the war tex wae negatived by s ma- ‘ direct tax into the natioual treasury, was adopted by ® majority of forty-four On Nov. 2 & committee was appointed with w view of abolithing the censorship of tbe ” word noble, in Hu porsens estates or have studied ( eee ermal of ground, (thereby becoming oqurs. lent to free holders.) (¢) landless nobles, who are conse- queutly deprived of the clective franchise awd may be found gaining their Livelihood in all capacities Mr. Blackwell then gives the programme of the opposition. “The liberals, or the opposition as they are now erally called. after one of Ubeir quarterly meetings in March 1847, made known their views, declaring their many grievances against tria, they demand the following guarantees for the independence of the country —A responsible minis = Liberty of the Press: Union of Hungary and Tran- sylvania Publicity reapecting everythii public affairs They propose i made at the = present) Diet -—A system of eral taxation for a!) classes, nclie and non noble, out distinction; the co-ordination of the free towns; the ebolition of th moge ni [ Mr. Blackwells’ letter te Lord Ponsonby, Pros: MOR Ue eae Resin themes of thete gavanens, eat oa Poses the sony bs : b—~ ‘would by @ bh Imtntons Jegrees probably Province. the at which gnnirtine guy ed reat ‘rant tea the ns ona uoaaiy ba After much fruitiens disoussicn, Count Dee sewfly, one of the mest talented mea of the party, per- sanded them to sdmit the princij ie.” “It was finally resolved to strive te adjourn the measure.’ ~ have been taken ints consiceration by the delegates" The totlowing extract is given from the Governor Korsuth, in the Inet, on the grievance of the non-ineorporation of the Transylvanian coun: tics, which counties hed previously reveral times requested @ union with Hungary “AML these tranrection* fornish ue with a compact pro fof the tortuone policy of the government: a poiicy Cf which the lesdiog principle ie to deiry e¢ long #8 pow | rible phe fuibiment of the wher of the Hurgucmn | | der jority of fifteen. The proposition to have the nobles pay | Vitality, I shall dispair of my country.” From the same to the same :— bat the eifot af forcing the Honyarian lgitors t0 effect the Hu quit the tedious eateeets which the Dietal proceed: ings are conducted. It has been decided that a repre- sentation should be made by the Diet to his majesty, to intimate that the system of cy hitherto pursued must be entirely ¢! and in fact demanding a re- ble ministry of the liberal party. The conserva- ive members of the Dict have agreed to give their tacit suppor to this motion. Ve on the use of the Hungarian age vides that the H ae be Tan sia i. guage, except that Slav. counties may use their own lar guage or the tale, for as pears, for local af- fairs’ (This is the one and great mistake of the Huu- garian revolution.) ‘The following sentences are contained in the pres- sentation made to the py the diet, as given by Mr. Blackwell, under the date Feb. 29tn, 1548; “On taking @ retrospective view of our history, we sequire the sad conviction that for the last three cen- turries we have not only been unable to render our con- stitution ecpformable to the spirit of modern times but been obliged to use all our efforts for its maintenance.” “With the adoption of the principle of general taxation we have resolved to share with the People those public burdens hitherto exclusively imposed, for defraying the expenses of county administration.” “We have resolved, on the principle of an equitable compensation being afforded, to take the necessary steps for the liberation of the people trom urbarial service: * * © We areof opiaion that the time has com when our political rights must be shared with the peop! Our constitutional lite also requires to be developed ip a real representative direction, our intellectual interests dumand » support founded on freedom.” © We are moreover convinced that the laws which will have to be enacted for the developement of our social in- stitutions, as well us for the promotion of the intellectu- al end material welfare of the nation, can only acquire Vigor and reality when, for their execution, a national government, totaily independent and free from any for- eign influence whatever, be called into existence, aud whieh, in conformity with constitutional principles, must be a responsible government, and the result cf the majority of the people.” Notes on the document by Mr. Blackwell.—“Prople, in raphs is used for peasants.”” pment of consticutional life in a represent- ative direction,” means, ‘we require a real repres ative legislature, and liberty of the presy.”? “In re- questing bis Majesty to send viceregal counsellors to the b et, they, im other words, request his Majesty to in- trust the government of his kingdom of Hungary to responsible mipistry, formed of magnates aad dele- gates of the liberal party.” PROM MK, BLACKWELL T PoNsoxBY. March 15, 1548. mary of the pro- m the responsible ministry question, by which Xxcelleney will perceive that the magnates (House ot Lords) have, at leng:h, given their reluctant assent to the measures proposed by the delegates (House of Com- mons.) though, unfortunately, not until they were forced inte compliance by the revolution that has so unexpect- edly taken place at Vienna. * * * It is now evident thet the Hungarians must have @ bona side responsible ministry, liberty of the press, and annual Diets a Pesth YROM LORD PONSONBY TO LORD PALMERSTON, Vinwwa, March 28, 1843, ‘The abolition of the corve, or forced labor of the pea- sants, will, lam told, deprive the landed proprietors, all of them of one-third, aud many of them of one-half, their revenue from their estates. The proprietors will aleo have to pay certain taxes' to which they have not hitherto been subject. FROM MR, BLACKWELL TO LORD FONSONNY Mancu 19, 1848. I write # few hasty lines to say that the revolution is complete. * * ® °* They no longer vote by cout ties in the Diet, but each delegate has a free vote; delegates of counties, free towns, fee districts and chapters, without distinction. They have fermed them- eelves into a National Assembly, the magnates adopting nem con., Whatever they think proper to pass * * The | coreés, the tithe of one tenth to thechurch, of one ninth tothe manor, and al) other urbarial services, are abo- lished. ** A regular system of taxation for all ‘The Washington University. THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT THE INTRODUCTORY LECTURE OF PROFESSOR MOTT. ‘The medical department of the Washington Uni- versity of Maryland had its commencement in Baltimore on Tuesday, the 2ist inst. Dr. Valen- tine Mott, Jr., of this city, who had received the appointment of Professor of Surgery, delivered the introduetory address. It is interesting, and is as follows :— THE ADDRESS, GENTLEMEN:—Tofthe kind consideration of the gentlemen com the faculty of this university am | indebted for the honor of addressing you this evening, and the important responsibility laying beforo you those ples, which are to guide you in the practice of surgery, which, at the present period, has become one of the most important and intricate branches of the medical profession. It will be my duty to make you acquainted with the theories of men, beth living and dead, who have made an epoch in the advancement of surgery; and will leave to your own jadgment to embrace that which ou think most consistent. lastly, gentlemen, shall give you thejresults of what | have witnosse: myself, and trust that | 11 be enabled to make the hours we are destined to pass together both useful and agreeable. It is unnecossary for me to tell you how sincerely I feel the importance of the duty now before me, and how difficult it will be for me to accomplish it to your benefit, and the honor of this university. Tobe enabled to hope for suc- cess in my undertaking, it will be necessary for me to bespeak your co-operation, for it is only ‘by dili- gent and unremitting’ attention to the instruction it will be my duty to impart, and zealously pursu- ing a course of practical anatomy, that I can ever be enabled to fit you for tho important trusts one day to be confided to you as surgeons. Cast a retrospective glance on the past, and you will find that that which is now considered a noble science, was, eomparative'y, a few years siace en- tirely eft to the mercy of barbers and a few em- pyries. That might certainly be justly termed the * barbarous age of surgery.” In those days, when it was thought necessary to resort to the operation of amputation, not only was the unfortunate vic- tim subjected to the greatest possible torturs by the unskilfal man: in which the operation was pei- formed, but, asa species of bonne bouche, atits fina'e the stump was plunged into a pot of boiling pitch. Socommon was the use of the actaal cautery, or red hot iron, that on the arrival of the surgeon the irons were placed in the fire as a preliminary step to the dressing of asore. Wounds, which otherwise would have healed if left to the beau‘iful resourses ofnature, were stuffed with balsams and weeds, thus bidding farewell to all chance of adhesion. After a short period, so degraded was this science that it was considered beneath the notice, and | may say, dignity of a physician to practice it; and at last, in about the middle of the twelfch paca the clergy wore restrained by order of the council of Tours, from undertaking any bloody operations under this pretext, ** Ecclesier abhorret a sanguine.” And thus it was that surgery was rejected from the universities. It then fell into the hands of the laity, who were totally illiterate; and lastly, was delivered up to the tender mercies of the barbers. ‘This, the dark age of surgery, lasted for nearly five huudred years, when it was rovived by the writin, of Antonio Beneveue, a physician of Florence, ani by Ambrose Pare, the first and mosteminent of the ancient French surgeons. Since then, we have steadily advanced in that great and noble science, to the benefit of mankind; and what a different picture have we now before us! The knife has lost its sting, and the cold and death-like shudder of the patient into whose quivering flesh your knife was plunged, is now wrapt in the slumbera of chloroform—he lays a quiet and innocent vic- tim, to live or succumb to your r= fessional acquirements or ignorance. ith what pride we date our present era, with its discoveries inthe Arts and Sciences ; and we perhaps may hereafter be known, as having lived in the age elaeees, without distinction, is to be forthwith esta biithed. * * The aviticity lawa and the law of primo- geniture are to be abolished.” MR. BLACKWELL TO LORD PONSCNEY. Marcu 22, 1848. teg accepted jouse nem con On Saturday and Sunday the everything rent up from the lower They were in fact frightened, and some of the most haughty smong them might be seen conversing familiar- rd with delegates whom they had previously never con- jescended to speak to, The only persons the liberals bave to fear are the so-called half-spurred nobles, who must necessarily be disfran |, and who will, more- ever, have to pay taxes. FROM THE SAME, MARCH 23, fzem*res’s provisional law upon the press has been highly disapproved of by the Pesth republicans. * * * They want to establish a republic, or, at least, a monar- cby turrounded with republicen institutions. Col. John Mountfort, late of the United States Army died in Boston on the 23 inrt. He was in the engage- ments at Little York, (now Toronto) Plattsburg, and at Fort Nisgara. On Lake Ontario he volunteered and served with his men as marines, and narrowly escaped death from a forty-two pound shot. At Little York he received a severe wound from the explosion of the Bri:ish fort, which was blown up by the enemy, and which caused the death of Gen. Pike. He was also in the Florida war. He was three times honored with breve rank. Colonel Mountfort was a native of Boston, and his ancestry were to be found on Boston soil nearly two centuries ago, and his father suffered in Britieh prisons during the war of the revolution. Charles Frederick Von Wingard, Arehbishop of Swe- den, died recently. He was a son of « former Bishop of Gotbeborg, and at first intended for the army, buts severe injury from fire causing a lengthened sickness and subsequent physical weakness, completely changed his course. At 15 years of age he entered the Univer- sity of Upsala emd at 22 took the degree of master in | philosophy, being two years afterward appointed lecturer on eloquence and poetry at the university. In 1810, when only 25 years of age, he waa raised to a professor's ebai nd at 37, succeeded bis father as Bishop of the diocese of Gotheborg. In September, 1830, he was, by the unanimous vote of all the chapters in the kingdom, and the clergy of Uprala diocese, recommended to the King for the vacant archiepiscopal chair, and was at once appointed archbishop of the kingdom of Swe- den, (and vice chancelior of the university of Upsala For eleven years he discharged the duties of his high office. though his health was generally delicate, and he died in great peace at Sunnersta, near Upsala, on Friday, the 19th of September. The late Archbishop was s member of many learned societies at home and abroad, was extensively read--keeping up intimate ac- ation ee cant taka | quaintance with the literature of the day, especially the productions of English authors. He made himself fa- miliar with the missions conducted by English and con- tinental Protestant societies. In 1835, he mainly con- tributed to the formation of the Swedish Missionary 80- ciety, and not only offered no objection to the writer's appointment as foreign secretary, but, to remove dif fieulties felt by some as to using the Methodist chapel in Btockholm for the monthly prayer meeting, requested te be allowed the privilege of a visiter at the chapel, and led the way, occupying most efficiently the Metho- Gist missionary’s humble pulpit. In 1832, when Mrs. Railton, them Mies Scott, was on her way to St. Bartho. mew's, to take charge of the mission school there, sh® happened to be in Gotheberg at the time for holding the Mirrionary prayer meeting. The good prelate then bish- op of the diocese, conducted the meeting im the midst of steam. But, were | to wish to date my existence. it would be, by the discovery of that wonderful agent which has so greatly lessened the extent of human sufferings. It is your duty, gentlemen, to devote your time to study and improvement; it is your duty to become thoroughly acquainted with those intricate remifications of arteries and nerves with their relations one with the other. With what feelings an operator must approach the table around which weeping friends and sobbing children are con- gregated. A wife and mother clinging to the one to whom she has devoted her life, living, but, in that confidence which a surgeon alone can inspire; ‘‘and he, ignorant of Relative Anatomy;” with one slip of the knife, one errorin his anatomy of relation; he renders her a widow and has children fatherless. Imagine for a moment that you are called upon to tie the subclavin artery, which has been lacerated by gun shot; the perts scarcely distinguishable one from another; omo hyoid axilla, plexus ofnerves and arteries al} are altered in appearance, and preseat no- thing but a dark heterogeneous mass; there you might su| that the anatomy of relation would be of no serviee ; but thereare parts that you could ex- pose, say, the scalene muscles; or, by the action of the omo-hyoid in deglutition, which would at once point out your position, and, like the polar star to the lost mariner, ide you safely on your journey. You may all, for what I know, be ‘aware, that there is a carotid artery, a deep jugular vein, ani a pneumogastric nerve ; that the carotid artery, at a certain distance up the neck, bifurcates. but are you aware of the rela- tive position of artery, vein, and nerve, and in what manner to pass your aneurismal needle, so as to avoid wounding the vein? Yet thero are men who, without any other guide than “a pulsa- tion,” will cut down and attempt the ligature of this vessel. Is it astonishing that thoy sometimes tie the omo-hyoid? Do not enter into the study of your profession with miads bent on i—to few is allotted in our ranks the benefits of wealth. Bat, entlemen, we have it in our power to confer more jan wealth can purchase. ill money arrest the grenous sore, or save a leved friend from the five ‘of our common enemy? Whose hand only can smooth the pillow of sickness, or ease us in our dying hours! Devote yourselves to the pur- suit of science—visit the rich and the poor indis- criminately, and never refuse to assist a fellow creature in distr ether he be the inmate of a hovel, or the princely occupant of a palaco. Ke. member that the poor man will be your first and truest friend. To his judgmentof your qualificay tions, and his gratitude for your kindness, will be due your future suceess. For, unlike those blest with more abundant means, he can- not purchase your aseistatce with gold, and thus divest himself of all inconvenient ob- ligations. It is by practising our profession with these views, reg: g it as one of philanthropy and charity, that wo may claim it as the first in the world, and justly pride ourselves in following the footeteps of our Saviour, the first and greatest of physicians. The life of a geen is, perhaps, of ali others, the most tying. is sympathies con- stantly excited by viewing tho sufferings of others— his life passed in the daily contemplation of the miseries to which poor human nature is subject— d what to him is the most trying of all, ‘‘is to be a calm spectator of death’s steady march,” and unable to check it. What heart would not be filled, at such a moment, with deep and solemn otion More jcularly so must it be to the dical map; for in it is reflected bis own insignifi- cance, and he must, if not openly, tacitly ac- knowledge thi jpremacy of an almighty and all powerful Ged. Take ths operating room, with all its terrible accompaniments, the trembli! patient staggering to the table, from which he never may arise, lying down in all the confidence of your skill, resi ig himeelf to tho hands of his aker. What must be the foel- ings of that (if man he be), whose ignorance may close the eyes of his patient in an eternal of « large arrembly in the cathedral, and with « warm heart and s reaming eyes, adverted to Mise Scott's mie slop, and commended her in prayer to the care and blersing of God Hon Marmaduke Langley died in Yorkshire, England on the iat inst., at the age of 74 years. Count Reventlow. the Danish ambassador to the Court of Bt. James, died at Glasgow on the 13th inst. Lieut General Bir Hogh Fraser, the Colonel of the 15th regiment of Madras infantry, died om the 6th inst., at his seat in Cromartie, N. B.. aged "8. He entered the Rast India Company's service, in the Madras Presidency, in 116 ; served many years in India, had re the the im Ave Ld] Hi Sot et a sbire, ha neomly in Benttebire, Beotlena.” 98 B88 ‘The Cardipal Archbishop of Towloure Mgr 4’. erik He was born in 1772, Biehop of _ 1820, Archbishop of Toulouse and Cardinal in 1830, Privy Counsellor Schmidt Thiseldeck. whe formerly made bimeeif notorious by hie opposition to Duke Charles of Brorewiek. died at Wolfenbuttel, on the 234 ult., ia | the 85d year of bie age Ow the 4b of October, in the Rue Michodiere, Rowte. | vards Italiens, Patis. aged #7, the once pows broved Don Manvel 6 odey, Prince f Pam Be Mire Eberwood. the well-known authorees, died eud- ¥. at Twickenham, Begiand, on the 234 inet, in the Tih peor et ber 4 | slumber? Now, then, is the time, gentlemen, to lay down that foundation which in atcer life is to stamp you in the estimation of your professional brethren. Remember that there is but one supe- riority whieh we resognise in this free and happy country, viz.: ‘‘that where a man, by his education and talents has been a bene- factor to his race than his neighbor;” and at that shrine we are ail happy to worship; our jzement aie merely as us to attain a si ition for ourselves. It is not neces and should smile, that field is open to you all i ey }. he most charitable of professions? A more alieet an on the battle field, Ly against man in dead). sirife! where individual merit is measured by the nom ber of lives that he has sacrificed ; ‘* Doos not the duty of the ee stand forth in noble and beautiful relief? Does he not appear an angel ameng demons! And when the ery of victory is beard, aud all around is gaiety and giadness, feast- and fri , where is the surgeon? Why: men ; 5 haat severieg tint tres securing vessels, ami Ks “of tho wounded, aud the groans of the tell me what more noble ed in? ire Surgery, there are two ent ae dt nd a ht hs principles, bat un- vantages to jing. —And af 3 in ioe of ate wauient vis of course, fo on fortunatel , not the patient. Be vil practice, sur- roun\ as ho is, “particularly in e cities,’” with all the comforts and luxuries of lifes with friends and relations to console and comfort tient in the hour of trouble und afiliction! With advantages of the advice and experience of men whose talents, and position in the community (to say the least) removes from them that immense nemponalbDity, and serves as ® guarantee to the fomegeed and & consolation to the surgeon, that jus- has been dono to the sufferer. But how dilfor- ent a picture have we in the prastice of an army surgeon; deprived most always of those little com- forts, which, to the sick and wounded, tend to make life supportable; obliged sometimes to transport them for miles in the rear; far away from those Ses, which p seeme to coustitate war Nery being in e and uncongenial climate; even, dey riven ofthe Somme necessaries of life ! Hoos Roa uu, gentlemen, that the brave ans soldier, should requ tly, from moral causes alone, eS mortality ut t! are not the o1 disadvantages he has to combat with. His ‘d tieate, crowded together in some close, unhealthy spots subject to the opldoraies of the land; entirely at the mercy of hirelings, whose inattention often thwart him, in the very moment of apparent suc- obliged frequently to remain an ctator to that most terrible of all disasters, namely, “hospital gangrene.” On the field, ex- osed as much as the bravest in the army, he is leprived of that enthuriasm which carries them on to face the danger! Obliged from the nature of his profession to remain calai and collected, without the advantages of consuitation, and with all the responsibility of the life of a fellow being in his hands—he has to perform the most difficult and dangerous operations, viz : the liga‘ure of large and important arteries. His duties begin when a others are wraptin repose. During the day he is subject to the same fatigue as the lowest ia the ranks, and at night he is obliged to devote himself to the care of his sick ; so that the dawn of day may find hia prepared for the march. If misfortune and retreat should be the fate of the army, and all seek safety in Highs, “his obligations to his patients still exist; and ba must not torsake them.’ Yes, gen- tlemen. If he cannot share in the glory of the sol- dier, he must be his companion in distress. I pass over scenes which are fresh in my mind, and the memory of which, even at this late period, awaken feelings within mo no language could express, and which fall to the lot of the army surgeon too Ge, og to witness. Imagine to yourselves @ long train of covered wagons, slowly and cautiously eis eg the rear o! a victorious army, approach a city where the news had already reached; and the joyful peals of merry belie, is almost drowned in the shouts of triumph! «How suddenly the seone changes ;” “the ambulance is coming,” and as suddenly ag death itself the joy hat changed to gloom; the bells themselves seem no longer to add to the uni- versal gladness, but toll a death knell tothe hearts of widows and mothers. I would fail wore I to at- tempt to describe the grief that your presence has called forth, when, like death’s messenger, you are called upon to annouace to each her separate sorrow and afiliction, or, when obliged to wit- negs the frantic get with which a mother, or fond wife, presses to her bosom the mangled and crip- pled form ef the object of her love. You aro about, gentlemen, embarking yourselves with me on a journey of four months, during which time it will be my duty to demonstrate those intricate and pdb ponte regions which the surgeon is constantly called upon to explore in his fessional career. To some, perhaps, who are {candidates for the honors of this University more particularly do | address my advice, eieeery, to pursue “a course of dissections ; prepare yourrelves well in anatomy, for itis the foundation for both physician and sur- geon. No man should pretend to treat the slight- est affection whatsoever, if he does not understand the natural position of the parts on which he wishes to act, any more than to undertake to find his way across the Atlantic, when he is ignorant of navi- gation. Ignorance makes a man presumptuous, and what may be considered by come as boldness, is, in truth, rashness. Since the discovery ama- thesic properties of that ba blessing to hu- manity, chioroform, and the other, operatious have me more numerous ; not that the neces- sity is more frequent, but the knowledge of this agent has had a tendency to cause the patient to £ ive a willing and often incautious consent, to per- aps an unjustifiable operation. If, then, it is your determination to become surgeons, ground your- selves in this most important branch; and as the means are abundant, benefit by them, and you will teap a harvest of success. Be not carried — by avy of the idle pathies of the day, whether it be hydropathy, or perry or a man who would congert te trifle with human life, when me- naced by disease, with sugar plums or cold water, is no better than the maa who did not throw you into the water, but who, by his pretence of suscor, allows you to be drowned. The method | intend t> adopt, during the ensuing winter, and which I hope prove beneficial to you as students, will be as practical as it will be possible for me to make it, so asto enable you more fully to understand your subject. Ishall, in the first place, bring under your notice the healthy structure of a part, and on that build the pathology ; and, whenever it is prac- ticable, I shall demonstrate the treatment or ope- ration necessary to afford relief. As the time al- lotted toa course of lectures is short, my object will be to give you as many practical facts as pos- sible; and I trust that, at the end of the course, you will devote yourselves to the literature of the profession. My object will be to teach you—not to make a display for mere selfish put 3 and thus T hope to be able to fit you for whatever path it may be your intention to pursue, be it civil or mili- be ‘0 those of you who wish to direct their attention more particularly to gery I will take this Ms rig of — info ing them that my ambition will be to make surgeons of t not operators only. To teach them how to limb rather than to sacrifice it ; and thus instill into your minds those principles of that great ood man Professor (ioiman, who 8. * The difference between a surgeon and # mere aged is to be estimated by contrasting them. e surgeon inquires into the causes and removes the consequences of constitutional or local disease. The operator inquires into the willingness of his patient to submit; and resorts to the knife! The surgeon relies on the restoration of the health; actions by regimen: the operator relies on himseti, and cuts off the diseased part. The surgeon, reflect- ing on the comfort and feelings of his patient, uni-~ formly endeavors to save him from pain and de-~ formity. The operator considers his own im- mediate advantage, and the notoriety he may acquire, regardless of other considerations. The surgeon is governed by the pencils of the science The operator, most generally, by the principle of interest. One is distinguished by the numbors ho has saved from mutilation, and restored to useSai* nest, the other by the number of eri he hae successfully mado. The surgeon is an honor to his profession, and a benefactor of mankind. The mere operator renders the profession odious, and it one of the greatest curses to which mankind. among their manifold miseries, are ¢: af Many suppoee that to become a surgeon, it is only necessary to acquire a sufficient knowledge of pom sonoma enable you to expose the hidden mys- teries of nature, without endangering immediately the life ef your patient. They pretend to place limit to the amcunt of aoquirement p to po eo lp Rg med and to dictate as to what enters in! Province, and what proper!; to the physician. The day has goes ty nen tle distinction was rendered necessary ; and now it ie expected Low asi, surgeon should be his own physician, and thus repared for Minny lg a ensue from his operations Tho same laws that in the ice of medicine, must like- b: » for there are each 01 . not two ther it be located ey deep, is necessary to th ealth, of the gensral eoctonny e For the first and union formed was that in which we live not take a have our being ; and you can- or se) one of its several states thout ¢ the body 4 yards will bo somniony yp pede ay for substantial levee will cases meay s sion to be down. Several, pirvady Ci & new and proprietors have pro} ed extirpating their domiciles to esume, on The low by this fad dienster is-computed ty be vn: menecly great. Plaguemine (La ) Renting, O41,