The New York Herald Newspaper, May 24, 1851, Page 2

EWFERESTING LETRERS. Gar Southern Correspondence. Covumpia, 8. C., May 15, 1951. The Cotton Cowne The Sea Island Cotton and Rice, and Uplanit Cotton Sections—Slaves in a Cobion Fild— The Slave Systen—Coxton and Corn, Prospects of the Crop—The Santhill Region aut the Sandhillers—The Question of Secession—A Counter Movement to separate Skate Action, Sc. After passing several days among the cotton frelds and cottun planters, sandhill: and South Carolina politicians, these subjects are naturally Suggested us very acceptable materials for the daily mulange of a newspaper correspondence. With mere leisure than a writer constantly on the wing ean afford,we should sompile the facts and informa. tion we have collected into a sort of maguzine essay for the Meraid. But this sort of thing is excessively wupid, when news, or goseip, or polities, or any- mhing along the track of a bird’s eye view of the worid is so much the spirit of the age and the spirit of the press. At our leisure, however, we propose to give a broadside on cotton, from facts ad information collected in the cotton country; but, in the meantime, we prefer a dish of varieties, seasoned with the pepper and salt of South Caro- ina politics. The cotton all the ky anc ion of the United States com- athern country below Missouri, Virgini , ey of the staple are Mississippi, a, Georgia, and South Carolina. waperior artiele, with its fine silky fibre, known as sea island cotton, is limited to the sea-board of | Some ved in South Caroline and G Florida, and al bs fimon pure sea island co tio margin of Georgia liar pot-work of i it the coast of these > thirty iniles inland, ado hendred milos. All exy wland cotton inland, beyond the inflsences of the sea breever, hay the plants have been watered with sult water, and eneouraged by a compost, sunilar in its mical i r nds—sand, vege but the experi- be sea tton i dd South Carolin that nothing «) it but the sea al those light the sea isands have the full vean breexes. ‘The wan t country, sub to rfiow by! hb may be overfios yy aid of the ti or fresh water streams is the cice | wection. ‘The rice fields have to be overfiowed two water er three times di drawn of ag: the quality and qua Her low lends arc ad ing the season, and tl hb Carolina is eel ity of her produc ibly ada The tides ris: AX OF important advantage. Lubankm games to let in ond araw of the w or nearly al! that is required t So level are these rice lands, th salle! ditches which crorm them at intery a. ty feet, mo will very often sufi with water a yap b of nearly three inch coast region of S abe value of rice and the land sells for si ‘The upland cotton section extends from ihe b i ver the So The entire State of South Ca ved to eotton. The alluvitl di land a bundred miles or more Bas, covered indigeno with hard ne. se lowlands, a . Shere the water absorbed by the soil. The alluvi extends inland a hundred nof sandhills, (of which we shall presently othing: hen the rolling imitive country, wich ‘all its re @f bills, valleys, wountains, frech fi Paterfalle. m @fali ages, from fo to fifty, a dred claves at work plowing and be Ww aeingle cotton fiell. 1 > peing ho we tien, and wi Ae ther ps thi : men of keeps hie Saeafortably elothed, and fat ah the ful. But they are certainly the laborers for a hot cliu “The elime of the *ua, Mew he smiles on & where the work is well done." The women in this field, about balf the force, in- stead of a bonnet 9; t the heat of a sunshine whieli trembled over the face of the fields thin transparent blaze, had their heads bound up im bandkerchiefs, tuzban fashion; and their arms bare to the shoulders. Some were singing, others were couversing, aud, contrasted with tue tamished peasantry of ireland, or the maaufacturing popula- tion of England, of this same article of cotton, the seene was cheerful and comfortable. endurance of heat by the black race a matt ‘ise, on reflecting that on the co: of A © the equator, they require no r than a lubrication of palin oil over their ebouy skins. But bear the old darkie— *And be had ne eyes for i he bad no teeth for to eat de cern coke » he had te let de cura cake t+ In conversation with a planter, upon the evtton @rop of the season,"he saul thut he didjoos think there was as much planted in South Carolina this seasorr ua the last. The corn crop last year was rendored short by the autumn floods ; and the planters have pat in more corn this earon than weal, the supply tod. Inthe interior, tt ond they have to ore find it» anding cotton article. of last season being cahaue i selling at a dollar a bul Kat Charleston. Most p raise their own corn, uotw: better, and is always a cach in whieh it is good economy to have « carp! eorn on band ; and the system of raising the sary corn for the plantation oeneumption, is now Wy gencrally in practice throughout the South Rar informant thought the brea of land planted im eotton was not so large as that of the last , and that the season was three weeks bebindhas He says that the crop being thus put back by the ins and cold weath April. espe- i be bes fally yielde uy some bolls on the same plant ripen not matured sometimes til ce uswal aracd. while y Mer informant fu ther i his cotton the moment } ren down ov lie had had a holding or to get @ounting () short of coven cent 8 the idea of cult Slave labor. A vi« ear. A hired whiter 61 to $20 Phalanx on a better under a guiding aud is that, m the ma ¢ for, upon an expense of eighty tor, a3 white men could be upon $24), epon hie own hook. ‘The slaves axe divid feanilies ily occupies # eomforta house, with » pa los attach There patehos cout: al wo the money wr of th Tie hands cotton fie lds 4 k assigned they often a r three in the a oon, . th * “Une h » ‘No, young t Been cold too m * What does your master Sy * Dat's him, Ji a i 1 0, mast r fd \ rand y The sanchi torious race, for selves. Betwoen the primitive, lies ti sandhill region, from te thirty miles nding from Georgi Virginia, In thie State we f region hi wery thickly wooded ( out) wit imeipal wrowth of pine i ed into various f tort: of wih of numer whortleberry & white san of it can bo ps try ot the enn ter and idle ners “ the “tate, or tle Bie about them ry lit baskets, other , They make shingles an! wild berries, pine-knota, a ¢ a fow eueambers.and melons, in tag village; bay thew , including the border tier of | ‘the counties in the castern part of the old mother | eommonwealth. Tho five principal States in the + 0 produce sea | od. “The seed has beenplanted, | in a! e} bi % | roads, cotton Seaeons occur al | bief employment, and their chiefest laxury seems fobes jug of whiskey. Here, on the 1 we meet ily who have been to A girl te years ad with s coarse old fragment of a dress on, is setting upon the backbone of a mo skeleton of a horse, and the horse has the of a rickety specimen of wagon, in which is seated @ man, @ real outside walid barbarian, maudlin and ‘obfuscated with hind this, a og boy upon another skeleton of @ horse is coming. at an odd, oul low-wheeled cart the horse is pulling! aatner® site the old woman and her grown-y) iter, not on, apparently, except pa Baas bonnet and pro and dirty gown. The daughter has a basket by her side, and the old woman holds fast to @ suspicious-look- ing stone jug of half a (yer measure, corked with @ corncob. Your lite on it, thatis a jug of whiskey. The family have been to the village, with a couple of one-horse loads of pine knote, used for light wood. They have probably sold them 1@ a dollar, half of which has, doubtless, gone for whiskey, new they are going back home. De; ag they are, you see itis the man who is helpless, and the woman who has to take care of the jag, and conduct the important dition. There are hundreds of such people di through these sand bills. Yon see, the whole of this party are bare-legged and bare- footed. And how boney and brown they are! And it isa eurious fact, that in temperate countries, the children of all semi-barbarous white people, (except Sir Henry Bulwer’s black-headed or red-headed | Celts,) and all Anglo-Saxon backwoods, or moun- | tain, Or prairie people, have cotton-headed or flax- en-headed children. Burns makes it an item of beauty— “ Bae flaxen were her ringlete;” | » confession whith proves his belle to have been a cotton-headed infant in hor day. The children of | the Anglo-Saxon sandhillers (they lock like Saxons) are also red-headed. And the fecundit, | ofextreme prey iz anotherremarkable fact. ** | fool for luck, anda poor man for children.” But enongh. An organization is under way » | against separate State action in secediug fiom the the Union. A paper will be started at Charleston, another at Orange! mys and another at Columbia, | to sustain the plan of Tudge Butler, of waiting and consulting with other States upon a plan of eo-ope- ration, in advance of any movement out of the Union. They may do something; but the seceders } now hold the State. | P.S.—We leave to-day, to take a look into | Georg A totally different political atmosphere | is diffused over that State. They are too busy with | railroads and cotton mills to be particular about the aets of Congress or the abolitionists. Aveusta, Ga., May 17, 1851. Georgia—Politics of te Day—Now Or cn of Part The Question of Secession ect of South Curclina’s Proceedings—Move- in Alabama and Mississippi—Prospects of Divunion, or @ Scrub Race for the Presidency, §e. After spending several weeks in the revolutionary atmosphere of South Carolina, the traveller trom the north of Mason and Dixon feels a very sensible change in erossin, Savanna river into Geor- gia. Tis apprehensions, which were wrought upto the moet Imai ide into the satisfactory reflection that th not absolutely bopoless, afver all. He fo nge stealing over him as he getsinto the big Hamburg; as he crosses the high | hh spans the deep flowing river, the im- | pression becomes stronger; and while inhaling the thick dust a¢ he wheels into the stirring little city | of Augusta, be is convineed that even South Caro lina i¢ still in the Union. A Massachusetts Yankee , Would call this a smart place, doing considerable Dusines? in cotton, cotton manufactures, flouring wills, machine shops, railroad travel, merzhan- Augusta is, in fact, the result of rail- roads, factories, and such like innovations from the North. It bas a population of about thirteen thou- sand inhabitants; a few years ago it was an obscure village. Its principal street is 166 feet wide, and at ast two miles long, from the time consumed in walking it. Its whole appearance is that of a new and enterprising town, not yet finished, bat des tined to become one of the most important inland cities of the South. In South Carolina there are no visible traces of | the whig and democratic parties ever having exi-t- ; ed in that State, The State is almost unanunously | fo disunion; and the only drawback to immediate | secession is the party in favor of waiting awhile, to er Georgia and the other cotton States | not be drawn into the overt act of setting up a | Southern confederacy. A day or two among the poli pretty clearly illustrates the position o! poli- | ties in Georgia. The old whig and democratic parties are ahandoned—or, rather, the names are ; | lor, de facto, if no: de jure, both the old parties sub- stantia ‘ly are continued under now names. The State ( ention last November resolved that the ans here parties an | Georgia would be satisfied with the compromises, if | no other oggressions were made upon the South; but if the Fugitive Slave law should be materially modified, or if slavery should be abolished in tho | District of Columbia, thea the State of Georgia would be very apt t into fragment~ raise a fuss about it, and | ything that might stand | Jus Se, tho like in, | e position of Georgia. il- and all sorts pga tories, have drawn hor attention from political abstrac- tions to stocks, ceat per cents, business and trade. A strong infusion of “outside barbarians” among her population, owning no niggers, and opposed to niggers. has also contributed to modify very essen- tially her sentiments on the nigger question. They did, in the election of the State Convention of last sentially, by their votes, check the | disunion tendencies of that party predominant but a month bofore; and, for the time, the Convention broke up ani dispereed the secessioniets of the State ear, pretty on of parties here is the natu- t of the & instead of whig atic, we have @ Union party and Hights party. The Union party tal and s anve platform of the State Convention ovember. It is coraposed of the whig d 4 etmall portion of the democratic. As ow it overwhelmingly tue popular uern Nights party is compored of Confederacy tuen, gradual dis making up the resrved corps the ic rity. with perhaps the k a whig here and there. ia liece two new parties holds @ conventi tion of « candidate for Governor, me—the Southern Rights or demo the 28th of May; and the Union or the first Monday in Jane. Howell , rof the House, will, inated as the Union party have not ey have to build job of it to 8 <upposed 1 Stophens Cobb is ed to the that Toomt Union . unite te am was pieces n bawed | the res PARTY ReSOneT Thet the Constitutional Union pat Crawford recognize no distinetion ef whig or dem vat «ill mgain go out to bottle with all end way wh WIM Guite with them in defenee of the Union and Ooo stitution of thelr ancestors | Keseived, That we plant outeelter upon the platform | hailey tle Ccorgia Comyention, tag that noite? fran Nesolved | costed, $1. v principal; P. B.| go” affair. Never was ater bore hunted — Sen sines the Boar of ion, some tho of Resolved, The awards to R. S. Coxe, Eeq.,a¢ have 1s age. ‘The vote was very decisive against it omnes 8 been @ “Treasury, Depart but the Inthe louse, mruckt more so' than was expected. ‘Resclved, on money is to ro: in his ban 0 court | ‘There were several eauses for this. The of in- cdllliomen ifthe Ment makes a final decision, which it is supposed will be | juring the Western Railroad, in which tht State Pemeolee, both by Te tcgrtbhlé Aenpatch whish I tent you with en gg the power of their je wi sent you men. thers were averse in, into constitution agains: reference to the New York naval officership, 2p-| the bowels of the mountain oo such S del. Resolved, we, pears to have been misunderstood by those papers | nite data as we now have to the character and disunion will, who are in the habit of appropria ig your tele | of its contents! Yes a third set would have election, be presented to the graphic news. Lintanted to state, om by jay, ~ voted ogalog It had they been mae cartats sae rovision was made that office in case it to Aladdin’s Cave or Sin ’s Val tution against theenemies of the one and the the death of the Aasussbent Snloss by the appoint- | of diamonds, they being men of that sort who would fringers of the other. Resolved, That the interests of the South require the enforcement of the Fugitive Zlave law; that we ment of a successor, and that, consequently, Mr. Franklin received an act commission, which is striotly abide by the f the C mise, | merely to be tem} ‘until a permament appoint- and we demand a Tike stntieee a the part of the been be ee. collactorshi and most North. other offices, the law states who shall fill the office, Here are materials enough for a very interesting incase of a vacancy by death, till the eppointment contest. The P peg of the South Carolina | of asuccessor; but this provision, although existing Convention will only fuel to the flume, and be- | as re the absence or illnoss of the naval officer, fore the time for the nomination of a President | js omitted in case of his death; and hence the ne- comes, it is impossible to tell where the South will | oessity of the commission being issued at once, and be, or the parties of the South. E pending the selection of a permanent appointment. ‘While politics in Georgia und politicians are in a Mr. Kennedy, the su Pecotenh of the census, state of transition, Mr. Yancey, in Alabama, @ | sails for Europe in the Arctic, on Saturday next. thorough secessionist, and his party, seem to have wakened up a powerful reaction against the federal vernment and the Unien, a re action which scarcely leaves a doubt that the democratic party of ses State will be merged in a Southern rights arty. m In Mississippi, Gen. Foote coment exactly the ition of Mr. Cobb in Georgia. Hv is the candi- late of the Union party for Governor, and the two old parties are divided upon the same issues as in Georgia ; only the prospects of Foote are not wt all so flat ng as those of Cobb. Mississippi, like South Carolina, is more exclusively a cotton plant- ing State than Georgia, and hence a jealousy of an: invasions of the institution of slavery is wore uni- versal than in Georgia, where the manufacturing isons come iato direct practical conflict with avery. To sum up the merits of the case, where are we— wives is the Boab =to four leer cotton re | whither are they tending! ‘l'o the same ond— i A ti ial same object, for the same ultimate purpose. They i m0 with ar 8 Lid i ane im beaded are tending to the formation of a Southern confe- | 0 favor of a system of reciproc bd 8 We deracy party in Georgia, Alabama, and Miseissippi. | the United States and the Provinces, believ- ines ag be by Pag pigsty Deroais “eng that it would rovalt to the advantage of cedes, tl the other cotton States will in- | ‘ . “tte “a volve them Peeviably fo her cause—if she remaing |! parties, and assist in accomplishing the in the Union, she will only perhaps be the vetter | bigh destiny of the North American continont. enabled to secure a combined movement for seos- I cannot say that he brings any new argument to sion and & Southern confederacy. Meantime, from the dislecated and mangied con- dition of the old parties in the South, from che potential power of the ee yr question, and the eek pric naeieten of the et my feroed wel! worthy the contideration of the country. iaries of the North, we cannot expect the Seuthera “ P . ‘i $ = States to pledge themeolves either to tho Philadel. | __Ithas been stated in Canada papers, thet Sir hia, Balumore, or Buffalo nominations. Short of | Henry Bulwer is negetiating a treaty with Mr. jisunion, our only hope ie ina scrub race forthe Webster, which will confer on the British proyince* Prosidency. The whigs may eicct a domceratio | the benefits sought by the reveiprocity bill; bat [ Governor in Georgia, and @ nondescript for Missis- | doubt exceedingly whother there is any tru at fippi; but they cannot very well put op ® Sir, Grampton, the acting Charge hore provious to Presidential nominee, who car uccecd in both see- | gi, Henry Bulwer’s arrival in this country, on he platform of General Taylor. deavored to indues Mr. Clayton to enter into a di- present indications in tho South, and inthe North, | pigpatic arrangement of the charaotwr aliuded to; there must be a scrub race, und the democrats have a the Secretary of State declined to enter into @ majority in Congress. Tho true policy of the th discussion, on the ground that ae it had already South is to make ita scrub raco; for nce in the | occupied the attention of Congrees, and had not Hout of Represontatives, they can dictate such | been disposed of by thas branch of the governmont, Se ee secure the safety of their | jz would not bo proper to interfere. ‘The matter og mtione. ‘ : ;.., | was accordingly dropped. Sinco that time, the DP. 8.—Neafie, the tragedian, Mason, ditto, Mise" }iouse of Senate sia refused to take up the Richardson and o:bers, forming the company of bin and it is, therefore, exceadingly iiaprobahle Adanis, of Charleston, aro porfurming now ia AU- | My, Webster will foel disposed to negotiate a treaty gusta, to fashionable andienves. upon # basis whieh ono branch of the govorumeut has already so recently dectined. The statisties appended to Mr. Audrows’ re- port are very voluminous, and will probably extend to 700 page#. Sowe of these posress per terest, as showing what benefit we might nat y expect by the passage of a “reciprocity” bill, in the shape of the ono which hay been pressed upon the attention of this country. That bill provides for a free interchange of cortain articles, the growth and product of each country, and then provecds to | enumerate breadstaffs, cattle, aad lumber, but ex- shading teas, coffees, sugars, manufactures, &c. Thefollowing table will afford some idea of the value of such trade te this country :— AND VALUES OF THE ARTICLES WurcT PAD AND, ALR, THE PKI GOODS, WING THE COUNTHY ¥ROM Wassineton, May 23, 1851. Report on the Trade and Commerce of the British North American Colonies--Interesting Statistics connected therewith—The “Reciprocity” Schenw, &c., Fe. Fe. In compliance with a resolution of the Senate, of the 6th of August last, requiring the Seeretary of the Treasury to transmit any information in his poeseseion with regard to the trade of the British North American Colonies, a report, accompanied | by tabular statements, compiled by J. D. Andrews, U. 8. Consul, St. John, New Brunswick, was sent | in by Mr. Corwin, jast before the close of the late LI ion. Mr. Andrews has reviewed hig eubjeot at great | bear in favor of the moavure of “reciprocity” | which the Canadians have offered ux; but he shows that the trade could be a very important one, and shington Correspondence, Wasiineton, May 19, 151 Payment of Awards under the Treaty wih Mexwo-~ Bonds Filed with the District Attorney, and Pay- ment of the Awards in certain Cases Stopped, Se The payment of the amounts awarded to olai ants by the Board of Commissioners on claims, commonced at tho Treasury Departmont on Sataréay, in the usual way, by drafts on the A+ sistant Treasurers wherever the government has funds. In certain casee, however, the payment ef these awards has beon contested. Under the act of Congress of the 3d March, 1849, ‘to carry into effect certain stipulations of the treaty between the | not allow the State to build a railroad to heaven, supposing that euch a road had bocihvlemonstrated as pra . (Mem.—That the chief objection that would be raised against a celestial railroad would come from State street, the frequenters of which would have no interest in what would be the other terminus, their abodes for the future bei permanently arranged for the exactly opposite di- rection.) Other men, who are liberal enough in their ideas, were net ready to risk the credit of the State in favor of an undertaking that no individual capitalist had shown the a oe disposition to back up. The security that had been offered was wholl: lequate to the risk the State was asked to take. In the transactions of ordinary lifo, the security is thought to be none too high which amounts to two dollars for one; but in this particu- lar case, it was expected that the reverse course should prevail—the State receiving as security pro- perty, at the utmost valuation that can be Reet upon it,not worth above the half of the two millions it was to endorse for. This was cool, certainly,and shows that some of abe Le0plt of the western part of the State have very notions of what govs to the borrowing of money. Let them come into the Legislature with, say, three millions of property in their hands, and the State will not be backward in endorsing their paper to the amount of two millions more. It is said that his Excellency the Governor was greatly delighted at tho rejection of the bill, as he wag thus saved from the exercise of his veto— always an unpleasant power to have recourse to. The Congressional contests are going on with great animation. The hunker democrats of No. 2 are to held @ convention in Salem next week, to ainst Mr. Rantoul, It is that the nomination of nominate a candidate | unlucky for Mr. Rautou! Mr. Phillipe, an old hunker, for Sheriff of Hssex | | county, was rejected by the executive council, om i] eo | though the Governor hastened to bind HP wound thus inflicted by making Mr. Vhil cm a bank commissioner, the said wound yet drops blood as often as a frev soiler or coalition democrat oes near to the sufferer et their bands. Mr. Phil- ips was rejected, it is gencrally understood, be- eause the coalitignists wish the place for which he was nominated to be conferred on Frederick Robin- of in some quarters, as the next coalition candidate for Governor, there are people so suspicious and wicked as to insinuate that Mr. Hallett and Gen. Cushing were regularly ‘ sold” by hig excellency, when at their request and urgent recommendation he nominated the gentleman foe the office whi he woald not get; and that Mr. Phillips himself was ‘sold and sent home” by the Governor and in other words, it was @ sort of * good ood devil affair,” in which it was sought to th hunkers and coulitionists, the Goverzor and hie councillors perfectly understending the matter. The effect has been rather injurious to Mr. Kantoul, but it ix quite impossible to say as yet to what extent. There is a very strong deter- juination to elect him on the part of the great ma- jority of the democracy of his district, nud the tree soilors are, ae you bave seen from the action of th convention, unanimous and most zealous in avon. please i In the fourth district, the free soilers are laboring yery har to effect the elaction of Mr. Paltvey, Among their lecturers is some of the meetings, is said to have given epeci. menus of what was thought to bo a not very good kind of tewperance. }-ven Ralph Waldo Emerson has ** taken the stump ;” he who cou!d hardly soil his fingers to vote heretofore. He devotes bimself to analyzing the character of Mr. Webster. Moral character, he says, the Secretary of and as to his inte! lect, none of hia spéeches or writ- ings will ever take a place in the hitorature of the country. It is lucky for Ma. Webster that he has 80 magnificent a ply or the great giant trans- cendentalist would blow him away with a puff of his breath. Horace Mann, too, is in the field, he wanting Mr. Palfrey’s aid in Congress, to play the devil with the compromises. The free svilers expect to elect Mr. l’alfrey straight out, they believing firmly that the democrats will support him, now United States of America and the Republic of | copag. 1" Mexico, of the second day of lebruery, 145,” it | Melasseas. «.. was provided by the Sth section as follows :— Coffee... | “ That in all cases arising under this act, where | Tobeece- any person or persons other than those persons in | whose favor an award has been or may be wade, | * ee shall claim the amount so awarded, or any part | Gra) = thereof, and shall, within thirty days from the pas Ani on sage of this act, or from the date of the eaid award, | Butter. ..... oe notify the Secretary of the Treasury of bee of | ao “wo 7 their intention to contest the payinent of the same | Mes: ‘= 3h as awarded, and shall file with the District Attor- Candi - 2 ney of the United States a bond, with good and | }a' aio 7S sullicient security, to be roved by him, for the | — San oo ingen of the costs and os arising there- | ae m, the amount so awarded, and the payment Pts.» — aan of which is contested as aforesaid, shall be | tron and — &, and remain in the treasury of the United States, | Woo! 2, “ subject to the decisions of the courts of the United | ie States thereon; and thereupoa, the said party so | 1 Shall betas Morty to als his GUN fer vat, end ix: | sre = tha at liberty to is bill for relief, and in- angie junction, in the Cireuit Court of the District of Co- | 7! seeds — lumbia, nm the principles whish goveru courts of equity cr on Pianslion thereupon granted by | the court, shall be by the Treasury Da- partment; and the said case in equity shall, there- | ‘ upon, be conducted aad governed in all reepects ae | in other cuses in equity.” | ‘Total tees goods... 3 fanaes In compliance with the above section, the follow- ——_ —__ ___ -__ ing bonds have been filed with the | nited States | Totals. ...... snetecee 1,680,002 48,917 1,242,805 61,826 District Attorney for this district, and their pay- | It will be seen bythe above table that sugar, ment enjoined :— molasses, tea, coffee, tobacco, iron, hardware and John Baldwin—emount of the award, $71.490; amount , cotton form the principal articles which the United contested, $71,400; penalty of the bond, $35,000; George States send to Canada; and yet these articles Douglass, Fdgar 8. Van kle, principals, assignees Of are wholly excluded from the “reeiprosity bill.” » Parrott; Wiliam 8. Aspinwall and Edgar How- | ‘This js exclusive of the articles in “bond,” which bene, cuneties amounted to over $400,000. But the most conelusive evidence that euch a moa John Baldwin—amount of the award, $71,400; amount — contested. $71,400; penalty of the bond, $30,000; Samos | sure ag has been popers. would, like the handic of a pitcher, be all on one tide, can bo seen in the « Broom, principal; Wilson G. Hunt and Joseph Stuart, | ia, “John, Belden—amount cf the award, $5242 67, and | table which follows, and which shows the value of the goods mentioned in the reciprocity bill, which $105,452; amount contested, $5,042 87, and $105,431; pe- nalty «4 the bond, $60,000; William H. Avpinwall, Williem | we now import from Canada, and the value of those we export. The difference is so pa as at once ¥. Howland and Samuel Byerly. principals; Henry Chan- ow to show the utter inconsistency of t sed ery and Edwin Bartlett we pro Ciimuncey. Child and Hezekiah Child—amount of the | 1°. tlurn, unless greatly altered aud liberaltaed.. ‘The following ix a stavement of the imports from, a. $8,096 60; amount enaterted $908 00; penalty of th ; Corneline PV ; Fran- 4 ; te Dk sens Aaren @. Boyton, ud 5 Conte, ome and — to Canada, of similar articles, showing t the values of the annual exchange at different points, of the same Frodacte, for the year 1849:— edrticles —— Velue —— ried. Exported. an ‘dinand Clark—amount of the award, $84,746 29; smount contested, $3,004; penalty of the bond, $3.00; | Charkes Staun! wincipal, G. A. Jarvis and Jas Ko- | ber-on. earetis Ferdinand Clark—amonnt of the award, $86,785 29; amount contested, $16,228 00; penalty of the bond, $7,514; de Pieh, fresh, salted. and dried ? Vieh ofl of all kinds . Lauber, timber, ke Stephen KB. Glover, principal; Kustell E. Glover and F. | Furs and skims............. 23 Freeman. curcties | Ashes, pots, pearls, and salts, 2s, Ferdinand Clark—emount of the award, $80,796 20; | Pork, beef, and bacon... 6... 6606 amount comtested, $16,000; penalty of the bond, $7.900; | Butter and cheese... . 4. Wm, W hester, principel; Wm J Stewart and wi Horses and other animals... aU 5BS ? | Wheat and fleur . 1355 wt of the awnrd, $86,756 j . beans wie penalty of the bond. $6.00; | Clover, grass, and othe: seeds. . Chas. I. Dougherty, prineipal; WN. Dougherty and 7 . H, Fowler, sureties | Our Enstorn Correspondence. vitae, Ky.—On Ferdina ‘k—amne Re May 17, 1863 m Was eXperic amount ¢ ed HM, beTON, May 5s, 4 ity and vicinity, which in violence has $20 00 Clark, peim Mr. Sumner’s Letter of Acceptance—The Bore Slain seldom n equalled. Tt was accompa ¥ i i 2. ee Wink wat lo Fr >| ates othe cnet, 4.908 Os convent _ = The Congressional Elections, 8-5 §¢. pile vars ghey wind alinost blowing hrs 16 66 The lettor sent by Mr. Sumner to the Prosident minutes n ie of hall ones Of the be kWell, primetpal; 7 | of the State Senate, accepting the seat in the na- tional Senate to whieh he had been chosen, has been | real by everybody, and haa hat a ve cellent | } p pal; C. De Betd effect. It shows that, however strong may be th nasignee of Mee a ce, pemsiay a eh boos Wikiam | Dew Senator's hostility to slavery, he ie a firm friend { Jud r neipal; BP. Judson and teo, J. 8, T of the constitution, which instrument he will do his | son. sureties utmost to maintain in ite purity. It may be said W. W. Coreoran, assignee of B. It. Williams and Jo« H Lerd—amount of t 2 S10; penalty of th but pot # promi that it is very ensy for a man to prow altogether so enzy for him to perform ru, #1545 amount cor fe hond $480; Cormelti and F. A. Dickens, privcipale; AO. Daytomand | viic is vory true in iteelf, ae no rmall number of Union Land Company''—amount | noteholders in State and Wall etroots have had oo- | of the award, $58 10 amount contested, $3 600; pe : a } OF tne ete deka. gunen, Weady 7 i painsigat, | easton to find out; but Meg summer's charneter is a CB. Colgert, surety sufficient warrant that “Would vot say what he tae oe caren gust | dNinot mean, and that what he says ve will do. His} nalty of the TLompeva, prineipal, | faults are uot thore of @ political hack, who pro CW. Ceivert. surety mises all things with as much facility as the eourt Wilitam 1 Seumner and Geo, Custi«, i everything he wanted to “ the he Iveston Boy end Tr xe* Land ni whe breaks them os re averd, $00 unt aitew the bond. $29.09 Stephen Whi K well moaning meg IF Oe ee ones | 2VON mame nwho have been droad J Phillips Vhoenia and | o* - - ing the gou their stomachs e Mr. Sain contested, $6,200; penalty be bond $3000; A. If | last twoor threedays. The poor sonis were of opin Lawrence, prinetpal; Ava T, MeWilitams and’ Menry | thatt elect had in his possession new i | Naylor, eureties 4 formed am: whieh he proposed nt, J.D. Levynmonnt of the award, $5,576; amountoom | to send the government nt Wack urer | ted. 90rt; penalty of th bond, $17 PB . heaven taan it will ever be Tk } principal; das, 8. Carpentict Jolin F. Callan and 1A caee at taieen ane.4 (he award, 442970 70; amount contested. AITO TO ' fools thomeeltos, a halite ef the bond $1.800: W. IL. Mortis, priv " it M i} & chepentier. dobn F len ead DAH - such cone ont h bing a 4 at of the award f reflection mevely ! have, vente per alty of 1! 4 With the ous avtuteness of 1 } and Bi. 8. Van Winkie, principal ponsée in the Lett afva alty of ioe cwnte J he du not rhowh o sradiont hen pol JF. Calter and | bos letter! Wt why for Solomon t not happen (9 be bern ia our day, of hi win tof teaward, | for Wisden gould have heen merged in that 240; amount contested. $12.022 00 penalty of the | Sacra ch k Ng a ho. 3.1, Fink, principe! JM Chabd and | jy chat no «u amanor i lea ether. | mther @ t ab ve executor of Part Lowtan aan yint of | a nw ap ny robe Fog | ie ws Se A ed by ol that a plurality law exists, and somebody must be elected. ‘Toa certain extent they may be right, but not entirely so; for some democrats will vote for Mr. Thompson, in the hope of thus preventin, Mr. Palfrey’s ele and Mr. Frothingham wi. not run much behind the usual democratic vote. In point of fact, however, the fate of the district is in the hands of the whigs, and if they come out on the 26th as they can come out, their candidate will be chosen by 4 handsome plurality. But they are des- perate slow coaches at times, and often become aware of what they might have done, not until the day after election. ure will probably rise on Saturday next. The Finance Committee have reported in favor of issuing State scrip to the amount of $100,- 000, the whole ays deficit being estimated at son; and as My. Robinson i: thought a good deal | State has none; | Opening ef the Canadian THE GOVERNOR GENERAL'S SPEECH. Yentrday, a3 ry M. ba bas the ; A . M., Xee) Governor General ded in tothe + os ave of the lative » The re of the 1 e Council being assembled, his Excellen- cy was to command the attendance of the Pasesd at Legislative Assembly, and that House being present, Ais. Fgselioney opened the fourth session of the ‘liament of the Province of Canada, “Honorable Glontleaen Of the i a lo Gentlemen of ti ve Council,. and Gentlemen of the Legislative Assembly, in Ping’ meeting you in the diseharge of our logista- we ae it 4 me pd cee ne to con- gr on neral prosperity of the Pro- vince. The Top ast year was pike eg The revenue from the customs, and the trafile on the provincial canals, are st inoreasing, and the sceurities of the province command 4 price. Tho effect of recent changes in the Imperial navi tion law is also beginning to be felt in the twore fre- Ceo resort of foreign shipping to our sea-ports. is alleged, however, by persons coni with the shij interest, tha t certein: provisions of the _ immigration act are unfavorable to the extension of a valuable branch of our import trade. The ye is an important one, »[ recommend it your consideration. Under these favorable circumstances, the improvement of the means of internal communication has recent- ly engaged a largo share of public attention. in ay parts of Western C: capital has becr applied extensively and with much udvantage by persons interested in the several localities, and by others to the construction of good country roads, and measures have been taken in both sections of the province with the view of pressing forward im-~ portant lines of railway, Parliament has given apghel its disposition to afford to undertakings of! is description, which are calculated to be benefi- cial to the Provinces such aid as can be properly given to them without impairing tho provineial credit or encouraging improvident speculations. } feel confident that in any further legislation which you may sce fit to adopt on this subject, you will adhere to the principlos of this judicious policy. A. considerable increase in correspondence has, [ am happy to inform you, taken place sinee the now | postage law came into operation. This fact, which» | nishes conclusive proof of the advantage aceru~ ing to the community from the measure, warrants, moreover, the expectation that the receipts of the department will, before long, recover from the do- i eseion consequent on the adoption of groatly ro-- | duced rates of postage. Under the operation of the measures which havo beon Agen 4 adopted by tho ‘\ Legislatures of the several North American pro- vinees, the inter-colonial trado is assuming propor- tions of inercasing magnitude, and promises to be- come a considerable branch of our industry. [ shall lay before you a despatch, in which her "Sinjosty's principal Secretary of Stute for tho colonies eubmits for consideration a proposal for the construction of a railway between Halifax and Quebeo or Mov- treal, which has an important bearing on the sabjoct ‘The dispute respecting the boundary, which has beenso long pending between Canada and Now Brunswick, bas been productive of mush ineonve- nience to both provinces, aud of uo small hardship to those interested in the territory which isthe sub- ject of conflieting claims. In accordance with a suggestion made by the Secretary of State, I re- quested the Lieutenant Governor of New Brans- wick to meet me here last autumn, with a view of arranging the Cectails of a scheme of arbitration for the settlement of this question, ‘The report of the arbitrators who were appointed in pursuance of the agreement ¢xtered into at thattime by the govera- ments of the two provinees, will, | hove reason to believe, be presented at an early perio With the | concurrenee of the Executive of this proviner, | mission has Leen granted by her Majgety’s | tial government to the government. 3f tie Uni: States to erect a lighthouse on the Hrsg | Lake, in the ara river, at thy outics of LL: | Br i ly to prove highly advantageou= to the shipping which frequent those waters. [tir | yet too curly to ‘P ak With confidence of the result» of the great exhibition whieh is now being held in London. Frei the reports which have reached me, | however, I have reason ty hope that Cawadian pro- ducts and industry will be found to have been not unworthily represented on thisintoresting occasion Much credit ix due to those who have exerted them- selves for the promotion of this objoct. Gentlemen of the Legislative Assembly:—I bave | received a communication from her Majesty's prin- cipal Secretary of State for the colouies, which I shall lay before you, intimating that her Majesty hag been wed to receive very graciously the ad- dress on the eubjoct of the clergy reserves, which you entrusted to me for transmission last session, and stating the views of her Majesty’s imperial go- vernment on the subject of that ress. 1 shall direct the accounts of revenue and expenditure, and the estimates for the year, to be lawl before you; and I rely on your making the necessary provisions for the exigencies of the public serviee, aud the maintenance of provincial credit. Honorable Gentlemen and Gentlemen:— 4 mea- re will be submitted to you for effeeting a redus- m in certain chaiges provided for by the civil list act of 1846; and I shall lay betore you the cor- respondence which has passed between thie govern -ment and Secretary of State on the eabjeet. Tagain recommend to your econrideration the im- portant subject of an increase in the parliamentary representation of the province. The expedioncy ot $112,102, of which $47,102 belongs properly to 1551; all of whieh might have been penne ahr Legis: lature adjourned on the 10th of April, as it might have done, and still have performed all the real business of the sesrion. ‘The blundering boobyixm displayed in the mismanagemen’ of the senatorial question, has cost the State $50,000. CoLonna. Correspondence from the Atlantic Ocean, Srreamsmer Niagara. Atlantic ret Off Cape Sable, May 15—J2 M. Bowyer, the Great New York Police Officer, going to the World's Fair—Wilkes, the Fugitive Convict, on board the Niagara wnder a False Name. James Gorpon Bennett, Esy.— Dean Sin:—At 12 M., yesterday, having east off our lines at East Boston, we dropped into the stream, and, after getting under fall headway, fired one larboard and one «tarbonrd gun, the report of which brought on deck George Wilkes from his hiding place where he, no doubt, lay shivering and shaking with fear lest Bowyer should discover him and hand him | over to the ofticersof justice in Boston. He has trans- seed the laws of Massachusetts by his numerous ibels. When he first came om deck, he looked at VHowyer and, smiled, secmingly inclined to offer his band, but Bowyer scowled and looked as though he bad just come from the Tombs, ready to — minal. Ilis passage ticket was in the homas Lisle, having purchased his ticket, he stated, for a gentleman of thatname. The Los ton police had no knowledge of bis appearance in | that city—if they had, be could not now be on board the Niagara, but, perhaps, another craft, which liee # anchor in that eity, as 1 understand there is an indictment in there against him for libel. Ie told a gentleman, ince he came on board, that he d Howyer would discover him before the « in which event he would have | had hin We have hada pleasant time, oo far, and expect to arrive at Halifax by twel o'clock t . amending the schoo] and municipal laws of Eastern € ermey in Foe Of _e details, mo =ver of se- curing, in a more auople manner, for tl rovince, the Denebits whieh theee enactments are achigued te confer, will probably engage your attention. Ax pn Pr ger eer AS be gee “ aud popalation and the authority of the loc: rliament is extend- ed and confirmed, the Teeponsbbilities which attach to the members of this Legislature become necessa- rily more onerous. The people of Canada, while they justly appreciate the Ng tg of an age pel ck pg are attached to their institutions, aud ithful to their early traditious, and J am eontident pay ag ks yor endewvor,in humble reliaace on vine blessing, to promote in this spirit | their best interests. 4 STRiKINe Exurnrrion ov JnaLousy i Bosvoy.— About 5 o'clock yesterday alternoon, the promena- dors of Washington street—and the lovel quality of the atmosphere, a glorious bright, beautiful, and bewitehing May, had pied forth an unusual number of charming women aad gay ands eos men—were astonished out of thetr thet) yy the appearance of,a spirited horse, ‘abd hand some buggy, driven by a gentleman, seated alone, and ng behind, with @ nervous graep upon the body of the carriage, a bewutiful and elegant! dressed female. w geatieman drove along wi: the utmost noncha! ding ribbons and guiding the horse, blood,” as he is, at» v ‘The lady be ve or cight mile gait. hind stuek te her perilous and uncomfortable position, with the courage and hop eg of e fermiuine Spartan, ai we have no doubt she ix. Some few philanthrophie and Fog gentlemen attempted to stop the horse ; but the mass of beholders of this novel exhibi tion seemed reoted to the sidewalk. The driver occasionally touched up his animal with the whip ; and looked to th ht and left with evident sur- prise at the sensation his elegant “ turn out” war creating. On reaching Dock are, the lady, ex- hausted with tho effe ing to the vehicle, her dress torn and disarranged, lost her hold and fell upon the pavement, She was immediately raired by policoman Philbrick, aesiatest by soverst gentlemen who witneseed the affair, avd the crowd becoming exceedingly large and was con veyed to the Murshai’®s office. fasiowa he gentleman drove off, or rathe viderstuud, ook # roundabout cvt to thy «l pat up his was the gentleman ja come to have } Rotated: By ey, BF t was feared, would beat in the roofs of the The course of the wind was from the west | force being confined to a | ect in width, and swoop. | A new brick | whic n Wy whirlwinds of completion, on yeou th end Thirtcenth | as ley ground. Th | swept off the dwedings of Jon Fulgiler and Mr. Singer, on Seventh street, b mn Green and Walnut streets, and taken some 150 feet over the tops of trees standing in the front yards, and lodged | jo the middle of the street. Mrs. P., with her twe | little ebildven, were im th of the ho the time the roof wa + aod he tersor sened the children au of ther whe the very % The ga the ob on the eppe Pulwiler portions of f anda stable , adjoining, jast in the reas of the th stroet church, Y ail directions. } ¢ the route of | ieee Were uprooted and that th ad track f at that the cars were detained three hours in clearin awey the rnbbish betwoen the eiry and f r A portion " {va treet, be a dor ot fell i t, lying » point | senk dur storm, + at the lower eity whorl, wae forced from hor muoringe, breaking her youd drifted up to the point of the creek Sb wounvercd the Fourth street wharf boat in | her pourse, and shattered ity upper works very | ot damaged it. The #veame ry sove we expect to hear of nany more ditasters Lowrrevle (Re) Cowie, May 19. supporting that he war geing to take anwir- ing with anther woman. Le, onghis part, deelaree that he did quot “know that any one was bahind hie carringe, ard more we pecially his wife. | ment, we aro incline ink, true pov on An extraor: ry of“ pluck,” and, we think, would muke a der in introdned the Bie g jonser i rodacing, s Afier = brie stop at the 3 rc and she was conveyed hnme 4M Love ann 1 in Delaware yestord named Linton W a ju —A singalat suicide eoowrred A young mat yours ofage ait good cir throngh the nthe yw i He had dressed himself © than usual care, and y Uiurds with a ai i what time it waa, when bi bat it war Wo’elook. Het the ere, be would be it at Igo out of t expeete 0 weth pail road oy Sapporing the remark ts ho made in pe e person to whom iy is wont? probn v hove thought of it again, hed it not proved Jie Went fiom the Iiliord room to Wie occ, and was engaged in trimuing some bal- lets, when # young man in the oflice is aved what ose ho intended to make of thes, te waieh he ¢ Hed, et a loul—t d——<d fool man alen capposin fe gun io # few moments » the barenyent Vig (hthed in upou thy alarm being given, amd foawa tho. post Vietia etretehed pea the door, brentivued Wie tet He had thet himself torough’ tye h with his rifloplacing the murzle to his foreh ing the breech pou the winde ” vs he was a y push the tri of thie rath act altrroutod tim wor devotedly ettneied te ed with w but uot t od whe e hrew wae hopelew Bat © few | Minutes after the commission of the Tutal act, lelegraphi¢ despatch eane aneing that rhes wie was innovent ease of teach, Was expected to survive bata short tite. — Columbus (Ohi) State Sowrna’, May VW. drosed te hint, ane