The New York Herald Newspaper, January 13, 1851, Page 1

WHOLE NO. 6057. a AREA EE AES A yp . MORNING EDITION-----MONDAY, JANUARY 13, 1851. , j - ' “ merchants who ha this asrived from 8 . = Interesting from Jepan. err iT Comm. amor Counett. % c ; {NTERESTING FROM CENTRAL AMERICA, cente, which place they left about four i fen hye ‘From the Honsiuly Friend, Nev. 1) BOARD © cen oeaie EN. jaicols troops from Salvador and Honduras have invaded Ohi-| Several shipwrecked Jepances being in Honolu- | Jan. 10.—This Board met at the usual hour, M. Mor. atid quimula, commencing hostilities against this republic, | lu, we requested one of them, who acquired | g8ns, Prosident, in the chair. : Blockade of Sam Salvador by the British. | of‘Gaivaacr by the naval forces of bet ricacaig ore | O2 ¢xcellemt knowledge of out language to make | Or sony Lact enn Tey of aire No, 2 usa accompanied by one o: countryme! iy penewel of Pi p L] pe) J ession, as voluntary as it is unjust, | lately brought hither. We shall first introdues po RA CR commen. Sg deying [oe ernment had heard through other | OUr readers to the interpreter, John Mung. This i man 8. Price + een tw NEW STRATAGEMS AT TIGRE ISLAND. 80" 8) ' ry from the foot ot Fourteenth and Forty-second weal pi atv the Rate we SaleZa,| omens ua untanbted and woes thy | weiter montanes ati Si ‘ ivador, w i ial where ‘Proclamation of the President of know how to appreciate as it merits. But, in | had been c and where they had lived for is Fulton mo hearsay in Si aliicons dc ofa ment believes that it ought | days on sea fowls. They were brought to Hono- | _ Communication from 8, M. Dyckman in reference to San Salvador. $0 gall sor shonin ba Abie partieular, as the conse- | lulu by Capt. W. H. Whitfield, of Fair Haven, | the Russ pavement; referred. Sacer in which the natlon you Tepreseut are interested, aca | Who then commanded a whale ahip in the Facihic. | xin giland’ recommending to the, Boerd that sairebte atrial ay further desires that the official ts of 4 ‘our of the number remaine ere, one ving Mostilities between Guatemala and | miss ay ko eat i com | Untied Se ee be eatbed Nhe l0.hs | Watblogon, wich var rere t's pei age DC) e - San Salvador. munication ‘has requested me to inform | poy that on trade, and eujoyed a goed opportunity for ig to and oakley, et Alara Breen, Chapman, Raw, pee bis part he has taken, and will sentinee iosuing te soho), His e moation is highly respectable ie ae Communication from Collector of Asressments, eabar lor the security of the persons an jas been one whaling voyage and then with the | nominating Jas. Ackerman for Deputy Collector of CHATFIELD AGAIN IN THE FIELD. | propcty of native and strangrr; snd sokony that | multitude went toCahfornis ‘There not succeed | Atreumente Im piace of Porter, wecigued, which be ' » | ing to his expectations, he came to the islanda, i nomination was confirm § ‘Will be Sivoeable & ts anh operon Ue onsteins. dulging the long cherished hope that he might ob: on Streets and Lamps, on TROUBLES IN YUCATAN, PEDRON.ARRIAGA, | tail a passege to his native shores. It is his ambi- coord pate eensiivepuesthaean et cie &c., &e., &c tion to command a gunk, and navigate her with | spproprintion for cleansing the streets for the last The brig Masardis, Capt. Hampton, arrived at this port, on Saterday, from Balize, Honduras after a passege of twenty days. She brings several Californians, who came through San Salvador and Guatemala. Annexed are their names: Faweett, of New York city; John Morange, of do,; Samuel Gray, of Michigan; G, Sanner, of ‘lvania; W. H. Hickox, of Obio—all from Cali- ‘We have received by the M. files of the Gaceta de Guatemala to November 22, of the Gaceta del Salvador to the 15th of that month, and of the Honduras Watchman to December 14. The news is of considerable interest. On the 28th of November, the President of the republic of Guatemala, published a proclamation in allusion to the invasion of the department of Chiquimula, by a military force, from the State of Salvador. After having spoken of the injustice of this ex- pedition, he adds :— I have thought Poadtaed to inform the representa- srenet foreign nations, residunt in this cap’ toh ane dri tothe republic, that an invasion was intend- «ed it the territory of the Republic, and I am all will recognise the justice of Guatemala, tae ey 4 of this attempt to trouble the peace of the country, by declaring an unjust war. The following translated from the Guceta del Salvador, of the 8th of November, are the orders ot the blockade of the port of Acayutla, and the transmission of it to the goverameat of Guate- mala :— Os noann ov H.B.M. Banx Campion, ? Bay of Chiriequin. '{ Sir—The Port of Acajutla, and all the coast of Sal- vador, ere blockaded, on socouat of the difficulties samy es dhe be the government of H. B. Majesty and the Btate of Salvador. Will you inform, by a proclamation, the inhabitants ofthis measure? Iam, &o, ERRISS, Commander of the British squadron in Central America, The Gaceta del Salvador, of the 19th of Novem- | ber, has a long and powerful article on the causes of the unjust blockade of the ports, by the English consul. It passes in review all the wrongs inflict- ed on that country by the English, on futile pre- texts; and says that the British government seeks only an occasion to take possession of it; but that all the citizens are upon their guard, and they will pao permit a foreign nation to trample oa their nights. On the 23th ot October, the President of Salva- dor issued a proclamation, addressed to the people of the State, and to all Central Americans. We translate its principal articles At last, the Hogiish consul has declared hostilities, and blockaded t! orts of Salvador. Itis @ great iniquity, which deprives the State of its own resources, and is calculated to bring to its children all the evils inseparable from this state of thing: The consul believes that the State ot Salvador is in- habited by an African notion of justice and functionaries recm to L Ages) of slaves, having no it and for which the English ave no consideration ey think that force is necessary, and their wi'l and their interests form the entire pretext of right. This is the mspner in which your government, your country, and Jour rovereizaty. are treated on thie pendieg ques- ton, and the rencorous revenge exercited upon you, not by England, or by the British government, but by its agent, Mr. Chatfield, who, during his loug sojourn in Guatemala has embraced the party of the enemies of Salvador, and acts with it, in spite of his duties as an agent of a powerful foreiga nation. After having spoken of the facts already pub- lished in the New York Herald, relative to the difference existing between the two governnients, the President of Salvador says :— Pellow citizens, it is im ble to submit ourselves ‘without conditions, to fore! pear as slaves. e have left the count thers im order to acquire liberty and glor; we bend under an odious yoke, impossible an Tetween people of diferent 07 , and obey the will of @ consul through his te, his chastisemente, his hatred of our fundamental laws, his politics towards Guatemala, and his desire for the ¢i-union of the re- ablic 7 "i of thie unhappy, but great aud honored coun- | try, we will oot abandon her in this calamity. We wi mot betray her and leave her to the insults of “oreigners, and under the yoke of the taction of Guate- male. You see in this blockade, Guatemala placed under the power of the Hnglich consul, It is the signal of a tenet struggle between foreign tyranny, combined with the traitors of out coun’ y andthe nati Lia dependence of all the free States. Tae hour has come Our independence is threatened. Dut youare oltizens, children, and soldiers of this dear Cay! We will not desert her, and will be always ready to figh it in her detemee. DOROTEO VABOONZELOS, Bax Bacv avon, 24th of October, 1800, AFFAIRS IN GUATEMALA. From the Honduras Watchmen, Nov. 9 | We ith ult. aispersion of t on the —! ' = troops, under the ¢ they have seattered over different parte of the Btate A party of about forty men entered San Raymundo, under the command of one of tho principal leaders, Geronimo Korres, where they sined tor about an hour, and committed several excesnes. The roads from Yaabal to Guatemala app: to be mush more seoure | and sate, ns the post arrives to and from these plac: with much greater regularity. STATE OF GUATEMALA {From the came Paper, Nov. 90.) It ie with regret that we percetve, by accounts from this State, that peace and tranquillity yestored. By dates which we bi r *(h inst...we find that the moun leing subjugated; for with the asristanc instigation of the Ban Salvadoranians, they still their unlawful warfare, ond keep, jet: id disorder. Fro i remaioed laces. and cxutiny mall villages Colonel to the elty ot ' rete Fg gy a je mount fee Jalaps ‘On the tet inat., by an officla qimary fanuel om the ai operations alencin and communication from dant general of Vera Pas, dated the 2ith ult, it ts kaown that the day be- fore, the turbulent Indiane of Sante Cron endeavored to surprise the garrison at San Geronimo. but were re- sllvd, being opportunely aided by forces from @alama. ian were pursued, antil they buried them- selves in the mountaine; fear were killed, and eeveral wounded. Be By communications from the magistrates of Chiqul- muh and Jutiapa, it is Known that two parties of re- pellioniets, of about one hundred men each, rome of them atmed. were making thetr way towards the fron- there of the Btate of San Salvador; it ie anoert whether they are fying from the pureait of the covern- ment troops or got fot more ammanition and other implements of war, to continne their incursions agninet the pesceadle tow ver of rt ve had the additio ral ° 00 joraniags, cor of Jutiaps, commenting c imele party, rnd completely row fo, it ts eaid, lot some nd one D ago Gonnales, formerly ly taken prisoner; from this, it fs the eame old Chiquimala gein If there partice are firma the foars that were ‘ween thet State and cod, will, Ho really Salvadorenians, it con- dof a breach be Js, which being now vubdt, lead to ® crael and sang wir ary war bitesen them, p The Honduras Wirteiman of Dee. 1, gives the annexed documents :— Rovian Gs dee Affaires of Great Britain and F4 oece one the Voneul General of the Hanseatic Towne Prussia and Hanover Rarrowat Parack, Goatestara, Nov comes: It in twelve o'ctoek in the morn! overnment has just beea informed by #01 Reply of Her Britannic Majesty's Charge des Affaires. 1p Gtaremata, Nov. 19th, 1850. Pevro N. Arriaca— Bin--I have the honor to acknogledge the receipt of your note of yesterday’s date, im which you commu- micate to me the aggression im@femded to be made againes this Republic by forces s!ected on the fron- tiers of Honduras and San Salvador. In answer, I have to sey, that this news has caused me the greatest concern: much more, as it appears thet it is wished to connect this invasion with the ac- tual blockade of the ports of San Salvador by the na- val forces of Her Britannic Majesty, on account of the — breach of faith of that government with Great ritain. AsI had before, in conformity with the oficial docu- ments of Honduras and San Salvador. news of the hos- tile intentions ot both governments againet the terri- tory of this Republic, which cannot do less than expose the eemmeroial interests of Great Britain inall the country, I have to inform you, that in anticipation. I had taken the ogee opt | steps to announce to the res- ective governments of San Salvador and Honduras, t Great Britain will not look on with indi invasion of the Guatemali forces of the States referred to. T have the honer to be. &o , FREDERICK CHATFIELD, From the State of Guatemala we have received the Gazeta of the 22d ulto., by which we perceive that the menaced hostilities between that State and Salvador are assuming @ more warlike aspect. By the translations which we give in another portion of our our readers will be better able to judge of the at country. The war against tho moun- ill comtinues raging—a serious skirmish about the 14th ult.,in the mountains of Changuis. between the government troops under thi command of General Cerns, and the rebellioni: The bulletin from which we extract our information after four hours hard fighting, inwhich our § and officers behaved with their accustomed valor, the enemy were dislodged from the advanta- ich they oecupied, leaving forty-nine y-seven muskets, twelve STATE OF YUCATAN. . [From the Honduras Watchman, Dec. 7.) Yucetan, from what we can learn, otek my ba it ina worse position than ever, as the Spaniards have, ap- pears, already commenced wrangling among them- selves. Daring jhe short armistice which has taken place with dians, the people of Merida (no loubt supposing that hostilities were at an end) again wished to assert their independence of Mexico. Those of Campenchy, on the other hand, are opposed to such ameasure. The consejuenae is, they | come to | loggerheads, and an outbreak being expected, some of the garrisons stationed in the interior. @ been with- crawn. It is also stated that until thivpeiat i» finally settled, Mexico has determined to mawmscin a strict neutrality, and positively refuses fo mals any further advances. The Indians taking advantage of this rup- ounced upon them on or about the loth of No- vw r, iu the town of Tecash, took them and burnt nearly all the hou: dred left dead. on the field, besides and the taking of two hundred and seve * arms, The Indians had only six killed outright, and ht wounded. * 5 time, prior te commenctng with renewed energy. It is fearful to japon} ate such @ state of things, and fully manifests and bears out the old saying, that even & worm, when trodden upon, will turn round and sting. The Indians, in thia State have been held for years in the most abject state of slavery, and ruled with ® rod of iron; the yoke which they hare had to wear bas at length proved too galling, ehd they have rieen to resist the oppression and tyranny from which they bave euffered. DEPEAT AT TRCASM. [Prom the Honduras Watchman, Dee 14} From Yucatan we hear the most distressing ac- counte, The news of the defeat of the Spaniards at Trensh bas been confirmed, and it is expected thnt ere long Bacalar will fall into the hands of the Indians- Colonel Zetina, it appears, has fallen out with the au thorities, and is at open war with the Spaniesds, Under such circumstances, the Indiant must, and will, assume the ascendancy. Ali that they require is a leader, to gaide them on; for force, they have suficient, being almost ten to one. AFFAIRS IN BRITISH HONDURAS. A house of Mr. Temple, the Chief Justice, at Moho Kay, has been pulled down by a mob, who were instigated by a Mr. Farqukarson’s suspension from the office of Clerk of Kecords, at Mr. Temple’s suggestion. Mr. Farquharson, at the end of a year, has had hie post restored to hin. ‘The brig George W ashington 12 announced torun as a regular trader between New York and Batize. ‘There is a rumor at Balize that a Governor is to be appointed over the island of Raatan—the late | history of which locality has recently attracted | much attention. CALIFORNIANS AND AMERICANS AT Balt | 1ONDU- RAS—IMPORTANCE OF THE ROW 1S portion of the Uait- their be As no vessel bas offered for an oa States, since the arrival ot ¢ iggings, they sue, no doubt much r than they anticipated. These gentlemen left 0 fornia im a tailing eel. with umber ot others, | smounting to upwards of 200 individuals, bound for Realeje or Panama—but being out of provisions and water, bw into the port of Acajutis on the Pacific, Tire id disheartened with their forty of the number left the verge! Acros the agreeable variety in ce of # thourands ot miles. ye to become ally known, db ween st doubt it and a te fi this and would be ward bound travellers would avail themerives of ite advantages, se being the shortest and met expedi- tions way of getting back to ther homer and their | friends. Were the efforts of some of the intiuential members ot thiscommunity te be used im facilicating the transit of gers through this place, and pro- eT accommodations m: for them daring their stay ere, Balize would reap t! benefit, in having anin- creased circulation of money. ai consequent im- provement in its commerce and revenue. The party whe are at present in town are rullering from ‘of proper xecommodations, and t! ae ccatiy bet jar communication es lew Orleans, there ts not t their journey —two great evils, which emedied by any enterpriring company, wil rofit and advan’ themeelves It is idle fraying there it toenter into euch # epeculati though true thet few or no visiters | down to the Worce: eferred to all othirs, and that all home- | ever honor us with on chance occasions, yet the reason is obvious— there ie no induce ment for to do ro, for the want both of poops conveyances, and the necessary accommodations. We think that, were t iment tr Ave country, through this T PD) noe of Fo strangers in our litte town, is quite refreshing to the if com: pany api to be fully appree: by th babi. tente, ‘om their quiet. mild, gentlemanly snmand the respect af every individual in the settle: nd the parting with some who have had (he pleasure of their eequaintance, will, ne doubt, be regretted, Tuer Coat Trane ror 1851.—The quantity sent by railroad this week is 27,725 Oltons. The trade is principally confined to the line and Broad street, for retail in Philadelphia. The stocks in the dif- ferent markets are light, but dealers will not pur- chase except for their immediate wants, knowing that the prices of coal in the spring wiil open at lower rates than they closed at the end of last year.— Pottsville (Pa.) Miners’ Jowrnal, Jan. 11. Post Orrick Orgrations ~The Postmaster Go. neral has established the following new post 4, Tae ending Jan 4, a tay “800, estchester, . mee sll, Posty, Tradeaville, Westchester, N.Y, Walter Oa Poot master; Suspension Bridge, Niegara, NY ,’ Toho P. Collier, Postmaster; North Potsdr im, St. Law- renoe, N. Y., Rolin Ashley. ; compass and quadrant, end show his Japanese countrymen that the ‘outside barharians,” uader- stand navigation—which science he has acquired sufficient for all practical purposes. Would that his fond wish might be gratified! On Mr. Mung’s arrival in Honolulu, he learned that there was a fresh arrival of his shipwrecked countrymen, and for whom he is prepared to act as interpreter. By his aid we learned the following facts rervecting the Japanese taken from a junk, he i Clark, ofthe Henry Kneeland, oa the 22d of April, in 45 deg. N. L., and 155 deg E. L. Teenzumolly was the name of the junk, com- manded by Capt. Kusky, with Mr. Kekuzero, for mate. There were thirteen, all told, on board the junk. We may aswell state that, Kelcuzerc, the mate, has furnished us the minutes from his “log,” and we have no doubt he has noted down the facts in true Japanese nautical style. But to protect Mr. Mung, acting as interpreter, and + Kekuzero dictating tohim. The Teenzumolly was owned bya soldier or nobleman, in a town situated in the S. E. side of a small island 8. W. from Niphon. The name of the island, our ear was too dull to catch the sound, although a part of the neme we aver, was Nipung—. The town is twice the size of Honojulu—the people are farmers and fishermen—only two junks were owned there but a plenty of fishing boats—rice is the principal roduct, besides all kinds of vegetable products. ‘oth junks were owned by the Honorable Mr. Soumung. The Teenzumol ny had taken a cargo of rice to Yeddo, dischar, the same, received payment, partly 1 silver an prey: in paper money, (we have seen cpecimens of both—as for the paper money, it appears as well as any we ever saw,) and started on her homeward passage, ordinarily of only three days, but was overtaken by adverse winds. Their supply of water was exhausted at the end of sixteen days, and their rice at the end of twenty- six. They were then reduced to some refuse fish scales and occasional showers, but by the merciful care of Divine Providence all were preserved un- til, at the end of sixty-six days, their junk, rudder- less and dismasted, fell in with the i Kneeland, Cept. Clark, who took them all on board his ves- sel and supplied their wants. They cherish the most grateful feelings towards Capt. Clark and his ship’s company. Subsequently Capt. Clark deliv- ered 8ix of them to the Russian authorities at Petropaulaski, under the promise that they should be retumed to Japan. Two were taken by Capt Sherman, of the Nimrod, and two by Capt. Divoll of the Maringo. There is an impression abroad, that Japanese, if taken back to their country will be put to death. Weare positively assured by Mr. Kelruzero, through the interpreter, Mr. Mung, that this is not the fact. He asserts that should any vessel take them back to their ve village, the inhabitacts would re- joice to the vessel, and would put on board a supply of fresh reeruity, without charge. We hope soon to learn that some man-of-war, merchant ves- sel, or whale ship is bound thither, on the benevo- lent errand of restoring these unfortunate persons to their country and home. Referring to their home, leads to the remark, that seven of these ere married, and their families reside in the village where their junk wes owned. Our Yankee propensity of asking questions was wonderfully emcited in our interview with Mc. Ke- kuzero, for we found that he could furnish much valuabie information reepecting the Japanese islands, and the customs of the people. The fol- lowing facis we record, respecting his netive vil- lage, containing sixty idol temples, which agcora- ing to his account are full of gods. Every temple is presided over by a priest, wao acts ex officio as school teacher. The children ofall, both mch and r, attend echool together, and nearly all the in- ebitants can read and write. The ree are ali taxed for the support of the temples. livery far mer paying about five bushels of rice, per acre. We asked, «* how do the Jaws punish the thiel 1” Our informant replies, For the first and second | offence the thief is imprisoned, but for the third, his heed is cut straight off.” low do they punish the murderer!” ‘* His head is cut off direct,” (were the words of the in- ierpreter.) A: for marriage, a man is allowed but one wife but if she dees not pleave her husband, he can ser her back to her father’s house, with the consent of the old people, otherwise the husband must support | h er. Touching their ideas of a future state, we learned that the bad people are believed to go to a bad place after death, and the oe to a good place. hen a person dies a record is made of his name, and it is hung up in the house of his friends, and the household have stated periods for praying to the spirit of the departed. In Japan there are six prin- cipal sacred days, including New Year, which oc- cursin Janwary. Suppen Deati ov Apvison Git more, Paustoent ov THe Western RarLnoap.—The announcement, this morning, of the very sudden death of Addi+ son Gilmore, for several years Premdent of the Western Railroad, end of ihe banking firm of Gil- more, Blake & Ward. gave our business communt- ty asevere shoek. The following were the cir- cumstances of his death :—Mr. Gilmore, lor seve- ral years past, has been troubled wi h an affection of the heart, which, latterly, has prevented him from any violent exertion without experiencing great fatigue. Ilis residence isin Watertown. In- tending last evening to take the six o’elock special train for Newton, end being rather late, he drove depot, in company witha | friend, Mr. Joseph ckney, and was enabled, by a little extra exertion, to get upon the train just as | it was leaving the depot. Later in the night, in company with his wife and daughter, he attended an assembly ballin Watertown. While dancing, | he complained to his pertner of feeling unweil, and | she advised him to cit down; but he persevered vatil the close of the dance, then took a seat upon the settee, by the side of his wife. He also | complained to her of @ strange sensation, and short ly afte: da was scen to fall forward insensible. le was immediately carried towards the door by several friends, among whom was lr. Howe, a physician of the town. One of the bearers, Mr. ua, remarked that he wae dead. That can- not be, said Dr. Howe; but upon putting his ear to his heart he found thet there was no perceptible motion, and he was found to be dead. ; He must have died within a minute of his sei- zure. He did not speak after he fell forward. This wi out eleven o’clook. His body was taken immediately to thathome which he had left so recently in health and reng andan immediate | stop was put tothe ball. Mr. G. was about 47 _ years old, and leaves a wile, two sone and two daughters. The eldest child is 17, and eg an est 5. He was born in Western Vermont, but has been a resident of this city and vicinity for twenty years or more. When he firet came here he was emi peged as a laborer in the store of Messrs Whit- well Bond, Afterwards he commenced the | manufacture of saleratus, and, in company with Mr. Fi of Charlestown, added to it that of dis- tlling. He was one of the chief originators of the Coneotd Railroad; afterwards of the Old Colon and Northern, and latterly of the Paseraupsic. He waa chosen President of the Westera Rattrond in 1846 and held the office ever since, though latterly he has often expressed an intention to Lye 7 “ He has at times coneulted physicians as to hiscom- | firmed. | a chairma | be glad to plaints, and their reply was that he, as it were,held ie iifein his own pen Ao that ang extra or unusual exertion would render his n death highly bable. He leaves a handeome fortuae, the fruits of hisuntiring or and adaptation to busi- ness. The ing firm of which he was a mem- ber, has been but a few meatha in operation —Bos- ton Traveller, Jan. 11. A Discovery ix Seaver —PY0f. Olmstead, of New Haven, has diseovered that one pound of rosin ‘and three pounds of lard, when stirred tog’ ther, become semi-fimd at 72 degrees Fahrenheit. The mane mel ca, and will remain transpa- rent and that temperature. For lard lammpa, the lard is rendered more mene the rorin, and ite power ef illumination is increased two-fifi It te @ cingular fact that although the mixture mel at 00 degrees, the rosin clone requires B00 de, the lad 97 degreea—Brton Jelas, ' Jan year, was $160,000; of this amount, there has been ex- Lae pe hyd ORI ese eeee ves «$158,687 68 loneys received for manur dirt... “ $83,362 64 Moneys received fer public yard, 1,202 04 ——-——- $34 655 68 Moking the net cost of cleansing the city.. $123,982 10 There were 272,054 loads of dirt ‘ond manure, and 187,492 loads in ashes and garbage—making a total of 469.546 loads. Report of Committee on sereets, in favor et the application of Kuss & Reed end William C. Perrine, to pave Broadway trom Duave street to Union Square, was taken into consideration, and the subject being open for discussion, Alderman Miller remarked, that although he voted on « former occasion of the Russ pavement, he could not now vote fa’ bly for that improvement, with his present views of the subject. He then alluded to the varions com- plaints which been presented to the Board, inst the Rus: mt, and ssid that the whole difficulty lies im the hardness ef the stone, which, from frequext use, becomes too smooth, and whioh, therefore, renders the passage of horses and vehicles diffleult and dangerous. Alderman Bruntevany said that the Russ pavement | Was no longeran experiment. It has stood the test tor eix years, and bas proved itself to be the best puve- ment. In reference to the frequeat remonstrunces of the cmnibus proprietors, against thie pavement, he believed it mattered not on what kind of pavement, they cannot be regulated by any ordinance. They con- tinually drive beyond the speed authorized by the city government, which inadvertence causes s great number ot accidents, both to passengers and horses, and the whole tault is thrown upon the projectors of the pave- ment. The smoothness of the Kuss payement being the.only reasonable objection that can be urged against this improvement, is proposed to be obviated by grovipg the granite biocks two feet apart. The strongest reason in its favor is its durability, and its econcmy is its principal attraction. Aldermen Gnirrix expressed himself entirely fa- Vorable to the Kuss pavement, amd alluded to the EE benefits which have already accrued to the city m this improvement. Si deemae: Keuty was also in favor of the Russ pave- ment. Alderman Saw said he was opposed to the contract because it was too expensive Although he was a friend of the 8 Da’ mt, which he considers a real snd greatly useful improvement, yet he could not coun- tenance the contract submitted by the committee tor the sdoption of the Board. Tne appropriation of half @ million ef doljars, which will bave to be levied on the city, to the improvememt of only one thoroughfare of the city, he considered an unfair and unjust distribution of the government funds, Having given his vote for the appropriation of £0 large @ sum exclusively tor ome improvement, be could not have the face to vote tora further loan for the necessary improvements which will be called for, and which must be attended to throughout tue oity in reference to the improvement of this pavement, which ie intended to raire ali ebjections to it arising from the smoothness ot its surface, he said the groov- | ing would render this kind of pavement much lvas ex- pensive than it has been. ioc, by the introduction of this improvement, it ts obvious t it will not be ne- ceasary to adb to been observ: whether the experiment will prove satisiaetory or not After some further ks, Une consideration of the whole matter, upon motion of Alderman flaws, was postponed until the September ression ReSOLN TIONS ADerTRD Rerolved, That the University Pince, from Washing ten dyeare to Upion Place, be renumbered under th: duwection of the Street Commissioner, and that he directed to have the same done without delay Kesolved, fhat the Committee on Wharyes, Mlere and Bilpr, be directed to inquire into the exvedicnay of provisions by laws tor leaving for ® term of yenrs, | with the privilege of renewal fora lifetime. all the | wharves, piers and slips pow ready tor oceapanoy, wad | | | for all otberaas fect as existing \ences chat! expire, at Public auction; to be lersee. and reserving ( the same. The Board then adjourned until Monday evening in good repair at cost of rights to make extension of BOARD OF ASSISTANT ALDERMEN. Jax. 10.—The Board met at 644 o'clock. The Prosi- dent in the chair. TIT ION. A petition was received from Messrs Hopper, Mott, | and others, for a plier at the foot of Vilty-dith street, | North River. Referred PAPERS FROM THE HOARD OF ALDERMKN. | A mersage from the Maycr. recommending that pre- arations made for the ony, celebration of ‘ashington’s birthdsy, on the of February. The message wee adopted { Beard of Aldermen, and a committee wes appointed to carry it fato effect. This Board concurred with th ef the Board of Alder. 5 Wobb of tne Seventh Derr, wore appointed on thy commit- rr . be lighted with gas. Adopted. olved, That the Street Commiroioner be directed avenves. in whic! tion in conseque: Railroad and 7 terry from the vicinity of Canal street to Jersey City, acoording to the contract existing between the Vorpo- ration of this city and the Jersey Kailroad and Trapeportation Company. Referre Board e! ORGANIZATION upervisors. wOARD FOR 1851 neteen Aldermen he minutes of leet proceedings were read and at- ‘The Rrconper thenjeald that under the statute it was neowrsary at the first meeting of the Hoard to 4 other offic the pleasure of (ue Hoard ont) Franncin proposed, and Alderman MMor- | gape ed the nomination of the Lion. Ambrose K ipgrland, Mayor, ae Chairman of the Board of Super. virors, | Mr D.T Valentine was then re appointed Ulerk, and Mr Sbepherd Knapp, Treasurer of the board STANDING COMMITTER, The Mavon, the Hom. A.C. Kingsland, then snnounced the following Standing Committees tor the enealog tem On Annual Tanes— M. B Jeet. Aide’ Messrs, Joseph Britton, Morgam | a W. Sturtevant, Jonas F On County Officers—Messrs. George HT Erra Smith, Patrick Kelly Ce Mosers, Robert T. it 'y Shaw. ‘The bill of Mr. Seth Geor, Coroner, amounting to $2568 19, for the lest pact three months, whic'a had deen examined and certified by the proper « Gers, wes ordered to be paid. mL. Lied ‘The bill of Mr, Thomas Cornley, Sheri, # sounting to $990 06 for the last three months, wae ref srred Some email bills were ordered to be pai’, and a few petitions for relief of tax, referred. ‘The reports of the Committee on Anr wai Taxes, in or af relievi taxes of David Morris. gow Y ine to dee oKeen, RQUALIT? HON OF TAXATION. A rerolation to the effect that s committee of three ta?.o such measures as may be deem- Present te the in eonnec- Corn ot-oller and just closed there were launched at internets ane eet he waters, wo 0 oe pockets ween New York and the West Indies, Franklin, | : | kete from the arsenal, @ _ THE NEW YORK HERALD. PRICE TWO CENTS, Chief Justice Edmond’s Opinion of the Code. An the case ef Doliner ¢ Potter vs, @ibsen, which was x motion 4 in ae term, EK nig Fa opiate Leg x P lef Justice Edmonds gave - lowing opinion of the Gode : — bt Among the many questions of doubt and difficulty which have arisen omder the Code—and those have been very numerous, which flow from the imper- fect and inartificial use of the langue e im which Rts expreased—there has been none which has given rise te as much diversity of oy{nion as that in regard to Pleading. The Code begins by professi: 0 ebolish * all formes of pleadings heretofore existi: Beo,j140, The firet question that occurs is, what does this mean—“ abolishing the forms of pleading?” N surely, that the words heretofore form of a count or # plea, are strie! language and abolished, for that wae scarcely in the power of the Legislature—not that the conrbi- of those words in the same Jorm and sentences never agein be made by one, jor was less attainable; but ply. as iar as I can id it, that parties to @ suid should not be «King. und un obliged to use those forms, for they are no where or eg trom using them. And os, before the ‘ode, mo party obliged to use the forms then existing, it would seem to follow that the aboli- tion of the iormr, in reality, amounted to nothing. The Code, however, did not earry the abolition as far, even,.as at frat blush it reemed to. fur it abolished the forms on)y so far as they might be inconsistent with that act. and modified them as prescribed by the act. The principles of pleading are left untouched, and, except as to form, naught elee is done than to maodify, also, the rules by which the sufficiency of pleading is to be determined. In all questions, then, as to plead- ing, we must bear in mind that the principles of plead. ipg are untouched, and that the forms are affected only where they are inconsistent with some positive enactment of the Code, One principle, whieh lay at the foundation of our system of pleading—and the aystem was as edmirable for its perfection as it wae venerable for its age—was, that it was the and not the faets themselves, whi ied, The plender did not set out oes by which he expected to claim—all his probative facts, as they have, 11 ly been termed, but only the legal conclusion w Was properly deducible from them. For instance, man lent bis horse to one whe retueo¢ to return him on demand. If the owner sought to recover him back specifically in repleyin, be would plead merely that the borrower wrongfully detained horse. Ifbe nought to recover damage: in trover, be wo Pp that he lost bis horse.and the borrower had found him, ond appropriated him to his ewn use; ond if he tought to reeever the value of the horse {mn he would plead that he had sold and delive: Bo, in ection against an endoreer of # promissory mote, who had waived protest. ‘ihe pleader would not ret out the waiver, but he would plead one protest, for such was the legal effect of the waiver. Bo, alse, on # sale and delivery of goods—even whore there was no 8 promise to pay for them— a promise war always for that was the very foundation of the action, the legal effect of the tact of a eale, and the sale and delivery were pleaded merely as the conside- tion of the promise o.too,where aman didanact by ber as his ngent—the act was always pleaded as act of the principal bimaelt—for such was the legal effect of what was sctually done, This rule of plead- ing is fortunetely still in foree, for wicbout it, it would Often be difficult to form any issue as toon as the reply and when formed, it would oftea be ou some quite {m- material point. But it in very frequently, and indeed almost Spey eg erie by the profession. They are misled by their familiarity with the old mode of pleading in equity, and by the oath which the party js required to make to his pleading. They forget thet one quality ofequity pleading, has been entirely abro gated, and that itisno longer to be used as a means of dircovery. When it was so used, it was not merely & mode of setting out a claim. but was @ means of ob- taining evidence of particular facts to substantiate that claim. and it necessarily dealt in probative facte as well an in the legal effect of them. That whole thing however is changed, and pleading which is the statement ine logical and legal form of the fact—which constitute the cause cf action or defences, has vow that alone as its object. and is goverued by the rule which always prevailed in equity as well ss in law, where the pleading is not used a6 @ means of obtain- ing evicence, namely, that the logal effect of facts.and not the facts themselves abould be pleaded—the graud object beirg the creation of # certain and material je/Ue upon some important part of the subject matter of dispute, when both parties join upon somewhat that they Tefer to # trial to mali The mole doctrice is happil: important principle of the law of pleading, that on Aitegipg the tact, it is necessary to state euch cirenm- stances as merely tend to provethe truth of it. The dry aliegation cf the fect, without detailing a va riety of minute circumstances which constitute the evidence of it, will puffice, Lhe ruio may, indeed. bo Gifiicult in its’ application; but it har been rigntly reid that it is so elememtary in its kind } ne well observed in practice, as not to have ntly the udject of jilustraciow Ch Pt. 226. The nature of the oth whiok. wader the o the party ie required to make ip regard to his pleading, does not effect thie rule; bat | the oth is ruberdinete co it, and pecessariiy quaiitied by it. T have been thus partioular on this sutject, be- eause Of (be wiany and growing s wien spring trom the disreqard of the rule that is becon #0 pre- valent, Plescivgs are stulled full of all sorts of imma- tertal ing tO great prolizity aud ex- pene DY seuss, lor tend of a single One, giving rise to ierues wholly immaterial, focreasing the Cimeouilties of trial and of en causing suits Lo be deter. mined upon points yulte torcign to the real matier fa dispute; and it is high time the evil proctice was checked. The case before me isan spt illustration of the dirregard of the role and conrequences Ifthe averment that Maitland bought the goods for the de- mdant is true Ove. then it was a sale directly to the defendant, aud ought to have been #0 averred, for such was the legal «fect ot the revernl fecte set out in the plaintiff has, however. chosen to ret out eeveral circumstances which teud to establish the to the defendant; out they nowhere aver ry foundation of thelr action is pelt Out one, to save him from howing But this is not facts, which they ary that the goods were delivered after the contract of ale pese the defeadant should choose werment alone, and go down to A verdict in his tayor, he would ment on bis verdict, at the time that the plalutitf bave a good claim on which they ovght to recover, and for whic they would re but for thie Imperteet mode of pleading Lt is teue the court might th jntiffe from the utter I owardivg @ repleader, and giving mts veredicto, bat that would not be jecting bim to the costes of the euit In the meantime the court bar had the trouble of we entirely }mmaterial issue, and of granting om the consequences of itatterwards I! o not imagine why the plesder has departed from the old and Well established form of s count for goods sold and delivered There i* nothing im the Vode that prevents his uring it, and T apprehend that « few cack oases, eepecially if bis adverrary had been sunning enough to let him go on he end. would induce him to be of with Lord Coke— thnd it is safer to follow good nte, fom nihil vimul imventum ent et perfootume TL grent the motion in thie crae, though the complain: will not be goed when the objectionadle words are stricken oud. It will, however, be better than it te pow, tor though it may not contein a cause of action, it will not contain @ violation of e souad rule of pload- ing; and I am very muoh inclined to grant it, with | conte, We bare been in it Of creating | uestions ariaing cut of constructions ef the | Oode. anse of the necessity the proferrion have | be: der of groping their way amid the obscurity f nootments; bab I do not see but what we shall 2 to alter cur practice and grant costa mm order to compel the protession to Twill not, howe onnes, | more fewiliar with the Code begin the exception to the rule here; though after this ery apt to bein it with the next t comes before me ell be hind Court of General Sesatons. Batore Judge Bebe and Aldermen Dodge and Bard. 3 honest Waiter- Pleo of Guuty -Wm. HL a black boy, lately employed a a waiter at Houre, was thie morning arraigned for steal- teb and chain, and a purse of money, of Il together, of $169, from Mra, William: dosrder at the hotel above mentioned. It app that Mra W. lost ber property and suspe wotiea!T on being sharply inter: by Mr. low. sear the prope) ane eine Louse, creed that he had the wateh and ebain, which articles be forthwith took from his shee, where he had them concealed, and re- stored them to the owner. He was remanded for Theft of Srweiry—Another “7 of om a jeaded guilty to grand larceny, in st } wen ad custry trou: Menaing n King ‘The prisoner | le not yet rentemced. Ho had an accom; be tried soon, when the facts Im the onee, Horn aiso pleaded — te from Theodore ¥ ic! . he money was tak was font to the months Friend en. from State privom for two | Le Roy and Pierrepoint. | ten y: NEWS BY TELEGRAPH. Interesting from the South—Anticipated Slave Insurrection, &. Batrimone, January 12, 1351. There is great excitement at Lexington, Virginia, ia consequence ef an anticipated slave insurrection. Letters have been intercepted, and it appears that about six hundred are implicated. Thomas H. Fulton, an extensive cotton manufac- turer, died at Washington Factory to-day. ca ‘The Navy Department has received dispatches an- nouncing the safety of the officers of the United Btates ship Marion. From Charleston, Cuanceston, Jan. 11, 1851. Exchange is very cull; London hasbeen done as low as$i¢e. premium. On the North, the rate fluctuated for some days, and appeared to havea tendency up- wards; but it fell again, and we now quote le. #140. @ 2c. discount, We bave no advices from Key West, and presume, therefore, nothing bas transpired worth communicat- Ing Western Navigation. Lovisvirer, Jan. 12, 1861. ‘The water in the canal at this place measures five feet tem inches, and is falling. At St. Louis therive is ristag. ‘The steamboat William Noble is aground at Grasse Plaite, and the New Orleans at Devay. Late from Havana. Cuantesron, Jan, 1, 1861. The steamship Isabel has arrived here, with Havana dates to the 8th inst. A correspondent writes ae fol- lows New suger and molasses have been coming in freely; but in the former little of importance hes been doav beyond what bar been already note of Vucuruchos at 6 reals, and bright y: 7 OfMuscovado, asale bas been made at Matanz: 534 rls. for only fair quality, amd 4rls. for or As toMuscovado, the tendeacy to high prices, fi out of the deticiemey in the Louisiana crop, and the drmand for the West, will in some degree be modi ied by the range which prices of clayed sugars may take ‘Till within a few days, molasses was frm at 94 im the harbor, and 2% 9 3 ris. om the coast’ and in the sea-ports, A decline has, however, teken place, owing to the greater abundance of arrivals, end purchases are making at 2) ra This fg@e, nevertheless. is likely to be fully sustained for yn time, the demand be! ik. Coffee is fat? I quote fine quality at $9! to good.re- cond, $8 a $9 60. A dec! "T & turther demand takes p! arriving very freely, but er gallon. Fri ite are very duil, as yet. owever, remain scarce wi mulation of produce. shall see an active demsod epring up for shipping. With regard to rice, I give you KO favorable advices. The arrivals «i: last have been—Arm » 22d Dec., from M: told at 8a 9% ris.; Sea Gull, 28th Dec., from ah, sold at 10% ris.; steamer Isabel, 4th Jan., from Charles- ton, rold at 10 rle.; Gulnare. from Charleston, Sth Jan., told at 10 rls, A parcel of Maranbam, from Olentuegos, has also appeared here, selling at 6} ris. Suprome Court—Special Term, Before Chief Justice Edmonds. THE NEW YORK AND BROOKLYN FERRIES. Jax. 11—Alfred @. Benson and others vs. the Mayor, §e., of New York —This was® motion respecting an injunetion to retrain the Corporation from granting @ 1 of the New York and Brooklyn Ferries to Messrs. The complaint states thatiu ordinary t not unlikely, provi ee for Franc: oneg is price is firm at 2% He. 1545 wb act was passed to establish and regulate ferries between the city of New York and Loug Island, and that in purewance to said act, the plaintiffs made ap- Plieation to the commissioners eppotated under it to fraut them # license of thore ferries bet ween the city of New York avd Leng Island. The license was granted illiam S Packer, since d ‘ies between the city of revy the ferry at foot ver, to the foot of g therefrom, also the terry at foot of athe East River, to the foot of Hemil- the city of Brooklyn; also the to the foot of Atlantic street, nd the piors, numbers fourte of New York, seross to the foot Montague street, in the city of Brooklyn. The licenso of cach of these terries was granted for the period of '® from the 17th October, 1848, and tocommence aa to the first mentioned ferry at the expiration of @ lease them existing botweem ihe defendants and Jobo Mofutyre. Jacob R. Le Roy. and Heary B. Pierrepoint, ud also at the expirativn of # lease of the Hamilton y then existing. Mr. Uvtting, with whom was associated Mr. Van Buren and Mr. Davis, complained, on the part of the defendants, that, while the judge of this court was soting upon the case, the complain went before another jadg ed an order foran Injunction. tion was, that the plaintiffs should yan injunction order, made by Judge Warelou of Poughkeepsie, eo far as relates to the in- junction, should not be ret aside. After the reading of affidavits, Chief Justice Edmonds intimated that he dit wish to interfere; and thet molou had meade an order to hear the mo- ton cn Monday, be would make no rule order in it. SPECIAL TERM Before the Hon. Judges Duer awd Mason Jan. LL--Stacey Pitcher vs. the Meyer, @e., of New York end the New York and Evie Reilread Company. — is & motion for an injunction to restrain the New York and Erte Railroad © the rquare at the foot of River. The grounds upon which the appli made are that of agreement made between the, Corpo- ration of New York aud Trinity Oburch, as early as the year 1704 The land in question was reserved as @ 6 Corporation of New uniformly #0 regarded \t; that mmarket was erected om theupger part of the same in 1907, which remained there until the year 1890. when it wae taxen down by conrent of the owners of the property im the neighbor- hood on condition that the same should remain opem #8 S square until required for a market; that the lower partot the square below Caroline street, was failed im by the Corporation in the year 1825; and from that time uptil the present day bas been ured as a padlio turret and thoroughfare, and has been paved and regi v rie Railroad le square from the Cor- ta building upon it, tor the re Th ntifl oom tends that there hae been a valid dedi. jon of the whole square to the public by the agreement of 1706 nd the subsequent acte of the Corporation. The de tendante contend that the tacts of ee fom meme the Corporation > think preper with the ecncinded, tull_ power do y e. The argument was not Superior Court. Letore Unief Justice Onkley. 30.—Chauncey Jerome vs. Morris L, Samuel and b Dunn — lt appeare (Bat the piainti@ in this case is the celebrated and extensive menufscturer of clecks. residing in New Haven, Connecticat, and hav- ing a depot in rk; thi has Leen engaged for a clock maker and has expended large y in perfeeting bimeeif in (nat branch of inets. and im buildi brass wheel o » Apotted upwards of 3) 008 Ene defendant) sho are th A Tnbcle of the plaletig, b eounterteited the nam ny oo *) SS Keses tham'le thelr stocks, und, theoedees, sumsed he plaintit, by disposing of thelr rathoture ot the oti Ana the clocks. of an in- marks, & purchaser | Reng iene be poy EY jufacture of Chauncey Jerome t compiaine that he hasbeen thu deprived of the locks to that extent and be aeke that the ‘trained from the injury al dy y : pe rciee residing in Eng- ‘The caso rtands adjourned to Monday morning, SPECIAL TERM Defore Judge Senatera. Jaw 1 Deniel D, Howard vs. Ellie and othe tion to dirsolre Injunction denied, with $10 crder to rhow caure élacharced lérien Blot vs. Beicren & Busch.—Motion for are and Charged with Robbin; pK trial, charged with steal: Gee are noe the 7th of Votober last one, the jury returned # verdict of ¢ prisoner was sentenced to the Btate prison * years. We are sorry to ann Chartiers’ railroad are egain out peace. The vicinity of the village of ecarcely inhabitable by the peaceful inhab: To ench a pase have things come, that the citizens have finally resolved to enrol themerives *8 a sort of armed police for self-protection. Thirty of them having votgnieered, tg a pl fed aa, party ie en order for a “ who gave them en et, werd voce 4 ther ad. There will thas be a permanent nd ae in the infected district, and we antiei- pate a sperdy craration of the atsorders, which have really become moet alatrrmag Norbing but military force will enewer to keep these people in ony reevonabie boupde—~Putehargh Journal, dun. 9. mentas im care of nonewit denied. on plaimtift. anys, etipuleting to bring the cause to trial at the wes Tey ete vey detendente’ costs of De ber term and $10 corte of motion, and filing addi- the defendant give bail om bis arrest, in $2,600, an@ order for arrest modified accordingly, without costs te either party, stdem G. Rensom vs. Ivveel Miner. —Motion that cease to prosecute his cause, plaintif discontinue dented. with $10 conte. ROW. Martin va. Ro McCormick —Motion for allow- ance to the deft ndant, im addition to the corte, denied, * Herter a id Port Wardens of New York vs. Sa- sters and Por’ wef 3 ‘ork ws. Sa= me —Motion for allowanceto the defendant, in the corte. denied. without costs. Betore vel Chamdier eddition te Chier J uetiow Oakley Is the matter off the Application of the Hudem River Revived for Appraisement «J Lands lying in the Tweltth ward of the Ciey of New York — (he report of referee in the above matter be oon: magnetic telogrags is about te be extab- S byt Peters and Witmingtom, NM. WGA Nock’oe which bar'ell Bion taten,