The New York Herald Newspaper, January 5, 1851, Page 1

eee eat WHOLE NO. 6049. * SUNDAY MORNING, Message of the Governor of Indiana—Tho Fugitive Law Approved. Inptanovous Jan, 4, 1861. Gevernor Wright, of Indiana, in his message to the Legislature, expresres himself decidedly strong in favor of colonization. Speaking of the Fugitive Law, he says:—‘ Whatever difference of opinion may exint as to the late compromise measures enacted by Uon- gtess—however ultra men in the North and South may oppose or denounce them—there is but one course of action for the true patriot to pussue—that ia, anhasi tatingly and in good faith) to carry out their enact” ments. There in no safety for property or lite except in the absolute supremacy of the law; no higher duty ofthe citizen than to maintain, by word and deed, that supremacy, as we value the heritage, rich beyoxd all price, purchased, not with silver or gold, but with the life’s blood of the good and brave; the heritage be. queathed to us by our fathers, and which, in turn, we must bequeath inviolate to our descendante, Let us | beer in mind that the first public act of disobedionce | to the law is the first tatal step on the downward road toanarchy.”” The mossage gives very fluttering ac- NEWS BY TELEGRAPH. THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION. House of Representatives. BY BAIN’S ELECTRO-CHEMICAL TELEGRAPH. Wasnincron, J, 1851, MICHIGAN EXPENDITURES FOR THY MEXICAN WAR, “Mr. Buer, (dem.) of Michigan, introduced a Dill, ‘which was referred, to refund to Michigan money ad- wwanced for the transportation of volunteers to the Mexicen war, TERRE HAUTE AD ILLINOISTOWN KAILROAD, Mr. Youna, (dem.) of Illinois, introduced a bill ‘wranting lands for a railroad from Terre Haute to Lili- aaoistewn, Referred. ‘The House then went into Committee of the Whole. THE POSTAGE REDUCTION BILL, Mr. Feavarustone, (dem.) of Mississippi, gave notice ‘of amendments, which he intended to offer, providing ‘Wor the transmission of newspapers, free of charge, in whe States wherein they are published, and beyond ouch States at a charge of half acent per copy; and aleo providing for an increase of mail faciliti Mr. Grany, (dem.) of Maine, was opposed to a uni- form rate of postage, He was willing to the charge o ‘two cents fer lutiers transmitted five hundred miles; ‘ive cents for & thousand miles; and for any greater ‘distance, ten cents, He thought that postage should ‘be charged on all matter. A great deal of trash was Cincinwati, January 4, 1861, Nothing of integeat has been done in the State convention to-day. The Hon. J. G, Palfrey’s Cireular. Boston, January 4 1861. ‘The confidential cirouler of Hon Johw G Palfrey, addressed to the free soil members of the Maseachusetts Legislature, is pul.ished im full. Its toaw bas alreasy been communicated to the public Affray in Canandaigua, Canamvar cua, damvary 4. 1861, Two young men, aged about 18 years a Knick. erbocker and Blanchard, had an aflrey here to-day, during which Knickerbocker was dangerourly wonud- od with a dirk knife, Blanchard has been arrested. ‘The Southern Mail. Barristonx, January 4.1951. No mail, south of Wilmington, bas beow reoeived to- night, ‘sent by members free, more to tickle than to benefit ‘heir constituents; and those who never receive any Mr. Watkins, (whig,) of Tenn , was opposed to the ‘ill, if it was to deprive his people of mail Zacilities, which was the result of the reduction of 1845. He ‘was opposed to the abolition of the franking privilege. viewing it a5 the most direct medium through which the people can obtain information from Washington. Mr. Bwerrrin, (dem) of Ohio, opposed the bill, and wxpreased his surprise that bis colleague (Mr. Potter) whould be #0 blinded by the influence brought to bear on him. The petitions in favor of the bill originated "nacommon source, and were distributed all over the ountry for signatures, and enforced by hired agents st the scheme, The measure bas in it an ulterior object—it isto increase the general expenditures of ‘the country, that the tariff may be raised. He was oppoeed to the abolition of the tranking privilege. Mr. Roor, (tree soil) of Obio, intended to vote for the ‘boat reduction he could get, and argued that the Post Office Department should surtain itself; that all mat- ‘ter should pay postage, and in advance, and if the eyatem could be established on this principal. then it could be determined at what rates of postage the de- ‘partment could tustain itself. ‘The committee then rose. Mr. Porren, (dem.) of Ohio, offered @ resolution which was adopted, that the debate on the Postage ‘bill ehall close in two hours after the House shall again g° into committee on it. Mr. Sivinv, (delegate from Minnesota.) introduced a ‘ill suthorizing Oregcn and Minnesota to take charge of their scbool lands. The Houee then a —_—_—_ Affairs at the State Capital. OUR ALBANY CORKESPONDENCE Acvany, January 2, 1851 The Court of Appeals in Season—Cawses on the Calendar, and Counsel attending them— 4rivd of the Lreutenant Governor —Senate and bly Chambers—Drnbar, the Murderer, $e. &e The Court of Appeals commenced its January term at the capitel, in this city, this moruing, at ten o’clock. This dignified body now cousists of Greene C. Broason, Ohief Judge, and Mesers Ruggles, Garainer, Jewett, McCoun, Paige, Gray, and Mullet, Judges. Three of the members being absent, an adjournment took jlace uutil to-morrow morning. The calender coatams 150 cases noticed | for argument, about eighty of which have coms up | from the inferior courts of tne First Judicial Die trict, New York and Long Isiand The priacipal attorneys of the city of New Yorks, who have causes on the calendar, are, J. Whiting, O Bustiell Benedict & boardman, © W. Sandford, FP. B From Washington. THE DISPUTED BOUNDARY BETWEEN MISSOUB’ AND | Cutting, David Graham, Horace F. Clarke, R. J IOWA, ET: Dillon, T. W. Gerard, W.b. pa wieaets it Murray Hofimap, H. E. Davies, D. D. Lord, H. P. Hast. Wasninoton, Jawuary 4, 1861. The Supreme Court, yesterday, made their decision ‘in the case of Missourl against Lowa, that the boun- Gary made by the Commissioners should stand. This gives Iowa the disputed territory, and upsets the re- election of Willard P. Hall te next Congress, who beats his opponent, Bowman, by votes in the disputed ter- zitory, Francis Corey, Etq., a well known and much es. teemed citizen of New Jersey, died in this city, y: derday. ings, B. Galbraith, Sanford & Porter, Thom soa | & Delever, and some twenty others. The basi- ness of this court of dernier resort is accumulating with wondeiful rapidity, and neither of the eigat able jutmsats who compose the bench, ere reucved « single eur dering the year from duty, They are compt ied to adjudicate, and finally deeide the rgbital ownership of millions vpon millions of property of the people of this State, during every term. involving amounts fiom one huudied up- waids, to £8 many thousands. Whatever other altera.ions were perfected in our courts of law by the convention of 1816, nome hove given more voiversal satiefaction than abolishing the euniber- some and generally illiterate Court of Krrore, and subsiituting instead the present org hoa of the Court of Appeals. The Lieutenant Governor, Sanford 1. Ch arrived in this city this altesovon, in the western train. He started from home in seasou, a8 he sup posed, to have been at the cupitol yesterday, uad taken the oath of oflice at the same time ic ad | ministered to Governor Haunt; but ihe obstructions oa the roads, occasioned the henvy embank- ments of snow, through which the iccomouves | found their way et a very slow rate, prevented his | arrival as coon as he had anticipated. | The officers of the Senate and Assembly ehom- | bere are busily engeged im prepering for ve digas | fied repreeemtatives of the people, who tacec ia legislative capacity on Tuesday next. Bort cham- bers ere supplied with stationery from the | comptroller’s office, for the use of the members. The new Board cf Cana! Commissioners held their firet meeting thie moraing. The eupervision of tbe eestern section igned to Mr Mather; the middle, to Mr. Gook; the western, 'o Mr. Follett, The laiter commissioner had the ea section under bis charge doring the last year: char tio coun'y. more convenient to the east two new Cominissioner® Chove their owa reapective clerks, @ privilege which Was not awarded to Mr | Follett last year, a mejoriy of the Board being then politically opposed to hun. ' Much wrangling is anticipated when the Canal Loard asvemble to make their annual appoiatmen's. The majority of the commissioners beiag of the democretic party, will insist upon proyiding places for ‘heir friends; but the entire B having @ whig wajority, will strongly oppose the removal of any of their polttical friends. The commivsioners cluim the power of making certaia selecuous, but | they wil be overruled. nor Fish, on the day previews to going out wited young Dunbar m his ceil sa the y prisen, who hes been sentenced to coured on the last day of this month = The i | view was ofan hour's deration, and was of the mort painful, yet of au interesting character. The Governor, whose heart is overflowing with char- ity, benevoleves, ond the mik of human kindaess, stated tothe doomed convict, tha Hamilton Fish be wee willing to go as far as any other man in alleviating the distr sees of his fellow mortats, DY MOuSE’s LINE, OFFICE 16 WALL STREET. Burra.o, Jan 4-84. M. ‘We had another old fashioned snow storm Last night, ‘which is still raging. with « Ligh wind from the north, @now drifting badly; thermometer 24 degrees, barome- ter 29. $8 P, M.--The wind is blowing from the northwest, ‘The thermometer is 12 degrees above zero. No tral ie yet im from the East. The storm has passed ov: and we have @ prospec: of fine weatuer, Rocuvsren, Jan. 4-8 A.M. A heavy storm of snow and wind, tally equsl to any ~ the evsscn, in now raging. Snow fell last night to che depth of four inches, Thermometer 40 dogrees. Wind from the northeast, aud drifting 3P.M.--We have a sharp pierciog wind from the northw The thermometer is faliing fast, and is | now oply 10 degrees above vero. It bas snowed by epella all dey, About five iavhes Laye fallen sinos Lost night. the e being made for his persoual nceompio ta. | Osweao, Jan, 4—8 A.M. Tt mowed daring the night, Wicd from tho north- srost, aud rising fast, Every appearance of another heavy storm, Thermometer 18 degrees 7P, M—We hove « very bigh wiad from the north- ‘west, socompaniod with severe snow eqaalis, It isa very boisterous wight. The thermometer ts 17 degroes above sero. he beme @ resident of Batevia, Gene Mr. Mather, hiving at Troy, witl also be n section there, The Brascuen, Jan. 4-3. A M. Snowed quite herd all Jast night, end still coatinues. Find north; (thermometer Loy deg 8P.M-—There ie a bigh wind fcom the northwest, and It istnowing very hard. The thermometer notes si Unica, Jan, 4-8 A.M, Weather stormy. Some three inches of snow fell ast night. Wind southeast; thermometer 17 degrees; Verometer 29 10 OP. M.--1¢ ts now clenr and cold. The storm of this morning ceased about 11 o'clock. The wind then changed to the northwest, aad (he weather bas gro’ colder, The thermometer indicates 10 degrees, and she barometer is rising. A few milrs north of the city, the enow is four and a half feet ae on 4-8 A.M. Aitant and felt as keenly as humanity could experience, Snowed ali last might, amd otili nowing, sbvubtbree | the cwrul and dreadful conaion in which be laches fell dureg the night. Wind northwest; ther | ([onber) was placed; but ae Gove ad Chief mometer Ih derrees. |M gistrate. he ~ assumed d ables wt h he a a — hes ‘ ol ’ eriomm, altogether irrespective o peree a vaind fo biowing very strong feom the west, The | PUliete Wile cttunate pasiiiun iste the most therm on.ecter is 14 degrees above sero j feor, Jao, 4-8 A.M Thermometer 16 degrees, Swowed las. aight te the Jepth ot three inches, Wind wert er heavy, wad etl now ing SP M— The wind is strony tr celin corsiderction, had strictly exummed ond carefully weighed all the testimoay as +t ared ¢ Jodye’s mmnutes, and had come to ae that it Was not ia his previnee to interfere entence af the iw which had been p ncunced ageinst him; that he must consider m the west, and the A tmever now finally disy we anor Uermometor le 11 degrees sbore ev.e. Liinwecleat, | My [lant bad been - Marlight evening } arrived at the seme conclusion fn te .ving the Mesva } he Governor veiy feeling’y wiped Dunbar to ‘Thermoweter 2 degrees very possible preparation for the fate which rihowe j y awasted him, pes te ri or ane “ al o-sa.8 A confession will be made by of the | horrible double murder, of which he his beea The thermometsr, iu Lower Tows ie 8 degrees A901 ee en vin ProMtgaa Xt . aad in Upper Town, 8 degrece below serv, | ten fone of the most debit Br Jon's, B,dam 4-11 AM is eof horror ever perpe The weather is Ore amd veryeud Thothermometer | 1 be evideoor, as adduced upon bis py crcomsetances eo firmly linked 3 degrees, with ® northerly eina oP iivey ay goad vip Argel Beatineroy, Vi. Jon 4-10 A.M. | i confession shill be writtex, and a ‘The r fa cold and eMuiy Wied trom the | ihe public, in the horrih of the irnuseevon nerth, with s alight fall ef now Purrwometer 6 de | peocnipar ate ol the srees enminel, w i how he neve withstood for en he nnet Sholera amonget U.#, Cops at Ben, , Ad Arana hn ee gd weston “yal erful for iude dariog fi way The sbip Bilas Leonard arrived over New Oriewns t him white on itiel ten or tweeive de thle afteraoon. end landed at fo od ported, end many beer ounies Band D, of the Third | y U.S Army patra eeranniy are Major Thoms, commending Nine of the sodiers ge Station and two of the crew had died on tue paronge, Of CO | ade, in will create @ senett Baie orn, hood where the Leeter child re ma 7 aod, trath throvehowt the whore conum Tiw Court of Appents | sevse Guneeerd @nbla ihe p Sree Atue |b fom Will Budo! AU the Jadgos were io atte th Wilt be hewt from seria 3 was argued; No. 11 passed, 4, and jutg | efor he shall bave beea bauo heat : mrnton No i deus Ne ie aent reversed, No. 15 peared, was saepended; No lo itmed by & reserved; No 17, argumeet commenoed tew weve Couey oF States eppei The argument of this cause wo Od eopclueed for the app tin wdria, and derrget Company, plant tn error re Fete ‘The argument of this caves Fas commen pisintall im error Beveic now Storm at the fonth, Pew no Va, Jeouery & u A violent mow storm bas beem provationg bere sad atthe Bouth, allday. Thetelegra Wires are dove ‘comsequence, | arremgr mr AMERICAN AND FORKIGN MAILS. Report of the First Assistant Postmaster wenerai, Post Orrick Dararrmenr, Conrract Orrick, Nov. 16, 1850. Sra:—The annexed table (marked A) exbinits the mail service of the United States for the last contract year, It represents the extent of the ser- vice 4 it stood ut the close of the year, by the | number of miles of ennuel transportation, the valy common stauderd to which it can be reduced; aud | 2\ presents the cost of the transportation in the ane ual prices at wbich that service was eageged. It | muy be well to exolein, thatin the nature of things, { U gives results at higher amounts than what the wetuel payments of Lhe year, under the modifica | tions and reductions that take place, would show. As compared with a like table made for the year ending Jone 30, 1349, itchows an jocrease in the rervice of the last, over the preceding year, in all paruicvlarcgreeter Jengih of rouies with the United States by 10,969 miies—more annual trons portation thereon oy the difference of 3 997,254 Mhiles--more nggregate Covton trangns tation with. in the Unived States by the sum of $295.9 cost in mail agencies and foreiga ser $54,343, making the toral merease af eos (1,254. ‘Lhat meresse, from 1849 to 1850, is 12.7 10 per exat 194 10 per cent in service ail service in California (and the tnfling mount in Oregou,) performed within the last coa- tract yeur, Were loo trregular, and too imperfectly Yeported aud vnderstood a the deparunent, to be | embraced inthe anaexed table On the 30:b June last, there were 6,595 United States man routes im operstion: there were 4,763 mail contract 00 route a» lovalagents, | ane 576 oatl messengers Table b will snow how they were distributed among the differei. sections | of the service In respect to the current year, commenciny Let | Juy inet, attention is culled to the auaexed tadle, marked C. It shows the anaual pricea, wud the extent of transportation at which the teil service in the southwesterm god worth- western section of the Union was placva un éer coptiact, nt and since the Jast suaual lete ‘iors, beld um April aud May last, forthe term of four years, begining witb the Tat July, 1950. A quarter's performance of this service has already expired The lest yeor’s service ir those Staves aod Tenivories, to Michigan, Jodiaaa, [Minois, W iscousin, Lowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabar Mississippi, ’ Arkansas, Lewisinne and Texas—was the last performed ua- er the contracts that expired the 80th June, 1800, sod sums up ot 17.363,993 wiles of annual am pertuhon, and $Y. of aenual cost. ‘The pew vervice now employed ia those States end Teritories, avd in operation the Lat July, 1850, stands 9 241 940 miles of annual transpor 190,188 of annual co: ore ha year than last by 1,672,042 ures, and $238,696 Here is one item= the difference ia coat of travs- portation between the oid wad xew contracts, m one of the four secuous of the Uniled States, that will increase the expenses of the present over ‘he esses $236,696 periodicat le of the . The miscellaneous deily orders of Postmaster General, | directing changes, inprovemeuts, aud enlarge- meots of the mail servi iu the three other eections of the Union, for the first | quarter of the current year, will add the furber sum annually, alter dedueting the mount of curtailmen's, ef..... 2... .606 The piecing of the steem mail picket Franklin on the New York and Hove | route, will add the cost of a balf monthly line, for ebont ten rmoath ‘The service in Califormia and far us officially reported for the current year, te esees There is reavon to believe that t Will exceed that rum ww yetin # crude and unadjusted siute. have been established within it by Congress, until a very recent date. No mail transportation has heea euthorized, except the temporary servic proe cured by the agent created by the act of Ancast Io). 148 Waat haa beea obtoiaed bas been for short periods, and on brief notices, and at high raies, The agency placed in charge of thia anomie lous service has changed hands three times. AL eo remote and difficult a point of operstions, beyoad the immediote reach of orders avd advice from the | heod of (he department sud its other « what is moet Heeded is on ad know! and pace Lea! famiherity, om the part of the agent, with the prinerpies, Tales, and modes of proevedings inthe | te of the moil service. in the letting of | continets, aud other details: and this is not to be immediately expeeted, if the necessary experiences | z ov < $0,479 #) amount The vervies ig Colt rai > rowee # yer to be sequred. Sufficient time has uot | lapsed \o receive information from the agent last | ope Thete are other items of expeaditure to awel! the axpencen of this year over thore of the last; bat the Mounts of Lem ennnot be stuted with precision The wehip Eumoode will he placed in the New York and Havre service, at the advitional cert of $78 000 at eo late « bet small portion of the ex- | M thin year. 1c is impo t will be the emoua the the aceovots wt fue current orders for the increase of the serviee in the three last queticns Of the year. Purting wat due | properion, (whieh would he quite arbitrery ) to | of bke orders tor ns of the Id be at the part of " te aide edt cireumetanees in the service may arise, to produce a very diffeteut amount of addi- | iene lellownn By an aero routes ray be pot ia ¢ nepporahte cout, we will way, fivesrwelfth« of which only expen: iivre of th contreet, requir or wn il come into toe pat this service tise ment for propos ed a pubtie ke rting tle those new re that lie in w England, A ml. dle sec noverti he tmne- Cuttely ieeved, end the lettings thereon held «oan curly dev in January next. This pretintanry le png could net well he enlarged, in order ty ineby in It these of more distant States, without senoa interfering with the edings of the great aucual te cuogs, whoeeh thes y uibTace per rwie of the “onthern States, 1 hd howe fo be bred to oliow th #8 to be given to the tent pointe Therefore, the new roates in ol) bet the New Ff d, New York, aod middie ectore, ont ta California end Oregon, will hove to be diepoved of, to contract at the mammal le otiogs rest epring, and go late operation on the Lat July, ad Ee the meentime, tempor t might he mede wheuever patties preiler propels for that purpore his hut pre dite well ow an Pedittenal cost beyond what ts above eat mmted, nt weil be further tneressed hy the + thet he Celiforoia aud © Nn agents e¢ in plncing wuder contract witha the tothe new contract ocrvioe of the ehrrer of the northwestern and seuthwestera Ternorie ete tout the one @ ip cost and exe ver the old service e seco on. whieh how been sroenre ted 0% vey On that ection tweuy Give per cent yer than lust, whilet we hive bot ta {three Fomrthe per cent more of canal ym th al Thien, with the foot the se of the last vear over the preerding, ts jealer in cost the extes wie reerye ex , ' ' e at, and from dcr var conte corr te hes ' ber be higher rt ' i! eony i ’ miver ott ervice of grepter ‘ not mrile have bern @ , wetly | ‘ ' ey bave by f 1 emt res oft * all ‘ hey Comberiund and Whie rivers, nod on th te iv mboate arranged into bare we cue, where before there were a ' me detached eroutes: and thie « ‘ " bow euperseded the tn ‘ . t t last lettings, f ty “ coptrioeted for on ete nihwestern and 1 i he two hor th { bave been obtained a t Li h left the podlie te seller unde , decof unnil traneperterion, or look ta i favor of entre te frm a " the inflvence of some othe ' ener of f " ri yood the pronortionere ia © miles, ie pot, therefore. wholly of orice, of additional cnet, withert an | equivalent; butt a Ah ROMO smn | pended, to show the particulars of the contr | to the companies, derived tron the additional travel | now not a minute,) for overhauling and distribut- | cstablishiog and inaintaomg steam navigation on | nes eeenla mainly a better quality | dey | ¢ a THE NEW YORK HERALD. JANUARY 6, 1851. TWO CENTS. certainty aud eecurity (9 the maila On secoun: of the more special interest taken by Congress, and the pebiic, in our ratlroad and sieam- boat mails, theTannexed tables, (D aad E,) are ap oa each route of railroad and steamboat conveyance, for ‘he current year Improvements have been made on severulof the lines, 80 a8 to give a speed of shont twenty-five miles to the hour, by means of | special (raina, stopping at but few of the interme diate points, and devoted to the accommodation of the throvgh mail and travel. It is believed that this is attended with decided pecuniary advantages thns sttreeted over their rounds ‘The desire is uni- versal end most urgent, to see thia improvement introduced where itis so natural to look for it, upen the prineipal line iv the United States-—that between ite first commercial city end it pitel. A depar- ture frora New York oo this line, at seven iastead cf fvem the evenrog, would promote the conve- nicove sad economy ef travel It wonld premote the mail sceormmoedation ef the public to an im. mense extent, by taking on the entire correspou- cenee of the day, which there would then be time to write before the close of business hours, and by teking on a vast amornt of mils from the interior, which, ip that cave, wonld have time to make full connections with the Southern line. Thia, with a despateh of but twenty ales to the hour, including all stops, insterd of the average of sixteen, now gyepon the whcle line, would bring the mail to | | Warhington by seven o’eloew the next morning, end allow ® resseneble interval (whereas there 1 thet portion of it that ia to go forward to the th. Letween Liverpool and Londea, the speed ofthe ordwary mails, as we compute from office to offce, is fron tw to twenty-three miles an hour, end of the express mail trains, from twenty+ ox to thirty. The emulation of our contractors on the Ocesn line, has, ina space of three years, in- creased the speed of our steamships between Americe and Englend to equal. if not to surpass, thet or the British steamers. No where within the | United States, preater odvantege and distinction than on this—the most national of eur railroad lines—the route be- tween New York and Washington, Another im- provement on» portion of the railroads is greatly » ceded— more suitsble apartments in the cars, than hove been furnished. to contin the mails safely, and ta serve ps an office for tae mati agent. Trble F exhibits « list of the foreign or ocean routes, distinguishing those under contract witl the Seevetary of the Navy, from those held direct- Vy under the Postmester General On there routes correspondence is conveyed to und fren) foreien countries, and remete portions of the United States, in steam packets employed une der contrast by governay ond rouviog at stated periods. By the former mode (still in use whe: ever porties resort to if) it was conveyed by sailing versely, ae their voyages might oecur, for a small pretnity peyable upon eech letter at the port of do- very. ‘The new system is much the most expen- tive; Dut it gives to correspondence regnlarity and deepoteh, the utmost that is attainable for auy pur- ©, between the same points of destiaation. 7" of the highest importance to the interests involved in correspondence, and as a matterof service d servers largercompensation. But this specice of conveyance develves @ Cost upon the @overument beycad the price of service as fixed by any pustages that have been prescribed ‘This is beeause indi- vidnal means are the egean. Aid from the eovernment and 4 wise policy coatributes for navigation by | eterm, ih view of the competition of other nations, is ereential to the commerce of the country, from | which our public revenues are derived, and emis | ly ime; Ortant vs a means of public defence and an element of national prospenty aud power. Go» | vernroent aid har heea extended to these nnpertaat sterm enterprises to an exient beyond the reveaue mt postogen, derived from the correspoudease so conveved. Yet anenlorged view of the subject will show thet the enrplus thus contri outed, is, arter VerAment, in posta ger ete ved from abroad may eanse reveral io be written at home. Look at the extra ordinary onnua! increase iv the amount of posta. einee our foreiga eteem mai! lines have heen nem operation, swelling it to nearly three fo the none! pereentof advance! Foreiga commerce tha: depowita ite freights «t onr'senports, does not Tint (oe them the prosperity it creates, but quickens eod enlarges demesiio wade through allt seary, of the service, secured by the contraet, in the | received,” and of + Mails sent” particular of speed, and greater eapacity to give | d ‘ived, to their respective estinutions. For this service the distributing post office reerives a commission of 7 per cent. The | evils incident to this operation are, too frequent } | ald thes example be followed with | line between two given offices, the intermediate adequate to che Gudertaxing of | weuld proceed from one baggin lerior changels of business. with foreign teepondence. It erentes and simulates a corres penceres within the country, which eulergea the | 1.0re a8 the former becomes, through the agency of su my treowen The poliey of riding commercial enterprise, in | lee ing and iinyroving the freiliy of eteam avie | ation by ceutrects for the muils, was commenced j vy Greet Britsia France followed the exemple | # brief period only, tu hershort tived Havre and New York line. The honor of mointaining the competition in thet exreer of policy where the | stroggle is for enccess in the improvement of steam | b w | | | eve youce, more regular, expeditious, and | a ‘ snd in the commerce of th: world, aited Stotes. Oar commences ment Con the tst Jour, 1847.) was on a simallscale, wob the steamship Weehingion, on the rowe to Nerthern Germany. We vow number vixteen pn steamers, in wen | neil service, on routes to bk relond oud Pranee, es well as to Germany, to | Cube, the Tethmns of Panama, end the ports of California ant Orecwn; and the number will be twenty When the foll complement onder the pres | tent contracts ts furnished. if would be nureason- | pble lo supoore that the syetem has wtcuned im fill erew hb Wemay well enticinate thet other steam pocket tin ewill be eatabiiehed from ine Atlantic end Coll will coonect the East Ladies Chine with ¢ fornia, wed be extended to tha Ms | eifie ports of Soath Ametic The extablitimen: of (hein devolves iinportant dvtes on the General Post Of% I nr | wents with the eouatres to whieh they are | COT Te necessery to enable the benefits to | ed, which they are wenbirte b beth nee et Geer decigned to eve ' arranger tithe post office ut 47, nnd thone Which were efleeted thr treaty with ¢ t Brite iat Now we b Nue just esablished to Fi | postal atangements wreh that 1 paolie ah | *, sto ercur woh fy, «the & 1cter with those ob- om the ey and Mogland hiv Ceriratle to have phe # nents with (be eutherttics of Cabs, Jan € of Panera, fo enable us to te threnght plaers, and by the col roapendence ¢ J, inthe West lanier. vent oager of like ) Peee ex Bee tu phmached arr Lirvem tespeetwe the Canadian wih Coed Sretes, whiea hav fom compte non by Great Brtan 4 ef eeme tmportom! cher t em the coun Ty fhaben « a mrte forts ' ree tivile j rio wtate, in hi ol Kiog of Prussia hav “ P fon iene with n hive, the } tieet. ah eereenent Wi hthe Post ¢ putment " min be repr der « ren ef thet goverment ve objet eogh beet i " trate of or g. Web thot et the Unived Sites i he teash ehaters of Great Britain + goon. wilh the Peht te pregay or er " there of are th ¢ between the wwo ‘ & theoe of the tnt ‘ Povssin, to be the t Usion Conven ‘ wm, Pre aed other German & Wide efl-ef'o the postal egrees af ta. Whore tromtier tower i be ' teive vertitegy = lo exeeutron b ' ai é‘ © ebtem tigh'er transtt rates ‘ b Begiowd and Betyiom — Cheese, doul lees, dle a eoovesence in our Havre od ov he retire de ot Fronee, to Aix la hioye b ha proper postal agreement with her out an import foe te © the faet tha comet freee 4 ce , ® Vit braneh of po fice toe te ‘ measures to correct taiu post oflces designated for reo qed teerive the mysite, both fonle pec kagees For various pointe,to © por. jarwe f pe re Hieoler feetons of Coventry, and then distribute bem to the emall places to which they are ade ete. They are bemenorke (© the distant offi< w e course of thee mails to remote he hen ae renvaling ure made itp at ‘vem with a _— nd new entries,in the accounts or Mls | duce the retes of portage. | nomber of lettere will be the consequence, and a | ter General, on the inferior ela | stably end e hay | tory in the hon of the present cherge which prevents we full | tain, and not the postage pay | | refer to this expected me en with the subject of r the performance of post office bnwness. I do | disiribution and consequent unnecessary expense and de! Originally, the regulations of piboay ve partm miemplated two distiibutions on each transmission to a distant pitce—for many years paat but ope—pbut in fact, they occur so frequently in many cases as to absorb almost all that remains of the posiege of the letter, after taking out the delivery commission. The cause of these evils is obvious It is much easier to mail the letter to the next distributing office, which is well known, and £0 on, along the whole route, than to find out the ultimate distribution circle to which the office ad- dressed belongs; and the avidity to swell the com- mission fund encourages the practice. But this is not the worst. On being detained to receive distribution mailing, the letter in ninety-nine cases out of & hundred loses its connexion with the out- going mails, acd serious usnecessary delays are thus vceasioned. In a former report, I showed that “dietrivution” is obsolete in other countries, andentirely unsuited to the present state of our mails, But a substitute scheme for forwarding mails for the purpose of guiding them to distant places in the right channels, by positive regulation, is indispensable ‘To effect the change, certain modifications of the present la nd provisioa for gening up and putting ia operation the new plan, willbe necessary Let “distribution” be abolished upon all except sea going mails. Issue written instructions, or rather partly written and partly printed, to every post oflice in the United States, how to bag its matter, avd the matter of other offices passi through it, to every other office in the Unite States, the chief portion of which could be stated in caid instructions, under the names of States, or by counties in the Stetes. What is here stated ta £0 brief a space, would be a work of great labor, requirmg tor ite execution the best id most minwte knowledge of mail arrangements and the course of the mails that the department possesses, to be aided by personal consultations with the prin- cipal postmasters in all parts of the Union. Ona ponte, Where the routes join each other, that give the most direct course, would be specified as bag- giog points. Retain one foot of your compass on oxe of these extreme peints, and shift the other to anew point on the eiele, and you will see that new abana points of connexion present themeelves upon the new line thus deseribed, which will require a new designation of bagging, or for- warding offices, im the selection of which it is im- poriant to consider the frequency of their supply, the speed, and connexions, and the probable amount of matter in filling & bag. Apply this illus- tration to the whole net work of our routes, and consider how various are the directions by which the mails traverse them, and some may be formed how multifarious must be the instructions which this sehe me of bagging end abate ¥ will riquire. {t would tebe a yeur to get them up, prebably more, aod the entire appropriation of an officer to the tek. To be uniform and perfect, it should be the work of one mind throughout; and it would amcuut to the greatest practical reform ever intro- duced into the operations of the service. Under thie system, every letter would be mailed direct. The account of mils sent would orig a colwmp meerted for that purpose) to what office it was begged. Thatoffice wauld forward it towards its destination by bagging it to the oflice to which it i» instructed to bag such matter, and thus it or forwardin; point (o enother, to the post office addressed. ‘There would be no delay, as in distribution, at these forwarding points, because there is nothing to ¢o but to shitt the package from one bag to another, agreeably to the specific regulation And with how much less clerical force in the office could this process be performed, than the compli- colea operation of opening the mail, re sorting the levters, remoting them With new post bills and new entries in the accounts, and re-wrapping, tying, and baggme it! And then the copying of these vo umineus distribution accovats, and the leer and trouble of their settlement, + peneet with. The saving in cleck be overy great, and the buem ter eects de bette ‘The accounts can be more cooly checked whe: ey ave coufined exclusively to the nailing and receiving office, aud the trace of jetters through the mails, in case of loss, can be nade with far more certeinty than wow. The lerge oflices will object, on account of the logs of the distribution commission; bat the necessity of tt will, in a great measure, cease, on being relieved of the distribution werk. The force employed oa | itcea be dispensed wih. The labor of mailing he mever orymating at the large offices will, | douttlees, be greater than now, as maily will have to be div. ded into agreater number of packages; but it is increrse wail be eraall in conrparisen with | the aistrebonon work that will be disc ued. If » clerk hire is neceseary than whet the delivery 1 pay for, it wiil be better and safer ¢ matter to the Postmaster General, to dinona! clerkehipe, and pay for them out of the general fond, than tacur the liability the abuses which you eo well know the preseat system ie subject to The time hes arrived when it becomes a press wty to simplify and economize the op post offices. Congress will, doubth A veet increase i uo etect increase of burivess in the haudhag and chorge of these letters, in the processes of re mailing, delivering, and secounting. D Coan be dispensed with, like those of distribus tion, should ve aboliched, in order to apply the force occupied by them t reessary labors The undersigned is satislied, from a trial of four- teen yeurs, thet the business of the Contract Of », faithfully performed, devolves on the officer hos itin che what, o! (be lowest estimate, nd on fir compativen, auovnts to a double tush. tee Rétief w ded, to seine exte without iwwywry rvice, by establishing agents « dilierent eections of the United States, of sponding fmneuons with the Exglish Sur cf Poste, to thke charge ef certain matters of mail orrergement's in his section, m which personal ob- servation on the epot, is beneficial, and make the contracts, subject to confiumaiion by the Postmas- ¢ of routes. This mieht be eftreted by some mod m of the prereat epecial ogencies, and some alterations in he ‘aw. Tr would 1! farther relief, and give more ciency to the service, if th contractswas regulated as in Ui tien of the Leh mail eervice. jluslead of termin futely ut th ation of four treet continu t beyond the t f dey ent € contractor gives siX moaths no- jee Of intendon determine i oa that day, with power to either, by like wotice given at a certain subsequent pe never coniracis were mutaa'ly satiafar- r terme, aod w med, they would ow over, and thus ¢ lerate those © viens in the eervice that encceed each annaal le now, end so seriously dis », forseveral months, ene ion of the Uni ¢ in four years, with be to a change of contracts. LDeheving that iteen be, short treasvry to the cost of tran private corres. pondrore—an low ae to he relieved from that por. and which ts, ¢ expense of certtin raeasite the public at larwe shoold sts tee of the mails: posed to defray | ulin poliey, so to urge the importance of having a tmiform rate of postage, free from all exceptions that woald in- | ertere wil the simplicity of t *, se that | i trees in the peat bil! and the acco: mey be # colely by the number of rates, counting a a etier as two, and so on. There might be ope rate for unpaid, aed another (to be le) for peid levers; for the entries of unpaid and paid rostepe P f eporate There might he a separnie mie for newspapers, because they cerpet be entered in the post bill; trtthe scoougt | of them should be kept by a quarterly exhibit. If tmypblet postege fe not to be the sume as news- prper, let it be, with a view to the accounts, double the newapeper postage, eo that @ pamphlet may be entered in the newspaper accounts as two pewespopers; and whe there je an additional charge on recount of execes of weight, let it be mode of full end not fractional tates, as at present A diccriminetion might be made ia a lower rate, | for peid newepepers and pamplets, withont inter feripg with this principle of erevenience in the which is a matter, certainly, worthy of ideretion in framicg the provisions of yet ¢ coretnle p trbation of Mails,” | the law, since it will promote degpateh ia busi- neee ond securacy inthe accounts, and save labor tore of things, the low raiform let- end the lowest rate for ail other places to which lettersare sent by sea conveyance. But the Poate master General should have the power of modify- ing theee ra‘es to conform to those of other coun- tries, the better to enable hun to make internation- al mail arrangements, or counteract any unfavora- ble postal policy in other governments. Respectfully submitted, S. R. Honnig, First Asst. P’master Gen’l. To Hon, N. K. Hai.., Postmaster General. {F) UNITED STATES MAIL SERVICE ABROAD, AS_IN OPE* RATION ON THE FIRST OF OCTOBER, 1850. 1st—New York, by Southampton. Kngland, to Bre- merhaven, Germany—Distance 3,750 miles—Once @ menth—Contracted for by the Ocean Steam Naviga- tion Company. U. H. Sand, President, at an annual cont of $200.00. Under contract with the Postmaster Sener, agreeably to an act of Congress, of 8d March, 24—Charleston, 8 ©., by Savannah, Ga, and Koy West, Fla, to Havana, Cuba—Distence, 669 miles— Twice a menth—Contracted for by M. C. Mordecai, at sn ennees ane a ae. Under contract with the master General. agreeably to acts longress of March 3d, 1847, ond 10th aly 1848, es 8d--New York, by Charlestoa, Pavannah, and Ha- vana— Distance, 1.400 miles; New York, to New Or- leans, La.—700 miles; and from Havana to Chagres, Now Granada—1,200 miles—Twice a mon ontract- ed for by G Law. M O Roberts, & B Melivaine, t ep annual ecst of $290,000. Under contract with he Seeretary of the Navy, agreeably to act of Con- ress of the 8d March, 1847 4th—Astoris, Oregon. by San Francisco, California, Monterey, and San Diego to Pauama, New Granada— Distance, 0 miles—Once & mout! ntracted for by W. Hi. Aspinwell, at an annual cort of $199 000. Un- cer centract with the Secretary of the Navy. agree~ bly to act of Congress of 3a March, 1847; semi- month. J rervice ia performed en this route, in conaeetion with route No 3; the additional compensation there. or remains to be adjusted. 4th—An extension; Panema to Ghagee--Distanoe, - $50 per trip for first 100 bs. ch susceeding 100 Ibs, Ser- 0 milee—Twice r u each mail, and $12 vioe ie performed by the New Granadian goverment, under treaty bth—New York to Liverpocl, England--Distan: 3.100 miles—Txice # month for eight monthe, a once a month the residue of the year--Contracted foe K. Collins, James Brown, and 8 annus! cost of $285 000. Unde 'Se- oretary of the Navy, agreeably to aa act of Vongress of 3a March, 1847, 6th—New York, by Cowes to Havre, Franee—Dis- tance, 3.270 miles -Once every other month—Contracte ed for by the Ocean Steam Navigation Company; Mortimer Livingston, Agent, at au aunuai cost of $74.00, Embraced in the Bremen contract 1sute, No. 1, with Postmaster Generel. 8. K. HOBBIR, Firat Ast. P.M. Q. Hydrophobia, |Prom the Washington Republic ] We find che following among the miscellaneous selections of the Charleston (3.C.) Mereury. If itis an authenue statement, and M. Buisson ia a person wortby of credence, the information which il discloses is of grave importance, not only to the medical faculty, but to the whole human family. That the Academy of Sciences should have treat- ed it with disregard so long is, perhaps, attributa- ble to its having been «mony mously commuaicatwds “* M. Buisson has written to the Paris Academy of Sciences, to claim as his a small treatise oa hy- dropho! addressed to the Academy so far back as 1935, und signed with a single initial, The case referred to in that treaty was his own. The parti- culars and the mode of cure adopted were as follows He had been called to visita womaa who, for three days, was said to be suffering under this disease. She head the usual symptoms, constriction of the throat, inability to swallow, abundant secretion of ealiva, and fowming atthe mouth. Her neighbors suid she had been bitten by a mad dog, about forty days before. At her own urgent entreaties she was bled, and died afew hours after, as was expected. M. Buisson, who had hia hands covered with diood, incautiously cleansed them with a towel which hed been used to wipe the mouth of the pa- tient. He then bad an ulceration upon one of his fingers, yet thought it sufficient to wipe off the sale va that adhered with @ lite water. The ninth day after, being in his cabriolet, he was sudvealy seized with @ pain in his throat, and one still greater in hiseyes. The salva wns continnally pooring into his miouth; the impression of a current of air, nnd the sight of brillaat bodies, gave him a@ painfal sensation; his body appeared to him soy tight (nat he felt though he covld leep to @ prodigioas height. He experienced, he ead, a wish to run und bite, not men, but aniwals a bodies. Finally, he drank with diffi the sight of water was still more distre thao the psia in the throat. Turse inanim+'e [ sympto ns recurred every five minutes, and it appeared te him es though the pain commenced in the af- fected finger, and extended thence to the shouider. From the whole of the symptoms, he jaded birowelt wtilicted with hydrephodia, and resolved to terainate his life by sirifling himself in u vapor bath. Having entered one for this purpose, he caused the heat to be 1uised to one hundred and seventy do- grees thirty-six minutes Fahrenheit, when he was equally surprised ead delighted to fiad hunseif free ot ell Complaint. He left the bathiag room well, giced beartily, and drank more than usual. Sisce that me, he says, he has treated in the came man- ner geore then eighty persons bitten, ia four of whom the symptoms bed deciared (hemse ive: in no onve bas be failed. exes ptin case of once seven years old, Why died in the beth. ° t he recommenda is, that the person bit pould take « cerain nembe vapor Satha, (com- meoly called Rustian) end shoult induce ever, night a violeut perspiration, by wrapping hime in flannels, and covering himself wih @ feather bed ; the perspiration is favored by draking freely ofa warm decoction of sarsaparila, i so convinced is he of the eflicncy of his mi treatment, that be wall sufler bimself to be % lated with the dieeare. As ap f the utility of copious and contional perspiration, he relates the following anecd A relative of the musician Gretry was bitten by u mad 4 atthe same time with many oher persons, who all died of hydro- phobia this part, feeti of the devare he took seying that he wished to ¢ ae M. Buisson also cites the old stories of dive bemg a remedy for the bite of a trraninta; a | draws attention to thre fwet that tae saimals ia which this madness is most frequeatly found to de clop Hteclf spontaneourty, are dogs, wolves, and foxes, which never persyire.”” Towa —The gura! address of Stephea Temp ad wos delivered to the L ture at lows Oity ov the 4th Deeember. d beeutfully democra the iden thot the world anch We -—“With uo bioks MOT K wd panic by their ‘ailures, ADs t corporat ee fore laws, our citzens, relying on md ft are adyencing steadily to corre. tence end wealih, showing to the world that awk judy pay me and sy » are Urner cesaery to re i prosperity de nee nud liberty # been ac wihovt vaion and the obeivence of the lias, they con never be m \ Mour Kronarrt © learn from the ¢ trevilte (Md.) Tomes, thate youn? moo, ¢ Joho Downes, was tekon nip Onoreh I a lawann, ¢ rasta ote, Christmas night, by 7 tempting to eel anegr hom he hed stolen fr Tame Mr myrna, Del, on Chrictmas Ti Da wo Con eTéles, one ef whom Was ne worthy, who eseuped the viguance of ¢ Downer ead the boy were cormmitted to the G treville jail. Subsequently owner of the shiv enived from Sivrae, and took him hew Downes ja still in prieon. Conanreation Parciriraten tro a Centan = Ac essing vecident acc wn! Bevnoltevi'te Jeflereon comnty, the other day, dunng quarlecdy meeting. An iovitation wae pgivew for persons to come forwerd for prayer; « large nanber pre. sented themeelves, and the conmreration pressed forward to see the procesdiogs, when the jouw under the floor gave way, end about ore handee end fifty per mea, ten, were peecipitated in the cellar, inn heap, with a glowing stove aihe centre. Several were injared more or leee—fout being bedly burned. One has since died, =~ Jdereey City Advertiser, Jan. 4. Darise Ronneny — Last week we wave covpt ot the robbery of the County ©: rioners Office, on two cecnsione, and ther, we have been informed that the of the Sheriff of this county, was he ef a similar deed quite recently beenee of a few moments of the sh deputies, the iron safe of the office was nalocked avd sixty dollars taken therefrom. When the sheriff returned, he found the chest lyeked, but the money gone. The most vigilant efforts to dis ver the thief have as yet failed. This ta verity bearding the lion in his den.”—Balt. Co. Jack- ter rate Ww . include the sea-coing le'ters. But the pertepe on them neecs alteration There are pew no lees than ten or eleven differest rates of peste ge on that clues of lettets—a most perplexing diversity, Ljndge thet two rates would be suf. fie nt, the highest, for correepondener with the Festern continent aod its islands, with South America, and all places oa the Pacitic and beyond, some - Tor Leerstar s at Larrisburgh, t Toesday. A U.S Senator is to be chosen on the Mth inat., in place of Mr. Stury con, Dem, whose term of service expires on the 4h of March next. The Locofoco majority on joint ballot in the Legislature, is 17.