The New York Herald Newspaper, September 17, 1850, Page 3

‘them, as he had felt suti-tied he could, he obtained pa IO confessions vf the Drurys of their guilt, the t Drury wdnmting that he had made, or the box made aad seut, aad the younger -— had carried it to the house of Thomas ‘amer, with a full knowiedge of what it was, for the of taking Mr. Waruer’s life—That the plain wil prove on the trial (if allowed) the de- tails ef the whole transaction, to verify and ex- plain these genera! ail-gations, being advised that it is only proper to set forth facts, and not the evidence of fete, in this his reply—that havi obtained complete evidence against the suspecte he concluded, the plaintiff communicated it tethe rauthorities, and left it with them for their a—That in all his conduct he was ani- mated by a sense of duty to the community, and that he neither formed nor entered into conspira- cies, to igre or destroy the Drurys, nor did he do anything that was not perfectly legal and proper, and consistent withthe usual! course of tan police inthe cent = of successtul and ingenious felons. Four th.—Subject to the onjection already taken, without waiving it, and as to the matters coa- tained within the above mentioned folios ofthe an- swer, tne plaintiff replies:—That any aid he may have furnished or designed furnishing to the au- thorities, in the detection und arrest of criminals, ‘was frem a sense of duty, ax well as because it fell within the scepe of and wa@ede of the objects of instituting the National e Gazette—That io publishing the lives and accounts of the doings of criminals, he inteaded to waiu the public against them, and to give what he deemed to be valuable information to the members of the police of the city of New York and elsewhere—That the plan tormed for the conviction of the Drurys, was con- sined te the plaintiff's breast oriyinally, and had no Tel whatever to others, and was oaly com- mt ited to.others as it was necessary to make them imstrumental in carrving it out, or executing it+That there was no agreement or commuaica- tion, whatever, betweeu hin and others, as to or ‘upon the details of the plan, or the execution of it, poet se far as others were willing to and did act under his direction—That William H. Thompson ‘was not formally engaged by him to assist ia the developement of the plan; but that, understanding that the elder Drury wus trying to implicate him, he effered his services to the plaiatidl, and they ‘Were acoepted—That Thompson was to represent to the Drurys, for the purpose of bringing him ia contact with them withou: exciting theirsuspieion, ‘that he had a lot of engraver’s dies hid in a stone fence, in a lonely part of the Fifth avenue, near the r Reservoir, which had been previous! in Boa- ton, and for which a reward of tive huadred dollars was eflered, and that if they or either of them would | come there on an indicated night, they should re- ceive them—That the plainuff had reason to be- lieve that the elder Drury was engaged at thia time ia counterfeiting, and would eagerly embrace the opportunity of posseasing himself of such va- tuable means of carrying on his operations—That thia representation was made by Thompson to the elder Drury, as the plainuff is informed and be- lieves, amd gave rise to the meeting between ‘Thompson and the younger Drury, and that it was supposed both the Drurys might come at the time appoimted—Taat Thompron was not to pretend,and did net pretend, to elicit @ confession from the younger Drury, that he had carried the torpedo box; Out that it was anticipated that the younger Drury would (as he did) admit it—That Margaret O’Con- nor, the reputed mistress of William Darlington, having beea couvicted in the city of Boston, eg for passing counterfeit money, which it was un- derstood had been furnished to her by the elder Drury, it was suj posed that Darlington would wil- tingly assist in ebdtaining evidence of his having furnished the counterfeit money, and also of his connection with the torpedo box, and that ia con- sequence of this, Darlingtoa was first introduced in the matter—That Shomeeen was not to pretend, and did net pretend, to eltcita confession from the elder Drury, that the torpedo box was made and sent by him, but that it was supposed he would (as he did) acknowledge the fact—That William O. Jenkins and Dominic Crassous were policemen at- tached tothe Sixth Distnet Police of the city of New York, and were not previously informed ofthe Aature of the business for which they were select- ed—That the plaintiff hus not suflicient knowledge to form a belief aa to whether the conspiring and “greeing, the conspiracy and the several acts, say- angsand domgs relating thereto, particularly set éorth im the anewer, is and ure the conspiring and the censpiracy referred to, and meant, aad in‘end- ed by the hbel inquestion—And the plaintiff further veoplies, that he has not eutlicient knowledge to form a belief as to whether Thompson made tre “corpedo, and employed the qeeneee Drury to de- liver it at the house of Mr. Warner, aa or ia maa- ’ form as alleged in the answer; but the piuintiff, upon his information and belief, denies “dvat the torpedo was made by Thompson or carried ‘oy the younger Drury,in igaorance of its character or object, as or im manner and formas alleged in che, answer; and, on the contrary, alleges that ‘Thompsoa neither made, sent or carried the tor- pedo, ner bad any connection with it, or kno ledge of it beforehand—And the Fey! deni: that all and singular the premises alleged between olios fifty (50) and fifty-three (53) of the ans ‘were or are known to him, 49 alleged in the @ ewer, or that they are true as alleged therein, or, vhat knowing such facts, he conspired with Thomap- gon or Thompeon with him, to accuse and convict, or cause and procure to be accused and convicted, or falsely to accuse and convict, or cause and pro- cure to be falsely accused and convicted, the elder Drury of neving contrived, made, and sent, and the younger ury of having, with a guilty knowledge, delivered the torpedo asin the cnswerfully aud'untruly alleged at folios fifty-three, <58) +, (54) and fifty-tive, (55) thereof And the leper Sane on ho! ¥ hi Ab, comapired an reed wit! im as the an- ewer alleged, it phy agreed that they should by che several means, and in the manner, and under che circumstances and conditions, aud with the knowledge therein set forth, do the several ac’ and make the several false resentatious an pretences therein set forth, in order to obtain from che younger Drury the declaration, and with the fartheriotent therein referred to.—And the plain- till denies that the one & 7 — of che conspiracy and agreement alleged io the answer, used the several penee, did the several acts, an: made the several false representations and pre- ‘iences therein, and in manner as therein set forth. ——And the platotiff denies that he end Thompson, conspiring and agreeing, with the intent and in the manner tn the answer set forth, and agreed to engage and procure the aid Darling- ton, in the maaner and for the purpose therein, and as therein stated, and did, in pursuence of such conspiring and agreeing, engage and ure the aid of Darliagton, inthe manner and the pur- therein, and as therein stated; or that Thempesa, Darlington and the plaintiff, further conspired and agreed to accuse and convict, or cause to be accused and convicted, or falsely ac- couse and convict, or cause and procure to be false- ly. and convicted, the Drarys of the offences, and as in the anewer alleged, and in pur- aon, Darlington and the plaintiit, by the several means, in the manner and underthe cireum- stances therein, and as thereia set forth, should do the several acts, and make the several false repre- sentations and pretences therein set forth, for the purpose and with the intent, and to gain the end 1 ively, in ace of the ement and knowledge in the ai conspired and agreed eee, Thompsoa and Darlington, both or enher of them, to use the several means, do the geveralacts, and e the several false represen- tations the! and as therein set forth, and with the several intents, or some, or one of them, thereim set forth, and did, in pursuance thereof, ‘use the several means, do the several acts, and make the several false representat and pretences therein, in manner and herein set forth, and with the several intents or some or one of them therein set forth; or that he, with ‘Thompson aad Darlington, or with them end any other person, conspired and eed to do the several acts and make the several falee repre- sentations therein, in manner and in the answer set forth, and with the several intents, or some or one of them therem set forth, and did, in pursuance (hereof, use the several means, do the several acts, and make the several false represen- tations therein, and as therein set forth, and with the several intents, or some or one of them, therein tends to detame him. admitted. justificati tral Sixth—That these matters amount to an agata- belief or with the hope of establish justifiea- and so laintif! will insist on the trial. Seventh—That the answer from folio sixty-four C64) to folie eighty-six (86) sets forth facta which are ble under the ** Code of Procedare” ai to which to seek to compel the Pe vivesily asking from him adie covery worer oath, whieh cannot be, ex by hie personal examination ~That the riniatitt does not waive ‘hie objection, but distintinetly reserves it for the trial, or any future occasion, when it can be properly urged; and that, subjeet to this ebjec- tion of irrelevant or redundant matter, his reply to chet part of the answer is made. Evghth—Subdject to the objection already taken, and without waiving it, and as to the matters con- teined within the Jest mentioned folios of the ewer, the plointiff replies: That he has not suffi- cxen! knowledge ‘o form a belief what statements the my pe of still further defaming the plaintiff ; ip wet ig plaiati suance thereof did conspire and agree, that Thomp- | thereia set forth; or that they did severally and | set forth—And the plaintifi denies that the fibel complained of is true, in any respect in which it Fifth—Thet the matters pleaded in justification of the hbel—even if properly pleaded, which is not ¢ insufficient, and do not amount to & in law or fact, and cannot be used for | and so the plaintiff will insist on the vation of the ryt are set forth, not in the Or comments upon the cheryes against the persons spoken of at tolio sixty -tive (05) umd euxty-aix (86) of the answer, were pulled by the defendan! as therein alleged, or whi! state menis oF co f defendant meana w refer 0, (he o2me not being specified therein—T hat it tae diiferent alleged ex- tracts from vublicauoas in the Nut Police Gazette, set forth in the answer, are allowed as evidence on the trial, the plaintiff will produce the several pumbers of the paper referred to, and insist upon reading the whole of the publications, and so te ications upon the subject in that paper, (if 80 advised), and the different causes or matters giving rise to them ; and be will further claim the right to prove that all facts stated in them are true, or were believed or suoposed, or that there was reasonable ground for be! neil oF supposing them to be true, at the time of publication, dud that whatever comments were indulged ia, were war- rented by the fucts,or were such as fell within the range of legitimute comment. Thatastothe effect or meaning of the publication last referred to, the ange has not sufiicient knowledge to forin a be- ief, being advised that under legal instructions from the court, their effect end meaning are qnes- tions ct fact for the decision of a jury ; aud he there- elation to this, puts himself upon the judg- ment of the court. _Ninth—That the defendant has, almost ever since the conduct and course of the plaintiff, in re- lation and leading to the arrest of the Drurys was krown,advocated them,directly or indirectly, inthe columns of his paper, impeaching the motives of all concerned in their arrest, and even of the anthori- ties and those acting in concert with, or under them, in the discharge of duties they were required to perform; and that he has tried in every way, through the publication of matters which were ut- terly untrue, to prejudice and incense the public aginst those concerned in, or conaected with, the the prosecution, and particularly against the plain- titi—that the articles referred *o in the answer written by the plaintiff. were intended to meet these attempts on the part of the defendant, and to vindi- cate especially the plaintiff’s participation in what is generally known in the community as the “Drur Cases” or “ Drury Matters” —that the plaisti! bc e'aim the right to prove these facts on the trial. Tenth—That the libel was not written by Dar- lington to serve the ends of justice, or for the fur- ther or other purposes fully and watruly stated in the answer; and that the defendant did aot publish it as an item of public ewe, and with the view and intent and for the purposes therein fully and untruly alleged; and that the defendant did not believe it to be true, and publish it in consequence of or enter- taining that belief, and as an item of public news end not otherwise, and not with any malicious or vindictive motive, nor for or withont any unworthy or improper intent or motive whatsoever, as therein fully and untruly alleged. Eleventh—That the defendant is a common libel- Isr, and that he published the libel in that spirit; and so the plaintiff will claim the right to prove on the trial. Tweifth—That the mattera set forth between the last mentioned folios; constitute no defence in bar of the action, and the ground on which they are. offered, not being stated in the answer, the plaintiff will insist, on the trial, that they cannot be re- ceived in evidence. Thirteenth—That everything in the answer con- tained, inconsistent with or opposed to the allega- tions herein, is untrue, aud the plaintiff claims the benefit of this as a general denial. Fourteenth—He objects to the answer, tiirst, that the pretended defences are not separately stated, nor can they be intelligibly distinguished ; second, that the grounds on which they are interposed, whether in justification or mitigation, in bar of the action or otherwise, are not stated; third, that they are not defences nor available in defence 3.and he claims the same benefit from these several ob- jections as if he had demurred to the answer. JNO. GRAHAM, Atty, for Plif. City and County of New-York, ss ;—George Wilkes, the plaintifl in the above action, bei ju- ly affirmed, doth say, thet he has heard read the foregoing reply, and knows the contents thereof, and that the same is trae of his own knowledge, except as to the matters which are therein state to be on his information aad belief; and as to those matters he believes it to be true. Affirmed before me, August 10th, 1950. Revert D. Horas, Com’r. of Deeds. Grorot Witxes. PEMURRER. NEW YORK COMMON PTLEAS. George Wilkes against James Gordon Bennett .— James Gordon Bennett, the defendant, by Benja- min Galbraith, his attorney, demure to so much and such parts of the reply in this action as is after mp and says—That so much of the reply of the plaintiff to the defence, set up by the answer of the defendant to the trth of the matter charged as defamatory, and of the mitigating circumstances by the defendant set forth, is 1 cient ; and the defendant states the grounds of demurrer, and such ag ps ome Oo be— 1. That several portions of the distin- guished by the words se: third, sixth, seventh, ninth, eleventh, t thirteenth, four- teenth, set ite thereto in margin of the eaid reply, and so much of that portion of the re- ply w! is sere tern by the word fourth, set opposite thereto in the mai of the said reply, from. the commencement of such portion on folio sixth of the said reply to the words * knowledge of it be- forehand,” on folio fourteenth of the said reply, and so much of that portion of the reply whic! distinguished by the word eight, set opposite there- to in the mai of the said reply, from the words “that if the diflerent alleged extracts,” on folio twenty-four in that ion of the reply, to the end of that portion of the reply, although they Teepec- tively purport to be a reply to the defence set up by the defendant, are respectively neither a bein f nerally or particularly by the plaintiff of each al- £ tion controverted by him, or any knowledge or int tion thereof sufficient to form a belief ; nor does the plaintiff, in any ae or part of the reply above indicated, allege in ordinary and concise languoge, without repetition, and in such a manaer fas to enable a person of common understanding to know what is intended, any new matter not incon- sistent with the complaint, in avoidance of the an- swer or of any defence set up therein. 2. ‘The portions of the reply distinguished by the word fifth, opposite thereto in the mar, the said , is also insufficient, because it dors not alle ordinary and concise language, and in such @ manner as to enable a person of common understanding te know what is intended thereby ; nor does it argent thereby with reasonable n= ty, whether the plaini tends such of the reply as a demurrerto the answer ora reply thereto ; nor whether the plaintiff! means thereby to oy that he will insist on the insufficiency of the ndant’s answer on the trial of an issue of fact or the trial of an issue of law. 3. The portion of the reply distinguished by the word thirteenth, set ite thereto im the margin of the said reply, is insufficient, because it does not repetion, and in such @ manner as to ena! son of common understanding to know which are the parts of the defendant's answer inconsistent xe or oppeand to, reply, #o as to ascertain S efine how muc! what portion CE HS the answer is intended to be deni Li 4. The ions of the reply distinguished by words “ eighth and ninth,” set opposite thereto in the margin of the said reply, are also insuffi- cient, because they state jusions from alleged facts, and not the alleged fucts themselves; and also because they seek to justify the publication by the plaintiff of certain articles set » “, the de- fendant in his answer, as having provoked the pub- | lication alleged by the plaintiff to be libellous, and which is the cause of action alleged in this action, and as well because no such justification is or was admissible by such reply, as because such justi- fication is insufficiently pleaded, because it alleges conclusions from facts by way of justification, in- stead of alleging facts themeelves. 5. The last ——s ragraph of that pot disti * the wee — set | ite thereto in the margin o: 5 in further oe re, it does wes ey erally, or particularly, the allegation in the an- Qe, that the all bel, so far asthe same is concerning the tiff, is trae, but denies only that the alleged libel is true in any in which it tends to defame him, the plaintiff, and because the reply aseumes that the alleged libel dods defame the plaintiff, which isa point in issue. 6. The portion of the reply distinguished by the word “ fourteenth,” set opposite thereto in the mar- sin of the said reply, is alse insufficient, because it | hy not allege in ordinary and concise language, without repetition, and in such a manner as to en- able a person of common understanding to know | whether the plaintiff intends thereby to raise an issue or issues of law, and have the same tried by the Court, or how he will seek the benefit of his © range and have the sufficiency of such objec- tions tested. 7. And the defendant says that such reply is fur- | ther insufficient on other and different grounds, tion, or the C@th thereof, but with m: , and for appearing on the face thereof, and which he will insist upon on the trial of the issue of law fi by thie demurrer. B. Gaenart, Defendant's Attorney. New Yorn, Aug. 27, 1850. Tonver tHroven Tax Biv Rives Moustaw.— The great tunnel through the Blue Ridge has been fairly commenced. The workmen have excavated about 70 feet of the mein tunnel on the western side of the mountain, and their ress thus far has been entirely thi slate rock. As only nine men are able to ‘at a time, it is slow bu sinees, although they work day and night. It will Tequire four or Ore yeare before this work is completed. when it is done, it will bes monument of Virginia re, and a fountain of trade end prosperity, w! cannot be 1 similar work om this conunent.—, (Va.) Republican, Sept. le excellent polish, chemists have extracted an allege in ordinary and concise me Argan | & per- eS Our New Jersey Correspondence. Camorn, Aug. 81, 1850. Geological and Topographical View of New Sersey, continued. In my last letter I described the features of the second division of the geology of New Jersey; and in this I will minutely describe the third. In this division, which might properly be styled the “mountainous division,” and which extends in breadth varying from fifteen to thirty-five miles, im right engles with the general course of the mountains, the geological formations are strangely blended, in some places, almost iaexplicably confounded. This district is exceedingly interest- ing—far more ee thaa the others, not only in con- sequence of its broken geolegy, but also from the variety of soil, surface, &c., and its mineral and vegetable productions. Rocks of a pretty uniform cherecter are found im the primitive ridges; but they are generally of a coarse and uneven texture and surface, aggregated with crystals of quartz and feldspar. Sometimes they contain considera- ble quantities ef shorl, garnets, hornblende, epi- dote, and mica; and, in several places, I have no- ticed, that for a considerable distance between these rocks, none of the shorl or garnet minerals can be found. Granite, gneiss, and sienite, are formed in this section by the blending and combi- pation of these materials. Also, at some points, the pepraltive gteensione is seen, _ The most common rocks in the transition sec- tien are granwacke and granwacke elate; but there are beautiful mural precipices miles in length, pre- sented by the range of mountains in Bergen and Morris counties, of Long Pond, Green Pond, and Raffenbe rg, which are composed of a reddish brown granwacke, interspersed with indurated clay, red and white jasper, and red and white quartz. The rocks incline to the north-west, at an angle of t 40 deg, in cven stratifications ; and, singula’ it may seem, they are abundantly dispersed over and along the banks of the Pequan- nock,from Pompton to Newfoundiand. Adjacent to the Pequannock, granwacke, in place, resiing on sienite, is frequently observed. At Kingwood, Mount Pleasant and Suckasunny, magnetic iron ore of excellent quality is extensively mined. These Tanges, according to geological surveys, are on the strata extending nearly 300 milee in length from the White Hills of New Hampshire to Black River, and consequently embrace some of the richest and moet productive iron mines ia the United States.— The beds are from 8 to 12 feet in thickness, and the ore is of a remarkably exceilent quality. Cal- careous spar and esbestos are frequent, and sulphu- ret of iron abounds in many parts of the highlands. The most extensive bed of the last which haa yet been discovered, is that in Morris county, near the eastern base of the Copperas Mountain, and oppo- site Green Pond. During the last war with Great Britain, considerable quantities of copperas was manufactured here. Some of the ore in this re- gion is so highly impregnated with sulphur. that it is rendered entirely useless for the forge. There ia aie found here large quentities of graphite or black ead. Large plates of black mica, chrystalyzed ia hexa- edral form, sometimes a foot in diameter, have been found on the Ramapo river, near the Monvoe Iron works. In the elevated primitive ranges west of the transition district, compact feldspar and epi- dote are very common ; and in various parts of the transition range, fg a limestone is also found. Tm the vicinity of New Germantown, and on a line running southwest and nertheast from that poin', pudding Lmestone, of a quality equal to that used in the Capitol at Washicg‘oa, is abundantly digpersed, and it is frequently converted iato lime ‘West of Pompton Plains, in the primitive range of Morris county, in what is called Stony Brook Moun- tain, chlorite slate is found in considerable quanti- 5 and quite recently granular limestone has also en quarried in the same mountain. This mine- ral is of a beautifully clear white, admitting of an and is often associated with ami- anthus and tale, a ernating in narrow veins. There is a greyish-white marble found in the same ity. whch is rendered porphyritic by re. of noble serpentine distributed through if t is exceedingly hard, and admits of a highly beautiful polish. There have also been observ metallic crystals, supposed to be chromate of iron, in the tale dat this place. From this mineri id, which, if unite: with lead, forms chromate of lead, and which is considered a valuable pigment. Adjacent to Green Pond, @ beautiful specimen of galena has been found in the granmacke ranges, and tremolite seems to be extensively connected with the granular lime- stone of Stoney Brook. After we ascend northwest of the transitioa, we jain arrive at a point where the primitive * re- sumes its empire,” and it then includes the Wall- kill and Hamburg mountains. The: ataine are then ecatinued by intersecting Nehool ley’s and the Musconetcong, from the line of New York to that of Pennsylvania, without even being broken by the interruption of a stream. The primitive, the secondary, and transition formations appear as if they were combined in this ridge, and a portion of the primitive section west of it. There are quite a number of innominate hills in this section, such as Marbie mountain, Scott's mountain, Jenny Jump, Furnace mountain, Pimple hills, and huck mountain. The whole of this is a remark: bly ood mineral district—the best in New Jersey. hly magnetic iron ore, but which is blended with fore substanges to a considerable extent, is found in Schooley’s and Musconeteong mountains. ‘The foreign substances in this ore render it almost impoesible, in some instances, to produce lquefac- tion. I remember, when but a lad, of filling my pockets with an excellent quality of gun-fints, which are dispersed in abundance along the sides of this hill, and also in the valley. The Sparta, or Wallkill valley, lies west of the Hamburgh mountains, running in ® northeasterly direction a distance of about twenty miles, to the State of New York. This valley is quite notorious for the number and variety of ite minerals. The bottom of the valley rests upon a white erystalized limestone and marble, which rise into alow sub- sidiary ridge, and follows the course of the stream for nearly nine miles in extent. The greatest and moet interesting features of this valley, however, are the metalliferous deposits. The first bed, which is at Franklin furnace, appeare like a black moun- tain mass; but it contains iron ore, very little mag- netic, and, ‘as a new metailiferous combination, has Cee | the Cy HA ee ae composed per cent of iron, zine, an of the red oxide of manganese. When the Frank- lin furnace was first constructed, it was supposed that the ore was exceedingly valuaMe, bui uvon testing its quality, after the Mimmace had heen erect- ed, it was ieund to the grea: disappointment of its proprietor, Mr. Fowler, ** that the ore was not only irreducible to metallic iron, but that it obstructed the fosion ef ether ores” It could not be em- ployed in as small a quantity as one-tenth of the tee bs ean it was mized, without acing what smelters designate a salaman- der—that is, an alloy of iron with mongnaees. which resists fusion, and crystalizes under the blast. At this furnace it has eh ly intermixed with the red oxide of zine. This bed ceases to be discernible om the surface two miles north of the furnace ; still, it may be traced a dix tance of some seven or eight miles to the south-east. Another huge mass of this mineral is found at Stir- ling; it is, however, #0 combined with the red oxide of zine, that the 'ranklinite crystals are embedded in the zine, “forming a metaiiiferour porphyry.” This ore was used to some purpose as brass, im the last war, by merely pounding end mixing it with eop- per. Frequently, but afew feet from the Franklinite, there have been large beds of magnetic oxide of iron discovered, but so extensively mixed with horn- blende rock as to make it of little worth. There has also been found near the furnace, a species of this last ore, intimately blended with plumbago. There are, likewise, curious beds of yellow garnet, im- fect sienitic granite,in which are beautiful opaque lackish brown masses of garnet, of a highresinous lustre, “erystalized on the surface, accompanied with laminated epidote; white and compact massive or minutely lamineted augite, in some parts inti- mately bepdedwith specks of vielet granvlar feld- r, resembling pettosilex ; “‘sphene, brown gar- nite, dark green granular augite, like the cocolite of Lake Cl fn hate of lime, spinetle and black He, specular iron ore, vite, pargs ite and idocras, zircon, bedded in crystals of white a short crystals of augite nearly k, assuming the appearance of voleanic rocks, apatite, an apple green feldspar in crystalline carbonate of lime, ac- companied with beautiful crystals of mica, and hexagonal plates py =) softand almost as fusible ae hornblende, a very brilliant pale green hornblende, passing into actynolite, which has been denominated maclureite, blue and white sapphire, enormous green crystals of augite, at leastan inch in diameter, presenting hexaedral and octahedral pryeme, with almost equal faees, and terminated by oblique tetrahedral pyramids. In addition to theee, geologists who have made a more minute examination of this valley, say that there have also been found here, “ scapolite, or wernerite, orsenical pyrites mixed with others, re- sembling the sulphuret of cobalt, or nickel, with a subetance hike blende, accompanied by deudrodrite, cous fluate of lime.” lcsreous roek alter- idepar and quartz, or ‘i granite. Atother places it Sesarere, sed in its place a Nae ae granwacke, almost porphyritic appears; and, contemporaneous with the other formation: ol ed to be over- brucite, bron- laid by a mass of leaden, min va J granulat secon- dary limestone, containing = ic remains of the ueval ehelle and corallines layers of blackish hornetone of petrosilex. Crystals of biue fluate of lime have been found in large numbers im this rock and alee im the granwacke ih it, The cavir and lined with pseudomorphous masses, and white fluate and quartz of crystals. Thus it wiil be ob- served, that in this section can be found, as at Lake Chemplaia, a blending together, or @ union, of all classes of rocks, except alate, buc which pass de- cidedly into each other, aa if cotemporaneous. This most wonderful formation extends into Orange county, New-York. In the mountains near Spar- ta, large m: jlea in extent, of the red oxide of zine, are ; and, aa this metal is easi!y fusi- ble, it may in time become quite valuable, and add touch to the wealth of this portion of the State. From two inconsiderable sugar-loaf peaks, com- monly known as Mia Adam and Eve, a white crys talline limestone, which is of a very singular for- mation, bas been traced to Byram township, in Sas- sex County, in an even and tniaterrupted course of about twenty-tive mules. Its width, however, ts variable—sometimes it is nearly two miles, aad oftem not more thaa two rods wide, ept at Mounts Adam end Eve, its general incliastion is low, frequenuly underly ing the limestone of « more recent date, Its continuity ia plices is seareely dircernible, except by boulders and loose stones scatiered abundantly over the surface. — Lt is sup- owed to extend to Kastop, with occasional breaks. u the primitive region, it bas been asserted that god and silver have been found ia iany places; oat on close extunination, the veins have been die covered to be notbieg bet pyrites, Which very much resemble those metals, Extensive deposits of magnetic iron ore, and other remarkable minerals, oveupy a considerable space in the primitive ridges southwest, particularly Seott’s Mountain and Jenay Jump. In Scot's Mountain, in elose proximity to Oxford Furnace, capacious mines of tron were worked. years age, tome of the shafts and drifts of which are still ob- servable, In 1832, however, Messrs. Henry aud Jordan purchesed the works, and commenced ope- rations on a more extended seale. They opened a vein of magnetic ore, whieh is blended with car- bonate of lime, from ten to twelve feet in width, enclosed by parietes of mica ehale. Theelements of primitive rock are found numerously and ocrmegets united throughout these mountains, which atiord considerable,interest to the naturalist There isa valley northwest of these primitive hills, which is about ten miles wide, extending over the northern parts of Sussex and Warren counties, and which isdrained by the Pawling kill, flowing into the Delaware. Thia is called the Pawling Kill yaa Jt is numerously dotted with little hills, knolls and low ridges, which present quite an interesting appearance, and seem scattered over the valley in much confusioa ; but still, they are easily traceable onthe inclination of the moun- taing. Limestone of the transition formation, in this valley, alternates with slate. A‘ridge of con- siderable maguitude, composed of slute, bounds this valley on the southeast side, almost from the mouth of its creek to Newton, and on the north- eest side it is equally distinguished for its limestone warries. There is another ridge of slate, suitable lor roofing and cyphering slate, fouad north of the limestone, excellent quarries of which are worked on the Delaware. Abed of granwacke has also been discovered between this slate” and the Kitta- tiny or Blue Mountains. This mountain contains the usual species of transition rocks, granwacke, in every variety of aggregation, slute, mountain limestone, and greenstone. It rises from 1,400 to 1,600 feet high, and is covered with wood, “in which the deer, bear, wolf, end most wild animals indigenous to mountamnous$ countries, still roam.” Anothcr little stream, called the Flat Kill, waters a fertile tract of transition limestoae land, in a north- western direction from the mountain. ‘The mountains of this third section are princi- pally in their natural state—only now and then a fertile cultivated farm is seen on the hill sides; the soil best adapted for agricultural pur pose: in the aljuvial valleys, which ere well calcul to produce all kinds of farm vegetables. A beau- tiful specimen of marble is found at Mendham, in this district, capable of being highly pelished, and suitable for ornamental architecture, resembling the marble of Florence. Thus heve! given in detail the most strikii features of the three grand divisions into which have divided the geological formation of the of New Jersey. Verhaps other end more minute investigations may yet discover r e_ attractive features and richer minerals in this State; but, A Farewell to America. BY LADY BMMMLINB STWART WORTLEY, reat and gracious land, jor of the earth, go ars birth— Great, good Columbia ! Yarewell! theu chosen second home Of homeiess thousands—countiess hoste That fly from desolation’s doom To those glad, hospitable coasts Of thine, Columbia! Of myriads, thou'rt the cherished goal. Farewell! thou 4‘ thourond hind farewells to thee! Ten thourand salutations fair; Theuks, tears, and praises, gushing fri ‘Aud many & hushed, heart-whispar ¥or thee, Golumbi Aye, thousand blessings, warm a1 Ten thouraud wishes for thy w A wold of homage—Imt thy And ail that heart can torm or feel, For thee, Columbia, For thou the stranger know’st to greet With welcomes glowing a the West, And well the wanderer’s wearied feet May those kind welcomes charm to rest In thee, Columbia, What con I wish thee? ‘That thought can dream or tongue can name; Plamed victory and success thy brow Have graced with every wreath of fame, Thrice crowned Columbia! ople’s great undying love lis of adamant and steel — Thy mightiest barrier this shall prove, And pledge of thy perpetual w: I wish thee? Arma and arts shed o'er thee glory’s richest gleam— Still at thy call, crowned knowledge starts— What can I wish, or think, or dream, For thee, Columbia? {—with changeless, sta! The universe shall follow. Lead! On! on! Columbia! Thy step is lightning, and thy breath n earthquake-storm, far All earth’s past life seoma sleep or deat! To thy great movements, without bound, Thy march, Columbia. Man’s loftiest happiness and good, That—that thou still do’st seek and ask; By thee 'tis nobly understood Tis made thy baa” t sovereign task, ‘ine aim, Columbia. Thou crescent country !—evermore Showing a brighter, grander Honor to thee, still o’er amd o'er, And honor to that glorious race— Thy sona, Columbia, Thy Titan sons ! they heave on high [he mountains of Yea, their own greatness To scale its sun-heights at their will. Be proud, Columbia! they of towers to aid, g P Their tow'ring heads the hei; With feet firm planted in the deeps, To serve Columbia. Their spirita sweep like waves ot fire ores beyond to break, hey still ascend, aspire, A world’s foundations seom to shake— Not thine, Columbia! Thou nobler, newer world sublime ! ‘Thou hast # long, bright race to run ; Still shall thore spirits soar and climb, Since naught seems sroatnon still ; and likely to receive from President Fillmore—com- ined till all is won ‘or thee, Volumbia. Caucasus of creation. thou! Rising above all heights yet tried ; The very spheres might seem to bow To meet, half-way, thy crest of pride— Tad empire in thele plift Renown for them ber viewing it in ite present condition, it may not be out of the way to esy, that New Jersey, aside from her manufactories, valuable and productive farms, and other sourecs of wealth, is now as rich vorti Provi lence has well edapted it in every particular, for the use and benefit of the different conditions of men, and that his grand purposes - re in », W. all the works of his hands. The London Exposition ot Indusiry. ‘We translate from the Journal des Débats, of August 19, the annexed artiele-— An additional motive has just been added to the numerous ones picody combined to induce France to send the products of her industry to the univer- sal exposition of Londo, where they are to be transported by the erament, free of charge. The exposition of London will, it seems, have a eplendie ne The idea which pervades this exposition, universe! is in such absolute con! ty with the spirit of the times, that no sooner has it been proclaimed, than other nations hasten to take itup. The United States, whose enterprising |i are determined to keep pace with Europe, ave formed a project, of easy execution, for who would place the result of their industry before the public eye. In liew of asking that all the arti- cles sent to their exhibition be menwfactured ex- presely with this view, the Americans are content to make a selection from those that shall have bee sent to London, believing, and rightly, that this is the best method for collecti»g together articles of the greatest value, as far as the interest they may creete is concerned. igen nan though ¢man- ging! om a mere private indivi ual, Mr. John J Smith, nevertheless may be considered as a ni tional one, for this gentleman, in the very outset of hi undertaking, ig sustained by recommenda- tions numerous, and coming from such high urees, that there can be no doubt with gard to sympethy and interest. The Secretary of Foreign Affairs in the United States, the Go- vernor of the State of New York, the Mayor of the am. of New York, and various other persons of high standing, give it their most cor approval. American e: ion is to take ace in 1862. The place where it will be held has not yet been definitely fixed upon, as the choice will fail upon the city which will ofler the greatest Pen ed The ye in between New York Philadelphia, and Baltimore; but this matter is of little consequence, and the precise place will be known in due time. All the costs transporta- tion te end from America, Mr. John Jay Smith is to pay. Whether the price paid by the public to witness the exposition, will suffice, or not, to in- amy f him for this, concerns, ot course, but him- self. ~ with that truly commercial spirit that characterizes his nation, he oifers in each European State, a security which will answer to every one who sends anything thi th him, that whatever article he does send, will be in no way deteriorated, and will be returned unharmed as soon as the exhibition is over. It will suffice to may that, in England, the Mesers. Baring are to be security; we do not know who is to perform thie duty in France. But Mr. Smith goes still further than this. He undertakes, if it be the desire of the exhibitors, to sell the articles for their account. Mr. Smith will contine himself to the limits which they may prescrile. With the addition to the original plan, the American exhibition will greetly resembiec a bazaar; but if thie addition has aay convenience attached to it, it is not for those. who exhibit to complein; we think, on the contrary, that the ar- —— Will please them exceeding’ 4 many of our products are marked with such excellence, thet they want bui to be known to be appreciated, is opportunity is one which our manufactures, we doub( net, will gladly improve. With & guarantee offered, which preclades ail fear, anxiety or distrust, it cannot bv t please them to show what they can do, amd that, too, to @ na- tion fond of comfort and possessing the means of acquiring it. The Americans have a strong pen- chant for the elegence of life @ la Francaur, hence Paris is the city which wealthy Americans prefer to any inthe world. The exhibitions of our pro ducte transported to London, will suggest to the population of the United States the idea of trans orting at home a part of the matérie! of Parisian Trench existence. [t appears, then, imporsible to ® ¢, that the exhibitions in the United States will not be foliowed by numerous orders here. And Heaven knows our workshens need them! it i# @ curious movement, that which at present cavees the most enlightened nations to commu’ eate to another their idena, and to seek by mutual visits, to derive from ench other elements of com- fert and welfare. The railronds that cover the contin in every potsible direction, the nu- merous steamers that cross the seas, the exhibi- tiors where nations call their neighbors to @ struggle profitable to atl, all unite in a beautifal ensemble of signs that point out the true spirit of our epoch. Since men have become more free, nations have begun to feel the necessity of ap proaching each other more cinsely, of enlight ening one another, of acting like members of a eingle family. This tie of relationship, easy (0 be treeed, that exists between liberal institutions and the facts of the kind of this universal exhibition, are not one of the minor reasons which must en- gage the enlightened men to eacoursee this oar, whether it is to teke place in London, orto be there to New York ot Phila- connected withjthis matter, Mr. John Jay Smith must be weleormed among us. Mexican Views Revative ro Cuns.—A Senor Cuevas wrote a article on Cuban affrirs, in which he says that the Cubans have no right to be free. The Momttor comes dowa on Mr. Cuevas, and gives the Spanish government a blowing wp. ’ * Thy West, Columbia! Farewell to each | farewell to all! — ‘The free, the beautiful, the gre To mount and wood, field, flood and fail, Thy walle of strength, and walks of state, And thee, Columbia! Let tears these parting sorrows tell ; Bisters, sweet sisters And, glorious brothers, fare ye weil — If there can be farewell to you, And thee, Columbia! Farewell’ to thee? hy tracks we find ; Oh! who can say “ Whe we zone, trom sea to sea, We hail thy majesty of mind, And thee, Columbia! at fleets bestride the main ; There, thy diest missions call i And there, thine artists’ souls have striven— Vor thee, Columbia. For thee, fer thy t Yee a oe sons’ creative oop nol orn s many © Fer thee, Columbia. there is no farewell to thee— more and more thine influence spreads; © move, by land or sea, ight thy presence sheds — Thy dower, Volumbia! Jerious lifes dasali ¢ all those who feel and see ; i And least of all, when bound to Which deathiess ties with thee unite, What though between old ocean roars? England scems mingling in her might Wor they are truthes and trusting onee— And each « world of feeling bears, For your Columbia! Be piecsings on y clendship and faith in giad incrense From them what wealth Whose richest freight is earth's deep Thy peace, Colum Away with reckioss strifes and ware— Those barks have nobler missions fownd ; ball (hey shed aught but concord rownd Say thou, Columbia! good shall spring, Blessed be the barks —Methinks I hear, A shout, as of thi 4 thundering voice, Peace! peace! Columbia.” jory fades, and day by day, caterpiier ond’ trade March in macuificent array. That still such progress may be made. gust 2ist, Miss Sarah Purbeck, aged forty-one Aaron Purbeck, of Boston, was a ship-master it Luther's Hyme (Translated from the German, in the same stanza as the original, by James Macbeth A stronghuld is the Lord our God ; © and armor true ; powder ao left, that fire thrown int would have lighted a train that would | up his house. He gave the and other houses were searched, and it was fou | that similar preparations had been made to explode | them. These particulars we have from the father, | thi th | After hi several yeare engaged in the naval service on board hampion of the Lord od of earth ond skies ; To Him, beavom’s boat their homage pa: We doubt Mim not ; He'll win the day Though banded devils thron, Why shonld we groatly fear thelr wrath? ° demon horts in om pon to lowe the ueurper # crown Chriet's slight eet word can strike him down, Through storm and change Christ's word endares; Why should hell's power our \carte appal | ire. dectee our seule enstres , its sunbeams hour'y fail! west —ours the gain. Driven homeles@far from child an | wife ‘of feme, of goods, of life rs for us remain — drathlees reign. Sin@u.ar Rar.aoay Accioent.—The five o'clock up trein from Bosion last evening, due here at about | fix, was delayed till about eight, some seven miles The tire on the engine wheel sud- | denly broke, and flew up through upon the track-in its passage, by letting off the | almost exclusively, night and a some odd freak, It grazed the engineer in veral places, though not seriously injuring him. Had bis position been slightly chan, tire must have bill ged, the shoot- ht have been in the way of it.— ‘owrter, Sept. Vth. fail and winter. ‘Phe Pexas Question in the United Staten : (From the London Chronicle, Aug, 28.) ‘The irregular progress and jostling of events ia the Unit States leave the spectator im whether the condition of political affairs in that country be more bregaaat with promises of safety or with menaces of danger. [t is announeed that the weight which the Senate cast so recklessly into the scale of disunion and disorder has been hastily withdrawn. Penitent or frightened, it has samed aa separate enactments, substar tially the fpr yas as pemtious. of Mr. Clay’s |, it rejectes lecisive majori- ties. So far asthe upper chamber of Congress is concersed, California is now a State, andten mil- hous of dollars are profiered to Texas ea the price of herclaims on Samta Fe. These results are only What might have been expected from the air of un- reality which tong about the miserable exhibition of the 8Ist July. Ttis not, however, quite certain that the recantation has been 30 timely or 80 com- plete as quite to restore the prospects which faded in that unfortunate sitting. ‘here seems to be grave ground for fearing that the real or apparent subservience to Texas, betrayed by the defeat of the Compromise, has emboldened the Texan Repre- sentatives to enlarge their demads, cnd the Texan government to persist in its seditious preparations ; and, at ail events, the want of seriousn +33 con- sistency which the Senate has exhibited must have the worst effect on the conduct of the lower house, whose members never feel themselves called upem to show a larger measure of self-respect o1 deceancy than the older and more reverend assembly We gave our readers to understand, in our last notice of this subject, that the strange decisiom which the Senate adopted on the last day of last moath, was chiefly to be ascribed to a change ia the dispositions of the Texan Senators. From t peculiar relation of the Texan State to the South, and from the artificial value belonging, in the pre- sent political uncertainties, to the votes of single individuals, and still more of single States, there are hardly any consequences which may not be anticipated from the perseverance of Texas in am nema licy, either at Washington or ia New exico. hether she will press further the ad- vantages she has gained, will depend maicly om the importance which she attaches to the ate payment of ten million dollars in hard e vedi- ry If she grievously wants the money—and uo small number of persons in America appear to suspect that she doee—she will probably tend her aid te further the Compensation bill just sent down by the Senate to the lower house. But Mr. Pearoa, of Maryland—the geatleman who originated this measure, and the same whose unlucky motioa de~ feated the great Compremise—has already ac- corded to her a more liberel boundary than did the project of Mr. Clay. The Texans may possibly be encouraged to believe that a ittle more clamor, and a little more obstruc- tion, may enlarge still more materially the limits assigned to their State, without subtracting a SID, is lao possibie, though not quite so eae 2 that th: le dollar from the protlered ten millions | It itation at the proceedings of New xice, he support which these proceedings seem bined with their sectional partizans! and wi their natural desire to extend the area of their do- mestic institutions—may ultimately overcome their riiality to a subsidy, and may tempt them toa old stroke for the whole of Santa Fe. It ia plain | that the more violent of the Southern party, who | do not now aflect to conceal their confident hop | that a severance of the Union is at hand, are d | everything in their power to inveigle Texas 0 the course of policy just indicated. That the Ex- ecutive at Galveston has actually despatched its militia into New Mexico, and that the Presideat and Mr. Webster have solemnly declared their intention to interfere, if necessary, between the Texan government and its so-called dependency, are probably so many reasons with these politicians for attaching themselves to the cause of the mal- content State, and for urging her to more disaa- trous extremities. It may probably tend to reader our readers mo! familiar with the termsof the question, as discussed by those immediately interesiga in it, if we remind them that Texas claims, as tory, the whole of the enor the north by the parallel of and south by the great river called the Rio del Norte. Inasmuch as Southern acquisiliveness, even when most extraordinarily developed, has never asked that an inch of ground north of 36 3@ shoud be slave soll, these pretensions of Texas— imp! thatlins should be dedicated to negro servitade— are co-extensive with the most extravagant hopes ever conceived by the South. Mr. Clay art of her own terri- area bounded eo 6 3), and on the west nde ing as they do that the territories south ef his mission of mediation between the sec Union, proposed that the di be divided by a line northe: — be roughly described a8 crossing them nally. The portion of the territory abutting on Texas was to be assigned to her, and was (herefore to form & portion of the half-dozen slave States te be hereaf- ter carved out of herarea. The residue, lying on the upper waters of the lio Granade, was to bel New Mexico, and it was to be cursed with or blessed freedom, eccording as the px settled there ould hereafter decide. Mr. Clay's arrangement at first accepted by the Texam Senators, but it was afterwards repudiated by them, on the ostensible ground of its inadequacy to their claims. Upon this schism with Mr. Clay, and upow the rejection of the Compromise bill, which was its consequence, Mr. Pearce introduced his projeet of compensation, which assigned them additional territory to the extent of about two hundred square miles. It seems that the Texan Senators showed themselves favorable to tkjs proposal, aad gane- tioned it by their votes. Since, however, the final division in the Senate, the extreme Southern parti- Po have held a meeting, and have resolved thi will support the rights of Texas to the wh trict south of 36 deg. 30 min, to insist upon them. It is to t lurements ef this skilfully disposed bait will be belonging to the House of Representatives, heightened by the intelligence that hostilities are actually commencing in the disputed districts, amd by the m ¢ of President Fillmore, deaouneil the conduct oh the Texan Executive - We have said that the policy which the T representatives may uced to adopt will, probability, determine the fate of the California and Compensation bills. Their hostility or their vaeil Jation will equally imperil these measures, and the danger of failure is largely increased by the com- position and character of the lower house of Congress. While the inexperience and comparative youth of its members render it an assembly im some reapects infinitely more hasty than the 3e- nate, their closer connection with the people, and their briefer tenure of their seats, breed a too im- licit subservience to weneral opinion and an igae- bie terror of unpopularity. Hence, though threats, denunciations, and verbal excesses a all kinds have been rife in the House of Representatives since the commencement of the sewion, it has been found absolately impossible to wring from it a clear opinion on any one point of the slave com- troversy. Not lese than two or three hundred re- solutions have been submitted for its appreval, and every one has been rejected. Ina body thus flue- tuating between timndity and passion, immense hazards must attend the career of measures which are the touchstone or popularity and the wateh- word of party zeal in every corner of the Union. Vatil we receive distinct intelligence of their auc- cessful pasting, we canaot congratulate the United States on a fortunate close of a eeason of trials Sovevrag Famuy.—Died, in Salem, Mass, Ae- he trade between Boston and Great britain, | died many years since, aged S years, On are. | urn voyage he found Boston in possession of the Britieh, and his vessel was se He, with his | family, were permitted to leave Boston, but he left | hig son, Aaron Purbeck, now of this city, in ¢ house and property there He cont it the time of the battle of t arm immediately hh the son. Afterwards Mr. Purbeck ente: my, in which he eerved two yeara and a half. ther’s death he le e army, and was privateers. After the war, he settled in this town, and was for twenty-five years master of a coasting vessel between this city and Boston, until the infir- | mities of age disabled him from this daty; although | few persons have felt less of the pressure of He was born Uctober mS and is now, % years of age—and the oldest citizen o! He is sow fyi gat the point of death. Within a week he has been walking our streets, and hie vision was so acute that he could see to pick up | pina, whieh has occupied much of his time during: the lest year or two. Mr. Purbeck was told, @ week since, that he could have as many sha’ as he wanted, and he took his wheelbarrow, and , » steadily through the day as to Perest down, and produce the disease which will | donbtlees bring ‘big to his end. He was married ‘udi | in this city to Jud | since, ged 79. She was trv th Monyan, who died three years most extraordinary been for 16 years the sole nurse , who © ipired esterday, instance of endurance, of her anne aged 41. His ¢ hter, Lots tbeck, just de- | ceased, is a sstentta of suffer , endurance, and uncomplaining patience. For nineteen years she has had spastne of the most violent character, ant excruciating even to behold, With every moves ment her bones have started from the sockets, and she has not lain down in her bed during nineteon cars. For five years one of het legs has beee bent entirely under her, and the other much se ; but during a on Monday night she became entirely straight, ‘and remained #0. —Selem Gas,