The New York Herald Newspaper, April 14, 1850, Page 1

SUNDAY MORNING, APRIL 14, 1850. ANOTHER LETTER FROM PATRICK HENRY. Wasntyeron, April 12, 1858 -Aaziety tu regard to the Nashville Convention— Complaints of the South—Introduction of the Wilmot Proviso—The Mississippi Convention— Call and Design of the Nashville Convention— * The Doctrine of State Rights—The High Grownd to be asoumed by the Delegates. ‘The greatest anxiety pervades the entire public wmind, North and South, East and West, through- -out the lengt’: and breadth of the Federal Union of ‘States and Territories, in reference to the Southem Convention, which has been called by some States -of the Southern section, to meet at Nashville, in “Tennesece, in the coming month of June. The moet absurd falsehoods have appeared in the blic journals in both sections, in reference to the ives and designs of those States which have ¢aken an active part in favor of this convention, and which they have appointed their most eminent men as delegates. The Washington papers have been teeming with nonsensical editorials, and articles extracted from other Papers, attributing the most treasonable motives to all such citizens of the re- public as are favorable to the mecting of this con- vention. Without noticing these fulse, malicious, and imaginary motives, 1 will give a brief but true account of the design of this convention of Soath- em States, and the causes which have led to its Deing called. For a series of years, there has been an unjust, ten system general legislation pursued at Vashington, which has benefited the Northern at the expense of the Southern section of the Union. The leading minds at the South perceived the ten- dency of such legislation, and that unless checked, it must, in the end, absorb the rights and equality of the Southern States in the Union. Until t introduction of the Wilmot proviso discussion, this legislation against the rights of the South had been -confined to the following causes of complaint :— 1. Unequal legislation in regard to the collection Ze f th i oprii .¢ expenditure of the revenue in appropria- -tiong almost exclusively for the beneiit of the free 3. The lack of legislation, on the part of Congress, 40 secure 4 compliance on the part of the Northern oStates, with the requirements of the federal consti- tution in reference to the surrender of fugitive slaves, 4. An evident disposition on the part of the repre- sentation from the non-slaveholding States, com- posing the majority in C: ess, to act in sectional concert, and to receive petitions to agitate the sla- very question, with the design to abolish it in the ‘Territories, and eventually force the entire South to do the same in the respective slaveholding States. All there causes of complaint did not alarm the South to such a degree us to cause their delegates to act in sectional concert in Congress, or to forget the distinctions of party in the more important object -of concert for safety and existence. _ The introduction of the Wilmot proviso principle into Congress, with the evident and ees avowed ods of depriving the Southern St ues of all right in the Territories, aroused that section from their jethargy, and incited them to prompt and detor- ai Teeistance. Jt commenced with the issuing of the celebrated Southern Address by Southern anembers of Conyress, h the exception of such nd of keeping the ties of ity between North and South unbroken.— . r to this ge address by the masses the population of the South, was very and very decided. It was deemed advisable ibat the South should act in con- cert. A couvention was held at Jackson, Mis sivsippi, in October, 1849. At this convention were anany men from other Southern States. The ecircussion of a ral convention of the Southern States wes carried on out of doors, and finally the convention itself decided to call a ithern Con- vention for June. The movement of Mississippi has been concurred in very generally by all the other “States; and though the objects of this orcad con- Tht edi be represented at Nashville, and that the convention will | ‘the voice of the South, and that it will be re-echoed trem the people of these States. The design of this convention is undowbtedly to discuss freely and yee py d the grievances of “she southern section, and to tuke a stand, a8 @ see- don, in favor of a re: + There can be possibly no-objeetion to this course. Let the South hold their convention, and then the North can be no longer in doubt of what the South want, or what they will have, or secede from the Union. Better to come to a final decision than to live along in the present excitement, which must eventually end in disunion, before the North ure aware of it. ‘The doctrine of State rights in the federal Union, isa nye that ue gg 4 — of od eure; and if any t jully and incontestibly Zaiablished. in the anfeds of the people, it is this th—that the “United States’ and ‘federal States” have the same meaning—that the consti- tution was adopted by the States as States—that ewe are not a nation of individeals, but that we are .a federal community of States, exch State ae The secession of one State would be bad enongh, would cause much embarrassment, wi hagas plunge the Union into a very gen rab civil war. Tow much better is it, then, that the entire section of Southern States should meet ia convention, discuss fully and fieely their causes of Te and the redress they seck, and demand it with a united and unbsogen front! The North will grant it, when they ece this attitude; for we honestly believe that the convention at Nashville have po of asking for anyt! By 2 the constitution not give them, if t had their rights, and which it is clear they are fully alive to now, and which if not accorded them, will sever ‘the Union sooner or later. When the convention is held, there will be no ‘r uny doubt about the true sentiments of the South, aud measures will be taken at onee which will end the controversy and eave the Union. Thave no doubt that when the convention meet at Nasbville it will take high but just ground. It will insist that the Southern portion of the Union shall not be deprived of their full and equal rights an the territory seguired from Mexico, or belonging to the Union; and that f the North prsa any act by their nuyority in Congress to do so, that they violsie the constitution, perpetrate an act of grows injustice, and destroy the oeally of the Southern States as members of the Union, by re- wt accelerating that of the the eae of the ven. aad desroving equilibriam of government. Che Nashville Convention will forther insiet that the assertion that the inhabitants of the territories have a t to form a State when and how they please, wit the consent of Congres# previously given, is utterly destitute of tion ; that it is de —— of the Statics comprising ¢ Union, to which heen a ve re declared by the constitution to be| cover them # revolutionary and anarchical in ite character, treasonable in its tendency, and unaustained by the practice of the govern- tu make a constitution and form a wers of govessienty and form a State, without the per- isan nee against the joint States of the Union, and he there have been snch acts, are utterly unant! yy the constitution,and inconsistent with the allegi- ance due tothe joint sovereignty of the States of the ‘Union;—that it fer not within the constitutional corm- Congtess to give validity to the instra- ‘ing to be the constitution of California, it the inhabitants of California into the ne a mse, A ’ ing to princi our system of govern- ment, jons derive their validity from the people by whom,and for whom, it they are made,and becauae it “would be teccanistens wet 4 Ie i principle, to wct on the assumption tha Fp Te od five vai to the ee ne . he act ts oe eis into the Ui hat the States of the ‘Soathern ge | hy jon are not to the ptovieo, no tf Visedlly bones the name of ite c ;—t author, Neon it bears it, sot because its aim ao territories of the Union, by « violation &F the const © total Shen | principle of justice , to be Po 8 eter a at aan, 1 ttle mca inten atta n niente state Leone Ronco che ay bate, metered at le brde tim hese in ES Sh Aili, Blea til ten ee eh csan att eee ea PE ALE Bh Ct Rett DIE Ok A IN SS , by a subversion of their ity a8 mora- ony he Union;—and that say atemy to admit the inhabitants of California with the intention to evade the opposition to the proviso, ought to excite a still more stern and indignant sopesition. because it would accomplish the same thing in a manner more objectionable, and involve other constitutional objections, peculiar to itself, and of a deeper and graver character, if poeeei. than what has been set forth above; that they are more objectionable, because it would effect, in- directly an surreptitiously, what the proviso pro- poses to effect openly and directly; because it would exclude the Southern States more effectually from said territory, by being inserted in the instrument ‘ing to be a constitution, and what would be Elalmed te. be scoustitution if Cor should en- doree it, than it would be if inserted in the sions of a territorial mmment; while it would be equally unjust and unfair if excluded by an insertion of the proviso by act of Congress, inasmuch as the citi- zens of said Southern States have been precluded from emigrating to said territory by the action of this government, and thereby of being a void in the formation of said instrument. ‘The Nashville Con- vention will probably resolve, also, that the time has arrived when the States of the Southern sec- tion owe it to themselves, and to the other States com the Union, to settle, fully and forever, all the questions at issue between them and the Northern section, and they would not adjourn uatil they had done so. ‘ hat the Nashville Convention will take this round Ido not doubt. 1 know such to have been the views and the opinions of the mighty mind of thet illustrious, far-seeing Southerner whose re- mains are now resting in a vault at the burying- und of the capital; and I doubt still less but that there are thousands of Southem men who think as he thought, and who will be present to give tone, dignity and weight to the proceedings of the Nash- ville Convention. I cannot close my letter without doing a simple act of justice to one whom I believe a true-hearted friend of the South. [allude to one of the Sena- tors from Mississippi—General Foote. A very erroneous impression has somehow been made upon the public mind, as to the relations of Mr. Calhoun and General Foote at the time of the former's death. It is believed that there was some bitterness between them. Such was not the fact. Mr. Calhoun told the writer, after the debate in the Senate, in which he last took part, that he had had a conversation with Mr. Foote, who distinctly in- formed him ‘that he meant nothi a anking in say- ing what he did in the Senate; that he had the best motives—he wished to draw him (Mr. C.) out, to make more fall vga ee in reference to one pertion of his speech.” ‘The great lamented replied, * You should not have done that—you should have come to me, and had a conversation privately, and then asked such explanations as you desired, before speaking in the Senate on those points. Your re- marks and intentions will be misconstrued by those as that are opposed to interests in which we both feel deeply interested.” And even after this interview, when his health became more alarming, and he saw only those few who had access to him, he spoke kindly and warmly of General Foote, an of his sincerity and devotion to the great cause of Southern i » rights, and interests, Fle never believed that Senntor Foote, in pursuing the course he did, had the slightest wish or intention to do him injustice; but he foresaw that opposition press- es would put that construction upon it. The differ- ences between Mr. Calhoun and Mr. Foote were all of a public character; they all occurred in the nate, and were settled in the Senate. There the slightest intermission of their former cordial relations, save such as sickness interrupted, ieneral Foote’s case, as with hundreds of others, and it is doing great injustice to General Foote, to say nothing of the cherished memory of the great deceased, to assume the existence of unkind or of unfriendly feelings on the part of Mr. Calhoun to General Foote, at the time of hisdeath. Such was not the fact. Parnick Henny. Wasutyetox, Aprif11, 1850. The Struggle for the Ascendancy in the Senate— The Course of Benton—The Canadian Reciprocity Bill— The Galphin Claim and the President. A frightful struggle for ascendancy is now going on between Mr. Benton and Mr. Seward, showing to the latter the utter hopelessness of his condition. Seward is totally eclipsed by Colonel Thomas H. Benton, and is, at the hour I am writing, casting a miserable shadow on the wall. Benton has, to-day, come out fully against the compromise—being the only Senator from the South who voted against it. He was defeated by two votes. Had the five absent Senators from Georgia, Texas, South Carolina, and Pennsylva- nia, respectively, been present, he would have been defeated by seven votes. It may be a comfort to Mr. Seward to be beaten in Mr. Benton’s company; but it is no sort of consolation to him to know that his friends bave more reason than ever to pray ** that his shadow may never be less.” He might have gained h ‘in breaking lances with Clay and Webster; but to be thus obliged to take a com- mission under Benton—second, perhaps ird, in com is humiliating indeed ! Renton is now the acknowle free soil leader in the Senate. As he spoke to-day, Preston Kis ‘Wilmot, Allen, Mann, of tina, Chor and a the other fanatics, were crowding round him in token of fealty, The national "Cnioniote were posted behind Clay, Webster, and Cass; the Se- note looked like a’ battle field with two hostile nimies, Unionists and disunionists, arrayed against each other. The disunionista, under Benton, brought all their forces to bear on the peuce- makers. The latter had five men in reserve, and et conquered! Mr. Benton ought to take heed m past experience. The “ peace-maker ” ing fatal to him, and I should not ‘a 1 confidently expect, to y great peace-maker, leader of the elligencer their acknowledged yoy In conformity with this his new position, he already written to his friends in Missouri to vote either for him (free soil) or for the whige. The divorce between him and the democratic party is complete. The fact is, there will be but two parties in the future—Unionists end disunionists; in other words, a national party threoghout the Union, and sectional parties in the North and South. ‘The test vote was on the motion to lay Mr. Foote’ resolution on the table; on the appoint ment of the committee, the vote will not be taken before Monday neat. It is understood that the Canada reciprocity bill, which was sometime since re-committed to the Committee on a in the ee ge be again reported to t! louse, together with a cor- cer between the Committee on Commerce the Secretary of State, and between the Sec- Tetary of State and the Lritish Minister, in which the Britieh Minister communicates to our govern- ment his power to pledge the British government to open the river St. Lawrence, and 0 canals, to American citizens and Americ This ce was instituted by = on ey to — necessity u C ) feature which could sette this bill in bw ity with the Imperial r Dank, tad hee ton bs ‘mment, thus open the came privileges to olber nations with whom we have commercial treaties, containing the clause commonly culled “ the most favored nation clause,” that is, the clause which promises to put the nation with which the treaty is concluded, on the terms of the most favored nation. The of the British minister is full aod #a- tiefactory, and the whole region of the Northwest ia deeply interested in this privilege. If | am not very much mistaken, the Prosident’s declaration, through the prese and otherwiae, ore somewhat classhing with the facts elicited from%he testimony of the secretaries before the Committee on the Galphin cb case seems to be as mysterious as the vearance of Dr. Parkman ; but the members of the committee far more en- lightened than the jury on the Webster trial. Bar- ting bad taste, Lhave no doubt Crawford ia inno cent. He made no secret before the President, that he was the nt and representative of the claim ; a fact which will go further than any other to exeulpate him in the eyes of the committee Porro pi Bonwo. Wasnrmoron, April 12. 1850. The Committer of Thirteen— Benton againn Clay, Webster, Care and Foote— Drawn Boitle The appointment of this day for the first practical movement in legisiation, by the Senate. upon the enh. ject of the slavery question, natarally attracted # crowd to the lobbies and galleries of the chainder Among the spectators, for a while, were the Now York firemen, now on ® visit to Washington. The Sencte ‘Whe Unusually full—a vote wae expected, and all th. available absentess had been drummed up. The oars. tion was the motion of Mr. Foote to refer all t's. aub- jects connected with the slavery dispute to a eommit- SARS Thigh ado domononr, Se eta ver Henry Benton ia now the acknow! administration, and the National Clay. teenth mas port by bill or othorwise. The object of the committee is s geacral compromise “1 The deacon Territosial governments for Utah (¢. ¢. Deseret) and New Mexico, soaring pating sliver’ very. 3. The acttlement of the Texas boundary, by the pur- chase of the disputed territory. 4. The division of the State of Texas, se as to is exact must come by Benton had 9 pro- up of the necessary ammunition for another her “a it was pretty ‘evident from the count of ittee of thirteen would be ordered, be referred to it with the The question was called for, when Mr. Benton took the floor and ran over his suthori- ties, showing that for sixty years. no State had been admitted into the Union, mixed up with tho settle- ment of any other question, compounding im thia case would be an indignity to California, she having washed her hands of the whole of this vexed ite on slavery, ¥. Dickinson said, unless the vote could be taken, he would move to go into the considoration of the bill of deficiencies. Mr. Clay would only take five minutes, and réplied briefly to the objections of Mr. Benton, and could not see the indignity. Mr. Benton rejoined, insisting that the mixing up of California with the slavery question, of which she had washed her hands, was an injury to her by delayii her admission, and an indiguity iu associating her with, ® thing of which she had washed her hands. Mr. Dayton followed strongly with the same views, Mr. King replied, urging the necessity of some ro- spect for the general sentiment of the Southern States. If these territories go over this kession, the hasards of settlement will become infinitely more dangerous and alarms With some words between Mr. Douglass and Mr. Foote. the former moved to lay this committee on the table, but withdrew it, in order to hear THK EXPLANATION OF MR. WEBST! Mr. Webster rose, and a dead silence prevailed. ‘There was a general anxiety to hoar him, for there was a general suspicion that his exact standing was somewhat complex and promiscuous ; but he made it perfectly clear. He was willing to try the experiment of this committe for a compound bill. He should yote for it; but he did not desire that it should be inforred that he intended to vote for the adinission of California in connection with any other subject whatever. He thought, however, that tt was all the same, whether the subject was referred or not—the Senate was etill free to decide, Messrs. Foote and Hale continued tho discussion on the particular version of the instructions. Mr. Foote modified his motion, to strike out “ scheme of compromise" in the instructions, and insert * plan of adjustment.” Mr. Benton, in reply to My. Webster, urged that the sending of California, with “these other subjects. to a conunittee, in a manner tied up the Senate, and com- mitted it to the duty of confirming their report, | That was the difficulty, Ie could never consent to the traf- ficking or trading of California futo the Union. This mixing her up with slavery looked like the initiction of injuries and indignities, as penalties for her exelu- sion of slavery from her borders. Mr. King required it; and 1.2% Benton explained, thet he intended nothing of- rs usive. Mr. Douglass moved to lay the motion for the eom- mittce upon the table. Tost vote:—Ayos, 28; noes, 23. Absent, 5— Cooper sud. Stargeon, of Fs.; Dawson and Berrien, of Houston, of Texas. One vacancy. The Northern men who voted against laying the mo- tion on the table were, Bright aud Whitcomb. of In diana; Dickinson, of New York; Cass, of Michigan and Webster, of Masamechusetts, ‘And, unless we count iy Delaware a» » slave State, Colonel Beyton was thy Senator from a State who voted for laying the committee on the table. Mr. Bradbury defined his position to be In necord- ance with his instructions to exclade slavery from the nd to admit California by he ve notice of another amendment, ex- Geoorgia; and committee any consideration of the subjects — 1. Of slavery in the States; 2. Of the slave trade between the States; 3. Of slavery in the arsonals, forts, and dock yards; 4. Of slavery in the District of Columbia, And that the committee be instructed to net upon no question connected with slavery, unless it be mentioned by name. A conversation fol!owed. on the version of Foote's {n- structions; after which, he agreed to withdraw the: and modified his motion ro as simply to mak refer- ence of Mr. Clay's resolutions ‘Mr. Bell's rosolu- tions to the proposed committee of thirteen, without Instructions whatever. moved the sforesnid amendment, pon it, and the several items in ‘ote wy them a4 calculated to do # ress this slavery agitation. ingum thought those four proposit: 7 appealed nantly that the Senate vote them dot Mr. Clay moved « modification of lained that after the committes was Senate could gointo the California would wy oe rena if they pleased an etrong enough to curry w bill for the territorias; if © mitted while the comunittee is ou! but that ¢ hut perbaps C -Never mind about that Mr. Butler ting for a Wo shall have amendments to keep the California bill pending. We want the moral influence of this committee on # gear- Mr. Benton's motion to lude California from the committee on the amended motion of Mr. Foote, was voted down, 26 to %&, precisely the same vote as the Gret a> on the table. rem! trials for the South, with Clay, Casa, After further conversation on a point of order, Mr. Hale moved the reference of Clay's sad Boll’ resolutions to the Committee on Territories; and we may a* well give an epitome of them, to refresh the reader's Feeotlectior Mr. Clay's resolutions are— 1. To admit California. 2. To provide governments for the territories, with- ord shout slavery To buy the disputed territory of Texas, and deflus her boundary 4. Declaring it inexpedient, except under the assent of Maryland. he, to-0 very in this District. 5. Declaring it proper to abolish the slave trade in this District, 6. Declaring lt proper to provide for the recapture of tive slaves Declaring it unconstitutional to tnterfere with slavery or the slave trade-bet ween the States. Mr. Bell's resolutions: — 1, For the admission of California. 2. Por governments for the territories, without » a slave States from Texas Such are the resolutions which Mr. Poote to vend to hie committee of thirteen, and wi Mr Hale's motion would refer to eee tervitoriad committee. Mr Kenton suggested an ; Mr. Dickinson—I hope we shall not adjourn, I wish to get at the deficiency bill to-morrow. Mr. Foote—I hope we shall not adjourn. Mr. Bentoo— I have not made the motioa. Mr. Foote for the committee. Mr. Dickinson said the Senator from Missouri was for re-nM®rming the constitution, and it was about time to do it Mr. Clemens was to referting the resolutions to the territorind committee, and was to think thet it would be perhaps aa well to Lusiness upon the table Mr. Hale's motion was loat—28 to 31. Mr. Benton's four propositions of ameadment eom- 06 up again, ¥ Ciny moved his modification— 1. Decisring it uneonstitutional to legislate on slavery in the States, and, 2. Unconetitutional to legislate on tho slave trade letween the States, My Saas to Jaterfere with it im the forte, dack- a xpediont $6 abollsh it in the Distrigg of «em conversation between Mr. Benton and , the former agreed to aceept the maditicati: of the fatter, on L tort of coetromen, alt ong there wae s considersbie difference betweea the two ai motione—Benton's dire! pov#r in sll the four ce ant ini tee “ER rtant decision of upon < either the B "a motion or Clay's they invelved isewes that were caloulated to arrest the action ry —— which, of course: Mr. Cane ae for s reading of Mr. Clay's modia. cation, Lt wae Mr. Olay ei read 7 it, my the parose | csaeme'y it Pha. oOecrerng aes ®@ good night's reed om the Mr. Foote—Ob! yee, there are @ good many whe would like adjourn to defest action, ¥ Some debate followed, on # motion to adj by Me. ba irs in which Mossrs. Dayton, Onss. Dickinson, eng Beaten, seokey bend, when the adjournment was — fo 28. Mr Chase considered all these proceed! time. oad thought It best to ley the whole the table. ‘Mr. Mai made such s motion, bat om appeal Wiis ‘Websicr explained that hy read, ir, Webster ex] 0 waa nob to vote on. the serious question, Involved in the four prope- sitions of Benton and Clay. Mr. Clay explained his modifications, and moved to journ. r. Foote—Wil) the Senator withdrew it « moment? Mr. Clay—Certuiniy. and appealed for the commit- urned, Such ja the running thread of the proceedings to- ~- Now for the explanation, r. Benton's object was to defeat the committee. — His several appeals for California separately, and inat the eommittee, were strong and well put in.— fe pleaded as tor life aud death, and at evory point of the struggle he was on hand, but when the exact mo- tion was lost. he abandoned the main issue, and com- menced his amendments, in which he succeeded so completely In the entanglement of the question, that the only expedient was an adjournment. Mr. Webster wanclearly puzsied in the extreme, about that vote to exclude or not to oxclude California from the committee. HMis7dosire was Californias. but the compromise lay oy tho other side,f and he wont it, Dut so reluctantly, that there is no counting upon bis vote to-morrow, under the contingencies of dispensing with the committee which may be presented. It is stills new thing with Mr. Wobster to side with the South, It goes hard; but, thus far, he has kept up to the rack, and is entitled to the credit.ull the more from the novelty of his position. ‘We have not much hope of this committee being raived: and if raised. not under expectation of @ com- re whieh will both houses, if California is to mixed up with the other disputes. Should such @ Dil pass the Senate, the trouble will be to. get It through the Mouse; ‘or any bill, of any kind, In any shape. So far, therefore, from believing thet the appoint- ment of this committee will settle the question, we apprehend that it will amount to very little, one way or the other. Yet, as it can dono harm, and may do some good. we may yet have the committeo. although | the procpect is, that the contest against it will be re- newed with renewed vigor to-morrow morning. We have had a great deal of discussion—the danger haa been talked away, and when the Senate comes to act, the real trouble formidable asevor. The fact is, we are just getting into the agitation. and God only knows when. or how, or by what process, we are to get out. The diffloulty ie by no means surmounted. Our Washington Correspondence. Wasminoros, April 12, 1850. Failure of the Committee af Thirteen—Bill of Deficiencies ~The Galphin Claim—The House and the Gabinet. From the persevering opposition of Mr. Benton to ita election, the proposed Committee of Thirteen on the slavery question was sbandoned to-day, and the wubject was laid upon the table, From the declarations of Mr. Clay, however, whether the committee is appoluted or not, there will be » mo- tion to combine in one bill- 1. The admission of Califorula. 2. Governments for the territories. 3. The settlement of the Texas boundary. 4. Provisions for one or more slave States from the present State of Texas. And there appoars to be ® clear majority In the Se in such a bil, chances for the committee, however, are mate reduced. The attempt to elect the committee being aban- | doned, Mr. Dickinson's bill of deficiencies for the qo- vernment expenses of the current year was taken up, with the amendments of the Committee of F the first being to strike out the Tg righ > of $00,000 toward the wings of the Patent Offies. F. Mr. Dickinson's statement, it appears that this Patent was to cost only $108.00. Already $450,000 have been e: ager and whole strueture. acov ing to the plan adopted, will cost from 000. to $1.200.000. Mr. Dickinson contended t this class of oxtravagances ought to be stopped. The motion to strike out was debated by Messrs. Pearee, Hunter, Clarke and Foote, | port of the approprial in opporition to it; but Jt was an and at three o'clock the Senate adjourned over to Monday. In the House, Mr. Burt, of the select committer on the Galphin clatin, perplexed with the outery and ra- mors in the newspapers, and not possessed with in- struetions covering the whole ground. laid the snbject Lefore the House, sud by py | after discussion, the committee were given ail the po quired to sift the concern to the bottom. ‘The temper of the House appears to be In favor of © thorough examination and strict just! standing the general linpression that {f justice be dor the Secretary of War, and all demned as peculator pom The cabinet continues in tion. They await in tremulons jouse committee, The eablnet bave the advautage of Io oop relationship to the members of the House, w: incline them to merey; for the [- + of bee my jeredith winter, of Morera. Crawford. Johnson, the committee and the House to do their duty. were very agreeable, indeed. Still, we expect A letter from the Secretary of the Navy, to the House of Representatives, furnivhing y of ine formation in relation tothe hemp consumed inthe naval service, presents the following recapitulativn of the amounts respectively of American and foreign heinp purchased sinee 1641: —- Gre. Lis. Amit. paid, , 2 6 7 oF H ry me G 4 6.58 Me ° od aa $ 3 3 iW 4 y Pot Bee w 3 sf OAm72 18 7 3 a wai | s u us sare is ewer. | Ore. a Pat, H Me Wo oe M ‘10am 64 H u 1 02 2 4508 OS 1s 1 vt if ass oe sR 1m 72 o s ‘Tetal amount paid for tortion heap . - amas Total American water-rotted hemp... =m Fexcees paid for foreign hemp in nine years... $5K08 ‘The prices paid for forcign hemp, in different y vary from $140 to $316 por ton, secording to the wy ket. The pirece paid tee Amertonn hemp range from 20 to $290 1 ey ineh, Hemp. per on Re yarna ae, . ‘of ashy ate isa Rete n tarred rope of menn tea is-16 inch, made of yarns 2's, 2,508 pounds Tree Weaeren Avram oe Bovrow—Da. Banonen avo ‘We are requested by Dr the statement referred to ited the matter, at arkman. and found rt the week after the arkman. lights were soon by the number of eveniags, in the at very late hours; in one midnight; all of which was so wn excite particular attention, But no «py glass was eeed. ond uo body and to perso wes wen la the leberstory. During the ‘ea week. when the laboratory was im the care of the police offipers. an at- made. by means of s «py. 5 and persons within. but entirely jothing could be diservernd bart the fuet that there were Ii and that lodistingwishablo peteons rometines hofore ube windows. statement of not that the evidence at frat a to emtat was tne ndmirsible. but that it would be of little if any weight, singe the objects would be seom through two modia, ond the windows of the labeestory were so di ok with dwet and dirt of various Kinds, be som te Tt now appears that mo each ey!- dene im fact existed, We are alee requested to state that on the subject of the stadent anppoeed to hare soeen Dr Webster with the of Dr. Parkman, Dr. Beecher knows nothing. vot Tt spoke to him op the t. wor did he ever consult the At. 7 with reference to it. We did mot in. tend to imply thet ft had any connection with student: story — Reston J It to be the origia of the studont Aprit 10. acters Rem or Lacvarna .e New Orleans Picayune, of that the town following from at of the town of Gutierres & Co currence enused iebebitents, who were deprived of still on hand, and comes up as | apogliny to be ng, the Attorney General was. | By the instant, tt will bo Gentlemen -—It would be iu vain tempt to express the gratification whieh I have dorived from your letter of the 26th ultimo. That gratification erises, not only from ite manifestation of nal and contidence. but sspeci A regard from the ovi- dence which it affords, that my conduct. ia to important pending quest! is not alto- her disapproved by the people of husetts. Such a tettens with such names. assures me, that I | have not erted in of the causes of existing discontents, or their proper remedy ; and enoourages me So, pessonens im that course which my deepest convictions of duty have led me to adopt. The coun- try needs pacification; it needs t tion of y, between the people in one part of the Union and those in another, And, my Jodgment. these is no saficlent couse for th. tinuance of the existing alienation between the North and the South. Ifwe will look at things jnstly and calmly, there are no essential differences, either of interest or opinion, which are irreconcileablo, or iuc \- pable of adjustment, So far as the quostion of slavery. or no slavery, applies to tho newly-acquired territo- ies, share Lyin" my Jodgment. no real sud prscticsl point of importanee in dispute. There is not, and there cannot be. slavery. as [ firmly bolieve, either in Cali- fornia, New Mexico, or Deseret. And if this b> so, why continue the controversy on a mere abstraction ? ‘The other disturbing questions respect the restoration slaves, and slavery in the District of Co- lum and 1 know no reason why just and fair meusures, all within the undoubted limits and requisi- tions of the constitution, might not be adopted, which should give, on these subjects, general satisfaction, At any rate, wo should make the attempt, because, so long a8 these dissensious continue, they embarrass the government. interrupt the quiet of the people, and wlarm their fears, and render it highly improbable that important acts of legislation, affecting great objects and in whic the whole country is deeply iuterested. cun be accomplished, Indoed, the ordinary operations, essential to the existence of the government, and its daily administration. meet with checks and hindrances, bitherto altogether unprecedented, We must return to our old feelings of conciliation and rogard—we must refresh ourselves at those pure fountains of imatual esteem. common patriotism and fraternal contidenee, whose beneficent and healing waters so copionsly over- Bowed the land, through thostraggle of the revolution | and in the early yours of the governmont. The day has come. when we should open our ears, and our hearts, to the advice of the grent father of his country. “It is of infinite moment.’ said he, © that you shoud erly estimate the imunense y f your uattoual Ynion, to your collective and individual happiness — that you ‘should cherish a ec habitual and im- movable attachment to It; aceustoming yourselves to think and speak of it a8 of the pailadium of your | political safety and prosperity; watching for its pre- vervation with jealous anxiety; discountenancing whatever may su7gest even a suspicion that it can, in any event, be alandoned; and indignantly frowaing vpon the first dawning of every attempt to allenate any portion of our country from the rest, or to eufeeble the snered ties which now liuk together the various arte.” Notwithstanding what may cocasionally appear on the surface, the American mind is deeply imbued with the spirit of this advico. The p: opie, when serious danger threatens, will. in my opinion, stand fast by | their government. They will suffer no Lmpaixinof it 3 foundation—no overthrow of Its columna——no disorgan- iention of its structure. The Union aud the constitd- tion are to stand; and what we have to do, is, so to administer the government. that all men shall be made more and more sensible of its beneficent operations and ita inestimable value. It is not inappropriate that 1 should accompany this answer to your leiter, by the copy of a recent correspondence between the Hon, Hugh N. Smith, delegate from New Mexico, now in this city, aad my- eel, T Lave the honor to be, gentlemen. with profound regard, your obliged fellow-citizeu. and obedient bam- bie verveat, DANIEL WEBSTER, a Slavery In New Mexico. Wasurseros, April 8, 1850, ‘To tHe Iton, Hoon N. Sarre, Detvoate rrom New Mexico : Deer beg leave to prevent you with a copy of my speech. delivered in the Senate on the 7th of March last. and to draw your attention to the remarks made by mo on that oreavion. upon the general character of the country of New Mexico, and’ {ia adaption to slave labor, You have been a resideut hu the country for weveral years. and. a# T have understood you to sny, have traversed it from end toend, You area native of one of the slave States of thle Union, and of course | acquainted with the usual cost of slave labor. and the modes of cultivation to which it may be profitably ap- plied. You are, therefore, { am sure. quite competent , to express an opinion om the points that I have sug- | gerted. such as shinli be satiefnetory, I will be obliged to you. also. (0 state what the fuet ts, ot the slavery In nd constitution of the country allow it. { have the honor to be. My dear sir, your obedient servant, DANIEL WEBSTER. tow, April 0th, 1869. w To rv How. Dasiat Werner or 1x Userep Stars Sexare Dear Sir—I have the honor to ceipt of your letter of the Sth inst and teply to it with xreat plea! New Mexieo ty an exccedingly mow taneous e try, Sante Fe iteelf being twice as bigh | the highest point of the Alleghanies, and nearly all t | lund. capable of cultivation. is of equal height. though some of the valleys have les altitude above the sos, The country i cold, Ite general agricultural products are wheat aod corn. and such vegetables at grow in the Northern States of this Union, it is entirely unsuited THE NEW YORK HERALD. | 7VDOR'S CHARGE—VERDICT OF THE JURY. SIXTH Day Arau. 13.--On the opening of the Court this mera- the Judge commenced by remarking that Tings are said and done to divert the juries from the main considerations of the cause a& issue. All parties stand on equal footing in a court af justice. This case la very extraordinary; indeed, ke seldom seen one more extraordinary in ina peered aspect. It presents a charge ageinst the of an aggravated character—that he set on feot = pian to ruin this girl, aud enticed her into hie ser- vices for that purpose; which having been offeoted, he w set on foot a Sone to destroy her testimony by induoing her to make fulse oaths, in order to deprive her evidence of weight if used against bim. Om the other side, the defendant ropresents that it is@ eon- apiracy against him, got up through the ageney of the Smiths, his former partners. with whom had some controversy. The chargo andthe defonce sent aease of a very extraordinary character, They had the girl, apparently intelligent. telling her story, in the main aspect consistent, that she had been, up to the time of her connection with the defendant, s chaste girl, and detailing @ long train of circumstances calculated to improas themselves strongly ou the mind. On the other hand. from the testimony ot the defendant. it appears that sho was a girl of early loo habits, and utterly lost to all sense of decency im bor conduct and in’ her language; and, if we believe the testimony of Mra. Ingle, she ig also @ thief. The jury would see the character of the evidence, and it would be necessary to apply to it w strict rerutiny. He would describe to them the nature of this action. A sult of thiv kind ia common; culled an action for seduction. There is no euoi action knowing to the law. If it isthe misfortune of = futher to have » daughter who is light in her conduct, there Is no question of parent and child, but the ques- tion Is then, is this defendant the father of the olild of which the girl was proved to bedelivered. The wom tm is the only person who can tell who is the futhor of her child. It is important here. as in every caso, to re- member that when a plaintiff comes into court. ft Is his duty to establish thé wholo matter alleged, and if the jury find that he bas not done s0, they are bound to wve the defendant the benefit. Now, keeping that rule in mind. were they satisfied that defendant had ee intimacy with the girt. and that he is the father of the child, if eo they would find for the plaintitt; but if the were in doubt. they would leave the matter wh sre th Tound it, and ihe defendant would bo entitied to thelr verdict, In casos of (his kind, the woman is almost the only witnoss. because such acta are not matters of peblioiiy; and if she ix not tor be confided in, in ninoty- nine © out of one hundred, there would be mo redress; but when the evidence goes to detail anole tranractions as were here detailod. they would see the necessity of applying the greatost scrutiny to the girls story. to seo whether it is consistent or contrad'etory. The learned judge hore gave ageneral outline of Oath’ rine Runneit’s evidenco. If her story be true. manifestly presents a case of very grout aggravation, but it is difficult to believe that a married man shoatd plan deliberately the seduction of a female, and then resort to means to dertroy the strength of her tesbimn ony; therefore the evidence doce present a cage diMeult to Delieved. and it ought to be supported by strong oir- cumstances. The girl's manner astonished him (the judge) ; in the courso of her examination she declared circumstances ealculted to destroy her testimony, such as confessing that she had swornherself to bom married woman ; and if she wa a married woman ne action would Ii bere, She told Gimbrode that she wasinarried and subsequently, with reference to the controversy with the Smiths, sho stated that Bagley told her lie had mentioned to his attorney that she Wass married woman. It struck the judge that here was a point to determing; if Bagley had sent her to Gimbrede. he must have known the name was Lew! then why consult her at the lawyer's office, aa to Bame rhe thould teke. It is by looking at the tedi- mony in all its minute circumstances that they would be enabled to say bow stands the matter is very important act of swearing she was married to Captaim Lewis, ix the turning point of the whole ease. If it was uot & fact. she stands utterly inaceurate with regard te truth and though he was not prepared to say tha® in judgment of law a porsoa tuking @ false oath under such circumstances. ix to be rejected by & jury, yet unless the clreumstancos aro fai ly ae- | counted for, no jury would be justised in Loliewi them, or no man or woman in the community wor be free from such attacks. The plaintiff alleges thet this aff was a design of Ragley, in order to dim- credit her testimony. and on (he part of the defondams it is euid to be an expedient of her own to cover ap her» She swears that Bagley said if she did mot ro wig name, he would do nothing for her, Lf that fact be established to the satisfation of the jury, the offers a reason for the position she assumed. and then they would say whether » false oath taken under ciroumstancea should affect hor so far as to i t en time, respecting the existence of | jew Mexico, and whether the existing laws | Gin hr knowledge the re | for «lave labor, Labor ix exceedingly sbuadant and | ebeap. | month. fa quantity the agriculture of the territory, There is no cult | Hom except by irrigation, and there is not a sufficte: of water to irrigate all the land. As tothe existence, at prosent. of slavery In Ne Mexico, it is the general understanding that it has been altogether abolished by the lows of Mexioo ; but we have no established tribunals which have pro- nounced, ne yet. what the law of the land in this re spect is. It lt universally considered. however, that the terrtory le altogether a free territory. I know of | no persons in the country who are treated as rlaves, | except such a4 may be servants to geutiomen visiting or parsing throngh the country, I may add, that the strongest feeling agninst elavery universally prevail through the whole ¢ . and FE suppose it quite impossible to convey It there, and maintain it by any Means whatever I have the honor to be, with regard, your obedient servant HUGH ON, SMITH Police Intelligence. sterest of an Old Female Thies On Wednesday last, officers Patterson and Calrow, two of the Chief « eepecial aids, arrested a Dutch woman. called Mary Luts, alias Surannah Hains. on a charge of stealing from the pre- mises, No. 13 Fifth avenue, a gold watoh, three colt chains «small bijou, in the form of an acorn. with other jewelry, the property of Miss Smith. On the Officer searching the prisoner he found conrealed @ pee of the jewelry. which was identified by Mies mith a# a portion of that stolen. Some six months ago. the above officers arrested this woman and her hurbend on a charge of stealing. The woman bad conereled about her person. in pockets made in her jeoata. considerable property. stolen from a honse hambers street; and on ber bushand « gold waich was found. Lute was tried. convicted. and sent to the Btate prison. and his wife was sentenced for six months on Blackwell's Island. And now. it seems. t the expiration of her term of imprironment. she Proveewting her old business of stealing. The officers observed in Warren and Chambers strents, rivit reveral houses, bat apparently, without stealing any- thing. At last, she entered the Hirondway Hotel, corner of Park place. Here she remained nearly au hour. up stairs. and the officers beooting impatient of z for her to come out, weut up stairs, and found ber in the fourth gtory, ransacking the rooms, in earch of velunbles to carry away. The officers took her tuto custody, and conveyed her before the Chief of Potion; end. on searching her person, the property above al luded to was found. The Chief committed her te prison for trial. +1 Dishonest WeiterOne of the black waiters at the Irving House, called Richard Williams, wes srrested yesterday by officer Rrown. and conveyed before the Uilet of Police, on a eharge of stenling m pistol, the ras" of extiovernor Smith, of Virginia. Mr mith. 1 nooms, put wp ot the hotel. and the pistol waa token from hia pocket by the accused. Mr. Smith railed erday for California, andthe megro was com mitted to prison to anewer the charer Robbed on the Bire Points A woman called Kate Hogan, wae arrested yosterder by the police of the Rixth ward. on charge of robbing Patrick Connell. o resident of No. 80 University Plooe, of a silver hunting watch, valued at $20. while oo 8 visit to the Five Polats, in scorch of the” lions” in that vicinity The + mn was committed by Justice Mountfort Co prion for trial Charge of Pejury-A manby the nome of Charter A Wright, was errested yoaterdny, nnd detained hy the rn on a charge Of perjury dustice Mownifort Ab tie wateh rete needay morning. among the crowil of loafers mo ards, Were two decent looking men who were b ip by o@ecr Kestmond. of the Third ward. on s charge of being intosieated and disorderly in the street. re moving signa. and kicking over boxes Re The vgn halon, the barter, was removed from frow! wey aod throwo down an ares io Dey street. The die ordenty gentlemen gave their munce ae John Thorson and George Newhouse: the former was a fonny little hunebback. and ankt he resided at No 198. the latter feelded at No. 33 Rose street. ‘The oMlesr took them tuto custody at two o'elock fo the morning. and con. | veyed them to the station hone. where they wore de telned until the time arrived in the morning to Bonve: m before the court The marist rate held them hot of $100 each, fur thelr future good n, Wet Steamboat An old customer, ealli Smith, was oanght by oMeor Wood a im the net of stonli alise. goatain- ing ued at $2) Netoncing! to Joeph D Hoge. stopping at the Wulted States Hotel. ‘The we. ened came on board the boat beep telne: FS | ge she arrived. oo vatise and made off, ™ | he wes stopped by the offer Justion Mowntfort com m 4h 1 bie to om tor trial ' It may be hired for three or four dollars a | nite sufficient for carrying on all | | w nature ax could not be e | etrewed oround bie berth. and the m iy ark responsible respecting the afldavit, thay shoukd how far he hurew the fact of the itt bel ma ide, and to persons in Mr. Bagley’s estabiisamoms, there is something about it requir | says thatBagley wanted an altera Bags her of all credibility. But. in order to if | exam’ ied. She made these declarations of her marriage ant; she went back to the offlon—it Judge then referred to the tostimony Wood. and said the jury would give to tt the weight that it demands. The girl was asked as to hor conduct, she denied those nots of Indeconey sworn to by witnesses, If she is taken to be credible, ne doubt that thie « case of aggravated seduce tion; but they are to look at all the cireumstances | and see what was to corroborat, | the case. They had. on the other hi of evidence contradicting the story tol they had the numerous Instances of liberties with her. and acts and language of her own. which. true, prove that she was lost to all sense of aud utterly abandoned; showing, not slone the inde concy of her personal deportment. but her exhibition © pictures: showing that she was not aloar quences of her seduction. If before the wedi not only impeaches her moral eonduet, but utterly er regard for wcity, Lyneh las vory im- Pp nt witness not only to the character the girl. but a to the observal of the father with re d to Bagley. tem som flagege of the girl, The Judge manner of impe be dome by in on the stand, bat community respecting bi ore spoke hing witness, which could ant vidual wets to & persom premion of the that she had. then it The Judge here Me declined to answer the more dircet questions, and the Court would not compet him todo so, He was then asked in another form. an@ he said he knew aman other than Bagley to have had criminal futimacy with Catharine Runnett. Uf they fed. with a reasonable certainty. that Mr. father of the child he was entitled te were bound to finds vordiot ie come ton contrary conclusion, xt come to a question of The ury to the father is the loss of the child ae and the expe See (riding: but the law. in its anxiety to protect permite a jury to go further: and they & to the injury to the child In e*timati ning's testhnon rn) t's counsel was understood to say that be ntends making 4 ease fore new trial United States Commiastoner's Offee, Refore Richard B. Stilwell. Req Are 12-Dennle Cray and Rdward Pagan wore Drought before the Commiedoner for exaraination, under the allewed charge of having stoten fom Thomas Cashin, 8 vereigns, on board the packet sh Waterton © on her passage to this port. Mr. ne mon Blank and Mr Summers prodaced on the part of complainaat, to show that, on the mora ing ifthe 7th Mateh. he was waked up by Fagan, be- twoen Sand 4o'cloek by his romranging under his pit- low, where he had hie money. When complsinant up. between 7 and § o'clock, he ch hie eh mone. ate slept in the seme berth, and Fagan was cortier than wrual. Fagan told several on board the vee ot different times Srevives to tae robbery, thet he bed only two and that he would be oy op, when he Raley ta New York. On hie arrest he dented to the joors havi ™ about him and when he was, seatched, 13 soverelges vere founden him He them denied having any move, wee again searched. nad four sovercigna more were found Grey was discharged, and Fagan committed for trial Court of General Seastons. | Before the Reoorder and Aldermen Griffin and Dots. Arnis IL An ditempt to Commit altape on alatile G61 ~ Ayoung man. pemed John Hart.was put on any | with attempting to violate the person of ati | she lived with her mother about 1) years of age. The erisoinal assault #4 all to have been committed on the oth of Janaary int : va the Hhethe girl, thet 14 aqpeared. from the tentimaoey of the Wee Gils ties the ovoning of the 30ch ea bakery, which and Sullivan streets, thet. of January, she to Mr. Bi im Blerekeor strert « bleok ry oa Net tin ye ‘pears of nae) took Wotd of her dren Jan a flight of stairs into the cel A, met fille, a xt yut Follow, Micens oma 0900 st hoe wh re as at wee | cian The chook Of aa carthqoaie was felt at Loalsvitie, Ky , ou the wight of tie Toh instant