The New York Herald Newspaper, March 5, 1850, Page 2

EW YORK HERALD. Aurthwest corner of Fulton and Nassau ste, JAMESGOKDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, AMUSEMENTS TRIS EVENING. ITALIAN OPERA HOUSB, Astor Place--La Favor) rs pOWBRY THEATRE, Bawestine—Kagpa, BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Extremes—\ av- DeRinG MinsTRELS, BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers streot—Senrovs Paui- Lv~Lear Year. NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—-Mvsre aces asp Miskkins Ov New Yonu—Tunex Yeans Ayrea— Wit Duoxs, OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway—-Seniovs Pawiry-— Parson's Nose--#acio Hoa CHRISTY'’S OPERA HOUSE—Ermiorgzay Mi AMERICAN MUSEUM—Amvarne Pervonmances Eve- RY AvTeERNOON AND Evening, MELODEON. Bowery—@entravaian Fravs- RELS. lew York, Tucaday, Marcn T Great Struggle of Hepublica—The Crisis at Washington, ‘The great struggle of republics 1s transferred from Europe to America. Rome, Milan, Genoa, Pesth, Paris, have ceased for the present to be the attractive spots to the lovers of republics. Wash- ington 1s now the port towards which all eyes are tumed. The cities of Europe, in the desperate struggles of 1818 and 1849, were deluged with blood, in the efforts of the people to gain what we ac- complished in 1776. The city of Washington, thank God, has thus far been deluged only with speeches from statesmen and fanatics. But the strug- TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE. THE SPEECH OF MR. CALHOUN. merrrrmernwrmenn ORDERLY DAY IN THE HOUSE. &e. &e. Xe. We h not space under this, our telegraphic head, to give Mr. Calhoun’s speech, received last night, but have placed it entire upon the first page of this day’s Herald. Its importance to the whole country will justify the pains we have taken to pre- sent it in its full integrity, as delivered in the Se- nate; and it is to be hoped that no man who loves the Union will shut his eyes to the all-absorbing importance of a wise and deliberate consideration of the great question at issue. Lest there should be some persons disposed to pass over the views of Mr. Calhoun as of common import only, we deem it a duty of the first magni- tude to give an opinion upon the genera! character of the document, and to mvite attention to it by tracing a few of its prominent outlines. There cannot be a question that Mr. Calhoun is the oracle of the South, and that the results which he an- tieipates from the admission of California will be- come a pamful and deplorable reality, if an attempt be successfully made to bring her into the Union immediately. The distinguished Sena- tor has displayed no flights of imaginatioa— has made no rhetorical ornaments—has indulged in only two figurative illustrations—but has come up to his task firmly, decisively, argumentatively and manfully. He speaks right on, full of his sub- ject, and abandons all extraneous matter as an incumbrance. He has set forth the wrongs of the gie in Washington is one of far more importance to the civilized world than any ia the history of the human race. It is not to achieve a republic, like the tremendous efforts of the people of Europe, but it 18 to preserve the only one left of all those started into existence since the birth of man. The history of all former attempts at republican go- vernment, in ancient and modern Rome, in France, in South America, has been unsatisfactory to those who have questioned the right and the perpetuity of kings—though a wide-spreading belief, generated and strengthened by our progreas and suc far, has received vigor and eaergy in view of the promises of theory. The republics of ancient nations were founded upon a premature sense of the digmty of the species—in the midst of con- flicting elements, which erippled and retarded their growth—in close proximity to nations, whose only restraint upon acommon plunder of their neigh- bors was their weakness—and surrounded by asties, Who viewed their ascent in the ons with envy, that broke out céntinu- to the worst forms of malice, recklessly ected to the subversion of all liberal govern- ment. Antiquity has furnished nothing upon which to base anything more substantial than theory. The brillianey of the ehort career of the republics of the East, it is true, stimulated the genius of men to devise plans for the happin springing from self-goverament; but the tight which threw the thrones of the earth into a shadow, could be looked upon only as an unwonted phenomenon 'n the records of governmental science. All nations, and republics especially, might have benefitted by breaking away from the palpable errors through which we dimly trace the deca- dence and dowofall of the first republics of his tory; but the strange and predominating charac- terisne of this age—its boastful self consciousness ~ has established au almost superhuman reliance wpen its energies, that is nowhere more strongly exhibited than in the United States. Obstacles are not tobe found in the lexicon of the people— ditiiculties age non-exietents, since they are always surmounted~and the coastruing of the will of the ma; s a sudden, and, too often, a gratuitous jwzard It beeemes us, however, to preserve as well as to a fortify es well as to strengthen, and to @Mpine those cardinal and catholic principles which pot only were first established for the per- manent existence of our institutions, but for the safety of that constitation, through which and out of which spring all we nave of peace, of pros- i perity, and of he that the small § nese. ate voice of sections should con- strue, control, or impair the rights and privileges of the people asa whole. To this end, all the skill, foresight, and anxious hopes of our political fathers were directed, so to arrange the machinery of the federal government, that 1t would be strictly conservative of the rights of a minority, evea were it possible for the majority to be i error, or bent upon changes and revoluuone. Treason, there- fore, was made a possible crime—a bridle was provided for unhallowed ambitiona—and checks of every possible efficiency were devised, with such admirable eagacity, that it is difficult to say which was never intended | | | | | | | | to admure most, the genius that constructed the harmonious mechme ef government, or the appa- « ficently fitted to exact the Lemege and to preserve the liberties of all beautiful epectacle—one that must add to | stitutions—to behold the undis- torbed eublunity with which the constitution of the United States encourages the faint-hearted and ‘ vetful, while the shocks of party fanaticiam d the surging waves of maddened and aspiring | sections convulse and sl confederacy. The appreciated, will give us, ae a people, in the power of that organization riots grounds its hopes, and re the bungling fauatics, small F wling stump orators, of the litleness of their struggles for noto- © be apprehended from the madness great for the barriers inter- er can calculate ruin that would the course they will t ensue to all the est regulations of the country. The tyranny of passion could depopulate eetth in en hour. It is mm this view that the threat” in season—that the actual 1 evils must be m 1 ty must be awake to the crisis, and bold to eesert the ewpremacy of+ reason above all narrow en considerations. We require action pron d decisive. The world will receive, in event of a dissolution of the Union, the se (ietion sinee the deluge. The hearts of wh and ten years—whose hopes for en enlivened and invigorated— riumph con spring only from our sucerse, ve wheeet ar aces are written in Our progress, I perish in deey id we hurry to oar destruction by © suicidal act. Already, the dis. cordant vibrations of the country have saluted the eats of the oppressors and the oppressed, strength. ening the former im their tyranaic | sway, and pal- eying the latter whale th were about to the ow off the yoke of submission. And low would th ir, etn dings of a disruption of the Union be received throughout the globe? Would aot iberty and happiness of mullione sacrificed? Would not the fame end glory of this couatry perish, aad a poor inheritence remain to those who are to come efter w the aepirations of humanity 1 If a blow 1 to be given to liberty throaghout the world, let it net be traced to these shores, where, for so mony years, the down-trodden of king- ridden countries have found an asylum and a re- fuge from the oppressor. Let it proceed aot trom our own delirium, but let us exhibit to the world, in the midet of on intemal contest, at once the most difficult of settlement and the most pamfal in ite character, the stupendous realization of the , r of a gree ms, and come out oa ordeal furnace of contlicSag and pu: A * | in theevent of @ sacrifice so appalling to | | { the assumed majority, how- | ause the passions of | se eyes have been turned upon us | South in a business-like way—without making any appeal to the sympathies of one section, or to the passions of another. He has made his purpose and the purpose of the South, to be easily compre- hended. He commences by stating that there 1s danger to the Union—traces the cause to the discontent of the South, not of recent, but of slow and patient growth; still further traces ,that discontent to the settled belief that, under the present state of things, the South cannot with honor and safety remain in the Union—and, agaia, still further detects the | origin of that belief in the long continued agitation and aggressions of the North; and still farther, be hind this, discovers the movements which have de- stroyed the equilibrium of sectional power. He takes the census of 1790 and that of 1840, and shows that the equilibrium between the North and the South has been destroyed, not by time, but by the interfer ence of the government—and then lays down three modes by which this governmental interposition has been accomplished. The first charge is, that the South has been excluded from ali interest in the territories common to the Union. The second is, that the adoption of & system of revenue and disbursements onerous to the South, has been forced upon the country, taking away an undae proportion of the proceeds of the South, and im- pressing upon her unequal taxation for the benefit of the North. The third charge 1s, that a system of political measures has been cherished that has changed the original character of the federal com- pact. Thus far, his subject 1s presented. He next proceeds to show, by statistics, how it is that the equilibriam has been destroyed, and the whole powers centralized in a sectional ma- jority—refers, first, to the ordinance of 1787, the result of the provisions of which, he says, is, that the country having acquired, since its construc: tioh, 2,378,046 equare miles, the North seeks to be the ruler of three-fourths of the territory. From this he passes to the tariff end manufactures, and to a general survey of matters pertain- ing to protection, or the American system ~and concludes this division on the change in the orginal -character ef the government, by asserting that, instead of hving ia a republic, we are swayed wholly by a “national consolidated democracy.” The government, he declares, has assumed powers—and as the interests of sections are pot one, therefore there springs up a hostility between the North and the South. Here he ea- ters upon full details of the history of the abolition movement—adverts to the opposition to the right , of petition on slavery topics—and follows out the natural results of agitation tll he finds it ending in | cisunion From this point, the ties which beuad the Union together ere surveyed—the church organizations and brotherhoods are examined, and the influence of the agitation upon them depicted. The Union, then, becomes the clef theme; and with no sparing voice he glowingly declares the nature of the love of the Union in the breasts of those who have carried on the agitation—alludes to Washington and the dissolution of the colonies and the mother country, and is taught and strengthened by the example The next step in hrs discourse is directed to- | wards the plan of the adminietration—Mr. Clay’s | is scarcely noticed—and he gives the cabmet as severe a handling as they can well survive—draws ‘he distunctive line between the Wilmot and the executive proviso, and censures ia no slight mea- sure, the movements towards the constractioa of a State out of California. Coming to this “‘moastrous sumption,” he opposes the admission of that cites precedents—and concludes with an ral to Senators upon their daties—intumating e- ap that the admission of California will be a suili- | cient evidence of the future intentions of the North, and will enable the South to adopt such a course as will comport with her honor and safety. ‘This is but @ meagre skeleton ot the body of the speech. it ehould be read by every citizen—it is the most important speech, so far as ita effects are to be considered, that has ever been delivered ia the Senate of the United States. The Latest from Washington, OUR SPECIAL TELEGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. Wasnixoron, Mareh 4, i850, It feared, before the drawal of Mr. Doty's ree solution, that this day would be @ stormy one in the * Hlowre, but the apprehension, as | have before bad wbolly rubsided with the aseurance given that (he offensive document should not be pressed forward. The liouse bas been in an orderly state—and the free tollers have been as quiet as porsible throughout the day. Mr. Calboun’s speech war commenced about one o'clock today. it w ad hae produeed such @ sensation as can be more readily imagined than ribed. Every one who reads it will make up his mind to take one course or another. There is ne new: teal grownd now, or fence to sit upon. leis regarded by Northera men here ae @ proolame- tom for dissciution, and is precisely what the Meralt bat predicted from the first it would be, in the face of the Northern free coil newspapers de | thing to rave their parties republic to pass through a fiery | teton «bowld be the fret great question. end the mio Now, as has been before declared would be the case, Mir. Webster sees the necessity not only of a specch, tremendous effort; but whether or net he will sacrifice the incignifeant consistency of former declarations to the present hour, remaine to be seem. It is certain that the South expect some proposition from hia. ‘There is some connection between the presence of certain New Yorkers here and the establishment of an Anti Seward whig newspaper in Albany. The health of Mr. Calhoun fs such that he can foareely recover fie lungs are diseased, ari he hae bad @ revere attack of infuenen. Great Unton Meet in Baltimore, Baw aroh 4—8 P.M. An immente Union meeting f* now being held ia Menument § *. It is estimated there are 10.000 persone present. Mr, Stambary oecarics the chair Col, Grves offered a series of resolutions in favor of the sustainment of the Union at ai! hazards, advocat ing a compromise on the slavery questicg, and mode- sures regarding the same. He said thet ¢ sonld come al a afterwards. Thore ace several In Senate. Wasninoros, Mareh 4, 1880, ‘THE PATENT Laws, Mr. Dickinson, of New York, presented # petition, which was ordered to be printed, and referred to the Committee on Patent Laws. Mr. D. remarked that this memorial and draft of a bill, originated witha convention of inventors and others interested in this ePecies of property—a body representing, and repre- renting truly, the interests of inventors and of the pub- lic. For many years, inventors and others have expe- rienced much vexation and inconvenience by reason ofthe im: t operation of the law of 1836, andsubse- quent alterat and am nts have failed to re- medy the grievance, and this whole system is now atched up incomplete and uncertain. Nevertheless, it the benefit of judicial decisions upon important questions ar re be lost, they propose to preserve such parte of the law of 1836 as pees has proved to be useful, and to add such provisions as will make it eo far as may be, equal and just in its operations, and mark clearly the line between the tights of the invent- or and the public, So oppressive had the 0 tion of the patent laws proved, that in 1 a national convention assembled in New York, to take measures to remedy these evils, and, since that time, similar conventions have been heid in Phila- delphia, Boston, and Baltimore. The draft of « bill now presented was prepared by, or under the direction, of three able and experienced counsellors. 1t was then considered carefully by a committee of the convention, and, with their suggestions, rei again to those who prepared it, that it might be made to conform to the views which a large experience had matured, and em- bodied in the ehape of amendments; and, in its present form, is the production of learned counsellors, aud those interested in pateat . The system protects neither th by all, owing to collateral endless and profitless litigati granted poe pees spplication, ¢ present law provides no adequate remedy for procuring its cancel, how- ever improperly issued. The proposed bill permits one aggrieved to institute proesedings for its q and for @ direct and prompt trial of the issue; and, in Repecen tiem it prevents any detence, excopt that the jefendent is not using the invention. ‘These are the two greet and marked features of the proposed bill, dispensing with collateral litigation, and providing a direct remedy for anuulling patents erroneously thus protecting the pubite on the one band, patente er on the other. During the exis- tence of the ; Nothing can be more unjust and opprersive to the inventor, who has aie nthe produc- ions of his genius to the world ¢ & guaranty by | his government of exclusive owvership for «limited ro than to require him to lit the validity of = is patent over any and every question which may hi against bio. This bill, it has already been designed to hy ogg 5 this evil, aod, at the same time, to give eecurity to the public against fraud and imposi- tton, by simple, direct and speedy remedies. The pre. sent is deemed a fit occasion to cail the attention of the Senate to the object of the pateat fund, and to im- sist that i¢ should be preserve: for the benefit of the inventors, eaered to the contributions of science. No class have done more to add to the permanent glary of the pation, its wealth and happiners aod the elevation of the people; and yet this fund is now being depreciated. if not exbaurted upon objects as questionable in point ot bs aad as the authority by which they are prose- cuted. PETITIONS. < Numerous petitions were presented and referred. KEMGVAL OF POSTMASTERS. Mr. Dickinson’s resolution of inquiry, relative to the removal cf postumasterr, was takes from the table aud moditied, on motion of Mr. Circen, and adopted, THE SLAVERY QUESTION, On motion of Mr, Buren, tne Seaate procedded to the consideration r. Clay scompromise resolutions, | As to legislati abolitionism. He was no and desired not Greate the fears of eny ona Eo sptoet'ss ie of this House, and would appeal to the beg pny hy a warning. He believed that the ned: cemeh ben every man who loved the constitution, should stand by or by it. The man who could to- think of Rimenlt, oF of. party, would desert the of his sony hour of danger, Judas- a ee @ pecuniary consideration. The has come when the question A state of things was owing np which made it warty imaosinie to get on should settled. or unless the South sink into absolute eubmissicn. he South, if the North do not do them justice, will se te from them. The Constitution teaches us the bounds of liberty, and ints where aggression shall cease, and resistance Reta. The South must defend their rights at the expense of blood, if necessary, All that the South ask is to be let alone—that the reasions against the South shall cease. The South never violated any titution, with regard to the North, ven cause of plaint. The South bi been just, but nous. He then argued om the Southern side us to élavery ; spoke of the madness of wbolition in Congress, and argued the constitutional question in favor of slavery. If this institution is to be excluded from our recent acqui- sition, the Union not only ought, but will, be solved. He wanted the Missouri compromise, or some other mode adopted, that may be stayed; that the question of abolition of slavery in the District Ovace, and more efiectual means taken for the restora- tion of runawi la If you do not do this, and cannot agree. Gi name let us part. If two of my children did not better than the States, they ought to be eo . The connection of hus. band and wife shouid be dissulved if they could not do better than we are fcloe. ge: letras Ta) the North had been called pickpockets. cutthroats, robbers, oppressors, and entimies of their Southern neighbors. However, there is not one single word of truth in the ol of gression. Since the government has been she , seventeen new States have been received into the Union—nine slave and oniy eight free States. More than two-thirds of the territory is slave; and the — with two-thirds the popul only got one third the territory of the States. He proceeded to show that cession, by Virginia, of the Northwest ranitees, Ses Teferexoe to slavery , and that the clause prohibit- i} i d when all men neatly thought alike subject; and he insisted that the North never attempted to prohibit slavery south of the Missouri compromise line, and thai im all our ac- uisitions of territery, the South ha rt lion’s share. Gentlemen make tel with isaealty, cause they will never put them into execution. ‘hy is the Southern Convention called? What is the rumbling to justily the terrible uproar? Gentlemen seid, because an attempt wae made to dis- honor tke South. Howdishonorit! If put them. telves on the ground of irregulari the ad. mission of California, they must stand there. This will be no cause for dissolving the Union. In this dis- trict not slavery, but the slave-trade itself, exists, in its most hideous and infamous form, aud has been allowed to be carried om under the noses of all, and beneath the flag of the Union, when the North have pre to destroy it Yet itis a livi burning disgrace this pation; and, under the eyes of Northera men and fox ministers, they must seo negroes linked toge- thes, She uriveu to the sup, aud sent South like cattie, eggrese! for every one he would point to ten om thi ‘t of the South. Men come from that section, and kidnap, and carry away without law, Cacnoun bi stated bis inability to address the in person, thanks for the courtesy which the Senate bad ex jed him. in permitting hia to have his views read upon the great question of pre- tent agitation. He then scked Nir, Mason to read bis speech for him. (A full report of Mr. Calhoun's speech will be found cn the fret page.) Mr. Weesrex expressed his desire to address the om Wedoesday or Thursday next; and after some convertation it was uni tood that Mr. Haulin 4) to-morrow, Mr. Walker on Wednerday, Mr. Wel ster on Thuradi Mr. Hane: gave notice of his intention to reply to what he considered the romanee of history of the soti-sla- very agitation, presented by Mr. Calhoun. The Seuate then adjourned. Hoase of Representatives. Wasniverox, Maroh 4, 1850. ‘The Hon, Josers Jackson, of Georgia, elected in place | of T. Butler King, of Georgia, appeared and was qua lifted. THE CALIFORNIA QUESTION. | Mr. Dory raid the House gave him the privilege, a few daye ago, to send to the Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union, s bill conteisiog ell the objects embraced in bis resolution instructing | the Committee on Territories to bring io a bill for the | adminsion of Caitfornia, with ner presént boundaries; | therefore, ould withd: the resoiution, ha no de ire to press it. He commenced a few remarks ai } what had been raid concerning the moving of the pre- — vious question, when H Mr. ince objected to debate. | Mr MeLanxe moved the Houre go into Committe of the Whole on the State of the Union, aud proceed with before that question te put, he wished aliforuia subject be made the order of | aken remarked that it was already before the | committee, end would continue #0, unless the special order intervened. Mr. MeLane’s motion prevailed. The bill to continue in force the law allowing Baltimore city to levy tonnage doties for improving the basin, was taken up, explained by Sir. McLeus, ana lnid aside to be reported. Several gentlemen wished to goon with the Califor. nis question, but the Committee refused to rise House then took up the California messege r Sacer axl, that question of ite different ferm: ed Up all others public bustners of pored of. He quoted the re Southern mes in condemantion of th condemnation of slavery —whieb hi to the sense of humanity. The in favor, generally, of slavery. it to control himeeif, and regerd bias! as right of mam ss homeo | being—as a man thet bas been brought befo the world. The covsideration of this subject w not the result of sectional pathier, te | object of the framers of the coustitation was to limit clrepmecribe, and ultimately overthrow the fostituttoa in this country, He derived this knowledge from the | fact that Congress dt interdict slavery in every portion of territory where they had the power so todo ile ex. amined into the history of the Southern territory, to show Lbat this was done, and that it was the tutention of the government originally. [t had been waid that #ia- very existe ontaide of the constitution. (entiemen of the present day. either do net underrtand that inven. ho made it meant (ha ae b: The constiga- t be appended to a tion provided for @ representation of persona. not roperty. The question has been atked: ate we und to protect slavery’ He replied, po if ban! de you pot exclude it’ If slavery is bound jade italso. A ortsi mast be exoluded from ¢ atifc and other parte of country He not only belk that rlavery would be prejadicie! in Catiforoia, bat any where. What ir the wide spread discontent of which gemtiemen from the South rpeak? lias any right beem vio'sted’ No, it is because tiavery cannot vielate the righte of the free, Government never yet has made free soll slave soil and he trusted it ne would, He did not betieve that ble \ aien was to be disecived, He bad no feats of such # result, it was not @ Nashville Coarention beiion by k stendard of slavery. lie believed “ad. | had done much jor human freedom, and | support it. said that it wae not his intention to ‘The question of the thme ts higher mimation ead reer Me Wre LU precet- pterent wa, clouds, and darkness that rest on the people. He loved ali his country, North aad South, Rast and Wert, He loved it beeausre it contain. ed the graves of bie ancestors and the home of bis wife | and children sod beewuse it 8 common faheri- | tance of liberty, and b of the many whieb it seems will be euMicient to sunder the Stat God bes oe ted together rT jouse ie not. yet fully organized; the doorkeeper end postaas | ter are acting by sufferance. ve not oni; | the agitation here ia the speeches of members, bat ia — theit social relation®, Menare becomiog estrenged one | from another Look at the Congressional Virvetory, | and see how the messes are made « 4 rooial ties broken, it is mot im the nature of to love those who rebuke and Sp pe ore pat oid that slavery ie a disgrace es % leglalative aeserol) piace where tw fell epirie of fr toiliam and abdolitioniem. Not omly on thie door are | rosial relations brokem, nt the agitation deseorates the offices of God Bimeelt, We aiready have pree- tical disvolom, ae fat at om the shurch, Charen Seth; s Miselonary Baptin Coureh North and Chareb eo “ an South, avd with the grea! diMieulty the seica of the Presbyterians war maintained. churches | embraced an immense majority of the people of the States, Like causes produce like effets. Disord pro. duced the Northern and Southern charebes Discord may make a Northern government and @ Southern go- | vernment ip the late Presidential election, the pre- rent Chief Magirtrate was voted for at the South as a | pro-sierery man, aud at the North a¢ a non slavery | Teen. The leaders deovived the pe jn order that | they might eet together. The peo lost the | control of their own go this ie the rea exeeutive de. | king it compulsery op banks to redeem at e quarter per persons who are not slaves, Further remarks, vindicating the North from aggres- siow. were made. Mr. Hatt obtained the fioor, the committee rose, and the Louse adjourned. NEW YORK LEGISLATURE, Senate, Aurany, March 4, 1850. REPORTS. Mr. Stanton presented the first remomstrance that hao yet been sent into the Legislature, against the re- peal of the free rehool Mr, Cro.tus reported in faver of the bill for the li- ceusing of steam engineers. Particulars heretofore re- ‘eported In favor of the bill euthorizia, ‘ing ‘Trustees of the New York Chenoa Mapufecturivg Company to svll their real estate, with providing that it should not be cen- rfere with rights ef creditor —to which the Senete agreed. I'he bill wes afterwards parsed. Senate directed the printing of 900 copies of the ‘The rey of the Regents of the University. tition of the Saper- payment of ir. Cour reported against the ‘Vinors of Ulster Co., to be releases from the the enpensce jnowrred in the anti rent outbreak io THE NEW TORK HARHOR BILL. Mr. Mokcanjfrom the seieet of Sepatore Morgen, Williams, Urolius, Beekman Cross, reported the New York Harbor bill comple’ Jt provides for eleven harbor masters, nine of who shall reside in New York, and two in Brooklyn, to ho! office for ten years; five of them mast have bee! masters of veesels sailing from said ports or pilots w! Dave been engaged in t ein: The fees 13g co coneteti tTton im settling between canal boats or Eatgen $1 ie Co be fer allowed hey are to report to the Governor the fees received to the Sist of December, in each year. BANKING. The Senate sent ihe juett River bills to the Com- mittee on Finawce. The relating to the bill ima- cent in New York aud Albany, was made the special | ASSPSSMEN TH ‘The bill providing for the collection on arsesement of taxes In Albany (@ very elaborate aod finished bill, drawn by Jony U. Seaver pareed < education of ited in favor of the bill sutherizing t! Ratiroad Company, incorp: erie uit, to construct » por- tate by the State of tiom of their road im this i LUM. xlyn Orphan Asy- lom, parsed. Adjourned. : Assembly, Avmasy, Mareh 4, 1850, &e. wv, Me. Daveaso, Mr. Cavrcn, aud Mr. Brewea presented petitions to quer traffic, | Wire, and Mr, . Fon, to reduce the tolls on foreign salt. Mr. | Bisnor against the reduction on sait A; Buneor ns, to edacate neglected and destitute eLildren | Temopatrance of rundry citizens of Union Sebocl, in the village of Lockport, Mr. Warnus in the ebair. A debate of some length on a rection pri by Mr. Jrnorauy, plackng the school named uuder the viltation the Regents. thus epadiin, it pate io dubeke belong whether ye ey Fo apt a] ss the peholars hoo! um posed arrange. nt, would both from the commen sebook and literary f In this del Messrs Jermain, Nott Prayn and J, Avery participated The erction was fiually sosmend- ed a8 to leave it optional with the regemts to ineorpo- rate the school or not. as they should deem advirable. Mr. Brews ‘ved to strike out the enacting clause — lost nt ME Dae 2esesd, 004 ie melita te aasse wilt the report of the committee was laid on the table. | ‘he fame committer took up the bill to amend the act in relation to sehools in the of Medina een, Mr HARDSoN Moved that when it report progress on thir bili~ THE NEW YORK CHEMICAL MARUFACTORING COMPANY. The House coneurted in the *s amendmen lative to the New York Chemical Mi oe te impair the credit ‘The Houre then took a revess till 4 o'clock. Ehip Tuscarora Afloat, Lewes, (Del.) Mareh 4, 1860. ‘We learn, from Indian River, this afternoon, that the ship Turcarota has been got off, and mow floate at an- chor im thirty-three feet water, She does not appear to be very seriously fojured, although she has been ashore rince the 16th of November last. Destruction of « Theatre by Fire. Perensevne, Va., Mareh 4, 1850. ‘The theatre in this piace, together with two Louses adjoining, were entirely consumed by fire Inet ovening. Massachusetts Congresstonal Election. Bostox, March 4—P. Mi. Returns from the Fourth Congres+tonal district agaia indicate that there is no choice, though the rote is Jarger and Thompron leads Palfrey, and probably will im the entire distriet. an Sailing of the Steamenip Oni. Naw Orceans, March 1, 1860. The steamsbip Ohio, Lieut. Schenek, has sailed for Chagrea, with 480 passengers. Markets, New Oncnane, Feb. 28-6 1. M. There has been a fair demand for cotton to da: — cipally on & a some 5.000 changed he ecline previously noticed. Mid- dling quoted at Liye, amd good do. at Ili. Barriwone, March 4, 1960, Sales to day of 2.000 bbls. Howard street flour at $456 White quoted et 48¢., and yellow ‘Shipping Intelligence. New Oaraans, Fob 34. Arrived—Brig Roland, Philadelphia. Monies, Feb 2. Arrived—Br ship D Cannon, New York. Ted Arnived—fchr Arietus, Now York. ache suabtebip Artivel—Schr Hupper, Piladelphia, 47% Feb + Sailed—Brig Elmira, Porto Rico; sob Adam, Mateaen, hg New Beoronp, March 2. Arrived—Schrs ohn P Colling, Georgetown; Bllen Ked- mau, New Yorkt sloop Prados, vin ain ro OM, Arrived—Brige LC. uit; Tyrone, ie ere att Maan 8 Cleared —Shipe Bhaw, Ban Franclasey Aisity, do, and Rast Havens eo Bathen dase or ‘dial (Swed avant: tobe Rebecce and Franses, New York; Glide, Pai sperior, Now York!" RAVER, March 1, Houmes’s Arrived—Schr Matilda, for Catharine and Mary, Matautnes (3th ere ia Fran! ; Glenroy, York for Eastport. is basi RovIDENCE, . ved. Frances, Matanzas, 17th ult. Passed ates) fon C0 ship Mela ore Wan Yetta ean Sch. Sarah and Julia, Charleeton; sloops Moses Eddy, and Oregon, New York. ‘Sd<Bchrs Edward, Charleston; M Marey, Philadel, i sloop Translation, New York, sina Below— Bark Damariscctta, Ay hicola. Sailed—Schre Daniel Park, iphias ak TB Ro- nore, Rhode liland, Almira vogers, and Velocity, Now Work MAILS FOR EUROPE. THE WEEKLY HERALD. The steamship {America will leave. Boston to-mor- row noem, for Halifax and Liverpool. The mails will close in this city at naif past 3 o'clock, this afternoon, The Weekly Herald will be published at nine o’clock this morning. Its contents will embrace the import- ant news of the week, the great speech of Mr. Calhoun on the Slavery question, the news from'California, &c.) &e., &c, Single copies, in wrappers, jsixpence. Tue Boarp or Supervisors, ano Party Pro- sorirtion.—The desperate effort made by the stronger seetion of the Board of Supervisors, to displace the Commissioner of Jurors, has at length succeeded, after three special meetings. It has sueceeded, too, in opposition to the legal opinion of four judges, pronounced upon the illegality of the proceedings. The Board of Supervisors have now acknowledged themselves instruments for political purposes, and through one of their mem- bers, have avowed that the diemissal of the com- missioner was urged to gratify party feelings, rather than to effect a public good. Movements of Individuals. L.H, Wallack, Dr. John Rudenstein, Lieut. Parrott, H, V. Scanton, U. 8.N.; E. 0. 4 Us. aud Hon, W. Henry, Minnesota, arrived in this city, Court Calendur—This Day. n= Covwr—Cincurr Covnt.—Nos, 326, 343, to Common Pieds.—Part 1 adjourned until Wednesday morning. Part 2—Nos. 266, 268, 272, 274, 276, 230, 282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 292, 204, > (For the New York Herald. } uthern Bridge Case. Henry Shultz and Uthers, against the Bank of the State of Georg Others. As the public, far ard. newe, have expressed a Lively in- tin tny favor in this important ease. lately befere the Ss = Bi n ourt of the United States, at Washington, and ag it'will have to go before that tribunal. agaim, it 1s deemed pret t he facts upon which the parties rely for success, should be given. They are as foll ‘The bank holds a mertyage bridge, in connection of sowe of the parti Tits other private property the payment of a private debt of $9,000. the private property under @ foreclosure. sale of 6 bridge was arreated by ap injunction fromthe Circult Court of the United States for Georgia, because it was ao-partaership a for the pyne hip , under has ever tal —_ The object of the complainant is, to the m with inverest, and the bank to give bat the bridge cin b was taken by force), and to account for its reve ath fi ounting at thi usand Dollars; th e bi Ti sPond structure was Charter from the States of Sout with power ne calcgel tt ee Be © egislature o Y ia De asa years, with power to collect toll at for everythicg that passes over thy Tha RTE histor ‘enme wean’ two individual neainet s powerful and moneyed corporation. ‘New York, Mareh 5, 155 HENAY SUULTZ. Great Excitement—The New Spring £tyle ting, for 1860, as introduced by Kenan. © | about a long time before they find a resting place, and ‘We may now observe am osoillation commencing, that is the result, in a great measure, of the impetus that bas been applied to force them from their normal state. The worst of these reactions ir, that we never know where they are going to stop, Stocks which, if they had been let alone, might have quietly remained at a nominal price, somewhere near their prospective, if not thelr actual, value, if by dint of manccuvring they are foreed up to price that tempts their oldest and firmest friends to sell out, are found to be thrown in such quantities upon the street, that, like the dove let out from the ark, they wander finally have to return from whence they started, inf order to find a home, The decline in Long Island Railroad, at the second: board, on Saturday, and the first board to-day, is owing to the injunction that is stated to have been issued upon application of bondholders whose elaims are part due, and who refuse to make the conversion upom theterms proposed. It is high time that this question to should be settled, and we are glad to learn that certaia holders of the bonds of the Reading Railroad have if in contemplation to test the matter in the United tates courts, The result cannot be doubted, the late action cf the Legisiature of Pennsylvania; in reference to these bonds, is clearly unconstitue tional, as it is subversive of all good faith ang fair dealing. There is no provision in the consti- tution more clear and express than the one that Pro- hibits the paseage of any act by the State legislatures which shall impair the obligation of contracts, When this matter fe once decided, there are many companies now dragging out a precarious existence by staving off the payment of their debts, which must necessarily bo forced into the hands of receivers, in order to glve their creditors some chance of obtaining at least a portion of what is dueto them. The bondholders of the Long Island Railroad have been the first to take the lead im this importent matter. and we have no doubt the suffer~ ers by the thimble-tigging conduct of the Reading Railroad, and other companies similarly nituated, wil? not fail to follow the example. The receipts of the Hariein Railroad Company for the month of February, in each of the past twe years, were as annexed: 1850, 1849, wise reer wets Haniem Raive Total receipts from all Do, jo. de. Increase, 1850....... ‘This is rather a poor exhibit. througk-. outthe month this year has been unusually fiae and faverable tor raiiroad tra fe, and the probability there- fore ia, that had the weather been similar to that expe- Tienced during the same month in 1849, the reovipte forthe month this year would have been less. The Haslem read appears to be in 9 bad way. ‘The earnings of the Erie Railroad Company for Feb- ruary, thie year and last, were as annexed:— New Yorx any Exist Rau-noav, 1850, February. Receipts from js $40,471 40 ‘ at freight. eee: aaa a +$102,212 91 + 43,605 22. Total. 1849, Februery. Total receipts... Increase, Feb , 1850. . 6... 6.60» $58,717 69 It must be bornein mind, in comparing these amounts: that there were many more miles of road in operation in February this year, than during the same month last year. Mint eertificates ef gold deposits, to No, 279 inciu- sive, are now payable at the Mint in Philadelphia. ; ‘We learn that the trustees of the loan of the Morris Ca- nal and Banking Company have given notice of an in- tention to foreefose the mortgage under whieh sald loan {sheld. The foreclosure will take place on the 16th inst, This will be the commencement of a legal contest be- tween the bondholders and the company, which oannot but be disastrous to all parties, except the lawyers enga-- ged. Here will be another job for reeeivers,and there wili be good pickings for that class of suckers, Stvckholdera in any concern might as well abendon ali hope of ever realizing anything, the moment a receiver gets hold o© the property of the company. The annexed statement exhibits the quotations for foreign and domestic exchanges, for specie, aud for un- current money :— Fouxies Bromanors. has Fained for them eae pu = Value, are anevualied fu t As pretension K ete: prolondolle Stet 861 eh hopt about ve feanes,. . would do well to call st 17 Maldes’ Lanes aud toes ry “2 . orm mite oe . mt, extremely light, ex- oxy tia te and caireimely eco al are the Hate te 8 a 126 Fulton street. The Knox fashion fur Spring ie > Ld on eta b eonRENy Mone. yy Botan rie Mot at. Sid at The Genin fiat, for 1850—Atter improv- | ee Koriteep. ray'esh ais 2 dio ing the model of his hate for @ series of yoars, but witkont dis New Orisans, ..28¢ dis lig die inerese: {— Genin offers his Spring Style, for indy, | B Ohio... oe ris as the eut ing in style, and ail the ele- Indians dis thy dr mente of beauty and real value, the best of hist ef Kentucky died” dia Tt resembles ihem in one Tennessee ais $4. Missouri. Gentieme lina.2 dis — die © see eee Ged ie NTA sgiessd dis — dis w ‘Wiieeling are L}¢ per gent discount, em $5 Suits —Uniy one week more till The aeseritmout is now, choise and ele ¢lose the preseut stook. Cloth | *, and Faney vest, $475. Comer of “wilt positively pre, es of any | 4 » OF | between Buffalo horn | jesoription | manufacture, of prices, Helr Bair Dye, enn street. The various dip! color from the wee of it hae asrumed the imitation dyes ean have is corrected by oniling as above. Copy the addiess, Wigs and Toupees.—Another Medal has been Bwarded t jatehelor, for the best Wigs sad Tou- pees The publi iBvited to inepect hi BATCHELOR brated Wig Facto tue city. Copy jogeet inepecti hair. Call ot tae ou n . my good forte em of Me Ann street, New Y beime (he Amerion oy f Thermaiism—tiow 1 Ls 1 4 if you with what and larmonio is ” a Lane tfully do render this ceibu the “Faliacie he re Repelers by the denen eet snd in’ by my old friend + fm mort trnty RSON KENT, ase Jia Yer The stock market was every which way, to-day. Some of the fancies went up and some went down, At the first board United States 6's, 1868, declined 3¢ per de; Harlem, 4; Long Island, 5); Caa- ton Company, §. United States 6's advanced \ per cent; 1856, 4; Ohio 6's, M; Mortis Camal, \. There were large rales of government and State securities, and the fancies were pretty active. Holders of Long island begin to realize the force and truth of our remarks relative to the affairs and management cf the Gnancial concerns of that company. The affairs of the read are now in the hands of receivers, We suppose the next move will be the declaration of a dividend on the stock, out of the prospective earnings, as « foal wind up. At the eeeond board the market was quiet, but prices were weak. ‘The amount on deponit in the ovice of the 4 ssistant ‘Treasurer, at the close of business, to-day, was $5. 683,671 44. ‘The law of reaction, whieh holds good in the finan cial as well as the material world, will soon, we think, be developed in the stock market. Like « pendulum that, by a well applied impetus, bas been made to vi- brate powerfal! ene direction, invariabty ewiars beck to the came eatent it @ contrary one, so in stocks, | this packet. Phe ‘There has been no material alteration in quotations for foreign exchange, Bills on Londom have bees tn moderate demand for remittance by the packet leaving Boston op Wednesday, and the rates rullog correspond with those current at the departure of the last steamer. ‘The warket ts pretty well supplied with bill. A largo amount of goveroment recurities will be semt ont by Domestic exchanges remain as previourly | quoted. Specie is quiet, both the imports aod exporte being limited. Uneurrent money is scarce, partioa~ larly the issues of banks in this State. We havesel- dom known, at this season of the year, such a sosrelty of iseues of country banks generally. The water has been let into the eastera division of the Pennsylvania Canal, and, from the very favorable "tate of the weather, there ls no reason to doubt that the canal commissioners will be able to opem naviga- tion on the 7th inst., the time fixed. branch of the Legislature of Pennsylvania hao parted the General Banking Bill by a large majority. One of the smehdments to the bill, as originally re- ported requires the country banks ~those east of tho mountain, their motes at par ia Philadelphia, those west ‘at Pitteburgh, under pain of forfeiture of charter Foreign baok bills, wader the danominatiog of $10, are probibited. Steck Kivebange. WOO US. Ce, “8, cy Mab 4 r Us. Hh, en TaN Eb F es wo 67 03, do 1 100 , , do 3 one jeland J wo RL 10 © has Canton Co BOARD. 209 shas Par Trust Becta Canton Co —_—_—_— ADVERTISEMENTS RENEWED BYRRY DAY. Answers to Advertivoments sent by Mail eet be peld, or they will not be taken from the Peet Oper i A rere wenn renee O8T~ON THR THIRD INST. RITEER IN.TOB PIFTR Avenue, between Ninth and Twentieth # or ip Hiteet, between the Fiftn ease and the Chursl, og pa Mai 3 on or 7 be recovered, will be tultatiy rewarteds 7 1,000 OST—ON MONDAY Lo; in Morra, aS ry, reward willbe eet. Ww IN BROADWAY, Barve ” rt teres foe FRO MERE. Any person bri all be paid the abore