The New York Herald Newspaper, January 27, 1850, Page 1

NO. 5712. 4B RIVAL or THE NIAGARA’S MAILS. THE DETAILS OF THE EUROPEAN NEWS. The Effect of Gen. Taylor's Message in England, THE COTTON MARKET. Bie., die, dic The Niagara’s mails arrived here yesterday morning. The éetails of her news are annexed. ‘Whe Effect in Engiand of the Preside Message. t the Londow limes, Jan. 10.) . The President of the Uniied States has adopted, in his first annual message te Congress, that mo- deration of tone which best betits the opinions ef hus party and the position of his government. Wken the chief megistrate of the Amenicau republics was dent on exciting whet is termed in the political Jepguage of thet country “populur action,” on questions destmed tw gratify ihe vanity or the am- bition of his acherents, the languege of the mes became « powerful instrument of agitation. long as General Taylor adheres to the more temperate privciples which have fortu- mately placed him in office, we may expect that he will seek to conciliate rather tuan to irritate the feelings of the public towards foreign nations, and to avoid contracting embarras-ing eugagemenis in domestic relutious of the Uvion " The tenor of the message is therefore pacific, sition on the part ef the Americancabinet to mag- the difierences which were supposed at oue moment to threaten its relations with the most h- beral of the European powers. The contenuon with France had originated in the impatience of M. Poussin ond the regular vehemence ot Mr. ton; that with England had teken its rise from geome onception with retecence to the views of this country en the Mosquito coast and the Nica- raguan canal. But there is every reason to anti- -cipate that Sir Henry Bulwer’s mission will have the effect of uniting both countries 1n the prosecu- tion of « common object of so much importance to the commerce of the world. The more recent occurrences which are said to have taken place on the Pacific coast of the Isthmus, by the al- leged seizure of the island of ‘Tigre. in the bay of Fonseca, by order of Mr. Chatfield, the Brie tish Consul Generul in Guatemala, are sull very Le br tied known in this country, and we are ea- tistied that if avy unseemly altercation has occurred between British and American ogents in Ceatral America, it will not disturb the fnendly relations of two governments. 1c seems that whilst a trea- ty has been concluded between the United States and the Republic ot gua tor the promotion of the canal, all other States are wvited to enter in- to the same treaty stipulations, and as President Taylor observer, “the work coustructed uader these guarantees wil! necome a boud ef peace in- stead of a cause of copteution amd strife between the nations of the earth.” Ly relations ot America wih Great most friendiy character, and the removal of all ree errictions on the laws of vavivetion, by botiveoun- tries, is jusily commemorated es au erain their common commerciel interests ) But althou,h we have the utmost confidence in the character and intentions ot Grneial Taylor, ‘we cennot be insersible to the difficulties of his position, aud these difficulties may compromise not the free exerciee of bis own power, but the interests of the country. Tiere are, undoubtedly, questions ou feet in the United States which eaten to coavulse the nation, to divide the legis lative and the executive authorities, and even to t the Union; end as these questions rise, drivee to contemplate all the expedients which may avert the evils of such a catastrophe. — & asingular species of reaction, the aovexation of e raising to the supreme diguity « military statesman of mederate aud pacitic views, whilst they have imposed on the country a salutary financial expia- tion of 16 million doilars in detiewt. But these ehecks ere temporary; the impulse still exists amongst the popeles party, and though some may contemplate War as a means of holdieg the Union quest and the ecquirition of foreign territory are of all causes the most likely eventually to sever and desi at. To ail such projects, we have no doubt that Gen. Toylor will oppose @ successful, though probably a quwet, resistence. An American President ma say, With more truth thau the head of the Frene republic, thst the minis’ have po reverses to ap- prehend so long they enjoy hie confidence ; or, rather, the President is himseit the direetiag m- nister, whose teanre of office canuot be shortened, end whore policy may be censured and resisted, but very imperfectly controlled. At the same time, the President has thought fit to voluateer a decla- ration, that the power of the veto will never be exercised by him, except in the cases contemplated by the fathers of the republic. RA Although, upon thie ocession, no distinet intima. tion has been given of the views of the cabinet on the free eoil question, and the President probably thinks it more politic and convenient to await the emphatic languege in which he recommends the servation of the integrity ef the Union would acem to imply that some apprehensions have seri- ously been cutertained for ite duration, The grent- er part of the message is, however, devoted to a cussion of objects of public utility. Amongst these. the introduction of fresh modifieations in the tari of the United. States, tor the improvement of the revenue, apd for the protec of native industry, the reduction of postage to a uniform rate of five cen’ & project tor opening a line of com- munication, by railroad or otherwise, within the territory of the United States, from | waters of the Atle or the Gulf of Mexico, to those of the Pacific, are the subjects of the atest interest. In his foreign relations, the resident claims the full credit due to the resola- tion of the government to maintain the strict ob- ligations of neutrality, by prohibiting and prevent- ing all armaments, whether of foreigners or of Americen citizens, in the ports of the United States ; and in this respect the Union has, from the days ot Washington to the preseat time, given alaudable cxample to other nations. Upon the whole, this message is creditable to the American government, and should prove satisfactory to the country; for if the state of the finances is encum- bered with outstanding liabilities, that evil is the result of former excerses, and the price of their lute victories. Dut the message does not dilate upen some of the most east foe = over the Congre: ad we shall war mapenene, erert, the arrival of the debates place in Washington. i ndon Chronicle, Jan. 10) Presi Ylor'e long-lookedefor message is at last before us. It is favorably distinguished from many of its predecessors, not only by the merit of comparative brevity, but by a cerinin dignified re~ serve of tone which we have not often noted of late care ia there presidential mamfestoes. The pre- inary patriouc flourish, prescribed by custom, is abridged by good taste; end aftera few of the farmhar allusiens, which perhaps could not have been prudently omitted, te such topes as “empire of freemen,” “derided predictions of evil prophets, and “the most stable and permgneat government jollowed by « becoming recognition of -the President the foreign and bilities of stateemanship, than by t enctes Which might have tempted a ters serup fous and upright men into manuf.cturing political copital by # dexterous use oF! rtela exciting to- pice. “Oar relations with Great Britwin are,” gaye, “of the most friendly cherecter”"—an an- pounerment which appears in snegestive joxtapo- sition 10 the mention of ece ot alteration ia the British Navigation Ac’ . of the antiel- pated “benefits to both const from myataal free trade tm shipping. The 7 snd «fair ie pot named; kod elthough there ts ious look+ ing paragraph, in which t American wer” arsumer a sort of [er leveer nevehbore, “in the ever between them and any uropern p 6 indication of any retuel iv ' se of this very qur © Honduras plomatic treat fem » Avaltev | reserved for and we learn with pleasure that there 18 no dispo- | -xas, and the Mexican war, have had the effect of | together in. preeence of a foreign enemy, yet con- | decision of Congress than to anticipate it, yet the | summary ot administrative details, and to the diss | | scarcely seems-culculated to promote the mamte- | of imtemational usage. | ‘Taylor must be, to sey the yeest op exceedingly | when the eubject comes regularly before Congress. | ceives his best chance of guining u modicum of be the general of President Taylor to k e ge purpose of Presi ener ies 10 keep combustible materials, as far as sight and reach of the extreme ry reas. ith reference to the Nica busin like- wise, commendable te1 is manilested. Whatever may be thought of the point which has been raised respecting th ed ts of Lord Palmerston’s friend, the ito question which we do not feel concerned to discuss —there cannot be two opinions as to the wise honest pohey which, with every arance good faith, is indicated in the follewing paragraph ot the message: ving been 0: eluded vas | maces 7 agua, by & com! com por gene, for ihe purpose of pee s ship canal throvgh the territory of that State, to conmect the At- lentic ard Pacific oceans, I have directed the nego- tint ofatreaty with Nicaragua, both go- vernments to protect these who shall ‘and per- fect the work. All other nations ai wited by the Siate of Nicaregua to enter into the treaty stipu- lations with her ; and the benefit to be derived by each from ruch em arrangement wil! be n of this inter-cceanic communication agsinst any pews which might seek to obstruct it, arto monopoli.e its advantages. All States evtering into such a treaty will enjoy the right of passage the canal on Payment of the same tolls, The werk, if constructed under there guaraptees. will broome owed med strife between stead of @ a of coptoution nations of earth. Should the great maritim of Europe consent to this ari t (and we ‘RO reason to suppose that # proj ir and bovorable will be opposed by any). the e of their People avd ours will co-operate in pi the suc- ‘cons of the enterprise.” ‘This needs no comment, beyond le ex- pression of an earnest hope that no will arise, m any quarter, to the completion of a work in which commerce, civilization and ity are so deeply interested. ¢ . The other topice of foreign poly touched "Pee in the message do not call tor much remark. The President announces the satisfactory adjustment of therecent diplomatic tiff with France; and we and serious” diflerence with Portugal, on a debtor end creditor question, is adverted to m terms which will, it may be hoped, facilitate an early settlement. ‘There is, pethaps, more frankness than decorum in the broadly hintea regret that the Austrian em- Jire has eccaped dismemberment; and the ennouncement that an agent had been expressly commissioned by the United States government to teke the very first opportunity of * welcoming in- dependent Hungary into the family of nations,” bance ef “our accustomed amicable relations” with the legitimate sovereign of that country. With this exception, however, we are bound tosay that the languege ot President Taylor's message is that of a suler who understands and respeets the obbgetions of international Jaw and the proprieties i With reference both to the attempted equipment, at New York, ot a “ Ger- men-t mpire” war steemer for service against Den- mak, and to the nefarious project of a Cuban exe pec.uon, he telke of “executing the law of the United States, and maimtsiping the faith of trea. tice, an a style which is highly rutisfactory. Even mese phrases are bot quite valueless, when they in- dicate the turn of a man’s mind, and the habitual bent of hie character; and we own that it gives, us real pleasure to see a United States President harp- ing cn such topics as © Jaw of nations,” * honor of America,” “sacred obligations of the constitu- tion,” end “policy of Washmgton.” The new President’s known opinions as a whig didnie will of couree have prepared our readers: for a certam amount of protectionism in his first negesge to Copgress The most notable feature im this portion of the decument 1s, perhaps, its well guarded and carefully-balanced moderation. Cooly ugh. he puis ‘eugmentanom of the revenue” in tront of his protectioaist scheme of “specific duties’ —a mode ot stating the question which, tothese who know that “revenue tarifi” hes long been the very shibboleth of the American fieetrace party, will at once suggest that Mr. mile protecnonmist. We shell be better able to ap- preciate the force and intensity of the “reaction” In the meanume, all we really know about the metter as, that the protectionist Premdent con- “encouragement to domestic induetry” to lie in a ekilfal use of. the free-traders’ “watchword. Whether sincere or insincere, this adoption of our opponents’ political vocabulary may always nificant homuge to their power urd ymportance. By x ‘The slavery question is, as might have been expected, rmoothed over with a deprecatory pro- text ngaimet the introduction of * exeitung topics of a cecuonal charecter ;” but it is hardly peceasary to bunt that cautions of this kind are apt to be least «fcacious where they ere most called for. A | very few weeks will euffice to mform us whether | toe spirit of com ise and mutual concession | which bas hitherto adjourned, frem generation to | geverenon, the political difficultie this terrible social controversy, stil exists in sufficient force to | prolerg yet further the truce between North and South. For our ownjpart, we think far more highly | of the power of the Union to endure and survive | the engry egitetion of * exciting topics of a sec- | uonal character,” than we do of the efficacy of | the Presidential “solemn warning” against all agitation whetever ‘The chief remaining topic of the message, por- seesing pre minent terest, 18 the state of the | Union's finances. The believers in human per- | | fectibility under republicon institutions, will be | sliceked to find how very closely the model repub- treading in the steps of the old world monar- | chiew end aristocracies. Our transatlantic trienda | have bad their “little war,” hike less enlightened | | nations, and now they are busy about | litle till for the seme. A deficit, esti | werde of 16 milhons of dollars, for the pe | two fineneral years ending the Ist July, 185) | erneunced in the message before us—and the | evdent proposes to fill this unpleasant hiatus be- ye end expenditure by the very old- | wd expedient of a And, worse still, | u vue defence” question is troubling our | | nypvblicen relation, in the shepe of a“ gi | of frontier,” which calle for a more efficien | tery esteblishment.” Thus, a war deficit, a | neve coldiers, end more taxes are the most recent | financial developements of the United States poli- tics. We trust that the American people will be | werned by this litle piece of expenence, and will | proceed no tarther in the dangerous and downward path ; and, in the hope of their finely repentance, | we venture to intercede on their behalf with the | great pence o le, and to entreat that he will not, on thie eceasion, call a public meeting to denounce | | the sun of subscribing to a * war loan.” Arctic Discovery ‘The Departure of | (From the London Standard of Freedom, J) All things being in readinees, the veso expedition, at an early hour © ing, slipped from their mooring’ } | a most imposing one, and will long liv | membrence of the thousands who witnessed it, | mony of whom were seen to shed tears. On the | wherf of the dockyard were assembled Captain | Tioratio Austen, C.B., Acting he po noma of | | Woolwich Dockyard ;’ the principal officers of the | | yard, the bend of the dockyard battalion, and the | | Whele of the artieons and laborers both of the | dockyard end fectory, amounting to about 1,800 | men, ‘The Fiegerd flag-snyp manned her yards | and hosted her colors. The Monkey, steam tug, | tock the Enterprise in tow, and the lavestigator vos token in tow by the Lightaing steam yacht. The word for starting having been given, both of | the steamers put th in motion. As the veesele were leavi struck up the Netiona. eypropriate airs of “* Hearts | Britannia,” * The d acquaintance,” “ Jeannette As the discovery ships ter dypped ite colors a which was followed by | preesive adieu from the dey Tore « cheer loud a9 1.800 ve eree to—enother—and another—and ¢ died over the waters id Father Thames as the Enterprice ond Investigator floated down the erreetn. . * ‘The ebipe proceeded to Greenhithe, to have their comyaeses adjusted, and yesters clerk from Londen went down to pry them in advance. This morning they will leave Greenhithe, and be towed to Devonport, where their final orders will await them. At twelve o'clock, the Right Hon. Sit F. Bering, M_P., Firet Lord of the Admiralty ; Rear. Acmiral Dendas, CB, MP, Firet Navel Lord; Keor-Aémiral Berkely, M.P., CB.; Captain Lord Jobn Hey; Sit Baldwin Walker, KC. H., Surveyor of the Navy; and a party of lv trived in their carriages at the dockyard, ot Onk,” “Rule, it! T lett behind me,” * Should id Jeannot, &e he Fi d 2 pra’ smmediately embarked om board the lack Evgle, edmiralty eteam yacht, and proceeded to Greenhithe, where they inepected the discovery shipe, and fememed come time on board. ‘Their Jovdehips returned to Woolwich shortly after four “clock, and immediately re-entered their carriages: i retayned to town. The Niger, screw steam », which was to have eecompanied the veesela Jevonport, was not ready im time, owing to some defects in her machinery. Beruin, December 24, 1849, The Dissolution of Parliaments m Germany—Ab- dication of Arch-Duke John—Holiday Scenes in Germany, §. We have, to-day, by telegraphic despateh, the announeement of another dissolution of Parlia- ment, which has taken place in Wurtemburg. The Constituent Assembly at Stuttgardt has been dis- solved by order of the government, and this is the second dissolution of a German State Assembly, which has occurred in the course of a week, while several more are expected to take place very short- ly. The German cabinets are evidently determined to put down all parliaments which have hitherto of- tered any opposition, or may venture to do so here- after; and a clean sweep is now being made of those which have till now not promptly obeyed the govern- ment, or even resisted them on various occasions. The Chamber of Oldenburg was dissolved a few daysago, because differences had arisen between it and the cabinet of the Grand Duke, on the question of the enirance into the Prussian Union, the House refusing to sanction the adhesion to the latter. The Parliament of Wurtemberg has been dissolved, because it had been atdisunion with the goverament on several important questions ; and, ufter having voted the ministry a want of confidence on difier- ent occasions, had latterly positively declined to ‘ive its assent to the imposition of taxes demanded by the government. Other parliaments, whose duys are likewise counted, are Seed named; and it ia not doubted that all those State Assemblies in Germany, which yet contain revolutionary or de- mocratie elements, will be, by degrees, extlagsiah: ed. It had, hitherto, been impossible to crush the opel revolution and democracy so etlectually in e minor States, where it has nm deeper root, as has been done in the larger States. But by means of strong and repeated doses of cabinet meatures, among which, in addition to dissolu- tions of parlioments, military interventions are to be made use of, when necessary, it 1s hoped matters will take a different turn, The annexation of the minor powers to the Prussizn Union, is but to pre- re for a new series of coup d’ états, which are to e served up in regular courses, in the manver of French dishes. It hes now become a matter be- yond all doubt, that the Prussian cabinet, notwith- standing the fine ministerial speeches we have beard cn German unity, meditates nothing less than the establishment of that uaity, or of a con- federation which is fo unite the German people in one bedy politic; and that, with the per- mission of Austria, and the Eimperor Nicholas, itmerely intends to forma union with those of the minor powere, the cabinets of which are not strong enovgh to check ;evolationary movements. The eld Bund is, in the meaptime, to be restored, and adehnitive settlement to be agreed upon after- wards, be tween the Austrian and Prissian cabinets. ‘That this would be the end of the tragi-comedy of the German union, we have predicted loag ago, but itis only now that it is being confirmed facts, The leichstog at Erfurt is vo be assemble: merely for the purpose of setting @ constitution, which 1s to become the supreme law in the minor states, @ greet proportion of which are still in pos- session of the liberal coustitutions and laws pro- nigated during the revolution. While the demo- ale institutions are to be abolished, the disselu- tions of refractory parliaments are, in the meantime, to be continved. The law, according to whieh the elections for the Keichstag are to take place, is formed entirely on property qualifications; and the Aseembly, which 13 to meet at Exfurt, wall be theretore selected chiefly from the most conserva- tive classes. The democratic party have resolved to abstain, em masse, from taking part in the elec- tions ; end the ground taken by them is, that they refuse to vote by any other law but that of univer- sal evffreges which has been guaranteed by the constutnnion of the late National Assembly. The lutier, it is magntained by them, 18 still to be re- garded es legally existing, and as the only supreme law for Germony, since the Aesembly by which it was establiched bad been elected by the whole German people, and recognized by all the govern- nepte of Germany, Ther resolution has Leen re- ceived by the conservative with the greatest satssfaction nd it may be farrly questioned, under existing cireuaistone id the preecat moment, When a reaction bh place in public opinion course they have deciged upon is yud: ters rarely become better, 2 in our pockets, and assume rot otlend- ity, as the liberal party have resolved to do. ‘The formal abdication of the Archdoke John sgnation of the Central power, took plece at Fronktort last week in the presence of the commissioners appointed by Austia and Rass in place of the Provisions! Government. The Keichsverweeer, or head of the ceatral power, addressed the committeegn a speech, ta which he etated, that notwithstanding he had intended to quit the high station to which he had been called long ere the present, he been induced, in con- and the government, jous. Mat- keep their sequence of.the dangerous condition, in which Germany hed been ploced alter the dlasolutign of 5 Now the Nationel Assembly, to retain his post. that anew government for Germany was a ed, he was ready to resign; and in doy essed bis thanks for the confidence which hed fren repored in him by the government of Ger- many, as well as by the National Assembly, though the latter existed no longer. That assembly had precipitated its own fall by tranecending the limit of legal powers, which had been assigned to its it | had tengbt the German people 8 great moral few ton, which was, that it would prove imp: ssible to obtain a constitution for Germany by eny other means but such as were strictly within the law. He tranemitted the authoritv, he had been en- tueted with over to the commistioners of the new central power, conscious that the governments of Austria and Prussia, which they represented, eed in promoting the unity and welfare y. Inreply to the address of the Arch- é . one of the Aurtrian commissioners, Peron von Kubeck Kuben offered to the Reichs verweser the thanks of the committee tor having thfully discharged his duties amid the diffi- culties with which he hud been surrounded ; and added the e present government would endeavor te do the same during the period for which it had been appointed. Thus ended tne abdication of the central power, and the inaugu- ration of the new government of Germaoy, The fact that en Austrian commissioner had been elected specker of the commutee, is stated to imjly that Austria means to assert her clam to the presidency of the new goveroment, in the same manner es she had acted as head of the old Bund. A creat dinner bas been given by the Archduke John to the members of the new central power, to which the Senate and authorities of Franktort ‘were invited. . To morrow being Christmas day, all 1s life and bustle to-day throughout the city, in pre for the grand bescheerwng, or * presentation of giluw,” which i to. eke place this evening, and which is consicered in many to be a most important part of the Christmas celebrati of maki n Christi Gem _ the remetest ages, to be en imitation of a similar custom used at a feast of the old R whie! time when Christm the habit ey be ta ri to an extent in Germany which the old f. The Christian that gifts are pre- n of the birth and childheod of our Saviour; and the sense of this is stated to apply equally as well to the grown up children as to the little ones, ‘Thus presents are made likewise beiween married people, frievds, end relations, The scene of a German Bescheering is sometimes & very bril- lant one; and beside, and around the “tree.” li up with tepers, end hung with sweets, which is the great object of admiration of the younger generations, aie arranged presents for the elder { the choicest, and frequently most costly The show end display made on these occa- sre generally but ill in proportion with the for- those who make them; but Christmas hap- once a year, the expense isnot minded, peideration ot the additional good cheer Christmas presents never ta duce. Among the peorer classes, the tree whatever be the iow of the tary. r I, the Christmas fair in front of the al palece hes again been opened, ard rows of the, im whech every deseription of articles are d for sale, extend all along into the Breite Strose, of browd #t if he should haype k from one of the of his palace pay, w. ae far ae the eee the busy world below, oceupied with buying and selly Porsibly he, or any other leckeron, in demg so may imagine thet trade and yrdwetry ere egain reviving, and that confidence is restored. But this is not eo. Though the present state of trade is more flourishing than t hae been sinee the revolution, it is far from re- gaming that vigor which is the consequence ve ceri Remans probably had no ide interpretation of the practice, 1 sented to children in commeme their favor, whether the | SUNDAY MORNING, JANUARY 27, 1850. was held at the | of naturel developement, life everywhere on the European continent, the | life of trade und commerce at the present moment is but of the galvanic kind, its natural flow having, ceased under the won rule and reiga of military tic government. The pros- peet, too, of new convulsions and commotions | which are inevitable, necessarily tead to check | every thing like enterprise. A singularly fortunate attempt has, however, of late, been made, to erect | @ great estabbshment, or magazine, here, of ta- | shionable articles of ladies’ dress,’ on the same footing as exists at Paris. Notwithstanding the bad times, and the predictions of every one that the wpe ccianeag cous not be carried out, tue magazine of Gerson bas, ina short time, become so much the fashion, that no lady of any note would now | wear an article not bought at the said establish. ment. 1] understand that, forthe last fortnight, the average amount #f goods sold by the latter was ten thousand dollars per day, and the rage is such, that it threatens to ruin all other establish: Thus industry and perseverance will, sometin work their Way even under the most adverse cir- bie on dat Vi hib jecree has appeared at Vienna, prohibitin, the sale of the Presse newspaper, which was oe prededs me time ago, but which 1s now again eing publishe it Brunn, under a severe penalty. ‘Whoever is to be found reading or sriling the pa per, is to be placed before a court martial ! The Doom of Kossu in Tarkey. im the London Standard of Freedom, Jan, 12.} he lest mail from Constantinople brought us the newa that the question regarding the Hungarian refugees was finally settled between Rusaia and Tukey. The Times exultingly assured us that the teyms proposed by the Porte had been accepted by the Czar; and that the ambassadors of, Eagland and France have expressed their satisfaction with these terms—the question was settled. What are these terms! We thought that the point in question was the inviclability of the hospuulity of Turkey ; the refusal to allow the Emperor of Russta to inter fere with the Turk ishreception of fugitives that were no subjects of his. That to assert this night the Sultan defied the threats of Russia, and that England and France chivalrously vowed to defend Tukey inits honorable resolve. For this Freace and Eagland advence their fleets to the Dardanelles; there is a big ond blusterirg airassumed by the three powers; there is great offence manifested by Russia, im- mense dudgeon by its ambassador, a prodigious ruvring to and fro of Effeudis and envoys, and so eventually the thing 18 arranged. But how ar- Tapged t Arranged, says the Times, quite to the satisfaction of all partes. Dembinsky and the rest of the Poles are to be expelled from Turkey—Kos- suth and ins feliows ure to be imprisoned for life i» come fortified town in Central Asia! Js that the arrangement so sausfsetory to all ties ’—To Turkey, to England, and to France? as it for that that there was so much mouthing avd frowning, so much blustering and mena- cing of wart Why, what could Russia or Aus- tna cesire more, except the actual delivery of | the refugees to the tender mercies of their gibe bets? fur as Turkey, France, end Eaglind are concerned, the question is, fairly con to the imeolent and_ overbearing Czar. After all the pretence of defiance, the three powers have cowed and given up the affair. So far as the ho- norof Turkey was concerned, it lay in preserving the mviolabiluy ot the hospitauty given to the refugees. But_ is expulsion from the kingdom, at the dietum of the haughty Russian, such iavio- lability? ‘The sentence pronounced on the Polea, however, is bearable. They can remove them- selves from the ferocious demands of the Ruasian, and the feeble swagger of Turkey; but for Kos: ewth end bis companions, what doom, short of thatof the scaflold or the gallows, could Russa desire more } They are to be imprisoned for lite —imprisened, be it remembered, at the dictum of Russie. are not to be allowed to remove | themselves to a more secure and hospitable region. | They are to be kept sule—safe from uguin endan- gerng Austrian despotism and Russian serfdom. ‘They are to be kept sufe from proceeding to a land, where the very presence of Kossuth would fiempderp into the spirit of the civihzed world, the sentiments of disgust and contempt for the Rus- pee "w biutal force already so uneauive- cally pronounced, ‘The Makan has, infact, afer all his bravade, consented to become the jailer of Nicholas, and has converted the boasted hospitality of the Mussalman into the ereeping (reachery of a terrified bully. And England, we are told, has consented to this— is perfecuy satistied with thearrangement. What! was it for ihis that enthusiastic public meetings were held all over the country—the audscions demands of Russia denounced—the epinit of Turkey applauded —and ovr government culled upon to protest, most decidedly, ageinstevery concession to a demand so ineolent end eo disgraceful? 1i that was all, we are altogether mictaken in the views and ferliags of the people of England. It never could be the tatention of the publie to be conteated with the imprisoameat of the Hungarian refugees for life,by way of Turk- ish hospitality. It never could be for any such end that our government, acting under the impuise of puble feel, , ordered the Britich fleet'to the Dar- denelies, ard announced support to Turkey. Sup- port im its becoming turnkey to the Czar! Sapport m the perpetual imprisonment ot the Hungarian chiets at the demand ot Russia? The British pab- he regarded Kossuth aud his companions as who had been heroically and rightfully defe ing thelr constitution and their country. ‘They Tegarded the interference of Russia in the tempt to put down the liberties of, be with undisguised and unmitigated he still regard Kossuth and his compa ve rey yer mance Port of useia—os amenable to no di the guests, and not the prisoners |, consequently, as at liberty to depart p their ehode where they will. But, reyes th , the conduct of Kossuth and hie companions te now most ungratetul. England and France have saved them fiom the cluteh of i} nesia end the gallows, and now they are most in- diwnent at the idea of being held as perpetual pri- fouers! 4 Itis plain that Kossuth and his comrades re- gerded the aseurances of Turkey, and the projects of Englond and France, precisely as the people of this county regarded them—bona /jide ex- pressions of resistance to all demands ot Rus- fia concerning the fate and the liberties of the refugees. We shall be greatly mis token if the Englich public rest satisfied in the recent extraor ry arrangement We cannot elieve that it can have meunt nothing more thaa a heetoring defiance to [ussia, and then a quiet submissios will, We are aware that a cou- ched thie country in all speed from Kos We trust that the public will not sutler ‘almerston to want its aid and countenance ding from Turkey an actual and not a sistance to the R nassumption. The thom Times says, with a chuckle, Cobden boasted that he would crumple up the Russian power like a bit of peper, and that Ruseia immediately laid ry at its feet—that Cobden denounced the loan, and it was immediately ruised.— That paper pursues its steady couree, maligaing the defeated Hungarians and [talians in every pos sible manner—blackening the character of the most distinguished of their ladies—ond it may now add to us demonic trinmphe the taunt that the English people protested against the audacity of end that sudecity was immediately crowned by the qaailing of the Turk, and the ig- nomnious acquiescence ot H.nglend’s own ambos fador in the Infamous subrmiesion. We wait for further indiecatious of the poblic mad on this sine gular subject. ‘The Montevideo Que (From the Paris La Presee, Ja tJ England, after heaving anxiously sought for the protecrorate of thet town, has given idea, for two reesons: fret, because she perceived that the expenee would never be covered by the results; and next, because she has seen that the great dis coveries recently made, and the great industrial preyects which will be the consequen of them, other point of the American ¢ nent the f herinfloence and of her commerce, fact, mistress of the passages tethmue of Panama; bat, yoke n of neross Nicaragua, With chances of probebility, she at once went and establiehed hefrelt at the most important this terriniory. The stratagem which she d is well known. She turned an idiot pm f the Mosquitos, w Jamaica, and the pg bratelived him with wine and +d to bum, tn the mame of the Queen of England, the independence and integrity of Mesquite territory. Immediviely, tne English Corsulgocenpied, in the name of the new king, the right benk of the river Nicaregua, ae the i mit his kingdom. But, immediately also, the United States, who not admit, under bY pretext, the enerorchment of the European sewers on the American continent, protested, and ‘he reevit hasbeen « gross affair, which 1@ increas | rg each day, aed which England will not easily eet rid of. There alen, however, remains a re- rouree, and it ts still M. Thiers and his policy— that fatal policy which has led vs to La Plata and call to trendy, eueren | end sailed hie ship vpon that principle ; oro TWO CENTS. continued us there, at the sacrifice to intere: which are not our own, of our fleets, our soldie our money and our commerce. After ten years ot deplorable sacnfices, an nity ig presented of getting out of the matter honorably, and M. ‘Thiers makes a Jast effort to fling us back into war, aod to render more difficult the solution of a matter which has been justly called his own, Eng- land will be obliged to him, for if the United States of South America have to pay attention to our intervention in La Plata, they will be less stroag to oppose, as they desire, the encroachments ot the Bntish flag in Central Am » Why does M. Thmers attach so great a value to diminish the emberrassments of England aad to multiply those of France? Why bas he such hatred. against Roses? Is it to prevent him trom claiming the Falkland Islands, which are the property of the Confederation, and Guano, which the English have stolen from the coast of Pata- gonia? What interest has M. Thiers to desire that France should engage in a policy, the conse- quence of which would infallibly, be “the destruc- tion of the country which he desires to take under his protection? It is evident, in fact, that this poli- cy, if France should ever unfortunately adopt it, would lead Rosas to wage a war to the knite st Mentevideo, until he had sneceeded in uniting it to the confederation, or perished in the attempt. In the ideas of M. Thiers, the enemy is Rosas and Buenos Ayres; Montevideo, consequent- ly, is 4 perpetual menace for the industry, com- | merce and independence of the Argentine confede- ration. Rosas weuld necessarily be led, if M. ‘Thiers’s policy was wdepted by the Assembly, to eee in Montevideo a Caruiwge which should be de- stroyed at every price, and he could reckon, in the struggle, on the support and co-operation of the other States of America, and of the cabinet of Wash'ngton. (From the Paria La Foigia} The government, itis said, 1s resolved to send an expedition immediately Montevideo, to be composed ef from 2,000 to 3,009 men. Several representatives have received an assurance of this resolution from members of the cabinet. [From the Paris Correspondent of the Londoa Times.) ‘The statement in the foregoing paragraph ap- peared to me to be so inconsistent with the-late vote on the subject in the Legislative Assembly, and ro contrary to the opinions expressed by the Minister for Foreign Affairs on the same occasion, that Lhave made some inquiries respecting its ac- curacy, and {find that ithas been confirmed by some personal friends of the President of the re- public. It is further stated that the envoy from the government of Montevideo had an interview yes- terday with Gen. Lahitte, the Minister for Foreiga Affairs, at which tane the plan of the expedition wastully discussed. I think, however, that the tatement ought to be received with great caution. [From the Paris Opinion Publique } P Y ay, during the ballot on the Montevideo gnestion, Genera! d’Hautpoul accosted M. Victor Hlogo, Whe was ascending the tribune with a blue tichet an bis hand. ** What,” observed the Gene- ral, “you, the sworn friend of peace, are going to vote for war!” “And you, General,” rejoined M. Victor Hugo, “the sworn friend of war, are going to vote for peace !” The debate on the Montevideo question has been brought to an end. An amendment was brought forward by M. de Rancé, and adhered to by the nunistry, to the eflect that ** as the govern- ment had declared that it intended to continue the negotiations for the purpose of guaranteeing the honor and interests of the republic, and as in every care the Prench subjects ta that part ot the world were to be eflectually protected against all the eventuolities that might arise, the Assembly passed to the order of the dey.” ‘This amendmrat was pted by a majority of 38, the numbers being to 200° ‘The bill was then passed by a majo- nity of 496 to 65, The Loss of the Uaieb Grimshaw, To rux Lorror or Tax Lonoon Tairs — Rasreciep Friene :—We wrote thee on the 24th metant, respecting the destruction by fire of the siup Caleb Grimshaw, to which thou hast made no reply, but which we think we were fully entitled as consignees and agents for the ship. ‘There is no question but the calamity is one of the most painful nature, id one which we most deeply deplore, yet we feel that no Blame attaches: torsin the matier. We cannot, however, in jus- t ce to those interested in the emigration business of this port, the owners of Americaa ships, the gration eflicers, end those more immediately | npected with the ship Caleb Grimshaw, pass | over in silence thy remarks on this terrible cala- mity, contained in an editorial article of the 251h | restant, which ts now before us : iret, then, we have the broad assertion that the in which an cree py bd omg a must be taken * badly constructed, badly found, badly com nunded.” Now this we deny to be the case, par- | tievlarly with those splendid American ships which have, with the last few years, oeen lau! the yards of the best builders in the Uatted States. hs fe ship Caleb Grimshaw was one; and, as a reply to the assertion with re- ference to bad’ construction, We may say that she was built in New York, in the year 1847, by one of the most noted builders there; no pains or cost were spared to have her materials of the very best desenption. The parties for whom she was built have been connected with emigration for the last thirty years, and have, during that time, had every opportunity of knowing what the requirements of emigrant ships are or ought to be, Ia the building wnd fitung and contriving of this ship, it was the | owners’ chief aimto make ber what @ passenger ship should be; wud eo far did they succeed in these | respects, that she has been taken fora model, in nemerous instances, by others; and the certificate ot the government inspectors of this port will give emple proof that she was ** well calculated for the conveyance of emigrants.” Secondly, as to being “ badly found,” we may assert that she had, atleast, ove life-boat, one onge beat end two quarter-bouts, besides some life- buoys, and an ample supply of spare spars, saile, and other marine stores of the very best deserip- = ae poe wee aged on pas d whieh, thoogh pot legelly required, wae, rhaps, more heat ptheng eles, the means, w dee Brovthcesn, of keeping the ship from consuming under the pas- sepge that was 4 fire-eagine, an article which comparatively few vesvels carry. Her boats were as good as any beats carried by merchant- men, ond instea ing unable, thou assert to coptain oue-tenth of the passengers, we shoul one- would ask thee, if thou supposes the | ber boat ever buMP would not be likely to | or sunk if improperly lowered into a But they proved themwelves good | eny Oe peed have accommodated at lea fifth. e boats, or the oF were. ye will now glance at thy assertion ef “badly commanded.” As « class of captains, it 1s univer tally acknowledged that those employed in the Amerioun merchant service are superior to our own ; and it is under their care that the great bik of emigrants are conducted in salety from these to | the American shores. Capt Hoxie bas been about twenty yeers very favorably known as skulful and hermene. He was brought up in the oldest estav- lished line of packets from this port to New-York, snd was for many years the successful commander of one of their best vessels; and such was the es teem aad respect which he garoed from his pas that he reldor returned to Liverpool with log to chow us some preveot or testimonial rage included) as to the nu whieh they had been d; ond of these we cond, if required, pro- ample f, He wae bimeelf a vectotalier, we ur ut, after such loog wi the hour of celamity ¢ « men is to be condemned, with the strength of @ single cabin p = Kent, Whowe name is Hot forthcoming, as“ aman | who, by duct throughout the catastrophe, showed how untit he was to be trusted with so heavy 9 responaibihty We ehall now pass on to thy iaability to find that the most ordinary precaution had been token for the ecourity of the enngrents This, of courses, we | ach hou canet not glean from “A Cabin Pas: | ferget’s” etovement ; but, before making such an aiteck, We think it would have been befiuing such & powerful engine ae the Times to have made some inquiry of thore most likely to know, how far this eWerpirg charge could be t We do not ork thet thou should’st have applied to ua, bat to the government offices and Livy d's surveyors for this pot, to whom we treely and fearlessly refer thee Pray, whet chip can or does cerry boats sufficient ok it very ple service, whe would not have borne towing ssiera | a vessel for five days and nights, heavily loaded as | that it is rather singular that the loss of life has, ecording to the * Cabin Pt ” statement, arisen, not from the want of the means of oners . araft, but in the first place in leaving the ship on and next from want of water, which = gers, ainst the express wishes hon ined teeblealy deprived themselves of by staving ia the anks. We now come to thy remarks on the stowage of the cargo. For thy inference we may say, that the casgo is engaged by the oameigaces of the ahip, whose business itis io use all the care they cam frefehiee an thing a me nature; it is stowed under the care of respec and respon- sible stevedores, Sand no light is allowed on board apy vessel in the docks of Liverpool; and lastly, the captain exercises a vigilant care as to the na- ture the cargo; and it is rather remarkable in the case of that under notice, that so cautious was Capt. Hoxie on this head, that he even had some packages which he suspected as likely to conta some inflammable materials, opened for his i on; but seat did not centain an: thing of the kind, or they wor ld not have been suflered to have gone in the ship. The ship was not freighted with aa inflammable cargo—at least, not with one likely to be spontaneously so, unless we should except 100 tons of coals, spread over the floor fof the ship, which, we think thou wilt agree with us, do not aflord much ground to suppose they were the cause of the sad catastrophe. That she had no signal gun on board, we freely admit; and, though s may be no mio Ph we may say very few Americun packet ships leaving this port have one. As for blue lights and rockets, we cannot think Capt. Hoxie was without them. Another word abou: the captain and his conduct. The correspondent omitted some very material points in his statement oa this subject. He ought to have said that Capt. Hoxie chartered the bark Sarah, at the =r of the owners of the Caleb Grimshew (of which number the captain is one to take the passengers forward to New York, an that he left them under the plat Rood care of Capt. Cook and the American Consul, who were doi, all they could to make them comfortable, ee would get them away as soon as possible. We have stated that Capt. Hoxie sailed his ship on temperance principles. It may be asked, how, then, did it happeu that there was brandy on board, the drioking of which was so near produciag such fatal consequences? The facts are, that when cabin passengers wish to have it, Capt. Hoxie’s good nature will not let him refuse signiog @ jor them to take out a@ supply, and we have very good reasons for believing that a part of what was tuund on bourd the Caleb Grimshaw belonged to @ cabin passenger.” There is one question we wish to ask thee, and that is, what, means has modern science invented by which a fire in the hold, which cannot be got at, can be extinguished us soou as discovered ? in conclusion, we wish to say, that this awful and most lamentable catastrophe is one of those te which the best regulated of ali human contrivances is hable, Weare fur, very far, from wishing to sey that nothing more remains to be done, ei for the comfort or safety of passengers; but we sey that the Caleb Grimshaw had all the require mente heretofore expected to be found by Americam ships, and in muny things she had far more than is required by present laws. [tis not our wish, hows ever, merely to supply what is legally required, but we trust we are willing to be among the first and foremost to provide, us far as possible, for the comfort and safety ot these who place themselves under our care. We have only to add the request that thou wilt give this an insertion in thy columns, as we con- sider What has previeusly appeared in the Limes om this subject is, from its unfairness, calculated to im jure our ipterests, which we are candid enough to believe thou hast no desire to do, We are, very respectfully, thy friends, 1 C. Gautsuaw & Co. Liverpool, 12th mo. 3ist, 1849. Affairs of Nicaragua, ited ‘viow Gazette.) ks since that Rear Admiral Hornby, 0. B, Commander-in Chief in the Pacitic, bas been ordered to proceed from Valparaiso, with all the men-of war ould collect, to Nicaragua, sad place his equadron at the disporal of the British Charge WAL falres, for the proteotion of Britieh interests agains: the designe aud encroachments thet can gr! together an that station and proceed (0 the Mosquito shove with the same view We take the fcllowing from the London @lob-, (the Organ sf ibe Britivh Ministry), which puts a differemt complesion om the position the British governmess means to aspume — 1. AMERICAN STATES, more of ber Majesty I unfortunately invested « la portion ef m; rty in Guatewals Donds, at the time when Great rian made the arrang wuts with Guatemala Hom vador, and Nicaragua (the ing Central America.) for the adjuat- Bas not ops fartaing of interest upot nt of their de Dave Lever reo tion of a mere f, i many of your cote of Lord Paimerston, tor ergetic measures be has taken bonesty te these defaulting 8: ‘The bugbvar with whic! ubite bie mies try to alarm viv, that our teking possession of foo, The Britioe it ert oud ment important portions of the M tery; must England, then reqnest the permission of foreign powers to arrort ber rights, and quietly allow Lervell to be chented. for fear of giving ofence? Lord Palmerrton Sdopted to this can ‘i At that date it was rumored that tu Jaouary the Km- PiTOr Would public a proclawatiom suspending mere motu the cometh two years ‘The Austrian cabinet has been frightened from ite propriety mor of an alliance between l'rassia, casting @ sartoryeny, the Austriaa documentary evi- ce of a fabulous courpiracy with whieh Priace sar: tysky is to be connected, lu order that he way be robbed of Bis estates Serious die and three pr broken out fo Croatia, ebediener to the hae ng by their congrege was held by the Emperor of Was remarked (hat not @ single . enel Of the Trobech eon ; (or national) has pubiie@ @ protet pguiect ae in Awettte, the oreaticn of a federal Siete, fr enien 1 be Tepresented om « tooting «who perce, have been seized perteet is scleral; hon the 20th, tm On the oontet deprived of their ithout any com von, sud the privates bave beem foresd imto the tree acwy. This vlolstion of the eral for the rest through. wader the burdens Iaid oa them by Hoa of the dioulttes of the St 4 O emigrants t We have before apoken oa board the Caleb Grim hy informont t# palpnoly at fait, a lite-bont on beard. there were f constructing then, was itthat the thiriy (Oaptarn ty) Whieh “A Cabin Uassenger” ne and bit the ehip! There is Neen ship leaving this port which has cent epare spate omd timbers to atge enough to held « consderable tr of persons. But here we would remark not on howd conetrnet ar nutabe 8 tary omens, dich ts eaid to be on eroveding murbiguoas terms the mfuletere, and | heme hes intimated that if thay persist in their present course. he will resign his baw tbip. N bing bee Appeared to fog On Mpevrreetio \ SS