The New York Herald Newspaper, January 1, 1850, Page 2

be Se Pine eee the engrogete toumags \ Mr Wm.H Webb has launched six ships. one steam- | ‘and one schooner as follows: Ship Albert Galle of tons; Manbattan, of 1.900 to ay Visas | Bering. of 2100 tons: Gallia of 1 660 tons; Catherine, of 700 tons; and James Drake, of 640 tons; steamtag Golish. of 41) tons; aud schooner Samuel M Fox. of 270 tons, which in pow on her way to San Francise> ‘They have on the stocks two ships, of about 1209 tons each. and one steamship, which 1s to run between this port and Savannah ‘Mesers Smith and Dimon have launched one clipper ebip of 600 tous. which is mow nearly ready for sea. She bas vot as yet received a name but beiongs (9% cou pany at Peter-barg ‘They have ow the stocks two kbips-—one of 1.200 tons, intended for the Liverpool M Kast inoi He has now on the stocks the ateam ship Avtaretic, of 8000 tons aleo f ne Bhip of L | of 400 tons. now at Fall end the Tabsea, of 300 tons probably at Harane Defore trix tine They wre building 250 fret in length to rum betwerm New Orlesov a Dobile of a very tine model Dreced tow ther by irom bars crossing ew Bevelly, which will give ber great strength. Merere Perrine Patterson & stack, at Williamaburg, | Dare jaunehed two ships, ove bark, and eix ferry | Deate, The ships were the Vioonderoge and Phi- | Jeceiphia, and bark Jasper hs Phiiadelpbis has ne returned from ber first voyage to Liverpool Chey ave One five ship on the stocks, of 1.185 teas, whioh ia | Teady tor launching Messrs, Jabez Williams & Sons have launched the ship Warhingten, the larges' mercbantman ailoa® now Teady to sail on her first voyage to Liverp ol; aud the Derk Green Point, a beautiful versel, now oo her way to | California, They bave a pilot boat of 00 tons now vn 4 ther dia Rroarirunation. | - Stewm- Ferry | ara, Bo) ips. bouts, Ships. Barks. 8: +. Trl. | Lavnehed, i vee (eas 3i | On brcks, 3 7 9 - 1 - 20 Totsl... 6 1% 2 SEY 6 (86 | Ip addition te the wbove, Messrs, Barclay & Town | fend, at Hoboken, have launched one ship, aud « Fehooner of 576 tons; aud Messrs Cafes & Allison, abe st Hobcken, have launched ope rebooser, one steamboat. sud @ barge, the aggregate toaaage of | whieh is 770. ~ : The aggregate tonnege launched during the year, is 165. avd whatds now on the stocks amounts to about 0,200 tons. | Vessels Built In the United States, | We take from the official report of the Register of | the Trearury.a condensed statement of the vessels built during the year ending 30th of Jane last, and the enrolled tonxage of the United States, with the number | Of foreign arrivals and departures during the same | period -— Starenent sHowinc THe Nummer ann Crass or Ves SFLY BUILT, ANY THe TONNAGH THEREOF, IN EACH Brave any Tranituny oy tHe Usted STATES FOR The YEAR ENDING ON THE 30M OF JUNE, IY. —~Clhiss of Fest. 3 3 Total ton, Bate. 8 § F FB 8 FS = hia nome 2 2 ose at : : >t 3 $8 - ; ee Poe 107 105 67 Bh - #¢- = 8 | 7 9 1 165 3 3 = 2B 1 “wo 86 | 8 13 a 2b 2 we 68 17 | = 6 — 23 9 — 6 12 = 2 — 2 2 ; 2 2 1 s — » - - 2 8 2 es er - = - 1 - 1 = 8 - - = - | 464 2 | ee a | - &@ & | - 8 ll w $3 § = = B 2 B) 8 at 63 eee a a edindiiiessctiiieedtitessiiies aan | 87026 LSAT 286,577 4; | D AND Ev ROLLED TONNAGE ING Tux TONNAGE EM- ¥; AL INCLUBIVE:~ ‘ Registered Years. Tinnuge. Enrolled and Licensed Tonnage. Tonnage. Ons Anv SSTHs 1,117,081 9) 114d, 207 92 1,211,391 1/8218 57 1,481,795 32 1 “0 0 i 1 1n6,000 1h 103.508 72 192,179 Ww 1bu, 186 20 3,584,015 29 Puorontion oy tux Es nouien ann Licensen Tonnacn S 1 1.486041 83 1875,073T. EMPLOYED IN THE M 42,942 02 Conngrseo Statemext or Torxace some oF the | Peinciran ov THE Ustren | a ry ssa05 Sem total..... 1,488 i 1,805,073 71 » Bratement oy THe Numnen ov Evrnances or Awent- | CAN AND FORHIG* Vessvce Witton Bytekeo tyro THe Bevenst Disrniets or tHe t STAT+S, wRom On COUNTHING, DURING THE Yeah ExDIvG JUaR AMERICAN VEE | Crews | No. ve pT) 2.668 22 +) FOREIGN eee ese? 1,710.8) ‘ a Tort ov & AN AND PORK FROOELS. 20.0 4,00 Wee 5 a0 BrArewent oF THE Nuswen or Cuyanancrs or Ament ANA eras Vass ternom Ponts uv rae Usiten | BLATAS, RULING THY Sante | CAN VEN j Ne. | 11406 FoRRIGN VE sig 1675 9 . TOTAL OF AWFRICAN AND FoR RIGS VRSHELA | 9.213 44 1s,ves % | Bia ties of the Law Courts for the Year 1849, | ‘We presetit our r of the Law Courts of New Blet December 1840. ard hare to expre leegements to the officers of the fereral courte wb Mawes are appended, not only for the trouble and Ia gratuitourly r bg us with the ‘tails, but for the willing and the following atatict ar cadtog our ack: ” tk, for the y . attention which our Jaw reporter uniformly receives from thom on every @ocasicn. SUPERIOR COURT Jevors —Chief Justice Onkiey, Lewis Ii. Sandford, and Aeron Vanderporl Crank.—R. V. Floyd Jones, Faq Dervry Comna.—G, T. Maxwelt, Req 1 Total Iegued 4 of re 62 rn) 61 ° 8 | ° | Seprember ‘ a5 October. . 106 12 November. . aa December. . 8 oa | ‘Tota “a 248 oo | SUPERIOR COURT. TRANSPERRED CAURES, Jonare —Duer, Campbell. and Viason. Aseietart Cure. ‘The number of « eourt were ae follows H Lyoch. Faq se8 argued and dispose! of in thir mi ay lant, ended end were for the mort part heary caores, & from the late Chancery Court. SvPREME CoVRT Chiet John W. Edmonds, ta Jvrors. 4 geton and Jas. ary Kage. The number of cavees tried in the Circuit Were, inciuding inquests, 9 follows Couns Ootober.... November... Total. . +« 18 Nomber eanses referred Bevery Bator day bas bee devoted to the hoaring of the Special Sessions is to dispose of cases of petit lar- | ceny wrault aud battery, aud disorderly comduct ge- berelly The following comparative tables will show the in- ercare of crime im our city, from time to time ‘ o8. ACQUITTALS, RE, HAO EN THE CoreTs oF Oren any Trnorsen, Gawemat axo Sreciat, Sessions ov ite Peace i ave ror THe City ano County oF New Yous, DURING Tam Yean 194%, comramnn with Hose OF 1848, OTER AND TRRMIYER 10 —1848 ~ Conv, eg Conv Acq. Murder... . a 1 A tw th ee 1 0 M aughterin the reoond he : i do third »» 8 ° 0 Acceseory to felony betore the fect. 0 1 0 MN gcc ccecccisoniecune © 8 0 7 4 2 ovwen 1088 Manrlenghter in the firet degree. 0 2 0 Do do. fourth degree. 1 0 a Avranit with Intent to kill, 6 8 3 t with intenttocommitrape. 4 @ 1 Do. do, TOD. .seee 2 e J Robbery in the firet degree. ..55 4 = 1 6 Do. do second de; . ° 1 Attempt to rob~ sending ing lettera.. 66. 1 hed | ° Attempt to poison e* 0 0 Kiot apd» ww «O 4 Arrault @ »o 8 in oe @ @ o yt to commit arson. . o 0 0 in the third degree. . a ry sees . 1 ” ° | Attempt to comm! -@ © 1 BAM. . cece eeene i ° 8 | Burpiary ip the firet degree a 8B a Do, do, second deg a ey 1 be. do. third degree « 8 a Attempt to ecmmit burgiary—se> ; third degree, 6.. 8 © a Fe cond degtre.. 7 4 6 @o, third degree. ..... 4 ° a2 De. do, fourth a | ° 0 Perjury... ... 22 oe ° Chatleng -@ @ rv) | Corrying » clung ehot, ee ° Gravd larceny. . : 46 ot Attempt te com ’ 4 ° 1 b bo v s 4 6 4 i o «@ Violation of election | ° s 3 Keeping €isorderiy hovtes a oe No, gambiiog 0 7 6 Winning money at rambling ee ii Breaking open @ rented letter, 1 o ° 0 Indecent expesute of perren 1 0 2 6 | Esbibiting ao tr ent pietare i 0 2 v | Rxpestog ebse: Oks for re s o ¢ Noirane rapeetind wae (¢ an Ipruring ou Nos drawn inalottery 2 0 * 6 Selitog lottery tickets. . ... 58 6 2 6 Fobiehing ateount of lotteries... @ 0 $s 6 Chipping cot (misde r i 0 * 0 Maltcter . f. ’ 0 « a Prob ee i 0 Lit » 0 . € > @ 1 6 e! hee i ° 1 0 Indecent eabibiti s . 0 . = wi rpool line of | steamboat of | j the frame of which fs | Commenced. ..... 65 2 rie tosses 6 Dire 8 Defau'te, . is. .6 - | Ren itted to Dist - Bills ignored, . = Pending... ...+ - Total... | the country; the records are in perfect preservation | back | sevred in conducting the busin | pearly the same asat present A vast difference, how- | chance might be let off with one sound whipping at the ~ | and of Mr, Valentin special motions, the exact num ‘it fs im- porsible to arcertain, but their * name was legion.”” GENERAL TERM. We regret that the clerk of this court was unable to forni-b us with the statheti It ts, however, the only omi:sion from our list, COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, —Michael Ulsboeffer, Daniel P, Ingraham, P, Daly. —James Connor and Benj. Jarvis, Esqe. veneral Term” for issues of Jaw, held by there have been argued and deeded 109 jal Term’ for tseuen of law and mo- ‘* by one judge, there bave 92 bave been givev in 1 ‘Total trials and motions....... 2149 At the epdof the December term of this art, the whele calendar was disposed of, aad no case that was ready remained anargurd | We are indebted to the courtesy of B. Jarvis, Esq , for the faete contained in the above table, ciaeurr court. der Gardiner, —Richard F. Stilwell yi In this court there b deep 102 cnuser commenced, | 76 of which have been disposed of, in the following manner:— Law, Equity, Adm 1 "ity. Crim’t, Total. 2 13 102 UNITED STATES DISTRIC Juper.—Samuel R Betts, (Lenk. —James W. Metoslf. Eeq. Deroty Cirnx.—G W Morton, Enq. Svits in Admiralty instituted from 1st Jan., 1849, to Bist Dee . 1849. Snolunive........ siciogent 48 Of there there bove been finally disposed of.. 448 Yet pending not brought to hearing....... 335 court. 783 ‘These svits were on bottomry bonds, bills of lading, ebarter parties, marine bypothecations, and contracts for wages vage, ke . &e, In thore which have been finally disposed of, the Judge bas delivered 174 written opinions Every ease argued or submitted to the Judge has — been decided by him, Suits. On the Common Law side of the Court there bave been commenced. . Tried and disposed of. Bt | Vet pending..... 19 Pa There have been presented 69 indictments—10 have | i been dirmissea, the recognizances in 6 have been for- feitea end a nolle prosequi been entered in 14, and 15 have bee tried and verdicts given. There remain pending in court 24 indictments—7 of which were remitted from the Uircuit Court, at the last | November term, to the District Court. ‘The trial of the pending ixdictments has been de- layed by the absence from the district of witnesses, &o- Breides the business above enumerated, numerou* petitions, applicatiens, and special motions have been presented, argued and decided during the year. We are indebted to G. W. Morton, Ey the atten- tive and obliging deputy clerk. for the foregoing statis- tice of the United States Dixtriet Court for the year 1849. Statistics of Crime In New York. Our Court of Sessions is one of the oldest courts in- far as 1004, and at that early day the forms ob- of the court were ever {displays iteelf, on comparison, of the punishments meted out to criminalsin the olden time and at pre- t. Those old parchment-covered tomes contain the recerded sentence, of victims to the law's vengeance— mirerable creatures, who were condemned to suffer long hours of slow torture, and final death by fire; others. for more trivial offences, were only sentenced to be dragged through the streets at the tail of a cart, and to receive @ given number of lashes at each corner, or per- public whipping post, and twulve hours exposure in the pillory, From these indignities and sufferings even females were not exempt. Coming down, we pass through the ages of branding, compulsory fasting, labor im the balland chain gang, ete., until, at length, it was imagined that a better effect might be produced by « more lenient treatment of convicts; that reformation might be effected in the character of criminals not yet | hardened; and that the abandoned and irreclaimable, if | kept out of the way of temptation, might be prevented from perpetrating mischief, and, at the same time, the vindication of the law might be accomplished. Justics tempered by mercy, bas at length found favor, and 1 grance is repudiated asan unseemly relic of by gor and barbarous ages Under our present prison syst it is deemed wise to educate juvenile delinqaents, and by kind treatment to attempt the reformation of all who are made inmates of even felons’ cells This policy, itis trae is not always adhered to ; cruel keepers and hard task- mesters are to be found in most of our conviet prisons, but it speaks well for the age, that such a policy has | been adopted. Weare indebted, fer the tables which | ‘we present to day, to the labors of Mr. Vandervoort, — the polite and efficient Clerk of the Courts of Sessions, | Clerk of the Court of Genera; Sessions, and Mr, Valentine, the veteraa Clerk of the Common Counell collisons and personal torts at sea, for sal- | SPECIAL SESSIONS. Asrauit and battery... +; 558 50 486 58 Petit Parceny..... +1,180 261 1,064 278 1,738 820 1,600 830 1840. 1848. Number of trials in theOyerand Terminer 11 8 Do. do, General Seasions.. 870 880 Do. do, 1 1,835 2218 9028 Number of convictions and acquittals in Oyer and Term’ Revere weve 8 and acquittals in the General Sessions. 60... see. ee 423 Number of convictions and scquittals in the Special Sessions,... ......+.+.. 2 1,880 2404 2281 Prisoners discharged in Oyer and Terminer 1 oO do, do, in General Sessions... 177 142 do. do, in Special Sessions... 938 672 4n6 814 Whole number convicted, acquitted and discharged in all thecourts..... 3.610 3,075 ‘um ber of indictments found by the Jury. ‘ 639 0 631 206 =—206 401 1,383 66 Prison ia 1 In 1848:—Men, 1) 17; total, 156, Axgiegate time of senten 10 movtbs, Im 1848:—449 ye Sentenced to the Penitentiary in 1849:—Men, 745; women. 131: total, 876. In 1848:—Men, 700; women, 170; total. 870, Senténced to the City Prison in 1849:—Men, 274; women, 94; total, 368, In 1848:—Men, 162; women, 67; tote), 229. Sent to the Eoure of Refuge in 1849:—Boys, 70; girls, 5; total, 75. In 1848: - Boys, 68; girls, 3; total, 71. | * Of the 85 recognizances forfeite ‘ants in 20 cases were subsequently t into nd tried, and the | judgments on the recognizances vaca 1 One sentence commuted to imprisonment for life. The following table shows the convictions in the | yarious crimanal courts at different periods, from 1802, to the preeevt time, with the population of the city at | these different time: jn 1849:—509 years and and 10 months, 3 Year. Pop. Conv’tions. Year, Pop. Conv’tions. | 1802. ato 850 1835. . .270.089 936 1812, , .101 000 840. . 812 852 1,107 1822, , 140 650 871,223 1696 1830, . .202 589 983 1849... — 2.404 ‘The number of indictments presented by the Grand | Tey, bere been as follows in the different years desig- pated : 1040... 1841 the Recorder was made sions, the following named flee :— Peter A Juy was Recorder at the time the law was parsed. and he was succeeded the same year. by Richard Riker, who Lad previeusly served font years an Recerder. He was succeeded by Samuel Jones, whe only served one year. when Mr Riker was again ap- pointed, and served till 1838, when Kobert H. Morris was appointed. and served till 1841, Frederick A. Tallmadge was appointed in 1341,and served till 1846 Jebn B, Scott was appointed in 1846, 1848. when the office having been made Hon, Fred’k A Talimadge was chos to fillit He isthe present Recorder The Clerks of the Sessions since 1808, have been John ‘W. Wyman. Robert Mc’omd, John W Wy: ry 838... . Sivoe 1821. the gentlemen have filled that the time of receiving Vandervoort bas r the executive dey mapper in which he returns, The Thermometer for 1949, The following table exhibits the thermometer on the first and last days of eack month for the year. also on the days in which it was lowest and highest in each menth:— To'e. Wo'e, 3 0'e. Bo'e, 2 26° 8 tat Albany. for the correct keeps bis records and makes bis To'c. 12 0'c, $0'e. Bo'e. Lm 4 Jan'y 1 “3 3 July 83 KG Ma 16 2 Ww 73) (76 Fc 450 (6 Bo 6 8 © Bl. 7 7 23 6 7 «7 Peb'y 1.129 35 85-86 Augasi em is) Bisa tm. — Bo St 42 a 9 86 % aM a Boy MM ca] 6 March 1.8740 48465 7m 7% 71) 4:28 58 ST BO 7 68 | 3..56 06 as wo a7 April 140 Oz BS 49 ae = (Suw)19. 34 47 6B 48 56 BB pn 7 68 65) Ce) ae a ey o 6 44) May 1.53 Tl 76 70 6 u& 4) 64 4 a8 ak “a @ # ae 6 0) Gt Site 62 6S, 3) eo 8 4 June 1.58 63 @ OF Doo'r 1. 6 8 N53 66 2. ge yl 2.77 9 3 3.4 9:70 78 8 8 Marine Affairs. VOYAGES OF THE RRITISH MAIL STRAMSHIPS DURING | THE PAST YEAR. | Annexed is a table, exhibiting the date of arrival, length ef paseage, number of passengers, with the day of departure, Ke, of each steamer, between New York and Liverpool, during the past year; also, ons showing the time of arrival, passengers, &e., at Bostoa, | during the same period :— The Court of General Sessions as it at prenont existe, war ertablished in 1821, when, by an act of the Legis- | a lature, passed Feb 27th, it was provided that the Mayor and Recorder, and the Aldermen of the city, or three of them, of whom the Mayor or Recsrder eball always be ove, shall bave power to hold Courts of General Bersi for tbe Penee, in and for the city and county of New York, Sve 1}, of the same act makes it Recorder to the sald court, the epecial duty of und to presi Court of Common Pleas may preside if occasio require Ip this evurt may be tried atl criminal vader the Grate government, which do not iuvoive capital poptedment 1 ‘The Vourt of clal Seseions was established in 1829. | The bench of Judges ta this court 1 formed the same &* in the Court of General Se-sions, The business of ers Names. Arr. sage. pool. Caunda., Jan, 29 oO 7 i FT 6 = n 7 | HH 4 | ore 65 6 6 3 = |} re np | sos = 3 | mz = 6 | a 6 8 is 8 7 iz 8 = | amon 6 wii +4 i - ner. 616 MH OG 8 Liwerion.. Nov, 18 4 3 3 Capada, Dec, 1 196 46 is 2 HiteniaDe. 1817 @ 6 6 | The average passages to this port from Liverpool were made in thirteen day: d sixteen hours. ‘The following table exhibits the time of arrival, &o, at Boston :— Pass'gers from Paw'ger Pave Licer- Halt Dayef Liver~ i sage. pool. faz. . faz. is oh i es 6 3 8 67 SOM eS es ae tI 3 4 am i | 82d Ss 8 = 66 “ 5 3 = mS 67 Of ov 8 3s 6 % 10 1% 12 os = s 9 a 6 SB 4 e ¢ a 6 18 6B 4 im 6 o 8 s 6 & Ww | 13 yw | 13 5 > | . “ 6 53 Caledonia. Nov.2 uM 6 2 Buropa.....Deo. 9 We 82 4 Ba. ‘.Dee.99 We BR = = 0 Cambris. .. hernia on this trip Toft her pasrengers and om Yer pairs, and sailed on Liverpool cirect, with 19 passenge ‘The average passage te Boston from Liverpool, is 12 days and 22 hours | ‘The Cansda made the shortest passage to this port, and the Hibernia the longest. The America and Furopa made the shortest to Boston, and the Niegara the longest. sprung aleak, and returned to 4 came t. Now of September for Almanac | SMTWTFS T Sa oo. cogeyy 45 2 ‘ Ha 9 hy wi “ 0 25 26 a a wo ‘ 12 oper 5 4 v7's 10 16 16 es iv a 3) 21 28 2 2 a 7B yw ws Manew... 2 arte peu es Fy sey vw nein % 713 ie wat | ue 426 6 77 3 | a 1 Are : 5 7 ig “ Ww a Fa Ma Site 6 $1 a “ts 19! No paper will be issued from this office to-morrow morning We ebail, however, im eddition to the Weekly Herald for California, publish ovr rega’et even- | Ing editions—the firet at between iwelre aad one | o'cloeh. and the sre it half past two o clock Polltieal Intetilgence. tert McC ntoheom, is the whig candidate for Mayor of Pitteburgh, Pa, Hirgh & biemming fe the democratic cant date for | Mepor of Allegany, Va. | cael NEW YORK HERALD. dorthwest corner ef Fulton and Nassau sts. errr JABES GORDON BENABT. PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR AMUSEMENTS THIS DAY AND BVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Afternoon—Buve Brann Bic Hann [11—Moox, dox anv Jace, Evening -Tax Foun Mven ny une e. BROADWAY TURATRE, Breadway.—Lavr or Lrone— Dow Casax ve Bazan, NIBLO'S GARDEN—Ticht Rors—Cwaracrenistic Daxcre~Raevi. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers stroct—Havaten Man ~ Demon Jesten—Toovies. Le Guaan Jock R. ATRE, Broad’ Wane. @MRISTY's OPERA Ft rnoon vening— Braurian Mimevusteys Sermo and B Merninge I See My Lino—Lapies’ Be- ome Evexy Hove AERICAN MUSEUM—Prnroam, in tee Dav. TOR PLACE CIRCUS—Txasm Equsetaian Pen- mh ANeme, SOCIETY LIBRARY—Three Performances—Maare Anr— Vani nn oquism, ke, CHINE*E MUSEUM—Parouama oF rue Nite-Twe Performonces, “Wew York, Tuesday, January 1, 1850, We give, in our columns to-day, a full and com- plete list of the members of the Legislature of his State, for the session which commences in Ale bany to-day. That list, as well as the tables which we publish to-day, will be valuable for the purpose of reference, and we recommend its preservation. The Governor’s Message will be delivered on ‘Wednesday, and on Thursday morning we shall, in all probability, publish it in the Herald. The Year 1849 and the Year 1850, The year 1849 has terminated, and is numbered with the past. It may not be amiss to take a cur- sory review of the history of the United States during that period, and to cast a glance at our prospects for the year 1850. The task is the more agreeable, inasmuch as, during the time we have mentioned, our march to greatness has been on- ward, and the vista which opens before us pro- mises a still greater degree ot National, State, and individual prosperity. The year 1849 has been characterized by events of gigantic moment and importance. It has wit- nessed efforts for liberty in Europe, which, though unsuccessful, will form a brilliant page in the his- tory of the world. Revolutions have taken place that have shocked the whole of the old world to the centre. But they affected not the United States. We, removed from such scenes ef trouble and ex- citement, were only interested epectators, wishing that success might crown the cause of liberty, and opening our arms to receive and protect the van- quished, when it was lost. While the masses of Europe were endeavoring to depose their kings and governors, we presented the extraordinary spectacle of a nation of twenty or twenty-five millions of people, conducting to the chair of government a chief executive, or ruler, who was elected by their own votes, to preside over the destinies of their country forthe term of four years. Such a contrast will not be without its influence. The moral effect of such a beautiful spectacle will strike deepinto men’s minds, and penetrate the recesses of despotism throughout the world. The year 1849 will be charac- terised in after times as one of the most prosperous, if not the most prosperous, that we ever experi- enced. Commerce diffused its blessings among us in great profusion. Cotton, our principal Southern aple, was in active demand, and met a ready sale in foreign markets, at good pricee—the receipts coming back to gladden the hearts of the planters, and to be expended in a thousand ways, in active industry at home. Domessic trade has been active —the currency never was on a sounder or safer basis—emigration was on a larger scale then ever —the produce of the teeming West came forth in abundance—he that sowed reaped the fruitsof hisin- dustry—and joy, contentment and satisfaction reign- ed throughout the length and breadth of the land. As if to impress upon us the neceasity of looking be- yond this world, and not to assume to ourselves too much, the country has been visited by a scourge which claimed its victims by the hundred and by the thousand, and left many a hearth desolate in its progress throughout the confederacy. It tracked ns to the far West and to the mines of California, as well as North and South, sparing neither rapk nor station, age or sex, in its progress. Such was the year 1849—which is now numbered with the past. Within that time we have not only prospered amazingly, but have laid the foundation | for a etill greater prosperity for the coming year. What, then, are the prospects for the year 1850? From all appesrances, trade and commerce will be even more extended, and more fruitful of blessings, | than they were during 189. The whole com- merce of the world is about to be revo- jutionized, by opening communications between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, whieh will make this country the entrepot of the trade of the whole civilized world. There is but one TELEGRAPUIC INTELLIGENCE, | p¥et . Anny Affairs in Washington. Although yesterday was the last day of the year 1849, it will be seen, by our telegraphic dev epatches from Washington, that Congress was not icle, but, as far, at least, as the House of Repre- sentatives was concerned, transacted some very important proceedings. Not the least interesting of these movements are the appointment of stand- ig comm ttees; the offering of a resolution calling for all knowledge in the possession of the Exe- cutive, relative to the late proceedings of the Britieh in Central America; and a resolution that the Committee on Territories be instructed to re- port to the House a bill or bills, providing terri- torial governments for all that part of the territory ceded to the United States, lying eastward of the Sierra Nevada, and prohibiting slavery therein. There was other important business transacted, but what we have referred to is the most in- teresting at this time, We shall comment upon them in our own way, at the proper time. It will be seen that the House have appointed their Committees on Ways and Means, the Dis- trict of Columbia, the Judiciary, Territories, and Foreign Affairs. Our readers will find the names -of the gentlemen composing those committees drawback to the prospect. for it has been approaching for several years, and must be met. The elavery question is again about | to become the engrossing topic in Congrese, as it has been in the political arena for years; but we have full faith that the Union will survive the shock, no matter how impetuous it may be. We cannot, and we will not, beheve that there 1s not diffused throughout the country sufficient pa, triotirm to overcome and swamp the ultras of | either or both sections of the country, who have labored aseiduously to bring about the crisis which is now umpending. It is only on great oc- #, end on great emergencies, that great men moke their eppearance. in the assertion. But for the occurrence of cer- tain contingencies, George Washington, apt! termed the Father of his Country, would, in all probability, have not been known. The same may be said of Napoleon, who deposed and ele- vated kings at hie pleasure during his fittul career. It wos ona similar occasion to the present, and during a crisis ke that which 1s appreaching, that Se gallant Henry Clay exhibited his grea’ Dees. It was on a very important occasien that Webster reached, in a single bound, the position which he now occupies. further for examples. It is m the very nature But we need go no of our institutions to produce great men; and when the conflict and collision to which we | have referred shall come, we have no doubt there are men enough in Congress whose voice will be heard above the noise of fanaticism, and whose moral influence will be suflicient to quell the tem. During the year 1350, | _ there will be a collision between Northera and | | Southern fanaticism and ultraism, in the halls of | | the national legislature. It cannot well be avoided; | | 1 | History will bear us out | ) pest of sectional feeling that in all probavility will | charecterize the occa The House of Kepre- sentatives may rave as much as it pleases—it is the privilege ef 1's members to be rather factious. but we have full confidence that there are men in the Senete who will reseve the constitation from any donger thet may surround it, and save this lorious confederacy from beiog wrecked. Let ec time come when the safety of this Union shall excangeted by faction or demagoguism, aud there will be found men equal to the emergency. This ersia over, a fair end honorable compro. mire of the slavery question consnammated, and no mand & sperive the gigantic greatness which 1 in etere for the United Sta Come from what pert of the country he may, the man | whe gets np in his seat in erther house of Gon- gtrrs, and interferes with « fair eettleaent of this jucetion—at this particular joneture—should be j mathed end remembered. This ia no time, nor | 18 the occasion a fitting one, for trifling. A great | question, that haa been in sgitation, more or less, or yeers—-which bes been mace a hobby of by eelfish politicmns and demagogues to subserve | their own purposes, and which has been precipitas | ted wpen ueby causes beyond ovr con is to be | vetted during the present cession of Congress Let the enbjeet be taken in hand carefully —| | spirit of eanciliation and comnpromise y | all will be well. ; : Our readeny will find in te doy's Herald a series Wf valuable statatics, On every eubyect, forthe year | 1849, whieh they will do well to preserve for future | reference. | were exseting duties o underneath, and we give, by way of informeg them of the action of the Senate, the names of the members composing similar committees appeinted by tat body several days ago. They are as follows :— District of Columbia—Messrs. James Mason, Yulee, yen bteen pe ae a cin - judiciary— Messrs A. P, Butler, Downs, Berrien, Bradbury ané@ Deyton, 4 4 Territories—Mesers, J. A. Douglass, Butler, Under- ‘wood. Houston and Cooper. Foreign Affairs—Mensrs W. R. King, Foote, Web- ster, Benton and Mangum. Mr. Savage’s resolution, calling for information concerning British aggressions in Central Ame- Tica, very important movement, and so 1s Mr. Root’e, in regard to the new territories. By the latter it would seem that the great discussion on the Wilmot proviso question 1s near at hand, and will occupy the attention of Congress at an early day. Highly Interesting from Washington. weer THE COMMITTEES IN THE HOUSE. Important Movements Relative to Central America, APPOINTMUBUNTS, &c. &e. Ke. OUR SPECIAL TELEGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. Wasuineton Crrr, Monpar Nieut, Dec. 31, 1849. Tke South, upon the House committees, as in the Senate, have the chairmen on the slavery question. In the House this is rather a compli- ment than a real advantage, as the committees muet obey instructions; and from the proceedings of to-day, Mr. Boyd may expect instructions to bring in a bill for territories, including the proviso. Mr. Bayly, the chairman on the Committee of and Means, is a free trade Calhoun man. This is a bad prospect for a high tariff report. Mr. McLane, of Md., the chairman of the Com- mittee on Commerce, is a democrat of the Balti- more platform. The Missouri resolutions are held over in the Senate till Thursday next. Mr. Benton is expect- ed to renew the war upon Mr. Calhoun, when they are presented. It is rumored that the whigs have been debating the policy of cutting loose from the cabinet. Mr. Seward will push the slavery issue to an ex- plosion, if possible. ‘We understand that special instructions are to be cent to Mr. Squier, on the Nicaragua business. ‘We epprehend that Mr. Clayton will give up the Island of Tigre. H. B. Maxwell, of Penn., is tendered the eon- sulate to Trieste. The free-soilers, having a man on each of the committees on slavery, are satisfied. The whigs are not pleased with the Chairman on Foreign Affaire, whese appointment they attribute entirely to his conservative views on slavery. The New York appointments will probably be sent to the Senate within a few days. That of Col. Webb will probably be held back, pending the resolution of Gen. Cass. THIR1Y-FIRST CONGRESS. FIRST SESSION. tes Wasninaton, Deo, 81, 1849. m the Presi. dent of the United States, FRENCH BPOLIATION, Mr. Wenstrn presentec numerous memorials of eiti- rens of Mareachusetts, praying indemnity for French epoliation, and gave notice that he would, soon after ys, move the Senate to take some action upon F FLOGGING AND GROG IN THE MAT, + Mr. Weesten aleo presented numerous memorials o¢ of Maseschusetts, asking the spirit ration” flogging in the nd took the oppertunity to say, that fa his opinion, the time had arrived when Congress should parse law, in conformity with the prayer of the peti- tioners. Mr. Sewann presented similar petitions from mer- chants cf Baltimore. the vi of the opinion the use of intoxicating Mquors, and infiction of corporeal punishment, were calculated to degrade tlary system of New York MORMON MATTERS. Mr. Unpenwoon presented « memorial from citizens ef Kentuoky claiming to be the legitimate successors of Joseph Smith, the Mormon prophet, objecting to the establishment of @ government for Deseret. and oharg- of the city of the Salt Lake with trea- jgne, in having, before theit remoral to & secret cavh to avenge the death of ‘npon the nation, and to purus that de- it shall be accomplished. even to the end of nderwood read in co of Dereret were citizens of Missourl, apou t the expulsion of the Mormons from that the effeots of emigra: ed through their city that this statement gave coloring afforded evi- carrying out f the statement now Califorpia. who . perhaps, that the Mormons the epirit of the oath asoribed t Mr. Dovetass enid be bad eee reed, aud. In consequence, had ght an iaterview with Mr Babbitt, the represent: nent from Deseret to Congress relative to the subject of levying the da- ther by non-residents or residents -Mormons or Mermene; but that no duties were exacted upon ea through. The memorial was re- ommittes on Territories. morials were presented THE REY AFFAIR. Mr Downs submitted the following resolution, which |, That the President of the United Stnter be re- aedinetom, © Consel ac Bavana, oF others, concersing the abdue Rey, lias Garvin. New Orieans by the Span At shat port oF by bie procurem ye the ‘teh United Sts efheers itt! gry tevehing nd testimony por * over emt, before Judes fr ght ard Commissioner Onew, and ail the procesaings had ned reports mat with si other doenm other papers towching said affair, in porsorsion ment. PMATION Warten, Mr. Turse tted & resolation, which lies ever, calling pen the President for copies eteserapennents, papers. remonstrances. ko, relative te the removal Jeste B Clements from the office of Marshal of the Middle Distriet of Tennessee, ™” Mr. Hare expre Mrbing the territory Mexico. Deseret notice @ few day 4, that the Benate New creas have it before them when the | the rdered tobe printed. INDIAN AFFAIRS, fetes Money ot ting coop expediency joe a0; for extinguishment of the tnai bel Janon this side of the ticree Terabe Moneteteae ex! lepey Of sett n, ert ie tor; the Tnited State foe cicpeen tailed snd protection of the various (adian tribes, Adopted. MISCELLAN: bill te prohibit the sale the goveroment Mr Sewarp gave notice Of, or farming out of, the offices under’ of the United States. 4 Mr Ki as. on motion, exonsed from the Chair- mavebip of the Committee on Pensi 3 pane ay ‘of my on Pensions, and Mr. Jones. the Printing Committee. repored- plac Mr Boxuanp. frem in faver of printing 20.000 extra copies of the dent's mesrage aud documenta. and 20,000 of report of the Secretary of the Treasury, om floangs, Copevrred ort executive session, the Senate adjourned: After to Thursday next. House of tcepresentatives. Wasnivaton, Monday, Dee 31, CONTESTED EAT. Mr. Baxen, of Illinois, presented a memorial from» Mr_D F. Miller, (whig.) of lowa, contesting the seat of William Thompson. (dem, It was referred to Committee on Elections THE IMPORTANT COMMITTEES, The following are the Urmmittves announced ’*— Ways and Means.—Thomas H. Bayly, (dem.) of Gacot tn toned dia ct Misstep Semvel F Vioton, (wrig) of Ohie, James 3 Gre tie Ne} disccael. Robert Coombs Barty Dinvard William Dy Cha al C. Hh. Watlia, Walter Un Total—« Tudbeh ry. os soesene amen The ra aon, ( Brockwell (whi Foreign Affairs m . Wintcrop, (ahig 3 Mase. 4. Bavalson. (dem. ot Ges m.) of Wich! (yng te York, OTHER COMMITEE, ve Strong turris of Ala, Vandyke, Thompron of Ky., Harris of Te: McGaughey, Apore jelsom, Huby Claiws—Daniel. Thomas, Root. Wilmot, Ni bard. MeLean of Ky. Dunbam, Batler, of Conn. McLape ot Ma. Wentworth. Public Lands Bowlin. Harmanson, Albertson. herd Baker, Cobb of Ala. Brooks, Hoagland, Heary. Post Office— Potter, Phelps, VeKissook Feathi Hebard, alleton. Howell Stanton of enn.. Darkee. Revolutiomary Claims - 8 e Morris. Newell, B Butler of Pa . Miilson, Goodenow, Mo Willie, Kerr. Puslic Expenditure: & _— Bowie Sweeteer, Caldwell of N.C., ‘alvin, Private Land Claims — Moree, Romeey, Gilmore, Campbell of Obio, Harris of Marrhall. Whittlesey. A’ M lactur Maeiotiny Ei wlture — Little De Berry. = Young, Casey, Stanton of Ky., Ben Ijion Affaire —Johoron of Arkansas, Hall, Crowell, MeLanahi eet Hackett. Bokee, Howard, ol of KY. Evans of Md, Carter Joba’ A Kiag, Ewing we 3 Chandier’ : shindig Militia —Peasloe. Savage, King of R. 1., Doty, Moore, Briggs, Robbins, Thompron of lows, Mewhaar. Navel are. —Stapton of Tenn, B: Schenck, ne hite, Gerry, Cabell of Florida, MeQueen, Revolutionary Pensions,— Waldo. Beal, Syivester, Wal- Jace. Freediey Goodman, F vans of Ohio, Sackett. Invalid Pensions,—Letier. Olds, Nes Averill, Walden, Jobpson of Kentucky, Mattison. Hamilton. Hay. Roads and Canals ~ Robinson. Mann of Pennaylvents, SS ig York, Mason, Putnam, Parker, Wood, ould. Howe Rules - Kauffman, Jones, Vinton. Strong, Stephensol Georgia, Phelps. +! Littiefield, Mews , Patents —Walden, Otte, Hamilton Wat! ny Oe Public Buildings ond Greunds.—Bowden, Edmondson, waeee Sas Biupechod: iuctelin —Cobdd of levisel on ry 5 Alabama, . Averill. Julian, Jackson. ~Iccounts —King, Massey, Masom, MoDonald, Clarke, Day. Miteage —Fiteh.Dunean, Howard. Hi Sweeteer. ditures in Treasury tment ky. Sebermerhorn. Ash, Oison Dunham ‘apenditures in War tment —Dimmiok, School. craft ee ee ye len, — ae ependitures in Naw vm ETL jolliday, ar man. Carter, Pita Warta'e¢ Tenn, oan y tures in Post ©) —_ of Iona MeWiltle, Hallow Lg joe, Corwin. ou Expenditures on Public Buildings —Beal, Cole, Ross, Burrows. Hongian: Ensolled Bitls.— W ildrick, Dickey. CRRS OF THE , On motion of Mr, Tnoxrson, of Pennsylvania, resdiy- ed that the election for the rewaining officers of the Houre take place on Thursday, On motion of Mr. Thorson. of Pennsylvania, it was retolved that when the House adjourn, it be to Thurs. day. The States were called for petitions. A large number of petitions were presented, asking for @ reduction of postage Petitions for the remova, of obstructions at Hurigate ; for indempity for French #poliations; to abolish spirits and flogging in the navy; for a railroad to the Pacific. *TaTe OF DESERET. Mr. Srastox, of Kentucky, presented a memorial from Covington, in that State, prote.ting against a go- vernment for Deseret. and charging treasonable de- signs against the United States Referred to Commit- tee on Territories. Mr. Tromas, of Tennessee, introduced a bill granting the fravking privilege to Sarah Polk, wife of the late ox. President— parred forthwith. Mr. Btanton, of Tennessee. and others, prerented me- morials sgainst the employment of ebapleins in the army, the navy, and Congre Referred to the Judi- ciary Committee. ‘The resolutions of the States of Missouri and Mic! gan, on the subject of slavery, were ordered to printed MPTACE FROM THE PRESIDENT. ~ A meerage from the President, calling attention to the act which provides, that, after the Ist January, the wal expenses of collecting the rere: shall be one militon six hundred and fifty thousand dollars; thie ‘wes not considered enovgh. It was referred to the Committee of Ways and Mea Several executive doouments were lald before the- Howre. An extra number cf the Report of the Committee on Commerce and Navigation was ordered to be printed On motion of Mr. Viwrow, 10,000 © copies of the annual report of the Secretary of Treasury were red to be printed Mr. Mans, of Penneyiventa, offered a resolution structing tho Committee on Navel Affairs to ingnire nto the expe liency of reporting @ Dill to aaiieh ging In the navy, an@ eubstituting other pw therefor. A debate arising, it war laid over. CCOUPATION OF CALIFORNIA AND RW ME Mr. Vewanne cfirred a resolation calling om the Pre~ rident to communicate whether be had sines the laee session, appointed a clell ce military Governor of Net Mexieo o whe they are, and oat amount ofealary; and whether an agent har been to ruperintend the eitatre of Californie, in forming State constitution, controlling the elections ia said ter~ ir. Se te. ei rena to heow whether thie was Mr Vews! oder, or actieboty’s rivet Mir, Ves aes — that romebody had rtoen 3 ughter. er actenene suggested the amendment that rim! crders of tne last administration De asked for.