The New York Herald Newspaper, January 19, 1849, Page 1

NO. 5342. ADDITIONAL INTELLIGENCE oF THE MOVEMENTS OF THE MIGRATING PARTIES TO CALIFORNIA. The brig John Endus sailed yesterday for San Francieco, with forty passengers, all young men, end all shareholders. She is provisioned tor twelve months. Annexed 18a list of her passen- er8 :— . ‘ingsbury, captain; Capt W. E. Flavell, mate; C R. Hotaling, JobnS Rice, Hiram, Arents, Wm. Tyack, E. Kingsbury, trustees; E. M. Young, W. Arents, C. Terhune, Benjamin Bates, H. Silverhorn, W. M. Phyfo, W. D. Phyfe, Geo. C. Grants, W. F. Skiff, R. A. Drake, D. W. Klienbaus, John Ebbet’s, James Rogers, R. Cochrane, James Reid, E. ves, Samuel Vallean, P. , 8. Som: Paul Stryker, R. T. Ed- . W. Chedis, Levi Markley, jr., H. C. , Joseph Clinton, H. E. Hall, EB. Kingsbury, D . RK, Williamson, J C. Pooler, John H. Tuttie, M. Whi Mareus Cox, H. Bleeker, W. Sull.van—forty stockholders, at $300 each. ANOTHER LEITER PROM CALIFORNIA. A.G. Henderson or New Diggings. has furnished the Geens Gazeite with following letter from Mr. B. P. Koorer, now of Calfernia, but formerly #journey- men printer in that offi Morterey, Urren Catsronnta} ‘August 27, 1848, Mn. Hexpenson—My object in writing to youis to inform you that I am in the U. 8. service, and of the prospects and advantages to be gained in emigrating bu Cont rom The goid mines that have been discov- ered on the Sierra Nevada are the most extensive and yaluatle i the world, and it is useless for me to attempt @ description of the quantity and quality of the gold airesdy obtained, as you would not believe it. See the mewspapers of the day, and, depead uponit, they can- DOL vverrate the m! resources of Califorate. Our compavy has been reduced down to 20 from 172, by de- tertion ‘These men have made their fortunes, but have violated their oath d dishonored their flag, by de- terting in time of w: ‘We bave just heard the news of peace, and Iam on the fence as to whether I will desert or not, as I can easily make $150 per dey at the mines, Lead has been discovered which yields 90 per cent. Mr Bates, of Galena, Illinois, bas opened one of the ‘Velen, and thinks it of sufficient richness to keep four fur naces in oper Quioksiiver is found in abun- dance, and eo is platina and copper. ‘One of our men, on a three months’ farlough, back to Montere; virgin gold. Thi. at C: wouid be wor:h $3,240, or at the Boston prices, per cunce.) $6480. What do you think of that? | wd —I1 bate to soldier for six dollars a month--I hocking bad,and the “root of ail evil”? is ia my ight aud day. At the mines, flour is worth $16 per 10U1%8., coffer, $2 50 per ib , and everything else in prop rtion. Abinxe will bechesper next summer. Do as you please, but | advise you to bundle up your traps and cone to California, It is good elimate, and an a@griculural country, which would warrant you to come, 3: tly of its mineral wealth. Bring your wife along, for ® good wife is the scarcest artiole in California, Yours,ins badfix, B. P, KOOZER. Passencens ny tue Evcenta, via Vera Cavz :— David U. Mulford jr, Geo 8 Wright, J. T. Wright, ‘Wa. F. Nye, Harmon Cronk, Wm. § Carpenter, Cieu- divs L. Hoag, Jas. H. Pratt, Henry F. Smith, B. W. Manvfield, Jacob Barbydt. Chas. A. Clark, Jas. MoGay, Robt. Evans, Gilbert Griswold, Geo, Barstow, Dan. Burdick, J. W. Wadleigh, R. O. Tripp, Wm. 8. Streek, H. Pitcher. Osmer rarmele, Andrew H. Hitehcook, dL, Gardiner, James Van Beuren, Butler Coles, Nath, C. Culver, Joseph L. Garreteon, Wm C. 8 Smith, B. F. Voorhees, Arthur W. Gee, Jas. P. Howard, Henry D. Harrison, ore Russell, Chas. P. Wol- ott, John Garnossett, Henry W, Alden, Israel Miller, ‘Thomas L; Pickering, Ralph J Forbes, Name Lafoy, Franklin Lawton, Edwd. G. Field, Horatio V. Carr, Wm. S Jobnson, J M. Hempstead, Joseph Gibson, Asber C. Bidwell, W. Hawley, Samuel Barker, John Rodgers, Dan. C. Stone, Santiago Magee ES , A. fe wiv por, Geo. H. Bowly. C. M. Simmons, He Jackman, . J. Harris, Geo. W, Gibbs, Ben), § Bariow, Chas. E Gibbs, Cornelins V. 8. Gibbs, J. Ward Henry, Wm. E. Martin, Raymond Winant John Atwovd, Geo. Rogers, Conrad Nessle, All ‘Aechimenn, Henry A. Perret, Robt. B. Fordham, Aitred Lawton, Wim, H. Fairchild, Frederic Copeland, peland, Jonathan Cobb, Isaac C. Wilbur, George W. Hopkins, Elijah T. Benton, L. L Biske, ( cear Gignouz, J, Musson, £, F. Northam, Henry B Wh John DB. Mandeville, Abraham Miller, Hiram Clock, George 8. Broughton, J. Frances Hutton, Lloyd Minturn, Robrt. F, , S.A. Moe reaith, Charies 8. Cooper, Edward B. Carrell, Joreph Henriques, William H. Gladwin, H. M. ‘Whi more, Asaph Strong, Seth A. Cheney, Mandeville, Charles A. Chase, Horace Porter, Charles ¥, Dunham, J. H. Wing, F. A. Boughton, Henry Gid- dings, A. C. Cable, George J. Kipp, Ni Peck, jr., Arnold Turner, Thomas Jefferson Agi ‘lism H. Joreph Johnson, Wm J. Vai 8 P. Fry Crai MAR, Via Vena§Cnrvr. 29 —John H. Bolton, John Nightingale, Cornall Bradley, Richard Baldwin, John Alexander, James Lew, Robert B. More- head, Isaiah Lees, George Howell, Joseph Nightingale, Peter J: Hopper, Thomas B. Godden, Daniel L.Con- verse, Charles G. Updike, Charles M. Norcross, Joseph Crookes, Joseph W. Branch, Jobn Wilson, Wi. Price, john B Phelps, Wm H. Graves, De Witt Hamliton, Louis Marra, Daniel E. Hungerford, Stephen T. Miller, G. B. Hoober, John B. Perazzo, Alejandro M Ro- bert Law, Seth C. Grosvener, Bumner 8. Haynes. The company to which the fine steamboat Pa- nama belongs, have caused accommodations to be made on board that vessel for a number of passen- gers bound to California. She leaves on the 15th of February, touching at Rio Jcneiro and Pana- ma. The price of passage is varied according to the conveniences offered in the different apart- ments of the ship. mn The Crescent City 18 expected to arrive on Mon- day or Tuesday next, and will return to Chagres on the 5:h of February. Those having tickets for the mail steamers on the Pacific, will be guaran- tied their rights, whether they go by thie steamer, the Fulcop, or a sailing vessel. The grand object istobe at Panama in season. Tickets will be acknowledged there, irrespective of the convey- ance hence to Chagres. Ga-Tbe folowing are the names of a comreny of men, 7 t from Previdence in the Hopewell, for take with them the frame of a house, yer. all sorts of farming ustensils, and thing which will be ssary for & successful ex- Menry Carriron, Nathaniel B. Horton, Da- on, Geo. W. Thompson, Lewis P. Field, Vaughan, Thompson C. Pierce, B. D. J. Silver, Providence; Thomas ‘ fason, Warren 8. Perc J.B. Pierce, Kingston; Thomas C. Peckham, Si Mone. Seokor k; George H. Smith, R. T. Reynolds, T. G Ro’ bins, Caleb Burbank, James B. Carder, D. V. Roer, W. D. Butts, Joseph H. Wiliams, Stonington.” & Messrs. Thomas H. Tingle, Wm. J. Powell, Zadoek Parnell. and Kendall B. Taylor, all of the highest re- etability, left the town of Berlin, Worcester county, Ma, on the 10th inst , for the purpose of joining & oompany of one hundred, which has been formed in N.w York, for the purpoze of emigrating to California. ‘The cassociation is based upon each member having paid $360 into o general fund, with which they have purehared and provisioned a vessel of good size. A number of the capitalists of Utica have formed = company, with $30,000 capital, for the purpose of send- ing irty enterprising young men from that eity to the “gold region.” The requisite number having been selected, they expect to proceed about the Ist of Febra- Mr. Benjamin Cahoon is to be at the head of the 3207 sions for a PADELPHIA, Jan. 18, 1849. Ho! for Californrta— The New York City Guards— The New Yorkand Erte Ruttroad Company. The Grey Hayle, for Monterey and San Francisco, sailed this morning, with 35 passengers, an freighted with a cargo valued at $120,000. The following are her passengers: B. Thomas, M at Ke . Be mes Wright Fi ric Bradley, Smiley, Samuel J, Torbert. Dr. ij Thomee M Carman. Edward Mallory, Charles A Gil. hoghem, Charles Justice, Frank M. Caldwell, George B. Bosnell. John C. Dobleman, Theodore Dubosque, Theodore Doborque, Jr.. Thomas R. Korn. Dr. Parsons, GM. MeHtenry, J H. Hartman, James Neall, Jr., Win. T. K- rsbaw, D, Fyre, Henry A. Duborque. T. H. Thompson, W. N. ‘Thompeon, G. Livingston, E. Hal: mead. The Messrs. Dubosque are well known jewelers ef this city, aud it is understood that they carry out “ng -tindg A for melting and coining gold. The New York City Guards arrived from Balti- more about 3 o’clock this morning, and have been quartered at the Washington House. ‘They are the guests of the National Greys, Capt. Peter Fritz, tnder whose escort they have been viewing the fiens of Philadelphia to-day. At noon they were introduced into Independence Hall, and heartily welcemed to the city by Mayor Swift. Captain McArdle respended in an td reply. The e@ompany visit Fairmount t ternoon, where the Watering Committee of the Common Councils will do the honors. They leave for home to- morrow. A colored woman was admitted inte the Hoepital thie morning, dreadfally burned, from her clothes taking fire whilst she was drunk. She cannot wThe State Senate hae passed the bill repealing e i the aet of the last session, inecrporating the Ene and Ohio Railroad Company, THIRTIETH OONGRESS. SECOND SESSION. In Senate. ‘Wasuinoron, January 17, 1849. After the morning business of petitions, reports, &c., Mr Nrvzs called up the bill and amendments from the Post Office Committee, further providing for the | people the benefits of Mr. Nives explained the amended ; and as nearly aswe from the printed copy and the N the bill, as be proposes 1 That letters of halt only pay 3 cents postage; paid, 6 Ounce letters, 6 cents pre paid, 10 cents not pre-paid ; two ounce letters , 12 cents pre-paid, 20 cents not pre- peid. Fractions of ounces to be chi d ounces. 2, Penny postage of sities to be cent, andone eent for advervising. 3. Newspapers under 2 ounces to pay one eent post- age—fractions of ounces te be charged as ounces. Papers only to pay one-half cent for circulation within fitty miles from office of publication. Periodicals, magezines, pamphiets, and books, ene cent post per ounor, papers not sent from office of publi- cation, but such as are occasionally sent from one in- dividual to smother, to be charged one-half letter portage. to be pre- pai 4. Newspapers to have the right retained of ex- changes with each other. Foreign letters of not morethan half an ounce weight, from apy foreign country to the United States, er to such countries, or to or from the U. 8. territories on the Pacific, via the mail steamers, shall pay fifteen cents tea postage. Fractions of half ounces to be coun. ted Falt ounces. Newspapers by sea two cents the ounee. The President of the United States to have the option of ohangiog there foreign postages, if it may be deemed expedient, to meet any changes by any foreign country. ‘The inland postage upon sea letters to be three cents, prepaid per half ounce, two cents in Great Britain, postage upon letters between persons pd the United Stat 21 cents tor ers, which includes the adapted to the late pestal treaty with Great Britain. Bill appropriates $750,000 to meet defloiences of de- pertwent for the fiscal year. Mr. Davrew eaid it was no doubt important to act Upon this bili promptly; but it was more important to act upon it. understandingly. He moved, therefore, that the bill be laid upon the table till the projet as propored to be ainended be printed. Mr. Nivxs appealed for apeedy action, if we would have the bill to pass at all, and at his instance the mo- tion to Jay on the table was withdrawn He then pro- oceded to re-expiain the provisions of the bill, as pro- pored, in reference to por by the mail steamers, and eaid that the amendments were printed. Mr. Westcott gave notice of an amendment he should propose, fixin; @ rates on pers at one- halt cent witbin the Congressional districts in which they are printed. Mr Nixes appealed for action upon the bill. Mr Prance suggested that the amendment respect- ing foreign letter postage could be agreed to, and he heped they would be pavsed as through Committee of the Whole. Mr. Daytox—I have no cbjection. Mr Nives had another small amendment, proposing two cents upon mewap: hey weigh over two ounces, which, as understood. was agreed to. Mr. Dickinson said he should pro; ment, providing that newepapers of one ource and a helf, or less, be chargeable only with » quarter of » cent postage within fifty miles of the pl of pul leation, He wished them, to this extent, to go free ; but if he could not get that concession, he would try to reduce the postage as low as possible. Mr. Nives proposed an amendment for the regu. lation of the Franking privilege, giving it to the Ex- ecutive Departments upon public documents, and to Congress, the postage upon such documents to be paid out of the Treasury ; privilege allowed to members upon letters with some restrictions; but not allowed upon printed matter, except public documents. This would cut off the privilege of franking speeches, Mr. Unveawoop moved to extend the privilege, upon matters relating to their official duties, to the Judges of the Supreme Court. Mr. Jerrerson Davi ke in favor of the abolition as better than any proposed of the franking privil modification of the ‘Mr. Auuen pleaded warmly for the franking privi- lege, as a privilege of the people, and not of the mem- bers of Congress. Many members would doubtless like to get rid of it, for they thus get rid of the labor of frapking speeches, many of which are valuable as means of information to the le. Mr. Unoexwoop explained his amendment, and its ied tor the benefit of the Judges of the Supreme ‘ourt. JUDGE MLEAN EXCORIATED. Mr. Foors, afcer some general remarks on the frank- ing privilege, and 201 of Old Zack Teglo privilege, as proposed, to se, as he argued, there was Court who was entitled to 2, [Mr. Foote did not mention tl ot the objectionable Judge; but from the ifloations Preferred, it is evident he was pronou! guilt and the sentence of Judge McLean.) This judge had sullied his ermine by mixing himself up with the poli- ticians of the country. He faa undertaken to dictate to the legislation of this country, while the country was engaged in a foreign war. He had boldly taken 8 des with the enemies of @&e country while the war was raging [This specit doubtless refers to the letter of Judge McLean, watten and published during the war with Mexico, in which he pronounced the war unconstitutional.) But, again. while we were looki! to this judicial tribunal as the arbitrator upon the agi- tating ‘question of slavery im the territories; while were looking upon this tribunal as the medium for a compromise, what does this letter-writing judge do? At such a crisis, he had dared to advance his opinions = ndge the ease in advance—to promulge to the world that his mind was made up—that his judg- ment was fixed upon this question, which he had no doubt would submitted te the court. [This specification, no doubt, refers to a later letter of Judge M’Lean, in which he intimates his opinion se to the admission of slavery into the new Mr. Foote desired to know whether such 4 was entitled to the privilege of franking his letters all over the land, for the unhallowed purposes of aggravating rather than conciliating the excitement ofthe public mind. He had been deliberately guilty it which may require nce to prevent from 13 es of devastation and blood, Never should he be forgiven till he has yated—never, till he hae gone down on his knees in the sanctuary, ant in the presence of men and women, prayed to God to pardon hie derelictions, Mr. Unperwoop explained, that his amendmet did not propose to give to the judges the privilege of frank- ing their own letters, but only the privilege of a frank upon official papers transmitted to them or from them. ‘Mr. x replied, that until the judge in question vidences of re should big hd this judge, as having for- le to the respectful consideration due to his porition on the bench. He would cease to regard him with this consideration, until he should have gone down on his knees, and in the presence of God asked pardon in hisrepent ¢ of his mischievous interfer- ence in the politics of theday. A judge thusconvicted before the world, with no nce offered for himin any quarter, notwithstanding the directness of the charges egeinst him, would stand under a judgment more awfal tvan 8 decision of twelve jurymen upon « regular trial; for distinguished as were the cal friends of the judge on this floor, for their high rense of honor and their scholastic attainments, there were none, as it appeared, who could venture to rise in his vindication. ts ich substantially wasthe diatribe of Mr. Foote ho has dared on several occasions oke in and in opposition to the amendment for Court. was in favor of the abolition of frank- ther. as one means of securing cheap post- ages to the public, Mr. Unvenwoon withdrew his amendment relating to the judges, and with the view of testing thi of the Senate, moved an amendment, previding for the abohtion of the Franking privilege, jewspaper editors and writers weuld thus relieved of their charges of the frequent abuses of this privilege—charges which had even sometimes been made in pubiic documents, uch charges d been al ze willing to bear <8 of the biame; but he had always scorned to em. Mr Foore ind editors, re ¢ quite excited as per allegatio’ consideration for Mr ran, with ail his pecullaritier, we think it best to give bie wrath sgainet the le riters the go by, and yould admonieh him to remember the wrath of e “ Achilles, wrath to Greeeo, the direfal spring ‘Of woes nnnombered, Leavenly Goadess sing,” The question of the franking privilege was further discussed by Mersrs John Davis and Westcott, when On motion of Mr. Nixes, the bill was laid aside, in that, as thus far smenced, it might be printed, leo thi dments pending. te adjourned, House of Representatives. Wa Jai FEW MEXICO, CALIFORN:, itories Califor: New Mexico as revolting to the epirit of the deriting governmente for these rertitosion, with exclusion of Involuntary servi! cept for crit sieo. againrt the extension of the laws of Texas over law to ect slaves hs d the abolition of slavery a. On motion of Mr. Coxiins, the resolutions were send, and laid upon thetable, , a SWAMP LANDS. ne moved that tke bill to ald the State of he swamp lands, be made the spe- cial order of the day for to-morrow week, and that it be #0 continued until disposed of. Mr Roor—I object to it be until the territorial bills are district. At the port of San Francisco there shall be a collector of customs; and the President of the United States is authorized to establish such ports of delivery, Dot exceeding three in number, as he may deem expe- dient, and te appoint, by and with the advice and con- tent of the Senate, cfficers to reside thereat. “ There was objection, and leave was not, therefore, ven. LIQUIDATION OF MEXICAN CL4IMS—BOUNDARY LINE. The Sreaxex ealled committees for reports; first, that on foreign affal Mr. Hit.ianp inquired whether he could now make a report from s eeleet committees ? The Srraxen replied that select committees would scon be called. Mr Smitn, of Connecticut—Has the Committee on Foreign Affairs been called? The Srxaxen—Just this moment. Mr. SurtH—1 want to make some reports. I am directed to report the bill to carry into effect an article of the treaty between the United States and the Mex: can republic, to run the boundary line, with an amendment. ' It does not contain an appropriation, and therefore'is not necessary to be referred to the Committee of the whole on the State of the Union. (It lies on the Speaker’ ws Mr. J. R. Iwan —I| desire to ask whether there is in the bill any nee to claims. Mr. Suitu—Not 1. I wish also to report, withan amendment, the S bill to carry into effect eertain treaty stipulati under the treaty between the United States the Mexiean republic, with regard to claims. I move tbat it be red to the Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union, and that it be printed and made the order of the day for to-morrow. (The bill provides for # board of commissioners to pass upon claims.) Mr. J. R. Incersort—I would desire to have printed with this bill, an amendment, which | will offeras a substitute for it, 1 desire it to be printed, that mem- im object of my amend- at all those cases which were adjudicated mer convention, by the American Com- }, and not finally acted en by the umpire, for , should have a hearing. Mr Tuonpson, of Missi i—I would ask whether the bill contains an appropriation, and makes it ne- cearary to refer the bill to the Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union? Mr. SmitH—It does not contain am appropriation. Mr. Tuomrson—If the bill should be committed, it will ecarcely be reached 1 hope that the Chairman will propose some specific day for its consideration. Mr. Smitn—I bope that the amendment to the bill, oflered by the gentleman from Pennsylvania, will be ninted. ie Mr. Tuomrson- motion that th be for Monda; ‘he Srxaxex—Only by unanimous consent. é ieee —Then | ask the gentieman to sonsent 0 this. Mr, Roor—I chject. A SHORT LECTURE. A motion was made to reconsider the vote by which the bill fer the relief of Capt. B, O. Paine, or Kane (who was wounded in the Mexican war), was referred to the Committee of the Whole, the object being to put the bill on ite 2. said that the House could not reach it in order now for me to make a he made the special order of the ext? Mr. Scnenck the cases ef those who were wounded in the war with Great Britain, and ay. should this e be tal up? Mr. Pertit—What kind of grade is “ ordnance offi. cer, or an agent?” | want to know what grade that is? ‘Will the Chairman of the Military Committee, or any other gentleman, answer the question? Why should he re nsion of forty dollarsa month? (After a lo one, then, can ai ir, WentwortH—Since | ha m in Congress I have noticed one thing—if an individual comes here on private bill Ky Ot jections are made to his bill, even if honestly before the House. Gentlemen move early adjournments, and carry the motion. If they cannot do this, they throw every obstacle in the way, or vote down the bill. There is no possible means by which the bili the private calendar can be reached. I am willing to stay here until these cases are reached in the regular order of burl I will sit here night dy and Saturday posed to the system jslation. When, by the shuffling and business can’t be attended to, ‘a row. We would save millions of ould bring up the poor pensioners, and tee what we can do for them on Fridays. Mr. Scuencx—Before my friend sits down, I would aek him to move to lay the motion to reconsider on the table. Mr. Werrwortn—I will not make thet motion. I want all private claimants to get their dues, and the wounded soldier to get his pension. If they do not, I want them to know the reason. I want the pensioners who throng the capital to know whoee fault it is. I desire jaken up on Fridays and Se- but I will not move to lay on the table; I am @ friend of the soldiers. can receive his pension under the existing law. The House will be oe for the lecture of the gentlem: from Llinois, they will profit by it. I to lay the motion on i is ail ‘This was determi: noes, 54, MiLnaGE, ‘The Houre resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union, (Mr. Smith, of In- diana, in the ohair,) and resumed the consideration of the bill, making appropriations for the civil and diplo- matio expenses of the government for the year endi: June 20, 850, ii ile ~ The dment pending was that of Mr, Embree— that mileage shall be eharged acoording to the nearest mail route, which Mr. Morse bad moved to amend, by adding that the compensation shall be increased a¢ the rate of one dollar for every hundred miles tr: 4, ‘This latter amendment was this morning rejected, but one or two votes being in its favor. Mr. Brown, of Mississippi, moved to amend—that hereafter members shall receive no more than their travelling expenses, and eight dollars » day for the time occupied in coming to and going from the seat of gov- ernment, provided that mot more than twenty-one days be consumed either way, except in eases of sickness. He said that he was not inelined to pay by the nearest Toute, because this was impracticable, for nine-tenths of the shortest x were travelled on horses and mules. Even the gentleman from New York (Mr. Greeley) would no! to be placed in such ® pre- dicement. [Ha! ba! ha! Mr. Grextey— Would the members from Texas only bave twenty-one days for travelling? Mr. Baowe— Yea” Mr. Scurncx offered an amendmen —that the mile- age thall be ten cents e mile, the distance to be oom- puted by the usual route, and, in liew of the per diem and other compensation, members shall receive $25,000 per annum. He believed that this would shorten the teesion, He was oppored to paying members who were detained on the way, for there might be a good deal of t ong them in the summer going home, Like Napoleen’ ‘my, On their retreat from Moscow, there would be many disabled on the road. This smendment wae rejected—ayes 48, noes 70. Mr. Laus propoted that every member, instead of the present mlleage, shall Tecelve $10 & day for the 1e ia relling. le ought at is would be fair. i The smendment was rejected. di $7, and 40 on, down to $1. lucted $8 a day, ‘This was rejected. Mr. Vexanix moved to amend—that members should not be paid per diem when absent on business or plea- sure. He paid that, during the Jast session, several gentlemen were off electionecring, and such a grievance thould be corrected. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. Bri f Miteiesippi, offered another—that milesge, hereafter, hall be cemputed by a direct line from the reridence of membere, and shall be determined by the beoks of the Post Office Department. It was rejected. Mr. Scuxscx cffered an amendment—that the mile- age shall be ten cent man—The chair is of opinion that the amendment is in créer. Mr Scuexcx—I understand that there { tial difference between Vcr 000 and $2,0 that the gentleman frcm Ind:ana will perceive this. Mr. Vinton moved to amend, by saying that the mileege rhall be paid according to the longest route. He raid that be bad not risen to prolong the debate, but ratber, if he could, to bring ittoaclose. The Houee wen: ito comm! nd he believed that they had been on it five days, aud they ha esed the first item in the bill, One I think u Gebute should be stoppe to vote, He svggenedt nta be voted on without Th 7 ted by a law parted thirty years the appropriation bill was not the preger pi duetion. He ventured to predict, if ¢ item goes into the bill, the result will 4, brovght to this position, It will be sent i¢; they may dissgree, and, within the last twenty or forty bourse of the clore of the session, the Bouse wiil be either tc or let the bill fall ‘T bie ie just whe w » Kive days bed alrrady been rpe thing. “tele Mr ape (ffered pity-tbree m! be forty miles; hed to the register, and disecrered that he lived a hundred The amendment was then rejected. Ayes 42, noes 76. | and fifty-three miles from Washington. H that the gentleman from New York intended to do him no injustice. The Crainman—The gentleman is not in order. Mr. Meavr—I will show that ny remarks are rele- vant. I want to show how my amendment will save nee to the House. gentleman has five minutes to t. bout to add the gentleman mirrepresenta- I believed that be was misled by the book which ake this avowal im courtesy to him nt was rejected. Schenck was agreed to—(ten $2,000 salary per an num.) Tole ended, in Committee. proceedings on the subject; and the substitute will be voted on in the jouse. Other clauses of the bill were read, and amendmonts voted op; and at twenty minutes past three, the Com- mittee rose, and the House adjourned, ¥ from New York did not mean to tion. Lonpon, Dec. 29, 1848, Effects of American News iw London—Probable Abdication of Queen Victoria—Effects of the Election in France upon England—View of the Policy of Eugopean Monarchs—Corruptions of the English Judical System—-Of the Press-- Various Comments on the State of Europe, §c. The nse of republicanism and democracy in all Europe, and the contagious flight of kings and princes, have completely changed the order of the day in several infected districts of this metropolis. Within a month, Buckingham Palace, Downing street, and Printing-house square, have re- ceived a succession of electric shocks from the aflairs of America and the Continent. And al- though none of the enemies of the human race who occupy the specified localities have been actually struck with lightning, they are turning their devoted heads in every direction, to escape from the surcharged elements of destruction now hovering over this island. Nothing can exceed the terror with which they survey the simultaneous triumph of universal suffrage in the election of Presidents for the magnificent republics of the United States and France, contrasted with the overthrow of monarchy 1n all enlightened Europe. They are amazed at the order with which these great popular elections were conducted, and the quiet which ensued; and they see, in the abdica- tion (!) of the Austrian idiot, and the flight of the Pope, that monarchy has become an obsolete idea, and * lags superfluous on the stage,” soon to take to its heels outright. i That a woman can any longer rule the destinies of England, after such a total change of the ancient delusions of the people, is impossible, Indeed, the Herald might as well announc at once, the abdication of Queen Victoria; for nothing can prevent its almost immediate accomplishment. Nations change, according to the new fashion, so rapidly that the eye cannot be removed a moment, and in the language of Tur- ot, “it 18 unnecessary to predict the present.” Soaand is now actually sloughing off the effete snake’s skin of monarchy ; and it will be cast so quickly in the spring that the Herald will be the lay after the fair it it does not venture, with its usual courage and sagacity, to announce the near approach ot the event forthwith. The truth is, that the old cards against repub- licaniem are useless. The English people, though very slow to learn, and rather more dull than con- ceited, have found out that univereal suffrage is the right of all adults; and that whoever denies it, or stands in the way of its free exercise by a man of his own race,isaknave. The danger of tu- mult and disorder, 80 often preached by the press, 18 discovered by the practical working of the peo- ple’s right of voting in the United States and in yacer to be a pure invention. And in spite of the double cunning of the government humb conspiracy with chartiem, by means of spies, an wretches paid to mislead and betray the people, and in spite of the trick of alarming the middle classes, by fortifying the bank, so that they came forward and took a culous oath as ** specials,” and of the fraud of systematically starving and torturing Ireland, under the affectation of charity, the long-established despotism of the British sys- tem 18 shaken to its centre by the exam- ple of republicaniem; and it has also lost all decent countenance from kindred institu- tions. The so-called constitutional monarchies of the Continent are tottering and tumbling everywhere ; so that Iingland is alone, and a the date of this letter, is driven into the em- braces of the Czar, who is the most inveterate oundrel on the fcotstool. He grinds to powder a countless population, wholly ignorant, embruted and degraded, of whom 20,000,000 are his person- al serfs, and over a million his mercenary and te- rocious troops. Above all the knavery of British pretence to freedom and Poplar nights, he mocks at humanity, and bends or breaks it to his will, with arrogant and awful violence. His system 18. what prevails in Pandemonium, and in or out of that region has no other parallel. Discussion 18 forbidden—the human mind and soul are suppress- ed—all human emotions are utterly dezpoiled of every earthly possession, except slight material comtorts; and their despot domimeers at home, and intrudes abroad, with the characteristic impu- dence of hig prototype—the devil. With such a Thieves’ Alliance,the vauntedChristian and rational government of England is compelled to be content. She is driven out by the people of all enlightened countries, from sympathy and society, tor her op- pression of her Pree iatieteas and tor the explot- tation of her conquests in India and Ireland ; and now herds with the ruthless successor of all the Autocrats. What a spectacle for the 19th century! Let none suppose that France will continue her cordiality with herancienthereditaryenemy. The present alliance is merely casual, and to be termi nated almost instantly by the same antagonism which dec'ared itselt 80 money, in the tory press of London, to the canvass of the incumbent ot the French Presidency. If General Cavaig- nac had been elected, England might have kept up relations with France, and continued her admirable system ; but now it is impossible. Gen. C. would have retained the present set of function- aries who mentee the foreign relations of the great republic. M. Bastide, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, end the pliant inferior ot the Marquis Nor- manby (Britigh Minister to France) M. Beaumont, the simpleton whospeaks with contradictory voices, asthe French Minister to England, and writer on America, and DeTocqueville,who ishand and glove with British pretengion in mutaal mediations, after having printed «Democracy in America,” two vorumes! Louis Napoleon, at 1east has the nega- tive ment of being hated by England, and he re- turns the compliment. In selecting his cabinet, he 1s not likely to defer at allto the wishes of u18 enemies, at home and abroad, over whom he has achieved such a splendid victory. We shall there- fore eee France drop England without ceremony. And will it not be a signal example of just retribu- tion, if the next of kin to the victim of England’s Teate.t perfidy should return, the chalice to her ‘ps? Indeed, hie that believes in the doctrine of national accountability in this world, mu:t desire to see euch an instance of its consummation. Itis perfectly certain, at all events. Eogland eannot expect any longer euccessfully to supplicate the aid and iriendship of France. In the tace of tri- umphant antagonism to her despotic principles, and the equally distasteful success of a Bonaparte, premeted ,to weild agaln the puiseance of her despair. superior, she must turn away in Hut ehe turns instinctively to Russi nial epint ; and already we see eve! entente cordtale between them. The tw shaking hends over the eplendid domain of liber- ty in Europe, with fiendieh gratification, and day and night are cowing the verdant prospect witl tares. Observe tome of the signs of this infernal amity. In the first place, the two governments are actuated by the seme feelings—self-aggrandize- Ment, and the total abnegation of popular nghts. Both equally love power, and each protoundly dis- tiusts tne fidelity of the people. With correspond- irg cruelty seria from the same fear of conse- quences which ol cowardly oppressors fee), each yursues that system which in its respective po- sitions most eflectually represees the true sove- reignty of every state—that of the masses. In Ruesia, 1t 18 only necessary to seize and hand over to the knout, or Siberia, of the scaffold, those who are suspected of political offences: ¢.e. of desiring any better government. In the abject state of Rus tian charseter, with its ages of servitude, igao- rance, and brutality, the imperial will stande for itc voleo, ste yubeo, is enough for Nicholas simple administration. In England, the conditions for ample abuses of power are essen- tially diflerent. The mockery of forms in the houses ot Parliement, the courte of justice, and in the churches and schools, and in the newspaper prese, 18 ndirpeneible. Each and all of these are necessary to rupport the fatal necessity of the most cemplex ond enormous despotiem yet made known by mortal men in the annals ot both the ancient and mogerm world, Unlike Russia, MORNING EDITION----FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 1849. presumed | which has no history, England is made glorious by the struggles of her martyrs for liberty, and renowned for having at one period of her career under the Protectorate, attained to something like free institutionr. Her Miltens, Hampdeus, and Sidneys, have filled the world to 11s circumference with their sublime and indignant protests against tyrants, ull the cry has reverberated home again ; and her Cromwell chastised contumeliously, the lie ot right divine, by substituting tor it the voice of the people as the voice of the King of Kings. Besides, in science, art, and literature, England boasts the greatest names, who have 1n prose and | verse achieved the precedence for British genius over the competitors of every clime and age. And even the forms of liberty themselves, have been instrumental in their very perversion, for goad. For instance, popular representation was les'gned to be, whatit is—the vilest cheat ever suc- cesstully attempted. The people were by its plan to be systematically tantalized, with the name of go- verning, while in tact, they were to be only go- verned by a bandful of knaves and aristocrats. The thirty millions of Englishmen were to be made believe that they had gomething to do in the conception and discussion and paesage of the laws so that the great moral sanction of the will of the people might be claimed for the entire class le- gislation of the crown and nobility. Perhaps it 13 wrong to say the people were to be tantalized with the mockery of representation. They have been actually made to believe that they have a valuable part in legislation. Although excluded by the so-called constitution, altogether from one of the two houses of Parliament, and having only the proportion of rather less than one-seventh of the votes in the other, we have been talking of popular influence; and that, too, when the dis- Fropoition is aggravated by occasional losses of one or more of the people’s filty odd, by purchase or by flattery, or by ieslonay? on the ‘one side ; opposed to pertect identity of interest and solidity of rauks in the other 600 members who superintend this island for their masters with more than the fidelity ot Cuban overseers, representing Spanish proprietors. And yet indirectly, and in a ver) diflerent way from what is erroneously suppose the figment of a House of Commons in England has been advantageous ; although a false picture in reality, it has been necessary for the authors to act occasionally as it it were true, or that the people sometimes get a nod of reluctant recogni- tion. Moreover, an election in a great town like Manchester or Sheffield gives occasion for com- liments and professions which are not so easily un- heeded by rulers as if they were suppressed ; and at long intervals a man of the people, like Cobden or Bright, elected from such a place, gets that hear- ing by the government which the truth requires to be rerpected; and something is extorted, asin the cate of Catholic emancipation in 1829, the Reform Bul in 1882, and free trade 1n 1842, from the fears ot the aristocrats, and with the aid of France, which is always necessary. These means ot pro- poewting truth’ and justice are principally assisted by the corruption which attends a common per- version of so-called popular elections among great constituencies. The whig and tory nobles, in their etruggles against each other, are ever anxious for extrinsic support; and hence they vie 1n affecting hberal sentiments, so that the highest bidder at the auction of popularity may invest himself with the confidence ot thousands, instead of units, of his tellow-subjects. I do not mean to assert that the price of this petit treason to the order is always paid, according to either the loyal or the mora] cbligation of the contract: that 18 to say, as the text of the promise made plainly reads, or as the bidder knew, at the time he gave it, 1t was un- derstood by the seller; but a part of the considera- tion is generally exacted. It is thus, and in various other forms, that Parliament has been useful, though intrinsically only a cunning device, an wholly unworthy of any comparison with the farthest West legislature tor integrity, ability, de- cency, or usefulness. The British system, of jurieprudence and courts of justice also wear the visage of impartiality and efficacy: but in the language of one of the present Chiet Justices (Denman) on another subject, they have proved, and are constantly proving it, in practice, ‘a shame, a delusion, and a snare.” The whole of this machinery is useless, except to destroy all who, by speaking, writing, or actiog, endeavor to produce a melioration of the govern- ment. ‘ Justice,” Lord Brougham (bad autho- nity, Tadmuit, for anything, because on every side ot everything) says, ‘is not delayed ; it is de- med ;” and I may add what he omitted, that 1a criminal cases, wjustice, ensanguined with cruelty, is the robe of the bench and box, of the judges and the jury. Everything 1s sedition, or felony, or treason, as Sir John Jervis* sees tit; and lite is taken, or liberty, or property, as the case is sup- posed to require; death, or imprisonment, with or without confiscation. The craft of a special commission enables the government, through the bench, to cell the most unscrupulous judicial character, for the arbiter of the law of the case b which such partisans as Hilde, Platt and Wal- lisma, or such reprobates as Erle and Crescull and Patterson and Leroy, hector the counsel and trample the accused during the inquest, and fulfil more than the functions of Jeflreys himselt, by the hypocritical addition of a sentence excluding all mercy, and framed of politice, morals and religion naus¢ ously dosed up together in about equal parts. Asto, the jury, they have not acquitted in a single case in Engiand, even upon the slighest evidence. They are made by the crown, most artfully and ee packed upon system, out of the vilest ot the middle claes, enemies to freedom and hu- manity, which the ulcerous centre of a nation of shop Keepers has festered into pecumiary prosperity. Servility and venom, and hatred, skiltully appor- tioned, it seems by the experiment of the Chartist trials, can be made to constitute a model juror for political offences. Even the ignorance which always enters into the composition might be omitted. A Catholic, however, is discovered to be the most tremendous disinfecting agent, as one ot them, in several Irish cases, neutralized the other eleven; and sweetened the panel so make it unfit for Cad ee Hence, it was lutely necessary for haughty England to acknow- ledge her total weakness in Ireland to the world, by disfranchising§ the Island, so far as seven- eights of the population were concerned. Quere: hen the French invade this country, will there be more Irishmen ready to repel them than there were ot National Guards to a: L. Philippe? A question somewhat searching, but Tequiring @ prompt solution from the authori- ties. But the fact is, that Mr. Cuffey and his friends were denied by Englishmen the Wahid lg ot Englishmen, and yet they were not Irishmen. Mr. Cuffey, who 18 t man Vastly superior to the judges of the tribunal which tried him, demanded trial by his peers, Cae to the principles down in Magna Charta. He fully explained to the stupid creatures who were mocking his dis- tress that he had a most intelligent meaning, for he very logically sai 1t 18 my right to be tried by my peers ; but 1 ama journeyman tailor, and as thete jurors are employers and tradespeople, my night is violated.” That humble but upright pro- test will live forever; and before the judges who coined it go to their account they may make a similar appeal in vain. Yet, (to return,) in spite of these enormities, eourts of og ta have done a very little for popular rights. There 1s an oral discussion with open doors, that 1s all; yet It immort 8 the judicial As to the churches and schools, it will always be difficult to ascertain what good they have ever done tor liberal opinions, such are their exclu- siveness, and most profane and indefensible gene- ral career; and yet it 18 ible the balance in- ciines almost imperceptibly towards the friends rether than the foes of mankind. One must, how- ever, see the universities and the Protestant Epis ec pal establishment, to appreciate the repulsive mass of corruption which only does not exceed all the real and conjectural benefits of both. The Englieh newepaper press 18 even a greater enigma. It would spoeat impossible that some service to the cause of progress should not be ren- dered by the selt etyled organs of public opinion. But after patient study, it is my belief that the press is an actual drawback to liberty. Paradoxical as this seeme, it might be demonstrated, if there were time. You must remember there is no free press 1p England, nor any freedom of the press. The people have, strictly speaking, no newspapers ; and those which are printed are restrained to Tnsiadity by the laws against all diecussion of the form and Measures of government. The stamp tax and ad- vertirement duty prevent the issue of cheap jour- vals, and the high priced ones are either inclined by their patrons or compelled by the dread of pu- piehment to e the Queen, lords and com- jso the jackals of monarchy ind all the London (exceptthe News p following the Times, eve urged on the Kings ot tria and Pru bombs and cepnon, and the Autocrat te crush the rising democrac rope. Not t« dwell upen the subject, it is certain thet now the press is @ barrier to progress, and it 8 s, Sept 25) ‘k bar think of jury, what 1 Jeohassery for the nineteenth eont TWO CENTS. y time, ople. Sin inimical to the masses; Petore, it wi inchined to suppert popular rights occasionally. By al] this ingenious network of contrivance, the British government has effectually subordinated and rardiysed the people,tor whose benefit nothing 1s intended, and who are feared, hatec, and cheat- ed by their rulers. These rulers and Nicholas are in strict sympa‘hy, notwithstanding the materials of their power are so adverse. Their objects are the same. Their perils are the same. Their dee- uny is the same. Everything disposes them to a fraternal partnership, and for a moment they will cealesce suecesstully, before they are both rent into fragments by the indignation of their victims, assisted by glorious France. Meanwhile, it 18 curious to pursue the incipient career of the Thieves’ Alliance. France 18 quite broad aweke to all their movements ; but in Ame rica, also, the thing ought to be understood, for the urpose of future action Russia has advanced Tage armies of over 200,000 men, fully equipt and mounitioned, to the Prussian trontier ; Russia hag mixed up her soldiers with the Croats, who de- spoiled the people and monuments of Vienna ; uesia has eent old Radeteky her order of St. George; Russia has sent to Windischgatz and Jel- lachich her orders of Leopold and St. George, by special messenger ; Russia offers the daughter of the Czar to the young Austrian Emperor, which of course incledes money and soldiers, as well as wife. Austria has rifled Tay of her fine Danu- bian provinces of Moldaviaand Wallachia,to which universal suffrage, provisional governments, and a notion of republigan government, had penetrated— all of which 18 now extinct under the hoof of Van- daliem. Russia has appealed to some musty obliga~ tions, by way of treaty, to oppose Germany in the controversy with Denmark ; Russia told her in- fatuated legions to saddle up, when the news of February got to St. Petersburgh, and Russia stands with her foot in the stirrup, to meet England more then way in a mortal crusade in the 19th cen- tury againet the universal rights of the humaa race in Europe. From firet tolast England has stimula- ted and responded to these advances. The foreign secretary departments full of thanks, gratitude,and co-operauon for the Czar. Sir S. Canning, at Con- stantinople, eagerly assietsin robbing ‘the ancient ally” of his coentry for the benefit of the new ar- rangement which brings Russia as far as the Danube,on her way tothe Mediterranean,where she intends to arrive by another process of sepoliation. The motive of the robbers is explained in two words,—Kussia can never be a maratime power until she hasa sea coast on the Mediterranean. With that footing she has everything else, and Eng- land und she expect to sweepihe deep. Asthe mat- ter stands, France and America, (repulicanism,) can overcome the allied fleetsof England and Ru: (despotiem.) And itis no doubt to prepare for the coming batile of these great principles that Turkey istsacrificed by the Thieves’ Alliance—a daring and desperate game ; but nothing can cope with such friends as France and the United States, either by sea or land. To proceed, the same diplomacy is hindering the democratic movementin Italy, with- out aiding Austria, and itis baffling German the controversy with Denmark ; England and Rus- sia concurring. The British press is courteous to the Czar, and he has been flattered as the mediator and saviour of Europe, by the T¥mes, with plain directions to put down the people ot Germany, and put up the miserable effigies, in the shape of idiots and debauchees,who are drunk one half their time, and flying the other halt. Some of them have ended in abdication proper, and the balance pro- bably will end in that kind of abdication which Chief Justice Wilde foolishly talked about at, the Old Baily, viz: An abdication by coercion, with a total change by the people of the ine of succession. Jt is useless to go further, however, to show that a strict Jeague and covenant are not only feasible, but existing, between England and Russia. The only question is, whether it will be resisted by the British people. The time was when such a question could not properly be asked; but all the public spirit and private character of these islands are gone. Burke found that in his day the chivalry of England had departed—* a race of economists and calculators had succeed- ed.” But evem the ardent imagination of the mighty liichman could not have realized the pre- sent ignominy of his successors, almost in the next generation. They have retained the lowest quali- ties of human nature inpertection, while the higher are all in abeyance. Indeed, you may alinost fancy you see in the gait and forms of Englishmen of the present age, the predominance of appetite and instinct. It1s painful to think upon the downfall of British pride and energy, eince the disarming of the peo- ple, the prevalent system of espoinzge, and their total deprivation, paysiasls moral, and intellectnal. There were British heroes who fell at Waterloo, and likewise British heroes who survived that lorious field; but the new race in England, have feen reared since 1815, like Hindoos and Ciina- men, till they are as harmless as the children of the East, or the innocent tropical natives of the remotest islands. There 1s marvellous difference between the ancient and the modern type ot Britons. They are not only not the sanie—they do not seem to be related. There stands John Bullotthe 18th century, with hisdew'ap to the ground and his horns abroad, full of torce and fury, but here a most dis- consolate jackass represents the nineteenth cen- tury, who, by some unnatural intimacy of his an- cestors, has lost his voice, and, stranger still, has borrowed the cloven foot. Even with the national parade of the Jion’s skin on his shoulders, he seems the most ludicrous of emblems. He 1s a beast who cannot kick with his hoofs nor push with his horns, nor make noise enough for A2sop’s mas- querade. i % But, to be serious ; if Englishmen do not speedi- ly give up this system of spiritual emasculation, which 18 now the fate of every man child sent into the Britieh world, John Bull must be known here- after only as “Jackass.” I think it would be well enough to enforce the amendment of his licy by calling him, as other things are called, yy bis rightname. It is the province of the Herald. to decide upon the proposed alteration of name and surname, and, if approved, to make it stick, by repetition, till several generations have worn out its stupid characteristics, and, in these high and somewhat incongemal latitudes, asses have ceased to multiply. But after the advent of the republic, indicated by all the barometers in repute with the weatherwise and otherwise, that famed race, with monarchs, will be soon extinct. Vive la repwb- dique. RCUS. The Cho! the South, Hyattu or New O fords us much gra tifteation to be able that the disorder which bas proved ro fatal within a few weeks past. has ron Poca completely out, isease, may now return without foar of sickness, save the “ills that flesh is heir to” in ordinary seasons. The weather is cleared up. and » hard frost with = harp wind bas dispersed the foul vapors and purified the atmosphere, so that the city is pow completely re- stored to Ite usual healthy condition. We need but the return of our fellow citizens, business men, and yotaries of pleasure, to produce a revival of the active business pursuits and the gayeties for which Orleans in the winter season is so noted. Ail ¢ in the city feel perfectly secure, and sc! pirit has suceeeded the gloom which, a few day: 00 A hee: all circles’ We again sesure our abseat lend: they can return with the most perfect safe ). Picayune, Jan. 10, Poiltical Intelligence. Micwicax U. 8. Senaton.—A letter from Lensing, the seat of government of Michigan, dated Jan. 9, given the vote for United States Senator in the House day, but dors not bring the action of the In the former body the vote stood .— wi 6 Joseph R. Wiliiamne, free Pe i ‘A committee was appointed to 1a’ Senate of the result. ‘That body fixed the 11th for the day of ite actio! In the Louisiana Legisiatare, a bill has been intro- duced to eh, by fne and imprisonment, all tele- graph officers for refusing or omitting to transmit or deliver messeges in the order in which they are re ceived. fileA. A Monster Woman.— The clerk of a wellknown New Orleans steamer tells us the following horrid tale of a w }, WhO was passenger the last ard She got on the boat, we thin! Thi nd found her in the act of givii child, which the monster mother efopped cloret into the river immediately on de! ae ite fret and last feeble cry was heard. bad taken medicize to procure » the night, when there was lees alled fatber do’ id just re women mature delivery ance of discovery. ly ignorant of nding ever the wretoh to the bi gai authorities,