The New York Herald Newspaper, December 17, 1848, Page 1

NO. 5310. ~ SUNDAY MORNING, © WELMG]RAR LTE, | conlrescolortheyaciioaon of nly at Br | prt 8 an, mon 6 tiny bt, 2.0 vss EUROPEAN NEWS. ARRIVAL OF THE * STEAMSHIP NIAGARA. ONS WHEE LATHSHR. &e., &e., Keo The steamship Niagara, Ryrie, Liverpool, 2d inst., via Halifax 15th inst., where she arrived at 10 40, A. M., and lett at 1, P. M., for Boston, was off the Boston light at 8, P. M., yesterday. She arrived up to the city atl, A. M. She spoke, 3d instant, off Tuskar, packet ship Jehn R. Skiddy, for Liverpool; and same day, at 2, P.M., off the Saltees, passed steamship Ame- riea, from New York for Liverpool. Among the passengers, we notice the name of Mr. Barnum, of the Bridgeport Bank, who went out for young Beach, the defaulter of that bank, We also notice the name of Mr. Beach, probably the young financier. The Hibernia, from Boston, arrived out oa the 30th ult. ‘The frigate United States arrived at Portsmouth on the Ist inst. Revolution in Rome, After the assassination of M. Rossi, before re- ported, the mob, at the instigation of the clubs, proceeded in a body to the Quirinal Palace, on the 16th ult., when they demanded a new miaistry, the immediate declaration of war, Xe. About one hundred Swiss Guards resisted them. The diplomatic body also entered the palace to protect the Pope by their moral influence. Some endeavor was made to set fire to the principal gates ; but a few shots from the Swiss caused the mob to retire. Shortly afterwards, the Civic Guard, the Gen- darmerte, the Line, the Roman Legion, num- bering some thousands, invested the palace, in order of battle, and commenced a fusillade against the windows. The Swiss were overwhelmed, and the Pope’s Secretary, Monsignor Palma, was shot in the breast. The Bescaners, by their overwhelming force, compelled sub- mission. Negotiations were opened, and a list of ministers, comprising the names of those who had got up the conspiracy, was sent to the Pope who, under the duress of arms and the fear of personal danger, was compelled to submit to aay dictation. The authority of the Pope is, in fact, now a nullity. On the 18th the Ministry was formed, with Mazzarelli, President of the upper Chamber, Pre- sident of the Council, &c., Mamiami, Sterbina, Campello, Lunati, and Serini. The Swiss were sent away, and the National Guard occ upied their post in the castle. The popular club is the su- preme government, and decides upon all combi- nations. The new ministry has put forth an address, in which they say they will convoke the Chambers. France. Asthe period approaches tor the election of Pre- sident of France, the excitement daily increases. The interpellation and explanation which took place in the National Assembly, terminated in the complete triumph of Cavaigaac, as far as regaras the declared sentiments of the Chamber. A ma- ority of 503 to 34, carried a vote of confidence that General Cavaignac had deserved well of his coun- try. The General, in a speech, went over all the points of the accusations made against nm, o;¢ having, by culpable neglect in not providing for the defence of Paris, actually promoted the insur- rection of June, with a view to raise himself to power. For a brief twenty-four hours, the effect of Cavaignac’s speech was highly satisfactory. ‘The funds improved, and his chances for the Presidency increased; but on Tuesday, the manifesto of Louis Napoleon appeared. A change again came over the minds of the Parieians, and the star of Bonaparte once more rose in the ascendant. It cannot be denied that the Prince’s address 1s eminently calculated to win favor from almost all parties. General Cavaignac has taken another step within these few days, which cannot fail to influence the contest, In consequence of the alarming news tront Italy, and the fears at one moment enter- ,ained of actual personal danger to the Pope, trom his own subjects, and his reported flight from Rome, Cavaignac has despatched four steam frigates, carrying a brigade of 1,500 men to Civita Vechia, for the purpose of securing the liberty of His Holiness, and respect tor his person. M. Corcelles has been sent off suddenly to Rome as Envoy Extraordinary, to confer with the French Ambassador, M. de Harcourt, and act jointly with him in accomplishing the object of his mission. A reinforcement of troops . will immediately follow. Cavaignac has read to the Assembly M. Bastide’s instructions to M. Corcelles. The despatch re. pudiates, in the strongest manner, any intention whatever of interfering in the domestic differences between the Romans and the Holy Father. On the day the above communication was made to the Assembly, Gen. Lamoriciére, Minister of War, developed his plan of reducing the army from 560,000 to 292,000 men, thereby reducing the army ertimates to 270,000,000f., and eflecting a saving of 160,000, 000f. ‘The most strenuous eflorts are being made by the government to carry Cavaignac’s election, but still the cause of Louis Napoleon preponderates The funds, it will be seen, have somewhat im™ proved. The three per cents have risen to f42 90; the five per cents to {65 40. Great Britain. In England and Scotland the cholera appears to be on the decrease. Viscount Melbourne died onthe 24th ultimo. Mr. Charles Buller, M. P., is also dead. The Bank of England accounts only furnish ad~ ditional data of the increasing improvement in its position. The bullion is still on the increases making the total amount £13,919,960. The exports from Liverpool still continue on a targe scale, and the number of American buyers of goods at Manchester 1s altogether .unprecedent- ed. ireland, The arguments of counsel in the case in error, of Mr. Smith O’Brien, having been brought toa close, and the Court having deferred its judgment, he Irish journals are now almost destitute of news, The mal-administration of the poor laws, the e vietions which are going on throughout the coun- try, an occasional murder in some distant locality, and the uninterrupted emigration of farmers at this late ee,1son of the year, furnish the only themes for political discussion in the Irish papers. Austria, It is annourteed that Austria has accepted the cfler made by the mediating powers, to hold the sels, This acceptance was the last act of the ‘Wessemburg Cabinet, and Prince Schwartzenburg on accepting, the government at once ratified it, and expressed at the same time to the represen tation of the mediatory powers, the strongest de- sire to enter immedistely on the negotiations. M. Bastide, however, ob ected that it would be more edvisable to wait until the President of the French republic 1s named. Lord Palmerston has acquiesced in this. The mediating powers have also agreed that the armis™ tice should be prolonged throughout the winter; and, in consequence, Austria has engaged not to attack Venice by land or by sea. The Sardinian government has, at the same time, also engaged to retain Admiral Albini with the Sardinian fleet at Ancona. In Vienna, the energetic measures taken by the Prince Windischgratz seem likely to secure tran- quillity. The Emperor of Russia has sent the Prince a etter ,with the order of St. Andrew, and to Jella- chich an equally flattering communication has been made, together with the order of St. Ulati- mer. ‘The war in Hungary occupies every body’s thoughts. A numerous army of Imperielists is about to enter Hungary, and the German papers state that the Hungarians will give them a sharp reception. ‘The execution of Dr. Beecher and Dr. Jellinck» {or their participation in the late events in Vienna, has been officially announced. Beecheris an Eng- lishman, Martial law has been relaxed into the more modified form which prevails in Germa- ny, before the usual tribunals. The Latest News. The postscript of the European Times says the report that Prince Windischgratz has been as- sussinated was current at the Paris Bourse on the Ist instant, but was not credited. "There was a rise in the 5 per cents of 4 pe cent, and the general opinion there was that the present excitement will subside, and that there will be no attempt at riot, whether Louis Napoleon or General Cavaignac be elected President. M. Louis Napoleon made his appearance in the Place Vendome, on the lst inst. A large crowd had collected, and he was greeted with shouts of Vive Nupoléon. Marshal Soult has arrived in Paris. The ante- chambers of his spacious hotel were thronged by the friends of the Cavaignac and Napoleon dynas- ties, whe are, of course, desirous to secure the co-operation of the gallant old Marshal. It is believed that all his sympathies are with the nephew and heir of his old Master and companion inarms. The programme of his principles, which the Prince has just issued, was supposedto have em- anated tromM. Thiers; but the friends and advisers of Louis Napoleon have now declared that the Pro- clamation was prepared and drawn out by the prince alone, without their assistance, advice or know- ledge. The efiect already produced by this docu- ment will add to the chances, now, it may be said, reduced to a certainty, of his being elected Presi- dent of the Republic, Prussia, The second sitting of the Prussian Chamber at Brandenburg, took place on the 28th ult. No legis” Jative business was done. It was agreed that the House should meet on the 29th and 30th. On the latter date, M. Simons intended to move that the ministers should summon all the absent members, and in the event of their not appearing, that the government be empowered to call up their several substitutes. In Berlin the progress of revolution is stayed. The contest still goes on, however, between the Court and the Chamber; but General Wrange! maintains peace at Berlin. Germany. The Frankfort journals state that a plot fora republican end socialist rising, and for the assas- sination ef several members of the German par- lament, has been discovered in that city. Italy. Marshal Redetski, commander of the Austrian forces in Italy, js reported to be dead. Accounts from Rome are to the evening of the 20th. The most perfect tranquillity had succeeded the commu- tion of the 17th. The new minister, Campello, had arrived. The Pope appeared to be satisfied with the new crder of things, and was greatly please to find that the peace of his capital nad been so speedily restored. The Alva, of Florence, which 1s an ultra raci- cal paper, says that the programme of the new government has not satisfied any party. It is too liberal for the reactronaires, and not sufliciently so tor the exaltes. Sicily. The London Times says: ‘We are happy to state, on the authority of a well informed local correspondent at Messina, that an almost imme- diate settlement of the pending dispute between the King of Naples and his Sicilian subjects is expected to take place. One of the first results of the arrangements will be the surrender ot the for- tfess of Messina, and the evacuation of the island by the royal troops. From Baring’s Circular, There has been a fair demand this week for Ameri. can Stocks, and some further improvement in prices United States Six per Cent Bonds to bearer have been done at 96 ex. div., and there are purchasers of Ohio Sixes, at 91; New York State Fives, 90; City 82; Pennsylvania, 67; and Maryland. 69, with very little stock for sale; Massachusetts, 04 a 96, Other prices unaltered. There are buyers of Louisiana Bonds, of the Louisiana and Union Banks, but of no other sorts. Markety. Loxpos Moxry Manxet, Dec. 1,P.M.—The funds continue very firm, Consols 874 a 875;. The specula. tive dealings have not been large. Bank stock is worth 18734 to 18034. Exchequer bills have been 42s, to 45s: premium. Reduced Three Per Cents are 86 to 86%/. Liverroot, Dec, 2.—Flour is generally held at 248 to 258 per bbl d duty paid, Flour sells only in a retaly way, at the reduced prices, at 27s @ 25s per bbl, the du. ty being now 3s 7/<d per barrel, American wheat, in bond, 68 to 6s 0d, and duty paid 78 to Te 9d per 70 Ibs. Indian corn is also decidedly lower, and may be quoted at 30s per quarter for inferior white, up to 32 a 288 for the best yellow; and meal is dull at 16s per barrel, Livenroot Corton Manxer, Dec, 2.—In the early part of the week a continued good demand for cotton was experienced, and the business was mostly at a further advance of 3d, per lb,; but the market has ‘ecome comparatively qniet the last few days, and this improvement has been lost, or very nearly so; the only change in the official quotations being 34d, in fair Mobile, which, therefore, now is 4d.; foir Upland, 8%, and fair Orleans, 41¢4,; middling of the three descriptions fs still 3)(4., and ordinary may be quoted.2%d to 354, per Ib... ‘The eales of Cotton for the week amount to 33,000 bales, of which 7,000 are on speculation and 100 only for export, and the American descriptions consist of 6,850 Upland at 2%d. to 45d. ; 14,600 Orleans at 3d, to 6M, ; 3.480 Alabama and Mobile at 844d. to 4d. ; and 710 Gea Jeland at 74, to 13d. per 1b. ‘The ttock inthis port is now estimated at 475,000 bales, of which about 295,000 are American, The arrivals of American cared provisions during the past week comprin? 26 los, 69 bbls, of beet, S21 bbls. 307 tierces 2 269 bbls. 2,009 kegs lard. No further casks chee In beef, the sales are of trifling moment. arrivals of new have come to hand, The currency is 05s to 100s. per tierce, for prime ni and 85s to 88s for old. The low qualities of old pork find ready buyers, chiefly for Ireland, New, of good quality, is much wanted for ship stores. Little business is doing in bacon. New, of choico quality, is disposed of at 45s a 50s per owt. Lard has receded fully 6d. per owt. Extensive sales have taken place, and the quotations now vary from 26a. to 4 ir owt, in very dull demand; Canadian, duty 57s, to 61s. per owt. THH DETAILS OF THE NEWS BY THE NIAGARA, RECEIVED BY THE NEW HAVEN LINE, LAST EVENING. Insurrection at Rome, Letters from Rome of the 16ch, anaounce that, on that morning, alamentablo insurrection broke out in the city, Ateleven o’clock,an immense multitude, composed of the populace, the Civie Guard, some troops of the line, and carabineers, assembled in the Pi- azza del Popolo, and thence they proceeded to the Chamber of Deputies, to demand of them to insist up- on the Pope’s appointing a democratic ministry, and that he should make the following concessions: 1’ The recognition of Italian natiovaiity. 2. ‘The convoon- tion of a Constituent Assembly, and the deliberation of a Federal Pact. 3. That the deliberations of the Council of the Deputies on the war of independence should be carried into effect. 4. That the programme of Signor Mamiani, published on the Sth of June, should be carried into effect; and the fol.owing indi- viduals should be appointed Ministers: Mamiani, Herbini, Campello, Saliceti, Fasconi, Lunati,and Gal- tetti. The deputies marched in procession, with the mob, to the Pope's palace, His Holiness replied, by Cardinal Saglia, that he would reflect. T'he populace, not being satisfied, sent the Deputies forward a€econd time, to whom the Pope replied, in person, that he would not grant anything to violence. Inthe mean- time, the Swiss and Papal Guards drove bask the peo- ple, who then rushed on. the sentinelsand disarmed them, The Swiys then retreated into the interior of the place, threatening to fire on the people, and on the troops, who advanced without arms. The people then threatened to set fire to the gates of the palace, when the Swiss fired on the mob, and a ory of «fo your arms!” was instantly raisod. At three o'clock, the générale was beaten; the troops and civic guards aysembled, and maintained @ fire against the Swiss until So’clock. At 6, the Quirinal was completely in- veetedtby 6,000, civic guards and troops of the line, and cannon were placed against the principal entrance. A deputation was again sent to the Pope with the ulti- matum of the people, giving him an hour to return an anewer, telling him, in cage of refusal, that the Palaco should be stormed and every soui in it, except himself, should be put to death. ‘Che Pope finally sent for the advocate Galtetti, to whom he announced that he con- tented to accept the following ministry: nival, Foreign Affairs; Galtetti, the Interior; Lunati, Finance; Herbini, Commerce and Public Works; Campello, the ‘War Department; Abbé Rosmini, Public Instruct on. with the Presidency of the Uounocil; Serini, J And with respect to the other dems the Pope submitted to the decisio: Deputies. Amonget the killed was Pope’s Secretary, who was shot thro: head. Intelligence bas been recsived fro ae to the 20th November. At that date tranquillit 1 been com- pletely restored. The Pope had not d the Quiri- nal, but had installed the new Mini in office, and appeared to have leyally accopted new ord f things, ‘The following is the = oe YROG Mit OF Tite NEW RoMAN auNieTRY. “ Rome, November 18, 1848. « Called to the Ministry in the midst of extraordina- ry circumstances, and at'a time when a refusal on our part would have had the effect of placing in certain peril the constitutional form of government which is at present in force in our State, we should be frighten- ed with the gravity cf affairs,and of the times, if we were not rupported by the thought thas our political programme is in perfect harmony, not only with the principles proclaimed by the people, but also with those which, after ripe deliberation, have been accepted by our Chambers—principles which will serve to regu- late all our actions, as long 26 wo remain in power. ‘Among theee principles, there is one which has received, by a sol ct, the assent of the Prince; and as re gar nother. # promise has been made that he would concert with th w Ministry, in order that ana! gous propositions should be presented for the asce; ance of the deliberative y “The principle of the nationality of Italy, proclaimed by our people and by the Chambers a hundred times, and accepted by ue, has been sanctioned without re- serve by the Prince, at the time when, with paternal zeal, he,recalied itgto the recollection of the of Austria, in bis letter to that Prince. Co: z that, in order to gain this good, we must think it indis- ble to execute the deliberations adopted by the he independence of hese deli- 8 of the representatives of the . Noons will doubt our full adhesion to the p: me of the Sth of June, which was received with so mueh enthu- siasm by the deliberative Chambers, The convocation of a Constituent Assembly at Rome, and the drawii up of a federative act, are principles and maxims which we find laid down in the opinion expressed by our Chambers, for the convocation of a Diet at Rome, des- tined to discuss the general interests of our common country. “At the present day, when to this opinion, to that fundamental maxim, comes to be joined the assent of the Prince, who also wishes to submit the decision of it to the Chambers ; of the sovereign whom the whole of Italy has saluted as the initiator of her liberty and in- dependence, our heart beat at the ides of the proximity of the moment when we are allowed to hope that we thall at length see the birth of that federal compact, which, respecting the existence of the isolated states, and leaving intact their form of government, will serve to insure the liberty, the union, and independence of Italy. This work will be perfected, in our opinion, when the glory of Rome and the venerated namo of a Pontiff will have associated in the accomplishment of “We nt ourselves with this programme before the peo d the Chambe: the people accord to us th ir confidence, we will u ll our efforts to con- tinue to deserve it. The Chambers are about to be in order to prove to us if they will as- cord to us their confi and itis permitted to us to hope that we shall re if their political pri ples continue to be, at the present day, what they w: im times past, “C. E. Mazzaneuui, President, “8. Gaverti, “ Prennx StERBINI, “J. Lumats.” The Pope having accepted the resignation of Prince C, Aldobrandini, commandant of the Civic Guard of Rome, has appointed, on the proposition of the Minister of the Interior, Colonel Joseph Gallieno, in his stead. During the 16th, Prince Roepigliosi distributed bread, wine, and cheese, to the crowd, on the Monte Cavallo. The new ministry has ordered ail the arms of the Swiss Guard at the Palace of the Quirinal to be removed. By order of the Pope, the castle of St. Angelo is guarded by soldiers ef the line and the civio guard. A civil guard mobile of 1000 men is to be immediately estab- lished, to act along with the troops who have returned from Vincenza. The Argentino theatre is to be illumi- nated @ giorno, in honor of the new ministry. It appears that the report that the Pope had been obliged to quit his capital was fal The French go- Bion gt has received the following telegraphic des patch :— # Civ a Veeco “Romo is tranquil. Tho new ministry have Programme, and assumed the direction of affairs, +. Mamiani arrives at Komo this afternoon,” This telegraphic despatch was communicated to the Journal des Debate with the following note: — twas an error that a jours anDon yosterday ss the Pepe bed en eotupelied equities ee Our advices from Rome add nothing of interest to information already published. The Pope had re: ceived his new ministers with much apparently good ig. In the deputies, a proposition hnd been made to assure his Holineis of the fidelity of that Chamb: but when put to the vote, it was rejected—a pretty clear proof that the deputies are not very anxious to pints on with their sovereign in his present critical situation. The French Republic, ‘THE IMPORTANT DEBATE IN THE NATIONAL ASSEMELY. Sirtine or Nov, 26, After some unimportant matters, Gen. Cayaignac propored that the debate which was com- ould be limited strictly to the subject mat- ter arising out of the published protestation of MM. er Fug’, Duclerc, Pagnerre, and Barthelemy St. . ‘This proposition was received by the majority with approbation; but, as will be seen, was not acted upon, Hilaire then rose, and delivered an ela- dress, of which the following is an abridged report :— M, BartHeremy Sr, Hitarne — Citizen represen liver, we must first disembartess Chis debate of an ta: cident foreign to it, Ww gave uo reiation with any al; We Dave authorized no one io wake publica i v stion If, then, becween ac and the executive commission on the events of June, id not have ascended this tribune if we bad not been provoked to it; but the Exe- cutive Commission bas not for five months uttered one single word of complaint, it would have remained under the weight of the calumnies which have sur- rounded it, If we were silent it was from patriotism, and not to weaken @ power aiready too weak, (Very good.) Our optnion on the events of June is kaowa tince the report of the Commitsion of Inquiry--our evidence is but that of truth, We have nov provoked anew dvbate on these events, bul we Lave accepted it with pleasure, We know not what maybe the result; but at present we throw it on others than ourselves. If we ‘were compelled to be misunderstood for some tims by our contemporaries—(laughter)—we not dis- posed to play that part in history, We have written the history of the events of June. This history has been communi xl to several of the friecdsof General Cavaignac. It is simply ahirtory, and has not been written to serv y private pur- He who has exercised under the executive com- most humble functions, may recount all in these circumstances ; and to prove yutive commission did, | wish to read assages relative to the event: have been written, and against whi yaignac objects. [Here the orator read an article, pu’ lished in the month of June, from which itappears that orders had been given to General Cavaigaac, then Minister of War, to have ready io Paris 45,000 men.) The commission thought, that by this sure, pab- lic tranquillity would be assured; and this would have It wished been the case had its order been executed that some divisions of the army of the Alps should bo called to Paris. These orders wero not executed. Why? It is not known, bat General Cavaigaac has produced no proofs in support of the denial that he has made of this, However this may be (continued the orator, who went on reading) it is shown that the exe- cutive commission neglected nothing to re-establish order and tranquillity. It results, then, from this ar- ticle, that from the orders given to General Cavaignac not having been executed in the days of Juns, the ouvriers of the atéliers nationaua, profiting by ® mo- ment which appeared propitious, prepared the move- ment. A yery fiery altercation took plase in the exe- cutive commission. General Cavaignac, who was called, raid ue had not received the letter bringing him the ordérs, But in ssome observations of Barthe- lemy St. Hilaire, he acknowledged that he had received the letter, but he made some severe remarks against his subordinate, General Fouche, ‘Thia general, who did wot cormcide with the opinions of his superior, was at first disposed to expostulate, and, I need not fay, was a few days after deprived of bis situ. ation, (Agitation) ‘The meaner of attacking tha émeute was discussed. Tho Exeontive Commission unanimously decided that the construction of barri- cades should be prevented. M. Ledru Rollin, amongst others, obrerved that they were contagious, | General Cavaignas, on the contrary, and against the opinion of every one, declared that he would allow them to construct barricades, and only attack them when eufli- cient forces haderrived. ‘The Executive Commission consented, and thus the half of Paris was barricaded. Ought he to have allowed the barricades to have been made? We think not, If Paris had been, on the 23d, occupied everywhere by numerous troops, the insurrec- tion of June would not have occurred, On the 23d of June, at ten o'clock, two battalions of the line were epgeged in the twelfth arrondissement. M. Garnier Pages, who was at the Luxembourg, received an order from Gen, Cavaignac, which enjoined him to send away, immediately, the two battalions that he had un- der his direction. Shortly after, a new order arrived, menacing the commandant of the Luxumbourg torend him before @ council of war if the two battalions were not immediately rent to the National Assembly. M. Garnier Pages, before such a menace, thought he must obey, and the arrondissiment was abandou- ed to the insurrection. General Cavaignac did not, moreover, jn these circumstances, exhibit ail the cool- ness th: have been expected. The National Guard mufmured, abandoned as they were, before the barricades, without seeing a single soldier of the line beside them, and to every demand Gen. Cavaignac opposed the most formal refusal. About 3 o'clock, only, Gen. Cavaignac marched on the barricades of the Faubourg du are and came back at 8 o clock, During all this time I and two of my colleagues were obliged to answer all demands which arrived from the Luxembourg. What the commission desired was to support the Natio: Guards by troops of the line. At the commencement of the struggle there would kave been no danger in dispers- ing the troops throughout Paris, This is simply my own conviction; and the troops might have been cer- ing the National Guard with them. When ‘3 were made and armed, they became £0 fortresses, that must be taken by breach. To batzicades to be constructed, when they could Do you wish an exam- le? At the corner of the Rue du Bac & barricade was in construction, a platoon of dragoons, who were pass- ing, charged vigorously, and the attempt was not re- newed during the four days of combat. The same thing cccurred at the Porte St. Denis, where the 3d legion destroyed barricades in the course of construc- tion, which were not afterwards recommenced From these delays how much blood has been spilled. The only act which could be forced upon General Cavaig- nac was to calithe artillery from Vincennes; but again the order given was not executed until the following mans allo be prevented, isa great fault, day, M Ledra Rollinin vain gave orders, The plang of General Cavaignac prevented evsrything ; instvad desired to of poritive orders, the National Guards were wait;" en@ in their despair the Natioanl Guards utter- ed the most bitter complaints against the Executive Commirsion. The plan of General Cavaignac was not doubtful: he wished to create for himeelf a party, aad render himself necessary toit. He created immedi- ately two parties—one thet of the Rue des Pyramides, the other that of the Palais National, who took some steps with the General. What passed between him andthem? That they alone know. The General, who bed refused the portfolio of war, after these in- terviews, being assured of the support of the Palais National, accepted the portfolio of war. On the eve- ping of the 22d June one of his friends, M. Andels- ward, received from General Cavaignac the informa- tion that he would accept the portfolio of war, if he could be assured of the support of the Rue de Pol- tiers, ‘Tbe parliamentary plot would have suc- ceeded on the 23d if the sorrowful events of June had not prevented it. The enemies of the commission saw, with regret, the continuance of power in its hands. On the 23d of June, we again sent to General Cavaig- nac, to demand how many troops he had; and he an- ewered, warmly, “Once more, I don’t know.” An or- derly officer of the National Guard, more impatient than we, insisted on knowing. He was answered that the general was asleep. He persisted, made his way into the room, and it was with difficulty that M. Ledru Rollin prevented him from awaking the minister of war. On the 24th, in the morning, our enemies in the Assembly were not satisfied, and they said, every- where, that first the Executit v mn must be got rid of. On Saturday. at § o'clock, General bac was in conference with M. Senard; M. Pagnerre came up, and he learned that, so far from attending to the insurrectio: were canvassing the condi- tions on which the genera! should take the power into hishands. All , inexplicable. Hilaire wished 4, and replied: ere to defend you, Parisians; your National Guard, who defend their lives and their shops? If one of my companies were disarmed, [ should blow out my brains.” Later, they announced that barricades were being very where ; h sians are general was no longer the sam strode about when the delegates oame to him. “What,” raid they, “do you etill ? simply an emeute, but A arms.”” It was then, on a proposition of Md. P prat, that the power was confided to Gene nao, and the Commission sent in its resignation tothe Assembly. All these details are most strictly true, General Cavarorac then rore, and delivered a speech to the following eflect:—Citizen representatives—I ac- cept the debate on the footing it has pleased my adver- saries to place it. I repeat what I have before said, when I requested to be authorised to address Lnterpel- lations—I repeat, | do not intend to place myself here as the accuser of the Exeeutive Commission. thelemy St. Hilaire « \ks of the slience | preserved in | Executive Commission; if any of the members of the committee of inquiry be here present, (hey can do me | the justice to say that, far from having repeated these | ecutive Commission. Informed by some indiscreet | Sriends that I was about to be reproached with the con- | duet I had held im the days of June, I replied that if I were called vpon to defend my acts inthe events of June, I had but one answer to maxe—that [ had obeyed the orders I had received If any of the members of the | committee of inquiry be here present, they can sflrm that in the sole time I was called before the committee, | I took upon me the defence of the commission itself; ond I said that it would have been impossible for me to of being one of their ministers ei: I never intended to attack a power whose minister [ was. | conse juently positively deny having ever har- | bored the thought of becoming the accuser of the Exe- | cutive Commission, My defence, lam about to m and without, 1 repeat again, attacking the Execut | Commission, speak of official circasstanc if any one can pay, officially, that euch attacx ve etcaped my lips, [aim ready (o give an answer. Thus, there is no debate between the Executive | mirsion and myself; the debate is betweon me and MM. Garnier Pagis, Pagnerre, Duclero and Barthelomy St Hilaire, They have csmmunicated to vight persons ® paper, in which [am accused, but which paper they have not thought proper to communicate to me. | do rot complain oi that. { shall mot abandon that rorr-ve which | impored upon myself to observe. 1 all extract from their act of accusation that part which concerns myrelf alone. My system of defence i* very timple, Having arrived at Parison the 17th of May, | immediately repaired to the Executive Commission, mich it was my duty to do aa the Gover f o# the 17th say, Algeria, The comiisaion testified the desire of seeing me accept the ministry of the war department. I did Ido not remembi joke of the rrisom of Paris. M perhaps, way; but we spoke of a fresh increase ef the garrison. I requested to be informed, in the most precise man- ner, of the state of the barracks and the number of | troops we could lodge in the city; everyone can conceive how ¢. ‘ous it would have been to have bad troops king in the streets, in the critical ciroumstances in which we were then plac I think | can say that, about fortnight after, I in- formed the com n that fresh resources had pro- sented themselves, and that the effective force of the garrivon amounted to about 26,000 men. Some time after, it was decided upon that one division of the army jd not two, as was said, should be col- ilway. I moreover jartine, every day, spoke to me con- trival of the troops; | told him that orders ned, and that the troops were on their march, It results from sll this that, comprising the Garde Mobile, the Repablican Guard,and the gardiens of Paris, the effective of the garrison amounted to M. Bar- | presence of there calumnies, which are directed at the | | caiuinnies on all sides, 1 constantly defended the Ex- | | to have acted otherwire, since | had had the honor | 45,000 men, and to 53,000 when the division of the army of the Alps arrived. M. Barthelemy St. Hilaire not only says that | showed great neglect in executing the orders ‘eceived, but also very clearly hints | did | 800m purpose, In alluding to General Lamoriciire, M. Barthélemy St. Hilair we systematically avoided collecting great masses of troops in Paris. M. Barthélemy St. Hilaire and my other acousers consider me asa disobedient, inapt min- ister, having acted with the sole view of further- | ing m; pornonal ambition: my honor is engaged in this del 5 if it be not an accusation of incapacity, if I am acccused of a dishonorable act, | shall, after having spoken th wage of an advocate to e their accusations, pe that of a soldier, (Applause dy said that the means for augmenting mber of men in each barrack had been increase nd I shall now ask, upon that subject, of my ho- norable friend, Gen. Bedeau, if it is not trus that we both spent considerable time and pains to accomplish that end. P Gen, Beveav—I beg to say that this ia porfectly Tue. 1 @ copy of the increase of the garrison is copy is an official copy trom the archives of the ministry at war; and if my udversarivs dstire to verify the exactness of that statement, | authorizs my colleague, the minister at war, and even pray him, to allow them to obtain whatever proofs they may think proper to obtain from him, ‘The orator then read a vast number of extracts from the archives, all tending to prove that fromthe month of May, he constantly aimed at collecting a great number of well disciplined troops in the barracks of Paris ; that it was wita this intent he sent troops from Paria, ir order to have them replaced by troops from the provinces, that is to say, that he replaeed conscripts by old coldiers ; ho himself presided over the movements of the teoops, 80 as bo ox- tend the garrison of Paris from fourteen to rixteem regiments, I havo proved, continued Gen. Cavaignac, that I left no means untried in order to make the eilve- tive amount to 25,000 men, But, positively, this is perhaps the first time, ina city, where ali is weil or- ganized, that a doubt can be raised relative to the elective of the garrison, The committes of inquiry neglected nothing in order to ascertain the stato of thia effective; they went to the victualling oflice, where (they were informed that on the 22d June, thore were in Paria, with the exception of those men thea lying in the hospitals, or on furlough, 22.300 men ; and between Paris and Versailles, and Saint Gormains, 29,920, I most vigorously put ‘the orders of the Kxe- cutive Commission into execution, and I think I not only executed the intentions of the commission, but alco those of M, Lamartine. 1 appeal to the good rense of all, Who can believe that tho executive would have preserved, foran entire month, a minister as disobedient as Imust have been! I shall not spare those wao have raid co; but, for the moment, I am but an advo- cate—I plead. Doubtless the memories of my adver- taries fail; but once again, no one can believe that tho executive can have preserved a minister who refused | to obey their orders. But let us leave this question of the effective gairison; I consider it to be fully ex- plained and judged. '(“Yes.”) I now speak of the lotter written’ to me by M Marie, in the night of the 22d. Ido not know whether | am’ not about to fur- nish my enemies with arins against me, if | wore obliged to say, from memory, what [ did’ on the 22d, and inthe night from the 22d to the 23d. Conse- quently, it is not from memory I shall answer, but from written statements, It did not happea, oven once, that the troops arrived an hour and a half, an hour, or even half an hour, after the time fixed for their ar- rival.“ But it has occurred, that in presence of the multiplied demands ot the prefect of the police, of the mairies of Paris, the Executive Commission, and some- times of the minister of finances, I have observed the demands, exeeeded the limits, cf the regular service. And it may thus occur that some replies of mine to that effect may be found in the proces verbaur of the Executive Committee, 1 shall now refer to the orders of\the 22d. M. Marie wrote me the following lecters at eleven o'clock at night, to inform me that in all the mob meetings a rendezvous had been given for tho morrow at the Pantheon,to go from thence to the Luxembourg; and he requested me to send thither, as early az possible, a regiment of infantry and twosqaad- rons of cavalry. There was already at the Luxem- bourg a battalion of infunty of the iine, a battalion of the mobile, forming the ordinary guard of that palace, | and a rquadron of the Sth lancers, sent at the request of the prefect of polico, I am not surprised that my adversaries, when speaking of things they are but little acquainted with, should bave thought they demanded regiments when they have only demanded squadrons, (Laughter.) |For ny part, 1 ismued my orders accord. ing to the letter I had received, And when lam ac. cured of heving, to satisfy psrsonal ambition, caused the streets of Paris to be deluged in blood— M, Bantueremy St. Hu.aine,—I did mot say 60. Several voices.— You said so. Gen. Cavatanac.— Iam bappy in being able to pro- duce this important letter, the original of which | ro- fused to give up; but if the Assembly doubted — (' No.*)—Ifully comprehend the exclamation of tho Assembiy; but iam fer from calling noisy manifesta- tion to my help. I do not insist. The Assembly has understood me; I merely add that I would rather be a nassatsin, It is fortunate for me that, ving fulfilled the orders of c: @, 1 could even indicate the number of the corps which I sent thither. Another letter was sent to me, at half-past one in the mornins, from M. Barthelemy St. Hilaire, who informed me, in bis own name, of the facts M. Marie had stated to me in his letter, and in which he demanded troops for the Pantheon. sent the troops demanded; but as it was the Luxembourg, the seat of the government, which was to be attacked, I sent those troops to the Luxem- bourg. I have no wish to busy myeelf in the least with the manner in which the troops sent by me were employed. [arrive at the system of defeaoo adopted by me for Paris. Itis not. I who invented this system, and consequently I did not improvise it. Of two things, one must have occurred; either the commis. sion found it bad or gocd. Ifthey thought it good, it is enough for me, even should M. Garnier Pages aad his colleagues judge it to be bad. I have always thought, and declared, before the Assembly itself, that the most important thing of all,in order to defend a city against an émeute, is unity of command. | have also maintained this opinion in the bosom of the Ex- ecutive Commission, though, doubtless, with less re- serve—in @ more soldierly manner, if you like; I would not expose myself to the possibility that, ina given circumstance, any one could spit in my face, or tear off my epaulets, as was done to a general I shall not name—but why should [ not name him?—to Gene- ral Tempoure. One of the principal causes—I do not speak of moral causes—one of the principal material causes which have caused the fall of the two last monarcbies,was the di-persion of forces. Consequently, I was determined I would undertake nothing without having all the forces concentrated in my own hands, to as to be able to concentrate them likewise iu Paris. | If the Executive Commission, before whom I laid down | my plan, had thought otherwise, they had bat to change tReir minister, They did’not do so; conse- quently-let no one come and say they disapproved of my system. Besides, I submitted that system to the Generals Lamoricti:re, Bédeau, and Fouche, some days previous to the combat, and thoy all approved of it. consider their silence as an aseent to what [ advanc Without entering into any technical terms, you ca: conceive that the dispersion and insulation of troo} would result in their 01 , and tanc troops separately in thuee quarters where the ¢meute | was raging, would baye exposed them to be surrounded, and consequently lost, Do not ail the returns of the | tate that barricades were being ereoted on all How could troops been able to act or ret cades, once destroyed, were not rebuilt. [can conceive that; it was the head quarters of my fi General Lamoriciére, (Laughter.) The honot member terminated by protesting against the words of contempt he is said to have pronounced in speaking of the He Proved that they fought heroically 234 of June, and that, consequently, every measure had been taken to pro- tect the goverament and nation. The honorable | general then explamed the absence he is with on that day, and concluded by eayi I have proved by my words thatI can lay elings which are easily excited within me. But I do not wi to omit acertain partof the debate, to make an easy Thad but to expose the facts; the country e to judge between you and me, between your | story and mine, Now, say if [aman ambitious man | in your eyes, if | have sacrificed my duty towards you, | towards the nation; to combat your accusation | have | demanded a public debate. I have desired that th Assembly, that the nation, should hear us. When truth is there before us, it is an easy matter to prove | 5 grave question pending between you jon of honor. | again ask you if you wish to spenk; and if J ark you that question, it is bo- cavee there is a point which [ do not wish to attack but at the last extremity—but when forced to it by you, M Garnier Paces made a sign that he would speak J You tell ime that you will again speak; well, be it so; this evening, to night, to morrow, if it must be so, shall endeavor to avoid no discussion, After the speech of Goneral Cavaignac, which oocu- pled in the delivery nearly three hours, the Aseembly postponed its sitting, and resumed the debate at eight o'clock, when M, Bartheilmy St Hijab addressed after reiterating owed any intention of ¢ ith « criminal ambition; w! 4 lared, was to impute jto those faults of judgment and negle which bad Commission. Gen. Cay | have but # few words to add, and I beseeoh the Astembly to allow me to deliver them at this moment. The honorable member who has just rpoken states that a great number of persons compiain of not having seen troops, in the course of the June, on those points where they deemed it necesrar, for troops to have been sent, if | had been obliged to reeponsibitity nm thrown bitherto upon the Executive obey every demand of this nature, 900 battalions woud not have sufficed. As tothe letter which was tent to me in the night of the 22d. the hon. member forgets that he himself told me that it was in some te a double order of the one [ had already re- from the Executive Committee, whence | con- cluded that his letter was but the reproduction of that sent to me by M. Marie, The hon. M, Barthelemy St, Hilaire has juet said that he never dreamt of ascusiag me of ambitious calculations; let mo then tell him his atyle fs viciour, and thay he hes raid more than he ta- ae ) | battalion only, and this he could nut obtain. | prove the | the executt CENTS. which interprets my every action, making m concert with the pariiamontary plot you oe te reries, | repeat, goes turther than your thoughts. I do not doubt of your sincerity. 1 do not know you; I havespoken to you but twice; but I oan belleve that, wounded in your feelings, in your affections and de- ceived in Phd hopes, you have written what you did not intend to write. But you yourself have said that what you have wri history, and history does not remain buried in a aire; it ia printed and put into circulation, Your declaration then does not sniflize; it does not place me ina situation in which honor can- cked. I ahall consequently wait new ex- ions on your part, to know what attitude I am to assume. . M Ganwier Paces.—The position in which we are placed is very singular, We cannot pronounces word that is not met by interruption—we cannot propound our statements before they are interpreted ana tra- vestied. [have been in anothe. Assembly, where we were received in the same manner by the © siides’? of M. Guizot, Ifany one hove the right of being heard here with attention, fs it not those who have been pro- yoked into {this discussion -- who have borne five months of attack? Ifthis discussion be unfortuaote for the republic, it is not we who have induced it. We the instigators’ How? When,we are told that if we do not retract it, itis a soldiee who interrogates us! (Violent agitation.) This is the language beld out to us, and you will not listento us. Do you not thiak that itis with profound grief we are obliged to come to this tribunal to bring back again the deadly days of June? And when we point out with regret tue faults that we think we have committed, how are we answer- ed? We are told that we bave some bidden waimoel- ties, some disappointed ambition. Disappoiated am- bition! But what share had my friend M. Barthelemy St. Hilaire in the so-much calumniated Executive Commission? He accepted functions purely somi- official, and since then he has refused the portfolio of public instruction that you have offered him (turning towards the seat of the President of the Conaoil.) Yea; ond to me also you have offered the Presidoney— you, sir; | speak to M. Marie. I maintata my assor- tions. We have refused to be your ministers, and we are told that we are ambitious’ In February were we not placed by the people in the dangerous posts we occupied? Before you, were we not at the Hotel de Ville? Were not breasts there bared to the bails of in- surrection? and were those breasts yours, when it was deemed necessary to offer a sacritiea to the safety of the country? Of thore who were with us at the Hotel de Ville, there are some here who can state what we have done. TWO. n—You hare decreed the forty-five con- ghter), M. Ganwien Paces.—We are divided in opinion with some—with M Ledrt Rollin; but there was always a railying point—the tri-colored flag, the national flag. I demand pardon for these statements; but they were necessary to repel the aecusation of ambition, You would now lead us on to ground which ia not oars. Wo will not follow you. No, we have not said that you have shed the blood of the people for your ambi- tion, but that you have committed faults—aad wa only have suid co. These faults of the minister of wav during the days of June. of the commander-in-chief of the troops, is the opinion of all—of the people of the Na- tional Guard, of the whole national army. [‘No, no!’? violent disrent, which continued some time) ’I ex- pected this interruption; it proceeds from an error, which I willexplain, You thought faults were com- mitted in the command, when you thought that it was the Execulive Committee who committed »hem, (New disrent). You deny it still; and yet have we not all heard from all sides, when no soldiers were soon, toarrive, “Therefis treason!” The National Guard cried it in its ranks; the people repeated it At this moment were you not the echo of what was saidin the streets? "Now, if the National Guard were de- ceived, if the people were deceived, if you also wore deceived, we may be allowed to hold another opinion on what may reeult from this to the [Executive mission. AS amemberjof that commission, [ hay right tosay what was dove by it,and [callon Lamartine also to speak, to explain its conduct, on M. Arago, as M. truth must be known, Loall edru Rollin has said the whole This question must be treated abovea question of persons, ‘A Voice.—Speak of the republic M. Gansien Faass— Oh, I shail speak of It, be astured I shall speak of the republic. No onecansay what may happen; but I ever any one, by a disastrous ambition, sho to the Tuilerie:, I will go to the Hotel de Vill tion) If, spite of the opinion of many of the mem! of the Ascembly, we are not parti daterhip, have we not the right to Godefrot C ac, your brothe: {n centimen you with our opin- nd you, when we were accused of not committed, did you shi on your seat, motionless mute; e against you, is that of ingratitud ed General of Division, Gevernoi No ; you remai the reproach 1 You, whom we n General of Algeria, Minister of War—(violent inter- ruption)—you think that here I will not brave your reproaches. | will! What did G Cavaignac do at the firet overture that was made to him? He replied offered him by Never !) The he events of June commenced, a proposition made in your to overtura (General laughter) Do not believe that I say this, impelled by the animosity of di jointed ambition. Have I not often ssrested that I should b» happy when I could quit power ? That which strikes me most is the ingrati- tude of which you have been guilty, Itis a most astonishing thing to hear,in an assembly which re- presenta the French people, that in attacking you we attack the republic. In a monarchy, a man may well represent the country; but ina republic, no man can have this pretension. I know,nojother motto than thig: “ The Republic, the Constitution, and the National Astembly.” Gen. Cavatonac.—I have listened with calm to the speech you have just heard. Just now M. Garnier Pages bas said that | have attributed his coaduct to @isappointed ambition. He is in error. It has been said that we offered to M Barthelemy St. Hileire the portfolio of public instruction. I never authorised any one to make such an offer, unless it refer to the 28th of June, » peri ignorant of the opinion of M. thelemy St. Hil as to my cou- duct in the events of June. As to the candidateship of M. Garnier P to the Presidency, may have candidate ; but certainly he was not ours. reproached’ me with not having come here to defend you on the 2ith of June ; I was then minister of war, and where I then was I defended you better than it I id been here, (T'rés ) It seems, from what you say, that I courted the propo- tions that were made to me on the 22d June. There js no truth in this ; and I replied to those who offered we the power, that if they wercfdetermined in com- pelling your retirement | would accept it, It has been aid that I sent some one with propositions to the Rue de Poitiers, [rent noone. I only saw M. Adelaward. If, in the name of the Rue de Poitiers, overtures had. been made to me, I should have answered as I did to others, There are many members of this réunion present ; let thi state if bo’ore the 27th June | re~ ceived the slightest communication from them. Numerous voivces.—’Tis true! ‘tis true! Gen. Cavaionac.—As to the reproach of logratitade, 1 leave the country(to decide what | owe to M. Gar- nier Pages. M. Leoav Rotti~.—I do not mount this tribune to make recrimipations; but it has been asserted that the ecutive Commisrion has done all the mischief. There was one member of the Executive Commisston —it was |—who, on the one hand, was suspected of having betrayed the cause of order; and whom, on the other, the people reproached with ‘bloodshed; and yet. | I never ceased to demand the most prompt and ener- getie reprension of the disorders of June, { thought that, by joinivg the troops and the National Guard, | the barricades should have been prevented from being formed on all points, The military experience of Gen- eral Cavaignac decided otherwise, and | bowed to this determination, But,in ¢o doing, [ always thought here should have been in Paris 20,000, ready atthe firet beat of the drum. I remained all day at the seat of the government, More than ton times, in that day, General Damesme sent to demand a erent ton ou wished to concentrate your troops—be it so; but it ‘was apparently to employ them otherwise; if not, this concentration could have no object, I defy you to antages you pretend to have proceeded from your system. From three o’clock in the morn- ing tii nine in the evening, | received, as member of government, 300 persons, who came to “They are murdering our brothers. Help! help!” And, daring those long 15 hours, Jone. saying that you would return in ha! recominending me not to give ord ould contradict yours. Let this be well admitted the concentr: An- ed during @ whole ? Did ti n of co! from the Hotel de Vil t Were Generals La- ? is my resumé, centration ; but you ct ot tell me where you effected . hat wae its result. | cite three who euearet zed, and demanded troops, ath the until this population ief was not there ? From three o'clock in the @ were we obliged reply. The general in Where was be? At the barricad not his pl them, T' at the Aseembly, where From all this it results that m continue good republicans ; men who were hi crowd wh m1 gry. ‘The general has said, that the re hungry were incited by conspirators. be 80, why not indulge in clem ? It were marving. pushed to the bari oadee by ors, ought we not to have pity on them. and, nesty, to restore them to their place in society? Iwas surpriced not to see M. . Tshall answer bim; it cen, it will be seen which of un two bas best served the republic. Throw your in- and were |® man to endeavor to turn to my novantage what you tay. he convinced I should tended. ‘The teries of observations, which im your a9- count, follow me as @ shadow, from minute to minute, prefer your insalts {0 your praise. Candidatare bas been spoken of, Lregues that tals word bas bee pros